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Shamsad A, Gautam T, Singh R, Banerjee M. Association of mRNA expression and polymorphism of antioxidant glutathione-S-transferase (GSTM1 and GSTT1) genes with the risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). Gene 2024; 928:148746. [PMID: 39004322 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a medical complication during the gestational period in which woman who had never been diagnosed with diabetes develops hyperglycemia. Prior studies have demonstrated that the advancement of GDM and its consequences arises from a disparity between oxidants and antioxidants in the cells. The observed outcomes can be attributed to an excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cells, coupled with a reduced activity of anti-oxidative enzymes. Glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) is recognized as an antioxidant enzyme that is belong to as a phase II family member of detoxifying enzymes. These metabolic multigene catalysts are found into the cytoplasm of the cell. GSTs play a vital part in the elimination of cellular ROS or free radicals. The study involves total 300 pregnant women, (150 GDM cases and 150 healthy controls). The polymorphism study of GSTs genes (GSTM1 and GSTT1) was determined by conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The mRNA expression study of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes analysed by qPCR/ RT-PCR (quantitative PCR/Real-Time PCR) followed by statistical analysis done using Prism8 software (version 8.01). The study revealed statistically significant variations in biochemical parameters between GDM cases and controls. It was found GSTM1-null (GSTM1-/-) polymorphism significantly (P < 0.0001) most prevalent in GDM cases (56.7%) when compared to healthy control (28%). However, no significant difference was observed for GSTT1 null and present polymorphism (P = 0.906). The gene expression levels of both GSTM1 and GSTT1 were found considerably downregulated in individuals with GDM as compared to the control group (P < 0.0001). The downregulation of gene expression has a significant (P<0.0001) association with the null/deletion polymorphism of both GSTM1/ GSTT1 genes respectively. Null/deletion genotype of GSTM1 gene and its expression showed significant association with GDM. Therefore, this gene variant has the potential to be used as a prognostic biomarker for GDM. However, there is need to study this gene variant in larger sample size and different ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amreen Shamsad
- Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tanu Gautam
- Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Renu Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Monisha Banerjee
- Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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2
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Strzyga-Łach P, Kurpios-Piec D, Chrzanowska A, Szczepaniak J, Bielenica A. 1,3-Disubstituted thiourea derivatives: Promising candidates for medicinal applications with enhanced cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 982:176885. [PMID: 39128803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
The distinct chemical structure of thiourea derivatives provides them with an advantage in selectively targeting cancer cells. In our previous study, we selected the most potent compounds, 2 and 8, with 3,4-dichloro- and 3-trifluoromethylphenyl substituents, respectively, across colorectal (SW480 and SW620), prostate (PC3), and leukemia (K-562) cancer cell lines, as well as non-tumor HaCaT cells. Our research has demonstrated their anticancer potential by targeting key molecular pathways involved in cancer progression, including caspase 3/7 activation, NF-κB (Nuclear Factor Kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) activation decrease, VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) secretion, ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) production, and metabolite profile alterations. Notably, these processes exhibited no significant alterations in HaCaT cells. The effectiveness of the studied compounds was also tested on spheroids (3D culture). Both derivatives 2 and 8 increased caspase activity, decreased ROS production and NF-κB activation, and suppressed the release of VEGF in cancer cells. Metabolomic analysis revealed intriguing shifts in cancer cell metabolic profiles, particularly in lipids and pyrimidines metabolism. Assessment of cell viability in 3D spheroids showed that SW620 cells exhibited better sensitivity to compound 2 than 8. In summary, structural modifications of the thiourea terminal components, particularly dihalogenophenyl derivative 2 and para-substituted analog 8, demonstrate their potential as anticancer agents while preserving safety for normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Strzyga-Łach
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Ul. Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dagmara Kurpios-Piec
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Ul. Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Alicja Chrzanowska
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Ul. Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jarosław Szczepaniak
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences ul., Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Bielenica
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Ul. Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
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V G S, Mangalsana H, Vernekar A. Breaking Barriers in Photothermal Tumor Therapy: A Cascade of Strain-Engineered Nanozyme in Action. ChemMedChem 2024:e202400443. [PMID: 39267496 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Cancer, a deadly and constantly evolving disease, has always been difficult to treat due to the complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer nanomedicines are proving to be a much better alternative for treatment due to their stability and ability to provide an efficient targeted therapy. An amorphous alloy bimetallene with an introduction of 2 % tensile strain with photothermal multiple enzyme-like catalytic activity is being presented here that functions as a TME-responsive nanozyme. Labeled as RhRu, this bimetallene, under acidic conditions, functions as oxidase (OXD) - like, peroxidase (POD) - like and catalase (CAT) - like enzymes, by producing radicals and disrupting the tumor cells. This effect is enhanced especially upon irradiation of laser and introduction of tensile strain in its heterophase boundaries. This current highlight discusses the strain engineering tactic of la-RhRu bimetallene and its potency as an anti-tumor therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinidhi V G
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Huidrom Mangalsana
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, Tamil Nadu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Amit Vernekar
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, 600020, Tamil Nadu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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Chary PS, Shaikh S, Rajana N, Bhavana V, Mehra NK. Unlocking nature's arsenal: Nanotechnology for targeted delivery of venom toxins in cancer therapy. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 162:213903. [PMID: 38824828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present review is to shed light on the nanotechnological approaches adopted to overcome the shortcomings associated with the delivery of venom peptides which possess inherent anti-cancer properties. BACKGROUND Venom peptides although have been reported to demonstrate anti-cancer effects, they suffer from several disadvantages such as in vivo instability, off-target adverse effects, limited drug loading and low bioavailability. This review presents a comprehensive compilation of different classes of nanocarriers while underscoring their advantages, disadvantages and potential to carry such peptide molecules for in vivo delivery. It also discusses various nanotechnological aspects such as methods of fabrication, analytical tools to assess these nanoparticulate formulations, modulation of nanocarrier polymer properties to enhance loading capacity, stability and improve their suitability to carry toxic peptide drugs. CONCLUSION Nanotechnological approaches bear great potential in delivering venom peptide-based molecules as anticancer agents by enhancing their bioavailability, stability, efficacy as well as offering a spatiotemporal delivery approach. However, the challenges associated with toxicity and biocompatibility of nanocarriers must be duly addressed. PERSPECTIVES The everlasting quest for new breakthroughs for safer delivery of venom peptides in human subjects is fuelled by unmet clinical needs in the current landscape of chemotherapy. In addition, exhaustive efforts are required in obtaining and purifying the venom peptides followed by designing and optimizing scale up technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padakanti Sandeep Chary
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Samia Shaikh
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Naveen Rajana
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Valamla Bhavana
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Neelesh Kumar Mehra
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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Sharma V, Chaudhary AA, Bawari S, Gupta S, Mishra R, Khan SUD, Ali MAM, Shahid M, Srivastava S, Verma D, Gupta A, Kumar S, Kumar S. Unraveling cancer progression pathways and phytochemical therapeutic strategies for its management. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1414790. [PMID: 39246660 PMCID: PMC11377287 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1414790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer prevention is currently envisioned as a molecular-based approach to prevent carcinogenesis in pre-cancerous stages, i.e., dysplasia and carcinoma in situ. Cancer is the second-leading cause of mortality worldwide, and a more than 61% increase is expected by 2040. A detailed exploration of cancer progression pathways, including the NF-kβ signaling pathway, Wnt-B catenin signaling pathway, JAK-STAT pathway, TNF-α-mediated pathway, MAPK/mTOR pathway, and apoptotic and angiogenic pathways and effector molecules involved in cancer development, has been discussed in the manuscript. Critical evaluation of these effector molecules through molecular approaches using phytomolecules can intersect cancer formation and its metastasis. Manipulation of effector molecules like NF-kβ, SOCS, β-catenin, BAX, BAK, VEGF, STAT, Bcl2, p53, caspases, and CDKs has played an important role in inhibiting tumor growth and its spread. Plant-derived secondary metabolites obtained from natural sources have been extensively studied for their cancer-preventing potential in the last few decades. Eugenol, anethole, capsaicin, sanguinarine, EGCG, 6-gingerol, and resveratrol are some examples of such interesting lead molecules and are mentioned in the manuscript. This work is an attempt to put forward a comprehensive approach to understanding cancer progression pathways and their management using effector herbal molecules. The role of different plant metabolites and their chronic toxicity profiling in modulating cancer development pathways has also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Sharma
- Metro College of Health Sciences and Research, Greater Noida, India
- School of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sweta Bawari
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Richa Mishra
- Department of Computer Engineering, Parul University, Vadodara, India
| | - Salah-Ud-Din Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A M Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Devvrat Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Arti Gupta
- Lloyd School of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Biological and Bio-computational Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- School of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
- DST-FIST Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
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Aceto GM, Pagotto S, Del Pizzo FD, Saoca C, Selvaggi F, Visone R, Cotellese R, Aguennouz M, Lattanzio R, Catalano T. Differential Regulation of Wingless-Wnt/c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Crosstalk via Oxidative Eustress in Primary and Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Cells. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1816. [PMID: 39200280 PMCID: PMC11351841 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In the tumor microenvironment (TME), ROS production affects survival, progression, and therapy resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). H2O2-mediated oxidative stress can modulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and metabolic reprogramming of the TME. Currently, it is unclear how mild/moderate oxidative stress (eustress) modulates Wnt/β-catenin/APC and JNK signaling relationships in primary and metastatic CRC cells. In this study, we determined the effects of the H2O2 concentration inducing eustress on isogenic SW480 and SW620 cells, also in combination with JNK inhibition. We assessed cell viability, mitochondrial respiration, glycolysis, and Wnt/β-catenin/APC/JNK gene and protein expression. Primary CRC cells were more sensitive to H2O2 eustress combined with JNK inhibition, showing a reduction in viability compared to metastatic cells. JNK inhibition under eustress reduced both glycolytic and respiratory capacity in SW620 cells, indicating a greater capacity to adapt to TME. In primary CRC cells, H2O2 alone significantly increased APC, LEF1, LRP6, cMYC and IL8 gene expression, whereas in metastatic CRC cells, this effect occurred after JNK inhibition. In metastatic but not in primary tumor cells, eustress and inhibition of JNK reduced APC, β-catenin, and pJNK protein. The results showed differential cross-regulation of Wnt/JNK in primary and metastatic tumor cells under environmental eustress conditions. Further studies would be useful to validate these findings and explore their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitana Maria Aceto
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.P.); (R.V.); (R.C.)
| | - Sara Pagotto
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.P.); (R.V.); (R.C.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.D.P.); (R.L.)
| | - Francesco Domenico Del Pizzo
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.D.P.); (R.L.)
