1
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Tang Y, Zhu Z, Li M, Gao L, Wu X, Chen J, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Xiao Z. Lycorine relieves the CCl 4-induced liver fibrosis mainly via the JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024:117017. [PMID: 38925513 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis, a progressive process of fibrous scarring, results from the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins (ECM). If left untreated, it often progresses to diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Lycorine, a natural alkaloid derived from medicinal plants, has shown diverse bioactivities by targeting JAK2/STAT3 signaling, but its pharmacological effects and potential molecular mechanisms in liver fibrosis remains largely unexplored. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the pharmacological activity and molecular mechanism of lycorine in anti-hepatic fibrosis. Findings indicate that lycorine significantly inhibited hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation by reducing the expression of α-SMA and collagen-1. In vivo, lycorine treatment alleviated carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) -induced mice liver fibrosis, improving liver function, decreasing ECM deposition, and inhibiting fibrosis-related markers' expression. Mechanistically, it was found that lycorine exerts protective activity through the JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, as evidenced by transcriptome sequencing technology and small molecule inhibitors. These results underscore lycorine's potential as a therapeutic drug for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tang
- Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325600, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zaisheng Zhu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Mengying Li
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lijiao Gao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xinyi Wu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325600, China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Haiyang Zhao
- Institute of Life Sciences, Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Zhongxiang Xiao
- Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325600, China.
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2
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Tan S, Zard SZ, Pham LN, Coote ML, Banwell MG, Lan P, White LV. Short Formal Syntheses of Lycorine and Congeners Using a 5 -Endo-Trig/6 -Endo-Trig Radical Cyclization Sequence. Org Lett 2024; 26:4292-4296. [PMID: 38728657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Here, we report a practical route to medicinally interesting lycorine congeners alongside formal syntheses of various lycorine-type natural products, including lycorine itself. The efficiency of our strategy derives from a back-to-back 5-endo-trig/6-endo-trig radical cyclization sequence, which we systematically studied both experimentally and computationally. The results of our work will facilitate future development of urgently needed antiviral therapeutics based on lycorine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Tan
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau 91128, France
| | - Samir Z Zard
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau 91128, France
| | - Le Nhan Pham
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Michelle L Coote
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Martin G Banwell
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Lorenzo V White
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau 91128, France
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3
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Zhou Z, Wu M, Sun B, Li J, Li J, Liu Z, Gao M, Xue L, Xu S, Wang R. Identification of transcription factor genes responsive to MeJA and characterization of a LaMYC2 transcription factor positively regulates lycorine biosynthesis in Lycoris aurea. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 296:154218. [PMID: 38490054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) are among the main phytohormones, regulating plant growth and development, stress responses, and secondary metabolism. As the major regulator of the JA signaling pathway, MYC2 also plays an important role in plant secondary metabolite synthesis and accumulation. In this study, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis of Lycoris aurea seedlings subjected to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) at different treatment times. A total of 31,193 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by RNA sequencing. Among them, 732 differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) comprising 51 TF families were characterized. The most abundant TF family was WRKY proteins (80), followed by AP2/ERF-EFR (67), MYB (59), bHLH (52), and NAC protein (49) families. Subsequently, by calculating the Pearson's correlation coefficient (PCC) between the expression level of TF DEGs and the lycorine contents, 41 potential TF genes (|PCC| >0.8) involved in lycorine accumulation were identified, including 36 positive regulators and 5 negative regulators. Moreover, a MeJA-inducible MYC2 gene (namely LaMYC2) was cloned on the basis of transcriptome sequencing. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that LaMYC2 proteins contain the bHLH-MYC_N domain and bHLH-AtAIB_like motif. LaMYC2 protein is localized in the cell nucleus, and can partly rescue the MYC2 mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana. LaMYC2 protein could interact with most LaJAZs (especially LaJAZ3 and LaJAZ4) identified previously. Transient overexpression of LaMYC2 increased lycorine contents in L. aurea petals, which might be associated with the activation of the transcript levels of tyrosine decarboxylase (TYDC) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) genes. By isolating the 887-bp-length promoter fragment upstream of the start codon (ATG) of LaTYDC, we found several different types of E-box motifs (CANNTG) in the promoter of LaTYDC. Further study demonstrated that LaMYC2 was indeed able to bind the E-box (CACATG) present in the LaTYDC promoter, verifying that the pathway genes involved in lycorine biosynthesis could be regulated by LaMYC2, and that LaMYC2 has positive roles in the regulation of lycorine biosynthesis. These findings demonstrate that LaMYC2 is a positive regulator of lycorine biosynthesis and may facilitate further functional research of the LaMYC2 gene, especially its potential regulatory roles in Amaryllidaceae alkaloid accumulation in L. aurea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhou
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Wuxi Taihu University, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Mingzhu Wu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jie Li
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Junde Li
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Zhengtai Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Lei Xue
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Ren Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Nanjing, 210014, China.
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4
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Sidjimova B, Denev R, Nikolova M, Bastida J, Berkov S. Dynamics of alkaloid accumulation in Narcissus cv. Hawera: a source of Sceletium-type alkaloids. Z NATURFORSCH C 2024; 79:73-79. [PMID: 38516999 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2023-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The Sceletium-type alkaloids, known for their anxiolytic and antidepressant activities, have been recently found to be biosynthesized in Narcissus cv. Hawera, which is largely used as an ornamental plant. An alkaloid fraction enriched with Sceletium-type alkaloids from the plant has shown promising antidepressant and anxiolytic activities. In the present study, qualitative and quantitative analyses of the alkaloids in the plant organs were performed during one vegetation season by GC-MS. The alkaloid pattern and total alkaloid content was found to depend strongly on the stage of development and plant organ. The alkaloid content of bulbs was found to be highest during the dormancy period and lowest in sprouting bulbs. The leaves showed the highest alkaloid content during the intensive vegetative growth and lowest during flowering. In total, 13 alkaloids were detected in the methanol extracts of Narcissus cv. Hawera, six Sceletium-type and seven typical Amaryllidaceae alkaloids. Major alkaloids in the alkaloid pattern were lycorine, 6-epi-mesembrenol, mesembrenone, sanguinine, and galanthamine. The leaves of flowering plants were found to have the highest amount of 6-epi-mesembrenol. Mesembrenone was found to be dominant alkaloid in the leaves of sprouting bulbs and in the flowers. Considering the biomass of the plant, the dormant bulbs are the best source of alkaloid fractions enriched with 6-epi-mesembrenol. The flowers and the young leaves can be used for preparation of alkaloid fractions enriched with mesembrenone. The results indicates that Narcissus cv. Hawera is an emerging source of valuable bioactive compounds and its utilization can be extended as a medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borjana Sidjimova
- Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, 370766 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , 23 Acad. G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rumen Denev
- Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, 370766 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , 23 Acad. G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Nikolova
- Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, 370766 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , 23 Acad. G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Grup de Productes Naturals, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, 16724 Universitat de Barcelona , Av. Joan XXIII #27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Strahil Berkov
- Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, 370766 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , 23 Acad. G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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5
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Zou JY, Chen QL, Luo XC, Damdinjav D, Abdelmohsen UR, Li HY, Battulga T, Chen HB, Wang YQ, Zhang JY. Natural products reverse cancer multidrug resistance. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1348076. [PMID: 38572428 PMCID: PMC10988293 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1348076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stands as a prominent global cause of death. One of the key reasons why clinical tumor chemotherapy fails is multidrug resistance (MDR). In recent decades, accumulated studies have shown how Natural Product-Derived Compounds can reverse tumor MDR. Discovering novel potential modulators to reduce tumor MDR by Natural Product-Derived Compounds has become a popular research area across the globe. Numerous studies mainly focus on natural products including flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenols and coumarins for their MDR modulatory activity. Natural products reverse MDR by regulating signaling pathways or the relevant expressed protein or gene. Here we perform a deep review of the previous achievements, recent advances in the development of natural products as a treatment for MDR. This review aims to provide some insights for the study of multidrug resistance of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yu Zou
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Lei Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao-Ci Luo
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Davaadagva Damdinjav
- School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Deraya Center for Scientific Research, Deraya University, New Minia, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Hong-Yan Li
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Tungalag Battulga
- School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Hu-Biao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu-Qing Wang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Affiliated TCM Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ye Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, China
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6
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d'Oelsnitz S, Diaz DJ, Kim W, Acosta DJ, Dangerfield TL, Schechter MW, Minus MB, Howard JR, Do H, Loy JM, Alper HS, Zhang YJ, Ellington AD. Biosensor and machine learning-aided engineering of an amaryllidaceae enzyme. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2084. [PMID: 38453941 PMCID: PMC10920890 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46356-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
A major challenge to achieving industry-scale biomanufacturing of therapeutic alkaloids is the slow process of biocatalyst engineering. Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, such as the Alzheimer's medication galantamine, are complex plant secondary metabolites with recognized therapeutic value. Due to their difficult synthesis they are regularly sourced by extraction and purification from the low-yielding daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus. Here, we propose an efficient biosensor-machine learning technology stack for biocatalyst development, which we apply to engineer an Amaryllidaceae enzyme in Escherichia coli. Directed evolution is used to develop a highly sensitive (EC50 = 20 μM) and specific biosensor for the key Amaryllidaceae alkaloid branchpoint 4'-O-methylnorbelladine. A structure-based residual neural network (MutComputeX) is subsequently developed and used to generate activity-enriched variants of a plant methyltransferase, which are rapidly screened with the biosensor. Functional enzyme variants are identified that yield a 60% improvement in product titer, 2-fold higher catalytic activity, and 3-fold lower off-product regioisomer formation. A solved crystal structure elucidates the mechanism behind key beneficial mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon d'Oelsnitz
