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Awasthi MK, Amobonye A, Bhagwat P, Ashokkumar V, Gowd SC, Dregulo AM, Rajendran K, Flora G, Kumar V, Pillai S, Zhang Z, Sindhu R, Taherzadeh MJ. Biochemical engineering for elemental sulfur from flue gases through multi-enzymatic based approaches - A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169857. [PMID: 38190912 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Flue gases are the gases which are produced from industries related to chemical manufacturing, petrol refineries, power plants and ore processing plants. Along with other pollutants, sulfur present in the flue gas is detrimental to the environment. Therefore, environmentalists are concerned about its removal and recovery of resources from flue gases due to its activation ability in the atmosphere to transform into toxic substances. This review is aimed at a critical assessment of the techniques developed for resource recovery from flue gases. The manuscript discusses various bioreactors used in resource recovery such as hollow fibre membrane reactor, rotating biological contractor, sequential batch reactor, fluidized bed reactor, entrapped cell bioreactor and hybrid reactors. In conclusion, this manuscript provides a comprehensive analysis of the potential of thermotolerant and thermophilic microbes in sulfur removal. Additionally, it evaluates the efficacy of a multi-enzyme engineered bioreactor in this process. Furthermore, the study introduces a groundbreaking sustainable model for elemental sulfur recovery, offering promising prospects for environmentally-friendly and economically viable sulfur removal techniques in various industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, PR China.
| | - Ayodeji Amobonye
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Prashant Bhagwat
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Veeramuthu Ashokkumar
- Center for Waste Management and Renewable Energy, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Sarath C Gowd
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Andrei Mikhailovich Dregulo
- National Research University "Higher School of Economics", 17 Promyshlennaya str, 198095, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Karthik Rajendran
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - G Flora
- Department of Botany, St. Mary's College (Autonomous), Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Bioconversion and Tissue Engineering (BITE) Laboratory, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Thandalam-602105, India
| | - Santhosh Pillai
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, PR China
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam 691 505, Kerala, India
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Vitko TG, Cowden S, Suffet IHM. Evaluation of bioscrubber and biofilter technologies treating wastewater foul air by a new approach of using odor character, odor intensity, and chemical analyses. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 220:118691. [PMID: 35691191 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of raw foul air that could escape to the atmosphere from the head space of the incoming wastewater into a Southern California Water Resource Recovery Facility was evaluated by using a 1/20th scale pilot unit consisting of five different biological media technologies, operating side by side, under different operating conditions. The removal of six different odor characters from eight chemical odorants present in the foul air were assessed. These were rotten egg (Hydrogen Sulfide), rotten vegetables (Methyl Mercaptan), canned corn (Dimethyl Sulfide), rotten garlic (Dimethyl Disulfide), earthy/musty (2-Methyl Isoborneol and 2-Isopropyl 3-Methyl Pyrazine) and fecal (Skatole and Indole). This is the first time a study evaluates specific odors by simultaneously employing sensory analyses using the Odor Profile Method, which defines the different odor characters and intensities, together with chemical analyses of the compounds causing these odors, known as odorants. The paper discusses the efficiencies in removing odor characters as well as odorants by two different bioscrubbers (reticulated polyurethane cube foam and polypropylene mesh with layered polyester foam) and three different biofilters (engineered media, seashells, and lava rock). The results show that the two bioscrubbers, even with greater empty bed gas retention times, did not provide significant improvement in odor intensity and odorant removal. However, the biofilters showed that larger empty bed gas retention times provided significant improvements in diminishing the odor intensities and better odorant removal. The biofilter with lava rock media at 45 s empty bed gas retention time provided the best treatment among the technologies tested, achieving the following odorant reductions: 99.8% for hydrogen sulfide, 98.4% for methyl mercaptan, 57.0% for dimethyl sulfide, and 52.7 for dimethyl disulfide. This biofilter also achieved the following odor intensity reductions: 47% for rotten vegetable odors, 50% for earthy/musty odors, and 100% for fecal odors. The odor panel detected odors by the Odor Profile Method that were below the detection limit of the corresponding chemical analytical method for specific chemical compounds causing these odors. Differences were observed between the performances of bioscrubbers and biofilters, based on odorant removal compared to those based on sensorial analyses, indicating that both analyses are required to understand more fully the odor dynamics. Furthermore, a total odor removal of 99.2% was observed by the dilution to threshold olfactometer method even though nearly half of the rotten vegetable and earthy/musty odors remained based upon the Odor Profile Method. This shows the olfactometer method did not correctly define the degree of odor nuisance in the foul air in this study. Bioscrubbers have in general a better economic return when used at low EBGRTs and as preliminary (first stage) treatment systems. Biofilters are more effective when used at high EBGRTs and can be used as stand-alone or polishing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeo G Vitko
- Engineer (Retired) at Orange County Sanitation District, 26362 Via Conchita, Mission Viejo, California 92691, United States.