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Concetta Saoca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.S.); (M.A.); (T.C.)
| | - Federico Selvaggi
- Unit of General Surgery, Ospedale Clinicizzato SS Annunziata of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Rosa Visone
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.P.); (R.V.); (R.C.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.D.P.); (R.L.)
| | - Roberto Cotellese
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.P.); (R.V.); (R.C.)
- Villa Serena Foundation for Research, 65013 Città Sant’Angelo, Italy
| | - M’hammed Aguennouz
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.S.); (M.A.); (T.C.)
| | - Rossano Lattanzio
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.D.D.P.); (R.L.)
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Teresa Catalano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (C.S.); (M.A.); (T.C.)
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Khezri S, Azizian S, Salimi A. Pre-mating exposure with hesperidin protects N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced neurotoxicity and congenital abnormalities in next generation of mice as a model of glioma. J Mol Histol 2024; 55:627-636. [PMID: 38916842 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-024-10218-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Chemical carcinogen-induced oxidative stress has a key role in cell signaling linked to the development of cancer. Oxidative stress leads to oxidative damage to cellular membranes, proteins, chromosomes and genetic material. It is thought that compounds like hesperidin with high antioxidant and anticancer potential can reduce development of cancer induced by chemical carcinogens via neutralizing their oxidative damages. We investigated protective effect of hesperidin against N-Ethyl-N-Nitrosourea (ENU)-induced neurotoxicity, congenital abnormalities and possible brain cancer after exposure of mice during pregnancy as model of glioma. The mice were divided to four groups; control (normal saline), ENU (40 mg/kg daily for three consecutive days from the 17th to the 19th of pregnancy), hesperidin (pretreated with 25 mg/kg for 30 consecutive days, before mating) + ENU and hesperidin alone. Developmental toxicity parameters (the number of pregnant mice, stillbirths, abortion, live and dead offspring), behavioral tests (novel object recognition, open field and elevated plus maze) were performed. Moreover, the activity of butrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase enzymes, oxidative markers and histopathological abnormalities were detected in brain tissue. Our data showed that conversely, the pretreatment of hesperidin reduces various degrees of developmental toxicity, neurobehavioral dysfunction, neurotoxicity, oxidative stress and histopathological abnormalities induced by ENU as a neurotoxic and carcinogenic agent in the next generation. In conclusion, pre-mating exposure with hesperidin may open new avenues for prevention of primary brain cancer in next generation and could be valuable for enhancing the antioxidant defense and minimizing the developmental and neurotoxicity of DNA alkylating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Khezri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Sepideh Azizian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ahmad Salimi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
- Arthropod-Borne Diseases Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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8
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Balhara N, Yadav R, Ranga S, Ahuja P, Tanwar M. Understanding the HPV associated cancers: A comprehensive review. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:743. [PMID: 38874682 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV), a common cause of sexually transmitted diseases, may cause warts and lead to various types of cancers, which makes it important to understand the risk factors associated with it. HPV is the leading risk factor and plays a crucial role in the progression of cervical cancer. Viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 play a pivotal role in this process. Beyond cervical cancer, HPV-associated cancers of the mouth and throat are also increasing. HPV can also contribute to other malignancies like penile, vulvar, and vaginal cancers. Emerging evidence links HPV to these cancers. Research on the oncogenic effect of HPV is still ongoing and explorations of screening techniques, vaccination, immunotherapy and targeted therapeutics are all in progress. The present review offers valuable insight into the current understanding of the role of HPV in cancer and its potential implications for treatment and prevention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Balhara
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Ritu Yadav
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India.
| | - Shalu Ranga
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Parul Ahuja
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Mukesh Tanwar
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
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Salimi A, Haddadi S, Khezri S, Asgari B, Pourgholi M. Vanillic acid protects mortality and toxicity induced by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea in mice; in vivo model of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:389-396. [PMID: 38590344 PMCID: PMC10999465 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Alkylating agents such as N-Ethyl-N-Nitrosourea (ENU) are ubiquitous within living cells and in the environment. This study designed to evaluate the chemopreventive activity of vanillic acid on ENU-induced toxicity and carcinogenesis in mice as an animal model of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The female, Swiss albino mice were divided into three groups each with 7 mice, group I received normal saline, group II, mice received ENU at a dose of 80 mg/kg body weight i.p. to induce CLL on the 31th day of the study, and group III, the mice pretreated with vanillic acid at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight/day, i.p. up to 30 days and received ENU. The animals were monitored for weight changes and mortality during 120 days, and then were sacrificed for isolation of lymphocytes, as target cells in CLL. Cellular parameters like reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, malondialdehyde (MDA) production, depletion of glutathione (GSH), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and lysosomal membrane integrity were studied. We found that pretreatment with vanillic acid significantly increased the survival of mice up to 57%, delay in death time (30%) and prevented weight changes after exposure to ENU. In addition, it was found that vanillic acid protected ROS formation, lipid peroxidation mitochondrial dysfunction, and lysosomal membrane destabilization in isolated lymphocytes. These data suggest that vanillic acid exhibited significant protection against ENU-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity, which might be related to the protection of the mitochondria and lysosomes and the reduction of ROS formation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Salimi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Shadi Haddadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saleh Khezri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Bahare Asgari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mahshad Pourgholi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Uzdrowska K, Knap N, Gulczynski J, Kuban-Jankowska A, Struck-Lewicka W, Markuszewski MJ, Bączek T, Izycka-Swieszewska E, Gorska-Ponikowska M. Chasing Graphene-Based Anticancer Drugs: Where are We Now on the Biomedical Graphene Roadmap? Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:3973-3989. [PMID: 38711615 PMCID: PMC11073537 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s447397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Graphene and graphene-based materials have attracted growing interest for potential applications in medicine because of their good biocompatibility, cargo capability and possible surface functionalizations. In parallel, prototypic graphene-based devices have been developed to diagnose, imaging and track tumor growth in cancer patients. There is a growing number of reports on the use of graphene and its functionalized derivatives in the design of innovative drugs delivery systems, photothermal and photodynamic cancer therapy, and as a platform to combine multiple therapies. The aim of this review is to introduce the latest scientific achievements in the field of innovative composite graphene materials as potentially applied in cancer therapy. The "Technology and Innovation Roadmap" published in the Graphene Flagship indicates, that the first anti-cancer drugs using graphene and graphene-derived materials will have appeared on the market by 2030. However, it is necessary to broaden understanding of graphene-based material interactions with cellular metabolism and signaling at the functional level, as well as toxicity. The main aspects of further research should elucidate how treatment methods (e.g., photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, combination therapy) and the physicochemical properties of graphene materials influence their ability to modulate autophagy and kill cancer cells. Interestingly, recent scientific reports also prove that graphene nanocomposites modulate cancer cell death by inducing precise autophagy dysfunctions caused by lysosome damage. It turns out as well that developing photothermal oncological treatments, it should be taken into account that near-infrared-II radiation (1000-1500 nm) is a better option than NIR-I (750-1000 nm) because it can penetrate deeper into tissues due to less scattering at longer wavelengths radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Uzdrowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, 80-211, Poland
| | - Narcyz Knap
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, 80-211, Poland
| | - Jacek Gulczynski
- Faculty of Health Sciences with the Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, 80-211, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Tomasz Bączek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, 80-416, Poland
| | - Ewa Izycka-Swieszewska
- Faculty of Health Sciences with the Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, 80-211, Poland
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11
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Ye XS, Lin K, Tao XQ, Shang JT, Gui YR, Zhu SX, Xia YY, Chen HF, Sun BL, Liu W, Shu XJ. Discovery of sesquiterpene from Youngia japonica with antitumor effect. Fitoterapia 2024; 174:105869. [PMID: 38378132 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Fourteen sesquiterpenes, including one undescribed sesquiterpene lactone, were isolated from Youngia japonica, and their structures were identified by NMR, HRESIMS, ECD and calculated ECD. Cytotoxic activities of all isolates against A549, HeLa, and 4 T1 cell lines were detected by CCK8 assay. Among them, 2 showed obvious cytotoxic activity against A549 cells. Subsequently, the production of ROS, and apoptosis of A549 cells treated with 2 were evaluated. The result showed that 2 distinctly increased the ROS level, and induced the apoptosis of A549 cells. Further anticancer mechanism studies showed that 2 increased the expression of cleaved caspase 3. Taken together, our results demonstrated that 2 might become potential leading compounds for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Sheng Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Kuan Lin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Tao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Jin-Ting Shang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yu-Ran Gui
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Shu-Xiu Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yi-Yuan Xia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Hai-Feng Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Bin-Lian Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Xi-Ji Shu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
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12
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Wang G, Ren X, Li J, Cui R, Zhao X, Sui F, Liu J, Chen P, Yang Q, Ji M, Hou P, Gao K, Qu Y. High expression of RTEL1 predicates worse progression in gliomas and promotes tumorigenesis through JNK/ELK1 cascade. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:385. [PMID: 38532312 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary intracranial tumor worldwide. The maintenance of telomeres serves as an important biomarker of some subtypes of glioma. In order to investigate the biological role of RTEL1 in glioma. Relative telomere length (RTL) and RTEL1 mRNA was explored and regression analysis was performed to further examine the relationship of the RTL and the expression of RTEL1 with clinicopathological characteristics of glioma patients. We observed that high expression of RTEL1 is positively correlated with telomere length in glioma tissue, and serve as a poor prognostic factor in TERT wild-type patients. Further in vitro studies demonstrate that RTEL1 promoted proliferation, formation, migration and invasion ability of glioma cells. In addition, in vivo studies also revealed the oncogene role of RTEL1 in glioma. Further study using RNA sequence and phospho-specific antibody microarray assays identified JNK/ELK1 signaling was up-regulated by RTEL1 in glioma cells through ROS. In conclusion, our results suggested that RTEL1 promotes glioma tumorigenesis through JNK/ELK1 cascade and indicate that RTEL1 may be a prognostic biomarker in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjie Wang
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Xi'an Central Hospital, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Ren
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Jianying Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Xi'an Central Hospital, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Rongrong Cui
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xumin Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Fang Sui
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Pu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Qi Yang
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Meiju Ji
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Peng Hou
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Ke Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yiping Qu
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, China.
