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Kiani S, Fathi Rezaei P, Jamalzadegan S. Exo-polygalacturonase production enhancement by Piriformospora indica from sugar beet pulp under submerged fermentation using the response surface methodology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:45815-45826. [PMID: 36708475 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25488-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study proposed a novel and cost-effective approach to enhance and optimize the exo-polygalacturonase from P. indica, a root endophytic fungus. In the current investigation, the impact of ammonium sulfate, sugar beet pulp (SBP), and glucose as variables on induction of exo-polygalacturonase from P. indica was optimized using the central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) under submerged fermentation (SmF). Additionally, determination of the exo-polygalacturonase molecular weight and in situ analysis was performed. The optimal reaction conditions, which resulted in the highest enzyme activity, were observed in the following conditions: ammonium sulfate (4 g/L), SBP (20 g/L), and glucose (60 g/L). Under the optimized condition, the maximum enzyme activity reached 19.4 U/ml (127 U/mg), which increased by 5.84 times compared to non-optimized conditions. The exo-polygalacturonase molecular weight was estimated at 60 KDa. In line with the bioinformatic analysis, the exo-polygalacturonase sequence of P. indica showed similarity with Rhizoctonia solani's and Thanateporus cucumeris. These results indicated that SBP acts as a cheap and suitable inducer of exo-polygalacturonase production by P. indica in submerged cultivation. The outcome of this study will be useful for industries to decrease environmental pollution with cost-effective approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayyeh Kiani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Parisa Fathi Rezaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Sina Jamalzadegan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-7905, USA
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Optimisation of Xylanase–Pectinase Cocktail Production with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ADI2 Using a Low-Cost Substrate via Statistical Strategy. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8030119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
An effective statistical tool for increasing and boosting the production of xylanase and pectinase by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ADI2 during submerged fermentation (SmF) appears to be the response of surface methodology (RSM) using the central composite design (CCD). Optimum production was achieved under fermentation conditions of a temperature of 28 °C, pH of 8.38, inoculum size of 4% (w/v) and agitation speed of 94 rpm for 48 h. The experimental responses demonstrated a near agreement with the expected responses under optimum conditions of independent variables, suggesting the model’s validity. The optimised CCD model had a 1.34-fold, 159 ± 6 U/mL greater xylanase and 5.96-fold, 205 ± 9 U/mL greater pectinase production than the one factor at a time (OFAT) approach. The production of concurrent enzymes of xylanase–pectinase resulted in a ratio of 1:1.3.
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Almowallad SA, Aljobair MO, Alkuraieef AN, Aljahani AH, Alsuhaibani AM, Alsayadi MM. Utilization of agro-industrial orange peel and sugar beet pulp wastes for fungal endo- polygalacturonase production. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:963-969. [PMID: 35197764 PMCID: PMC8847967 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pectinase enzymes are involved in several industrial applications, and industrial waste is one of the largest environmental pollutants, so this study aims to Endo-polygalacturonase (endo-PG) producing using Aspergillus niger AUMC 4156, Penicillium oxalicum AUMC 4153 and P. variotii AUMC 4149 by using some agro-industrial wastes (dried orange peel and sugar beet pulp) as a sole raw carbon source for degradation these waste in the process of urban wastes disposal. The fermentation process was carried out as a submerged culture technique under both shaken and static culture conditions. A. niger AUMC 4156 was the most promising producer of endo-PG under static conditions while P. oxalicum AUMC 4153 was the highest producer of endo-PG under shaken conditions. Sugar beet pulp proved to be the most preferable to orange peel as the only source of carbon in both shaken and static cultures. The medium that encompassing orange peel as a single carbon source afforded the highest protein content with all tested fungal strains in stirred and static cultures in comparison with sugar beet pulp. The highest activity of endo-polygalacuronase that produced using A. niger AUMC 4156 and P. oxalicum AUMC 4153 was achieved by using sugar beet pulp at 3% concentration under static cultures, meanwhile maximal enzyme activity produced by both fungal strains required 2% sugar beet pulp under shaken cultures. Sugar beet pulp showed promised potential as a good inducer for endo-polygalacturoase production, and enzymes production depended on fungal strains, culture medium, and submerged fermentation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsan A. Almowallad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Moneera O. Aljobair
- Nutrition and Food Science (PHD), Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Amal N. Alkuraieef
- Nutrition and Food Science (PHD), Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani H. Aljahani
- Nutrition and Food Science (PHD), Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amnah M. Alsuhaibani
- Nutrition and Food Science (PHD), Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muneer M. Alsayadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
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Perović MN, Knežević Jugović ZD, Antov MG. Improved recovery of protein from soy grit by enzyme-assisted alkaline extraction. J FOOD ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2019.109894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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5
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Ravindran R, Hassan SS, Williams GA, Jaiswal AK. A Review on Bioconversion of Agro-Industrial Wastes to Industrially Important Enzymes. Bioengineering (Basel) 2018; 5:E93. [PMID: 30373279 PMCID: PMC6316327 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering5040093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Agro-industrial waste is highly nutritious in nature and facilitates microbial growth. Most agricultural wastes are lignocellulosic in nature; a large fraction of it is composed of carbohydrates. Agricultural residues can thus be used for the production of various value-added products, such as industrially important enzymes. Agro-industrial wastes, such as sugar cane bagasse, corn cob and rice bran, have been widely investigated via different fermentation strategies for the production of enzymes. Solid-state fermentation holds much potential compared with submerged fermentation methods for the utilization of agro-based wastes for enzyme production. This is because the physical⁻chemical nature of many lignocellulosic substrates naturally lends itself to solid phase culture, and thereby represents a means to reap the acknowledged potential of this fermentation method. Recent studies have shown that pretreatment technologies can greatly enhance enzyme yields by several fold. This article gives an overview of how agricultural waste can be productively harnessed as a raw material for fermentation. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of studies conducted in the production of different commercially important enzymes using lignocellulosic food waste has been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Ravindran
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Cathal Brugha Street, D01 HV58 Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, D08 NF82 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Shady S Hassan
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Cathal Brugha Street, D01 HV58 Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, D08 NF82 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Gwilym A Williams
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, D08 NF82 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Amit K Jaiswal
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Cathal Brugha Street, D01 HV58 Dublin, Ireland.
