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Mota IDS, Cardoso M, Bueno J, da Silva IGM, Gonçalves J, Bao SN, Neto BAD, Brand G, Corrêa JR, Leite JRSA, Saldanha-Araujo F. Intragenic antimicrobial peptide Hs02 toxicity against leukemia cell lines is associated with increased expression of select pyroptotic components. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 101:105945. [PMID: 39343072 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2024.105945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The anticancer potential of some antimicrobial peptides has been reported. Hs02 is a recently characterized Intragenic Antimicrobial Peptide (IAP), which was able to exhibit potent antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory action. In this study, we evaluate for the first time the antineoplastic potential of the Hs02 IAP using cell lines representing the main types of leukemia as cancer models. Interestingly, this peptide decreased the viability of several leukemic cell lines, without compromising the viability of PBMCs in the same concentration. In the HL-60 line, treatment with Hs02 controlled cell division, leading to cell arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. More importantly, HL-60 cells treated with Hs02 undergo cell death, with the formation of pores in the plasma membrane and the release of LDH. Accordingly, Hs02 treatment stimulated the expression of components involved in pyroptosis, such as NLRP1, CASP-1, GSDME, and IL-1β. Taken together, our data characterize the antineoplastic potential of Hs02 and open an opportunity for both evaluating the peptide's antineoplastic potential in other cancer models and using this molecule as a template for new peptides with therapeutic potential against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella de Souza Mota
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Miguel Cardoso
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília-DF, 70910-900, Brazil; iMed.ULisboa-Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal
| | - João Bueno
- Laboratório de Síntese e Análise de Biomoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Gracielle Martins da Silva
- Laboratório de Microscopia e Microanálise, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - João Gonçalves
- iMed.ULisboa-Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Sonia N Bao
- Laboratório de Microscopia e Microanálise, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Brenno A D Neto
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Tecnológica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Brand
- Laboratório de Síntese e Análise de Biomoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - José Raimundo Corrêa
- Laboratório de Microscopia e Microanálise, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - José Roberto S A Leite
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília-DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil.
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Park K, Shin KO, Kim YI, Nielsen-Scott AL, Mainzer C, Celli A, Bae Y, Chae S, Ann H, Choi Y, Park JH, Park SH, Hwang JT, Kang SG, Wakefield JS, Arron ST, Holleran WM, Mauro TM, Elias PM, Uchida Y. Sphingosine-1-phosphate-cathelicidin axis plays a pivotal role in the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)02069-4. [PMID: 39218144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common skin cancer, caused by mutagenesis resulting from excess ultraviolet radiation or other types of oxidative stress. These stressors also upregulate production of a cutaneous innate immune element, cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP), via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-initiated, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway. While CAMP has beneficial antimicrobial activities, it also can be pro-inflammatory and pro-carcinogenic. We addressed whether and how S1P-induced CAMP production leads to cSCC development. Our study demonstrated that: 1) CAMP expression is increased in cSCC cells and skin from cSCC patients; 2) S1P levels are elevated in cSCC cells, while inhibition of S1P production attenuates CAMP-stimulated cSCC growth; 3) exogenous CAMP stimulates cSCC, but not normal human keratinocyte growth; 4) blockade of formyl peptide receptor-like (FPRL) 1 protein, a CAMP receptor, attenuates cSCC growth as well as the growth and invasion of cSCC cells mediated by CAMP into an extracellular matrix-containing fibroblast substrate; 5) Foxp3+ regulatory T cell (which decreases anti-tumor immunity) levels increase in cSCC skin; and 6) CAMP induces ER stress in cSCC cells. Together, the ER stress-S1P-CAMP axis forms a vicious circle, creating a favorable environment for cSCC development, i.e., cSCC growth and invasion impedes anti-cancer immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungho Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea; Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California, USA.
| | - Kyong-Oh Shin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea; LaSS Inc., Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Il Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anna L Nielsen-Scott
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Carine Mainzer
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anna Celli
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yoojin Bae
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Chae
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hahyun Ann
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerim Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea; LaSS Inc., Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Park
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonju, Honam, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonju, Honam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeonju, Honam, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Hoseo, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Goo Kang
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, School of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joan S Wakefield
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sarah T Arron
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Walter M Holleran
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Theodora M Mauro
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peter M Elias
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yoshikazu Uchida
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea; Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco; Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California, USA.
