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Jensen A, Guleria S, Albieri V, Nøhr B, Frederiksen K, Kjær S. P-783 Fertility treatment and risk of ovarian cancer in a large nationwide cohort of 151,821 infertile Danish women. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Do use of fertility drugs increase the risk of ovarian cancer among infertile women
Summary answer
Use certain types of fertility drugs may modify the risk of ovarian cancer among infertile women, primarily for serous ovarian tumors and among parous women.
What is known already
Even though most previous studies on the association between fertility treatment and ovarian cancer have not been able to show a convincing association, some studies have found an increased risk of this malignancy among women undergoing fertility treatment. However, many of the previous studies have had methodological limitations including selection bias and potential confounding due to missing information of important factors, such as parity status and hormonal contraceptive use, small sample size as well as short- and incomplete follow-up time. Furthermore, only few studies have assessed the association between fertility treatment and ovarian cancer according to histological type.
Study design, size, duration
This retrospective register-based cohort study included virtually all 20-45 year old infertile women in Denmark between 1971 and 2017 as identified in the Danish Infertility Cohort. All women were followed from entry in the cohort (i.e. the date of first infertility diagnosis) to occurrence of ovarian cancer, any other cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer), death, emigration, bilateral oophorectomy or end of follow-up (December 31, 2017), whichever occurred first. The median follow-up length was 10.3 years
Participants/materials, setting, methods
In total, 332 women were diagnosed with ovarian cancer during the follow-up period. Information on the use of specific fertility drugs (clomiphene citrate, gonadotropins, hCGs, GnRH receptor modulators and progesterone), ovarian cancer, covariates and vital status was obtained from the Danish Infertility Cohort and various Danish national registers. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for ovarian cancer overall and for serous ovarian tumors.
Main results and the role of chance
After adjustment for attained age (as the underlying time scale), calendar year of study entry, highest obtained level of education, maternal age at first childbirth, number of childbirths, hormonal contraceptive use as well as mutual adjustment for treatment with any other specific fertility drugs, ever use of hCG (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.44-0.89) and GnRH receptor modulators (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.40-1.00) were associated with a decreased risk of overall ovarian cancer. In contrast, ever use of gonadotropins (HR 1.43; 95% CI 0.91-2.24) and especially progesterone (HR 1.81; 95% CI 1.18-2.78) increased the risk of overall ovarian cancer. No marked association was observed for clomiphene citrate (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.80-1.44)). The rates for serous ovarian cancer generally resembled those observed for overall ovarian cancer; however only the association for progesterone reached statistical significance (HR 2.89; 95% CI 1.67-4.99). The observed associations existed mainly among parous women and did not vary with time since first use of the fertility drug in question and no statistically significant associations were observed with cumulative dose of the specific fertility drugs.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The median age at the end of follow-up was only 42.5 years, which is markedly lower than the usual peak age for ovarian cancer in Denmark (mid 60s). Hence, we were not able to capture the true, potential long-term association between use of fertility drugs and ovarian cancer.
Wider implications of the findings
Use of certain specific types of fertility drugs in fertility treatment may modify the risk of ovarian cancer among subgroups of women. However, although this study is by far the largest to date, additional large epidemiological studies with longer follow-up time are needed to further clarify the observed associations.
Trial registration number
Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jensen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Lifestyle- Reproduction and Cancer , Copenhagen O, Denmark
| | - S Guleria
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Lifestyle- Reproduction and Cancer , Copenhagen O, Denmark
| | - V Albieri
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Statistics and Data Analysis , Copenhagen O, Denmark
| | - B Nøhr
- University Hospital of Herlev and Gentofte, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Herlev, Denmark
| | - K Frederiksen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Statistics and Data Analysis , Copenhagen O, Denmark
| | - S.K Kjær
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Virus- Lifestyle and Genes , Copenhagen O, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Gynecology- Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen O, Denmark
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Reinholdt K, Kjaer SK, Guleria S, Frederiksen K, Mellemkjær L, Munk C, Jensen A. Risk of endometrial cancer among women with benign ovarian tumors - A Danish nationwide cohort study. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 157:549-554. [PMID: 32139149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The few studies on the association between benign ovarian tumors and endometrial cancer have been inconclusive. Using data from a large Danish register-based cohort study, we assessed the overall and type-specific risk of endometrial cancer among women with a benign ovarian tumor. METHODS We identified all Danish women diagnosed with a benign ovarian tumor during 1978-2016 in the Danish National Patient Register (n = 149,807). The study population was followed for subsequent development of endometrial cancer by linkage to the Danish Cancer Register and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated after correction for hysterectomy. RESULTS After a one-year delayed study entry, women with benign ovarian tumors had a decreased incidence of endometrial cancer (SIR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.68-0.81) compared with women in the general Danish population. Both solid benign ovarian tumors (SIR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.70-0.88) and cystic benign ovarian tumors (SIR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.58-0.78) were associated with decreased incidences of endometrial cancer. Likewise, women with benign ovarian tumors had decreased incidences of both type I and type II endometrial cancer. The incidence of endometrial cancer was decreased to virtually the same magnitude irrespective of the age at diagnosis of a benign ovarian tumor and the reduction persisted throughout the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS The risk of endometrial cancer was decreased beyond the first year after a benign ovarian tumor and the decrease persisted for 20 or more years. The possible underlying mechanisms are not known and should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Reinholdt
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S K Kjaer
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Guleria
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K Frederiksen
- Statistics and Pharmacoepidemiology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Mellemkjær
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C Munk
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Jensen
- Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Abstract
Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) has adversely affected the generations of developing countries. It is a syndrome that in severity causes death. PEM generally affects infants of 1-5 age group. This manifestation is maintained till adulthood in the form of poor brain and body development. The developing nations are continuously making an effort to curb PEM. However, it is still a prime concern as it was in its early years of occurrence. Transgenic crops with high protein and enhanced nutrient content have been successfully developed. Present article reviews the studies documenting genetic engineering-mediated improvement in the pulses, cereals, legumes, fruits and other crop plants in terms of nutritional value, stress tolerance, longevity and productivity. Such genetically engineered crops can be used as a possible remedial tool to eradicate PEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Guleria
- Department of Biotechnology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144012, India.