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13
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Asiminicesei DM, Fertu DI, Gavrilescu M. Impact of Heavy Metal Pollution in the Environment on the Metabolic Profile of Medicinal Plants and Their Therapeutic Potential. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:913. [PMID: 38592933 PMCID: PMC10976221 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The paper provides a comprehensive examination of heavy metal stress on medicinal plants, focusing on its impact on antioxidant capacity and biosynthetic pathways critical to their therapeutic potential. It explores the complex relationship between heavy metals and the physiological and biochemical responses of medicinal plants, highlighting how metal stress disrupts biosynthetic pathways, altering concentrations of secondary metabolites. This disruption may compromise the overall quality and efficacy of medicinal plants, requiring a holistic understanding of its cumulative impacts. Furthermore, the study discusses the potential of targeted genetic editing to enhance plant resilience against heavy metal stress by manipulating genes associated with antioxidant defenses. This approach represents a promising frontier in safeguarding medicinal plants in metal-contaminated environments. Additionally, the research investigates the role of phytohormone signaling in plant adaptive mechanisms to heavy metal stress, revealing its influence on biochemical and physiological responses, thereby adding complexity to plant adaptation. The study underscores the importance of innovative technologies and global cooperation in protecting medicinal plants' therapeutic potential and highlights the need for mitigation strategies to address heavy metal contamination effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana-Mihaela Asiminicesei
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 Prof. D. Mangeron Blvd., 700050 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Daniela Ionela Fertu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 35 Al. I. Cuza Street, 800002 Galati, Romania
| | - Maria Gavrilescu
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 Prof. D. Mangeron Blvd., 700050 Iasi, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Street, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
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14
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Liu X, Ma Y, Bu J, Lian C, Ma R, Li Q, Jiao X, Hu Z, Chen Y, Chen S, Guo J, Huang L. Characterization of CYP82 genes involved in the biosynthesis of structurally diverse benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in Corydalis yanhusuo. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:23. [PMID: 38453737 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-023-01397-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) represent a significant class of secondary metabolites with crucial roles in plant physiology and substantial potential for clinical applications. CYP82 genes are involved in the formation and modification of various BIA skeletons, contributing to the structural diversity of compounds. In this study, Corydalis yanhusuo, a traditional Chinese medicine rich in BIAs, was investigated to identify the catalytic function of CYP82s during BIA formation. Specifically, 20 CyCYP82-encoding genes were cloned, and their functions were identified in vitro. Ten of these CyCYP82s were observed to catalyze hydroxylation, leading to the formation of protopine and benzophenanthridine scaffolds. Furthermore, the correlation between BIA accumulation and the expression of CyCYP82s in different tissues of C. yanhusuo was assessed their. The identification and characterization of CyCYP82s provide novel genetic elements that can advance the synthetic biology of BIA compounds such as protopine and benzophenanthridine, and offer insights into the biosynthesis of BIAs with diverse structures in C. yanhusuo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshuidong Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ying Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Junling Bu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Conglong Lian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshuidong Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Rui Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshuidong Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Qishuang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Xiang Jiao
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zhimin Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Suiqing Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshuidong Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Juan Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China.
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15
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Lakra DS, Bharathiraja P, Dhanalakshmi T, Prasad NR. Andrographolide reverts multidrug resistance in KBCh R 8-5 cells through AKT signaling pathway. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3948. [PMID: 38379216 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle in cancer chemotherapy. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) one of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters plays an important role in MDR. In this study, we examined the sensitizing property of andrographolide (Andro) to reverse MDR in the drug-resistant KBChR 8-5 cells. Andro exhibited increased cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner in the P-gp overexpressing KBChR 8-5 cells. Furthermore, Andro showed synergistic interactions with PTX and DOX in this drug-resistant cells. Andro co-administration enhanced PTX- and DOX-induced cytotoxicity and reduced cell proliferation in the MDR cancer cells. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were elevated with a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) during Andro and chemotherapeutic drugs combination treatment in the drug-resistant cells. Furthermore, Andro and PTX-induced cell cycle arrest was observed in the drug-resistant cell. We also noticed that the expression of ABCB1 and AKT were downregulated during Andro (4 µM) treatment. Furthermore, Andro treatment enhanced the expression of caspase 3 and caspase 9 in the combinational groups that support the enhanced apoptotic cell death in drug-resistant cancer cells. Therefore, the results reveal that Andro plays a role in the reversal of P-gp-mediated MDR in KBChR 8-5 cells which might be due to regulating ABCB1/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa S Lakra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pradhapsingh Bharathiraja
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T Dhanalakshmi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Dharmapuram Gnanambigai Government Arts College for Women, Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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Wu T, Liu W, Chen H, Hou L, Ren W, Zhang L, Hu J, Chen H, Chen C. Toxoflavin analog D43 exerts antiproliferative effects on breast cancer by inducing ROS-mediated apoptosis and DNA damage. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4008. [PMID: 38369538 PMCID: PMC10874970 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53843-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is regarded as the deadliest subtype of breast cancer because of its high heterogeneity, aggressiveness, and limited treatment options. Toxoflavin has been reported to possess antitumor activity. In this study, a series of toxoflavin analogs were synthesized, among which D43 displayed a significant dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the proliferation of TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231 and HCC1806). Additionally, D43 inhibited DNA synthesis in TNBC cells, leading to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Furthermore, D43 consistently promoted intracellular ROS generation, induced DNA damage, and resulted in apoptosis in TNBC cells. These effects could be reversed by N-acetylcysteine. Moreover, D43 significantly inhibited the growth of breast cancer patient-derived organoids and xenografts with a favorable biosafety profile. In conclusion, D43 is a potent anticancer agent that elicits significant antiproliferation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA damage effects in TNBC cells, and D43 holds promise as a potential candidate for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyue Wu
- School of Life Science, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Lei Hou
- Department of Breast Disease, Henan Breast Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Wenlong Ren
- School of Life Science, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Longlong Zhang
- Academy of Biomedical Engineering, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jinhui Hu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, Hunan, China.
| | - Haijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, Fujian, China.
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China.
- Academy of Biomedical Engineering, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
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17
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Abdallah R, Shaito AA, Badran A, Baydoun S, Sobeh M, Ouchari W, Sahri N, Eid AH, Mesmar JE, Baydoun E. Fractionation and phytochemical composition of an ethanolic extract of Ziziphus nummularia leaves: antioxidant and anticancerous properties in human triple negative breast cancer cells. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1331843. [PMID: 38405665 PMCID: PMC10885810 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1331843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products have long been utilized in traditional medicine as remedies to improve health and treat illnesses, and have had a key role in modern drug discovery. Recently, there has been a revived interest in the search for bioactives from natural sources as alternative or complementary modalities to synthetic medicines; especially for cancer treatment, which incidence and mortality rates are on the rise worldwide. Ziziphus nummularia has been widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. Its traditional uses and numerous ethnopharmacological properties may be attributed to its richness in bioactive metabolites. However, its phytochemical composition or chemopreventive effects against the aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are still poorly explored. Here, phytochemical composition of an ethanolic extract of Z. nummularia leaves (ZNE) and its chromatographically isolated fractions was identified both qualitatively by spectrophotometric assays and analytically by HPLC-PDA-MS/MS. The anti-proliferative effects of ZNE were tested in several cancer cell lines, but we focused on its anti-TNBC effects since they were not explored yet. The anti-cancerous potential of ZNE and its fractions was tested in vitro in MDA-MB-231, a TNBC cell line. Results showed that ZNE and its Fraction 6 (F6) reduced the viability of MDA-MB-231 cells. F6 decreased MDA-MB-231 viability more than crude ZNE or its other fractions. ZNE and F6 are rich in phytochemicals and HPLC-PDA-MS/MS analysis identified several metabolites that were previously reported to have anti-cancerous effects. Both ZNE and F6 showed potent antioxidant capacity in the DPPH assay, but promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in MDA-MB-231 cells; an effect which was blunted by the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). NAC also blunted ZNE- and F6-induced reduction in TNBC cell viability. We also demonstrated that ZNE and F6 induced an arrest of the cell cycle, and triggered apoptosis- and autophagy-mediated cell death. ZNE and F6 inhibited metastasis-related cellular processes by modifying cell migration, invasion, and adhesion. Taken together, our findings reveal that Z. nummularia is rich in phytochemicals that can attenuate the malignant phenotype of TNBC and may offer innovative avenues for the discovery of new drug leads for treatment of TNBC and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola Abdallah
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdullah A. Shaito
- Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences at College of Health Sciences, and College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Adnan Badran
- Department of Nutrition, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Serine Baydoun
- Breast Imaging Section, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Wafae Ouchari
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nihad Sahri
- Agrobiosciences Program, College for Agriculture and Environmental Science, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Elias Baydoun
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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18
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Rauf A, Khalil AA, Awadallah S, Khan SA, Abu‐Izneid T, Kamran M, Hemeg HA, Mubarak MS, Khalid A, Wilairatana P. Reactive oxygen species in biological systems: Pathways, associated diseases, and potential inhibitors-A review. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:675-693. [PMID: 38370049 PMCID: PMC10867483 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced under normal physiological conditions and may have beneficial and harmful effects on biological systems. ROS are involved in many physiological processes such as differentiation, proliferation, necrosis, autophagy, and apoptosis by acting as signaling molecules or regulators of transcription factors. In this case, maintaining proper cellular ROS levels is known as redox homeostasis. Oxidative stress occurs because of the imbalance between the production of ROS and antioxidant defenses. Sources of ROS include the mitochondria, auto-oxidation of glucose, and enzymatic pathways such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced (NAD[P]H) oxidase. The possible ROS pathways are NF-κB, MAPKs, PI3K-Akt, and the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway. This review covers the literature pertaining to the possible ROS pathways and strategies to inhibit them. Additionally, this review summarizes the literature related to finding ROS inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SwabiAnbarPakistan
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health SciencesThe University of LahoreLahorePakistan
| | - Samir Awadallah
- Department of Medical Lab Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical SciencesZarqa UniversityZarqaJordan
| | - Shahid Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural SciencesNational University of Science and Technology (NUST)IslamabadPakistan
| | - Tareq Abu‐Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of PharmacyAl Ain UniversityAl Ain, Abu DhabiUAE
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological SciencesUniversity of KarachiKarachiPakistan
| | - Hassan A. Hemeg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical SciencesTaibah UniversityAl‐Medinah Al‐MonawaraSaudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahood Khalid
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health SciencesThe University of LahoreLahorePakistan
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical MedicineMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
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19
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Quiroz LF, Ciosek T, Grogan H, McKeown PC, Spillane C, Brychkova G. Unravelling the Transcriptional Response of Agaricus bisporus under Lecanicillium fungicola Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1283. [PMID: 38279283 PMCID: PMC10815960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are a nutritionally rich and sustainably-produced food with a growing global market. Agaricus bisporus accounts for 11% of the total world mushroom production and it is the dominant species cultivated in Europe. It faces threats from pathogens that cause important production losses, including the mycoparasite Lecanicillium fungicola, the causative agent of dry bubble disease. Through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we determine the impact of L. fungicola infection on the transcription patterns of A. bisporus genes involved in key cellular processes. Notably, genes related to cell division, fruiting body development, and apoptosis exhibit dynamic transcriptional changes in response to infection. Furthermore, A. bisporus infected with L. fungicola were found to accumulate increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Interestingly, the transcription levels of genes involved in the production and scavenging mechanisms of ROS were also increased, suggesting the involvement of changes to ROS homeostasis in response to L. fungicola infection. These findings identify potential links between enhanced cell proliferation, impaired fruiting body development, and ROS-mediated defence strategies during the A. bisporus (host)-L. fungicola (pathogen) interaction, and offer avenues for innovative disease control strategies and improved understanding of fungal pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Felipe Quiroz
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, H91 REW4 Galway, Ireland; (L.F.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Tessa Ciosek
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, H91 REW4 Galway, Ireland; (L.F.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Helen Grogan
- Teagasc, Horticulture Development Department, Ashtown Research Centre, D15 KN3K Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Peter C. McKeown
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, H91 REW4 Galway, Ireland; (L.F.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Charles Spillane
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, H91 REW4 Galway, Ireland; (L.F.Q.); (C.S.)