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3
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van Gent ME, Schonkeren-Ravensbergen B, Achkif A, Beentjes D, Dolezal N, van Meijgaarden KE, Drijfhout JW, Nibbering PH. C-Terminal PEGylation Improves SAAP-148 Peptide's Immunomodulatory Activities. J Innate Immun 2023; 15:724-738. [PMID: 37725929 PMCID: PMC10601628 DOI: 10.1159/000534068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic antibacterial and anti-biofilm peptide (SAAP)-148 was developed to combat bacterial infections not effectively treatable with current antibiotics. SAAP-148 is highly effective against antimicrobial-resistant bacteria without inducing resistance; however, challenges for further development of SAAP-148 include its cytotoxicity and short circulation half-life. To circumvent these drawbacks, a library of SAAP-148 linked to polyethylene glycol (PEG) groups of various lengths was synthesized and screened for in vitro antibacterial activity and hemolytic activity. Results indicated that PEGylated SAAP-148 variants combine antibacterial activities with reduced hemolysis compared to SAAP-148. Interestingly, proinflammatory immunomodulatory activities of SAAP-148 were enhanced upon C-terminal PEGylation, with SAAP-148-PEG27 showing the most effect. SAAP-148-PEG27 enhanced SAAP-148's capacity to chemoattract human neutrophils and was able to more efficiently (re)direct M-CSF-induced monocyte-macrophage differentiation toward type 1 macrophages as opposed to SAAP-148. Furthermore, dendritic cells with a stronger mature expression profile were produced if monocytes were exposed to SAAP-148-PEG27 during monocyte-immature dendritic cell differentiation in comparison to SAAP-148. Parameters that influenced the immunomodulatory activities of the peptide-PEG conjugate include (i) the length of the PEG group, (ii) the position of PEG conjugation, and (iii) the peptide sequence. Together, these results indicate that SAAP-148-PEG27 is highly effective in redirecting monocyte-macrophage differentiation toward a proinflammatory phenotype and promoting monocyte-mature dendritic cell development. Therefore, SAAP-148-PEG27 may be a promising agent to modulate inadequate immune responses in case of tumors and chronically infected wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam E. van Gent
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Asma Achkif
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daan Beentjes
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja Dolezal
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan Wouter Drijfhout
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H. Nibbering
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Zhang C, Hong X, Yu H, Xu H, Qiu X, Cai W, Hocher B, Dai W, Tang D, Liu D, Dai Y. Gene regulatory network study of rheumatoid arthritis in single-cell chromatin landscapes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Mod Rheumatol 2023; 33:739-750. [PMID: 35796437 DOI: 10.1093/mr/roac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Assays for transposase-accessible chromatin with single-cell sequencing (scATAC-seq) contribute to the progress in epigenetic studies. The purpose of our project was to discover the transcription factors (TFs) that were involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) at a single-cell resolution using epigenetic technology. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of seven RA patients and seven natural controls were extracted nuclei suspensions for library construction. Subsequently, scATAC-seq was performed to generate a high-resolution map of active regulatory DNA for bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS We obtained 22 accessible chromatin patterns. Then, 10 key TFs were involved in RA pathogenesis by regulating the activity of mitogen-activated protein kinase. Consequently, two genes (PTPRC and SPAG9) regulated by 10 key TFs were found, which may be associated with RA disease pathogenesis, and these TFs were obviously enriched in RA patients (P < .05, fold change value > 1.2). With further quantitative polymerase chain reaction validation on PTPRC and SPAG9 in monocytes, we found differential expression of these two genes, which were regulated by eight TFs [ZNF384, HNF1B, DMRTA2, MEF2A, NFE2L1, CREB3L4 (var. 2), FOSL2::JUNB (var. 2), and MEF2B], showing highly accessible binding sites in RA patients. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the value of using scATAC-seq to reveal transcriptional regulatory variation in RA-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells, providing insights into therapy from an epigenetic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cantong Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoping Hong
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiyan Yu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Huixuan Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofen Qiu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanxia Cai
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Berthold Hocher