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144012, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Shiwani Guleria
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
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Chauhan A, Guleria S, Balgir PP, Walia A, Mahajan R, Mehta P, Shirkot CK. Tricalcium phosphate solubilization and nitrogen fixation by newly isolated Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus CKMV1 from rhizosphere of Valeriana jatamansi and its growth promotional effect. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 48:294-304. [PMID: 28063921 PMCID: PMC5470448 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aneurinibacillus aneurinilyticus strain CKMV1 was isolated from rhizosphere of Valeriana jatamansi and possessed multiple plant growth promoting traits like production of phosphate solubilization (260 mg/L), nitrogen fixation (202.91 nmol ethylene mL−1 h−1), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (8.1 μg/mL), siderophores (61.60%), HCN (hydrogen cyanide) production and antifungal activity. We investigated the ability of isolate CKMV1 to solubilize insoluble P via mechanism of organic acid production. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) study showed that isolate CKMV1 produced mainly gluconic (1.34%) and oxalic acids. However, genetic evidences for nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization by organic acid production have been reported first time for A. aneurinilyticus strain CKMV1. A unique combination of glucose dehydrogenase (gdh) gene and pyrroloquinoline quinone synthase (pqq) gene, a cofactor of gdh involved in phosphate solubilization has been elucidated. Nitrogenase (nif H) gene for nitrogen fixation was reported from A. aneurinilyticus. It was notable that isolate CKMV1 exhibited highest antifungal against Sclerotium rolfsii (93.58%) followed by Fusarium oxysporum (64.3%), Dematophora necatrix (52.71%), Rhizoctonia solani (91.58%), Alternaria sp. (71.08%) and Phytophthora sp. (71.37%). Remarkable increase was observed in seed germination (27.07%), shoot length (42.33%), root length (52.6%), shoot dry weight (62.01%) and root dry weight (45.7%) along with NPK (0.74, 0.36, 1.82%) content of tomato under net house condition. Isolate CKMV1 possessed traits related to plant growth promotion, therefore, could be a potential candidate for the development of biofertiliser or biocontrol agent and this is the first study to include the Aneurinibacillus as PGPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Chauhan
- Dr Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Department of Basic Sciences Microbiology Section, Nauni, Solan, India
| | - Shiwani Guleria
- Lovely Professional University, Department of Microbiology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Praveen P Balgir
- Punjabi University Patiala, Department of Biotechnology, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Abhishek Walia
- DAV University, Department of Microbiology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Rishi Mahajan
- Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Preeti Mehta
- DBT-IOC Centre for Bioenergy Research, Indian Oil R&D Centre, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Chand Karan Shirkot
- Dr Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Department of Basic Sciences, Nauni, Solan, India.
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Guleria S, Walia A, Chauhan A, Shirkot CK. Immobilization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SP1 and its alkaline protease in various matrices for effective hydrolysis of casein. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:208. [PMID: 28330279 PMCID: PMC5039138 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0519-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
An extracellular alkaline protease producing B. amyloliquefaciens SP1 was isolated from apple rhizosphere having multifarious plant growth-promoting activities. B. amyloliquefaciens SP1 protease was immobilized using various concentrations of calcium alginate, agar and polyacrylamide to determine the optimum concentration for formation of the beads. Enzyme activity before immobilization (at 60 °C, pH 8.0 for 5 min) was 3580 µg/ml/min. The results of immobilization with various matrices revealed that 3 % calcium alginate (2829.92 µg/ml/min), 2 % agar (2600 µg/ml/min) and 10 % polyacrylamide (5698.99 µg/ml/min) were optimum concentrations for stable bead formation. Immobilized enzyme reusability results indicated that calcium alginate, agar and polyacrylamide beads retained 25.63, 22.05 and 34.04 % activity in their fifth repeated cycle, respectively. In cell immobilization technique, the free movement of microorganisms is restricted in the process, and a semi-continuous system of fermentation can be used. In the present work, this technique has been used for alkaline protease production using different matrices. Polyacrylamide (10 %) was found with the highest total alkaline protease titer, i.e., 24,847 µg/ml/min semi-continuously for 18 days as compared to agar (total enzyme titer: 5800 in 10 days) and calcium alginate (total enzyme titer: 13,010 in 15 days). This present study reported that polyacrylamide (10 %) among different matrices has maximum potential of immobilization of B. amyloliquefaciens SP1 and its detergent stable alkaline protease with effective application in bloodstain removal.
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Guleria S, Walia A, Chauhan A, Shirkot CK. Optimization of milk-clotting enzyme production by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SP1 isolated from apple rhizosphere. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-016-0108-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Sharma M, Guleria S, Kulshrestha S. Diacylglycerol acyl transferase: A pathogenicity related gene in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. J Basic Microbiol 2016; 56:1308-1315. [PMID: 27254647 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201500663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
To gain more insight into the molecular mechanisms of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides pathogenesis, restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI) mutagenesis identified the mutants of C. gloeosporioides impaired in pathogenicity. Transformants screened for defects in pathogenicity using detached leaves and fruits. Of the 20 REMI transformants tested, two mutants (H4 and H7) showed reduced pathogenicity on leaves of apple, kiwi, mango, peach, and fruits of guava, apple, and capsicum. One tagged gene from the genome sequence of mutant H4 was recovered by inverse PCR. Sequence analysis of the tagged site in mutant H4 revealed insertion in diacylglycerol acyltransferase gene which encodes diacylglycerol acyltransferase enzyme, catalyzing the steps involved in the biosynthesis of triacylglycerol, an important component of biological membranes and source of energy. Therefore, tagging of diacylglycerol acyltransferase gene in mutant H4 resulted in reduced pathogenicity, indicating possible role of this gene in pathogenicity of C. gloeosporioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Sharma
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shiwani Guleria
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Saurabh Kulshrestha
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Guleria S, Walia A, Chauhan A, Shirkot CK. Molecular characterization of alkaline protease of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SP1 involved in biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum. Int J Food Microbiol 2016; 232:134-43. [PMID: 27294522 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An alkaline protease gene was amplified from genomic DNA of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SP1 which was involved in effective biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum. We investigated the antagonistic capacity of protease of B. amyloliquifaciens SP1, under in vitro conditions. The 5.62 fold purified enzyme with specific activity of 607.69U/mg reported 24.14% growth inhibition of F. oxysporum. However, no antagonistic activity was found after addition of protease inhibitor i.e. PMSF (15mM) to purified enzyme. An 1149bp nucleotide sequence of protease gene encoded 382 amino acids of 43kDa and calculated isoelectric point of 9.29. Analysis of deduced amino acid sequence revealed high homology (86%) with subtilisin E of Bacillus subtilis. The B. amyloliquefaciens SP1 protease gene was expressed in Escherichiax coli BL21. The expressed protease was secreted into culture medium by E. coli and exhibited optimum activity at pH8.0 and 60°C. The most reliable three dimensional structure of alkaline protease was determined using Phyre 2 server which was validated on the basis of Ramachandran plot and ERRAT value. The expression and structure prediction of the enzyme offers potential value for commercial application in agriculture and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwani Guleria
- Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab144012, India.