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Li Q, Loman AA, Callow NV, Islam SM, Ju LK. Leveraging pH profiles to direct enzyme production (cellulase, xylanase, polygalacturonase, pectinase, α-galactosidase, and invertase) by Aspergillus foetidus. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Patidar MK, Nighojkar S, Kumar A, Nighojkar A. Pectinolytic enzymes-solid state fermentation, assay methods and applications in fruit juice industries: a review. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:199. [PMID: 29581931 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A plethora of solid substrates, cultivation conditions and enzyme assay methods have been used for efficient production and estimation of polygalacturonase and pectin methylesterase enzymes. Recent developments in industrial biotechnology offer several opportunities for the utilization of low cost agro-industrial waste in Solid State Fermentation (SSF) for the pectinolytic enzyme production using fungi. Fruit waste mainly citrus fruit waste alone and along with other agro-industrial waste has been explored in SSF for enzyme production. Agro-industrial waste, due to the economic advantage of low procuring cost has been employed in SSF bioreactors for pectinolytic enzyme production. Acidic pectinases produced by fungi are utilized especially in food industries for clarification of fruit juices. This review focuses on the recent developments in SSF processes utilizing agro-industrial residues for polygalacturonase and pectin methylesterase production, their various assay methods and applications in fruit juice industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Patidar
- Maharaja Ranjit Singh College of Professional Sciences, Hemkunt Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001 India
| | - Sadhana Nighojkar
- Mata Gujri College of Professional Studies, A.B. Road, Indore, 452001 India
| | - Anil Kumar
- 3School of Biotechnology, Devi Ahilya University, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001 India
| | - Anand Nighojkar
- Maharaja Ranjit Singh College of Professional Sciences, Hemkunt Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001 India
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8
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Production of pectinases for quality apple juice through fermentation of orange pomace. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2017; 54:4123-4128. [PMID: 29085155 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2829-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Production of pectinases by Aspergillus niger was successfully carried out through solid state fermentation. Orange pomace was used as substrate to produce pectinases using a wild type of A. niger isolated from a rotten orange texture. Some of the important parameters affecting exo- and endo-pectinases activities such as temperature, moisture, C/N ratio were optimized. The results indicated that the produced pectinases exhibited maximum activity in temperature range of 45-55 °C and the maximum enzyme productivity occurred at 70% moisture content and C/N ratio of 10. The enzyme kinetic was studied using Michaelis-Menten and Logistic model and the equation were fitted to experimental data for both exo- and endo-pectinases activities. In evaluation of kinetic model, it was found that Monod model presented perfectly fitted with experimental data. Monod kinetic parameters [Formula: see text] for exo-pectinase activities were [Formula: see text] mM, respectively. The Monod kinetic parameters [Formula: see text] for endo-pectinase activity were [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] respectively. Finally, the performances of the produced pectinases were evaluated on natural apple juice. It was confirmed that concentration of soluble sugar, clarity and viscosity of the juice and the yield of extracted juice were significantly improved by the enzymatic hydrolysis activity of pectinases.
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Zheng YX, Wang YL, Pan J, Zhang JR, Dai Y, Chen KY. Semi-continuous production of high-activity pectinases by immobilized Rhizopus oryzae using tobacco wastewater as substrate and their utilization in the hydrolysis of pectin-containing lignocellulosic biomass at high solid content. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 241:1138-1144. [PMID: 28673517 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, highly reactive endo- and exo-polygalacturonases (PGs) were produced from the tobacco industry wastewater using immobilized Rhizopus oryzae. Compared with free cells, immobilized cells increased enzyme activity 2.8-fold and reduced production time to 24h by shake-flask production. Moreover, the immobilized cells enabled the semi-continuous production of enzymes through repeated-batch mode for seven consecutive cycles in a scale-up bioreactor. During the first five cycles, the average endo-PG and exo-PG activities reached 307.5 and 242.6U/ml, respectively. The addition of crude enzyme for the hydrolysis of pectin-containing lignocellulosic biomass under high-gravity conditions increased glucose release 4.2-fold (115.4 vs. 29.0g/L), compared with hydrolysis using cellulase alone. This process achieves the efficient production of pectin-degrading enzymes, provides a cost-effective method for tobacco wastewater treatment, and offers the possibility to obtain fermentable sugars with high-titer from pectin-containing lignocellulosic biomass, which has important potential for the commercial production of bio-fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xi Zheng
- Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Research Center for Tobacco Bioengineering and Technology of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission, Chongqing 401147, China; China Tobacco Chongqing Industrial Co. Ltd., Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Yuan-Liang Wang
- Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Research Center for Tobacco Bioengineering and Technology of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission, Chongqing 401147, China.