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
- Synthetic Biology HIVE, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Daniel J Diaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Institute for Foundations of Machine Learning, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Wantae Kim
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Daniel J Acosta
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Tyler L Dangerfield
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Mason W Schechter
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Matthew B Minus
- Department of Chemistry, Prairie View A&M University, 100 University Dr, Prairie View, TX, 77446, USA
| | - James R Howard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Hannah Do
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - James M Loy
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Hal S Alper
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Y Jessie Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Andrew D Ellington
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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7
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Mei W, Mei B, Chang J, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Zhu N, Hu M. Role and regulation of FOXO3a: new insights into breast cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1346745. [PMID: 38505423 PMCID: PMC10949727 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1346745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in the world, particularly affecting female cancer patients. Enhancing the therapeutic strategies for breast cancer necessitates identifying molecular drug targets that effectively eliminate tumor cells. One of these prominent targets is the forkhead and O3a class (FOXO3a), a member of the forkhead transcription factor subfamily. FOXO3a plays a pivotal role in various cellular processes, including apoptosis, proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and drug resistance. It acts as a tumor suppressor in multiple cancer types, although its specific role in cancer remains unclear. Moreover, FOXO3a shows promise as a potential marker for tumor diagnosis and prognosis in breast cancer patients. In addition, it is actively influenced by common anti-breast cancer drugs like paclitaxel, simvastatin, and gefitinib. In breast cancer, the regulation of FOXO3a involves intricate networks, encompassing post-translational modification post-translational regulation by non-coding RNA (ncRNA) and protein-protein interaction. The specific mechanism of FOXO3a in breast cancer urgently requires further investigation. This review aims to systematically elucidate the role of FOXO3a in breast cancer. Additionally, it reviews the interaction of FOXO3a and its upstream and downstream signaling pathway-related molecules to uncover potential therapeutic drugs and related regulatory factors for breast cancer treatment by regulating FOXO3a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiu Mei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- Department of Neurology, Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, China
| | - Bingyin Mei
- Department of Neurology, Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, China
| | - Jing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Medical School of Facial Features, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Ni Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Meichun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
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8
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Su J, Huo M, Xu F, Ding L. Molecular mechanism of lycorine in the treatment of glioblastoma based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1551-1559. [PMID: 37668687 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02702-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Lycorine is a naturally active alkaloid that has been shown to have inhibitory effects on a variety of cancers. However, the underlying mechanism of lycorine in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) is unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of lycorine in the treatment of GBM based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Lycorine-related targets overlapped with GBM-related targets to obtain intersections that represent potential anti-GBM targets for lycorine. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING online database and analyzed by Cytoscape software, and 10 key target genes (AKT1, SRC, HSP90AA1, HRAS, MMP9, BCL2L1, IGF1, MAPK14, STAT1, and KDR) were obtained, which played an important role in the therapeutic effect of lycorine on GBM. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that lycorine acts on GBM by multiple pathways, including inducing apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production. The molecular docking results showed that lycorine had strong binding efficiency with the 10 key genes. In addition, we found that the use of lycorine-induced apoptosis in U-87 MG glioblastoma cells. Here, the mechanism of action of lycorine against GBM was elucidated and verified by experiments, which provided evidence support for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Su
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Mengmeng Huo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Fengnan Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Liqiong Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China.
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9
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Ding J, Su J, Luo B, Ding L. Preparation and Evaluation of Folate Modified PEG-PLLA Nanoparticles Loaded with Lycorine for Glioma Treatment. Molecules 2024; 29:1081. [PMID: 38474593 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lycorine is a kind of natural active ingredient with a strong antitumor effect. In this study, folate ligand-conjugated polyethylene glycol-block-poly(l-lactide) (PEG-PLLA) nanoparticles (FA-PEG-PLLA NPs) were designed to deliver lycorine to enhance its anti-glioma activity. The successful preparation of the FA-PEG-PLLA polymer was confirmed by 1H-NMR, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, and DSC. The optimal formulation for LYC@FA-PEG-PLLA NPs was determined by response surface analysis as follows: sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) of 1%, carrier material of 0.03 g, organic phase volume of 3 mL, and ultrasonic power of 20%. The LYC@FA-PEG-PLLA NPs exhibited an encapsulation efficiency of 83.58% and a particle size of 49.71 nm, demonstrating good stability. Hemolysis experiments, MTT assays, and cell scratch assays revealed excellent biocompatibility of FA-PEG-PLLA and superior anti-glioma activity of LYC@FA-PEG-PLLA NPs compared to the raw drug. Additionally, cell apoptosis assays, ROS experiments, and western blot analysis demonstrated that LYC@FA-PEG-PLLA NPs contributed to cell apoptosis by inducing ROS generation and increasing the expression of NF-κB inhibitory protein IκBα. These results suggested that LYC@FA-PEG-PLLA NPs hold promise for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Ding
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Jie Su
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Binhua Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Liqiong Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
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10
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Dewes Neto B, Gomes-Copeland KKP, Silveira D, Gomes SM, Craesmeyer JMM, de Castro Nizio DA, Fagg CW. Influence of Sucrose and Activated Charcoal on Phytochemistry and Vegetative Growth in Zephyranthes irwiniana (Ravenna) Nic. García (Amaryllidaceae). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:569. [PMID: 38475416 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Zephyranthes irwiniana (Ravenna) Nic. García is an endemic, red list threatened species from the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) with pharmacological potential to treat the symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). This work analyzed the vegetative growth and phytochemistry of its potential compounds, in response to variations in sucrose concentration and activated carbon (AC). Seeds were germinated in vitro and in the greenhouse. The in vitro bulbs were separated in six treatments with different sucrose concentrations (30, 45 and 60 gL-1) and/or AC (1 gL-1). Biomass increases in individuals grown in the greenhouse were higher than those cultivated in vitro. Sucrose concentration significantly increased biomass and root number. AC had a positive influence on leaf and root size, and a negative influence on root number. GC-MS analyses indicated great variation in the abundance of α-terpenyl-acetate, ethyl linoleate, clionasterol and lycorine between treatments, with maximum concentrations of 53.06%, 38.68, 14.34% and 2.57%, respectively. Histolocalization tests indicated the presence of alkaloids in the leaf chlorenchyma and bulb cataphylls. Finally, the present study provided new evidence that the constitution of the culture medium directly influences the vegetative growth and phytochemistry of this species, providing a good medium condition for propagating the species under threat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dâmaris Silveira
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Sueli Maria Gomes
- Department of Botany, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
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11
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Wang X, Chen Y, Meng H, Meng F. SREBPs as the potential target for solving the polypharmacy dilemma. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1272540. [PMID: 38269061 PMCID: PMC10806128 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1272540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of polypharmacy is a common occurrence among older people with multiple health conditions due to the rapid increase in population aging and the popularization of clinical guidelines. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is growing quickly, representing a serious threat to both the public and the worldwide healthcare systems. In addition, it enhances the risk of cardiovascular disease as well as mortality and morbidity. Sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) are basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factors that transcriptionally modulate genes that regulate lipid biosynthesis and uptake, thereby serving an essential role in biological systems regulation. In this article, we have described the structure of SREBPs and explored their activation and regulation of signals. We also reveal that SREBPs are intricately involved in the modulation of metabolic diseases and thus have tremendous potential as the novel target for single-drug therapy for multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fanbo Meng
- Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis (Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute), Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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12
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Consoli V, Fallica AN, Sorrenti V, Pittalà V, Vanella L. Novel Insights on Ferroptosis Modulation as Potential Strategy for Cancer Treatment: When Nature Kills. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:40-85. [PMID: 37132605 PMCID: PMC10824235 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Significance: The multifactorial nature of the mechanisms implicated in cancer development still represents a major issue for the success of established antitumor therapies. The discovery of ferroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death distinct from apoptosis, along with the identification of the molecular pathways activated during its execution, has led to the uncovering of novel molecules characterized by ferroptosis-inducing properties. Recent advances: As of today, the ferroptosis-inducing properties of compounds derived from natural sources have been investigated and interesting findings have been reported both in vitro and in vivo. Critical Issues: Despite the efforts made so far, only a limited number of synthetic compounds have been identified as ferroptosis inducers, and their utilization is still limited to basic research. In this review, we analyzed the most important biochemical pathways involved in ferroptosis execution, with particular attention to the newest literature findings on canonical and non-canonical hallmarks, together with mechanisms of action of natural compounds identified as novel ferroptosis inducers. Compounds have been classified based on their chemical structure, and modulation of ferroptosis-related biochemical pathways has been reported. Future Directions: The outcomes herein collected represent a fascinating starting point from which to take hints for future drug discovery studies aimed at identifying ferroptosis-inducing natural compounds for anticancer therapies. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 40-85.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Consoli