| | - Galina Brychkova
- Agriculture and Bioeconomy Research Centre, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, H91 REW4 Galway, Ireland; (L.F.Q.); (C.S.)
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20
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Singh K, Gautam PK. Macrophage infiltration in 3D cancer spheroids to recapitulate the TME and unveil interactions within cancer cells and macrophages to modulate chemotherapeutic drug efficacy. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1201. [PMID: 38062442 PMCID: PMC10701966 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recapitulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) in vitro remains a major hurdle in cancer research. In recent years, there have been significant strides in this area, particularly with the emergence of 3D spheroids as a model system for drug screening and therapeutics development for solid tumors. However, incorporating macrophages into these spheroid cultures poses specific challenges due to the intricate interactions between macrophages and cancer cells. METHODS To address this issue, in this study, we established a reproducible healthy multicellular 3D spheroid culture with macrophage infiltrates in order to mimic the TME and modulate the drug's efficacy on cancer cells in the presence of macrophages. A 3D spheroid was established using the human cancer cell line CAL33 and THP1 cell derived M0 macrophages were used as a source of macrophages. Cellular parameters including tumour metabolism, health, and mitochondrial mass were analysed in order to establish ideal conditions. To modulate the interaction of cancer cells with macrophage the ROS, NO, and H2O2 levels, in addition to M1 and M2 macrophage phenotypic markers, were analyzed. To understand the crosstalk between cancer cells and macrophages for ECM degradation, HSP70, HIF1α and cysteine proteases were examined in spheroids using western blotting and qPCR. RESULTS The spheroids with macrophage infiltrates exhibited key features of solid tumors, including cellular heterogeneity, metabolic changes, nutrient gradients, ROS emission, and the interplay between HIF1α and HSP70 for upregulation of ECM degradading enzymes. Our results demonstrate that tumor cells exhibit a metabolic shift in the presence of macrophages. Additionally, we have observed a shift in the polarity of M0 macrophages towards tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in response to cancer cells in spheroids. Results also demonstrate the involvement of macrophages in regulating HIF-1α, HSP70, and ECM degradation cysteine proteases enzymes. CONCLUSIONS This study has significant implications for cancer therapy as it sheds light on the intricate interaction between tumor cells and their surrounding macrophages. Additionally, our 3D spheroid model can aid in drug screening and enhance the predictive accuracy of preclinical studies. The strength of our study lies in the comprehensive characterization of the multicellular 3D spheroid model, which closely mimics the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushwant Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Pramod K Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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21
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Saghazadeh A. Exploring the pharmacological versatility of ficus carica: Modulating classical immunometabolism and beyond. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:107010. [PMID: 37995897 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The burden of metabolic disorders is alarmingly increasing globally. On the other hand, sustainability is the key project of the 21st century. Natural products offer a coherent option for the complementary management of both these challenges. Ficus carica (FC), commonly known as the fig fruit, has an experimentally proven potency for the modulation of cell cycle, immunity, inflammation, metabolism, and oxidative stress. Here, we review the potential of FC-derived products (FCDP) in slowing down the progression of cancers, acute/chronic inflammation-related conditions, infections, metabolic disorders, toxicities, neurological and neuromuscular diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, vascular diseases, and skin-stressing conditions, as well as, in boosting normal healthy functions of the endocrine, immune, metabolic, and nervous systems. It reveals a variety of cellular and molecular targets for FCDP: cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, IFN-γ), chemokines (CCL2), other inflammatory mediators (CRP, PGE2), immune receptors (TLR-2, TLR-4, FcεRI), oxidative stress-related markers (SOD, GSH, MDA, GPx, catalase, ROS, NO, protein carbonyls), kinases (MAPKs, hexokinase, G6Pase, FBPase, PEPCK, Akt, AMPK, GSK3, CDKs), other enzymes (COX-2, iNOS, MMPs, caspases), growth factors/receptors (VEGF, EGFR), hormones (DHEAS, prolactin, GnRH, FSH, LH, estradiol, DHT, insulin), cell death-related markers (Bcl-2, Bax, Bak, FasL, gasdermins, cytochrome C), glucose transporter protein (Glut4), and transcription factors (NF-κB, HNF-4α, Foxo, PGC-1α, PPAR-γ, C/EBP-α, CREB, NFATC1, STAT3). FCDP cause both activation and inhibition of AMPK, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling to confer condition-specific advantages. Such a broad-range activity might be attributed to different mechanisms of action of FCDP in modulating functions within the classical immunometabolic system, but also beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amene Saghazadeh
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Ma C, Gu C, Lian P, Wazir J, Lu R, Ruan B, Wei L, Li L, Pu W, Peng Z, Wang W, Zong Y, Huang Z, Wang H, Lu Y, Su Z. Sulforaphane alleviates psoriasis by enhancing antioxidant defense through KEAP1-NRF2 Pathway activation and attenuating inflammatory signaling. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:768. [PMID: 38007430 PMCID: PMC10676357 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Sulforaphane (SFN) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of SFN on a mouse model of psoriasis induced by imiquimod (IMQ) and its underlying molecular mechanism. Mice treated with SFN showed significant improvement in psoriatic symptoms, including reduced erythema, scales, and cutaneous thickness. Histopathological analysis and immunohistochemical staining revealed decreased expression of K16, K17, and Ki67 in SFN-treated mice, indicating reduced abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes and cutaneous inflammation. SFN treatment also reduced the activation of STAT3 and NF-κB pathways and downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and CCL2. In vitro experiments using HaCaT cells demonstrated that SFN inhibited IL-22 and TNF-α-induced activation of inflammatory pathways and keratinocyte proliferation. Network pharmacology analysis suggested that the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway might be involved in the protective effects of SFN on psoriasis. We observed reduced NRF2 expression in human psoriatic lesions, and subsequent experiments showed that SFN activated KEAP1-NRF2 pathway in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, NRF2-deficient mice exhibited aggravated psoriasis-like symptoms and reduced response to SFN treatment. Our findings indicate that SFN ameliorates psoriasis symptoms and inflammation through the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway, suggesting a potential therapeutic role for SFN in the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chujun Ma
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
- Department of Dermatology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Chaode Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Panpan Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Junaid Wazir
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Renwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Binjia Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Lulu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Wenyuan Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Ziqi Peng
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Wentong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Yangyongyi Zong
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China.
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China.
| | - Zhonglan Su
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, PR China.
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23
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Bai Y, Liang C, Zhou J, Liu Y, Wang F, Gao J, Wu J, Hu D. Development of novel celastrol-ligustrazine hybrids as potent peroxiredoxin 1 inhibitors against lung cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115656. [PMID: 37499289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The disruption of oxidation-reduction equilibrium through inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) clearance or enhancing ROS production has emerged as a novel and promising strategy for cancer therapy. Herein, a series of celastrol-ligustrazine hybrids were designed and synthesized as effective ROS promoters, and their biological activities were further evaluated. Among them, compound 7e stood out as the most potent peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) inhibitor (IC50 = 0.164 μM), which was significant super to the recognized PRDX1 inhibitor Conoidin A (IC50 = 14.80 μM) and the control compound celastrol (IC50 = 1.622 μM). Furthermore, 7e dramatically promoted intracellular ROS accumulation, and inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of cancer cells besides inducing apoptosis in vitro. Additionally, 7e suppressed the key signaling pathways (AKT and ERK) and promoted the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (cleaved caspase-3/8 and cleaved PARP) in A549 cells, which resulted in the prevention of tumor progression. Most importantly, compound 7e (TGI = 77.47%) showed more considerable in vivo antitumor efficacy and less toxicity than celastrol (TGI = 71.00%). Overall, this work indicates 7e as the most potential PRDX1 inhibitor and may be a promising candidate for the therapy of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bai
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Chao Liang
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Yafeng Liu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Fengxuan Wang
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety of Anhui Higher Education Institute, Huainan, 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control & Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Dong Hu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety of Anhui Higher Education Institute, Huainan, 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control & Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China.