| | - Jun Pan
- Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Research Center for Tobacco Bioengineering and Technology of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Jian-Rong Zhang
- Research Center for Tobacco Bioengineering and Technology of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Ya Dai
- China Tobacco Chongqing Industrial Co. Ltd., Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Kun-Yan Chen
- China Tobacco Chongqing Industrial Co. Ltd., Chongqing 400000, China
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Ravindran R, Jaiswal AK. Microbial Enzyme Production Using Lignocellulosic Food Industry Wastes as Feedstock: A Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2016; 3:E30. [PMID: 28952592 PMCID: PMC5597273 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering3040030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes are of great importance in the industry due to their substrate and product specificity, moderate reaction conditions, minimal by-product formation and high yield. They are important ingredients in several products and production processes. Up to 30% of the total production cost of enzymes is attributed to the raw materials costs. The food industry expels copious amounts of processing waste annually, which is mostly lignocellulosic in nature. Upon proper treatment, lignocellulose can replace conventional carbon sources in media preparations for industrial microbial processes, such as enzyme production. However, wild strains of microorganisms that produce industrially important enzymes show low yield and cannot thrive on artificial substrates. The application of recombinant DNA technology and metabolic engineering has enabled researchers to develop superior strains that can not only withstand harsh environmental conditions within a bioreactor but also ensure timely delivery of optimal results. This article gives an overview of the current complications encountered in enzyme production and how accumulating food processing waste can emerge as an environment-friendly and economically feasible solution for a choice of raw material. It also substantiates the latest techniques that have emerged in enzyme purification and recovery over the past four years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Ravindran
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Cathal Brugha Street, Dublin D01 HV58, Ireland.
| | - Amit K Jaiswal
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Cathal Brugha Street, Dublin D01 HV58, Ireland.
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Production and Properties of a Thermostable, pH-Stable Exo-Polygalacturonase Using Aureobasidium pullulans Isolated from Saharan Soil of Algeria Grown on Tomato Pomace. Foods 2016; 5:foods5040072. [PMID: 28231166 PMCID: PMC5302420 DOI: 10.3390/foods5040072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polygalacturonase is a valuable biocatalyst for several industrial applications. Production of polygalacturonase using the Aureobasidium pullulans stain isolated from Saharan soil of Algeria was investigated. Its capacity to produce polygalacturonase was assessed under submerged culture using tomato pomace as an abundant agro-industrial substrate. Optimization of the medium components, which enhance polygalacturonase activity of the strain Aureobasidium pullulans, was achieved with the aid of response surface methodology. The composition of the optimized medium was as follows: tomato pomace 40 g/L, lactose 1.84 g/L, CaCl20.09 g/L and pH 5.16. Practical validation of the optimum medium provided polygalacturonase activity of 22.05 U/mL, which was 5-fold higher than in unoptimized conditions. Batch cultivation in a 20 L bioreactor performed with the optimal nutrients and conditions resulted in a high polygalacturonase content (25.75 U/mL). The enzyme showed stability over a range of temperature (5–90 °C) with an optimum temperature of 60 °C with pH 5.0, exhibiting 100% residual activity after 1h at 60 °C. This enzyme was stable at a broad pH range (5.0–10). The enzyme proved to be an exo-polygalacturonase, releasing galacturonic acid by hydrolysis of polygalacturonic acid. Moreover, the exo-polygalacturonase was able to enhance the clarification of both apple and citrus juice. As a result, an economical polygalacturonase production process was defined and proposed using an industrial food by-product.
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12
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Garg G, Singh A, Kaur A, Singh R, Kaur J, Mahajan R. Microbial pectinases: an ecofriendly tool of nature for industries. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:47. [PMID: 28330117 PMCID: PMC4746199 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0371-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pectinases are the growing enzymes of biotechnological sector, showing gradual increase in their market. They hold a leading position among the commercially produced industrial enzymes. These enzymes are ecofriendly tool of nature that are being used extensively in various industries like wine industry; food industry; paper industry for bleaching of pulp and waste paper recycling; in the processing of fruit–vegetables, tea–coffee, animal feed; extraction of vegetable oil and scouring of plant fibres. Moreover, enzymatic catalysis is preferred over other chemical methods, since it is more specific, less aggressive and saves energy. This is the review which covers the information available on the applicability potential of this group of enzymes in various sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Garg
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markendeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - A Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - A Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - R Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - J Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Mahajan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India.