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Sorrenti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, CERNUT—Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, CERNUT—Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Vanella
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, CERNUT—Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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13
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Lange M, Meyer FL, Nosovska O, Vilotijevic I. Lewis-Base-Catalyzed N-Allylation of Silyl Carbamate Latent Pronucleophiles with Allylic Fluorides. Org Lett 2023; 25:9097-9102. [PMID: 38100719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Silyl carbamates, latent pronucleophile surrogates of carbamates, undergo allylation using allylic fluorides in the presence of common Lewis base catalysts. The reactions are rendered enantioselective in the presence of chiral Lewis base catalysts and produce suitably protected derivatives of enantioenriched chiral β-amino acids. The design of the latent pronucleophile featuring both a silyl group and an electron-deficient carbamate is instrumental in lowering the nucleophilicity of nitrogen and enabling enantioselective allylation in the presence of chiral cinchona alkaloid-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Lange
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - F Lorenz Meyer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Olena Nosovska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ivan Vilotijevic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
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14
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Qi J, Meng M, Liu J, Song X, Chen Y, Liu Y, Li X, Zhou Z, Huang X, Wang X, Zhou Q, Zhao Z. Lycorine inhibits pancreatic cancer cell growth and neovascularization by inducing Notch1 degradation and downregulating key vasculogenic genes. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115833. [PMID: 37769714 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is highly metastatic and lethal with an increasing incidence globally and a 5-year survival rate of only 8%. One of the factors contributing to the high mortality is the lack of effective drugs in the clinical setting. We speculated that effective compounds against pancreatic cancer exist in natural herbs and explored active small molecules among traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. The small molecule lycorine (MW: 323.77) derived from the herb Lycoris radiata inhibited pancreatic cancer cell growth with an IC50 value of 1 μM in a concentration-dependent manner. Lycorine markedly reduced pancreatic cancer cell viability, migration, invasion, neovascularization, and gemcitabine resistance. Additionally, lycorine effectively suppressed tumor growth in mouse xenograft models without obvious toxicity. Pharmacological studies revealed that the levels and half-life of Notch1 oncoprotein in the pancreatic cancer cells Panc-1 and Patu8988 were notably reduced. Moreover, the expression of the key vasculogenic genes Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) were also significantly inhibited by lycorine. Mechanistically, lycorine strongly triggered the degradation of Notch1 oncoprotein through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. In conclusion, lycorine effectively inhibits pancreatic cancer cell growth, migration, invasion, neovascularization, and gemcitabine resistance by inducing degradation of Notch1 oncoprotein and downregulating the key vasculogenic genes Sema4D and Ang-2. Our findings provide a new therapeutic candidate and treatment strategy against pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindan Qi
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; School of Nursing, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Mei Meng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Juntao Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Song
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Yuxi Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Xu Li
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- School of Nursing, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Quansheng Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
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15
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Li Z, Zhu JF, Ouyang H. Progress on traditional Chinese medicine in improving hepatic fibrosis through inhibiting oxidative stress. World J Hepatol 2023; 15:1091-1108. [PMID: 37970620 PMCID: PMC10642434 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i10.1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a common pathological process that occurs in the development of various chronic liver diseases into cirrhosis and liver cancer, characterized by excessive deposition of the extracellular matrix. In the past, hepatic fibrosis was thought to be a static and irreversible pathological process. In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology and the continuous in-depth study of the liver at the microscopic level, more and more evidence has shown that hepatic fibrosis is a dynamic and reversible process. Therefore, it is particularly important to find an effective, simple, and inexpensive method for its prevention and treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) occupies an important position in the treatment of hepatic fibrosis due to its advantages of low adverse reactions, low cost, and multi-target effectiveness. A large number of research results have shown that TCM monomers, single herbal extracts, and TCM formulas play important roles in the prevention and treatment of hepatic fibrosis. Oxidative stress (OS) is one of the key factors in the occurrence and development of hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, this article reviews the progress in the understanding of the mechanisms of TCM monomers, single herbal extracts, and TCM formulas in preventing and treating hepatic fibrosis by inhibiting OS in recent years, in order to provide a reference and basis for drug therapy of hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Liver, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jun-Feng Zhu
- Department of Liver, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Department of Liver, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hao Ouyang
- Department of Liver, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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16
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Di Sotto A, Valipour M, Azari A, Di Giacomo S, Irannejad H. Benzoindolizidine Alkaloids Tylophorine and Lycorine and Their Analogues with Antiviral, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anticancer Properties: Promises and Challenges. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2619. [PMID: 37892993 PMCID: PMC10603990 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ongoing viral research, essential for public health due to evolving viruses, gains significance owing to emerging viral infections such as the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Marine and plant alkaloids show promise as novel potential pharmacological strategies. In this narrative review, we elucidated the potential of tylophorine and lycorine, two naturally occurring plant-derived alkaloids with a shared benzoindolizidine scaffold, as antiviral agents to be potentially harnessed against respiratory viral infections. Possible structure-activity relationships have also been highlighted. The substances and their derivatives were found to be endowed with powerful and broad-spectrum antiviral properties; moreover, they were able to counteract inflammation, which often underpins the complications of viral diseases. At last, their anticancer properties hold promise not only for advancing cancer research but also for mitigating the oncogenic effects of viruses. This evidence suggests that tylophorine and lycorine could effectively counteract the pathogenesis of respiratory viral disease and its harmful effects. Although common issues about the pharmacologic development of natural substances remain to be addressed, the collected evidence highlights a possible interest in tylophorine and lycorine as antiviral and/or adjuvant strategies and encourages future more in-depth pre-clinical and clinical investigations to overcome their drawbacks and harness their power for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Di Sotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mehdi Valipour
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14496-14535, Iran
| | - Aala Azari
- Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Silvia Di Giacomo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Hamid Irannejad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48471-93698, Iran;
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17
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Feferbaum-Leite S, Santos IA, Grosche VR, da Silva GCD, Jardim ACG. Insights into enterovirus a-71 antiviral development: from natural sources to synthetic nanoparticles. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:334. [PMID: 37730918 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03660-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Enteroviruses are pathogens responsible for several diseases, being enterovirus A71 (EVA71) the second leading cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), especially in Asia-Pacific countries. HFMD is mostly common in infants and children, with mild symptoms. However, the disease can result in severe nervous system disorders in children as well as in immunosuppressed adults. The virus is highly contagious, and its transmission occurs via fecal-oral, oropharyngeal secretions, and fomites. The EVA71 burdens the healthy systems and economies around the world, however, up to date, there is no antiviral approved to treat infected individuals and the existent vaccines are not available or approved to be used worldwide. In this context, an extensive literature research was conducted to describe and summarize the recent advances in natural and/or synthetic compounds with antiviral activity against EVA71. The summarized data presented here might simply encourage the future studies in EVA71 antiviral development, by encouraging further research encompassing these compounds or even the application of the techniques and technologies to improve or produce new antiviral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiraz Feferbaum-Leite
- Institute of Biomedical Science (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Igor Andrade Santos
- Institute of Biomedical Science (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Victória Riquena Grosche
- Institute of Biomedical Science (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Sao Paulo State University, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Carolina Gomes Jardim
- Institute of Biomedical Science (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Sao Paulo State University, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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18
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Sun Y, Gu Y, Gao X, Jin X, Wink M, Sharopov FS, Yang L, Sethi G. Lycorine suppresses the malignancy of breast carcinoma by modulating epithelial mesenchymal transition and β-catenin signaling. Pharmacol Res 2023; 195:106866. [PMID: 37499704 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Lycorine, an isoquinoline alkaloid can exhibit significant anti-cancer effects. The present study was conducted to illustrate the underlying mechanisms of action of lycorine on breast carcinoma under in vitro and in vivo settings Tandem Mass Tag assay and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that 20 signaling pathways were closely related to tumorigenesis, especially Wnt signaling pathway and tight junctions. The results demonstrated that lycorine evidently inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 1.84 ± 0.21 μM and 7.76 ± 1.16 μM, respectively. It also blocked cell cycle in G2/M phase, caused a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, and induced apoptosis pathways through regulating caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and PARP expression. Moreover, lycorine effectively repressed the β-catenin signaling and reversed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Furthermore, 4T1/Luc homograft tumor model was used to further demonstrate that lycorine significantly inhibited the growth and metastasis of breast tumor. These findings highlight the significance of lycorine as potential anti-neoplastic agent to combat breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928, No.2 Street, Qiantang District, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Yi Gu
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928, No.2 Street, Qiantang District, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928, No.2 Street, Qiantang District, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Zhejiang Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No. 218, Hengjie Road, Taizhou 318020, China
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 329, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Farukh S Sharopov
- Research Institution "Chinese-Tajik Innovation Center for Natural Products", National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, No. 267, Айнй Road, Dushanbe 734025, Tajikistan
| | - Linjun Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Zhejiang Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No. 218, Hengjie Road, Taizhou 318020, China.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117600, Singapore..
