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Kim JH, Chi WJ. Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of Xylanase Produced by Streptomyces viridodiastaticus MS9, a Newly Isolated Soil Bacterium. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:176-184. [PMID: 38037397 PMCID: PMC10840471 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2309.09029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
A xylan-degrading bacterial strain, MS9, was recently isolated from soil samples collected in Namhae, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea. This strain was identified as a variant of Streptomyces viridodiastaticus NBRC13106T based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, DNA-DNA hybridization analysis, and other chemotaxonomic characteristics, and was named S. viridodiastaticus MS9 (=KCTC29014= DSM42055). In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular and biochemical characteristics of a xylanase (XynCvir) identified from S. viridodiastaticus MS9. XynCvir (molecular weight ≍ 21 kDa) was purified from a modified Luria-Bertani medium, in which cell growth and xylanase production considerably increased after addition of xylan. Thin layer chromatography of xylan-hydrolysate showed that XynCvir is an endo-(1,4)-β-xylanase that degrades xylan into a series of xylooligosaccharides, ultimately converting it to xylobiose. The Km and Vmax values of XynCvir for beechwood xylan were 1.13 mg/ml and 270.3 U/mg, respectively. Only one protein (GHF93985.1, 242 amino acids) containing an amino acid sequence identical to the amino-terminal sequence of XynCvir was identified in the genome of S. viridodiastaticus. GHF93985.1 with the twin-arginine translocation signal peptide is cleaved between Ala-50 and Ala-51 to form the mature protein (21.1 kDa; 192 amino acids), which has the same amino-terminal sequence (ATTITTNQT) and molecular weight as XynCvir, indicating GHF93985.1 corresponds to XynCvir. Since none of the 100 open reading frames most homologous to GHF93985.1 listed in GenBank have been identified for their biochemical functions, our findings greatly contribute to the understanding of their biochemical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoil University, Seoul 02192, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jae Chi
- Species Diversity Research Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
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2
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Archaea as a Model System for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13010114. [PMID: 36671499 PMCID: PMC9855744 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Archaea represents the third domain of life, displaying a closer relationship with eukaryotes than bacteria. These microorganisms are valuable model systems for molecular biology and biotechnology. In fact, nowadays, methanogens, halophiles, thermophilic euryarchaeota, and crenarchaeota are the four groups of archaea for which genetic systems have been well established, making them suitable as model systems and allowing for the increasing study of archaeal genes' functions. Furthermore, thermophiles are used to explore several aspects of archaeal biology, such as stress responses, DNA replication and repair, transcription, translation and its regulation mechanisms, CRISPR systems, and carbon and energy metabolism. Extremophilic archaea also represent a valuable source of new biomolecules for biological and biotechnological applications, and there is growing interest in the development of engineered strains. In this review, we report on some of the most important aspects of the use of archaea as a model system for genetic evolution, the development of genetic tools, and their application for the elucidation of the basal molecular mechanisms in this domain of life. Furthermore, an overview on the discovery of new enzymes of biotechnological interest from archaea thriving in extreme environments is reported.
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Fernandes de Souza H, Aguiar Borges L, Dédalo Di Próspero Gonçalves V, Vitor dos Santos J, Sousa Bessa M, Fronja Carosia M, Vieira de Carvalho M, Viana Brandi I, Setsuko Kamimura E. Recent advances in the application of xylanases in the food industry and production by actinobacteria: a review. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Patel DK, Dave G. pCold-assisted expression of a thermostable xylanase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: cloning, expression and characterization. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:245. [PMID: 36033913 PMCID: PMC9411286 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03315-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The biotechnological application of bacterial xylanases requires a high thermostability, a catalytically active state for a broad pH range. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (MTCC 1270) xynA gene was amplified and cloned into the pCold vector and was expressed in Escherichia coli to evaluate the expressed proteins' thermostability. The pCold, compared to other similar vectors, has unique properties-including pH and temperature tolerance due to the presence of the cspA promoter. The recombinant xynA-pCold (rxynApC) showed the expression of xynA gene with a molecular weight of ~ 27 kDa, confirmed on SDS-PAGE. The rxynApC exhibits optimal activity at 70 °C and pH 8.0. The residual activity of the recombinant enzyme was 90% at pH 8.0. The thermal decomposition temperature (T d) value for the rxynApC enzyme was 93.33 °C obtained from the thermogravimetric analysis, indicating the potent stability of the cloned enzyme. The specific activity of native xylanase and rxynApC under optimal conditions was 32.35 and 105.5 U/mg, respectively. The structural model of the xynA gene was predicted using the in silico tool along with the active site (containing four important Tyr-166, Gly-7, Try-69 and Arg-112 amino acids). The predicted biophysical parameters of the in silico model were similar to the experimental results. The unique feature of the cspA promoter is that it gave a high expression of rxynApC enzyme having alkali and thermostable properties with high yield in surrogate host E. coli. Thus, the recombinant xynA gene can potentially be applied to different industrial needs by looking at its thermostability and enhanced enzyme activity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03315-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharti Keyur Patel
- PD Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, CHARUSAT, Anand, Changa, 388421 Gujarat India
| | - Gayatri Dave
- PD Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, CHARUSAT, Anand, Changa, 388421 Gujarat India
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Three-Step Purification and Characterization of Organic Solvent-Tolerant and Alkali-Thermo-Tolerant Xylanase from Bacillus paramycoides T4 [MN370035]. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12070749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, an extracellular alkali-thermo-tolerant xylanase from Bacillus paramycoides was produced in the presence of an organic solvent. The enzyme was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation, gel filtration, and ion exchange chromatography, with an overall recovery of 25.9%. The purified enzyme hada 70 kDa molecular weight (MW) confirmed by SDS-PAGE gel analysis. The maximum enzyme activity was reported at 55 °C and pH 7.0. Xylanase activity and stability were improved in the presence of 30% (v/v) n-dodecane, iso-octane, n-decane, and cyclohexane (7 days). The enzyme activity was improved by Co2+, EDTA, and Triton-X-100 while vigorously repressed by Hg2+ and Cu2+. The purified enzyme showed 1.473 mg/mL Km and 654.017 µg/mL/min Vmax values. The distinctive assets of the isolate verified the potential application in the field of biomass conversion into fuel and other industrial processes. Organic solvent-tolerant xylanases can be used for concurrent saccharification and bioethanol production, the amplification of intoxicating beverages, and the fermenting industry.