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Weier Dai
- College of Natural Science, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Donge Tang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongzhou Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Dai
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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5
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Hao Z, Liu G, Ren L, Liu J, Liu C, Yang T, Wu X, Zhang X, Yang L, Xia J, Li W. A Self-Healing Multifunctional Hydrogel System Accelerates Diabetic Wound Healing through Orchestrating Immunoinflammatory Microenvironment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:19847-19862. [PMID: 37042619 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c23323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Developing an effective treatment strategy of drug delivery to improve diabetic wound healing remains a major challenge in clinical practice nowadays, due to multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, angiopathy, and oxidative damage in the wound microenvironment. Herein, an effective and convenient strategy was designed through a self-healing multiple-dynamic-bond cross-linked hydrogel with interpenetrating networks, which was formed by multiple-dynamic-bond cross-linking of reversible catechol-Fe3+ coordinate bonds, hydrogen bonding, and Schiff base bonds. The excellent autonomous healing of the hydrogel was initiated and accelerated by Schiff bonds with reversible breakage between 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde containing catechol and aldehyde groups and chitosan chains, and further consolidated by the co-optation of other noncovalent interactions contributed of hydrogen bonding and Fe3+ coordinate bonds. Intriguingly, cathelicidin LL-37 was introduced and uniformly dispersed in the dynamic interpenetrating networks of the hydrogel as a bioactive molecular to orchestrate the diabetic wound healing microenvironment. This multifunctional wound dressing can significantly promote diabetic wound healing by antibacterial activity, immunomodulation, anti-inflammation, neovascularization, and antioxidant activity. Therefore, this study provided an effective and safe strategy for guiding the diabetic wound treatment in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Hao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510050, China
| | - Gen Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510050, China
| | - Lin Ren
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510050, China
| | - Jiangchen Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510050, China
| | - Chuanzi Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510050, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510050, China
| | - Xiangnan Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510050, China
| | - Xinchun Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510050, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510050, China
| | - Juan Xia
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510050, China
| | - Weichang Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510050, China
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Stakheev D, Taborska P, Kalkusova K, Bartunkova J, Smrz D. LL-37 as a Powerful Molecular Tool for Boosting the Performance of Ex Vivo-Produced Human Dendritic Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122747. [PMID: 36559241 PMCID: PMC9780902 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ex vivo-produced dendritic cells (DCs) constitute the core of active cellular immunotherapy (ACI) for cancer treatment. After many disappointments in clinical trials, the current protocols for their preparation are attempting to boost their therapeutic efficacy by enhancing their functionality towards Th1 response and capability to induce the expansion of cytotoxic tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. LL-37 is an antimicrobial peptide with strong immunomodulatory potential. This potential was previously found to either enhance or suppress the desired anti-tumor DC functionality when used at different phases of their ex vivo production. In this work, we show that LL-37 can be implemented during the whole process of DC production in a way that allows LL-37 to enhance the anti-tumor functionality of produced DCs. We found that the supplementation of LL-37 during the differentiation of monocyte-derived DCs showed only a tendency to enhance their in vitro-induced lymphocyte enrichment with CD8+ T cells. The supplementation of LL-37 also during the process of DC antigen loading (pulsation) and maturation significantly enhanced the cell culture enrichment with CD8+ T cells. Moreover, this enrichment was also associated with the downregulated expression of PD-1 in CD8+ T cells, significantly higher frequency of tumor cell-reactive CD8+ T cells, and superior in vitro cytotoxicity against tumor cells. These data showed that LL-37 implementation into the whole process of the ex vivo production of DCs could significantly boost their anti-tumor performance in ACI.