| | - Abhishek Walia
- Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab144012, India.
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Department of Basic Sciences (Microbiology Section), Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan 173230 (H.P.), India.
| | - C K Shirkot
- Department of Basic Sciences (Microbiology Section), Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan 173230 (H.P.), India.
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Walia A, Mehta P, Guleria S, Shirkot CK. Improvement for enhanced xylanase production by Cellulosimicrobium cellulans CKMX1 using central composite design of response surface methodology. 3 Biotech 2015; 5:1053-1066. [PMID: 28324413 PMCID: PMC4624141 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-015-0309-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of yeast extract (X1), NH4NO3 (X2), peptone (X3), urea (X4), CMC (X5), Tween 20 (X6), MgSO4 (X7), and CaCO3 (X8) on production of xylanase from Cellulosimicrobium cellulans CKMX1 were optimized by statistical analysis using response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM was used to optimize xylanase production by implementing the Central composite design. Statistical analysis of the results showed that the linear, interaction and quadric terms of these variables had significant effects. However, only the linear effect of X4, X5, interaction effect of X1X7, X1X8, X2X3, X2X8, X3X6, X3X8, X4X6, X4X7, X5X7, X5X8 and quadratic effect of X 32 , X 52 and X 72 found to be insignificant terms in the quadratic model and had no response at significant level. The minimum and maximum xylanase production obtained was 331.50 U/g DBP and 1027.65 U/g DBP, respectively. The highest xylanase activity was obtained from Run No. 30, which consisted of yeast extract (X1), 1.00 g (%); NH4NO3 (X2), 0.20 g (%); peptone (X3), 1.00 g (%); urea (X4), 10 mg (%); CMC (X5), 1.00 g (%); Tween 20 (X6), 0.02 mL (%); CaCO3 (X7), 0.50 g (%) and MgSO4 (X8), 9.0 g (%). The optimization resulted in 3.1-fold increase of xylanase production, compared with the lowest xylanase production of 331.50 U/g DBP after 72 h of incubation in stationary flask experiment. Application of cellulase-free xylanase in pulp biobleaching from C. cellulans CKMX1 under C-EP-D sequence has been shown to bring about a 12.5 % reduction of chlorine, decrease of 0.8 kappa points (40 %), and gain in brightness was 1.42 % ISO points in 0.5 % enzyme treated pulp as compared to control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Walia
- />Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Jalandhar, 144001 Punjab India
| | - Preeti Mehta
- />Centre for Advance Bioenergy Research, Research & Development Centre, Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Sector-13, Faridabad, 121 007 India
| | - Shiwani Guleria
- />Department of Basic Sciences, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, 173230 Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Chand Karan Shirkot
- />Department of Basic Sciences, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, 173230 Himachal Pradesh India
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Guleria S, Walia A, Chauhan A, Shirkot CK. Purification and characterization of detergent stable alkaline protease from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SP1 isolated from apple rhizosphere. J Basic Microbiol 2015; 56:138-52. [PMID: 26375163 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201500341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A thermostable extracellular alkaline protease producing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SP1 was isolated from apple rhizosphere having multifarious plant growth promoting activities. Strain SP1 was purified to 6.48-fold using four-step purification protocol and characterized in detail for its robustness and ecofriendly application in leather and detergent industries. Structural analysis revealed that the protease was monomeric and had a molecular weight of 43 kDa. It exhibited optimum activity at 60°C in alkaline environment (pH 8.0) and stable in the presence of surfactants and oxidizing agents. Enzyme was thermostable at 50°C and retained more than 70% activity after 30 min incubation. It has shown stain removal property and dehairing of goat skin without chemical assistance and hydrolyzing fibrous proteins. This protease showed Km of 0.125 mg ml(-1) and V(max) of 12820 μg ml(-1) indicating its excellent affinity and catalytic role. Thermal inactivation of the pure enzyme followed first-order kinetics. The half life of the pure enzyme at 50, 60, and 65°C was 77, 19.80, and 13.33 min, respectively. The activation energy was 37.19 KJ mol(-1). The results suggest that the B. amyloliquefaciens SP1 has a potential application in different industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwani Guleria
- Department of Basic Sciences (Microbiology Section), Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, (H.P.), India
| | - Abhishek Walia
- Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Department of Basic Sciences (Microbiology Section), Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, (H.P.), India
| | - Chand Karan Shirkot
- Department of Basic Sciences (Microbiology Section), Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, (H.P.), India
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Walia A, Mehta P, Guleria S, Shirkot CK. Modification in the properties of paper by using cellulase-free xylanase produced from alkalophilic Cellulosimicrobium cellulans CKMX1 in biobleaching of wheat straw pulp. Can J Microbiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2015-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alkalophilic Cellulosimicrobium cellulans CKMX1 isolated from mushroom compost is an actinomycete that produces industrially important and environmentally safer thermostable cellulase-free xylanase, which is used in the pulp and paper industry as an alternative to the use of toxic chlorinated compounds. Strain CKMX1 was previously characterized by metabolic fingerprinting, whole-cell fatty acids methyl ester analysis, and 16S rDNA and was found to be C. cellulans CKMX1. Crude enzyme (1027.65 U/g DBP) produced by C. cellulans CKMX1, having pH and temperature optima of 8.0 and 60 °C, respectively, in solid state fermentation of apple pomace, was used in the production of bleached wheat straw pulp. Pretreatment with xylanase at a dose of 5 U/g after pulping decreased pulp kappa points by 1.4 as compared with the control. Prebleaching with a xylanase dose of 5 U/g pulp reduced the chlorine charge by 12.5%, increased the final brightness points by approximately 1.42% ISO, and improved the pulp strength properties. Xylanase could be substituted for alkali extraction in C–Ep–D sequence and used for treating chemically bleached pulp, resulting in bleached pulp with higher strength properties. Modification of bleached pulp with 5 U of enzyme/g increased pulp whiteness and breaking length by 1.03% and 60 m, respectively; decreased tear factor of pulp by 7.29%; increased bulk weight by 3.99%, as compared with the original pulp. Reducing sugars and UV-absorbing lignin-derived compound values were considerably higher in xylanase-treated samples. Cellulosimicrobium cellulans CKMX1 has a potential application in the pulp and paper industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Walia
- Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Jalandhar 144001, Punjab, India
| | - Preeti Mehta
- Centre for Advance Bioenergy Research, Research & Development Centre, Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Sector-13, Faridabad 121007, India
| | - Shiwani Guleria
- Department of Basic Sciences, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan 173230, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Chand Karan Shirkot
- Department of Basic Sciences, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan 173230, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kumar
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - D K Agarwal
- Department of Nephrology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - S Guleria
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - P Pushkar
- Department of Urology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Guleria S, Walia A, Chauhan A, Shirkot CK. Genotypic and Phenotypic Profile of Alkalophile Proteolytic Bacillus sp. Associated with Rhizosphere of Apple Trees in Trans Himalayas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40011-014-0447-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Guleria S, Jain S, Dinda AK, Mahajan S, Gupta S, Mehra NK. The short-term impact of protocol biopsies in a live-related renal transplant program using tacrolimus based immunosuppression. Indian J Nephrol 2013; 23:253-8. [PMID: 23960339 PMCID: PMC3741967 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.114474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of protocol biopsies in a live-related renal transplant program using tacrolimus-based immunosuppression in the short term. Eighty-three live-related transplant recipients were randomly allocated to protocol biopsy group (Group I, n = 40) and a control group (Group II, n = 43). Other immunosuppressants in these groups consisted of either mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine and steroids. Protocol biopsies were conducted in biopsy group at 1, 6, and 12 months post-transplant. The non-biopsy group was followed by serial serum creatinine and biopsies in them were conducted as and when clinically indicated. Both groups were analyzed at 12 months with respect to graft function and survival. The two groups were similar with respect to age, number of dialysis pre-operatively, tacrolimus levels, induction therapy, donor age, and donor glomerular filtration rate. Forty protocol biopsies were conducted at 1 month, 31 at 6 months, and 26 at 12 months. The prevalence of sub-clinical rejection at 1, 6, and 12 months in these biopsies was 17.5%, 11.2%, and 10.3%, respectively. The prevalence of calcineurin inhibitor toxicity during same period was 15%, 15.5%, and 14.4%, respectively. The cumulative rejection rate in Group I and Group II at 12-month follow-up was 10.3% and 11.3% (P = 0.78), respectively, and cumulative calcineurin inhibitor toxicity at 12 months was 14.4% and 9.3% (P = 0.59), respectively, were not statistically significant. There was no difference in graft survival and function at 1 year. Protocol biopsies have a limited role in a well-matched renal transplant program with tacrolimus-based immunosuppression in the short term. However, the long-term impact of protocol biopsies needs further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guleria
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Guleria S, Kelly T, Maheshwari M, Segall H. An Atypical Case of Chiari II Malformation Mimicking Partial Rhombencephalosynapsis. Neuroradiol J 2012; 25:528-32. [DOI: 10.1177/197140091202500505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Partial rhombencephalosynapsis in the presence of Chiari II malformation has been proposed as a “new abnormality of the hindbrain and spine“. We describe a case of Chiari II malformation with imaging features mimicking partial rhombencephalosynapsis. Our case demonstrates how the imaging findings of Chiari II malformation can be confused with the above entity and highlights the differentiating features to help radiologists make an accurate diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Guleria
- Pediatric Radiology, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin; Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - T.G. Kelly
- Pediatric Radiology, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin; Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - M. Maheshwari
- Pediatric Radiology, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin; Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - H.D. Segall
- Pediatric Radiology, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin; Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Sarangi SC, Reeta KH, Agarwal SK, Kaleekal T, Guleria S, Gupta YK. A pilot study on area under curve of mycophenolic acid as a guide for its optimal use in renal transplant recipients. Indian J Med Res 2012. [PMID: 22382188 PMCID: PMC3307190 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.93429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: The immunosuppressants administered to renal transplant subjects are usually monitored therapeutically to prevent graft rejection and drug toxicity. Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is an immunosuppressant. The present prospective study was undertaken to establish the utility of plasma level monitoring of MPA and to correlate it with clinical outcomes in renal transplant receipients. Methods: MPA plasma level at 2, 4 and 9 h and the area under concentration-time curve (AUC) were estimated using high performance liquid chromatography in 24 renal transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressant MPA plus tacrolimus and steroid. Results: There was wide inter-individual variation in MPA plasma level and the AUC. The incidences of gastrointestinal adverse drug events (diarrhoea and acidity) were significantly more in the high MPA AUC patients. Though biopsy proven acute rejection was not found, of the six subjects with lower MPA AUC (<30 mg.h/l), three were clinically diagnosed to develop tacrolimus nephrotoxicity. The Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) scores represented better health related quality of life in lower MPA AUC than in the higher MPA AUC (>60 mg.h/l). Interpretation & conclusions: The present findings suggest the MPA AUC of 30 - 60 mg.h/l in the maintenance stage of renal transplant patients to have optimum clinical benefit and relegated adverse events profile indicating the usefulness of AUC of MPA with limited sampling strategy in optimizing its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Sarangi