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Jaramillo PMD, Andreaus J, Neto GPDS, Castro CFDS, Filho EXF. The characterization of a pectin-degrading enzyme fromAspergillus oryzaegrown on passion fruit peel as the carbon source and the evaluation of its potential for industrial applications. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2016. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2016.1168817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Poondla V, Yannam SK, Gummadi SN, Subramanyam R, Reddy Obulam VS. Enhanced production of pectinase by Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolate using fruit and agro-industrial wastes: Its application in fruit and fiber processing. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Patidar MK, Nighojkar S, Kumar A, Nighojkar A. Papaya peel valorization for production of acidic pectin methylesterase by Aspergillus tubingensis and its application for fruit juice clarification. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Zeni J, Ambrozini É, Pili J, Cence K, Toniazzo Backes G, Valduga E. Production and characterization ofPenicillium brasilianumpectinases with regard to industrial application. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2016. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2016.1162788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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17
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Pili J, Danielli A, Zeni J, Trentini MMS, Cansian RL, Toniazzo G, Valduga E. Utilization of Orange Peel, Corn Steep Liquor, and Parboiled Rice Water in the Production of Polygalacturonase from Aspergillus niger. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2015. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2015.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonaina Pili
- Department of Food Engineering, URI Erechim, Erechim, Brazil
| | | | - Jamile Zeni
- Department of Food Engineering, URI Erechim, Erechim, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Eunice Valduga
- Department of Food Engineering, URI Erechim, Erechim, Brazil
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19
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Ajayi AA, Peter-Albert CF, Akeredolu M, Shokunbi AA. Clarification of Tomato Juice with Polygalacturonase Obtained from Tomato Fruits Infected by Aspergillus niger. Pak J Biol Sci 2015; 18:74-80. [PMID: 26364357 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2015.74.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Two varieties of tomato fruits commonly available in Nigerian markets are the Roma VF and Ibadan local varieties of tomato fruits. The Roma VF fruits are oval in shape. It is a common type of cultivar in the Northern region of Nigeria and it is not susceptible to cracking. The Ibadan local variety of tomato fruits is a local variety commonly found on farmers fields in South-western region of Nigeria. They are highly susceptible to cracking. The Ibadan local variety was employed for this research. There are lots of benefits derived from the consumption of tomato fruits. The fruits can be made into tomato juice clarified with pectinases. Polygalacturonase is one of the pectinases used commercially in the clarification of fruit juice from different fruits. This study examined the production of polygalacturonase during the deterioration of tomato fruits by Aspergillus niger and the role of the purified polygalacturonase in the clarification of tomato juice. Tomato fruits of the Ibadan local variety were inoculated with mycelia discs containing spores of a 96-h-old culture of Aspergillus niger served as the inoculum. The organism from the stock culture was subcultured onto potato dextrose agar plates. The extraction of polygalacturonase after 10 days of incubation at 27 degrees C was carried out by homogenizing the fruits with liquid extractant using the MSE homogenizer after the deteriorated fruits had been chilled for 30 min inside a freezer. Control fruits were similarly treated except that sterile potato dextrose agar served as the inoculum. The effect of different temperature of incubation and different volume of enzyme on the tomato juice from the tomato fruits was investigated. Extracts from the inoculated fruits exhibited appreciable polygalacturonase activity. The juice with polygalacturonase was visually clearer and more voluminous than the juice treated with water for all parameters studied. The highest volume of juice was obtained after an incubation period of 30 min for the tomato fruits. The increase in juice yield can be attributed to the hydrolysis of pectin which releases the sap inside the cells of the pulp. The occurrence of polygalacturonase in tomato tissues infected by A. niger coupled with the trace amount in the non-infected tissues suggests that the enzyme is of fungal origin. The role of the polygalacturonase in the clarification process was established. This study will be very useful for industrial tomato juice production.