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Purification of xylanases from Aureobasidium pullulans CCT 1261 and its application in the production of xylooligosaccharides. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:52. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Production of thermostable xylanase using Streptomyces thermocarboxydus ME742 and application in enzymatic conversion of xylan from oil palm empty fruit bunch to xylooligosaccharides. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Verma D. Extremophilic Prokaryotic Endoxylanases: Diversity, Applicability, and Molecular Insights. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:728475. [PMID: 34566933 PMCID: PMC8458939 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.728475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extremophilic endoxylanases grabbed attention in recent years due to their applicability under harsh conditions of several industrial processes. Thermophilic, alkaliphilic, and acidophilic endoxylanases found their employability in bio-bleaching of paper pulp, bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass into xylooligosaccharides, bioethanol production, and improving the nutritious value of bread and other bakery products. Xylanases obtained from extremophilic bacteria and archaea are considered better than fungal sources for several reasons. For example, enzymatic activity under broad pH and temperature range, low molecular weight, cellulase-free activity, and longer stability under extreme conditions of prokaryotic derived xylanases make them a good choice. In addition, a short life span, easy cultivation/harvesting methods, higher yield, and rapid DNA manipulations of bacterial and archaeal cells further reduces the overall cost of the product. This review focuses on the diversity of prokaryotic endoxylanases, their characteristics, and their functional attributes. Besides, the molecular mechanisms of their extreme behavior have also been presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Digvijay Verma
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
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9
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Conversion of Wheat Bran to Xylanases and Dye Adsorbent by Streptomyces thermocarboxydus. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13020287. [PMID: 33477336 PMCID: PMC7830096 DOI: 10.3390/polym13020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Agro-byproducts can be utilized as effective and low-cost nutrient sources for microbial fermentation to produce a variety of usable products. In this study, wheat bran powder (WBP) was found to be the most effective carbon source for xylanase production by Streptomyces thermocarboxydus TKU045. The optimal media for xylanase production was 2% (w/v) WBP, 1.50% (w/v) KNO3, 0.05% (w/v) MgSO4, and 0.10% (w/v) K2HPO4, and the optimal culture conditions were 50 mL (in a 250 mL-volume Erlenmeyer flask), initial pH 9.0, 37 °C, 125 rpm, and 48 h. Accordingly, the highest xylanase activity was 6.393 ± 0.130 U/mL, 6.9-fold higher than that from un-optimized conditions. S. thermocarboxydus TKU045 secreted at least four xylanases with the molecular weights of >180, 36, 29, and 27 kDa when cultured on the WBP-containing medium. The enzyme cocktail produced by S. thermocarboxydus TKU045 was optimally active over a broad range of temperature and pH (40–70 °C and pH 5–8, respectively) and could hydrolyze birchwood xylan to produce xylobiose as the major product. The obtained xylose oligosaccharide (XOS) were investigated for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and the growth effect of lactic acid bacteria. Finally, the solid waste from the WBP fermentation using S. thermocarboxydus TKU045 revealed the high adsorption of Congo red, Red 7, and Methyl blue. Thus, S. thermocarboxydus TKU045 could be a potential strain to utilize wheat bran to produce xylanases for XOS preparation and dye adsorbent.
