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Hellal MS, El-Kamah HM, Doma HS. High-performance internal circulation anaerobic granular sludge reactor for cattle slaughterhouse wastewater treatment and simultaneous biogas production. BMC Biotechnol 2024; 24:29. [PMID: 38720285 PMCID: PMC11080252 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-024-00849-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This research investigates the efficacy of a high-performance pilot-scale Internal Circulation Anaerobic Reactor inoculated with Granular Sludge (ICAGSR) for treating cattle slaughterhouse wastewater while concurrently generating biogas. The primary objective is to assess the efficiency and performance of ICAGSR in terms of organic pollutant removal and biogas production using granular anaerobic sludge. The research methodology entails operating the ICAGSR system under ambient conditions and systematically varying key parameters, including different Hydraulic Retention Times (HRTs) (24, 12, and 8 h) and Organic Loading Rates (OLRs) (3.3, 6.14, and 12.83 kg COD/m³. d). The study focuses on evaluating pollutants' removal and biogas production rates. Results reveal that the ICAGSR system achieves exceptional removal efficiency for organic pollutants, with Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal exceeding 74%, 67%, and 68% at HRTs of 24, 12, and 8 h, respectively. Furthermore, the system demonstrates stable and sustainable biogas production, maintaining average methane contents of 80%, 76%, and 72% throughout the experimental period. The successful operation of the ICAGSR system underscores its potential as a viable technology for treating cattle slaughterhouse wastewater and generating renewable biogas. In conclusion, this study contributes to wastewater treatment and renewable energy production by providing a comprehensive analysis of the ICAGSR system's hydrodynamic properties. The research enhances our understanding of the system's performance optimization under varying conditions, emphasizing the benefits of utilizing ICAGSR reactors with granular sludge as an effective and sustainable approach. Identifying current gaps, future research directions aim to further refine and broaden the application of ICAGSR technology in wastewater treatment and renewable energy initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Saad Hellal
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Behooth St, Dokki, Cairo, P.O. Box 12622, Egypt.
| | - Hala M El-Kamah
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Behooth St, Dokki, Cairo, P.O. Box 12622, Egypt
| | - Hala Salah Doma
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Behooth St, Dokki, Cairo, P.O. Box 12622, Egypt
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2
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Maurya KL, Swain G, Kumar M, Sonwani RK, Verma A, Singh RS. Biodegradation of Congo Red Dye Using Lysinibacillus Species in a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor: Continuous Study and Kinetic Evaluation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:5267-5279. [PMID: 36988848 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04425-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to develop a low-cost and efficient biocarrier for biodegradation of azo dye (i.e., Congo red (CR) dye). The potential bacterial species, i.e., Lysinibacillus fusiformis KLM1 and Lysinibacillus macrolides KLM2, were isolated from the dye-contaminated site. These bacterial species were immobilized onto the polypropylene-polyurethane foam (PP-PUF) and employed in a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) for the treatment of CR dye. The effectiveness of the MBBR was investigated by operating the bioreactor in a continuous mode at various initial CR dye concentrations (50-250 mg/L) for 113 days. The removal efficiency was found in the range of 88.4-64.6% when the initial dye concentration was varied from 50 to 250 mg/L. The maximum elimination capacity (EC) of 213.18 mg/L.d was found at 250 mg/L of CR dye concentration. In addition, the CR dye utilization rate in the MBBR was studied by using two kinetics, namely, first-order and second-order (Grau) models. The high regression coefficients (R2 > 0.97) and the satisfactory root mean square (RMSE) values (0.00096-0.02610) indicated the reasonable prediction of CR dye degradation rate by the Grau model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanhaiya Lal Maurya
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ganesh Swain
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Mohit Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Sonwani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Petroleum and Energy (IIPE), Visakhapatnam, 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ankur Verma
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ram Sharan Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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3
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Sethi S, Gupta R, Bharshankh A, Sahu R, Biswas R. Celebrating 50 years of microbial granulation technologies: From canonical wastewater management to bio-product recovery. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 872:162213. [PMID: 36796691 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microbial granulation technologies (MGT) in wastewater management are widely practised for more than fifty years. MGT can be considered a fine example of human innovativeness-driven nature wherein the manmade forces applied during operational controls in the biological process of wastewater treatment drive the microbial communities to modify their biofilms into granules. Mankind, over the past half a century, has been refining the knowledge of triggering biofilm into granules with some definite success. This review captures the journey of MGT from inception to maturation providing meaningful insights into the process development of MGT-based wastewater management. The full-scale application of MGT-based wastewater management is discussed with an understanding of functional microbial interactions within the granule. The molecular mechanism of granulation through the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and signal molecules is also highlighted in detail. The recent research interest in the recovery of useful bioproducts from the granular EPS is also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradhanjali Sethi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India; Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020, India
| | - Rohan Gupta
- Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020, India
| | - Ankita Bharshankh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India; Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020, India
| | - Rojalin Sahu
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India; Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020, India
| | - Rima Biswas
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India; Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020, India.
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S R, Sabumon PC. A critical review on slaughterhouse waste management and framing sustainable practices in managing slaughterhouse waste in India. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 327:116823. [PMID: 36455438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Global meat consumption is on a rise with around 253 million metric tons of meat produced globally in the year 2020. Because of the rise in population and change in food preferences, meat consumption trend is likely to continue. Meat production by animal slaughtering increases the slaughterhouse wastes in the form of both solid and liquid wastes. Although various technologies for slaughterhouse waste management are available in developed countries, the effective utilization of slaughterhouse waste management is still missing in developing countries like India. India plays an active role in the meat export business globally and stood 2nd in the world with a total export valuation of 2.89 billion US $ in the year 2020. In this context, this study presents a critical overview of the current technological advancements in the global slaughterhouse waste management including utilization of by-products and further, the prevailing slaughterhouse waste management of India is discussed. Finally, a sustainable slaughterhouse waste management strategy emphasizing circular economy and regulations improvements have been suggested for India to compete in this sector at global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragasri S
- School of Civil Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai Campus, Chennai, 600127, India
| | - P C Sabumon
- School of Civil Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai Campus, Chennai, 600127, India.