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Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Cardoso MH, Alencar-Silva T, Bogéa GMR, Carvalho JL, Franco OL, Saldanha-Araujo F. Dissecting the relationship between antimicrobial peptides and mesenchymal stem cells. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 233:108021. [PMID: 34637839 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Among the various biological properties presented by Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), their ability to control the immune response and fight pathogen infection through the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been the subject of intense research in recent years. AMPs secreted by MSCs exhibit activity against a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and viruses. The main AMPs produced by these cells are hepcidin, cathelicidin LL-37, and β-defensin-2. In addition to acting against pathogens, those AMPs have also been shown to interact with MSCs to modulate MSC proliferation, migration, and regeneration, indicating that such peptides exert a more diverse biological effect than initially thought. In the present review, we discuss the production of AMPs by MSCs, revise the multiple functions of these peptides, including their influence over MSCs, and present an overview of clinical situations in which the antimicrobial properties of MSCs may be explored for therapy. Finally, we discuss possibilities of combining MSCs and AMPs to generate improved therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Marlon Henrique Cardoso
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Thuany Alencar-Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Muller Reche Bogéa
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Hematologia e Células-Tronco, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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8
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Abdelhafiz AS, Fouad MA, Sayed-Ahmed MM, Kamel MM, Ali A, Fouda M, Khalil MA, Abdel-Moneim AS, Kamal LM. Upregulation of FOXP3 is associated with severity of hypoxia and poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Virology 2021; 563:74-81. [PMID: 34478955 PMCID: PMC8397927 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) transcription of FOXP3, IFN-γ, TNF, IL-6 and COX-2 from both COVID-19 infected and control subjects were evaluated using SYBRTM green real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Severe/critical cases showed significantly lower lymphocyte counts and higher neutrophil counts than the mild or moderate cases. There were significantly lower levels of mRNA expressions of IFN-γ, TNFα and FOXP3 in COVID-19 patients than in the control group. On the other hand, IL-6 and COX-2 expressions were significantly higher in patients suffering from severe disease. FOXP3 expressions were correlated with the severities of hypoxia and were excellent in predicting the disease severity. This was followed by the IL-6, COX-2 and TNFα expressions. FOXP3 expression was the only biomarker to show a significant correlation with patient mortality. It was concluded that SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with the downregulation of FOXP3 and upregulations of IL-6 and COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Abdelhafiz
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mariam A Fouad
- Pharmacology and Experimental Oncology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mohamed M Sayed-Ahmed
- Pharmacology and Experimental Oncology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Kamel
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Ali
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Abbassia Chest Hospital, MOH, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Merhan Fouda
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Khalil
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Imbaba Fever Hospital, MOH, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Abdel-Moneim
- Microbiology Department, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 1109, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Lamyaa M Kamal
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Elsahel Teaching Hospital, MOH, Cairo, Egypt
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Freire RV, Pillco-Valencia Y, da Hora GC, Ramstedt M, Sandblad L, Soares TA, Salentinig S. Antimicrobial peptide induced colloidal transformations in bacteria-mimetic vesicles: Combining in silico tools and experimental methods. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 596:352-363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Effects of Antibiotics upon the Gut Microbiome: A Review of the Literature. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8110502. [PMID: 33207631 PMCID: PMC7696078 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract carries a large number of microorganisms associated with complex metabolic processes and interactions. Although antibiotic treatment is crucial for combating infections, its negative effects on the intestinal microbiota and host immunity have been shown to be of the utmost importance. Multiple studies have recognized the adverse consequences of antibiotic use upon the gut microbiome in adults and neonates, causing dysbiosis of the microbiota. Repeated antibiotic treatments in clinical care or low-dosage intake from food could be contributing factors in this issue. Researchers in both human and animal studies have strived to explain this multifaceted relationship. The present review intends to elucidate the axis of the gastrointestinal microbiota and antibiotics resistance and to highlight the main aspects of the issue.
