1
|
Hu B, Pei J, Wan C, Liu S, Xu Z, Zou Y, Li Z, Tang Z. Mechanisms of Postischemic Stroke Angiogenesis: A Multifaceted Approach. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:4625-4646. [PMID: 39045531 PMCID: PMC11264385 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s461427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke constitutes a significant global health care challenge, and a comprehensive understanding of its recovery mechanisms is imperative for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Angiogenesis, a pivotal element of ischemic tissue repair, facilitates the restoration of blood flow to damaged regions, thereby promoting neuronal regeneration and functional recovery. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying postischemic stroke angiogenesis remain incompletely elucidated. This review meticulously examines the constituents of the neurovascular unit, ion channels, molecular mediators, and signaling pathways implicated in angiogenesis following stroke. Furthermore, it delves into prospective therapeutic strategies informed by these factors. Our objective is to provide detailed and exhaustive information on the intricate mechanisms governing postischemic stroke angiogenesis, thus providing a robust scientific foundation for the advancement of novel neurorepair therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingchun Pei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qujing Medical College, Qujing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongwei Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhigao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cai T, Chen S, Wu C, Lou C, Wang W, Lin C, Jiang H, Xu X. Erythropoietin suppresses osteoblast apoptosis and ameliorates steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head in rats by inhibition of STAT1-caspase 3 signaling pathway. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:894. [PMID: 37978375 PMCID: PMC10655348 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-07028-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head (SANFH) is characterized by osteoblast apoptosis, leading to a loss of bone structure and impaired hip joint function. It has been demonstrated that erythropoietin (EPO) performs a number of biological roles. OBJECTIVE We examined the effects of EPO on SANFH and its regulation of the STAT1-caspase 3 signaling pathway. METHOD In vitro, osteoblasts were treated with dexamethasone (Dex) or EPO. We identified the cytotoxicity of EPO by CCK-8, the protein expression of P-STAT1, cleaved-caspase9, cleaved-caspase3, Bcl-2, BAX, and cytochrome c by Western blotting, and evaluated the apoptosis of osteoblasts by flow cytometry. In vivo, we analyzed the protective effect of EPO against SANFH by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Immunohistochemical staining, and Micro-computed tomography (CT). RESULTS In vitro, EPO had no apparent toxic effect on osteoblasts. In Dex-stimulated cells, EPO therapy lowered the protein expression of BAX, cytochrome c, p-STAT1, cleaved-caspase9, and cleaved-caspase3 while increasing the expression of Bcl-2. EPO can alleviate the apoptosis induced by Dex. In vivo, EPO can lower the percentage of empty bone lacunae in SANFH rats. CONCLUSION The present study shows that EPO conferred beneficial effects in rats with SANFH by inhibiting STAT1-caspase 3 signaling, suggesting that EPO may be developed as a treatment for SANFH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingwen Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chenghu Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chao Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weidan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chihao Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongyi Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xinxian Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Myronenko O, Foris V, Crnkovic S, Olschewski A, Rocha S, Nicolls MR, Olschewski H. Endotyping COPD: hypoxia-inducible factor-2 as a molecular "switch" between the vascular and airway phenotypes? Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:220173. [PMID: 36631133 PMCID: PMC9879331 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0173-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
COPD is a heterogeneous disease with multiple clinical phenotypes. COPD endotypes can be determined by different expressions of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), which, in combination with individual susceptibility and environmental factors, may cause predominant airway or vascular changes in the lung. The pulmonary vascular phenotype is relatively rare among COPD patients and characterised by out-of-proportion pulmonary hypertension (PH) and low diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, but only mild-to-moderate airway obstruction. Its histologic feature, severe remodelling of the small pulmonary arteries, can be mediated by HIF-2 overexpression in experimental PH models. HIF-2 is not only involved in the vascular remodelling but also in the parenchyma destruction. Endothelial cells from human emphysema lungs express reduced HIF-2α levels, and the deletion of pulmonary endothelial Hif-2α leads to emphysema in mice. This means that both upregulation and downregulation of HIF-2 have adverse effects and that HIF-2 may represent a molecular "switch" between the development of the vascular and airway phenotypes in COPD. The mechanisms of HIF-2 dysregulation in the lung are only partly understood. HIF-2 levels may be controlled by NAD(P)H oxidases via iron- and redox-dependent mechanisms. A better understanding of these mechanisms may lead to the development of new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleh Myronenko
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Vasile Foris
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Slaven Crnkovic
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Division of Physiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sonia Rocha
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular, and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mark R Nicolls
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Horst Olschewski