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5
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Use of Water in Animal Production, Slaughter, and Processing. J Food Prot 2022; 85:1756-1778. [PMID: 36135720 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-22-144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Aziz A, Rameez H, Sengar A, Sharma D, Farooqi IH, Basheer F. Biogas production and nutrients removal from slaughterhouse wastewater using integrated anaerobic and aerobic granular intermittent SBRs - Bioreactors stability and microbial dynamics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 848:157575. [PMID: 35882347 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Slaughterhouse wastewater (SWW) was effectively treated in sequential anaerobic and aerobic granular intermittent sequencing batch reactors (ASBR+ISBR) for 665 days at different HRTs (48 h, 32 h, 24 h, and 12 h). The ASBR was stable at each HRT but performed relatively well at 12 h (OLR - 7.8-9.8 kg COD/m3-d) in terms of pollutants removal and biogas production than previously conducted research. The average biogas production was about 17.3 L/day having 70-76 % of CH4 which could subsidize around 52 % of electricity demand while saving 103 US dollars/day if installed at full scale. In the case of post aerobic granular ISBR, carbon and nutrients removal (N&P) was achieved by enriching granules (1.7-2.2 mm) at low DO (0.5-0.8 mg/L) via the nitrite pathway. The ISBR was also well stable at 12 h HRT (average OLR of 2.1 kg COD/m3-d) and met the effluent discharge guidelines recommended by the Central Pollution Control Board of India. During steady-state conditions (12 h HRT), the average removal efficiencies for COD, TSS, O&G, TN, and PO4-P were 98.8 %, 96.4 %, 98.7 %, 93.4 %, and 86.6 % respectively from combined ASBR and ISBR. The microbial analysis confirmed Euryarchaeota, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, and Synergistetes as the dominant phyla in ASBR. Methanosaeta (21.56 %) and Methanosarcina (6.48 %) were the prevailing methanogens for CH4 production. The leading phyla observed in ISBR were Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Armatimonadetes, Verrucomicrobia, Chloroflexi, and Planctomycetes. Heterotrophic AOB (Thauera, Xanthomonadaceae, Pseudomonas, Sphingomonadaceae, and Rhodococcus) were mainly detected in the system for ammonia oxidation besides common autotrophic AOB. Similarly, a known PAO (Accumulibacter) was not identified but other PAO (Rhodocyclaceae, Dechloromonas, Pseudomonas, Flavobacteriaceae, and Sphingobacteriaceae) were prevalent inside aerobic granular ISBR that contributed to both carbon and nutrients removal. The results obtained would help implement the investigated reactor configurations at the pilot and full scale for SWW treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad Aziz
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Hussain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Hasan Rameez
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Hussain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Ashish Sengar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Diwakar Sharma
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Hussain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Izharul Haq Farooqi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Hussain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Farrukh Basheer
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Hussain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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Hernández-Fydrych VC, Del Carmen Fajardo-Ortíz M, Salazar-Peláez ML. Performance evaluation and kinetics modeling of a hybrid UASB reactor treating bovine slaughterhouse wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:80994-81005. [PMID: 35727513 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21532-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to analyze the performance of a hybrid upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (HUASB) reactor packed with natural zeolite for slaughterhouse wastewater treatment through kinetics modeling. Wastewater samples from a municipal bovine slaughterhouse were sieved through a 1-mm mesh screen and thermally pretreated in an autoclave. Then, biological treatment was carried out in a HUASB reactor packed with a zeolite filter at the top. Slaughterhouse wastewater was diluted with municipal wastewater during the start-up period to achieve a low organic loading rate (OLR) (3.4 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/m3/day); afterward, it gradually increased until dilution was eliminated, reaching 14.4 kg COD/m3/day. At this OLR, the maximum percentage removals of total COD, soluble COD, total solid, and volatile solid (67.7%, 68.3%, 55.2%, and 72.1%, respectively) were found. Moreover, the zeolite filter enabled NH4+-N and PO43--P removal, with the highest values (32.8% and 35%, respectively) at 9.8 kg COD/m3/day. Thus, the natural zeolite filter improved the reactor's performance. Among all equations analyzed, the modified Stover-Kincannon equation correctly fitted the results and provided the best prediction of the HUASB reactor's performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vianka Celina Hernández-Fydrych
- Departamento de Biotecnología, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, 09340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Del Carmen Fajardo-Ortíz
- Departamento de Biotecnología, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, 09340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mónica Liliana Salazar-Peláez
- Departamento de Biotecnología, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, 09340, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 180, Col. Reynosa Tamaulipas, 02200, Mexico City, Mexico.
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ADOU KE, KOUAKOU AR, EHOUMAN AD, TYAGI RD, DROGUI P, ADOUBY K. Coupling anaerobic digestion process and electrocoagulation using iron and aluminium electrodes for slaughterhouse wastewater treatment. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Roets-Dlamini Y, Moonsamy G, Lalloo R, Ramchuran S. Use of Bacillus spp in the bioremediation of fats, oils and greases (FOG's), and other waste substrates in food processing effluents. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Mariraj Mohan S, Swathi T. A review on upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor: Factors affecting performance, modification of configuration and its derivatives. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e1665. [PMID: 34837281 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor can be considered as one of the promising anaerobic wastewater treatment technologies suitable for the treatment of high-strength wastewater. In the recent period, researchers have focused on the treatment of low-strength wastewater using this technology. This review focuses on the key factors affecting the reactor performance such as hydraulic retention time (HRT), temperature, organic loading rate (OLR), pH and alkalinity, granulation, wastewater characteristics, mixing, and modification to conventional configuration. Start-up and granulation played a major role in the determination of reactor performance, and various theories have been proposed to understand the mechanism of granulation. Correlation between start-up time and OLR was found to be low, as other operating parameters might have been influencing the start-up time. Flowchart depicting the development of UASB reactor over time is included. In the present work, further development and derivatives of the UASB reactor such as static granular bed reactor (SGBR) and expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor are analyzed. The optimal conditions for UASB for treating various types of substrates was found to be HRT of 3-24 h, OLR of 1-15 kg COD/m3 /d, and operational temperature in mesophilic range (30-40°C). Analysis of various modifications that pave the way for identification of future areas of research to improve reactor performance is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mariraj Mohan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Alagappa Chettiar Government College of Engineering and Technology, Karaikudi, India
| | - T Swathi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Alagappa Chettiar Government College of Engineering and Technology, Karaikudi, India
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Marzuki TNTM, Idrus S, Musa MA, Wahab AMA, Jamali NS, Man HC, Ng SNM. Enhancement of Bioreactor Performance Using Acclimatised Seed Sludge in Anaerobic Treatment of Chicken Slaughterhouse Wastewater: Laboratory Achievement, Energy Recovery, and Its Commercial-Scale Potential. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3313. [PMID: 34828044 PMCID: PMC8614442 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lack of good management practice of chicken slaughterhouse wastewater (CSWW) has caused pollution into water bodies. In this study, the potential of seed sludge acclimatised modified synthetic wastewater (MSWW) on bioreactor performance and energy recovery of CSWW treatment was investigated. Two sets of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors were employed. The seed sludge in UASB 2 was acclimatised with MSWW for 30 days. In UASB 1, no acclimatisation process was undertaken on seed sludge for control purposes. After the acclimatisation process of UASB 2, both reactors were supplied with CSWW under the same condition of organic loading rate (OLR = 0.5 to 6 gCOD/L/d) and mesophilic condition (37 °C). COD removal efficiencies of UASB 2 were >80% all through the steady-state of the OLR applied. Meanwhile, a drastic decrease in overall performance was observed in UASB 1 when the OLR was increased to 3, 4, 5, and 6 gCOD/L/d. Energy recovery from laboratory scale and projected value from commercial-scale bioreactor were 0.056 kWh and 790.49 kWh per day, respectively. Preliminary design of an on-site commercial-scale anaerobic reactor was proposed at a capacity of 60 m3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Nurfarhana Tuan Mohd Marzuki
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (T.N.T.M.M.); (M.A.M.); (S.N.M.N.)
| | - Syazwani Idrus
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (T.N.T.M.M.); (M.A.M.); (S.N.M.N.)
| | - Mohammed Ali Musa
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (T.N.T.M.M.); (M.A.M.); (S.N.M.N.)
- Department of Civil and Water Resources Engineering, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri 600104, Nigeria
| | - Abdul Malek Abdul Wahab
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Syakina Jamali
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Hasfalina Che Man
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Sabrina Ng Muhamad Ng
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (T.N.T.M.M.); (M.A.M.); (S.N.M.N.)