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24
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Le TTH, Lei M, Hoang PH, Hoang VH, Pham VK, Nguyen PH. Anti-cancer activity of Marsdenialongise A, a new C21 steroidal glycoside isolated from Marsdenia longipes W.T. Wang (Apocynaceae). Steroids 2023; 199:109310. [PMID: 37714250 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
C21 steroidal glycosides are a group of natural compounds with biological activities such as anti-cancer, anti-microbial, and anti-viral properties. In this study, we isolated and determined the structure of a new C21 steroidal glycoside, named Marsdenialongise A from Marsdenia longipes W.T. Wang, using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectra data. Marsdenialongise A is a derivative of tenacigenin B and was isolated for the first time from a plant. The inhibitory effect of Marsdenialongise A on cancer cells was evaluated through MTT and cell migration assays, cell cycle, and apoptosis analyses. The results of the MTT assay showed that Marsdenialongise A reduces the cell viability of cancer cells, with the AGS cell line being more sensitive than other cell lines, with an IC50 value of 5.69 µM (for 48 h of treatment). Marsdenialongise A also exhibited an ability to prevent the migration of cancer cells in AGS cells. Further analysis using flow cytometry has revealed that Marsdenialongise A is capable of inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The overexpression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by Marsdenialongise A can be considered a cause that leads to the influence on the cell cycle and apoptosis of cancer cells. Thus, Marsdenialongise A can be considered a potential anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thanh Huong Le
- Thai Nguyen University of Sciences (TNUS), Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen City, Viet Nam
| | - Ma Lei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Phu Hiep Hoang
- Thai Nguyen University of Education (TNUE), Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen City, Viet Nam
| | - Van Hung Hoang
- Center for Interdisciplinary Science and Education, Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen City, Viet Nam
| | - Van Khang Pham
- Thai Nguyen University of Education (TNUE), Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen City, Viet Nam.
| | - Phu Hung Nguyen
- Thai Nguyen University of Sciences (TNUS), Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen City, Viet Nam; Center for Interdisciplinary Science and Education, Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen City, Viet Nam.
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25
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Zhang J, Li L, Shang H, Feng Z, Chao T. A molecular classification system for estimating radiotherapy response and anticancer immunity for individual breast cancer patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1288698. [PMID: 37927478 PMCID: PMC10623135 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1288698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Radiotherapy is a cornerstone of breast cancer therapy, but radiotherapy resistance is a major clinical challenge. Herein, we show a molecular classification approach for estimating individual responses to radiotherapy. Methods Consensus clustering was adopted to classify radiotherapy-sensitive and -resistant clusters in the TCGA-BRCA cohort based upon prognostic differentially expressed radiotherapy response-related genes (DERRGs). The stability of the classification was proven in the GSE58812 cohort via NTP method and the reliability was further verified by quantitative RT-PCR analyses of DERRGs. A Riskscore system was generated through Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis, and verified in the GSE58812 and GSE17705. Treatment response and anticancer immunity were evaluated via multiple well-established computational approaches. Results We classified breast cancer patients as radiotherapy-sensitive and -resistant clusters, namely C1 and C2, also verified by quantitative RT-PCR analyses of DERRGs. Two clusters presented heterogeneous clinical traits, with poorer prognosis, older age, more advanced T, and more dead status in the C2. The C1 tumors had higher activity of reactive oxygen species and response to X-ray, proving better radiotherapeutic response. Stronger anticancer immunity was found in the C1 tumors that had rich immune cell infiltration, similar expression profiling to patients who responded to anti-PD-1, and activated immunogenic cell death and ferroptosis. The Riskscore was proposed for improving patient prognosis. High Riskscore samples had lower radiotherapeutic response and stronger DNA damage repair as well as poor anticancer immunity, while low Riskscore samples were more sensitive to docetaxel, doxorubicin, and paclitaxel. Conclusion Our findings propose a novel radiotherapy response classification system based upon molecular profiles for estimating radiosensitivity for individual breast cancer patients, and elucidate a methodological advancement for synergy of radiotherapy with ICB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haotian Shang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhaoyan Feng
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tengfei Chao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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26
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Peng R, Xu M, Xie B, Min Q, Hui S, Du Z, Liu Y, Yu W, Wang S, Chen X, Yang G, Bai Z, Xiao X, Qin S. Insights on Antitumor Activity and Mechanism of Natural Benzophenanthridine Alkaloids. Molecules 2023; 28:6588. [PMID: 37764364 PMCID: PMC10535962 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzophenanthridine alkaloids are a class of isoquinoline compounds, which are widely found in the plants of papaveraceae, corydalis, and rutaceae. Biological activities and clinical studies have shown that benzophenanthridine alkaloids have inhibitory effects on many cancers. Considering that the anticancer activities and mechanisms of many natural benzophenanthridine alkaloids have been discovered in succession, the purpose of this paper is to review the anticancer effects of benzophenanthridine alkaloids and explore the application potential of these natural products in the development of antitumor drugs. A literature survey was carried out using Scopus, Pubmed, Reaxys, and Google Scholar databases. This review summarizes and analyzes the current status of research on the antitumor activity and antitumor mechanism of natural products of benzophenanthridine from different sources. The research progress of the antitumor activity of natural products of benzophenanthridine from 1983 to 2023 was reviewed. The antitumor activities of 90 natural products of benzophenanthridine and their related analogues were summarized, and the results directly or indirectly showed that natural products of benzophenanthridine had the effects of antidrug-resistant tumor cell lines, antitumor stem cells, and inducing ferroptosis. In conclusion, benzophenanthridine alkaloids have inhibitory effects on a variety of cancers and have the potential to counteract tumor resistance, and they have great application potential in the development of antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Peng
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Mengwei Xu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Baocheng Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People’s Hospital), Dongguan 523059, China
| | - Qing Min
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Siwen Hui
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ziwei Du
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People’s Hospital), Dongguan 523059, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People’s Hospital), Dongguan 523059, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Shi Wang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Guang Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhaofang Bai
- Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Shuanglin Qin
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
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Syukriya AJ, Bankeeree W, Prasongsuk S, Yanatatsaneejit P. In vitro antioxidant and anticancer activities of Smilax corbularia extract combined with Phellinus linteus extract against breast cancer cell lines. Biomed Rep 2023; 19:63. [PMID: 37614981 PMCID: PMC10442767 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment with extracts from whole herbs has been reported to synergistically enhance the anticancer activities of therapeutic agents in recent studies. The present study evaluated the antioxidant and anticancer activities of Smilax corbularia Kunth (S. corbularia) and Phellinus linteus (P. linteus) crude extracts individually and in combination. S. corbularia was extracted using ethanol, whereas P. linteus was extracted using hot water. Both crude extracts underwent physiochemical characterization. Subsequently, the possible antioxidant activities of both crude extracts, individually and in combination, were evaluated using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays. Their effects on breast cancer cell cytotoxicity, proliferation and apoptosis were then assessed. The crude S. corbularia extract obtained was found to have a high level of total phenolic content, whilst the crude P. linteus extract had high levels of total polysaccharide content. The total phenolic content and total polysaccharide content results of the combinations depended on the respective ratios of the individual extracts. S. corbularia alone and combination 3 (which contained 75% S. corbularia: 25% P. linteus) demonstrated the greatest radical scavenging activity, followed by combination 1 (50% S. corbularia: 50% P. linteus), combination 2 (25% S. corbularia: 75% P. linteus) and P. linteus. The toxicity results of the extract samples on the cancer cells corresponded with their antioxidant activity. In particular, certain combinations demonstrated clearer inhibitory effects on cell proliferation against three types of breast cancer cells compared with those exerted by the two individual extracts. However, induction of apoptosis was limited, with the degree of apoptosis observed to be #x003C;5%. These findings suggested that treatment with combinations of these two extracts could confer enhanced antioxidant and antiproliferative effects on breast cancer cells. Therefore, the potential of these two extracts in combination as anticancer agents warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wichanee Bankeeree
- Plant and Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sehanat Prasongsuk
- Plant and Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pattamawadee Yanatatsaneejit
- Human Genetics Research Group and Plant Breeding Laboratory, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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28
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Herdiana Y, Sriwidodo S, Sofian FF, Wilar G, Diantini A. Nanoparticle-Based Antioxidants in Stress Signaling and Programmed Cell Death in Breast Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:5305. [PMID: 37513179 PMCID: PMC10384004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a complex and heterogeneous disease, and oxidative stress is a hallmark of BC. Oxidative stress is characterized by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense mechanisms. ROS has been implicated in BC development and progression by inducing DNA damage, inflammation, and angiogenesis. Antioxidants have been shown to scavenge ROS and protect cells from oxidative damage, thereby regulating signaling pathways involved in cell growth, survival, and death. Plants contain antioxidants like ascorbic acid, tocopherols, carotenoids, and flavonoids, which have been found to regulate stress signaling and PCD in BC. Combining different antioxidants has shown promise in enhancing the effectiveness of BC treatment. Antioxidant nanoparticles, when loaded with antioxidants, can effectively target breast cancer cells and enhance their cellular uptake. Notably, these nanoparticles have shown promising results in inducing PCD and sensitizing breast cancer cells to chemotherapy, even in cases where resistance is observed. This review aims to explore how nanotechnology can modulate stress signaling and PCD in breast cancer. By summarizing current research, it underscores the potential of nanotechnology in enhancing antioxidant properties for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedi Herdiana
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Sriwidodo Sriwidodo
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Ferry Ferdiansyah Sofian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Gofarana Wilar
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Ajeng Diantini
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