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19
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Rodríguez-Escobar ML, Tallini LR, Lisa-Molina J, Berkov S, Viladomat F, Meerow A, Bastida J, Torras-Claveria L. Chemical and Biological Aspects of Different Species of the Genus Clinanthus Herb. (Amaryllidaceae) from South America. Molecules 2023; 28:5408. [PMID: 37513280 PMCID: PMC10385320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Clinanthus Herb. is found in the Andes Region (South America), mainly in Peru, Ecuador, and Bolivia. These plants belong to the Amaryllidaceae family, specifically the Amaryllidoideae subfamily, which presents an exclusive group of alkaloids known as Amaryllidaceae alkaloids that show important structural diversity and pharmacological properties. It is possible to find some publications in the literature regarding the botanical aspects of Clinanthus species, although there is little information available about their chemical and biological activities. The aim of this work was to obtain the alkaloid profile and the anti-cholinesterase activity of four different samples of Clinanthus collected in South America: Clinanthus sp., Clinanthus incarnatus, and Clinanthus variegatus. The alkaloid extract of each sample was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and their potential against the enzymes acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase were evaluated. Thirteen alkaloids have been identified among these species, while six unidentified structures have also been detected in these plants. The alkaloid extract of the C. variegatus samples showed the highest structural diversity as well as the best activity against AChE, which was likely due to the presence of the alkaloid sanguinine. The results suggest this genus as a possible interesting new source of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, which could contribute to the development of new medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lenny Rodríguez-Escobar
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luciana R Tallini
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Lisa-Molina
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Strahil Berkov
- Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23 Acad. G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Francesc Viladomat
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alan Meerow
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85282, USA
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Torras-Claveria
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Li D, Wang W, Xu K, Li J, Long B, Li Z, Tan G, Yu X. Elucidation of a Dearomatization Route in the Biosynthesis of Oxysporidinone Involving a TenA-like Cytochrome P450 Enzyme. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202301976. [PMID: 37086399 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative dearomatization of phenols is an important transformation for synthesis of complex molecules. Oxysporidinone and related 2-pyridones feature a hydroxy-substituted cyclohexanone ring, which has been proposed to form by phenol dearomatization, although the details of the biochemical process are still unknown. In this study, we identified the oxysporidinone biosynthetic gene cluster in Fusarium oxysporum by regulator activation and gene knockout studies. Through in vivo and in vitro studies, we confirmed that the phenol dearomatization process involves two enzymes. OsdM, a TenA-like cytochrome P450 with expected ring-expansion activity, converts the phenol ring and the 4-hydroxy-2-pyridone core into an unexpected fused [6-5-6] ring system. OsdN, on the other hand, catalyzes two successive ene reduction reactions, followed by hydroxylation by OsdM. This new route enriches current knowledge on enzymatic phenol dearomatization and the mechanism of TenA-like P450s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Wenxuan Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Kangping Xu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Bi Long
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Zhansheng Li
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Guishan Tan
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Xia Yu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
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Coulet M, Lachkar S, Leduc M, Trombe M, Gouveia Z, Perez F, Kepp O, Kroemer G, Basmaciogullari S. Identification of Small Molecules Affecting the Secretion of Therapeutic Antibodies with the Retention Using Selective Hook (RUSH) System. Cells 2023; 12:1642. [PMID: 37371112 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlocking cell secretion capacity is of paramount interest for the pharmaceutical industry focused on biologics. Here, we leveraged retention using a selective hook (RUSH) system for the identification of human osteosarcoma U2OS cell secretion modulators, through automated, high-throughput screening of small compound libraries. We created a U2OS cell line which co-expresses a variant of streptavidin addressed to the lumen-facing membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and a recombinant anti-PD-L1 antibody. The heavy chain of the antibody was modified at its C-terminus, to which a furin cleavage site, a green fluorescent protein (GFP), and a streptavidin binding peptide (SBP) were added. We show that the U2OS cell line stably expresses the streptavidin hook and the recombinant antibody bait, which is retained in the ER through the streptavidin-SBP interaction. We further document that the addition of biotin to the culture medium triggers the antibody release from the ER, its trafficking through the Golgi where the GFP-SBP moiety is clipped off, and eventually its release in the extra cellular space, with specific antigen-binding properties. The use of this clone in screening campaigns led to the identification of lycorine as a secretion enhancer, and nigericin and tyrphostin AG-879 as secretion inhibitors. Altogether, our data support the utility of this approach for the identification of agents that could be used to improve recombinant production yields and also for a better understanding of the regulatory mechanism at work in the conventional secretion pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Coulet
- Sanofi R&D, 94400 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Lachkar
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Marion Leduc
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France
| | | | - Zelia Gouveia
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 144, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Franck Perez
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 144, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, 94800 Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75006 Paris, France
- Department of Biology, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
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22
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Hu YD, Yue YF, Chen T, Wang ZD, Ding JQ, Xie M, Li D, Zhu HL, Cheng ML. Alleviating effect of lycorine on CFA‑induced arthritic pain via inhibition of spinal inflammation and oxidative stress. Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:241. [PMID: 37153898 PMCID: PMC10160920 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is the primary symptom of osteoarthritis affecting a patient's quality of life. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the spinal cord contribute to arthritic pain and represent ideal targets for pain management. In the present study, a model of arthritis was established by intra-articular injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the left knee joint in mice. After CFA inducement, knee width and pain hypersensitivity in the mice were increased, motor disability was impaired, spinal inflammatory reaction was induced, spinal astrocytes were activated, antioxidant responses were decreased, and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) activity was inhibited. To explore the potential therapeutic options for arthritic pain, lycorine was intraperitoneally injected for 3 days in the CFA mice. Lycorine treatment significantly reduced mechanical pain sensitivity, suppressed spontaneous pain, and recovered motor coordination in the CFA-induced mice. Additionally, in the spinal cord, lycorine treatment decreased the inflammatory score, reduced NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome (NLRP3) activity and IL-1β expression, suppressed astrocytic activation, downregulated NF-κB levels, increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 expression and superoxide dismutase activity. Furthermore, lycorine was shown to bind to GSK-3β through three electrovalent bonds, to inhibit GSK-3β activity. In summary, lycorine treatment inhibited GSK-3β activity, suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation, increased the antioxidant response, reduced spinal inflammation, and relieved arthritic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Di Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Fen Yue
- Department of Pharmacy, Xianning Central Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xianning Central Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Di Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Jie-Qing Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Min Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Dai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Li Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Hai-Li Zhu or Dr Meng-Lin Cheng, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, 88 Xianning Avenue, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Lin Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Hai-Li Zhu or Dr Meng-Lin Cheng, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, 88 Xianning Avenue, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China
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23
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Moldovan OL, Sandulea A, Lungu IA, Gâz ȘA, Rusu A. Identification of Some Glutamic Acid Derivatives with Biological Potential by Computational Methods. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104123. [PMID: 37241864 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamic acid is a non-essential amino acid involved in multiple metabolic pathways. Of high importance is its relationship with glutamine, an essential fuel for cancer cell development. Compounds that can modify glutamine or glutamic acid behaviour in cancer cells have resulted in attractive anticancer therapeutic alternatives. Based on this idea, we theoretically formulated 123 glutamic acid derivatives using Biovia Draw. Suitable candidates for our research were selected among them. For this, online platforms and programs were used to describe specific properties and their behaviour in the human organism. Nine compounds proved to have suitable or easy to optimise properties. The selected compounds showed cytotoxicity against breast adenocarcinoma, lung cancer cell lines, colon carcinoma, and T cells from acute leukaemia. Compound 2Ba5 exhibited the lowest toxicity, and derivative 4Db6 exhibited the most intense bioactivity. Molecular docking studies were also performed. The binding site of the 4Db6 compound in the glutamine synthetase structure was determined, with the D subunit and cluster 1 being the most promising. In conclusion, glutamic acid is an amino acid that can be manipulated very easily. Therefore, molecules derived from its structure have great potential to become innovative drugs, and further research on these will be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavia-Laura Moldovan
- Medicine and Pharmacy Doctoral School, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Alexandra Sandulea
- Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Ioana-Andreea Lungu
- Medicine and Pharmacy Doctoral School, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Șerban Andrei Gâz
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Aura Rusu
- Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
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24
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Li Y, Tai Z, Ma J, Miao F, Xin R, Shen C, Shen M, Zhu Q, Chen Z. Lycorine transfersomes modified with cell-penetrating peptides for topical treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:139. [PMID: 37118807 PMCID: PMC10148442 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01877-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Topical anticancer drugs offer a potential therapeutic modality with high compliance for treating cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). However, the existing topical treatments for cSCC are associated with limited penetrating ability to achieve the desired outcome. Therefore, there remains an urgent requirement to develop drugs with efficient anticancer activity suitable for treating cSCC and to overcome the skin physiological barrier to improve the efficiency of drug delivery to the tumor. RESULTS We introduced lycorine (LR) into the topical treatment for cSCC and developed a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)-modified cationic transfersome gel loaded with lycorine-oleic acid ionic complex (LR-OA) (LR@DTFs-CPP Gel) and investigated its topical therapeutic effects on cSCC. The anti-cSCC effects of LR and skin penetration of LR-OA transfersomes were confirmed. Simultaneously, cationic lipids and modification of R5H3 peptide of the transfersomes further enhanced the permeability of the skin and tumor as well as the effective delivery of LR to tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS Topical treatment of cSCC-xenografted nude mice with LR@DTFs-CPP Gel showed effective anticancer properties with high safety. This novel formulation provides novel insights into the treatment and pathogenesis of cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Zongguang Tai
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Jinyuan Ma
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Fengze Miao
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Rujuan Xin
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Cuie Shen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Min Shen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Quangang Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China.
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Topical Chinese Medicine, 1278 Baode Road, Shanghai, 200443, China.