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Slaughterhouse Wastewater Treatment: A Review on Recycling and Reuse Possibilities. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13223175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Slaughterhouses produce a large amount of wastewater, therefore, with respect to the increasing water scarcity, slaughterhouse wastewater (SWW) recycling seems to be a desirable goal. The emerging challenges and opportunities for recycling and reuse have been examined here. The selection of a suitable process for SWW recycling is dependent on the characteristics of the wastewater, the available technology, and the legal requirements. SWW recycling is not operated at a large scale up to date, due to local legal sanitary requirements as well as challenges in technical implementation. Since SWW recycling with single-stage technologies is unlikely, combined processes are examined and evaluated within the scope of this publication. The process combination of dissolved air flotation (DAF) followed by membrane bioreactor (MBR) and, finally, reverse osmosis (RO) as a polishing step seems to be particularly promising. In this way, wastewater treatment for process water reuse could be achieved in theory, as well as in comparable laboratory experiments. Furthermore, it was calculated via the methane production potential that the entire energy demand of wastewater treatment could be covered if the organic fraction of the wastewater was used for biogas production.
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Zoroufchi Benis K, Behnami A, Aghayani E, Farabi S, Pourakbar M. Water recovery and on-site reuse of laundry wastewater by a facile and cost-effective system: Combined biological and advanced oxidation process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 789:148068. [PMID: 34323830 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Combined biological and physicochemical process was selected for treatment of laundry wastewater. The results show that after microbial adaptation, almost 91% of COD was removed at food to microorganism (F/M) ratio of 0.12 gBOD/gMLSS·d. Dehydrogenase activity of the biomass showed an increasing trend and finally reached 3.8 μgTFgbiomass.d corresponding to the highest process performance. 16SrRNA fragment and phylogenetic analysis identified Pseudomonas pharmacofabricae and Bacillus spp. as the dominant bacteria. The effluent of the biological process was then injected into the UV/O3 process for complete removal of residual COD and detergent. Finally, microfiltration and ultrafiltration were used to remove any remaining suspended solids. The operating cost analysis showed that 0.65 €/m3 treated wastewater is required for treatment of the laundry wastewater. Accordingly, the suggested combination of the biological and physicochemical process could be a promising and highly efficient process for treatment and reuse of laundry wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Zoroufchi Benis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ali Behnami
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Ehsan Aghayani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | | | - Mojtaba Pourakbar
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
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Peros CS, Dasgupta R, Kumar P, Johnson BA. Bushmeat, wet markets, and the risks of pandemics: Exploring the nexus through systematic review of scientific disclosures. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY 2021; 124:1-11. [PMID: 36536884 PMCID: PMC9751798 DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2021.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is the third coronavirus this century to threaten human health, killing more than two million people globally. Like previous coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 is suspected to have wildlife origins and was possibly transmitted to humans via wet markets selling bushmeat (aka harvested wild meat). Thus, an interdisciplinary framework is vital to address the nexus between bushmeat, wet markets, and disease. We reviewed the contemporary scientific literature to: (1) assess disease surveillance efforts within the bushmeat trade and wet markets globally by compiling zoonotic health risks based on primarily serological examinations; and (2) gauge perceptions of health risks associated with bushmeat and wet markets. Of the 58 species of bushmeat investigated across 15 countries in the 52 articles that we analyzed,one or more pathogens (totaling 60 genera of pathogens) were reported in 48 species, while no zoonotic pathogens were reported in 10 species based on serology. Burden of disease data was nearly absent from the articles resulting from our Scopus search, and therefore was not included in our analyses. We also found that perceived health risks associated with bushmeat was low, though we could not perform statistical analyses due to the lack of quantitative perception-based studies. After screening the literature, our results showed that the global distribution of reported bushmeat studies were biased towards Africa, revealing data deficiencies across Asia and South America despite the prevalence of the bushmeat trade across the Global South. Studies targeting implications of the bushmeat trade on human health can help address these data deficiencies across Asia and South America. We further illustrate the need to address the nexus between bushmeat, wet markets, and disease to help prevent future outbreaks of zoonotic diseases under the previously proposed "One Health Framework", which integrates human, animal, and environmental health. By tackling these three pillars, we discuss the current policy gaps and recommend suitable measures to prevent future disease outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Scott Peros
- Organization for Programs in Environmental Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan
- Nature Resources and Ecosystem Services, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES), Japan
| | - Rajarshi Dasgupta
- Nature Resources and Ecosystem Services, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES), Japan
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Nature Resources and Ecosystem Services, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES), Japan
| | - Brian Alan Johnson
- Nature Resources and Ecosystem Services, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES), Japan
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15
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Assessment of an Integrated and Sustainable Multistage System for the Treatment of Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11080582. [PMID: 34436346 PMCID: PMC8399709 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11080582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper assesses the performance of an integrated multistage laboratory-scale plant, for the treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW). The system was comprised of an eco-flush dosed bio-physico pre-treatment unit for fats, oil, and grease (FOG) hydrolysis prior to the PSW being fed to a down-flow expanded granular bed reactor (DEGBR), coupled to a membrane bioreactor (DEGBR-MBR). The system's configuration strategy was developed to achieve optimal PSW treatment by introducing the enzymatic pre-treatment unit for the lipid-rich influent (PSW) in order to treat FOG including odour causing constituents such as H2S known to sour anaerobic digestion (AD) such that the PSW pollutant load is alleviated prior to AD treatment. This was conducted to aid the reduction in clogging and sludge washout in the DEGBR-MBR systems and to achieve the optimum reactor and membrane system performance. A performance for the treatment of PSW after lipid reduction was conducted through a qualitative analysis by assessing the pre- and post-pre-treatment units' chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and FOG concentrations across all other units and, in particular, the membrane units. Furthermore, a similar set-up and operating conditions in a comparative study was also performed. The pre-treatment unit's biodelipidation abilities were characterised by a mean FOG removal of 80% and the TSS and COD removal reached 38 and 56%, respectively. The final acquired removal results on the DEGBR, at an OLR of ~18-45 g COD/L.d, was 87, 93, and 90% for COD, TSS, and FOG, respectively. The total removal efficiency across the pre-treatment-DEGBR-MBR units was 99% for COD, TSS, and FOG. Even at a high OLR, the pre-treatment-DEGBR-MBR train seemed a robust treatment strategy and achieved the effluent quality set requirements for effluent discharge in most countries.