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Purification and identification of novel alkaline pectinase PNs31 from Bacillus subtilis CBS31 and its immobilization for bioindustrial applications. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-020-0648-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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11
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Monica P, Kapoor M. Alkali-stable GH11 endo-β-1,4 xylanase (XynB) from Bacillus subtilis strain CAM 21: application in hydrolysis of agro-industrial wastes, fruit/vegetable peels and weeds. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 51:475-487. [PMID: 33043796 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1830416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
GH11 endo-xylanases, due to their inherent structural and biochemical properties, are the key to efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass into value-added products. A GH11 endo-xylanase (XynB) from Bacillus subtilis strain CAM 21 was cloned, over-expressed and purified (Mw∼24 kDa) using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. XynB showed optimum activity at pH 7.0 and 50°C and was stable (>88%) in a broad range of pH (4-11). The apparent Km, Kcat and Kcat/Km of XynB were 2.9 mg/ml, 1961.2/sec, and 675.62 ml/mg/sec, respectively using birchwood xylan as substrate. XynB was a classical endo-xylanase as it hydrolyzed birchwood xylan to xylo-oligosaccharides and not xylose. Kinetic stability of XynB at 45-53°C was between 43-182 min. Secondary structure analysis of XynB using far-UV CD spectroscopy revealed presence of 51.85% β strands and 2.64% α helix and was consistent with the homology modeling studies. XynB hydrolyzed the xylan extracted from agro-industrial wastes and fruit/vegetable peels by releasing up to 670 mg/g of reducing sugars. The xylan extracted from weeds (Ageratum conyzoides, Achyranthes aspera and Tridax procumbens) had characteristic signatures of hemicelluloses and after XynB hydrolysis showed cracks, peeling and release of up to 135.2 mg/g reducing sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Monica
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR - Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mukesh Kapoor
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR - Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Ghaziabad, India
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12
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Liu L, Xu M, Cao Y, Wang H, Shao J, Xu M, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhang W, Meng X, Liu W. Biochemical Characterization of Xylanases from Streptomyces sp. B6 and Their Application in the Xylooligosaccharide Production from Viscose Fiber Production Waste. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:3184-3194. [PMID: 32105462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis of xylan represents a promising way to produce xylooligosaccharide (XOS), which is a novel ingredient in functional food. However, the recalcitrance of xylan in natural lignocellulosic biomass entails effective and robust xylanases. In the present study, we reported the isolation of a thermophilic Streptomyces sp. B6 from mushroom compost producing high xylanase activity. Two xylanases of Streptomyces sp. B6 belonging to GH10 (XynST10) and GH11 (XynST11) families were thus identified and biochemically characterized to be robust enzymes with high alkaline- and thermostability. Direct hydrolysis of neutralized viscose fiber production waste using XynST10 and XynST11 showed that while XynST10 produced 23.22 g/L XOS with a degree of polymerization (DP) of 2-4 and 9.27 g/L xylose, XynST11 produced much less xylose (1.19 g/L) and a higher amounts of XOS with a DP = 2-4 (28.29 g/L). Thus, XynST11 holds great potential for the production of XOS from agricultural and industrial waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Wang
- Qingdao Vland Biotech Company Group, No. 29 Miaoling Road, Qingdao 266061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shao
- Qingdao Vland Biotech Company Group, No. 29 Miaoling Road, Qingdao 266061, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuancheng Zhang
- Leling Shengli New Energy Company, Limited, Yangan, Leling, Dezhou 253614, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhe Wang
- Leling Shengli New Energy Company, Limited, Yangan, Leling, Dezhou 253614, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfeng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
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Ullah S, Irfan M, Sajjad W, Rana QUA, Hasan F, Khan S, Badshah M, Ali Shah A. Production of an alkali-stable xylanase from Bacillus pumilus K22 and its application in tomato juice clarification. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2019.1674157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saif Ullah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Sajjad
- Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, CAS, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qurrat Ul Ain Rana
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fariha Hasan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Samiullah Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Malik Badshah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ali Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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14
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Bibi Z, Ul Qader SA, Aman A, Ur Rehman H, Nawaz MA, Karim A, Us Salam I, Waqas M, Kamran A. Xylan deterioration approach: Purification and catalytic behavior optimization of a novel β-1,4-d-xylanohydrolase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus KIBGE-IB29. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 21:e00299. [PMID: 30619731 PMCID: PMC6312829 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2018.e00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
β-1,4-d-Xylanohydrolase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus KIBGE-IB29 was purified and characterized. The catalytic properties revealed significant stability over broad pH and temperature range. Native-PAGE and In-gel activity assay were carried out. Various organic solvents and detergents significantly improved the enzyme activity. β-1,4-d-Xylanohydrolase showed excellent storage stability for prospective industrial use.