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25
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Le NTH, De Jonghe S, Erven K, Vermeyen T, Baldé AM, Herrebout WA, Neyts J, Pannecouque C, Pieters L, Tuenter E. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity and Cytotoxicity of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids from Hymenocallis littoralis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073222. [PMID: 37049986 PMCID: PMC10096449 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Amaryllidaceae species are well-known as a rich source of bioactive compounds in nature. Although Hymenocallis littoralis has been studied for decades, its polar components were rarely explored. The current phytochemical investigation of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids from H. littoralis led to the identification of three previously undescribed compounds: O-demethyl-norlycoramine (1), (−)-2-epi-pseudolycorine (2) and (+)-2-epi-pseudolycorine (3), together with eight known compounds: 6α-hydroxyhippeastidine (4), 6β-hydroxyhippeastidine (5), lycorine (6), 2-epi-lycorine (7), zephyranthine (8), ungeremine (9), pancratistatin (10) and 9-O-demethyl-7-O-methyllycorenine (11). Among the eight previously reported compounds, five were isolated from H. littoralis for the first time (compounds 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9). Compounds 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 11 exhibited weak anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity (EC50 = 40–77 µM) at non-cytotoxic concentrations. Assessment of cytotoxicity on the Vero-E6 cell line revealed lycorine and pancratistatin as cytotoxic substances with CC50 values of 1.2 µM and 0.13 µM, respectively. The preliminary structure-activity relationship for the lycorine-type alkaloids in this study was further investigated, and as a result ring C appears to play a crucial role in their anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Thao-Hien Le
- Natural Products and Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Steven De Jonghe
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristien Erven
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Vermeyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Ghent Quantum Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aliou M. Baldé
- Department of Pharmacy, University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry, Conakry 00224, Guinea
| | - Wouter A. Herrebout
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johan Neyts
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe Pannecouque
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products and Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Emmy Tuenter
- Natural Products and Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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26
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Zhai J, Jiang JF, Shi L. Lycorine weakens tamoxifen resistance of breast cancer via abrogating HAGLR-mediated epigenetic suppression on VGLL4 by DNMT1. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2023; 39:278-289. [PMID: 36606584 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Much is known about the significance of lycorine, a natural alkaloid, in combating various types of cancer, including breast cancer (BC), but whether it participates in regulating tamoxifen (TAM) resistance and its underlying mechanism remain to be elucidated. Tamoxifen-resistant (TAMR) BC cells were first established by continuously exposed to increasing concentrations of TAM. Levels of targeted gene including HOXD antisense growth-associated lncRNA (HAGLR) and Vestigial like family member 4 (VGLL4) were analyzed by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Cell proliferation ability was assessed by MTT and EdU assays. Flow cytometry was carried out to evaluate the apoptosis. VGLL4 promoter methylation was examined using methylation specific PCR (MSP). The role of HAGLR acting on the expression of VGLL4 via DNA hypermethylation was confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). Here, we reported that lycorine administration reduced the survival ratio of TAMR BC cells, decreased the IC50 of TAM, and strengthened TAM-induced apoptosis. HAGLR, observed to be highly expressed in TAMR BC cells, was identified to be a downstream effector of lycorine, of which overexpression abolished lycorine-mediated TAMR inhibition. VGLL4 served as a target of HAGLR in regulating lycorine-mediated suppression on tamoxifen resistance of TAMR BC cells. Mechanistically, HAGLR epigenetically suppressed VGLL4 expression via DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)-mediated DNA hypermethylation. Taken together, our data highlights the pivotal role of lycorine in TAM resistance of BC, which may provide a potential agent for improving the effectiveness and efficacy of BC resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Feng Jiang
- Division of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Gansu provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
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27
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Ogorek TJ, Golden JE. Advances in the Development of Small Molecule Antivirals against Equine Encephalitic Viruses. Viruses 2023; 15:413. [PMID: 36851628 PMCID: PMC9958955 DOI: 10.3390/v15020413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Venezuelan, western, and eastern equine encephalitic alphaviruses (VEEV, WEEV, and EEEV, respectively) are arboviruses that are highly pathogenic to equines and cause significant harm to infected humans. Currently, human alphavirus infection and the resulting diseases caused by them are unmitigated due to the absence of approved vaccines or therapeutics for general use. These circumstances, combined with the unpredictability of outbreaks-as exemplified by a 2019 EEE surge in the United States that claimed 19 patient lives-emphasize the risks posed by these viruses, especially for aerosolized VEEV and EEEV which are potential biothreats. Herein, small molecule inhibitors of VEEV, WEEV, and EEEV are reviewed that have been identified or advanced in the last five years since a comprehensive review was last performed. We organize structures according to host- versus virus-targeted mechanisms, highlight cellular and animal data that are milestones in the development pipeline, and provide a perspective on key considerations for the progression of compounds at early and later stages of advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J. Ogorek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Golden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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28
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El Samarji M, Younes M, El Khoury M, Haykal T, Elias N, Gasilova N, Menin L, Houri A, Machaka-Houri N, Rizk S. The Antioxidant and Proapoptotic Effects of Sternbergia clusiana Bulb Ethanolic Extract on Triple-Negative and Estrogen-Dependent Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:529. [PMID: 36771614 PMCID: PMC9920827 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sternbergia clusiana belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family and is recognized for the valuable biological activity of its major bioactive compounds. The aim of the current is to evaluate the anticancer effects of the ethanolic bulb extract of Sternbergia clusiana (ScBEE) on breast cancer cells in vitro and to further reveal the underlying cellular mechanism. METHODS An MTS cell viability assay was performed on MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, along with cell cycle analysis, cell death ELISA, Western blot analysis and an ROS production assay to decipher the mechanism of death. LC-MS/MS was also performed to identify the chemical composition of this ethanolic extract. RESULTS The results show a selective antiproliferative effect on both cell lines with no effect on normal mesenchymal stem cells. Further analysis suggested the activation of the apoptotic pathway as reflected by the increase in cellular and DNA fragmentation and alterations in apoptotic proteins such as Bax, Bcl-2 and c-PARP. ScBEE was also found to exhibit antioxidant effect, as shown by a decrease in ROS production. The underlying mechanism of action was explained by the presence of several bioactive compounds identified by LC-MS/MS, including alkaloids, terpenoids and phenols, which are elaborated in the manuscript. CONCLUSION This study highlights the antioxidant and anticancerous properties of S.clusiana for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona El Samarji
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. Box 36, Lebanon
| | - Maria Younes
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. Box 36, Lebanon
| | - Marianne El Khoury
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. Box 36, Lebanon
| | - Tony Haykal
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. Box 36, Lebanon
| | - Nazira Elias
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. Box 36, Lebanon
| | - Natalia Gasilova
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laure Menin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ahmad Houri
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102-2801, Lebanon
| | - Nisrine Machaka-Houri
- Department of Life and Earth Science, Faculty of Sciences, Saint Joseph University, Ras Maska 1104-2020, Lebanon
| | - Sandra Rizk
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. Box 36, Lebanon
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29
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Soto-Vásquez MR, Alvarado-García PAA, Osorio EH, Tallini LR, Bastida J. Antileishmanial Activity of Clinanthus milagroanthus S. Leiva & Meerow (Amaryllidaceae) Collected in Peru. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:322. [PMID: 36679035 PMCID: PMC9866881 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a worldwide infectious parasitic disease caused by different species of protozoa of the genus Leishmania, which are transmitted to animals and humans through the bite of insects of the Psychodidae family. In the present work, the antileishmanial activity of an alkaloid extract of the bulbs of Clinanthus milagroanthus S. Leiva & Meerow (Amaryllidaceae) was evaluated in vitro, in vivo, and in silico against the parasite Leishmania braziliensis, and the chemical profile of the sample was determined by GC-MS analysis. At concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 µg·mL−1, the alkaloid extract presented inhibition percentages of 8.7%, 23.1%, and 98.8%, respectively, against L. braziliensis with a p < 0.05, and IC50 values of 18.5 ± 0.3 µg·mL−1. Furthermore, at a dose of 1.0 mg·kg−1, a greater decrease in lesion size was observed (90%) for in vivo assays, as well as a decrease in infection (96%), finding no significant differences (p > 0.05) in comparison with amphotericin B (92% and 98%, respectively). Eleven alkaloids were identified in C. milagroanthus bulbs: galanthamine, vittatine/crinine, 8-O-demethylmaritidine, anhydrolycorine, 11,12-dehydroanhydrolycorine, hippamine, lycorine, 2-hydroxyanhydrolycorine, 7-hydroxyclivonine, 2α-hydroxyhomolycorine, and 7-hydroxyclivonine isomer. A molecular model of Leishmania braziliensis trypanothione reductase (TRLb) was built using computational experiments to evaluate in silico the potential of the Amaryllidaceae alkaloid identified in C. milagroanthus toward this enzyme. The structures galanthamine, 7-hydroxyclivonine isomer, and crinine showed better estimated free energy of binding than the reference compound, amphotericin B. In conclusion, this is the first in vitro, in vivo, and in silico report about the antileishmanial potential and alkaloid profiling of the extract of C. milagroanthus bulbs, which could become an interesting source of bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Av. Juan Pablo II s/n, Trujillo 13011, Peru
| | | | - Edison H. Osorio
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Carrera 22 Calle 67, Ibagué 730001, Colombia
| | - Luciana R. Tallini
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27–31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27–31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Křoustková J, Ritomská A, Al Mamun A, Hulcová D, Opletal L, Kuneš J, Cahlíková L, Bucar F. Structural analysis of unusual alkaloids isolated from Narcissus pseudonarcissus cv. Carlton. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 204:113439. [PMID: 36152726 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Narciindole A, the first representative of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids with an indol-3-ylmethanone framework, was isolated from bulbs of Narcissus pseudonarcissus (L.) cv. Carlton, together with carltonine D and carltonine E, which share the same unusual structural motif as dimeric carltonine C (reported in 2020), exhibiting atropisomerism. Unambiguous structure elucidations have been achieved by NMR spectroscopy, HRMS, and comparison with literature data of related alkaloids. Furthermore, the chirality of known alkaloids with a galanthindole biaryl core was revised using optical rotation. Last, but not least, a biosynthetic pathway for dimeric carltonine-type alkaloids was proposed. Unfortunately, in terms of biological activity, the isolated alkaloids showed only moderate inhibition of human acetylcholinesterase and/or butyrylcholinesterase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Křoustková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Beethovenstraße 8, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Aneta Ritomská
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Hulcová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Opletal
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kuneš
- Department of Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Cahlíková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Franz Bucar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Beethovenstraße 8, 8010, Graz, Austria