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Chernomordik F, Cercek B, Lio WM, Mihailovic PM, Yano J, Herscovici R, Zhao X, Zhou J, Chyu KY, Shah PK, Dimayuga PC. The Role of T Cells Reactive to the Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 in Acute Coronary Syndrome and Plaque Calcification. Front Immunol 2020; 11:575577. [PMID: 33123157 PMCID: PMC7573569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human cationic anti-microbial peptide LL-37 is a T cell self-antigen in patients with psoriasis, who have increased risk of cardiovascular events. However, the role of LL-37 as a T cell self-antigen in the context of atherosclerosis remains unclear. The objective of this study was to test for the presence of T cells reactive to LL-37 in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Furthermore, the role of T cells reactive to LL-37 in atherosclerosis was assessed using apoE-/- mice immunized with the LL-37 mouse ortholog, mCRAMP. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with ACS were stimulated with LL-37. PBMCs from stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients or self-reported subjects served as controls. T cell memory responses were analyzed with flow cytometry. Stimulation of PBMCs with LL-37 reduced CD8+ effector T cell responses in controls and patients with stable CAD but not in ACS and was associated with reduced programmed cell death protein 1 (PDCD1) mRNA expression. For the mouse studies, donor apoE-/- mice were immunized with mCRAMP or adjuvant as controls, then T cells were isolated and adoptively transferred into recipient apoE-/- mice fed a Western diet. Recipient mice were euthanized after 5 weeks. Whole aortas and hearts were collected for analysis of atherosclerotic plaques. Spleens were collected for flow cytometric and mRNA expression analysis. Adoptive transfer experiments in apoE-/- mice showed a 28% reduction in aortic plaque area in mCRAMP T cell recipient mice (P < 0.05). Fifty six percent of adjuvant T cell recipient mice showed calcification in atherosclerotic plaques, compared to none in the mCRAMP T cell recipient mice (Fisher's exact test P = 0.003). Recipients of T cells from mice immunized with mCRAMP had increased IL-10 and IFN-γ expression in CD8+ T cells compared to controls. In conclusion, the persistence of CD8+ effector T cell response in PBMCs from patients with ACS stimulated with LL-37 suggests that LL-37-reactive T cells may be involved in the acute event. Furthermore, studies in apoE-/- mice suggest that T cells reactive to mCRAMP are functionally active in atherosclerosis and may be involved in modulating plaque calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Chernomordik
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bojan Cercek
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Wai Man Lio
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Peter M Mihailovic
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Juliana Yano
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Romana Herscovici
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Xiaoning Zhao
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jianchang Zhou
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kuang-Yuh Chyu
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Prediman K Shah
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Paul C Dimayuga
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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12
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Ogan A, Yüce‐Dursun B, Abdullah D, Beyler‐Çiğil A, Kahraman MV, Çağlayan P, Birbir M, Mutlu Ö, Gülsoy N. Preparation and antimicrobial properties of LL‐37 peptide immobilized lignin/caprolactone polymer film. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Ogan
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of ChemistryMarmara University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Başak Yüce‐Dursun
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of ChemistryMarmara University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Deka Abdullah
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of ChemistryMarmara University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Aslı Beyler‐Çiğil
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Process Technology SchoolAmasya University Technical Sciences Vocational Amasya Turkey
| | - Memet Vezir Kahraman
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of ChemistryMarmara University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Pınar Çağlayan
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of BiologyMarmara University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Meral Birbir
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of BiologyMarmara University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Özal Mutlu
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of BiologyMarmara University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Nagihan Gülsoy
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of BiologyMarmara University Istanbul Turkey
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Yang B, Good D, Mosaiab T, Liu W, Ni G, Kaur J, Liu X, Jessop C, Yang L, Fadhil R, Yi Z, Wei MQ. Significance of LL-37 on Immunomodulation and Disease Outcome. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8349712. [PMID: 32509872 PMCID: PMC7246396 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8349712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