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Markhulia J, Kekutia S, Mikelashvili V, Saneblidze L, Tsertsvadze T, Maisuradze N, Leladze N, Czigány Z, Almásy L. Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Doxorubicin-Loaded Magnetite Nanoparticles on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1758. [PMID: 37376206 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded magnetic nanofluids on 4T1 mouse tumor epithelial cells and MDA-MB-468 human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using sonochemical coprecipitation by applying electrohydraulic discharge treatment (EHD) in an automated chemical reactor, modified with citric acid and loaded with DOX. The resulting magnetic nanofluids exhibited strong magnetic properties and maintained sedimentation stability in physiological pH conditions. The obtained samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering (DLS), electrophoretic light scattering (ELS), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vitro studies using the MTT method revealed a synergistic effect of the DOX-loaded citric-acid-modified magnetic nanoparticles on the inhibition of cancer cell growth and proliferation compared to treatment with pure DOX. The combination of the drug and magnetic nanosystem showed promising potential for targeted drug delivery, with the possibility of optimizing the dosage to reduce side-effects and enhance the cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. The nanoparticles' cytotoxic effects were attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen species and the enhancement of DOX-induced apoptosis. The findings suggest a novel approach for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs and reducing their associated side-effects. Overall, the results demonstrate the potential of DOX-loaded citric-acid-modified magnetic nanoparticles as a promising strategy in tumor therapy, and provide insights into their synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jano Markhulia
- Nanocomposites Laboratory, Vladimer Chavchanidze Institute of Cybernetics of the Georgian Technical University, Z. Anjafaridze Str. 5, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Shalva Kekutia
- Nanocomposites Laboratory, Vladimer Chavchanidze Institute of Cybernetics of the Georgian Technical University, Z. Anjafaridze Str. 5, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Vladimer Mikelashvili
- Nanocomposites Laboratory, Vladimer Chavchanidze Institute of Cybernetics of the Georgian Technical University, Z. Anjafaridze Str. 5, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Liana Saneblidze
- Nanocomposites Laboratory, Vladimer Chavchanidze Institute of Cybernetics of the Georgian Technical University, Z. Anjafaridze Str. 5, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tamar Tsertsvadze
- Department of Biology Chair of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 1, Ilia Tchavchavadze Ave., 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nino Maisuradze
- Nanocomposites Laboratory, Vladimer Chavchanidze Institute of Cybernetics of the Georgian Technical University, Z. Anjafaridze Str. 5, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
- Department of Biology Chair of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 1, Ilia Tchavchavadze Ave., 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nino Leladze
- Department of Biology Chair of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, 1, Ilia Tchavchavadze Ave., 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Zsolt Czigány
- Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly Thege Miklós Str. 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Almásy
- Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly Thege Miklós Str. 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
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Bukowski K, Marciniak B, Kciuk M, Mujwar S, Mojzych M, Kontek R. Pyrazolo[4,3- e]tetrazolo[1,5- b][1,2,4]triazine Sulfonamides as Novel Potential Anticancer Agents: Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress, and Cell Cycle Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108504. [PMID: 37239848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study continues the evaluation of the anticancer potential of three de novo synthesized pyrazolo[4,3-e]tetrazolo[1,5-b][1,2,4]triazine sulfonamides-MM129, MM130, and MM131-against human cancer cells of HeLa, HCT 116, PC-3, and BxPC-3 lines. The pro-apoptotic activity of the investigated sulfonamides was shown by observations of changes in the mitochondrial transmembrane potential of the tested cells, externalization of phosphatidylserine on the cellular membrane surface, and cell morphology in microscopic imaging. The computational studies have shown that MM129 exhibited the lowest binding energy values when docked against CDK enzymes. In addition, the highest stability was shown for complexes formed between MM129 and CDK5/8 enzymes. All examined compounds induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in the BxPC-3 and PC-3 cells and simultaneously caused the accumulation of cells in the S phase in the HCT 116 cells. In addition, the increase in the subG1 fraction was observed in PC-3 and HeLa cells. The application of a fluorescent H2DCFDA probe revealed the high pro-oxidative properties of the tested triazine derivatives, especially MM131. In conclusion, the obtained results suggest that MM129, MM130, and MM131 exhibited strong pro-apoptotic properties towards investigated cells, mainly against the HeLa and HCT 116 cell lines, and high pro-oxidative potential as well. Moreover, it is suggested that the anticancer activity of the tested compounds may be associated with their ability to inhibit CDK enzymes activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Bukowski
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Marciniak
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kciuk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Mariusz Mojzych
- Department of Chemistry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
| | - Renata Kontek
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
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Xu X, Deng L, Tang Y, Li J, Zhong T, Hao X, Fan Y, Mu S. Cytostatic Activity of Sanguinarine and a Cyanide Derivative in Human Erythroleukemia Cells Is Mediated by Suppression of c-MET/MAPK Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098113. [PMID: 37175820 PMCID: PMC10179035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sanguinarine (1) is a natural product with significant pharmacological effects. However, the application of sanguinarine has been limited due to its toxic side effects and a lack of clarity regarding its molecular mechanisms. To reduce the toxic side effects of sanguinarine, its cyanide derivative (1a) was first designed and synthesized in our previous research. In this study, we confirmed that 1a presents lower toxicity than sanguinarine but shows comparable anti-leukemia activity. Further biological studies using RNA-seq, lentiviral transfection, Western blotting, and flow cytometry analysis first revealed that both compounds 1 and 1a inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of leukemic cells by regulating the transcription of c-MET and then suppressing downstream pathways, including the MAPK, PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT pathways. Collectively, the data indicate that 1a, as a potential anti-leukemia lead compound regulating c-MET transcription, exhibits better safety than 1 while maintaining cytostatic activity through the same mechanism as 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Lulu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Yaling Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Ting Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yanhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Shuzhen Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3491 Beijin Road, Guiyang 550014, China
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Wang X, Xu T, Luo D, Li S, Tang X, Ding J, Yin H, Li S. Cannabidiol Alleviates Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis by Maintaining Mitochondrial Dynamic Balance and Energy Metabolic Homeostasis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5450-5462. [PMID: 37010249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), a fluorine-containing organic compound, can be widely detected in the environment and living organisms. Accumulating evidence has shown that PFOS breaks through different biological barriers resulting in cardiac toxicity, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a nonpsychoactive cannabinoid without potential adverse cardiotoxicity and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that reduce multiorgan damage and dysfunction. For these reasons, the aim of this study was to research how PFOS caused heart injury and whether CBD could attenuate PFOS-induced heart injury. Mice were fed PFOS (5 mg/kg) and/or CBD (10 mg/kg) in vivo. In vitro, H9C2 cells were intervened with PFOS (200 μM) and/or CBD (10 μM). After PFOS exposure, oxidative stress levels and the mRNA and protein expression of apoptosis-related markers increased distinctly, accompanied by mitochondrial dynamic imbalance and energy metabolism disorders in mouse heart and H9C2 cells. Moreover, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining, acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining and Hoechst 33258 staining signaled that the number of apoptotic cells increased after exposure to PFOS. Noteworthy, CBD simultaneous treatment alleviated a series of damages caused by PFOS-mediated oxidative stress. Our results demonstrated that CBD could alleviate PFOS-induced mitochondrial dynamics imbalance and energy metabolism disorder causing cardiomyocyte apoptosis by improving the antioxidant capacity, suggesting that CBD may represent a novel cardioprotective strategy against PFOS-induced cardiotoxicity. Our findings facilitate the understanding of the cardiotoxic effects of PFOS and the important role of CBD in protecting cardiac health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Tong Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Dongliu Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jiayi Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Hang Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
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33
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Zeng FS, Yao YF, Wang LF, Li WJ. Polysaccharides as antioxidants and prooxidants in managing the double-edged sword of reactive oxygen species. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114221. [PMID: 36634589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides, a class of naturally occurring carbohydrates, were widely presented in animals, plants, and microorganisms. Recently, health benefits of polysaccharides have attracted much attention due to their unique characteristics in reactive oxygen species (ROS) management. ROS, by-products of aerobic metabolism linked to food consumption, exhibited a dual role in protecting cells and fostering pathogenesis collectively termed double-edged sword. Some interesting studies reported that polysaccharides could behave as prooxidants under certain conditions, besides antioxidant capacities. Potentiation of the bright side of ROS could contribute to the host defense that was vitally important for the polysaccharides acting as biological response modifiers. Correspondingly, disease prevention of polysaccharides linked to the management of ROS production was systematically described and discussed in this review. Furthermore, major challenges and future prospects were presented, aiming to provide new insight into applying polysaccharides as functional food ingredients and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Sen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yu-Fei Yao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Le-Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wen-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
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Liu M, Lin C, Huang Q, Jia J, Guo J, Jia R. SRSF3-Mediated Ki67 Exon 7-Inclusion Promotes Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression via Repressing AKR1C2. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043872. [PMID: 36835286 PMCID: PMC9959251 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ki67 is a well-known proliferation marker with a large size of around 350 kDa, but its biological function remains largely unknown. The roles of Ki67 in tumor prognosis are still controversial. Ki67 has two isoforms generated by alternative splicing of exon 7. The roles and regulatory mechanisms of Ki67 isoforms in tumor progression are not clear. In the present study, we surprisingly find that the increased inclusion of Ki67 exon 7, not total Ki67 expression level, was significantly associated with poor prognosis in multiple cancer types, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Importantly, the Ki67 exon 7-included isoform is required for HNSCC cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell migration, and tumorigenesis. Unexpectedly, Ki67 exon 7-included isoform is positively associated with intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Mechanically, splicing factor SRSF3 could promote exon 7 inclusion via its two exonic splicing enhancers. RNA-seq revealed that aldo-keto reductase AKR1C2 is a novel tumor-suppressive gene targeted by Ki67 exon 7-included isoform in HNSCC cells. Our study illuminates that the inclusion of Ki67 exon 7 has important prognostic value in cancers and is essential for tumorigenesis. Our study also suggested a new SRSF3/Ki67/AKR1C2 regulatory axis during HNSCC tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Can Lin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qiwei Huang
- RNA Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Science, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jun Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Correspondence: (J.J.); (R.J.); Tel.: +86-27-87686215 (J.J.); +86-27-87686268 (R.J.)
| | - Jihua Guo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- RNA Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Correspondence: (J.J.); (R.J.); Tel.: +86-27-87686215 (J.J.); +86-27-87686268 (R.J.)