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Meneghel L, Reis GP, Reginatto C, Malvessi E, da Silveira MM. Assessment of pectinase production by Aspergillus oryzae in growth-limiting liquid medium under limited and non-limited oxygen supply. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Biz A, Farias FC, Motter FA, de Paula DH, Richard P, Krieger N, Mitchell DA. Pectinase activity determination: an early deceleration in the release of reducing sugars throws a spanner in the works! PLoS One 2014; 9:e109529. [PMID: 25337712 PMCID: PMC4206274 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, it has been suggested that pectinases could be used to hydrolyze pectin in biorefineries based on pectin-rich agro-industrial wastes. However, for this to be viable, the cost of their production would need to be lowered significantly. In fact, over the last few decades, there have been many attempts to improve pectinase production by existing strains or to screen for new strains from environmental isolates. In these studies, it is necessary to measure pectinase activities. Many researchers use single-time-point assays that involve incubation of pectinolytic extracts with pectic substrates for a fixed time, followed by determination of the liberated reducing sugars. However, different researchers use quite different conditions for this assay. Furthermore, no attention has been given to the reaction profile during the assay. In the current work, we show, for the first time, that a significant deceleration of the rate of liberation of reducing sugars occurs over the first ten minutes of the reaction. As a consequence, the incubation time used in a single-time-point assay has a large effect on the value obtained for the activity. In fact, we demonstrate that, depending on the particular combination of incubation time, pectin concentration and reaction temperature, the same extract could be reported to have activities that differ by an order of magnitude. In addition, we show that the relative activities obtained with polygalacturonic acid do not correlate with those obtained with pectin. We conclude that it is currently impossible to make meaningful comparisons between pectinase activities reported in the literature by workers who have used different assay conditions. Therefore there is an urgent need for the development of a standardized assay for evaluating the saccharification potential of pectinase complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Biz
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Cardoso Farias
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Francine Aline Motter
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Diogo Henrique de Paula
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Peter Richard
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Nadia Krieger
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - David Alexander Mitchell
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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22
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Pectinase production by Aspergillus niger using banana (Musa balbisiana) peel as substrate and its effect on clarification of banana juice. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2014; 52:3579-89. [PMID: 26028740 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1413-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Optimization of substrate concentration, time of incubation and temperature for crude pectinase production from A. niger was carried out using Bhimkol banana (Musa balbisiana) peel as substrate. The crude pectinase produced was partially purified using ethanol and effectiveness of crude and partially purified pectinase was studied for banana juice clarification. The optimum substrate concentration, incubation time and temperature of incubation were 8.07 %, 65.82 h and 32.37 °C respectively, and the polygalacturonase (PG) activity achieved was 6.6 U/ml for crude pectinase. The partially purified enzyme showed more than 3 times of polygalacturonase activity as compared to the crude enzyme. The SDS-PAGE profile showed that the molecular weight of proteins present in the different pectinases varied from 34 to 42 kDa. The study further revealed that highest clarification was achieved when raw banana juice was incubated for 60 min with 2 % concentration of partially purified pectinase and the absorbance obtained was 0.10.
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23
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Cloning, expression of Aspergillus niger JL-15 endo-polygalacturonase A gene in Pichia pastoris and oligo-galacturonates production. Protein Expr Purif 2014; 94:53-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2013.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Liu D, Li J, Zhao S, Zhang R, Wang M, Miao Y, Shen Y, Shen Q. Secretome diversity and quantitative analysis of cellulolytic Aspergillus fumigatus Z5 in the presence of different carbon sources. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2013; 6:149. [PMID: 24131596 PMCID: PMC3853031 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-6-149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspergillus fumigatus Z5 has a strong ability to decompose lignocellulose biomass, and its extracellular protein secretion has been reported in earlier studies employing traditional techniques. However, a comprehensive analysis of its secretion in the presence of different carbon sources is still lacking. The goal of this work was to identify, quantify and compare the secretome of A. fumigatus Z5 in the presence of different carbon sources to understand in more details the mechanisms of lignocellulose decomposition by Aspergillus fumigatus Z5. RESULTS Cellulolytic A. fumigatus Z5 was grown in the presence of glucose (Gl), Avicel (Av) and rice straw (RS), and the activities of several lignocellulosic enzymes were determined with chromatometry method. The maximum activities of endoglucanase, exoglucanase, β-glucosidase, laminarinase, lichenase, xylanase and pectin lyase were 12.52, 0.59, 2.30, 2.37, 1.68, 15.02 and 11.40 U·ml-1, respectively. A total of 152, 125 and 61 different proteins were identified in the presence of RS, Av and Gl, respectively, and the proteins were functionally divided into glycoside hydrolases, lipases, peptidases, peroxidases, esterases, protein translocating transporters and hypothetical proteins. A total of 49 proteins were iTRAQ-quantified in all the treatments, and the quantification results indicated that most of the cellulases, hemicellulases and glycoside hydrolases were highly upregulated when rice straw and Avicel were used as carbon sources (compared with glucose). CONCLUSIONS The proteins secreted from A. fumigatus Z5 in the present of different carbon source conditions were identified by LC-MS/MS and quantified by iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics. The results indicated that A. fumigatus Z5 could produce considerable cellulose-, hemicellulose-, pectin- and lignin-degrading enzymes that are valuable for the lignocellulosic bioenergy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Juan Li
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruifu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Youzhi Miao
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yifei Shen
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qirong Shen
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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25
