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Dwivedi SD, Bhoi A, Pradhan M, Sahu KK, Singh D, Singh MR. Role and uptake of metal-based nanoconstructs as targeted therapeutic carriers for rheumatoid arthritis. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:142. [PMID: 38693915 PMCID: PMC11058151 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03990-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune systemic inflammatory disease that affects the joints and other vital organs and diminishes the quality of life. The current developments and innovative treatment options have significantly slowed disease progression and improved their quality of life. Medicaments can be delivered to the inflamed synovium via nanoparticle systems, minimizing systemic and undesirable side effects. Numerous nanoparticles such as polymeric, liposomal, and metallic nanoparticles reported are impending as a good carrier with therapeutic properties. Other issues to be considered along are nontoxicity, nanosize, charge, optical property, and ease of high surface functionalization that make them suitable carriers for drug delivery. Metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) (such as silver, gold, zinc, iron, titanium oxide, and selenium) not only act as good carrier with desired optical property, and high surface modification ability but also have their own therapeutical potential such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arthritic properties, making them one of the most promising options for RA treatment. Regardless, cellular uptake of MNPs is one of the most significant criterions for targeting the medication. This paper discusses the numerous interactions of nanoparticles with cells, as well as cellular uptake of NPs. This review provides the mechanistic overview on MNPs involved in RA therapies and regulation anti-arthritis response such as ability to reduce oxidative stress, suppressing the release of proinflammatory cytokines and expression of LPS induced COX-2, and modulation of MAPK and PI3K pathways in Kuppfer cells and hepatic stellate cells. Despite of that MNPs have also ability to regulates enzymes like glutathione peroxidases (GPxs), thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs) and act as an anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradha Devi Dwivedi
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010 India
| | - Anita Bhoi
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G 492010 India
| | - Madhulika Pradhan
- Gracious College of Pharmacy, Abhanpur Raipur, Chhattisgarh 493661 India
| | - Keshav Kant Sahu
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G 492010 India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010 India
| | - Manju Rawat Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010 India
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Siddiqui R, Boghossian A, Alqassim SS, Kawish M, Gul J, Jabri T, Shah MR, Khan NA. Anti-Balamuthia mandrillaris and anti-Naegleria fowleri effects of drugs conjugated with various nanostructures. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:170. [PMID: 37017767 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03518-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Balamuthia mandrillaris and Naegleria fowleri are protist pathogens that can cause fatal infections. Despite mortality rate of > 90%, there is no effective therapy. Treatment remains problematic involving repurposed drugs, e.g., azoles, amphotericin B and miltefosine but requires early diagnosis. In addition to drug discovery, modifying existing drugs using nanotechnology offers promise in the development of therapeutic interventions against these parasitic infections. Herein, various drugs conjugated with nanoparticles were developed and evaluated for their antiprotozoal activities. Characterizations of the drugs' formulations were accomplished utilizing Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, efficiency of drug entrapment, polydispersity index, zeta potential, size, and surface morphology. The nanoconjugates were tested against human cells to determine their toxicity in vitro. The majority of drug nanoconjugates exhibited amoebicidal effects against B. mandrillaris and N. fowleri. Amphotericin B-, Sulfamethoxazole-, Metronidazole-based nanoconjugates are of interest since they exhibited significant amoebicidal effects against both parasites (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Sulfamethoxazole and Naproxen significantly diminished host cell death caused by B. mandrillaris by up to 70% (p < 0.05), while Amphotericin B-, Sulfamethoxazole-, Metronidazole-based drug nanoconjugates showed the highest reduction in host cell death caused by N. fowleri by up to 80%. When tested alone, all of the drug nanoconjugates tested in this study showed limited toxic effects against human cells in vitro (less than 20%). Although these are promising findings, prospective work is warranted to comprehend the mechanistic details of nanoconjugates versus amoebae as well as their in vivo testing, to develop antimicrobials against the devastating infections caused by these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, University City, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34010, Turkey
| | - Anania Boghossian
- College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, University City, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saif S Alqassim
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 505055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Kawish
- International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Jasra Gul
- International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Tooba Jabri
- International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Raza Shah
- International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34010, Turkey.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, University City, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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Responsive Nanostructure for Targeted Drug Delivery. JOURNAL OF NANOTHERANOSTICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/jnt4010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, intelligent, responsive biomaterials have been widely explored, considering the fact that responsive biomaterials provide controlled and predictable results in various biomedical systems. Responsive nanostructures undergo reversible or irreversible changes in the presence of a stimulus, and that stimuli can be temperature, a magnetic field, ultrasound, pH, humidity, pressure, light, electric field, etc. Different types of stimuli being used in drug delivery shall be explained here. Recent research progress in the design, development and applications of biomaterials comprising responsive nanostructures is also described here. More emphasis will be given on the various nanostructures explored for the smart stimuli responsive drug delivery at the target site such as wound healing, cancer therapy, inflammation, and pain management in order to achieve the improved efficacy and sustainability with the lowest side effects. However, it is still a big challenge to develop well-defined responsive nanostructures with ordered output; thus, challenges faced during the design and development of these nanostructures shall also be included in this article. Clinical perspectives and applicability of the responsive nanostructures in the targeted drug delivery shall be discussed here.