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Lin B, Xu P, Zheng J, Deng X, Ye Q, Huang Z, Wang N. Effects and mechanisms of natural alkaloids for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1014173. [PMID: 36210805 PMCID: PMC9539536 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1014173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural alkaloids are polycyclic, nitrogen-containing, and basic compounds obtained from plants. In this review, the advances in bioactive alkaloids with respect to their chemical structures, herbal sources, and effects for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis are discussed. Anti-osteoporosis alkaloids are classified into six categories based on the chemical structure, namely, isoquinoline alkaloids, quinolizidine alkaloids, piperidine alkaloids, indole alkaloids, pyrrolizidine alkaloids and steroidal alkaloids. They promote mesenchymal stem cells differentiation, improve osteoblast proliferation, stimulate osteoblast autophagy and suppress osteoclast formation. These natural alkaloids can regulate multiple signaling pathways, including interrupting the tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6- receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B interaction, inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B pathway in osteoclasts, activating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases pathway in osteoblasts, and triggering the wingless and int-1 pathway in mesenchymal stem cells. This review provides evidence and support for novel drug and clinical treatment of osteoporosis using natural alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingfeng Lin
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pingcui Xu
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuehui Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qitao Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongping Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nani Wang
- Department of Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Nani Wang,
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Sharma N, Kulkarni GT, Bhatt AN, Satija S, Singh L, Sharma A, Dua K, Karwasra R, Khan AA, Ahmad N, Raza K. Therapeutic Options for the SARS-CoV-2 Virus: Is There a Key in Herbal Medicine? Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221126303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has been responsible for over 500 million cumulative cases all over the world since December 2019 and has marked the third introduction of a highly pathogenic virus after SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. This virus is in a winning situation because scientists are still racing to explore effective therapeutics, vaccines, and event treatment regimens. In view of progress in current disease management, until now none of the preventive/treatment measures can be considered entirely effective to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, it is required to look up substitute ways for the management of this disease. In this context, herbal medicines could be a good choice. This article emphasizes the antiviral potential of some herbal constituents which further can be a drug of choice in SARS-CoV-2 treatment. This article may be a ready reference for discovering natural lead compounds and targets in SARS-CoV-2 associated works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | | | - Anant Narayan Bhatt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Satija
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Lubhan Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, KharvelSubharti College of Pharmacy, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, India
| | - Anjana Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, UP, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Ritu Karwasra
- Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine (CCRUM), Ministry of AYUSH, Govt of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Asim Ali Khan
- Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine (CCRUM), Ministry of AYUSH, Govt of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Nadeem Ahmad
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Khalid Raza
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Xiao H, Xu X, Du L, Li X, Zhao H, Wang Z, Zhao L, Yang Z, Zhang S, Yang Y, Wang C. Lycorine and organ protection: Review of its potential effects and molecular mechanisms. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154266. [PMID: 35752077 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiorgan dysfunction, especially sepsis-related multiorgan damage, remains a major cause of high mortality in the late stages of infection and a great clinical challenge. In recent years, natural drugs have received widespread attention because of their low cost, wide sources, high efficacy, low toxicity, and limited side effects. Lycorine, a natural compound extracted from Amaryllidaceae, exhibits multiple pharmacological activities, including in the regulation of autophagy and the induction of cancer cell apoptosis, and has anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiviral, antimalarial, and antitumor activities. However, studies on lycorine have mainly focused on its antitumor properties, and research on its use for organ protection, especially in sepsis-related organ injury, is relatively limited. PURPOSE To review and discuss the effects and mechanisms of lycorine in the treatment of multi-organ dysfunction, especially sepsis. METHODS Literature searches in electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus, were performed using 'Lycorine', 'Amaryllidaceae', 'Pharmacology', 'Pharmacokinetics', 'Anti-inflammation', 'Autophagy', 'Apoptosis', 'Anti-microbial and anti-parasitic', 'Antitumor', 'Organ protection', and 'Sepsis' as keywords, the correlated literature was extracted and conducted from the databases mentioned above. RESULTS By summarizing the progress made in existing research, we found that the general effects of lycorine involve the regulation of autophagy and the induction of cancer cell apoptosis, and anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiviral, antimalarial, and antitumor effects; through these pathways, the compound can ameliorate organ damage. In addition, lycorine was found to have an important effect on organ damage in sepsis. CONCLUSION Lycorine is a promising natural organ protective agent. This review will provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of organ protection, especially in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiang Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuezeng Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Luyang Du
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiyang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huadong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Central Theater Command General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaofei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Changyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
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Lv F, Li X, Wang Y. Lycorine inhibits angiogenesis by docking to PDGFRα. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:873. [PMID: 35948939 PMCID: PMC9364594 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09929-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycorine (Lyc) is a natural alkaloid derived from medicinal plants of the Amaryllidaceae family. Lyc has been reported to inhibit the recurrence and metastasis of different kinds of tumors. However, Lyc’s effect on angiogenesis and its specific mechanism are still not clear. This study was designed to test the antiangiogenesis effect of Lyc and to explore the possible mechanisms. We performed cell experiments to confirm Lyc’s inhibitory effect on angiogenesis and employed sunitinib as a positive control. Moreover, the synergistic effect of Lyc and sunitinib was also explored. Next, we conducted bioinformatics analyses to predict the potential targets of Lyc and verified them by western blotting and immunofluorescence. Molecular docking, kinase activity assays, Biacore assays and cellular thermal shift assays (CETSAs) were applied to elucidate the mechanism by which Lyc inhibited target activity. Lyc inhibited angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Employing bioinformatics, we found that Lyc’s target was PDGFRα and that Lyc attenuated PDGFRα phosphorylation. We also found that Lyc inhibited PDGFRα activation by docking to it to restrain its activity. Additionally, Lyc significantly inhibited PDGF-AA-induced angiogenesis. This study provides new insights into the molecular functions of Lyc and indicates its potential as a therapeutic agent for tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lv
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - XiaoQi Li
- Department of Oncology III, People's Hospital of Liaoning Provinve, Shenyang, , Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110000, Liaoning Province, China.
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Biotechnological Approaches to Optimize the Production of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070893. [PMID: 35883449 PMCID: PMC9313318 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AAs) are plant specialized metabolites with therapeutic properties exclusively produced by the Amaryllidaceae plant family. The two most studied representatives of the family are galanthamine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used as a treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, and lycorine, displaying potent in vitro and in vivo cytotoxic and antiviral properties. Unfortunately, the variable level of AAs’ production in planta restricts most of the pharmaceutical applications. Several biotechnological alternatives, such as in vitro culture or synthetic biology, are being developed to enhance the production and fulfil the increasing demand for these AAs plant-derived drugs. In this review, current biotechnological approaches to produce different types of bioactive AAs are discussed.
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Dong Y, Lv D, Zhao Z, Xu Z, Hu Z, Tang B. Lycorine Inhibits Hypertrophic Scar Formation by Inducing ROS-Mediated Apoptosis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:892015. [PMID: 35685086 PMCID: PMC9171077 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.892015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a fibrotic cutaneous disease with few effective therapies. Lycorine is a drug with pro-apoptotic ability and anti-fibrosis potential. This study aimed to test whether lycorine could trigger the apoptosis of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) to inhibit HS formation. Methods: The proapoptotic and anti-fibrosis effects of lycorine on the viability and apoptosis of human primary HSFs and their reactive oxygen species (ROS) production as well as a rabbit ear model of HS were determined by CCK-8, flow cytometry, Western blot, immunofluorescence, transwell migration, collagen gel contraction assays. Results: Lycorine treatment selectively decreased the viability of HSFs, and induced their apoptosis, but not normal fibroblasts (NFs). Lycorine treatment increased the relative levels of Bax and cleaved PARP expression, cytochrome C cytoplasm translocation, but decreased Bcl-2, caspase-3 and caspase-9 expression, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in HSFs. Lycorine inhibited the migration and contraction of HSFs, and reduced the expression of collagen I, collagen III and α-SMA. Mechanistically, lycorine treatment stimulated high levels of ROS production, leading to apoptosis of HSFs while treatment with NAC, a ROS inhibitor, significantly mitigated or abrogated the pro-apoptotic and antifibrotic activity of lycorine in HSFs. Moreover, lycorine treatment mitigated the severity of HS in rabbit ears by inducing fibroblast apoptosis. Conclusion: These results indicate that lycorine has a potent anti-fibrotic activity and is a potential drug for intervention of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxian Dong
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongming Lv
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zirui Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongye Xu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Tang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Thongphichai W, Uttarawichien T, Chanvorachote P, Pitiporn S, Charoen-Ame T, Kwankhao P, Towiwat P, Sukrong S. Standardization of the ethanolic extract of Crinum latifolium leaves by two bioactive markers with antiproliferative activity against TGF-β-promoted prostate stromal cells (WPMY-1). BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:139. [PMID: 35585532 PMCID: PMC9118764 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03617-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crinum latifolium L. (Amaryllidaceae) has been used in Southeast Asian traditional medicine to alleviate the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The pathological mechanism of BPH is associated with the induction of prostate stromal cell proliferation through transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). Standardization as well as investigation of the potential anti-BPH activity of C. latifolium extract could benefit the further development of BPH-related analyses and provide evidence to support the application of this extract for BPH treatment. This study aimed to standardize and investigate the antiproliferative activity of the ethanolic extract of C. latifolium leaves. The major alkaloids isolated from C. latifolium were also explored for their potential use as bioactive markers. METHODS Two major alkaloids were isolated from the ethanolic extract of C. latifolium leaves by chromatographic techniques, identified by NMR and MS, and quantified by a validated UHPLC method. Their antiproliferative activity was studied in human prostate stromal cells (WPMY-1) induced by TGF-β. The synergistic effect of combining the two major isolated alkaloids was analyzed by the zero interaction potency (ZIP) model. RESULTS Two alkaloids, lycorine (1) and 6α-hydroxybuphanidrine (2), were isolated from the ethanolic leaf extract of C. latifolium. A UHPLC method for the quantification of (1) and (2) was developed and validated in terms of linearity, precision, and accuracy. The C. latifolium leaf extract contained 0.279 ± 0.003% (1) and 0.232 ± 0.004% (2). The crude extract was more potent than either (1) and (2) alone against TGF-β-treated WPMY-1 cell proliferation. The drug combination study revealed that the greatest synergistic effect of (1) and (2) was achieved at a 1:1 ratio. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study support the anti-BPH activity of C. latifolium in traditional medicine and suggest that these the two isolated alkaloids may promote the efficacy of the C. latifolium extract. Additionally, major alkaloids (1) and (2) can be used as bioactive markers for the standardization of C. latifolium extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisuwat Thongphichai