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Munarin F, Tanzi M, Petrini P. Advances in biomedical applications of pectin gels. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:681-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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26
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Taskin M. Co-production of tannase and pectinase by free and immobilized cells of the yeast Rhodotorula glutinis MP-10 isolated from tannin-rich persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) fruits. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2012; 36:165-72. [PMID: 22717667 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-012-0771-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Hyper tannase and pectinase-producing yeast Rhodotorula glutinis MP-10 was isolated from persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) fruits. The main pectinase activity of yeast was exo-polygalacturonase. No pectin methyl esterase and too low pectin lyase activities were detected for this yeast. The maximum exo-activities of tannase and polygalacturonase were determined as 15.2 and 26.9 U/mL for free cells and 19.8 and 28.6 U/mL for immobilized cells, respectively. Immobilized cells could be reused in 13 successive reaction cycles without any loss in the maximum tannase and polygalacturonase activities. Besides, too little decreases in activities of these enzymes were recorded between 14 and 18 cycles. At the end of 18 successive reaction cycles, total 503.1 U/mL of polygalacturonase and 349.6 U/mL of tannase could be produced using the same immobilized cells. This is the first report on the use of free and/or immobilized cells of a microorganism for the co-production of tannase and pectinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesut Taskin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
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27
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Techno-economic analysis of processes for Aspergillus carbonarius polygalacturonase production. J Biosci Bioeng 2012; 113:634-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2011.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2011] [Revised: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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28
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Kumar YS, Kumar PV, Reddy OVS. Pectinase Production from Mango Peel UsingAspergillus foetidusand its Application in Processing of Mango Juice. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2012.670830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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29
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Díaz AB, de Ory I, Caro I, Blandino A. Enhance hydrolytic enzymes production by Aspergillus awamori on supplemented grape pomace. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2010.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Umsza-Guez MA, Díaz AB, de Ory I, Blandino A, Gomes E, Caro I. Xylanase production by Aspergillus awamori under solid state fermentation conditions on tomato pomace. Braz J Microbiol 2011; 42:1585-97. [PMID: 24031793 PMCID: PMC3768745 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220110004000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, tomato pomace, a waste abundantly available in the Mediterranean and other temperate climates agro-food industries, has been used as raw material for the production of some hydrolytic enzymes, including xylanase, exo-polygalacturonase (exo-PG), cellulase (CMCase) and α-amylase. The principal step of the process is the solid state fermentation (SSF) of this residue by Aspergillus awamori. In several laboratory experiments, maximum xylanase and exo-PG activities were measured during the first days of culture, reaching values around 100 and 80 IU/gds (international units of enzyme activity per gram of dried solid), respectively. For CMCase and α-amylase production remained almost constant along fermentation, with average values of 19 and 21.5 IU/gds, respectively. Experiments carried out in a plate-type bioreactor at lab scale showed a clear positive effect of aeration on xylanase and CMCase, while the opposite was observed for exo-PG and α-amylase. In general, xylanase was the enzyme produced in higher levels, thus the optimum conditions for the determination of the enzyme activity was characterized. The xylanase activity shows an optimum pH of 5 and an optimum temperature of 50 ºC. The enzyme is activated by Mg(2+), but strongly inhibited by Hg(2+) and Cu(2+). The enzymatic activity remains quite high if the extract is preserved in a range of pH from 3 to 10 and a temperature between 30 ºC to 40 ºC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo A. Umsza-Guez
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Ana B. Díaz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, Apdo. 40, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
| | - Ignacio de Ory
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, Apdo. 40, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
| | - Ana Blandino
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, Apdo. 40, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
| | - Eleni Gomes
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Ildefonso Caro
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, Apdo. 40, Puerto Real, Cádiz 11510, Spain
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31
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Co-cultivation of mutant Penicillium oxalicum SAUE-3.510 and Pleurotus ostreatus for simultaneous biosynthesis of xylanase and laccase under solid-state fermentation. N Biotechnol 2011; 28:616-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2011.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Revised: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Evaluation of production and characterization of polygalacturonase by Aspergillus niger ATCC 9642. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Teixeira JA, Gonçalves DB, de Queiroz MV, de Araújo EF. Improved pectinase production in Penicillium griseoroseum recombinant strains. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 111:818-25. [PMID: 21726361 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05099.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To obtain recombinant strains of Penicillium griseoroseum that produce high levels of pectin lyase (PL) and polygalacturonase (PG) simultaneously. METHODS AND RESULTS A strain with high production of PL was transformed with the plasmid pAN52pgg2, containing the gene encoding PG of P. griseoroseum, under control of the gpd promoter gene from Aspergillus nidulans. Southern blot analysis demonstrated that all strain had at least one copy of pAN52pgg2 integrated into the genome. The recombinant strain P. griseoroseum T20 produced levels of PL and PG that were 266- and 27-fold greater, respectively, than the wild-type strain. Furthermore, the extracellular protein profile of recombinant T20 showed two protein bands of c. 36 and 38 kDa, associated with PL and PG, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This recombinant strain T20 produces PL and PG using carbon sources of low costs, and an enzyme preparation that is free of cellulolytic and proteolytic activities. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY PL and PG play an important role in the degradation of pectin. Owing to their use in the juice and wines industries, there is a growing interest in the inexpensive production of these enzymes. This work describes an efficient system of protein expression and secretion using the fungus P. griseoroseum.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Teixeira