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16
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Ortega-Martínez E, Chamy R, Jeison D. Thermal pre-treatment: Getting some insights on the formation of recalcitrant compounds and their effects on anaerobic digestion. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 282:111940. [PMID: 33445137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.111940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermal hydrolysis is a common pre-treatment, used before anaerobic digestion processes, to enhance the hydrolysis rate. However, formation of inhibitory compounds and the increase of liquid fraction colour have been identified as potential drawbacks. This study was oriented to study the methane production from simple substrates, subjected to thermal hydrolysis. A mixture of glycine and glucose at different concentrations was prepared, at a ratio similar to proteins and carbohydrates found in activated sludge. Two temperatures were tested. At 120 °C a decrease on biogas production rate was observed. On the other hand, at 165 °C generation of recalcitrant material was observed, causing a decrease in methane potential and COD degradation, when a mixture of glycine and glucose was used as substrate. This was atributed to the formation of recalcitrant compounds via Maillard reaction, hyphothesis supported by FTIR-ATR, which indicated the formation of amide II Bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ortega-Martínez
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil, 2085, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - R Chamy
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil, 2085, Valparaíso, Chile; Núcleo Biotecnología Curauma, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - D Jeison
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil, 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
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17
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Njoya M, Basitere M, Ntwampe SKO, Lim JW. Performance evaluation and kinetic modeling of down-flow high-rate anaerobic bioreactors for poultry slaughterhouse wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:9529-9541. [PMID: 33145736 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11397-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW) was evaluated using two new down-flow high-rate anaerobic bioreactor systems (HRABS), including the down-flow expanded granular bed reactor (DEGBR) and the static granular bed reactor (SGBR). These two bioreactors have demonstrated a good performance for the treatment of PSW with removal percentages of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), the chemical oxygen demand (COD), and fats, oil, and grease (FOG) exceeding 95% during peak performance days. This performance of down-flow HRABS appears as a breakthrough in the field of anaerobic treatment of medium to high-strength wastewater because down-flow anaerobic bioreactors have been neglected for the high-rate anaerobic treatment of such wastewater due to the success of up-flow anaerobic reactors such as the UASB and the EGSB as a result of the granulation of a consortium of anaerobic bacteria required for efficient anaerobic digestion and biogas production. Hence, to promote the recourse to such technologies and provide further explanation to their performance, this study approached the kinetic analysis of these two down-flow HRABS using the modified Stover-Kincannon and the Grau second-order multi-component substrate models. From a comparison between the two models investigated, the modified Stover-Kincannon model provided the best prediction for the concentration of the substrate in the effluent from the two HRABS. This analysis led to the determination of the kinetic parameters of the two models that can be used for the design of the two HRABS and the prediction of the performance of the SGBR and DEGBR. The kinetic parameters determined using the Modified Stover-Kincannon were Umax = 40.5 gCOD/L.day and KB = 47.3 gCOD/L.day for the DEGBR and Umax = 33.6 gCOD/L.day and KB = 44.9 gCOD/L.day for the SGBR; while, using the Grau second-order model, the kinetic models determined were a = 0.058 and b = 1.112 for the DEGBR and a = 0.135 and b = 1.33 for the SGBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahomet Njoya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O. Box 652, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa.
- Bioresource Engineering Research Group (BioERG), Department of Biotechnology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O. Box 652, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa.
| | - Moses Basitere
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O. Box 652, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
- Bioresource Engineering Research Group (BioERG), Department of Biotechnology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O. Box 652, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - Seteno Karabo Obeb Ntwampe
- School of Chemical and Minerals Engineering, North West University, Private BagX1290, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
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18
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Investigation of Some Metal Accumulation Ability of Phragmites australis from Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewaters. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-04825-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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19
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The Effect of Mixing Ratios on the Performance of an Integrated Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater Treatment Plant for a Recyclable High-Quality Effluent. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12156097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Poultry slaughterhouse wastewater is characterized by high pollution strength, making its treatment before discharge or recycling of great importance. This study investigated the potential influence of mixing ratios on the treatability of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater under three different mixing ratios; 20:80, 50:50, and 80:20 of defeathering and cooling sources, respectively. Wastewater samples were collected from the Izhevski production corporate (PC) poultry farm located in the Akmola region, Kazakhstan. The lab-scale treatment plant, designed to simulate the industrial-scale treatment plant of the poultry farm, consists of electrolysis, membrane filtration, and ultraviolet disinfection as the main units. The general design purpose of the Izhevski PC treatment plant is to treat about 1.25 m3/h (51.72%) of the total wastewater generated from the defeathering and cooling sections of the slaughterhouse to a recyclable degree. Water quality indices (WQIs) were developed for each of the studied mixing ratios. A comparative analysis was also done with drinking water quality standards set by the World Health Organization (WHO), as well as the government of Kazakhstan. From the analysis results, the defeathering raw wastewater was generally higher in pollution strength than the cooling wastewater. It was also observed that the increase in the ratio of defeathering wastewater reduced treatment efficiency for some physicochemical parameters such as turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), color, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), as well as chemical oxygen demand (COD). However, 100% removal efficiency was achieved for the microbial parameters for all the three studied ratios. Based on the computed WQIs, the highest-quality effluent was achieved from the 20:80 (defeathering:cooling) mixing ratio. However, with the fact that all the three mixing ratios produced “excellent” status, the 80:20 (defeathering:cooling) mixing ratio stands to be an ideal option. The selection of 80:20 mixing ratio has the potential to reduce the pollution load in the wastewater discharged to the sewerage system, while achieving high-quality effluent for recycling in the cooling processes of the slaughterhouse.
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20
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The Effect of Scale on the Performance of an Integrated Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater Treatment Process. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12114679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The efficiency of a wastewater treatment process may be affected by several factors including the scale at which the system is operating. This study aimed at investigating the influence of scale on a poultry slaughterhouse wastewater treatment process. The process is comprised of several units including electrolysis, membrane filtration, and ultraviolet irradiation. The results of the industrial-scale wastewater treatment plant of the Izevski poultry farm slaughterhouse in Kazakhstan were compared with those of a lab-scale wastewater treatment process under the same conditions. The traditional and water quality index (WQI) approaches were used to present the results and the drinking water quality standards of Kazakhstan were used as a reference. The industrial and lab-scale plants showed high purification efficiency for most of the studied water quality parameters. The comparative analysis based on the WQI showed that the industrial-scale wastewater treatment plant outperforms the lab-scale wastewater treatment process.
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21
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Mainardis M, Buttazzoni M, Goi D. Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Technology for Energy Recovery: A Review on State-of-the-Art and Recent Technological Advances. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E43. [PMID: 32397582 PMCID: PMC7355771 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor belongs to high-rate systems, able to perform anaerobic reaction at reduced hydraulic retention time, if compared to traditional digesters. In this review, the most recent advances in UASB reactor applications are critically summarized and discussed, with outline on the most critical aspects for further possible future developments. Beside traditional anaerobic treatment of soluble and biodegradable substrates, research is actually focusing on the treatment of refractory and slowly degradable matrices, thanks to an improved understanding of microbial community composition and reactor hydrodynamics, together with utilization of powerful modeling tools. Innovative approaches include the use of UASB reactor for nitrogen removal, as well as for hydrogen and volatile fatty acid production. Co-digestion of complementary substrates available in the same territory is being extensively studied to increase biogas yield and provide smooth continuous operations in a circular economy perspective. Particular importance is being given to decentralized treatment, able to provide electricity and heat to local users with possible integration with other renewable energies. Proper pre-treatment application increases biogas yield, while a successive post-treatment is needed to meet required effluent standards, also from a toxicological perspective. An increased full-scale application of UASB technology is desirable to achieve circular economy and sustainability scopes, with efficient biogas exploitation, fulfilling renewable energy targets and green-house gases emission reduction, in particular in tropical countries, where limited reactor heating is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matia Mainardis
- Department Polytechnic of Engineering and Architecture (DPIA), University of Udine, Via del Cotonificio 108, 33100 Udine, Italy; (M.B.); (D.G.)