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Anwar H, Navaid S, Muzaffar H, Hussain G, Faisal MN, Ijaz MU, Riđanović S. Analyzing cross-talk of EPO and EGF genes along with evaluating therapeutic potential of Cinnamomum verum in cigarette-smoke-induced lung pathophysiology in rat model. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:1486-1498. [PMID: 36911850 PMCID: PMC10002988 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The integrity of the distal alveolar epithelium is crucial for lung regeneration following an injury. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Cinnamomum verum extract; cross-talk of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and erythropoietin (EPO) genes in a smoke-induced lung injury rat model. For experimentation (n = 27), albino rats were divided equally into three groups, i.e., negative control (NC), positive control (PC), and treatment group (TG). Cigarette smoke was exposed to PC and TG (4 CG/day). C. verum was given orally (350 mg/kg body weight) for 21 days. Decapitation (n = 3) was done on 14th, 18th, and 21st days, respectively. Analyses (hematology, biochemical, high performance liquid chromatography [HPLC], histology, and gene expression) were carried out and results were statistically analyzed by two-way analysis of variance. HPLC analysis of ethanolic extract of C. verum was done to identify the presence of phenolic constituents which showed high concentrations of quercetin and P-coumaric acid. Serum oxidative parameters such as total oxidant status, malondialdehyde, and hematological parameters such as red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and white blood cells were significantly (p < .05) elevated in the PC group; however, these parameters were significantly (p < .05) improved in TG. While total antioxidant capacity and serum parameters such as total protein, albumin, and globulin were significantly (p < .05) reduced in the PC group but significantly improved (p < .05) in TG. Histological analysis revealed that smoke exposure resulted in a measurable increase in alveolar septal thickening while ethanolic extract of C. verum greatly ameliorated the histopathological changes in the lung alveoli. The gene expression analysis of EGF and EPO genes showed a significant upregulation (p < .05) of both genes in PC group while in TG, the level of both genes downregulated, in which lung damage was ameliorated due to cytoprotective effects of ethanolic extract of C. verum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Soha Navaid
- Department of Physiology Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Humaira Muzaffar
- Department of Physiology Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Department of Physiology Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Faisal
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Sanel Riđanović
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education Džemal Bijedić University of Mostar Mostar Bosnia and Herzegovina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Feng Y, Sun X. Recombinant human erythropoietin accelerated the proliferation of non‐small cell lung cancer cell lines and reduced the expression of VEGF, HIF‐1α, and PD‐L1 under a simulated hypoxic environment in vitro. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2022; 8:124-133. [PMID: 35774428 PMCID: PMC9215718 DOI: 10.1002/cdt3.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi Xinjiang 830011 China
| | - Yangchun Feng
- Department of Laboratory Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi Xinjiang 830011 China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- Department of Blood Transfusion Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi Xinjiang 830011 China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Erythropoietin Interacts with Specific S100 Proteins. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010120. [PMID: 35053268 PMCID: PMC8773746 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a clinically significant four-helical cytokine, exhibiting erythropoietic, cytoprotective, immunomodulatory, and cancer-promoting activities. Despite vast knowledge on its signaling pathways and physiological effects, extracellular factors regulating EPO activity remain underexplored. Here we show by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, that among eighteen members of Ca2+-binding proteins of the S100 protein family studied, only S100A2, S100A6 and S100P proteins specifically recognize EPO with equilibrium dissociation constants ranging from 81 nM to 0.5 µM. The interactions occur exclusively under calcium excess. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the EPO-S100 interactions could be relevant to progression of neoplastic diseases, including cancer, and other diseases. The detailed knowledge of distinct physiological effects of the EPO-S100 interactions could favor development of more efficient clinical implications of EPO. Summing up our data with previous findings, we conclude that S100 proteins are potentially able to directly affect functional activities of specific members of all families of four-helical cytokines, and cytokines of other structural superfamilies.
Collapse
|
7
|
Papadopoulos KI, Sutheesophon W, Manipalviratn S, Aw TC. Age and genotype dependent erythropoietin protection in COVID-19. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1513-1529. [PMID: 34786155 PMCID: PMC8567454 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i10.1513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is the main mediator of erythropoiesis and an important tissue protective hormone that appears to mediate an ancestral neuroprotective innate immune response mechanism at an early age. When the young brain is threatened-prematurity, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, malaria- EPO is hyper-secreted disproportionately to any concurrent anemic stimuli. Under eons of severe malarial selection pressure, neuroprotective EPO augmenting genetic determinants such as the various hemoglobinopathies, and the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) I/D polymorphism, have been positively selected. When malarial and other cerebral threats abate and the young child survives to adulthood, EPO subsides. Sustained high ACE and angiotensin II (Ang II) levels through the ACE D allele in adulthood may then become detrimental as witnessed by epidemiological studies. The ubiquitous renin angiotensin system (RAS) influences the α-klotho/fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) circuitry, and both are interconnected with EPO. Here we propose that at a young age, EPO augmenting genetic determinants through ACE D allele