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35
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Ji P, Wang P, Chen H, Xu Y, Ge J, Tian Z, Yan Z. Potential of Copper and Copper Compounds for Anticancer Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:234. [PMID: 37259382 PMCID: PMC9960329 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inducing cancer cell death has always been a research hotspot in life sciences. With the continuous deepening and diversification of related research, the potential value of metal elements in inducing cell death has been explored. Taking iron as an example, ferroptosis, mainly characterized by increasing iron load and driving the production of large amounts of lipid peroxides and eventually leading to cell death, has recently attracted great interest in the cancer research community. After iron, copper, a trace element, has received extensive attention in cell death, especially in inducing tumor cell death. Copper and its complexes can induce autophagy or apoptosis in tumor cells through a variety of different mechanisms of action (activation of stress pathways, arrest of cell cycle, inhibition of angiogenesis, cuproptosis, and paraptosis), which are promising in cancer therapy and have become new hotspots in cancer treatment research. This article reviews the main mechanisms and potential applications of novel copper and copper compound-induced cell death, focusing on copper compounds and their anticancer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ji
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Pharmaceutical Chemicals Biologically Manufacturing, College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Pharmaceutical Chemicals Biologically Manufacturing, College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Pharmaceutical Chemicals Biologically Manufacturing, College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Yajing Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Pharmaceutical Chemicals Biologically Manufacturing, College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Jianwen Ge
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Pharmaceutical Chemicals Biologically Manufacturing, College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Zechong Tian
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Pharmaceutical Chemicals Biologically Manufacturing, College of Pharmacy and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Zhirong Yan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children’s Critical Diseases Research, Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
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S V, Kajal K, Mondal S, Wahan SK, Das Kurmi B, Das Gupta G, Patel P. Novel VEGFR-2 Kinase Inhibitors as Anticancer Agents: A Review Focusing on SAR and Molecular Docking Studies (2016-2021). Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200847. [PMID: 36721068 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer growth, annexation, and metastatic spread are all aided by the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis). The commencement of the VEGF pathway leads to signal transduction that enhances endothelial cell survival, relocation, and divergence from pre-existing vasculature. The ability of solid malignancies to bloom and spread depends critically on their ability to establish their independent blood circulation (tumor angiogenesis). VEGFR is a major receptor tyrosine kinase that regulates angiogenesis, cell growth, and metastasis, diminishing apoptosis, cytoskeletal function, and other biological processes VEGFR has proven to be a remarkable focus for a variety of anticancer medicines in clinical studies. This Review explores the development of anti-VEGF-based antiangiogenic therapies having different scaffolds. This review had focused on SAR and docking studies of previously reported molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha S
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Kumari Kajal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sitanshu Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Simranpreet K Wahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Balak Das Kurmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Ghanshyam Das Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Preeti Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
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Ju X, Zhang H, Wang J, Sun Z, Guo L, Wang Q. Shikonin triggers GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in tumours by regulating autophagy via the ROS-MAPK14/p38α axis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154596. [PMID: 36610142 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shikonin (SK), a botanical drug extracted from Lithospermum erythrorhizon, has been shown to inhibit tumour growth through apoptosis and necrosis. However, whether SK induces pyroptosis in cancer cells is still unknown. PURPOSE This study aims to investigated the mechanisms of SK-induced pyroptosis in tumour cells and mice. METHODS In vivo and in vitro methods were used in this study. Cell deaths were analysed by LDH and CCK-8 assay and western blotting. To investigated the signalling pathway of SK-induced pyroptosis, various genes expressions were supressed by shRNA or inhibitors. High-sensitivity mass spectrometry assay was used to identified potential factors that regulate GSDME-mediated pyroptosis. Finally, a mouse model was used to investigate the effect of SK administration on tumour growth in vivo. RESULTS The activation of BAX/caspase-3 signalling was essential for GSDME-mediated pyroptosis by SK. Mechanistically, the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation induced by SK treatment initiated GSDME-dependant pyroptosis. SK stimulation induced protective autophagy in a ROS-dependant manner, and repressed autophagy significantly enhanced SK-induced pyroptosis. Moreover, MAPK14/p38α, a ROS sensor, modulated SK-induced autophagy and ultimately affected GSDME-dependant pyroptosis. CONCLUSION Here, for the first time we demonstrated that SK treatment induced GSDME-dependant pyroptosis in tumour cells. Our results demonstrated that SK initiates ROS signalling to drive pyroptosis in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Ju
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayou Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Zhonghe Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Lanfang Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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Al-Tamimi M, Khan AQ, Anver R, Ahmad F, M Mateo J, Raza SS, Alam M, Buddenkotte J, Steinhoff M, Uddin S. Pristimerin mediated anticancer effects and sensitization of human skin cancer cells through modulation of MAPK signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113950. [PMID: 36411635 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Olasehinde TA, Olaniran AO. Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects of aqueous extracts from Ecklonia maxima and Ulva rigida on HepG2 cells. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14498. [PMID: 36350831 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the antiproliferative and apoptotic-inducing effects of Ecklonia maxima (KP) and Ulva rigida (URL) extracts in the human liver cancer (HepG2) cell line model. HepG2 cells were cultured and grown in an incubator (5% CO2 ) at 37°C. Cell viability was determined, while the effect of the extracts on apoptosis, ROS production, mitochondria membrane potential, and antioxidant enzymes were also assessed. KP and URL induced cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells at the concentrations tested (0-1000 μg/ml). The morphological characteristics of the cells after treatment with KP and URL revealed cell shrinkage of the nucleus, cell injury, and damage compared to the control. The fluorescent micrographs from the apoptotic assay revealed induction of apoptosis and necrosis in HepG2 cells after treatment with KP and URL (200 and 400 μg/ml). The extracts also induced ROS production and reduced mitochondria membrane potential in HepG2 cells. The apoptotic-inducing effects, activation of ROS generation, and disruption of antioxidant enzymes are associated with the cytotoxic effects of the seaweed extracts. KP and URL showed good anticancer properties and could be explored as a good source of nutraceuticals, food additives, and dietary supplements to prevent uncontrolled proliferation of HepG2 cells. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Seaweeds are reservoirs of nutrients and naturally occurring biologically active compounds, including sterols, phlorotannins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Due to the presence of these compounds, they are used as emulsifying agents, nutraceuticals, and additives in functional foods. Evidence suggests that seaweed bioactives may inhibit uncontrolled cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Hence, exploring the antiproliferative and apoptotic-inducing effects of Ecklonia maxima and Ulva rigida will provide insights into their anticancer potentials as functional foods and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosin A Olasehinde
- Nutrition and Toxicology Division, Food Technology Department, Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi, Lagos, Nigeria
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ademola O Olaniran
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Zhang Q, Guo L, Li H, Huang J, Li Z, Hong W, Wang J, Bai Z, Zhu J. Biosensor based on bimetallic/graphene composite for non-enzymatic detection of hydrogen peroxide in living tumor cells. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022. [PMID: 36427331 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A highly sensitive electrochemical biosensor was manufactured with triple synergistic catalysis to detect hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). In this study, a highly sensitive biosensor based on Prussian blue-chitosan/graphene-hemin nanomaterial/platinum and palladium nanoparticles (PB-CS/HGNs/Pt&Pd biosensor) was fabricated for the detection of H2 O2 . The materials described above were modified on the electrode surface and applied to catalyze the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide. The current response of the biosensor presented a linear relationship with H2 O2 concentration from 6 × 10-2 to 20 μM (R2 = 0.9766) and with the logarithm of H2 O2 concentration from 20 to 9×103 μM (R2 = 0.9782), the low detection limit of 25 nM was obtained at the signal/noise (S/N) ratio of 3. Besides, the biosensor showed an outstanding anti-interference ability and acceptable reproducibility. PB-CS/HGNs/Pt&Pd electrodes are effective in measuring H2 O2 from living tumor cells, which implies that the biosensor has the potential to assess reactive oxygen species in various living tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyan Zhang
- Blood Purification Centre, Chun'an First People's Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Chun'an Branch, Hangzhou Medical College Affiliated Chun'an Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Lianshan Guo
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhengzhao Li
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhong Hong
- Clinical Laboratory, Chun'an First People's Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Chun'an Branch, Hangzhou Medical College Affiliated Chun'an Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Chun'an First People's Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Chun'an Branch, Hangzhou Medical College Affiliated Chun'an Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Zhihao Bai
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jianmeng Zhu
- Clinical Laboratory, Chun'an First People's Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Chun'an Branch, Hangzhou Medical College Affiliated Chun'an Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Zhang W, Li S, Li C, Li T, Huang Y. Remodeling tumor microenvironment with natural products to overcome drug resistance. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1051998. [PMID: 36439106 PMCID: PMC9685561 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1051998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
With cancer incidence rates continuing to increase and occurrence of resistance in drug treatment, there is a pressing demand to find safer and more effective anticancer strategy for cancer patients. Natural products, have the advantage of low toxicity and multiple action targets, are always used in the treatment of cancer prevention in early stage and cancer supplement in late stage. Tumor microenvironment is necessary for cancer cells to survive and progression, and immune activation is a vital means for the tumor microenvironment to eliminate cancer cells. A number of studies have found that various natural products could target and regulate immune cells such as T cells, macrophages, mast cells as well as inflammatory cytokines in the tumor microenvironment. Natural products tuning the tumor microenvironment via various mechanisms to activate the immune response have immeasurable potential for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, it highlights the research findings related to natural products regulating immune responses against cancer, especially reveals the possibility of utilizing natural products to remodel the tumor microenvironment to overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlu Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shubo Li
- Liaoning Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning Agricultural Development Service Center, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunting Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianye Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongye Huang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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Luan F, Xu Z, Wang K, Qi X, Guo Z. Synthesis of Water-Soluble Sulfonated Chitin Derivatives for Potential Antioxidant and Antifungal Activity. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20110668. [PMID: 36354991 PMCID: PMC9697452 DOI: 10.3390/md20110668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitin is a natural renewable and useful biopolymer limited by its insolubility; chemical derivatization can enhance the solubility and bioactivity of chitin. The purpose of this study was to synthesize novel water-soluble chitin derivatives, sulfo-chitin (SCT) and sulfopropyl-chitin (SPCT), as antioxidant and antifungal agents. The target derivatives were characterized by means of elemental analysis, FTIR, 13C NMR, TGA and XRD. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the chitin derivatives was estimated by free radical scavenging ability (against DPPH-radical, hydroxyl-radical and superoxide-radical) and ferric reducing power. In addition, inhibitory effects against four fungi were also tested. The findings show that antioxidant abilities and antifungal properties were in order of SPCT > SCT > CT. On the basis of the results obtained, we confirmed that the introduction of sulfonated groups on the CT backbone would help improve the antioxidant and antifungal activity of CT. Moreover, its efficacy as an antioxidant and antifungal agent increased as the chain length of the substituents increased. This derivatization strategy might provide a feasible way to broaden the utilization of chitin. It is of great significance to minimize waste and realize the high-value utilization of aquatic product wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Luan
- Naval Architecture and Port Engineering College, Shandong Jiaotong University, Weihai 264200, China
- Correspondence: (F.L.); (Z.G.); Tel.: +86-535-2109171 (F.L.); +86-6313998919 (Z.G.)
| | - Zhenhua Xu
- Naval Architecture and Port Engineering College, Shandong Jiaotong University, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Naval Architecture and Port Engineering College, Shandong Jiaotong University, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Naval Architecture and Port Engineering College, Shandong Jiaotong University, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Zhanyong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (F.L.); (Z.G.); Tel.: +86-535-2109171 (F.L.); +86-6313998919 (Z.G.)