The β-1,4-d-xylanohydrolase is an industry valuable catalytic protein and used to synthesize xylooligosaccharides and xylose. In the current study, β-1,4-d-xylanohydrolase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus KIBGE-IB29 was partially purified up to 9.5-fold with a recovery yield of 52%. It exhibited optimal catalytic activity at pH-7.0 and 50 °C within 5 min. Almost 50% activity retained at pH-4.0 to 9.0 however, 70% activity observed within the range of 40 °C to 70 °C. The β-1,4-d-xylanohydrolase showed a significant hydrolytic pattern with 48.7 kDa molecular mass. It was found that the enzymatic activity improved up to 160% with 1.0 mM ethanol. Moreover, the activity of enzyme drastically increased up to 2.3 and 1.5 fold when incubated with Tween 80 and Triton X-100 (1.0 mM), respectively. The β-1,4-d-xylanohydrolase also retained 72% activity at −80 °C after 180 days. Such a remarkable biochemical properties of β-1,4-d-xylanohydrolase make it possible to forecast its potential use in textile and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Bibi
- Department of Biotechnology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology (FUUAST), Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan
| | - Shah Ali Ul Qader
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Afsheen Aman
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Haneef Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turbat, Kech, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Nawaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, Dir Upper, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Asad Karim
- Jamil-Ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Punjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Irum Us Salam
- Department of Biotechnology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology (FUUAST), Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Biotechnology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology (FUUAST), Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan
| | - Aysha Kamran
- Georg-August University School of Science (GAUSS), Georg-August-University Goettingen, Germany.,Department of Biotechnology, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
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15
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Immobilization of an alkaline endopolygalacturonase purified from Bacillus paralicheniformis exhibits bioscouring of cotton fabrics. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 41:1425-1436. [PMID: 29926218 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-1971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Pectin degrading enzyme has been increasing interest in an industrial application as biocatalysts, such as juice, textile, and wine industry. Bacillus paralicheniformis CBS3, isolated from popular traditional Korean food (kimchi), produced a novel extracellular thermostable alkaline endopolygalacturonase (BPN3). In this study, BPN3 was purified to 22.04-fold with a recovery yield of 18.93% and specific activity of 2216.41 U/mg by gel filtration and anion exchange column chromatography. The molecular mass of BPN3 was approximately 53 kDa as analyzed by SDS-PAGE and pectic zymography. The N-terminal sequence of BPN3 was AIPVILAX. BPN3 was stable over a broad pH range (8.14-11.47), was thermally stable at 50-60 °C, and functioned optimally in pH 9.1 at 60 °C. BPN3 had Km and Vmax values of 0.039 mg/mL and 747.9 ± 1.2 U mg- 1, respectively, whereas pectin from apple as substrate. BPN3 activity was remarkably affected by metal ions, modulators, and detergents. Digalacturonic acid (GA2) was the major oligosaccharide produced by hydrolysis of BPN3. Immobilized BPN3 was active over a pH range (8.1-11.5), temperature (50-60)°C, and remained stable with 63.34 and 43.41% of its relative activity during second and third cycle, respectively. Desized cotton exhibited highest reducing sugar liberation through optimized conditions of bioscouring. Bioscouring effectiveness of BPN3 was characterized by the comparison of weight loss for purified BPN3 with commercial pectinase and comparison of BPN3 with grey fabric. BPN3 was simple to purify, had high thermal stability, and was stable over a broad pH range that suggests its suitability for bioscouring application as an industrial catalyst.
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Costa MAL, Farinas CS, Miranda EA. ETHANOL PRECIPITATION AS A DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING STEP FOR CONCENTRATION OF XYLANASES PRODUCED BY SUBMERGED AND SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20180352s20160502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Yadav P, Maharjan J, Korpole S, Prasad GS, Sahni G, Bhattarai T, Sreerama L. Production, Purification, and Characterization of Thermostable Alkaline Xylanase From Anoxybacillus kamchatkensis NASTPD13. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:65. [PMID: 29868578 PMCID: PMC5962792 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anoxybacillus kamchatkensis NASTPD13 used herein as a source for thermostable alkaline xylanase were isolated from Paudwar Hot Springs, Nepal. NASTPD13 cultured at 60°C, pH 7 and in presence of inorganic (ammonium sulfate) or organic (yeast extract) nitrogen sources, produced maximum xylanase enzyme. Xylanase production in the cultures was monitored by following the ability of culture media to hydrolyze beech wood xylan producing xylooligosaccharide and xylose by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The extracellular xylanase was isolated from optimized A. kamchatkensis NASTPD13 cultures by ammonium sulfate (80%) precipitation; the enriched xylanase preparation was dialyzed and purified using Sephadex G100 column chromatography. The purified xylanaseshowed 11-fold enrichment with a specific activity of 33 U/mg and molecular weight were37 kDa based on SDS-PAGE and PAGE-Zymography. The optimum pH and temperature of purified xylanase was 9.0 and 65°C respectively retainingmore than 50% of its maximal activity over a broad range of pH (6–9) and temperature (30–65°C). With beech wood xylan, the enzyme showed Km 0.7 mg/ml and Vmax 66.64 μM/min/mg The xylanase described herein is a secretory enzyme produced in large quantities by NASTPD13 and is a novel thermostable, alkaline xylanase with potential biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punam Yadav
- Molecular Biotechnology Unit, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Khumaltar, Nepal.,Central Department of Biotechnlogy, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | - Jyoti Maharjan
- Molecular Biotechnology Unit, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Khumaltar, Nepal
| | - Suresh Korpole
- Microbial Type Culture Collection, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gandham S Prasad
- Microbial Type Culture Collection, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Girish Sahni
- Microbial Type Culture Collection, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
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Abd El Aty AA, Saleh SA, Eid BM, Ibrahim NA, Mostafa FA. Thermodynamics characterization and potential textile applications of Trichoderma longibrachiatum KT693225 xylanase. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Basit A, Liu J, Rahim K, Jiang W, Lou H. Thermophilic xylanases: from bench to bottle. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2018; 38:989-1002. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1425662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Basit