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22
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Baker BR, Mohamed R, Al-Gheethi A, Aziz HA. Advanced technologies for poultry slaughterhouse wastewater treatment: A systematic review. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2020.1721007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bakar Radhi Baker
- Micro-Pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia
- Department of Structures and Water Resources, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq
| | - Radin Mohamed
- Micro-Pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia
| | - Adel Al-Gheethi
- Micro-Pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Malaysia
| | - Hamidi Abdul Aziz
- School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
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23
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Burman I, Sinha A. Performance evaluation and substrate removal kinetics in an up-flow anaerobic hybrid membrane bioreactor treating simulated high-strength wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:309-321. [PMID: 29978757 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1498132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The prime objective of the present study is to evaluate the performance of novel up-flow anaerobic hybrid membrane bioreactor (An-HMBR) treating high-strength wastewater (synthetic) using polyurethane foam as filter media. Treatment efficiency of the entire An-HMBR varied from 88-97% corresponding to 0.67-3.90 d of hydraulic retention time (HRT) with organic loading rate of 6.4-1.06 kg COD m-3 d-1. The modified Stover-Kincannon model was the most appropriate model for An-HMBR and anaerobic hybrid bioreactor (excluding membrane). The suspended growth system in An-HMBR could be described by both modified Stover-Kincannon and Grau second order model. The attached growth system in An-HMBR followed conventional Monod's kinetics. A novel combination of suspended, attached and membrane in single reactor increased the solid retention time to as high as 756 d at 3.9 d HRT which not only improved the COD removal efficiency but also enhanced the performance of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Burman
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India
| | - Alok Sinha
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India
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24
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Besharati Fard M, Mirbagheri SA, Pendashteh A, Alavi J. Biological treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater: kinetic modeling and prediction of effluent. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2019; 17:731-741. [PMID: 32030147 PMCID: PMC6985381 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-019-00389-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study three modeling approaches consisting Modified Stover-Kincannon, multilayer perceptron neural network (MLPANN) and B-Spline quasi interpolation were applied in order to predict effluent of up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor and also to find the reaction kinetics. At first run, the average total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) removal efficiency was 48.3% with hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 26 h and 63.8% with HRT of 37 h, at OLR of 0.77-1.66 kg TCOD/m3 d. At the second run, UASB reactor operated with OLR of 1.94-3.1 kg TCOD/m3 d and achieved the average TCOD removal efficiency of 64.74 and 72.48% with HRT of 26 and 37 h, respectively. The Modified Stover-Kincannon performed well in terms of kinetic determination with a high value of regression coefficient over 0.98. The B-Spline quasi interpolation and MLPANN indicated a great fit for effluent prediction with average R of 0.9984 and 0.9986, and MSE of 157.6050 and 129.7796, respectively; however, they gave no information about reactions occurred in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Besharati Fard
- Department of Civil Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Javad Alavi
- Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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25
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Aziz A, Basheer F, Sengar A, Khan SU, Farooqi IH. Biological wastewater treatment (anaerobic-aerobic) technologies for safe discharge of treated slaughterhouse and meat processing wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 686:681-708. [PMID: 31195278 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Slaughterhouse industry generates considerable amount of wastewater rich in proteins, lipids, fibres, and carbohydrates. Numerous technologies such as electrocoagulation, membrane separation, advanced oxidation, physico-chemical processes, and biological treatment have been implemented for reducing the concentrations of these compounds. Nevertheless, this review aims to provide extensive information solely on the biological treatment (anaerobic and aerobic) of slaughterhouse wastewater. The advantages of anaerobic treatment are excellent organic matter removal, less sludge production, low energy requirement, execution of higher loading rates, and considerable production of biogas. Aerobic treatment on the other hand is a less sensitive process, possess lower start-up period, and efficient nutrient removal process. Numerous case studies are described to bestow maximum understanding of the wastewater characteristics, kind of treatment employed, and complications involved in managing and treating of slaughterhouse effluent. Additionally, role of microbial community involved in the treatment of slaughterhouse waste is also discussed. Sequential anaerobic and aerobic reactors are also reviewed in order to present their advantages over single bioreactors. Intermittent sequencing batch reactor is a promising technology than other high rate digesters in the removal of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad Aziz
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Farrukh Basheer
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Ashish Sengar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Saif Ullah Khan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Izharul Haq Farooqi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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26
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Performance Comparison of Conventional and Modified Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Reactors Treating High-Strength Cattle Slaughterhouse Wastewater. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11040806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cattle slaughterhouse wastewater (CSWW) with an average chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand of 32,000 mg/L and 17,000 mg/L, respectively, can cause a severe environmental hazard if discharged untreated. Conventional upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor is used in the treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater to meet the discharge standard limit of wastewater discharge set by the Department of Environment Malaysia (DOE). However, at higher loading rates the conventional systems are characterized by slow-growing microorganism resulting in long startup period, surface scum formation, and sludge washout. In this work, the performance of two laboratory scale (12 L) conventional (R1) and modified (R2) UASB reactors treating CSWW at mesophilic (36 ± 1 °C) condition were investigated. Both reactors were subjected to increasing organic loading rate (OLR) from 1.75 to 32 g L−1 day−1. The average COD, BOD5, and TSS removal efficiencies were ˃90%, at an OLR between 1.75 to 5 g L−1 day−1. The study revealed that R1 drastically reduced to 50, 53, and 43% with increasing OLR until 16 g L−1 day−1, whereas R2 maintained 76, 77, and 88% respectively, under the same OLR. Sign of reactor instability was very much pronounced in R1, showing poorly active Methanosaeta spp., whereas R2 showed a predominantly active Methanosarcina spp.