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Targeting deregulated oxidative stress in skin inflammatory diseases: An update on clinical importance. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113601. [PMID: 36049315 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Amaro F, Pisoeiro C, Valente MJ, Bastos MDL, Guedes de Pinho P, Carvalho M, Pinto J. Sunitinib versus Pazopanib Dilemma in Renal Cell Carcinoma: New Insights into the In Vitro Metabolic Impact, Efficacy, and Safety. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9898. [PMID: 36077297 PMCID: PMC9456255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib and pazopanib are tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) used as first-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Although these TKIs are associated with similar survival outcomes, some differences have been reported in their safety profiles. In this work, traditional toxicological endpoints (cell viability and growth, oxidative stress, and nuclear morphology) and 1H NMR spectroscopy-based metabolomics analysis were used to provide new insights into the cytotoxicity and metabolic mechanisms underlying sunitinib and pazopanib treatments. Tumoral (Caki-1) and non-tumoral (HK-2) human renal cells were exposed to clinically relevant concentrations of sunitinib (2 µM) or pazopanib (50 µM). Sunitinib showed selectivity for cancer cells, inhibiting proliferation, and inducing apoptotic death of Caki-1 cells, whereas pazopanib had a similar cytotoxic effect in both tumoral and non-tumoral cells. 1H-NMR metabolomics unveiled a higher impact of sunitinib on the levels of intracellular metabolites of Caki-1 cells (seven dysregulated metabolites), suggesting dysregulations on amino acid, glutathione and glycerophospholipid metabolisms. In contrast, pazopanib had a higher impact on the levels of extracellular metabolites of Caki-1 cells (seven dysregulated metabolites in culture medium), unveiling alterations on amino acid and energetic metabolisms. In HK-2 cells, sunitinib caused only a minor increase in intracellular isoleucine levels, whereas pazopanib induced several alterations on the intracellular (three dysregulated metabolites) and extracellular (three dysregulated metabolites) compartments suggesting changes on amino acid, glycerophospholipid, and energy metabolisms. Our results demonstrate that these TKIs elicit distinct cellular and metabolic responses, with sunitinib showing better in vitro efficacy against target RCC cells and lesser nephrotoxic potential than pazopanib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Amaro
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carolina Pisoeiro
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Valente
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria de Lourdes Bastos
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Guedes de Pinho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Márcia Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- FP-I3ID, FP-BHS, University Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Pinto
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Chen J, Xue F, Du W, Yu H, Yang Z, Du Q, Chen H. An Endogenous H 2S-Activated Nanoplatform for Triple Synergistic Therapy of Colorectal Cancer. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6156-6165. [PMID: 35852844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Overproduced hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a highly potential target for precise colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy; herein, a novel 5-Fu/Cur-P@HMPB nanomedicine is developed by coencapsulation of the natural anticancer drug curcumin (Cur) and the clinical chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) into hollow mesoporous Prussian blue (HMPB). HMPB with low Fenton-catalytic activity can react with endogenous H2S and convert into high Fenton-catalytic Prussian white (PW), which can generate in situ a high level of •OH to activate chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and meanwhile trigger autophagy. Importantly, the autophagy can be amplified by Cur to induce autophagic cell death; moreover, Cur also acted as a specific chemosensitizer of the chemotherapy drug 5-Fu, achieving a good synergistic antitumor effect. Such a triple synergistic therapy based on a novel nanomedicine has been verified both in vitro and in vivo to have high efficacy in CRC treatment, showing promising potential in translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jufeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Fengfeng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
| | - Wenxian Du
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Huizhu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zebin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
| | - Qiujing Du
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hangrong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, PR China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, PR China
- Nanotechnology and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, PR China
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Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effect of Rubus chingii Leaf Extract against Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma A549 Cells. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rubus chingii is a traditional Chinese medicinal herbal that has been used since ancient times for its great dietary and medicinal values. Recent reports have underscored the promising cytotoxic effect of R. chingii extracts against a wide variety of cancer cells. Therefore, in the current study, we aim to explore the anticancer potential of the Rubus chingii ethanolic leaf extract (RcL-EtOH) against non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. RcL-EtOH efficiently exerted a cytotoxic effect against A549 cells in a dose dependent manner, whilst, it exhibited non-significant toxic effects on normal murine macrophage cells, signifying its safety against normal cells. The reduced viability of A549 cells was reaffirmed by the acridine orange/ethidium bromide double staining, which confirmed the induction of apoptosis in RcL-EtOH-treated A549 cells. In addition, RcL-EtOH instigated the dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) with mutual escalation in ROS generation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, RcL-EtOH increased caspase-3, caspase-9 levels in A549 cells post-exposure to RcL-EtOH, which was concomitantly followed by altered mRNA expression of apoptotic (anti-apoptotic: Bcl-2, BclXL; pro-apoptotic: Bax, Bad). To sum up, the RcL-EtOH-instigated apoptotic cell death within A549 cells was assumed to be accomplished via targeting mitochondria, triggering increased ROS generation, with subsequent activation of caspase cascade and altering the expression of gene regulating apoptosis. Collectively, RcL-EtOH might represent a plausible therapeutic option for the management of lung cancer.
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Farhan M, Rizvi A. Understanding the Prooxidant Action of Plant Polyphenols in the Cellular Microenvironment of Malignant Cells: Role of Copper and Therapeutic Implications. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:929853. [PMID: 35795551 PMCID: PMC9251333 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.929853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant derived polyphenolic compounds are considered critical components of human nutrition and have shown chemotherapeutic effects against a number of malignancies. Several studies have confirmed the ability of polyphenols to induce apoptosis and regression of tumours in animal models. However, the mechanism through which polyphenols modulate their malignant cell selective anticancer effects has not been clearly established. While it is believed that the antioxidant properties of these molecules may contribute to lowering the risk of cancer induction by causing oxidative damage to DNA, it could not be held responsible for chemotherapeutic properties and apoptosis induction. It is a well known fact that cellular copper increases within the malignant cell and in serum of patients harboring malignancies. This phenomenon is independent of the cellular origin of malignancies. Based on our own observations and those of others; over the last 30 years our laboratory has shown that cellular copper reacts with plant derived polyphenolic compounds, by a Fenton like reaction, which generates reactive oxygen species and leads to genomic DNA damage. This damage then causes an apoptosis like cell death of malignant cells, while sparing normal cells. This communication reviews our work in this area and lays the basis for understanding how plant derived polyphenols can behave as prooxidants (and not antioxidants) within the microenvironment of a malignancy (elevated copper levels) and gives rationale for their preferential cytotoxicity towards malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farhan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohd Farhan,
| | - Asim Rizvi
- Department of Kulliyat, Faculty of Unani Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Synthesis of Hydroxypropyltrimethyl Ammonium Chitosan Derivatives Bearing Thioctate and the Potential for Antioxidant Application. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092682. [PMID: 35566038 PMCID: PMC9101115 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) is one of the most important water-soluble chitosan derivatives; its derivatives have gained growing attention due to their potential biomedical applications. Here, hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chitosan derivatives bearing thioctate (HACTs), with different degrees of substitution of thioctate, were prepared using HACC and α-lipoic acid as the reaction precursors, using an ion exchange method. The structural characteristics of the synthesized derivatives were confirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. In addition, their antioxidant behaviors were also investigated in vitro by the assays of reducing power, and scavenging activities against hydroxyl radicals and DPPH radicals. The antioxidant assay indicated that HACTs displayed strong antioxidant activity compared with HACC, especially in terms of reducing power. Besides, the antioxidant activities of the prepared products were further enhanced with the increase in the test concentration and the degrees of substitution of thioctate. At the maximum test concentration of 1.60 mg/mL, the absorbance value at 700 nm of HACTs, under the test conditions, was 4.346 ± 0.296, while the absorbance value of HACC was 0.041 ± 0.007. The aforementioned results support the use of HACTs as antioxidant biomaterials in food and the biomedical field.
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Deoxyelephantopin and Its Isomer Isodeoxyelephantopin: Anti-Cancer Natural Products with Multiple Modes of Action. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072086. [PMID: 35408483 PMCID: PMC9000713 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The development of cancer involves aberrations in multiple pathways, representing promising targets for anti-cancer drug discovery. Natural products are regarded as a rich source for developing anti-cancer therapies due to their unique structures and favorable pharmacology and toxicology profiles. Deoxyelephantopin and isodeoxyelephantopin, sesquiterpene lactone compounds, are major components of Elephantopus scaber and Elephantopus carolinianus, which have long been used as traditional medicines to treat multiple ailments, including liver diseases, diabetes, bronchitis, fever, diarrhea, dysentery, cancer, renal disorders, and inflammation-associated diseases. Recently, deoxyelephantopin and isodeoxyelephantopin have been extensively explored for their anti-cancer activities. This review summarizes and discusses the anti-cancer activities of deoxyelephantopin and isodeoxyelephantopin, with an emphasis on their modes of action and molecular targets. Both compounds disrupt several processes involved in cancer progression by targeting multiple signaling pathways deregulated in cancers, including cell cycle and proliferation, cell survival, autophagy, and invasion pathways. Future directions of research on these two compounds towards anti-cancer drug development are discussed.
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An Update of the Sanguinarine and Benzophenanthridine Alkaloids’ Biosynthesis and Their Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041378. [PMID: 35209167 PMCID: PMC8876366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzophenanthridines belong to the benzylisoquinolic alkaloids, representing one of the main groups of this class. These alkaloids include over 120 different compounds, mostly in plants from the Fumariaceae, Papaveraceae, and Rutaceae families, which confer chemical protection against pathogens and herbivores. Industrial uses of BZD include the production of environmentally friendly agrochemicals and livestock food supplements. However, although mainly considered toxic compounds, plants bearing them have been used in traditional medicine and their medical applications as antimicrobials, antiprotozoals, and cytotoxic agents have been envisioned. The biosynthetic pathways for some BZD have been established in different species, allowing for the isolation of the genes and enzymes involved. This knowledge has resulted in a better understanding of the process controlling their synthesis and an opening of the gates towards their exploitation by applying modern biotechnological approaches, such as synthetic biology. This review presents the new advances on BDZ biosynthesis and physiological roles. Industrial applications, mainly with pharmacological approaches, are also revised.
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