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Liang Z, Zhang P, Xiong Y, Johnson SK, Fang Z. Phenolic and carotenoid characterization of the ethanol extract of an Australian native plant Haemodorum spicatum. Food Chem 2023; 399:133969. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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5
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Fabrication of hesperidin hybrid lecithin-folic acid silver nanoparticles and its evaluation as anti-arthritis formulation in autoimmune arthritic rat model. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Liu J, Zhang H, Su Y, Zhang B. Application and prospect of targeting innate immune sensors in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:68. [PMID: 35619184 PMCID: PMC9134593 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00810-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of auto-reactive T cells and autoantibody-producing B cells and excessive inflammation are responsible for the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases. The suppression of autoreactive T cell activation and autoantibody production, as well as inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production have been utilized to ameliorate autoimmune disease symptoms. However, the existing treatment strategies are not sufficient to cure autoimmune diseases since patients can quickly suffer a relapse following the end of treatments. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), Nod-like receptors (NLRs), RIG-I like receptors (RLRs), C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) and various nucleic acid sensors, are expressed in both innate and adaptive immune cells and are involved in the development of autoimmune diseases. Here, we have summarized advances of PRRs signaling pathways, association between PRRs and autoimmune diseases, application of inhibitors targeting PRRs and the corresponding signaling molecules relevant to strategies targeting autoimmune diseases. This review emphasizes the roles of different PRRs in activating both innate and adaptive immunity, which can coordinate to trigger autoimmune responses. The review may also prompt the formulation of novel ideas for developing therapeutic strategies against autoimmune diseases by targeting PRRs-related signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology (China Medical University), National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yanhong Su
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baojun Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China. .,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China. .,Basic and Translational Research Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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Targeting Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Pathways in Inflammatory Arthritis: Two Better Than One? Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091291. [PMID: 34572504 PMCID: PMC8464963 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory arthritis is a cluster of diseases caused by unregulated activity of the immune system. The lost homeostasis is followed by the immune attack of one’s self, what damages healthy cells and tissues and leads to chronic inflammation of various tissues and organs (e.g., joints, lungs, heart, eyes). Different medications to control the excessive immune response are in use, however, drug resistances, flare-reactions and adverse effects to the current therapies are common in the affected patients. Thus, it is essential to broaden the spectrum of alternative treatments and to develop disease-modifying drugs. In the last 20 years, the involvement of the innate immune receptors TLRs in inflammatory arthritis has been widely investigated and targeting either the receptor itself or the proteins in the downstream signalling cascades has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. Yet, concerns about the use of pharmacological agents that inhibit TLR activity and may leave the host unprotected against invading pathogens and toxicity issues amid inhibition of downstream kinases crucial in various cellular functions have arisen. This review summarizes the existing knowledge on the role of TLRs in inflammatory arthritis; in addition, the likely druggable related targets and the developed inhibitors, and discusses the pros and cons of their potential clinical use.