- Departamento de Microbiologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
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34
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Maller A, Damásio ARL, da Silva TM, Jorge JA, Terenzi HF, Polizeli MDLTDM. Biotechnological Potential of Agro-Industrial Wastes as a Carbon Source to Thermostable Polygalacturonase Production in Aspergillus niveus. Enzyme Res 2011; 2011:289206. [PMID: 21837272 PMCID: PMC3132474 DOI: 10.4061/2011/289206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Revised: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Agro-industrial wastes are mainly composed of complex polysaccharides that might serve as nutrients for microbial growth and production of enzymes. The aim of this work was to study polygalacturonase (PG) production by Aspergillus niveus cultured on liquid or solid media supplemented with agro-industrial wastes. Submerged fermentation (SbmF) was tested using Czapeck media supplemented with 28 different carbon sources. Among these, orange peel was the best PG inducer. On the other hand, for solid state fermentation (SSF), lemon peel was the best inducer. By comparing SbmF with SSF, both supplemented with lemon peel, it was observed that PG levels were 4.4-fold higher under SSF. Maximum PG activity was observed at 55°C and pH 4.0. The enzyme was stable at 60°C for 90 min and at pH 3.0–5.0. The properties of this enzyme, produced on inexpensive fermentation substrates, were interesting and suggested several biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Maller
- Biochemistry and Immunology Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, São Paulo University, Avenue Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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KAR SHAKTIMAY, RAY RAMESHCHANDRA. PURIFICATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION OF THERMOSTABLE EXO-POLYGALACTURONASE FROM STREPTOMYCES ERUMPENS MTCC 7317. J Food Biochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2010.00372.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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36
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Anuradha K, Padma PN, Venkateshwar S, Reddy G. Fungal isolates from natural pectic substrates for polygalacturonase and multienzyme production. Indian J Microbiol 2010; 50:339-44. [PMID: 23100850 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-010-0054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2008] [Accepted: 08/14/2008] [Indexed: 09/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pectin rich wastes and waste dump yard soils were screened and eighty pectinolytic fungal isolates were obtained by enrichment culturing and ruthenium red plate assay. Eight isolates with higher zones of pectin hydrolysis were selected and tested for polygalacturonase production. One isolate identified as Aspergillus awamori MTCC 9166 with highest polygalacturonase activity was tested for utilization of raw pectins for enzyme production. Polygalacturonase production was high in raw pectin sources like Orange peel (16.8 U/ml) Jack fruit rind (38 U/ml) Carrot peel (36U/ml) and Beet root peel (24U/ml). Selected Aspergillus awamori MTCC 9166 was found to be having good polygalacturonase, xylanase, cellulase and weak amylase and protease activities. This isolate with multi-enzyme production could have application for enzymes production and degradation of fruit and vegetable waste in the process of urban waste disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Anuradha
- BVB Vivekananda College, Secunderabad, 500 094 India
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37
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Cardoso PG, Teixeira JA, de Queiroz MV, de Araújo EF. Pectin lyase production by recombinant Penicillium griseoroseum strain 105. Can J Microbiol 2010; 56:831-7. [DOI: 10.1139/w10-072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant Penicillium griseoroseum strain 105 overproduces an extracellular pectin lyase (PL) under the transcriptional control of the strong gpdA promoter of Aspergillus nidulans . Our aim was to evaluate PL production by recombinant P. griseoroseum strain 105 in submerged fermentation system bioreactors BioFloIII and BioFloIV using 2 or 10 L working volumes under different growth conditions and to analyze the production of cellulase, polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase, and protease. PL overproduction by recombinant P. griseoroseum strain 105 was 112 times higher than that of P. griseoroseum PG63 grown in sugarcane juice. Cellulases and proteases were not detected in the culture filtrate, and evaluation for extracellular proteins in the culture medium by SDS–PAGE showed the presence of a 36 kDa predominant band, similar to the molecular mass estimated from the nucleotide sequence of plg1 gene for PL of P. griseoroseum strain 105. This recombinant strain provides the advantage of PL production, which predominates over other extracellular proteins usually present in most commercial pectinase preparations, using sugarcane juice as a substrate of low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Gomes Cardoso
- Departamento de Biologia, Setor de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras-MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
| | - Janaina Aparecida Teixeira
- Departamento de Biologia, Setor de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras-MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
| | - Marisa Vieira de Queiroz
- Departamento de Biologia, Setor de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras-MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
| | - Elza Fernandes de Araújo
- Departamento de Biologia, Setor de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras-MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária (BIOAGRO), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil
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Optimizing endopectinase production from date pomace by Aspergillus niger PC5 using response surface methodology. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2009.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Purification of an Exopolygalacturonase from Penicillium viridicatum RFC3 Produced in Submerged Fermentation. Int J Microbiol 2010; 2009:631942. [PMID: 20148174 PMCID: PMC2817892 DOI: 10.1155/2009/631942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2009] [Revised: 10/01/2009] [Accepted: 11/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An exo-PG obtained
from Penicillium viridicatum in
submerged fermentation was purified to
homogeneity. The apparent molecular weight of
the enzyme was 92 kDa, optimum pH and
temperature for activity were pH 5 and
50–55°C. The exo-PG showed a profile of an
exo-polygalacturonase, releasing galacturonic acid by hydrolysis
of pectin with a high degree of esterification (D.E.). Ions
Ca2+ enhanced the stability of enzyme and its activity by 30%. The Km was 1.30 in absence of Ca2+ and 1.16 mg mL−1 in presence of this ion. In relation to the Vmax the presence of this ion increased from 1.76 to 2.07 μmol min−1mg−1.