| | - Scott Cowden
- Jacobs Engineering, 1100 NE Circle Blvd, Suite 300, Corvallis OR 97330, United States
| | - Irwin H Mel Suffet
- UCLA, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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Modelling of Biotrickling Filters for Treatment of NOx Analytical Expressions for the NOx Concentration in Both Gas and Biofilm Phases. ELECTROCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/electrochem3030025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A mathematical model of an ideal biotrickling filter (BF) system that inoculates a recently identified strain of Chelatococcus daeguensis TAD1 and brings about efficient nitrogen oxide treatment is discussed. The proposed model is based on nonlinear mass transport equations at the gas–biofilm interface. Using Akbari–Ganji’s technique, approximate analytical expressions for the nitric oxide concentration in the gaseous and biofilm phases were developed for all feasible system parameters. In addition, to investigate the dynamic behaviour of the system, a numerical analysis of the problem is provided using MATLAB tools. To demonstrate this new approach, graphical data are provided and quantitatively discussed. This theoretical result has good agreement with the numerical simulation (MATLAB) results for the experimental values of parameters.
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Jia T, Sun S, Zhao Q, Peng Y, Zhang L. Extremely acidic condition (pH<1.0) as a novel strategy to achieve high-efficient hydrogen sulfide removal in biotrickling filter: Biomass accumulation, sulfur oxidation pathway and microbial analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133770. [PMID: 35101433 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extremely acidic conditions (pH < 1.0) during hydrogen sulfide (H2S) biotreatment significantly reduce the cost of pH regulation; however, there remain challenges to its applications. The present study investigated the H2S removal and biomass variations in biotrickling filter (BTF) under long-term highly acidic conditions. A BTF operated for 144 days at pH 0.5-1.0 achieved an H2S elimination capacity (EC) of 109.9 g/(m3·h) (removal efficiency = 97.0%) at an empty bed retention time of 20 s, with an average biomass concentration at 20.6 g/L-BTF. The biomass concentration at neutral pH increased from 22.3 to 49.5 g/L-BTF within 28 days. In this case, elemental sulfur (S0) accumulated due to insufficient oxygen transfer in biofilm, which aggravated the BTF blockage problem. After long-term domestication under extremely acidic conditions, a mixotrophic acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) Alicyclobacillus (abundance 55.4%) were enriched in the extremely acidic biofilm, while non-aciduric bacteria were eliminated, which maintained the balance of biofilm thickness. Biofilm with optimum thickness ensured oxygen transfer and H2S oxidation, avoiding the accumulation of S0. The BTF performance improved due to the enrichment of active mixotrophic SOB with high abundance under extremely acidic conditions. The mixotrophic SOB is expected to be further enriched under extremely acidic conditions by adding carbohydrates to enhance H2S removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipei Jia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Shihao Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Qi Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
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Bu H, Carvalho G, Huang C, Sharma KR, Yuan Z, Song Y, Bond P, Keller J, Yu M, Jiang G. Evaluation of continuous and intermittent trickling strategies for the removal of hydrogen sulfide in a biotrickling filter. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132723. [PMID: 34736744 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biotrickling filter (BTF) is a widely applied bioreactor for odour abatement in sewer networks. The trickling strategy is vital for maintaining a sound operation of BTF. This study employed a lab-scale BTF packed with granular activated carbon at a short empty bed residence time of 6 s and pH 1-2 to evaluate different trickling strategies, i.e., continuous trickling (different velocities) and intermittent trickling (different trickling intervals), in terms of the removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), bed pressure drop, H2S oxidation products and microbial community. The H2S removal performance decreased with the trickling velocity (∼3.6 m/h) in BTF. In addition, three intermittent trickling strategies, i.e., 10-min trickling per 24 h, 8 h, and 2 h, were investigated. The H2S elimination capacity deteriorated after about 2 weeks under both 10-min trickling per 24 h and 8 h. For both intermittent (10-min trickling per 2 h) and continuous trickling, the BTF exhibited nearly 100 % H2S removal for inlet H2S concentrations<100 ppmv, but intermittent BTF showed better removal performance than continuous trickling when inlet H2S increased to 120-190 ppmv. Furthermore, the bed pressure drops were 333 and 3888 Pa/m for non-trickling and trickling periods, respectively, which makes intermittent BTF save 83 % energy consumption of the blower compared with continuous tirckling. However, intermittent BTF exhibited transient H2S breakthrough (<1 ppmv) during trickling periods. Moreover, elemental sulfur and sulfate were major products of H2S oxidation and Acidithiobacillus was the dominant genus in both intermittent and continuous trickling BTF. A mathematical model was calibrated for the intermittent BTF and a sensitivity analysis was performed on the model. It shows mass transfer parameters determine the H2S removal. Overall, intermittent trickling strategy is promising for improving odour abatement performance and reducing the operating cost of the BTF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Bu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Gilda Carvalho
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia.