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Chaiwong C, Koottatep T, Surinkul N, Polprasert C. Performance and kinetics of algal-bacterial photobioreactor (AB-PBR) treating septic tank effluent. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 78:2355-2363. [PMID: 30699087 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Septic tank effluent contains high organic and nutrient contents. This study aimed to evaluate treatment performance of an algal-bacterial photobioreactor (AB-PBR) treating the septic tank effluent. The experimental unit employed a transparent plastic medium made from recycled drinking water bottles for attached-growth biofilm. Red LED lamp (light intensity ∼100 μmol/m2/s) was applied as an energy source for the growth of algal-bacterial biofilm in the AB-PBR. The experimental results showed that AB-PBR operated at the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3 days gave the highest chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiencies of 64, 45 and 35%, respectively, by which the effluent COD concentrations could meet the effluent standards of Thailand, but the effluent TN and TP concentrations needed to be further removed. The Stover-Kincannon model was applied to determine the kinetic values of COD and TN removals with R2 values greater than 0.8. Microbiological examinations indicated Chlorella sp. is the predominant algal species growing in the AB-PBR, while the amplicon sequencing information analytical results revealed the bacterial phylum of Proteobacteria to be the predominant bacterial group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chawalit Chaiwong
- Environmental Engineering and Management, School of Environments Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani, Thailand E-mail:
| | - Thammarat Koottatep
- Environmental Engineering and Management, School of Environments Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani, Thailand E-mail:
| | - Nawatch Surinkul
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand
| | - Chongrak Polprasert
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
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28
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Franchi O, Bovio P, Ortega-Martínez E, Rosenkranz F, Chamy R. Active and total microbial community dynamics and the role of functional genes bamA and mcrA during anaerobic digestion of phenol and p-cresol. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 264:290-297. [PMID: 29852419 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to investigate the dynamics of microbial community at DNA and RNA level and the role of bamA and mcrA gene during anaerobic digestion of phenol and p-cresol. Anaerobic digestion was conducted in batch reactors and microbial community dynamics was analysed. Results showed that active microbial community was quite dissimilar in comparison to the total microbial community. Syntrophorhabdus and Bacillus were the dominant active bacterial genera whereas Methanosaeta together with Methanobacterium showed the highest potential activity in the Archaea domain indicating a relevant role of these microorganisms in the anaerobic process. Ecological Networks revealed dissimilar interactions at DNA and RNA level, being the latter a better descriptor of the known roles of dominant OTUs. QRT-PCR results showed that expression of bamA gene correlated positively with instantaneous degradation rate proving for first time its functionality and its relationship with the kinetics of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Franchi
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Patricia Bovio
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana, Departamento de Bioquímica y Genómica Microbiana, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Avenida Italia 3318, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Ortega-Martínez
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Francisca Rosenkranz
- Núcleo Biotecnología Curauma, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Rolando Chamy
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, Chile; Núcleo Biotecnología Curauma, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso, Chile
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29
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Davarnejad R, Mohajerani SA. Edible Plant Oil Wastewater Treatment Using Electro-Fenton Technique: Experiment and Correlation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2018-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The edible plant oil production factories consume high amounts of water and contaminate the water resources. This type of wastewater consists of high chemical oxygen demand (COD) which should properly be treated by an efficient technique. Furthermore, it is containing some chemicals obtained from several sources such as H3PO4 (from hydration section), NaOH (from neutralization section) and citric acid (from nickel removal section). The conventional techniques cannot efficiently treat it which is full of COD. Therefore, the electro-Fenton process as a rapid, compact and efficient one has been encouraged to be applied. For this purpose, 47 experiments were designed and carried out using iron electrodes to evaluate the effects of five significant independent variables such as reaction time (min), pH, current density (mA/cm2), volume ratio of H2O2/wastewater (ml/l) and H2O2/Fe2+ molar ratio on the COD removal. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to assess individual and interactive effects of the parameters. The optimum conditions were experimentally obtained at reaction time of 87.33 min, pH of 3.03, current density of 57 mA/cm2, H2O2/wastewater volume ratio of 2.13 ml/l and H2O2/Fe2+ molar ratio of 3.61 for COD removal of 62.94 %.
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Madureira J, Melo R, Pimenta AI, Verde SC, Borrely SI. Evaluation of e-beam irradiation effects on the toxicity of slaughterhouse wastewaters. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:873-877. [PMID: 28357925 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1313887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Slaughterhouse industry produces large volumes of polluted wastewater, which cause negative impacts on the environment. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of electron-beam irradiation on the ecotoxicity of slaughterhouse effluents with absorbed doses up to 35 kGy. Two acute toxicity assays were applied to evaluate the efficiency of irradiation onto toxicity of wastewater. The exposed living-organisms were a luminescent bacteria Vibrio fischeri, and a freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia similis. Also, the total organic carbon was analysed in order to determine any possible organic carbon removal after irradiation. The ecotoxicological results evidenced that both living-organisms were suitable for the measurements. Therefore, the results demonstrated the toxicity of the effluent and its similarity for both organisms as well as the potential of radiation to reduce these effects. The 35 kGy dose was very effective for reducing toxic effects of slaughterhouse wastewater for daphnids suggesting that ionizing radiation could be used as a tool for removing toxic charge of such effluents. The type of contamination presented by the effluent justify the needs for alternatives of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Madureira
- a Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico , Universidade de Lisboa , Loures , Portugal
| | - Rita Melo
- a Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico , Universidade de Lisboa , Loures , Portugal
| | - Andreia I Pimenta
- a Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico , Universidade de Lisboa , Loures , Portugal
| | - Sandra Cabo Verde
- a Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico , Universidade de Lisboa , Loures , Portugal
| | - Sueli I Borrely
- b Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN-CNEN/SP , Radiation Technology Center, CTR , São Paulo , Brazil
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31
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Abyar H, Younesi H, Bahramifar N, Zinatizadeh AA, Amini M. Kinetic evaluation and process analysis of COD and nitrogen removal in UAASB bioreactor. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Basitere M, Rinquest Z, Njoya M, Sheldon MS, Ntwampe SKO. Treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater using a static granular bed reactor (SGBR) coupled with ultrafiltration (UF) membrane system. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 76:106-114. [PMID: 28708615 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The South African poultry industry has grown exponentially in recent years due to an increased demand for their products. As a result, poultry plants consume large volumes of high quality water to ensure that hygienically safe poultry products are produced. Furthermore, poultry industries generate high strength wastewater, which can be treated successfully at low cost using anaerobic digesters. In this study, the performance of a bench-scale mesophilic static granular bed reactor (SGBR) containing fully anaerobic granules coupled with an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane system, as a post-treatment system, was investigated. The poultry slaughterhouse wastewater was characterized by a chemical oxygen demand (COD) range between 1,223 and 9,695mg/L, average biological oxygen demand of 2,375mg/L and average fats, oil and grease (FOG) of 554mg/L. The SGBR anaerobic reactor was operated for 9 weeks at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs), i.e. 55 and 40 h, with an average organic loading rate (OLR) of 1.01 and 3.14g COD/L.day. The SGBR results showed an average COD, total suspended solids (TSS) and FOG removal of 93%, 95% and 90% respectively, for both OLR. The UF post-treatment results showed an average of COD, TSS and FOG removal of 64%, 88% and 48%, respectively. The overall COD, TSS and FOG removal of the system (SGBR and UF membrane) was 98%, 99.8%, and 92.4%, respectively. The results of the combined SGBR reactor coupled with the UF membrane showed a potential to ensure environmentally friendly treatment of poultry slaughterhouse wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Basitere
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O. Box 652, Cape Town 8000, South Africa E-mail:
| | - Z Rinquest
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O. Box 652, Cape Town 8000, South Africa E-mail:
| | - M Njoya
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O. Box 652, Cape Town 8000, South Africa E-mail:
| | - M S Sheldon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O. Box 652, Cape Town 8000, South Africa E-mail:
| | - S K O Ntwampe
- Bioresource Engineering Research Group (BioERG), Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
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Davarnejad R, Nasiri S. Slaughterhouse wastewater treatment using an advanced oxidation process: Optimization study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 223:1-10. [PMID: 28129953 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW) was treated in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color reduction using electro-Fenton (EF) technique under response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of five significant independent variables such as reaction time, pH, H2O2/Fe2+ molar ratio, current density, volume ratio of H2O2/PSW (ml/l) were investigated on the COD and color removal. Experimental data were optimized by Box-Behnken design (BBD) and RSM. The optimum conditions were experimentally found at pH of 4.38, reaction time of 55.60 min, H2O2/Fe2+ molar ratio of 3.73, current density of 74.07 mA/cm2, volume ratio of H2O2/PSW of 1.63 ml/l for 92.37%COD removal and at pH of 3.39, reaction time of 49.22 min, H2O2/Fe2+ molar ratio of 3.62, current density of 67.90 mA/cm2, volume ratio of H2O2/PSW of 1.44 ml/l for 88.06% color removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Davarnejad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran.