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Abdeshahia P, Samat N, Wan Yusoff W. Utilization of Palm Kernel Cake for Production of β-Glucosidase by Aspergillus niger FTCC 5003 in Solid Substrate Fermentation Using an Aerated Column Bioreactor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3923/biotech.2010.17.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Fontana RC, Polidoro TA, da Silveira MM. Comparison of stirred tank and airlift bioreactors in the production of polygalacturonases by Aspergillus oryzae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:4493-4498. [PMID: 19467860 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2007] [Revised: 11/11/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The production of endo and exo-polygalacturonase (PG) by Aspergillus oryzae IPT 301 was studied in a stirred tank bioreactor (STR) and an internal circulation airlift bioreactor. Using a factorial experimental design, a soluble culture medium was defined which allowed the production of exo- and endo-PG comparable to that obtained in a medium containing suspended wheat bran. The soluble medium was used in tests to compare the production of these enzymes in the STR and airlift bioreactor. In these tests, after 96 h, maximum enzymatic activity values achieved for exo- and endo-PG were 65.2 units (U) per mL and 91.3 U mL(-1), in the STR, with similar activity values of 60.6 U mL(-1) and 86.2 U mL(-1), respectively, being achieved in the airlift bioreactor. The airlift bioreactor also showed satisfactory results regarding the oxygen transfer rate in this process, indicating its potential to be used in an eventual larger scale production of exo- and endo-PG, with lower costs for both installation and operation.
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Sun SY, Xu Y. Membrane-bound 'synthetic lipase' specifically cultured under solid-state fermentation and submerged fermentation by Rhizopus chinensis: a comparative investigation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:1336-1342. [PMID: 18809324 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2008] [Revised: 07/24/2008] [Accepted: 07/28/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Rhizopus chinensis was able to produce synthetic lipases under both solid-state and submerged fermentations. These lipases were extracted from cell membrane using Triton X-100, and purified to homogeneity through ammonium sulfate precipitation, hydrophobic interaction chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. Judging from SDS-PAGE, the specific synthetic lipases associated with SSF (named as SSL) and SmF (named as SML) were different in the apparent molecular mass (62 and 40kDa). In term of hydrolytic activity, both enzymes exhibited maximum values at pH 8.0 and 40 degrees C; SSL appeared to be more pH tolerant and thermostable than SML. PMSF negligibly affected SSL but strongly reduced the activity of SML. Both enzymes showed clear preference for long-chained p-nitrophenyl esters, yielding maximum activity towards p-nitrophenyl palmitate (with SSL) and p-nitrophenyl laurate (with SML). In term of synthetic activity, lyophilized enzymes gave the highest values both at 30 degrees C, but at different pH memories (7.5 for SSL and 6.5 for SML). Most of ethyl esters synthesized by the two enzymes achieved good yields (>90%), and tetradecanoic acid and laurate acid separately served as the best acyl donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China
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Mathew A, Eldo AN, Molly AG. Optimization of culture conditions for the production of thermostable polygalacturonase by Penicillium SPC-F 20. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 35:1001-5. [PMID: 18504630 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-008-0375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2008] [Accepted: 05/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Mathew
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany, St. Peter's College, Kolenchery P.O., Kerala, 682311, India.
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do Rosário Freixo M, Karmali A, Arteiro JM. Production of polygalacturonase from Coriolus versicolor grown on tomato pomace and its chromatographic behaviour on immobilized metal chelates. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 35:475-84. [PMID: 18253772 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-008-0305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2007] [Accepted: 12/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tomato pomace and pectin were used as the sole carbon sources for the production of polygalacturonase from a strain of Coriolus versicolor in submerged culture. The culture of C. versicolor grown on tomato pomace exhibited a peak of polygalacturonase activity (1,427 U/l) on the third day of culture with a specific activity of 14.5 U/mg protein. The production of polygalacturonase by C. versicolor grown on pectin as a sole carbon source increased with the time of cultivation, reaching a maximum activity of 3,207 U/l of fermentation broth with a specific activity of 248 U/mg protein. The levels of different isoenzymes of polygalacturonase produced during the culture growth were analysed by native PAGE. Differential chromatographic behaviour of lignocellulosic enzymes produced by C. versicolor (i.e. polygalacturonase, xylanase and laccase) was studied on immobilized metal chelates. The effect of ligand concentration, pH, the length of spacer arm and the nature of metal ion were studied for enzyme adsorption on immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). The adsorption of these lignocellulosic enzymes onto immobilized metal chelates was pH-dependent since an increase in protein adsorption was observed as the pH was increased from 6.0 to 8.0. The adsorption of polygalacturonase as well as other enzymes to immobilized metal chelates was due to coordination of histidine residues which are available at the protein surface since the presence of imidazole in the equilibration buffer abolished the adsorption of the enzyme to immobilized metal chelates. A one-step purification of polygalacturonase from C. versicolor was devised by using a column of Sepharose 6B-EPI 30-IDA-Cu(II) and purified enzyme exhibited a specific activity of about 150 U/mg protein, final recovery of enzyme activity of 100% and a purification factor of about 10. The use of short spacer arm and the presence of imidazole in equilibration buffer exhibited a higher selectivity for purification of polygalacturonase on this column with a high purification factor. The purified enzyme preparation was analysed by SDS-PAGE as well as by "in situ" detection of enzyme activity.
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Niture SK, Pant A. Production of cell wall-degrading enzymes by a pH tolerant estuarine fungal isolate Fusarium moniliforme NCIM1276 in different culture conditions. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-007-9347-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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