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junquan Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kashif Rahim
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Drug and Biotechnology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiqiang Lou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health and State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Purification and characterization of a cellulase-free, thermostable endo-xylanase from Streptomyces griseorubens LH-3 and its use in biobleaching on eucalyptus kraft pulp. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 125:46-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Yin Z, Wu W, Sun C, Lei Z, Chen H, Liu H, Chen W, Ma J, Min T, Zhang M, Wu H. Comparison of releasing bound phenolic acids from wheat bran by fermentation of three Aspergillus
species. Int J Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhina Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Wenjia Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Chongzhen Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Zhuogui Lei
- College of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Huamin Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Huifan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Wenbo Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Juanjuan Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Tian Min
- College of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong China
| | - Hui Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong China
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22
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Rosmine E, Sainjan NC, Silvester R, Alikkunju A, Varghese SA. Statistical optimisation of xylanase production by estuarine Streptomyces sp. and its application in clarification of fruit juice. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2017; 15:393-401. [PMID: 30647677 PMCID: PMC6296605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Recently, xylanase has become an essential option for environmental friendly industrial biotechnological applications and the rising demand for its large scale production urge to take the advantage of statistical approach of optimization to investigate the interactive effects of prominent process factors involved to enhance xylanase production. In the present study, xylanase production from Streptomyces sp. strain ER1 isolated from Cochin estuarine soil; was optimised using statistical designs- Plackett-Burman and Central composite design. Plackett-Burman design was used to identify important fermentation condition factors affecting the xylanase production using beechwood xylan as the substrate. The optimum levels of these significant factors were determined employing the Central Composite Design. Out of the thirteen factors screened, concentration of beechwood xylan and olive oil, agitation speed, and inoculum age were recognized as the most significant factors. By analyzing the response surface plots and using numerical optimization method, the optimal levels for concentration of xylan and olive oil, agitation speed and inoculum age were determined as 0.37%, 33.10 mg/L, 42.87 RPM and 21.05 h, respectively. The optimised medium resulted in a 1.56-fold increased level of the xylanase (10,220 U/mL) production compared to the initial level (3986.444 U/mL) after 120 h of fermentation. The purified enzyme could successfully clarify orange, mousambi and pineapple juice to 20.87%, 23.64% and 27.89% respectively. Thus the present study has proved that Streptomyces sp. strain ER1 (KY449279) is a potential and useful organism for xylanase production and its purified enzyme could clarify the selected fruit juices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilda Rosmine
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, CUSAT, Kerala, India
| | | | - Reshma Silvester
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, CUSAT, Kerala, India
| | - Aneesa Alikkunju
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, CUSAT, Kerala, India
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Kumar S, Haq I, Prakash J, Raj A. Improved enzyme properties upon glutaraldehyde cross-linking of alginate entrapped xylanase from Bacillus licheniformis. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 98:24-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Walia A, Guleria S, Mehta P, Chauhan A, Parkash J. Microbial xylanases and their industrial application in pulp and paper biobleaching: a review. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:11. [PMID: 28391477 PMCID: PMC5385172 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0584-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Xylanases are hydrolytic enzymes which cleave the β-1, 4 backbone of the complex plant cell wall polysaccharide xylan. Xylan is the major hemicellulosic constituent found in soft and hard food. It is the next most abundant renewable polysaccharide after cellulose. Xylanases and associated debranching enzymes produced by a variety of microorganisms including bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast and fungi bring hydrolysis of hemicelluloses. Despite thorough knowledge of microbial xylanolytic systems, further studies are required to achieve a complete understanding of the mechanism of xylan degradation by xylanases produced by microorganisms and their promising use in pulp biobleaching. Cellulase-free xylanases are important in pulp biobleaching as alternatives to the use of toxic chlorinated compounds because of the environmental hazards and diseases caused by the release of the adsorbable organic halogens. In this review, we have focused on the studies of structural composition of xylan in plants, their classification, sources of xylanases, extremophilic xylanases, modes of fermentation for the production of xylanases, factors affecting xylanase production, statistical approaches such as Plackett Burman, Response Surface Methodology to enhance xylanase production, purification, characterization, molecular cloning and expression. Besides this, review has focused on the microbial enzyme complex involved in the complete breakdown of xylan and the studies on xylanase regulation and their potential industrial applications with special reference to pulp biobleaching, which is directly related to increasing pulp brightness and reduction in environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Walia
- Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab 144012 India
| | - Shiwani Guleria
- Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab 144012 India
| | - Preeti Mehta
- Centre for Advance Bioenergy Research, Research and Development Centre, Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Sector-13, Faridabad, 121007 India
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. YSPUHF, Nauni, Solan, 173230 India
| | - Jyoti Parkash
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151001 India
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25