| | - Casey Huang
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Keshab R Sharma
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Yarong Song
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Philip Bond
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Jurg Keller
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Miao Yu
- Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, QLD, Australia
| | - Guangming Jiang
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia; School of Civil, Mining & Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
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6
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Bu H, Carvalho G, Yuan Z, Bond P, Jiang G. Biotrickling filter for the removal of volatile sulfur compounds from sewers: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130333. [PMID: 33780683 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) were identified as the dominant priority odorants emitted from sewers, including hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methyl mercaptan (MM), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and dimethyl sulfide (DMS). Biotrickling filter (BTF) is a widely-applied technology for odour abatement in sewers because of its relatively low operating cost and efficient H2S removal. The authors review the mechanisms and performance of BTF for the removal of these four VSCs, and discuss the key influencing factors including of empty bed residence time (EBRT), pH, temperature, nutrients, water content, trickling operation and packing materials. Besides, measures to improve the VSCs removal in BTF are proposed in the context of key influencing factors. Finally, the review assesses the new challenges of BTF for sewer emissions treatment, namely with respect to the performance of BTF for greenhouse gases (GHG) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Bu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Gilda Carvalho
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Philip Bond
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, QLD, Australia
| | - Guangming Jiang
- School of Civil, Mining & Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
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7
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Comparison between two different fixed-bed reactor configurations for nitrogen removal coupled to biogas biodesulfurization. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Evaluation of Immobilization of Selected Peat-Isolated Yeast Strains of the Species Candida albicans and Candida subhashii on the Surface of Artificial Support Materials Used for Biotrickling Filtration. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8070801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The paper describes the process of n-butanol abatement by unicellular fungi, able to deplete n-butanol content in gas, by using n-butanol as source of carbon. Isolated and identified fungi species Candida albicans and Candida subhashii were subjected to a viability process via assimilation of carbon from hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds. The isolates, which exhibited the ability to assimilate carbon, were immobilized on four different types of artificial support materials used for biotrickling filtration. Application of optical microscopy, flow cytometry and the tests employing propidium iodide and annexin V revealed viability of the fungi isolated on support materials’ surfaces at the average level of 95%. The proposed method of immobilization and its evaluation appeared to be effective, cheap and fast. Based on performed comparative analyses, it was shown that polyurethane foam and Bialecki rings (25 × 25) could be attractive support materials in biotrickling filtration.