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Guleria S, Reddy VSK, Bora GS, Sagar R, Bhowmik D, Mahajan S. The quality of life of women volunteering as live-related kidney donors in India. Natl Med J India 2011; 24:342-344. [PMID: 22680258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women outnumber men 6:1 as live-related donors in our renal transplant programme. Women donors in developing regions are often illiterate and unemployed. This study was done to assess the change in quality of life of women who donate kidneys. METHODS We prospectively studied 73 consecutive women volunteering as live-related kidney donors over a 6-month period using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief (WHO QoL Bref) Questionnaire and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Each woman was interviewed 2 weeks before and 6 months after kidney donation. RESULTS There was a significant improvement in all the domains, namely physical (p=0.0001), psychological (p<0.0001), social relationship (p=0.037) and environment (p<0.0001) of the WHO QoL Bref questionnaire. Donors who were mothers had a greater improvement in all 4 domains than donors with other relationships. There was a significant decrease in the depression score (p<0.0001), but no change in the anxiety scores (p=0.065) following kidney donation. All donors would donate again, if possible. CONCLUSION In live-related women kidney donors, quality of life improves and depression scores decline after kidney donation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guleria
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Thota S, Guleria S, Bansal R, Hartmann R, Palusczak A. 414 Development of novel steroidal oxime-ethers for breast cancer therapy. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)70440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Panigrahi A, Ozawa M, Terasaki P, Saxena A, Bhowmik D, Guleria S, Mehra N. 004 Post transplant donor specific antibodies increases the predictability of chronic rejection. Indian Journal of Transplantation 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s2212-0017(11)60047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Imtiakum, Guleria S, Bora GS, Aggarwal S, Sharma S, Mahajan S, Gulati GS, Jagia P, Aggarwal SK, Bhowmik D, Gupta S. 020 Effect of renal transplant on coronary artery calcification. Indian Journal of Transplantation 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s2212-0017(11)60063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Jain S, Guleria S, Dinda AK, Mahajan S, Bhowmik D, Gupta S, Agarwal SK, Tiwari SC, Gupta A, Bansal VK, Panigarhi A, Mehra NK. To assess the impact of protocol biopsies in tacrolimus versus cyclosporine in a live related renal transplant program. Indian Journal of Transplantation 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s2212-0017(11)60102-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Panigrahi A, Shidhiki J, Margoob A, Bhowmik D, Guleria S, Mehra NK. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a biomarker to predict Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) in Renal Transplant allografts. Indian Journal of Transplantation 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s2212-0017(11)60093-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Panigrahi A, Ozawa M, Terasaki P, Bhowmik D, Guleria S, Mehra N. Post Transplant donor specific antibodies increase the predictability of Chronic rejection. Indian Journal of Transplantation 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s2212-0017(11)60094-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Reddy VS, Guleria S, Gupta A, Bansal VK, Mahajan S, Bhowmik D, Sagar R, Tiwari SC. A prospective study of quality of life of live related kidney donors. Indian Journal of Transplantation 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s2212-0017(11)60112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Yadav R, Mehta SN, Kumar A, Guleria S, Seenu V, Tiwari SC. A prospective analysis of testicular androgenic function in recipients of a renal allograft. Int Urol Nephrol 2008; 40:397-403. [PMID: 18392945 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-007-9277-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2007] [Accepted: 08/16/2007] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Eighteen adult males with end stage renal disease (ESRD) were studied to determine the serum levels of gonadotropins (LH and FSH), prolactin (PRL) and testosterone. All of the patients were studied longitudinally while undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD) and six months after renal transplantation. Prior to transplantation, significantly high levels of gonadotropins and PRL were observed. During HD the serum testosterone levels tended to be subnormal in most of the uremic patients and low normal in some of the subjects. Renal transplantation led to a significant improvement (P < 0.05) in serum testosterone. Elevated gonadotropin and PRL levels observed in patients on HD returned to the normal range in most of the patients after successful renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Yadav
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Guleria S, Kamboj M, Chatterjee A, Sharma M, Awasthy V, Dinda A, Mahajan S, Bhowmik D, Gupta S, Agarwal S, Tiwari S. Generic Tacrolimus (Pan Graf) in Renal Transplantation: An Experience of 155 Recipients in India. Transplant Proc 2008; 40:2237-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Panigrahi A, Shidhiki J, Margoob A, Bhowmik D, Dash SC, Guleria S, Mehta SN, Mehra NK. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a biomarker to predict Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) in Renal Transplant allografts. Indian Journal of Transplantation 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s2212-0017(12)60021-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Agarwal SK, Tiwari SC, Gupta S, Guleria S, Bhowmik D, Mahajan S. IL-2 Receptor Antibody Induction In Primary, Living Renal Transplant: Single Center Experience. Indian Journal of Transplantation 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s2212-0017(12)60058-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Panigrahi A, Shidhiki J, Rai A, Margoob A, Bhowmik D, Dash SC, Guleria S, Mehta SN, Mehra NK. Humoral Immune Response Mediated by Antidonor, Anti HLA and MICA Antibody Repertoire is Associated with Renal Allograft Rejection. Indian Journal of Transplantation 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s2212-0017(12)60022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Bhowmik D, Dinda AK, Xess I, Sethuraman G, Mahajan S, Gupta S, Agarwal SK, Guleria S, Tiwari SC. Fungal panniculitis in renal transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis 2007; 10:286-9. [PMID: 18086276 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2007.00293.