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Sanjivkumar M, Silambarasan T, Palavesam A, Immanuel G. Biosynthesis, purification and characterization of β-1,4-xylanase from a novel mangrove associated actinobacterium Streptomyces olivaceus (MSU3) and its applications. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 130:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Anthony P, Harish B, Jampala P, Ramanujam S, Uppuluri KB. Statistical optimization, purification and applications of xylanase produced from mixed bacteria in a solid liquid fermentation using Prosopis juliflora. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Adigüzel AO, Tunçer M. Production, Characterization and Application of a Xylanase fromStreptomycessp. AOA40 in Fruit Juice and Bakery Industries. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2016.1199383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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28
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Soto-Padilla MY, Gortáres-Moroyoqui P, Cira-Chávez LA, Levasseur A, Dendooven L, Estrada-Alvarado MI. Characterization of extracellular amylase produced by haloalkalophilic strain Kocuria sp. HJ014. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2016; 26:396-404. [PMID: 26813880 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2015.1135310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The haloalkaliphilic bacterium Kocuria sp. (HJ014) has the ability to produce extracellular amylase. The aim of this study was to purify and characterize this protein. The amylase enzyme with a specific activity of 753,502 U/mg was purified 5.7- fold using Sepharose 4B and Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration columns. The molecular weight of the enzyme was 45,000 Da as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The amylase showed maximum activity at pH 9 and 50°C in the presence of 3.5 M NaCl. The Km was 3.0 mg/ml and Vmax 90.09 U/ml. It was found that extracellular amylase from Kocuria sp. has a high industrial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisela Y Soto-Padilla
- a Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnología , Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez , Chihuahua , Mexico
- b Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias , Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora , Obregón , Mexico
| | | | - Luis A Cira-Chávez
- b Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias , Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora , Obregón , Mexico
| | - Anthony Levasseur
- c Biotechnologie des Champignons Filamenteux , INRA , Marseille , France
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A multi-tolerant low molecular weight mannanase from Bacillus sp. CSB39 and its compatibility as an industrial biocatalyst. Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 92:76-85. [PMID: 27542747 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus sp. CSB39, isolated from popular traditional Korean food (Kimchi), produced a low molecular weight, thermostable mannanase (MnCSB39); 571.14U/mL using locust bean gum galactomannan as a major substrate. It was purified to homogeneity using a simple and effective two-step purification strategy, Sepharose CL-6B and DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow, which resulted in 25.47% yield and 19.32-fold purity. The surfactant-, NaCl-, urea-, and protease-tolerant monomeric protein had a mass of ∼30kDa as analyzed by SDS-PAGE and galactomannan zymography. MnCSB39 was found to have optimal activity at pH 7.5 and temperature of 70°C. The enzyme showed ˃55% activity at 5.0-15% (w/v) NaCl, and ˃93% of the initial activity after incubation at 37°C for 60min. Trypsin and proteinase K had no effect on MnCBS39. The enzyme showed ˃80% activity in up to 3M urea. The N-terminal amino acid sequence, ALKGDGX, did not show identity with reported mannanases, which suggests the novelty of our enzyme. Activation energy for galactomannan hydrolysis was 26.85kJmol(-1) with a Kcat of 142.58×10(4)s(-1). MnCSB39 had Km and Vmax values of 0.082mg/mL and 1099±1.0Umg(-1), respectively. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH, ΔG, ΔS, Q10, ΔGE-S, and ΔGE-T supported the spontaneous formation of products and the high hydrolytic efficiency and feasibility of the enzymatic reaction, which strengthen its novelty. MnCSB39 activity was affected by metal ions, modulators, chelators, and detergents. Mannobiose was the principal end-product of hydrolysis. Bacillus subtilis CSB39 produced a maximum of 1524.44U mannanase from solid state fermentation of 1g wheat bran. MnCSB39 was simple to purify, was active at a wide pH and temperature range, multi-stress tolerant and catalyzes a thermodynamically possible reaction, characteristics that suggests its suitability for application as an industrial biocatalyst.
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Deshmukh RA, Jagtap S, Mandal MK, Mandal SK. Purification, biochemical characterization and structural modelling of alkali-stable β-1,4-xylan xylanohydrolase from Aspergillus fumigatus R1 isolated from soil. BMC Biotechnol 2016; 16:11. [PMID: 26847222 PMCID: PMC4743132 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-016-0242-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aspergillus fumigatus R1 produced xylanase under submerged fermentation which degrades the complex hemicelluloses contained in agricultural substrates. Xylanases have gained considerable attention because of their tremendous applications in industries. The purpose of our study was to purify xylanase and study its biochemical properties. We have predicted the secondary structure of purified xylanase and evaluated its active site residues and substrate binding sites based on the global and local structural similarity. Results Various microorganisms were isolated from Puducherry soil and screened by Congo-red test. The best isolate was identified to be Aspergillus fumigatus R1. The production kinetics showed the highest xylanase production (208 IU/ml) by this organism in 96 h using 1 % rice bran as the only carbon source. The purification of extracellular xylanase was carried out by fractional ammonium sulphate precipitation (30–55 %), followed by extensive dialysis and Bio-Gel P-60 Gel-filtration chromatography. The enzyme was purified 58.10 folds with a specific activity of 38196.22 IU/mg. The biochemical characterization of the pure enzyme was carried out for its optimum pH and temperature (5.0 and 500C), pH and temperature stability, molecular mass (Mr) (24.5 kDa) and pI (6.29). The complete sequence of protein was obtained by mass spectrometry analysis. Apparent Km and Vmax values of the xylanase for birchwood xylan were 11.66 mg/ml and 87.6 μmol min−1 mg−1 respectively. Conclusion Purified xylanase was analyzed by mass-spectrometry which revealed 2 unique peptides. Xylanase under current study showed significant production using agricultural residues and a broad range of pH stability in the alkaline region. Xylanase produced by Aspergillus fumigatus R1 could serve as the enzyme of choice in industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Ahmed Deshmukh
- Department of Microbiology, School Of Life-Sciences, Pondicherry University, R.V. Nagar, Kalapet, Puducherry, 605014, India.
| | - Sharmili Jagtap
- Department of Microbiology, School Of Life-Sciences, Pondicherry University, R.V. Nagar, Kalapet, Puducherry, 605014, India.
| | - Madan Kumar Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, School Of Life-Sciences, Pondicherry University, R.V. Nagar, Kalapet, Puducherry, 605014, India.
| | - Suraj Kumar Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, School Of Life-Sciences, Pondicherry University, R.V. Nagar, Kalapet, Puducherry, 605014, India.