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Cai F, Li S, Huang H, Iqbal J, Wang C, Jiang X. Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles for immune response regulation: Mechanisms, applications, and perspectives. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 110:424-442. [PMID: 34331516 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Immune responses are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and chronic inflammation. These responses are attributed to immune cells that produce cytokines, mediate cytotoxicity, and synthesize antibodies. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are novel agents that intervene with immune responses because of their unique physical-chemical properties. In particular, GNPs enhance anti-tumour activity during immunotherapy and eliminate excessive inflammation in autoimmune diseases. However, GNPs synthesized by conventional methods are toxic to living organisms. Green biosynthesis provides a safe and eco-friendly method to obtain GNPs from microbes or plant extracts. In this review, we describe several patterns for green GNP biosynthesis. The applications of GNPs to target immune cells and modulate the immune response are summarized. In particular, we elaborate on how GNPs regulate innate immunity and adaptive immunity, including inflammatory signaling and immune cell differentiation. Finally, perspectives and challenges in utilizing green biosynthesized GNPs for novel therapeutic approaches are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Cai
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyi Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Huang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Canran Wang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Jiang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Unterberger S, Davies KA, Rambhatla SB, Sacre S. Contribution of Toll-Like Receptors and the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathophysiology. Immunotargets Ther 2021; 10:285-298. [PMID: 34350135 PMCID: PMC8326786 DOI: 10.2147/itt.s288547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive autoimmune disease that is characterized by inflammation of the synovial joints leading to cartilage and bone damage. The pathogenesis is sustained by the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6, which can be targeted therapeutically to alleviate disease severity. Several innate immune receptors are suggested to contribute to the chronic inflammation in RA, through the production of pro-inflammatory factors in response to endogenous danger signals. Much research has focused on toll-like receptors and more recently the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat pyrin containing protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, which is required for the processing and release of IL-1β. This review summarizes the current understanding of the potential involvement of these receptors in the initiation and maintenance of inflammation and tissue damage in RA and experimental arthritis models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Unterberger
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9PS, UK
| | - Kevin A Davies
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9PS, UK
| | | | - Sandra Sacre
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9PS, UK
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10
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Abdel-Aziz MA, Ahmed HMS, El-Nekeety AA, Sharaf HA, Abdel-Aziem SH, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles for the treatment of osteoarthritis alone or in combination with Diacerein ® in a rat model. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:705-719. [PMID: 34117571 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00833-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Gold (Au) compounds were used as an effective therapeutic agent for various inflammatory diseases; however, the use of Au compounds becomes limited because of its association with several side effects. Hence, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were developed as a new option for the medical proposes. However, the safety evaluation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in osteoarthritis (OA) treatment remains vague. This study aimed to biosynthesize, characterize and evaluate the therapeutic effects of biosynthesized AuNPs and/or Diacerein® (DIA) in experimental OA. OA was induced by a single injection of monosodium iodoacetate (3 mg/joint) in the intra-articular knee of female rats. Normal rats (N-rats) and OA-rats were treated orally for 5 weeks as follow: untreated N-rats; untreated OA-rats; N-rats received DIA (50 mg/kg b.w); N-rats received AuNPs (30 μg/kg b.w.); N-rats received AuNPs plus DIA; OA-rats received DIA; OA-rats received AuNPs, and OA-rats received AuNPs plus DIA. Blood, knee cartilage, liver and kidney samples were collected for biochemical and histological analysis. The synthesized AuNPs were nearly spherical with average size of 20 nm and zeta potential of 33 mV. AuNPs and DIA induced a significant improvement in serum inflammatory cytokines, biochemical parameters, estrogen level, hepatic and renal oxidative markers, hepatic DNA fragmentation, genomic template stability and cartilage joint histology of OA-rats. AuNPs were more effective than DIA and the combined treatment was more effective than the single treatment. It could be concluded that AuNPs are promising for the treatment of OA alone or in combination with DIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Helmy M S Ahmed
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Aziza A El-Nekeety
- Department of Food Toxicology and Contaminants, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hafiza A Sharaf