elevated Ang II levels in some or HbE/beta thalassemia in others would increase EPO levels and shield against coronavirus disease 2019, akin to protection from malaria and dengue fever. Human evolution may use ACE2 as a “bait” for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) to gain cellular entry in order to trigger an ACE/ACE2 imbalance and stimulate EPO hypersecretion using tissue RAS, uncoupled from hemoglobin levels. In subjects without EPO augmenting genetic determinants at any age, ACE2 binding and internalization upon SARS-CoV-2 entry would trigger an ACE/ACE2 imbalance, and Ang II oversecretion leading to protective EPO stimulation. In children, low nasal ACE2 Levels would beneficially augment this imbalance, especially for those without protective genetic determinants. On the other hand, in predisposed adults with the ACE D allele, ACE/ACE2 imbalance, may lead to uncontrolled RAS overactivity and an Ang II induced proinflammatory state and immune dysregulation, with interleukin 6 (IL-6), plasminogen activator inhibitor, and FGF23 elevations. IL-6 induced EPO suppression, aggravated through co-morbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and RAS pharmacological interventions may potentially lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome, cytokine storm and/or autoimmunity. HbE/beta thalassemia carriers would enjoy protection at any age as their EPO stimulation is uncoupled from the RAS system. The timely use of rhEPO, EPO analogs, acetylsalicylic acid, bioactive lipids, or FGF23 antagonists in genetically predisposed individuals may counteract those detrimental effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Somjate Manipalviratn
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Jetanin Institute for Assisted Reproduction, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tar-Choon Aw
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore 529889, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Korokin МВ, Kubekina MV, Deykin AV, Antsiferov OV, Pokrovskii VM, Korokina LV, Kartashkina NL, Soldatova VA, Kuzubova EV, Radchenko AI, Pokrovskii MV. STUDY OF THE PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF NOVEL EPOR/CD131 HETERORECEPTOR AGONISTS IN MICE WITH ENDOTHELIAL-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION OF MUTANT POLG GENE. PHARMACY & PHARMACOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.19163/2307-9266-2021-9-4-294-305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the research was to study antiatherosclerotic and endothelial kinds of a protective activity of peptides mimicking an erythropoietin a-helix B tertiary structure with laboratory codes EP-11-1 (UEHLERALNSS), EP-11-2. (UEQLERALNCS), EP-11-3 (UEQLERALNTS).Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 96 C57Bl/6J male double transgenic Polgmut/mut/Cdh5-CRE mice. Atherosclerosis was induced by a balloon injury accompanied by Western diet. Then, for 27 days, the drugs under study were administered once per 3 days at the dose of 20 μg/kg. On the 28th day, the animals were euthanized and the area of atherosclerotic plaques was collected for an assessment. The expression of genes associated with the processes of inflammation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis was determined in the tissues of the aorta. In addition, the endothelial protective effect of peptides in isolated segments of the thoracic aorta of wild and transgenic ransgenic Polgmut/mut mice was studied.Results. The assessment of the plaque size in the animals with the Polgmut/mut/Cdh5-CRE genotype against the background of the peptides under study did not reveal statistically significant differences in comparison to control. However, a quantitative PCR showed a statistically significant decreased expression of pro-apoptotic factors p-53 and Bax, and also increase the expression of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 against the background of the peptides EP-11-1 and EP-11-2 administration. The administration of EP-11-1 and the original peptide pHBSP resulted in a statistically significant decrease in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Compounds EP-11-1, EP-11-2, and EP-11-3 were more effective than the original peptide pHBSP, in reducing the increased expression of genes for inflammatory markers iNos, intercellular adhesion molecules Icam-1, Vcam-1 and E-selectin. The use of EP-11-1 led to a more efficient, in comparison with pHBSP, restoration of endothelial-dependent vasodilation of the aortic segments in mice with endothelial-specific overexpression of the mutant Polg gene.Conclusion. The study carried out on a murine model of the endothelial-specific expression of mutant gamma polymerase has shown that derivatives of the pHBSP peptide with laboratory codes EP-11-1, EP-11-2, EP-11-3, obtained by BLAST-searching for groups of pHBSP related peptides, have atheroprotective and endothelial protective kinds of a protective activity, which is more pronounced in comparison with the original peptide pHBSP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- М. В. Korokin
- Belgorod State National Research University
85, Pobedа Str., Belgorod, Russia, 308015
| | - M. V. Kubekina
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences
Bldg. 5, 34, Vavilov Str., Moscow, Russia, 119334
| | - A. V. Deykin
- 1. Belgorod State National Research University
85, Pobedа Str., Belgorod, Russia, 308015
2. Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences
Bldg. 5, 34, Vavilov Str., Moscow, Russia, 119334
| | - O. V. Antsiferov
- Belgorod State National Research University
85, Pobedа Str., Belgorod, Russia, 308015
| | - V. M. Pokrovskii
- Belgorod State National Research University
85, Pobedа Str., Belgorod, Russia, 308015
| | - L. V. Korokina
- Belgorod State National Research University
85, Pobedа Str., Belgorod, Russia, 308015
| | - N. L. Kartashkina
- First Moscow State Medical University named after I. M. Sechenov (Sechenov University)
Bldg. 2, 8, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - V. A. Soldatova
- Belgorod State National Research University
85, Pobedа Str., Belgorod, Russia, 308015
| | - E. V. Kuzubova
- Belgorod State National Research University
85, Pobedа Str., Belgorod, Russia, 308015
| | - A. I. Radchenko
- Belgorod State National Research University
85, Pobedа Str., Belgorod, Russia, 308015
| | - M. V. Pokrovskii
- Belgorod State National Research University
85, Pobedа Str., Belgorod, Russia, 308015
| |
Collapse
|