- Center of Excellence in DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Tamonwan Uttarawichien
- Center of Excellence in DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Supaporn Pitiporn
- Chao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital Foundation, Prachinburi, 25000, Thailand
| | - Todsaphol Charoen-Ame
- Innovation and Product Development Center, SCG Packaging Company Ltd, Ratchaburi, 70110, Thailand
| | - Pakakrong Kwankhao
- Chao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital Foundation, Prachinburi, 25000, Thailand
| | - Pasarapa Towiwat
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Suchada Sukrong
- Center of Excellence in DNA Barcoding of Thai Medicinal Plants, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Low ZY, Yip AJW, Lal SK. Repositioning anticancer drugs as novel COVID-19 antivirals: targeting structural and functional similarities between viral proteins and cancer. Expert Rev Mol Med 2022; 24:1-23. [PMID: 35450545 PMCID: PMC9114731 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The current COVID-19 pandemic contributed by the SARS-CoV-2 has put in place an urgent need for new and promising antiviral therapeutics. The viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) enzyme plays a vital role in viral replication for all RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, thereby making it a prime and promising candidate for novel antiviral targeting. Interestingly, the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), a common catalytic subunit of the telomerase enzyme in many cancers, has also been identified with structural and functional similarities to the viral RdRp. Therefore, it becomes essential to evaluate and consider anticancer drugs that target hTERT towards antiviral RdRp activity, and vice versa. For instance, Floxuridine, an hTERT inhibitor, and VX-222, a hepatitis C virus RdRp inhibitor, are now gaining recognition as a potential antiviral against SARS-CoV-2 and anti-hTERT for cancer, simultaneously. While limited studies on hTERT inhibitors for use as viral RdRp, and anti-RdRp inhibitors as hTERT inhibitors are available, in this review, we aim at bringing to light this close structural and functional relationship between both these enzymes. We punctuate this idea with specific examples on how potential anticancer inhibitors can effectively be brought to use as inhibitors against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, a relatively new pathogen, compared to the very well-studied field of cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yao Low
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Ashley Jia Wen Yip
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Sunil Kumar Lal
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor DE, Malaysia
- Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor DE, Malaysia
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Abookleesh FL, Al-Anzi BS, Ullah A. Potential Antiviral Action of Alkaloids. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030903. [PMID: 35164173 PMCID: PMC8839337 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections and outbreaks have become a major concern and are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The development of successful antiviral therapeutics and vaccines remains a daunting challenge. The discovery of novel antiviral agents is a public health emergency, and extraordinary efforts are underway globally to identify safe and effective treatments for different viral diseases. Alkaloids are natural phytochemicals known for their biological activities, many of which have been intensively studied for their broad-spectrum of antiviral activities against different DNA and RNA viruses. The purpose of this review was to summarize the evidence supporting the efficacy of the antiviral activity of plant alkaloids at half-maximum effective concentration (EC50) or half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) below 10 μM and describe the molecular sites most often targeted by natural alkaloids acting against different virus families. This review highlights that considering the devastating effects of virus pandemics on humans, plants, and animals, the development of high efficiency and low-toxicity antiviral drugs targeting these viruses need to be developed. Furthermore, it summarizes the current research status of alkaloids as the source of antiviral drug development, their structural characteristics, and antiviral targets. Overall, the influence of alkaloids at the molecular level suggests a high degree of specificity which means they could serve as potent and safe antiviral agents waiting for evaluation and exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frage L. Abookleesh
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
| | - Bader S. Al-Anzi
- Department of Environment Technologies and Management, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Kuwait City 13060, Kuwait;
| | - Aman Ullah
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-78-0-492-4845
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Kittakoop P, Darshana D, Sangsuwan R, Mahidol C. Alkaloids and Alkaloid-Like Compounds are Potential Scaffolds of Antiviral Agents against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Virus. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-22-sr(r)3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Yuan Q, Zhang X, Wei W, Zhao J, Wu Y, Zhao S, Zhu L, Wang P, Hao J. Lycorine improves peripheral nerve function by promoting Schwann cell autophagy via AMPK pathway activation and MMP9 downregulation in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 175:105985. [PMID: 34863821 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus and no effective therapy is approved. Here, lycorine, a natural alkaloid, was identified as a potential drug for DPN by the bioinformatics analysis of GEO datasets and Connectivity Map database. Lycorine administration improved peripheral nerve function and autophagy-associated proteins of diabetic mice. Again, in vitro high glucose-cultured rat Schwann cells (RSC96) showed enhanced autophagosome marker LC3-II with the treatment of lycorine. Additionally, beclin-1 and Atg3 were decreased in high glucose-stimulated RSC96 cells, which were reversed by lycorine treatment. Furthermore, DPN-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from GEO datasets and lycorine-drug targets from PubChem and PharmMapper were visually analyzed and revealed that MMP9 was both DPN-associated DEGs and lycorine-drug target. Functional enrichment analysis of MMP9-relevant genes showed that cell energy metabolism was involved. Moreover, lycorine reduced high glucose-enhanced MMP9 expression in RSC96 cells. Overexpression of MMP9 attenuated lycorine-induced the expression of beclin-1, Atg3 and LC3-II in high glucose-cultured RSC96 cells. In addition, AMPK pathway activation was confirmed in lycorine-treated high glucose-cultured RSC96 cells. Then AMPK pathway inhibition attenuated lycorine-reduced MMP9 expression in high glucose-treated RSC96 cells. Molecular docking analysis revealed that lycorine bound the domain of AMPK containing Thr 172 site, which affected AMPK (Thr 172) phosphorylation. Finally, AMPK pathway activation and MMP9 downregulation were also revealed in the sciatic nerves of diabetic mice administrated with lycorine. Taken together, lycorine was advised to promote Schwann cell autophagy via AMPK pathway activation and MMP9 downregulation-induced LC3-II transformation in diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wandi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jialing Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuhao Wu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Song Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Electromyogram, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Peiran Wang
- Beijing 21st Century International School, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Hao
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; Center of Metabolic Diseases and Cancer Research, Institute of Medical and Health Science of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Jiang FW, Yang ZY, Bian YF, Cui JG, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Li JL. The novel role of the aquaporin water channel in lycopene preventing DEHP-induced renal ionic homeostasis disturbance in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 226:112836. [PMID: 34601266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), an extensively used plasticizer, can cause environmental pollution and organ injury. Lycopene (LYC) is a natural carotene that has the potential to prevent chronic diseases. To reveal the effect of DEHP and/or LYC on the kidney, male mice were treated with LYC (5 mg/kg) and/or DEHP (500 mg/kg or 1000 mg/kg) by gavage for 28 days. The study indicated that DEHP caused glomerular atrophy, tubular expansion, disappearance of the mitochondrial membrane, and cristae rupture. DEHP exposure can increase the expression of aquaporin (AQP) subunits and the activity of Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase and decrease the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase, which results in ion disorder. However, LYC can relieve kidney injury by regulating the activity of ATPase, the expression of ATPase subunits, and AQP subunit expression. The results indicated that AQP was a target for LYC in antagonizing the disturbance of DEHP-induced renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Wei Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Zhou-Yi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yu-Feng Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jia-Gen Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yi Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Chen Z, Ye X, Yuan K, Liu W, Liu K, Li Y, Huang C, Yu Z, Wu D. Lycorine nanoparticles induce apoptosis through mitochondrial intrinsic pathway and inhibit migration and invasion in HepG2 cells. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2021; 21:549-559. [PMID: 34851831 DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2021.3132104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lycorine-nanoparticles (LYC-NPs) were successfully synthesized using anti-solvent precipitation-freeze drying method, and characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Then, the antitumor effects of LYC-NPs against HepG2 cells were investigated, and the underlying molecular mechanisms were explored. Our results showed that LYC-NPs displayed potent antiproliferative against HepG2 cells concentration dependently. Flow cytometry analysis exhibited that LYC-NPs triggered apoptosis and impeded cell cycle in G0/G1 phase. Moreover, the up-regulated expression of cleaved caspases-3 and Bax, and decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential and the Bcl-2 expression were involved in LYC-NPs apoptosis, implying that LYC-NPs induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway. Furthermore, LYC-NPs distinctly impaired HepG2 cells migration and invasion with down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 expression. These results indicated that LYC-NPs could be an favorable agent for restraining the growth and metastasis of HepG2 cells.
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Maafi N, Mamun AA, Janďourek O, Maříková J, Breiterová K, Diepoltová A, Konečná K, Hošťálková A, Hulcová D, Kuneš J, Kohelová E, Koutová D, Šafratová M, Nováková L, Cahlíková L. Semisynthetic Derivatives of Selected Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids as a New Class of Antimycobacterial Agents. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196023. [PMID: 34641567 PMCID: PMC8512562 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for novel antimycobacterial drugs is a matter of urgency, since tuberculosis is still one of the top ten causes of death from a single infectious agent, killing more than 1.4 million people worldwide each year. Nine Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AAs) of various structural types have been screened for their antimycobacterial activity. Unfortunately, all were considered inactive, and thus a pilot series of aromatic esters of galanthamine, 3-O-methylpancracine, vittatine and maritidine were synthesized to increase biological activity. The semisynthetic derivatives of AAs were screened for their in vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra and two other mycobacterial strains (M. aurum, M. smegmatis) using a modified Microplate Alamar Blue Assay. The most active compounds were also studied for their in vitro hepatotoxicity on the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2. In general, the derivatization of the original AAs was associated with a significant increase in antimycobacterial activity. Several pilot derivatives were identified as compounds with micromolar MICs against M. tuberculosis H37Ra. Two derivatives of galanthamine, 1i and 1r, were selected for further structure optimalization to increase the selectivity index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Maafi
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
| | - Ondřej Janďourek
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (A.D.); (K.K.)
| | - Jana Maříková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
- Department of Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Kateřina Breiterová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
| | - Adéla Diepoltová
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (A.D.); (K.K.)
| | - Klára Konečná
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (A.D.); (K.K.)