- Department of Pathology, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mosaad A Abdel-Wahhab
- Department of Food Toxicology and Contaminants, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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11
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Dietary supplementation of silver-silica nanoparticles promotes histological, immunological, ultrastructural, and performance parameters of broiler chickens. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4166. [PMID: 33603060 PMCID: PMC7892842 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been used as a promising alternative to antibiotics in poultry feed. In this study, silver-doped silica nanoparticles (SiO2@AgNPs) were prepared in powder form, using starch, via the chemical reduction method and sol-gel technique followed by full characterization. SiO2@AgNPs were added to the poultry diet at three doses (2, 4, and 8 mg/kg diet). The safety of the oral dietary supplementation was estimated through the evaluation of the growth performance and hematological, biochemical, and oxidative parameters of birds. Moreover, the immunohistochemical examination of all body organs was also performed. Results of this study showed that SiO2@AgNPs have no negative effects on the growth performance and hematological, biochemical, and oxidative parameters of birds. Moreover, the immunohistochemical examination revealed the minimum inflammatory reactions and lymphoid depletion under a dose level of 8 mg/kg. In conclusion, SiO2@AgNPs could be considered as a promising and safe nano-growth promoter in broilers when added to poultry diet under a dose level of 4 mg/kg diet.
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Abd-Elhakim YM, Al-Sagheer AA. Opuntia spp. Benefits in Chronic Diseases. OPUNTIA SPP.: CHEMISTRY, BIOACTIVITY AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS 2021:423-455. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78444-7_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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13
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El-Sharkawy RG, Taha RH, Ghanem HB. Immobilization of novel inorganic nano-complexes onto MWCNT nanomaterials as a novel adsorbent and anti-inflammatory therapy in an induced model of rheumatoid arthritis. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:305706. [PMID: 32235044 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab851a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Novel supported inorganic metal nano-complexes of Ag(I) and Co(II) derived from 4-amino-N-(4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl) benzene sulfonamide (SulMer) were synthesized using olive leaf extract as a reducing agent with grinding and microwave methods. The prepared samples were denoted as Comp1-6. The surface morphologies of the synthesized nanomaterials were analyzed using C, H, N, S analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, UV- visible spectroscopy, proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and x-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis. The data revealed that all the synthesized complexes exhibited a 1:1 metal-to-ligand ratio with a coordination number of 4 or 6. The mean particle size of the nanomaterial samples was 25-35 nm. The XRD patterns indicated a crystalline nature for the complexes. The supported inorganic metal nano-complexes displayed good activity in the adsorptive removal of Direct Red 81 (DR-81) from aqueous solutions. In addition, the effect of the supported metal nano-complexes on the immune system was studied as well as how these anti-inflammatory compounds could be used to treat many autoimmune diseases, most notably rheumatoid arthritis. An experimental model for arthritis can be induced using complete Freund's adjuvant. It was shown that the supported complex offers several advantages such stability, eco-friendliness, simple experimental conditions, short reaction times, and easy work- up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab G El-Sharkawy
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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14
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Monnet E, Choy EH, McInnes I, Kobakhidze T, de Graaf K, Jacqmin P, Lapeyre G, de Min C. Efficacy and safety of NI-0101, an anti-toll-like receptor 4 monoclonal antibody, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis after inadequate response to methotrexate: a phase II study. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 79:316-323. [PMID: 31892533 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) form immune complexes with citrullinated proteins binding toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, which has been proposed as a mediator of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). NI-0101 is a first-in-class humanised monoclonal antibody blocking TLR4, as confirmed by inhibition of in vivo lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine release in healthy volunteers. This study was design to confirm preclinical investigations supporting a biomarker-driven approach for treatment of patients with RA who present positive for these immune complexes. METHODS Placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised (2:1) trial of the tolerability and efficacy of NI-0101 (5 mg/kg, every 2 weeks for 12 weeks) versus placebo in ACPA-positive RA patients with inadequate response to methotrexate. Efficacy measures included Disease Activity Score (28-joint count) with C reactive protein (DAS28-CRP), European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) good and moderate responses, and American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 20, ACR50 and ACR70 responses. Subgroup analyses defined on biomarkers were conducted. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety were reported. RESULTS 90 patients were randomised (NI-0101 (61) and placebo (29)); 86 completed the study. No significant between-group difference was observed for any of the efficacy endpoints. Subgroup analyses using baseline parameters as covariants did not reveal any population responding to NI-0101. Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 51.7% of patients who received placebo versus 52.5% for NI-0101. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate for the first time that in RA, a human immune-mediated inflammatory disease, blocking the TLR4 pathway alone does not improve disease parameters. Successful targeting of innate immune pathways in RA may require broader and/or earlier inhibitory approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Monnet