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Panniculitis may result due to various etiologies. In post-transplant immunosuppressed patients infection is the foremost cause of panniculitis. We present 2 cases of fungal panniculitis in renal transplant recipients. The first patient presented with non-tender firm erythematous plaques on the left thigh. Biopsy showed panniculitis with cryptococci. Subsequent investigations revealed the presence of cryptococcal antigens in the blood, urine, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. There was no evidence of cryptococcal meningitis. The second patient complained of subcutaneous nodules on the trunk and right thigh. Biopsy of one of the nodules showed panniculitis with histoplasma. This patient had been treated earlier (inadequately) for disseminated histoplasmosis. Both the cases responded well to conventional amphotericin B therapy. Their renal functions remained stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bhowmik
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Nayak B, Guleria S, Varma M, Tandon N, Aggarwal S, Bhowmick D, Agarwal SK, Mahajan S, Gupta S, Tiwari SC. Effect of bisphosphonates on bone mineral density after renal transplantation as assessed by bone mineral densitometry. Transplant Proc 2007; 39:750-2. [PMID: 17445589 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Steroid-induced osteoporosis is a major problem after organ transplantation. There is considerable evidence that bisphosphonates are effective in decreasing osteoporosis. AIM This prospective study was carried out to see the effects of bisphosphonates on bone mineral density (BMD) after successful renal transplantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty consecutive patients of successful renal transplantation were randomized into two groups. Group A (n = 27) received 35 mg/wk of Alendronate for 6 months after transplantation. Group B (n = 23) did not receive Alendronate and served as a control. Both groups underwent a pretransplant baseline dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan of their hips and lumber spines. Both groups received oral calcium and vitamin D supplement. Both groups were matched for the regimen and dose of immunosuppressive drugs. BMD was measured at 3 months and 6 months after transplantation. RESULTS Both groups showed a decline in BMD in early months posttransplantation. However, the 6-month DEXA scans showed a significant rise in BMD in group A as compared to group B. CONCLUSION Bisphosphonates appear to have a beneficial effect on steroid-induced bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nayak
- Department of Surgery, Endocrinology and Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Panigrahi A, Gupta N, Siddiqui JA, Margoob A, Bhowmik D, Guleria S, Mehra NK. Monitoring of anti-HLA and anti-Major histocompatibility complex class I related chain A antibodies in living related renal donor transplantation. Transplant Proc 2007; 39:759-60. [PMID: 17445592 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken with the aim to analyze the clinical relevance of posttransplant anti-HLA and anti-major histocompatibility complex class I related chain A (MICA) antibodies in response to living related donor renal transplantation. A total of 185 consecutive post-renal transplant recipient serum samples were analyzed for the detection of anti-HLA and MICA antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosolvent assay techniques. Patients carrying both anti-HLA as well as anti-MICA antibodies (MICA(+)/HLA(+)) were the worst affected, showing significantly poorer graft survival compared with the MICA-/HLA-negative group (17% vs 89%, chi(2) = 19.63, P = .000). Similarly, patients with only MICA antibodies or those with only HLA antibodies also had significantly lower graft survival (P = .035 and P = .001, respectively) as compared to the nonsensitized group. The study illustrated that posttransplant monitoring antibodies to both MICA as well as HLA could be good predictors of renal allograft failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Panigrahi
- Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Guleria S, Kamboj M, Sharma M, Chatterjee A, Dinda A, Chaudhary A, Mahajan S, Gupta S, Bhowmik D, Agarwal SK, Tiwari SC, Dash SC. Tacrolimus (Pan Graf) in Live Related Renal Transplantation: An Initial Experience of 101 Recipients in India. Transplant Proc 2007; 39:747-9. [PMID: 17445588 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Success of modern transplantation is in large part due to the successful development of effective immunosuppressive agents. The safety and efficacy of tacrolimus in transplantation is well established. However, tacrolimus (Pan Graf, Panacea Biotec Ltd, India) has only been available in India for the last 2 years. This study was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of tacrolimus in live related kidney transplantation. We report an initial experience of tacrolimus as de novo therapy in a live related renal transplantation program. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred one consecutive recipients of a live renal allograft were commenced on triple immunosuppression consisting of tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine, and steroids. The dose of tacrolimus was adjusted to keep trough levels at 10-12 ng/mL in the first 3 months, 8-10 ng/mL in the next 3 months, and 5-8 ng/mL thereafter. All patients were followed up for a period ranging from 4 weeks to 24 months. The effect of this regimen on the incidence of graft rejection, graft survival, patient survival, and new-onset diabetes mellitus was evaluated. Any evidence of graft dysfunction was evaluated using a graft biopsy. RESULTS There were 89 male and 12 female patients with mean age of 32.08 years. The incidence of acute rejection was 3.96%; 21.05% developed new-onset diabetes mellitus. Six patients were diabetic prior to transplantation and 9 patients were hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive; 77.7% of HCV-positive patients and 15.1% of HCV-negative patients developed posttransplantation diabetes mellitus. The patient survival rate at the current follow-up was 92.07%. No graft was lost due to rejection. CONCLUSION Tacrolimus is a safe and effective immunosuppressant in live related renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guleria
- Department of Surgery and Nephrology and Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India, and Panacea Biotec India Ltd.