LL-37, also called cathelicidin, is an important part of the human immune system, which can resist various pathogens. A plethora of experiments have demonstrated that it has the multifunctional effects of immune regulation, in addition to antimicrobial activity. Recently, there have been increasing interest in its immune function. It was found that LL-37 can have two distinct functions in different tissues and different microenvironments. Thus, it is necessary to investigate LL-37 immune functions from the two sides of the same coin. On the one side, LL-37 promotes inflammation and immune response and exerts its anti-infective and antitumor effects; on the other side, it has the ability to inhibit inflammation and promote carcinogenesis. This review presents a brief summary of its expression, structure, and immunomodulatory effects as well as brief discussions on the role of this small peptide as a key factor in the development and treatment of various inflammation-related diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Yang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics in Universities of Shandong, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
| | - David Good
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Qld 4014, Australia
| | - Tamim Mosaiab
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics in Universities of Shandong, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
| | - Guoying Ni
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
- The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Qld 4558, Australia
| | - Jasmine Kaur
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Qld 4558, Australia
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Calvin Jessop
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
| | - Lu Yang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics in Universities of Shandong, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
| | - Rushdi Fadhil
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
| | - Zhengjun Yi
- School of Medical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics in Universities of Shandong, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Ming Q. Wei
- School of Medical Science & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4215, Australia
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Lee JY, Hong YK, Ko KS. Cathelicidin LL-37 (an antimicrobial peptide)-induced colistin dependence in Acinetobacter baumannii. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 96:114965. [PMID: 32019695 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2019.114965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated the development of colistin dependence in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates after exposure to the human cationic antimicrobial peptide LL-37. The LL-37-induced colistin-dependent mutants showed susceptibility to many other antibiotics and IS1595 or ATTT insertions in LpxACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Lee
- Division of Antimicrobial Resistance, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju 28159, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Hong
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Kwan Soo Ko
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Silva-Carvalho AÉ, Neves FAR, Saldanha-Araujo F. The immunosuppressive mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells are differentially regulated by platelet poor plasma and fetal bovine serum supplemented media. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 79:106172. [PMID: 31926480 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) can interact with and modulate the functions of all immune cells, suppressing both the innate and adaptive immune responses. Currently, most of the in vitro studies which have led to the description of MSC properties have resulted from MSC culture in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS), in spite of the recognition of FBS limitations and attempts to substitute this component from the MSC media. METHODS Herein, we compare FBS and Platelet Poor Plasma (PPP) as MSC media supplements, according to Adipose-derived MSC (AMSC) phenotype, proliferation and immunoregulatory mechanisms. RESULTS Interestingly, despite maintaining the classic phenotypic profile of MSCs, PPP cultured AMSCs showed impaired proliferative potential. Furthermore, our results clearly show that AMSC culture with PPP leads to decreased expression of soluble immunosuppressive factors, which resulted in decreased capacity of inducing regulatory T-cells (Tregs) generation by these cells. In contrast, PPP supplementation promoted enhanced VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression on AMSC surface. Therefore, AMSCs cultured with PPP showed limited potential to produce soluble immunomodulatory factors, indicating a reduced capacity to control the immune system thought paracrine activity. CONCLUSION Overall, our data sheds light on the importance of culture media supplementation for MSC immunomodulatory behavior, as well as serving as an alert regarding the complexity of replacing FBS in MSC culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandda Évelin Silva-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Laboratório de Hematologia, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Francisco Assis Rocha Neves
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araujo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Laboratório de Hematologia, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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