| | - Anna Hošťálková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
| | - Daniela Hulcová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kuneš
- Department of Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Eliška Kohelová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
| | - Darja Koutová
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Simkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Marcela Šafratová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Nováková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Lucie Cahlíková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (N.M.); (A.A.M.); (J.M.); (K.B.); (A.H.); (D.H.); (E.K.); (M.Š.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-495-067-311
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Du Y, Zhao HC, Zhu HC, Jin Y, Wang L. Ferroptosis is involved in the anti-tumor effect of lycorine in renal cell carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:781. [PMID: 34594422 PMCID: PMC8456505 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a most common malignant tumor in the genitourinary system. Studies have shown that Lycorine has promising anticancer activities with minor side effects. However, the effect of lycorine on the proliferation of RCC cells and its underlying anti-tumor mechanism have not yet been fully elucidated. The human renal cancer cell lines 786-O, A498 and Caki-1 were cultured and treated with different concentrations of lycorine or ferrostatin-1, a ferroptosis inhibitor. Cell viability and colony formation assays were used to measure cell proliferation. The 5-, 12- and 15-HETE hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) and MDA levels, as well as the reduced to oxidized glutathione (GHS/GSSG) ratio, were analyzed. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 (ACSL4), which are key markers of ferroptosis. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the morphological features associated with ferroptosis. Lycorine was found to inhibit the proliferation of RCC cells. After lycorine treatment, the expression levels of GPX4 in RCC cells decreased, whereas those of ACSL4 increased. Lycorine induced the expression of 5-HETE, 12-HETE, 15-HETE and MDA in RCC cells, and reduced the GSH/GSSG ratio. In addition, ferrostatin-1 could prevent lycorine-induced ferroptosis in RCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Du
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Chao Zhao
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Heng-Cheng Zhu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Yao Jin
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
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Tallini LR, Giordani RB, de Andrade JP, Bastida J, Zuanazzi JAS. Structural Diversity and Biological Potential of Alkaloids from the Genus Hippeastrum, Amaryllidaceae: an Update. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2021; 31:648-657. [PMID: 34924642 PMCID: PMC8670614 DOI: 10.1007/s43450-021-00211-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The subfamily Amaryllidoideae, Amaryllidaceae, presents an exclusive group of structures known as Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, which have a broad spectrum of biological activities. These plants are classified into 59 genera, including Hippeastrum Herb., which comprises approximately 60 species distributed mainly in South America, being widely used as ornamental plants due to the beauty of its flowers. This review presents an update about the alkaloid profiling of Hippeastrum extracts published between 2012 and 2021, as well as an approach to the biological potential of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana R. Tallini
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000 Brazil
- Grup de Productes Naturals, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel B. Giordani
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59012-570 Brazil
| | - Jean Paulo de Andrade
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria, Vicerrectoría Académica, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, 3460000 Talca, Chile
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Grup de Productes Naturals, Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Angelo S. Zuanazzi
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90610-000 Brazil
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Akkol EK, Karatoprak GŞ, Carpar E, Hussain Y, Khan H, Aschner M. Effects of Natural Products on Neuromuscular Junction. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:594-610. [PMID: 34561984 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210924092627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromuscular junction (NMJ) disorders result from damage, malfunction or absence of one or more key proteins involved in neuromuscular transmission, comprising a wide range of disorders. The most common pathology is antibody-mediated or downregulation of ion channels or receptors, resulting in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, myasthenia gravis, and acquired neuromyotonia (Isaac's syndrome), and rarely congenital myasthenic syndromes caused by mutations in NMJ proteins. A wide range of symptomatic treatments, immunomodulating therapies, or immunosuppressive drugs have been used to treat NMJ diseases. Future research must be directed at better understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases, and developing novel disease-specific treatments. Numerous secondary metabolites, especially alkaloids isolated from plants have been used to treat NMJ diseases in traditional and clinical practices. An ethnopharmacological approach has provided leads for identifying new treatment for NMJ diseases. In this review, we performed a literature survey in Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar to gather information on drug discovery from plant sources for NMJ disease treatments. To date, most research has focused on the effect of herbal remedies on cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities. This review provides leads for identifying potential new drugs from plant sources for the treatment of NMJ diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Küpeli Akkol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara. Turkey
| | - Gökçe Şeker Karatoprak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri. Turkey
| | - Elif Carpar
- Department of Psychiatry, Private French La Paix Hospital, 34360, Istanbul. Turkey
| | - Yaseen Hussain
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Mardan. Pakistan
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Forchheimer 209 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, United States
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Antiviral and virucidal activities of lycorine on duck tembusu virus in vitro by blocking viral internalization and entry. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101404. [PMID: 34478911 PMCID: PMC8414183 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck tembusu virus (DTMUV) was firstly identified in 2010 in China; since then, it has caused enormous economic loss to breeding industry. Great efforts have been made to develop drugs and vaccines against DTMUV. However, current available vaccines or anti-DTMUV drugs are consistently inefficient. Hence, various more broadly effective drugs have become important for the treatment of DTMUV infection; among these, lycorine, one of the important sources of active alkaloids, is a promising example. Nevertheless, it is not known whether lycorine has any antiviral activities against DTMUV. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to investigate the anti-DTMUV abilities of lycorine. The cytotoxicity of lycorine was evaluated on BHK-21 cells by CCK-8 assay, and its antiviral effect against DTMUV was examined by real-time PCR assays, virus titer determination, Western blot and immunofluorescence (IFA) assays, respectively. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms of the anti-DTMUV effects of lycorine were also investigated. The results indicated that the highest nontoxicity concentration of lycorine on BHK-21 cells was 5 µM. Lycorine possessed the antiviral ability against DTMUV on BHK-21 cells, as demonstrated by the reduction of virus titers and copy numbers in vitro. Western blot and IFA analysis showed the inhibitory effect of lycorine on DTMUV envelope (E) protein expression. Moreover, using time-of-addition assays, we found that lycorine displays its antivirus and virucidal activities through blocking viral internalization and entry in vitro. Taken together, our findings firstly demonstrate the antiviral activities of lycorine against DTMUV, suggesting that lycorine can be a potential drug for the treatment of DTMUV infection.
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Ji S, Liu M, Galon EM, Rizk MA, Li J, Li Y, Zafar I, Igarashi I, Xuan X. In vitro screening of novel anti-Babesia gibsoni drugs from natural products. Parasitol Int 2021; 85:102437. [PMID: 34389492 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Babesia gibsoni is a tick-transmitted intraerythrocytic apicomplexan parasite that causes babesiosis in dogs. Due to the strong side effects and lack of efficacy of current drugs, novel drugs against B. gibsoni are urgently needed. Natural products as a source for new drugs is a good choice for screening drugs against B. gibsoni. The current study focuses on identifying novel potential drugs from natural products against B. gibsoniin vitro. Parasite inhibition was verified using a SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay. A total of 502 natural product compounds were screened for anti-B. gibsoni activity in vitro. Twenty-four compounds showed high growth inhibition (>80%) on B. gibsoni and 5 plant-derived compounds were selected for further study. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of lycorine (LY), vincristine sulfate (VS), emetine·2HCl (EME), harringtonine (HT) and cephaeline·HBr (CEP) were 784.4 ± 3.3, 643.0 ± 2.8, 253.1 ± 1.4, 23.4 ± 1.2, and 108.1 ± 4.3 nM, respectively. The Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell line was used to assess cytotoxicity of hit compounds. All compounds showed minimal toxicity to the MDCK cells. The effects of hit compounds combined with diminazene aceturate (DA) on B. gibsoni were further evaluated in vitro. VS, EME, HT or CEP combined with DA showed synergistic effects against B. gibsoni, whereas LY combined with DA showed an antagonistic effect against B. gibsoni. The results obtained in this study indicate that LY, VS, EME, HT and CEP are promising compounds for B. gibsoni treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Ji
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Mingming Liu
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China
| | - Eloiza May Galon
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Mohamed Abdo Rizk
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Jixu Li
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan; College of Agriculture and Animal Science, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Yongchang Li
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan; Parasitology Laboratory, Veterinary College, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Iqra Zafar
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Ikuo Igarashi
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Xuenan Xuan
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
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Hu H, Yang W, Liang Z, Zhou Z, Song Q, Liu W, Deng X, Zhu J, Xing X, Zhong B, Wang B, Wang S, Shao Z, Zhang Y. Amplification of oxidative stress with lycorine and gold-based nanocomposites for synergistic cascade cancer therapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:221. [PMID: 34315494 PMCID: PMC8314456 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00933-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advances of surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy during the past few decades, the therapeutic efficacy of current therapeutic protocol for osteosarcoma (OS) is still seriously compromised by multi-drug resistance and severe side effects. Amplification of intracellular oxidative stress is considered as an effective strategy to induce cancer cell death. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel strategy that can amplify the intracellular oxidative stress for synergistic cascade cancer therapy. METHODS AND RESULTS A novel nanocomposite, composed of folic acid (FA) modified mesoporous silica-coated gold nanostar (GNS@MSNs-FA) and traditional Chinese medicine lycorine (Ly), was rationally designed and developed. Under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, the obtained GNS@MSNs-FA/Ly could promote a high level of ROS production via inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and potent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Moreover, glutathione (GSH) depletion during ER stress could reduce ROS scavenging and further enable efficient amplification of intracellular oxidative stress. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that GNS@MSNs-FA/Ly coupled with NIR irradiation exhibited excellent antitumor efficacy without noticeable toxicity in MNNG/HOS tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSION All these results demonstrated that GNS@MSNs-FA/Ly coupled with NIR irradiation could dramatically amplify the intra-tumoral oxidative stress, exhibiting excellent antitumor ability without obvious systemic toxicity. Taken together, this promising strategy provides a new avenue for the effective cancer synergetic therapy and future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Hu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
- grid.452209.8Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijazhuang, 050051 China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Zihui Liang
- grid.34418.3a0000 0001 0727 9022Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed By the Province and Ministry, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Zezhu Zhou
- grid.34418.3a0000 0001 0727 9022Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-Constructed By the Province and Ministry, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Qingcheng Song
- grid.452209.8Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijazhuang, 050051 China
| | - Weijian Liu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
- grid.452209.8Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijazhuang, 050051 China
| | - Xiangtian Deng
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
| | - Jian Zhu
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 China
| | - Xin Xing
- grid.452209.8Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijazhuang, 050051 China
| | - Binglong Zhong
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Baichuan Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Shangyu Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yingze Zhang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
- grid.452209.8Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijazhuang, 050051 China
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