| | - Samaneh Nasiri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
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Zhou X, Zhang Z, Li Y. Four-stage biofilm anaerobic–anoxic–oxic–oxic system for strengthening the biological treatment of coking wastewater: COD removal behaviors and biokinetic modeling. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra00277g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biokinetic models of high-strength coking wastewater with a high chemical oxygen demand (COD) was efficiently treated by a novel pilot-scale four-stage biofilm anaerobic–anoxic–oxic–oxic (FB-A2/O2) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment
| | - Zeqian Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- P. R. China
| | - Yaxin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- P. R. China
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35
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Faridnasr M, Ghanbari B, Sassani A. Optimization of the moving-bed biofilm sequencing batch reactor (MBSBR) to control aeration time by kinetic computational modeling: Simulated sugar-industry wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 208:149-160. [PMID: 26943932 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach was applied for optimization of a moving-bed biofilm sequencing batch reactor (MBSBR) to treat sugar-industry wastewater (BOD5=500-2500 and COD=750-3750 mg/L) at 2-4 h of cycle time (CT). Although the experimental data showed that MBSBR reached high BOD5 and COD removal performances, it failed to achieve the standard limits at the mentioned CTs. Thus, optimization of the reactor was rendered by kinetic computational modeling and using statistical error indicator normalized root mean square error (NRMSE). The results of NRMSE revealed that Stover-Kincannon (error=6.40%) and Grau (error=6.15%) models provide better fits to the experimental data and may be used for CT optimization in the reactor. The models predicted required CTs of 4.5, 6.5, 7 and 7.5 h for effluent standardization of 500, 1000, 1500 and 2500 mg/L influent BOD5 concentrations, respectively. Similar pattern of the experimental data also confirmed these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Faridnasr
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of the Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bastam Ghanbari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Graduate School of Public Health, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Water Purification Research Center (WPRC), Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ardavan Sassani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Graduate School of Public Health, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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36
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Bustillo-Lecompte C, Mehrvar M, Quiñones-Bolaños E. Slaughterhouse Wastewater Characterization and Treatment: An Economic and Public Health Necessity of the Meat Processing Industry in Ontario, Canada. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/gep.2016.44021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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37
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38
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Modeling microbial growth and dynamics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:8831-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6877-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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39
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Karadag D, Koroglu OE, Ozkaya B, Cakmakci M, Heaven S, Banks C, Serna-Maza A. Anaerobic granular reactors for the treatment of dairy wastewater: A review. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dogan Karadag
- Department of Environmental Engineering; Faculty of Civil Engineering; Yildiz Technical University; Istanbul Turkey
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment; University of Southampton; Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Oguz Emre Koroglu
- Department of Environmental Engineering; Faculty of Civil Engineering; Yildiz Technical University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Bestami Ozkaya
- Department of Environmental Engineering; Faculty of Civil Engineering; Yildiz Technical University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Mehmet Cakmakci
- Department of Environmental Engineering; Faculty of Civil Engineering; Yildiz Technical University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Sonia Heaven
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment; University of Southampton; Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Charles Banks
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment; University of Southampton; Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Alba Serna-Maza
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment; University of Southampton; Southampton, SO17 1BJ UK
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40
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Sharma MK, Kazmi AA. Substrate removal kinetics of domestic wastewater treatment in a two-stage anaerobic system. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2015.1061007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Biofilm development on normal and modified surface in a hybrid SBR-based bioreactor. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2014.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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42
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Nasr M, Tawfik A, Ookawara S, Suzuki M, Kumari S, Bux F. Continuous biohydrogen production from starch wastewater via sequential dark-photo fermentation with emphasize on maghemite nanoparticles. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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43
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Oh JH, Park J, Ellis TG. Performance of on-site pilot static granular bed reactor (SGBR) for treating dairy processing wastewater and chemical oxygen demand balance modeling under different operational conditions. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2014; 38:353-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-014-1275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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Gao J, Chys M, Audenaert W, He Y, Van Hulle SWH. Performance and kinetic process analysis of an Anammox reactor in view of application for landfill leachate treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2014; 35:1226-1233. [PMID: 24701919 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2013.865084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Anammox has shown its promise and low cost for removing nitrogen from high strength wastewater such as landfill leachate. A reactor was inoculated with nitrification-denitrification sludge originating from a landfill leachate treating waste water treatment plant. During the operation, the sludge gradually converted into red Anammox granular sludge with high and stable Anammox activity. At a maximal nitrogen loading rate of 0.6 g N l(-1) d(-1), the reactor presented ammonium and nitrite removal efficiencies of above 90%. In addition, a modified Stover-Kincannon model was applied to simulate and assess the performance of the Anammox reactor. The Stover-Kincannon model was appropriate for the description of the nitrogen removal in the reactor with the high regression coefficient values (R2 = 0.946) and low Theil's inequality coefficient (TIC) values (TIC < 0.3). The model results showed that the maximal N loading rate of the reactor should be 3.69 g N l(-1) d(-).
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45
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Bustillo-Lecompte CF, Mehrvar M, Quiñones-Bolaños E. Cost-effectiveness analysis of TOC removal from slaughterhouse wastewater using combined anaerobic-aerobic and UV/H2O2 processes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2014; 134:145-152. [PMID: 24486468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the operating costs of treating slaughterhouse wastewater (SWW) using combined biological and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). This study compares the performance and the treatment capability of an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR), an aerated completely mixed activated sludge reactor (AS), and a UV/H2O2 process, as well as their combination for the removal of the total organic carbon (TOC). Overall efficiencies are found to be up to 75.22, 89.47, 94.53, 96.10, 96.36, and 99.98% for the UV/H2O2, ABR, AS, combined AS-ABR, combined ABR-AS, and combined ABR-AS-UV/H2O2 processes, respectively. Due to the consumption of electrical energy and reagents, operating costs are calculated at optimal conditions of each process. A cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is performed at optimal conditions for the SWW treatment by optimizing the total electricity cost, H2O2 consumption, and hydraulic retention time (HRT). The combined ABR-AS-UV/H2O2 processes have an optimal TOC removal of 92.46% at an HRT of 41 h, a cost of $1.25/kg of TOC removed, and $11.60/m(3) of treated SWW. This process reaches a maximum TOC removal of 99% in 76.5 h with an estimated cost of $2.19/kg TOC removal and $21.65/m(3) treated SWW, equivalent to $6.79/m(3) day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Fernando Bustillo-Lecompte
- Graduate Program in Environmental Applied Science and Management, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Mehrab Mehrvar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Edgar Quiñones-Bolaños
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Cartagena, Centro - Cr6 No 36-100, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
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46