- Clinical Development, NovImmune SA, Plan les Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ernest H Choy
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Iain McInnes
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tamta Kobakhidze
- University Clinic, High Technology Medical Center, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Kathy de Graaf
- Clinical Development, NovImmune SA, Plan les Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Geneviève Lapeyre
- Clinical Development, NovImmune SA, Plan les Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cristina de Min
- Clinical Development, NovImmune SA, Plan les Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
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Emami J, Ansarypour Z. Receptor targeting drug delivery strategies and prospects in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Res Pharm Sci 2019; 14:471-487. [PMID: 32038727 PMCID: PMC6937749 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.272534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic inflammatory disease, is characterized by cartilage damage, bone tissue destruction, morphological changes in synovial fluids, and synovial joint inflammation. The inflamed synovial tissue has potential for passive and active targeting because of enhanced permeability and retention effect and the existence of RA synovial macrophages and fibroblasts that selectively express surface receptors such as folate receptor β, CD44 and integrin αVβ. Although there are numerous interventions in RA treatment, they are not safe and effective. Therefore, it is important to develop new drug or drug delivery systems that specifically targets inflamed/swollen joints but attenuates other possible damages to healthy tissues. Recently some receptors such as toll-like receptors (TLRs), the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors, and Fc-γ receptor have been identified in synovial tissue and immune cells that are involved in induction or suppression of arthritis. Analysis of the TLR pathway has moreover suggested new insights into the pathogenesis of RA. In the present paper, we have reviewed drug delivery strategies based on receptor targeting with novel ligand-anchored carriers exploiting CD44, folate and integrin αVβ as well as TLRs expressed on synovial monocytes and macrophages and antigen presenting cells, for possible active targeting in RA. TLRs could not only open a new horizon for developing new drugs but also their antagonists or humanized monoclonal antibodies that block TLRS specially TLR4 and TLR9 signaling could be used as targeting agents to antigen presenting cells and dendritic cells. As a conclusion, common conventional receptors and multifunctional ligands that arte involved in targeting receptors or developing nanocarriers with appropriate ligands for TLRs can provide profoundly targeting drug delivery systems for the effective treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaber Emami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Zahra Ansarypour
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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Nag OK, Delehanty JB. Active Cellular and Subcellular Targeting of Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E543. [PMID: 31635367 PMCID: PMC6836276 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11100543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP)-mediated drug delivery (NMDD) for active targeting of diseases is a primary goal of nanomedicine. NPs have much to offer in overcoming the limitations of traditional drug delivery approaches, including off-target drug toxicity and the need for the administration of repetitive doses. In the last decade, one of the main foci in NMDD has been the realization of NP-mediated drug formulations for active targeted delivery to diseased tissues, with an emphasis on cellular and subcellular targeting. Advances on this front have included the intricate design of targeted NP-drug constructs to navigate through biological barriers, overcome multidrug resistance (MDR), decrease side effects, and improve overall drug efficacy. In this review, we survey advancements in NP-mediated drug targeting over the last five years, highlighting how various NP-drug constructs have been designed to achieve active targeted delivery and improved therapeutic outcomes for critical diseases including cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease. We conclude with a survey of the current clinical trial landscape for active targeted NP-drug delivery and how we envision this field will progress in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okhil K Nag
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6900, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA.
| | - James B Delehanty
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6900, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA.
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