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Panigrahi A, Siddiqui JA, Rai A, Margoob A, Khaira A, Bhowmik D, Tiwari SC, Guleria S, Mehra NK. Allosensitization to HLA and MICA is an important measure of renal graft outcome. Clin Transpl 2007:211-217. [PMID: 18637472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the donor-specific antibody repertoire against T and B cells and monocytes, as well as the non-donor anti-HLA, and MICA (MHC class I-related chain A) antibodies in recipients of the live related donor renal transplantation. Sera collected before and after transplantation were tested by ELISA for the presence of HLA class I- and class II-specific antibodies and by Luminex MICA single-antigen bead assay for the detection of MICA antibodies. Patients having a combination of both anti-HLA and MICA antibodies had worse graft survival and more rejection episodes as compared to the group without antibodies. Further, presence of IgG antibodies against the donor cells (T, B & monocytes) led to a compromised graft survival along with higher incidence of acute rejection as compared to the negative groups. These results suggest that a comprehensive assessment of anti-donor antibody repertoire and monitoring of anti-HLA, MICA antibodies following transplantation is a useful exercise to detect the sensitization status of the recipient and this can prove to be of immense prognostic value in renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Panigrahi
- Department of Transplant Immunology & Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Guleria S, Kamboj M, Singh P, Sharma M, Pandey S, Chatterjee A, Dinda AK, Mahajan S, Gupta S, Bhowmik D, Agarwal SK, Tiwari SC, Dash SC. Tacrolimus (Pan Graf) as de Novo Therapy in Renal Transplant Recpients in India. Transplant Proc 2006; 38:2029-31. [PMID: 16979989 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The safety and efficacy of tacrolimus in transplantation is well established. However, tacrolimus has only recently been available in India. We report an initial experience using tacrolimus as de novo therapy in a living related renal transplant program. Fifty-two consecutive recipients of living renal allografts were treated with tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, or azathioprine and steroids. The dose of tacrolimus was adjusted to keep trough levels at 10 to 12 ng/mL in the first 3 months, 8 to 10 ng/mL in the next 3 months, and 5 to 8 ng/mL thereafter. Any evidence of graft dysfunction was evaluated by graft biopsy. The effect of this regimen on the lipid profile as well as the incidence of posttransplant diabetes mellitus was evaluated in an Indian population. All patients were followed for periods ranging from 6 to 72 weeks (mean = 29 weeks). The incidence of acute rejection was 3.84%; 17.3% developed posttransplant diabetes mellitus. Graft and patient survivals at the current follow-up were 100% and 96.26%. In conclusion, tacrolimus is a safe and effective immunosuppressant in a living related renal transplant program.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guleria
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
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Varma M, Guleria S, Gupta S, Dinda AK, Agarwal SK, Mahajan S, Bhowmik D, Tiwari SC, Dash SC. Significance of Protocol Biopsies in Living Related Renal Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2006; 38:2016-7. [PMID: 16979984 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Subclinical rejection (SCR) in a normally functioning renal allograft may have an impact on long-term graft outcome. SCR detection is best done by protocol biopsies in clinically normal grafts. METHODS We evaluated 20 stable living related renal allografts with protocol biopsies on days 7 and 90 posttransplant. SCR when detected was treated with a 3-day pulse of methylprednisolone therapy. The outcomes of these grafts were compared with 63 other clinically stable renal allografts that did not undergo protocol biopsies. RESULTS SCR was observed in 60% of cases. The patients who received antirejection therapy for SCR based on protocol biopsies showed better graft survival and mean serum creatinine values at the end of the follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Varma
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India, Pin-110029
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Panigrahi A, Deka R, Bhowmik D, Dash SC, Tiwari SC, Guleria S, Mehta SN, Mehra NK. Functional assessment of immune markers of graft rejection: a comprehensive study in live-related donor renal transplantation. Clin Transplant 2006; 20:85-90. [PMID: 16556160 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2005.00445.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A better understanding of the immunobiological processes and predictors of graft rejection holds promise for the development of potential therapeutic strategies and also individualization of immunosuppression. The objective of this study is to analyze the clinical relevance of immune parameters such as antidonor antihuman leukocyte antigen (anti-HLA) antibodies, monitoring of cytokines and their receptors on the graft outcome following live-related donor renal transplantation. Flow cytometry-based methods were used to detect antidonor antibodies (flow cytometry crossmatch, FCXM) and intracellular cytokines. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods were employed to detect anti-HLA class I and class II antibodies and quantitative serum-soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels. The data revealed that patients with HLA class I-specific IgG antibody experienced higher acute rejection (AR) episodes at 1 yr in comparison to the antibody negative group (82% vs. 56%, p = 0.01). On the contrary, donor-specific class II antibodies (B+) did not have any influence on the graft survival. However, 15 recipients having both T- and B-cell antidonor antibodies (T+B+) had significantly poor graft survival (60%) as compared to the antibody-negative group (T-B-, 82%, p = 0.05). Additionally, patients having non-donor but HLA-specific antibodies (FCXM-/ELISA+) had poor graft survival as compared to the antibody-negative group (64% vs. 88%, p < 0.05). Further, patients undergoing AR episodes had significantly higher expression of IFN-gamma-producing T cells (19.16 +/- 7.4% median 17.50) as compared to their pre-transplant levels (5.68 +/- 1.63%, Median 5.20) and the non-rejecter group (5.97 +/- 4.39%, median 4.3, p = 0.0004). Similarly sIL-2 was significantly increased in AR episodes during the first month of transplantation (292 +/- 131.5 pmol/L) as compared to those with well-functioning grafts (p = 0.01) and healthy controls (p = 0.001). Evaluation of antidonor antibodies by flow cytometry is found to be relatively more sensitive and a better predictor of graft outcome. Further monitoring of cytokine expression profile of primed peripheral T-helper cells and quantitative analysis of sIL-2R offer additional valuable diagnostic and prognostic tools for follow-up of transplant subjects and a better alternative for functional assessment of immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Panigrahi
- Department of Transplant Immunology & Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Guleria S. Simultaneous Pancreas Kidney Transplantation for Insulin Dependant Diabetes Mellitus. Indian Journal of Transplantation 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s2212-0017(12)60093-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Vikrant S, Agarwal SK, Gupta S, Bhowmik D, Tiwari SC, Dash SC, Guleria S, Mehta SN. Prospective randomized control trial of isoniazid chemoprophylaxis during renal replacement therapy. Transpl Infect Dis 2005; 7:99-108. [PMID: 16390397 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2005.00103.