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Classification, mode of action and production strategy of xylanase and its application for biofuel production from water hyacinth. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 82:1041-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Saini A, Aggarwal NK, Sharma A, Yadav A. Actinomycetes: A Source of Lignocellulolytic Enzymes. Enzyme Res 2015; 2015:279381. [PMID: 26793393 PMCID: PMC4697097 DOI: 10.1155/2015/279381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulose is the most abundant biomass on earth. Agricultural, forest, and agroindustrial activities generate tons of lignocellulosic wastes annually, which present readily procurable, economically affordable, and renewable feedstock for various lignocelluloses based applications. Lignocelluloses are the focus of present decade researchers globally, in an attempt to develop technologies based on natural biomass for reducing dependence on expensive and exhaustible substrates. Lignocellulolytic enzymes, that is, cellulases, hemicellulases, and lignolytic enzymes, play very important role in the processing of lignocelluloses which is prerequisite for their utilization in various processes. These enzymes are obtained from microorganisms distributed in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic domains including bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes. Actinomycetes are an attractive microbial group for production of lignocellulose degrading enzymes. Various studies have evaluated the lignocellulose degrading ability of actinomycetes, which can be potentially implemented in the production of different value added products. This paper is an overview of the diversity of cellulolytic, hemicellulolytic, and lignolytic actinomycetes along with brief discussion of their hydrolytic enzyme systems involved in biomass modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Saini
- Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Neeraj K. Aggarwal
- Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Anuja Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Anita Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
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Zafar A, Aftab MN, Din ZU, Aftab S, Iqbal I, Shahid A, Tahir A, Haq IU. Cloning, Expression, and Purification of Xylanase Gene from Bacillus licheniformis for Use in Saccharification of Plant Biomass. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 178:294-311. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1872-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Production of xylooligosaccharides from garlic straw xylan by purified xylanase from Bacillus mojavensis UEB-FK and their in vitro evaluation as prebiotics. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sakthiselvan P, Naveena B, Partha N. Molecular characterization of a Xylanase-producing fungus isolated from fouled soil. Braz J Microbiol 2015; 45:1293-302. [PMID: 25763033 PMCID: PMC4323302 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822014000400020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Xylanase (EC 3. 2. 1. 8), hydrolyzes xylo-oligosaccharides into D-xylose and required for complete hydrolysis of native cellulose and biomass conversion. It has broad range of applications in the pulp and paper, pharmaceutical and Agri-food industries. Fifty fungal species were isolated from the fouled soil around an oil refinery and screened for the production of xylanase enzyme by enrichment culture techniques. The isolated fungal strain was identified as Hypocrea lixii SS1 based on the results of biochemical tests and 18s rRNA sequencing. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the MEGA 5 software. Further, Hypocrea lixii SS1 was tested for the ability to utilize the sunflower oil sludge (waste from the oil industry) as the sole carbon source for xylanase production. The growth characteristics of Hypocrea lixii SS1 were also studied and maximum growth was found on the 7th day of incubation. The fungus showed a remarkable xylanase production of 38.9 U/mL. Xylanase was purified using a combination of 0–50% NH4SO2 precipitation, DEAE-sepharose and Sephacryl S-200 chromatography. Single peak obtained in RP-HPLC confirms the purity of xylanase. Further the enzyme produced was affirmed as xylanase with its molecular weight (29 kDa) using SDS-PAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punniavan Sakthiselvan
- Department of Chemical Engineering A.C. College of Technology Anna University Chennai Chennai India Department of Chemical Engineering, A.C. College of Technology, Anna University Chennai, Chennai, India
| | - Balakrishnan Naveena
- Department of Chemical Engineering A.C. College of Technology Anna University Chennai Chennai India Department of Chemical Engineering, A.C. College of Technology, Anna University Chennai, Chennai, India
| | - Nagarajan Partha
- Department of Chemical Engineering A.C. College of Technology Anna University Chennai Chennai India Department of Chemical Engineering, A.C. College of Technology, Anna University Chennai, Chennai, India
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Isolation, Production, and Characterization of Thermotolerant Xylanase from Solvent TolerantBacillus vallismortisRSPP-15. INT J POLYM SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/986324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sixty bacterial strains isolated from the soils sample in the presence of organic solvent were screened for xylanase production. Among them, strain RSPP-15 showed the highest xylanase activity which was identified asBacillus vallismortis. The isolate showed maximum xylanase production (3768 U/mL) in the presence of birch wood xylan and beef extract at 55°C pH 7.0 within 48 h of incubation. The enzyme activity and stability were increased 181.5, 153.7, 147.2, 133.6, and 127.9% and 138.2, 119.3, 113.9, 109, and 104.5% in the presence of Co2+, Ca2+, Mg+2, Zn+2, and Fe+3ions (10 mM). Xylanase activity and stability were strongly inhibited in the presence of Hg and Cu ions. The enzyme was also stable in the presence of 30% ofn-dodecane, isooctane,n-decane, xylene, toluene,n-hexane,n-butanol, and cyclohexane, respectively. The presence of benzene, methanol, and ethanol marginally reduced the xylanase stability, respectively. This isolate may be useful in several industrial applications owing to its thermotolerant and organic solvent resistance characteristics.