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Enitan AM, Kumari S, Swalaha FM, Adeyemo J, Ramdhani N, Bux F. Kinetic modelling and characterization of microbial community present in a full-scale UASB reactor treating brewery effluent. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2014; 67:358-368. [PMID: 24337806 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-013-0333-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The performance of a full-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating brewery wastewater was investigated by microbial analysis and kinetic modelling. The microbial community present in the granular sludge was detected using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and further confirmed using polymerase chain reaction. A group of 16S rRNA based fluorescent probes and primers targeting Archaea and Eubacteria were selected for microbial analysis. FISH results indicated the presence and dominance of a significant amount of Eubacteria and diverse group of methanogenic Archaea belonging to the order Methanococcales, Methanobacteriales, and Methanomicrobiales within in the UASB reactor. The influent brewery wastewater had a relatively high amount of volatile fatty acids chemical oxygen demand (COD), 2005 mg/l and the final COD concentration of the reactor was 457 mg/l. The biogas analysis showed 60-69% of methane, confirming the presence and activities of methanogens within the reactor. Biokinetics of the degradable organic substrate present in the brewery wastewater was further explored using Stover and Kincannon kinetic model, with the aim of predicting the final effluent quality. The maximum utilization rate constant U max and the saturation constant (K(B)) in the model were estimated as 18.51 and 13.64 g/l/day, respectively. The model showed an excellent fit between the predicted and the observed effluent COD concentrations. Applicability of this model to predict the effluent quality of the UASB reactor treating brewery wastewater was evident from the regression analysis (R(2) = 0.957) which could be used for optimizing the reactor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abimbola M Enitan
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa,
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47
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Hassani AH, Borghei SM, Samadyar H, Ghanbari B. Utilization of moving bed biofilm reactor for industrial wastewater treatment containing ethylene glycol: kinetic and performance study. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2014; 35:499-507. [PMID: 24600890 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2013.834947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
One of the requirements for environmental engineering, which is currently being considered, is the removal of ethylene glycol (EG) as a hazardous environmental pollutant from industrial wastewater. Therefore, in a recent study, a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was applied at pilot scale to treat industrial effluents containing different concentrations of EG (600, 800, 1200, and 1800 mg L-1 ). The removal efficiency and kinetic analysis of the system were examined at different hydraulic retention times of 6, 8, 10, and 12 h as well as influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) ranged between values of 1000 and 3000mg L-1. In minimum and maximum COD Loadings, the MBBR showed 95.1% and 60.7% removal efficiencies, while 95.9% and 66.2% EG removal efficiencies were achieved in the lowest and highest EG concentrations. The results of the reactor modelling suggested compliance of the well-known modified Stover-Kincannon model with the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hessam Hassani
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of the Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Borghei
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate Faculty of the Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Samadyar
- Department of Environment, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
| | - Bastam Ghanbari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Graduate School of Public Health, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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48
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Martinez SL, Torretta V, Minguelac JV, Siñeriz F, Raboni M, Copelli S, Rada EC, Ragazzi M. Treatment of slaughterhouse wastewaters using anaerobic filters. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2014; 35:322-332. [PMID: 24600871 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2013.827729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a laboratory-scale experimentation allowed comparing the performances of two upflow anaerobic packed-bed filters filled with different packing materials and operating at mesophilic conditions (30 degreeC) for treating slaughterhouse wastewaters. Methane production was experimentally evaluated considering different volumetric organic loading rates as well as feeding overloading conditions. Although filter performances declined with loading rates higher than 6 kg CODin m-3 d-1 , the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency remained always above 60%. The experimental results allowed for determining kinetic parameters for bacterial growth rate and methane production, following Monod and Chen-Hashimoto models, respectively. Results demonstrated that the reactors reached a cellular retention time significantly greater than the hydraulic retention time. The kinetic parameter values (Ks, l/max) revealed the low microorganisms' affinity for the substrate and confirmed the moderate biodegradability of slaughterhouse wastewater. The kinetic analysis also allowed the comparison of the filters performances with another anaerobic system and the assessment of the parameters useful for real-scale plant design. The system design, applied to a medium-sized Argentinean slaughterhouse, demonstrated to (i) be energetically self-sufficient and (ii) contribute to the plant's water heating requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Luz Martinez
- National University of Santiago del Estero, Av. Belgrano 1912, Santiago del Estero 4200, Argentina
| | - Vincenzo Torretta
- Department of Science and High Technology, Insubria University of Varese, Via G.B. Vico, 46, Varese 1-21100, Italy
| | - Jésus Vázquez Minguelac
- Department of Rural Engineering, Politechnic of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Faustino Siñeriz
- National Council of Technical and Scientific Research (PROIMI-CONICET), Av.Belgrano y pje. Caseros, San Miguel deTucumcn 4000, Argentina
| | - Massimo Raboni
- Department of Science and High Technology, Insubria University of Varese, Via G.B. Vico, 46, Varese 1-21100, Italy
| | - Sabrina Copelli
- Department of Science and High Technology, Insubria University of Varese, Via G.B. Vico, 46, Varese 1-21100, Italy
| | - Elena Cristina Rada
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, Trento 1-38123, Italy
| | - Marco Ragazzi
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, Trento 1-38123, Italy
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49
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Narra M, Balasubramanian V, Mehta H, Dixit G, Madamwar D, Shah AR. Performance evaluation of anaerobic hybrid reactors with different packing media for treating wastewater of mild alkali treated rice straw in ethanol fermentation process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 152:59-65. [PMID: 24291309 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Four anaerobic hybrid reactors with different packing media viz. gravel (R1), pumice stone (R2), polypropylene saddles (R3) and ceramic saddles (R4) were operated in semi-continuous mode. Biomethanation potential of the wastewater generated during alkali-treatment of rice straw in ethanol production process was investigated at ambient conditions. The reactors were operated with varying organic loading rates (0.861-4.313 g COD l(-1) d(-1)) and hydraulic retention time (3-15 days). Higher COD removal efficiency (69.2%) and methane yield (0.153 l CH4 g(-1) CODadded) were achieved in reactor R2 at 15 days HRT. Modified Stover-Kincannon model was applied to estimate the bio-kinetic coefficients and fitness of the model was checked by the regression coefficient for all the reactors. The model showed an excellent correlation between the experimental and predicted values. The present study demonstrated the treatment of wastewater from alkali treated rice straw for production of biogas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Narra
- Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, P. Box No. 2, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388 120 Gujarat, India.
| | - Velmurugan Balasubramanian
- Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, P. Box No. 2, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388 120 Gujarat, India
| | - Himali Mehta
- Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, P. Box No. 2, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388 120 Gujarat, India
| | - Garima Dixit
- Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, P. Box No. 2, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388 120 Gujarat, India
| | - Datta Madamwar
- BRD School of Biosciences, Sardar Patel Maidan, Satellite Campus, Sardar Patel University, P. Box No. 39, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388 120 Gujarat, India
| | - Amita R Shah
- BRD School of Biosciences, Sardar Patel Maidan, Satellite Campus, Sardar Patel University, P. Box No. 39, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388 120 Gujarat, India.
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Basílico G, de Cabo L, Faggi A. Impacts of composite wastewater on a Pampean stream (Argentina) and phytoremediation alternative with Spirodela intermedia Koch (Lemnaceae) growing in batch reactors. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2013; 115:53-59. [PMID: 23246765 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Poultry slaughterhouses are producing increasing amounts of solid organic by-products and waste in Argentina. The objectives of this study are to assess the impacts of wastewater, mainly composed of poultry slaughterhouse effluent, on a Pampean stream and to evaluate the convenience of phytoremediation alternative with Spirodela intermedia. Impacts over La Choza stream (Buenos Aires, Argentina) were evaluated by means of physical and chemical characterization of the water upstream and downstream input. Nutrients and total suspended solids increased downstream of the open channel outlet. A bioassay was performed in order to evaluate the role of S. intermedia in wastewater treatment. Two treatments were performed in batch reactors during 144 h (6 days), with (treatment A) and without (treatment B) the addition of S. intermedia. Water samples were taken at 8, 24, 48, 96 and 144 h after the start of the assay for the determination of ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, soluble reactive phosphorus and total phosphorus. Since removal rates of ammonium and total phosphorus were significantly higher in treatment A than in treatment B and the nitrification process was highly increased in treatment A, then the species could be used for the phytoremediation of composite wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Basílico
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470 (C1405DJR), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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