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infectious diseases remain among the major morbid events in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on renal replacement therapy (RRT). In developing countries, tuberculosis (TB) has been found to occur more frequently in these patients than in the general population. Efficacy of isoniazid (INH) chemoprophylaxis has been seen in other situations, such as human immunodeficiency virus infection. However, studies on INH prophylaxis in ESRD patients on RRT are limited. METHODS In this prospective randomized controlled trial, from April 2000 to June 2001, a total of 109 ESRD patients registered for renal transplant and accepted for maintenance hemodialysis in our hospital were included and followed up until June 2004 to assess the role of INH prophylaxis in preventing development of TB. At the time of acceptance for hemodialysis, 54 patients were assigned to receive daily INH for 1 year and 55 patients were assigned to the control group. Primary outcome was development of TB. Secondary outcome was INH hepatotoxicity. To evaluate the effect of INH prophylaxis on the development of TB, a Kaplan-Meier survival estimate was used to plot TB-free survival curve and log-rank test was used for comparison. RESULTS Overall, TB was diagnosed in 27 patients during RRT, with an incidence of 24.8%. TB developed in 9 (16.7%) patients in the INH group and in 18 (32.7%) patients in the control group. There was a significantly lower incidence of TB in the INH group as compared with the control group. The risk ratio of INH vs. control group for development of TB was 0.40 (95% confidence index [CI], 0.17-0.92; P=0.032). In the INH group 27 (50%) patients and in the control group 17 (30.9%) patients developed some hepatic dysfunction. However, significant hepatitis that required discontinuation of INH developed in only 9 (16.7%) patients in the INH group. Furthermore, significant hepatitis also developed in 6 (10.9%) patients in the control group. The majority of patients with significant hepatitis in both groups (INH as well as control) were subsequently found to be positive for hepatitis B and/or hepatitis C viral infection. Mild hepatitis (which did not require discontinuation of INH) was seen in 18 (33.3%) patients in the INH group and 11 (20%) patients in the control group. Viral hepatitis infection was not found in any of the milder cases of hepatitis in either group. CONCLUSION This study shows significant efficacy of INH chemoprophylaxis during RRT in preventing development of TB, when the INH was started during dialysis itself. INH chemoprophylaxis was safe and well tolerated in the majority of patients. However, mild hepatic dysfunction was common, both in the treatment as well as in the control group. As the incidence of viral hepatitis overall was high in our patients on RRT, it is difficult to identify INH-induced hepatitis in this clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vikrant
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Guleria S, Agarwal RK, Guleria R, Bhowmik D, Agarwal SK, Tiwari SC. The Effect of Renal Transplantation on Pulmonary Function and Respiratory Muscle Strength in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease. Transplant Proc 2005; 37:664-5. [PMID: 15848494 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2005.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength was assessed in 29 hemodialysis patients who underwent successful renal transplantation. These tests were performed 7 days prior to transplantation, 30 days following transplantation, and 90 days posttransplantation. Patients with end-stage renal disease showed dyspnea, a restrictive defect in pulmonary function, respiratory muscle weakness, and hypoxia. Following transplantation the dyspnea improved and mechanical indices of respiratory muscle function and lung volume improved. In conclusion transplantation resulted in a significant improvement in lung and respiratory muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guleria
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Surgery, New Delhi, India.
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Guleria S, Chahal R, Madaan S, Irving HC, Newstead CG, Pollard SG, Lodge JPA. Ureteric Complications of Renal Transplantation: The Impact of the Double J Stent and the Anterior Extravesical Ureteroneocystostomy. Transplant Proc 2005; 37:1054-6. [PMID: 15848621 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2004.12.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The urological complications of renal transplantation are well documented. In 1990, our experience of 507 consecutive renal transplants using the Leadbetter-Politano technique, which was unsplinted in the vast majority of patients, had a ureteric complication rate of 7.7%. Here, we report the long-term incidence and management of our ureteric complications in 1186 consecutive renal transplants done over the following 11 years using an extravesical onlay stented ureteroneocystostomy. We report a considerable reduction in the urological complications of renal transplantation to 3.8%. Furthermore, we were able to use percutaneous radiological techniques to salvage the majority (84.7%) of ureteric complications. Recourse to surgery was required rarely but enabled salvage of all treatment failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guleria
- St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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Guleria S, Aggarwal S, Bansal VK, Varma MC, Kashyap L, Tandon N, Mahajan S, Bhowmik D, Agarwal SK, Mehra NK, Misra MC. The first successful simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant in India. Natl Med J India 2005; 18:18-9. [PMID: 15835486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with renal failure, diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy and vasculopathy. We report the first successful simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant in India in a young diabetic with renal failure. The dual transplant has cured his diabetes and renal failure and has had a beneficial effect on his neuropathy, retinopathy and quality of life. Obstacles to dual transplant in India include a lack of suitable recipients and a cadaver donor programme that is still in its infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guleria
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.
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Abstract
Lymphocele is a common cause of fluid collection in post-renal transplant patients. Most of these patients are routinely followed up with 99mTc diethylenetriaminepentaacetate renal dynamic scintigraphy. The present study retrospectively reviews the range of findings with renal dynamic scintigraphy in documented lymphoceles. A lymphocele was diagnosed when there was a pelvic collection on ultrasonography with a similar biochemical composition to plasma. Four types of scintigraphy patterns were noted in lymphocele in a total of 13 patients. In nine patients there was an initial photopenic area, which progressively filled up with tracer activity equal to that of the background level in delayed images. In two other patients, the activity in the initial photopenic area exceeded the background activity in delayed images. A persistently photopenic area was seen in early and delayed images in the two remaining patients. In addition, a rim of increased tracer activity was noted surrounding the photopenic area in four patients in the early images. In conclusion, an initial photopenic area (with or without a surrounding rim of increased tracer activity), which fills up with tracer in delayed images seems to be the most common pattern seen in lymphoceles in scintigraphic studies of renal transplants. The presence of a rim sign may add confidence to the reporting of a collection as a lymphocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V R Reddy
- Department of Surgery and Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Guleria S, Aggarwal S, Mandal S, Singh P, Mehta SN, Aggarwal SK, Bhowmik D, Gupta S, Tiwari SK, Dash SC. The mini-donor nephrectomy: a viable option. Transplant Proc 2003; 35:39-40. [PMID: 12591297 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(02)03786-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Guleria
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Bhowmik D, Dash SC, Guleria S, Panigrahi A, Gupta S, Agarwal S, Tiwari SC, Mehta SN, Mehra NK. Spousal renal transplants: implications in developing countries. Transplant Proc 2003; 35:26-7. [PMID: 12591291 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(02)03852-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Bhowmik
- Departments of Nephrology, Histocompatibility, and Immunogenetics and Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Basak U, Mitra DK, Panigrahi A, Guleria S, Agarwal S, Mehta SN, Dash SC, Mehra NK. Clinical relevance of monitoring cytokine production following living donor renal transplantation. Transplant Proc 2003; 35:404-6. [PMID: 12591461 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(02)03897-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U Basak
- Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guleria
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
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