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Kallel F, Driss D, Chaabouni SE, Ghorbel R. Biological Activities of Xylooligosaccharides Generated from Garlic Straw Xylan by Purified Xylanase from Bacillus mojavensis UEB-FK. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:950-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Qiao W, Tang S, Mi S, Jia X, Peng X, Han Y. Biochemical characterization of a novel thermostable GH11 xylanase with CBM6 domain from Caldicellulosiruptor kronotskyensis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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A Novel Low Molecular Weight Endo-xylanase from Streptomyces sp. CS628 Cultivated in Wheat Bran. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 173:1469-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-0916-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Liu Y, Deng Z, Tan H, Deng Q, Cao L. Characterization of cattle fecal Streptomyces strains converting cellulose and hemicelluloses into reducing sugars. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:6069-6075. [PMID: 24469772 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2564-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To characterize Streptomyces isolated from cattle feces for converting lignocellulose into reducing sugars, five Streptomyces strains were screened. All the strains could convert lignocellulose into reducing sugars. The strain A16 accumulate 3.3-folds more reducing sugars on cottonseed shells treated with ethanol than without the treatment (P < 0.05). The five strains did not accumulate more reducing sugars on rice straws and wheat brans than those on cottonseed shells. Compared with A10 alone, the microbial combination of F1 + A10 accumulated 19, 61, and 25 % less reducing sugars on cottonseed shell, rice straw, and wheat bran than those by A10 solely, respectively (P < 0.05). Further studies indicated that the activities of avicelase and xylanase were not correlated with the reducing sugar amount accumulated by the test strains. Strain A7 could produce more cellular lipids with xylose and glucose as the sole carbon sources. This study shows the potential for Streptomyces strains from herbivore feces to convert lignocelluloses into lipids and reducing sugars for fuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupei Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
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He J, Su L, Sun X, Fu J, Chen J, Wu J. A novel xylanase from Streptomyces sp. FA1: Purification, characterization, identification, and heterologous expression. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-013-0490-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rahman MA, Choi YH, Pradeep GC, Choi YS, Choi EJ, Cho SS, Sohng JK, Yoo JC. An alkaline and metallo-protein type endo xylanase from Streptomyces sp. CSWu-1. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-013-0782-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Biochemical characterization of xylanase produced from Streptomyces sp. CS624 using an agro residue substrate. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chi WJ, Lim JH, Park DY, Park JS, Hong SK. Production and characterization of a thermostable endo-type β-xylanase produced by a newly-isolated Streptomyces thermocarboxydus subspecies MW8 strain from Jeju Island. Process Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Recombinant xylanase from Streptomyces coelicolor Ac-738: characterization and the effect on xylan-containing products. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 30:801-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-013-1480-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Recent advances in recombinant protein expression by Corynebacterium, Brevibacterium, and Streptomyces: from transcription and translation regulation to secretion pathway selection. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:9597-608. [PMID: 24068337 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5250-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gram-positive bacteria are widely used to produce recombinant proteins, amino acids, organic acids, higher alcohols, and polymers. Many proteins have been expressed in Gram-positive hosts such as Corynebacterium, Brevibacterium, and Streptomyces. The favorable and advantageous characteristics (e.g., high secretion capacity and efficient production of metabolic products) of these species have increased the biotechnological applications of bacteria. However, owing to multiplicity from genes encoding the proteins and expression hosts, the expression of recombinant proteins is limited in Gram-positive bacteria. Because there is a very recent review about protein expression in Bacillus subtilis, here we summarize recent strategies for efficient expression of recombinant proteins in the other three typical Gram-positive bacteria (Corynebacterium, Brevibacterium, and Streptomyces) and discuss future prospects. We hope that this review will contribute to the development of recombinant protein expression in Corynebacterium, Brevibacterium, and Streptomyces.
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Roy S, Dutta T, Sarkar TS, Ghosh S. Novel xylanases from Simplicillium obclavatum MTCC 9604: comparative analysis of production, purification and characterization of enzyme from submerged and solid state fermentation. SPRINGERPLUS 2013; 2:382. [PMID: 24010040 PMCID: PMC3755804 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The production of extracellular xylanase by a newly isolated fungus Simplicillium obclavatum MTCC 9604 was studied in solid-state and submerged fermentation. Multiple xylanases and endoglucanases were produced by the strain during growth on wheat bran in solid state fermentation (SSF). A single xylanase isoform was found to be produced by the same fungus under submerged fermentation (SF) using wheat bran as sole carbon source. Enzyme activity, stability and the protein yield were much higher in SSF than SF. The two dimensional zymogram of the crude enzyme indicated the presence of six isoforms with different pI values starting from pH 3–10. The optimum temperature and pH for the partially purified xylanase activity were 50°C and pH 5.0 respectively; xylanase enzymes exhibited remarkable stability over a broad pH range and the temperature range of 30-60°C which has great potential to be used in biofuels, animal feed and food industry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saugata Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700 019 West Bengal India
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Tarayre C, Brognaux A, Brasseur C, Bauwens J, Millet C, Mattéotti C, Destain J, Vandenbol M, Portetelle D, De Pauw E, Haubruge E, Francis F, Thonart P. Isolation and Cultivation of a Xylanolytic Bacillus subtilis Extracted from the Gut of the Termite Reticulitermes santonensis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 171:225-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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An ammonium sulfate sensitive endoxylanase produced by Streptomyces. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2013; 36:819-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-013-0908-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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