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9
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Tian W, Chen X, Zhou P, Fu X, Zhao H. Removal of H2S by vermicompost biofilter and analysis on bacterial community. OPEN CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2020-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe vermicompost collected from dewatered domestic sludge as packing material in biofilter was investigated for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) removal. No nutrients or microbial inoculation was added throughout the experiment. The corresponding bacterial community characteristics in the vermicompost biofilter of different spatial levels were evaluated by Miseq high-throughput sequencing technique. The results showed that the vermicompost biofilter performed well during operation. The H2S removal efficiency reached nearly 100% under condition of the inlet concentration <350 mg m−3 and 0.25−0.35 m3 h−1 gas flow rate. The maximum elimination capacity of 20.2 g m−3 h−1 was observed at a flow rate of 0.35 m3 h−1. Furthermore, the amounts of biodegraded products and pH varied accordingly. In addition, the results from high-throughput sequencing revealed pronouncedly spatial variation of the vermicompost, and the Rhodanobacter, Halothiobacillus, Mizugakiibacter as well as Thiobacillus, which can play an important role in removing H2S, were predominant in the final vermicompost. These results imply that the vermicompost with diverse microbial communities has a good potential for eliminating H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Tian
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu Province, P. R. China
| | - Xuemin Chen
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu Province, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Fu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu Province, P. R. China
| | - Honghua Zhao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu Province, P. R. China
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10
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Yang N, Wang C, Han MF, Li YF, Hsi HC. Performance improvement of a biofilter by using gel-encapsulated microorganisms assembled in a 3D mesh material. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 251:126618. [PMID: 32443246 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanyang Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, China.
| | - Meng-Fei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, China
| | - Yun-Fei Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, China
| | - Hsing-Cheng Hsi
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 71, Chou-Shan Rd., Taipei, 106, Taiwan
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Zhang Y, Oshita K, Kusakabe T, Takaoka M, Kawasaki Y, Minami D, Tanaka T. Simultaneous removal of siloxanes and H 2S from biogas using an aerobic biotrickling filter. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 391:122187. [PMID: 32062547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of simultaneous removal of siloxane and H2S from biogas was investigated using an aerobic biotrickling filter (BTF). The biodegradation of H2S in the BTF followed a first-order kinetic model and more than 95 % H2S was eliminated within a residence time of 0.3 min. The removal of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) increased with longer empty bed residence time (EBRT). The partition test and microbial community analysis further reveals that up to 52 % removal of D5 was reached mainly by the chemical-absorption in acid recycling liquid. Finally, D5 was converted into mixtures of dimethylsilanediol (DMSD) and hexamethyldisiloxane (L2) via ring-opening hydrolysis in acid liquid and ring-shrinking polyreaction using CH4 derived from biogas. These operational characteristics demonstrate that the abiotic removal of D5, in addition to biological removal of H2S in an aerobic BTF can significantly decrease the siloxane loading to the downstream siloxane removing units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, C-cluster, Kyotodaigaku-katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Oshita
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, C-cluster, Kyotodaigaku-katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan.
| | - Taketoshi Kusakabe
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, C-cluster, Kyotodaigaku-katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan
| | - Masaki Takaoka
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, C-cluster, Kyotodaigaku-katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan
| | - Yu Kawasaki
- Ebara Jitsugyo Co., Ltd., Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Jia T, Sun S, Chen K, Zhang L, Peng Y. Simultaneous methanethiol and dimethyl sulfide removal in a single-stage biotrickling filter packed with polyurethane foam: Performance, parameters and microbial community analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125460. [PMID: 31809922 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The bio-treatment of methanethiol (MT) and dimethyl sulfide (DMS), the most common sulfur compounds in odorous gas, is difficult due to the inhibition of DMS degradation by MT. This article investigated the treatment of MT and DMS odorous gas using a single-stage biotrickling filter (BTF) packed with polyurethane foam cubes that were inoculated with activated sludge from a sewage treatment plant operating an anaerobic/aerobic/oxic (AAO) process. The BTF system lasted for 161 days (with 9 days to startup) under an empty gas residence time of 39 s. The elimination capacities for MT and DMS were 85.2 g/m3/h (removal efficiency = 96.6%) and 6.4 g/m3/h (removal efficiency = 95.0%), respectively, and the maximal elimination capacities of MT and DMS were 119.7 g/m3/h and 7.3 g/m3/h, respectively. The optimal parameters were as follows: empty bed retention time, 39 s; pH, 6.1; recirculation medium flow rate, ≥1.2 m3/m2/h; temperature, 29-36 °C; and SO42- concentration, < 2.0 g-SO42-/L. Microbial community analysis revealed that spatial differentiation between MT-degrading bacteria and DMS-degrading bacteria enable the single-stage BTF can simultaneously remove MT and DMS. The activated sludge of AAO process can be used as the inoculation sludge to treating MT and DMS gas, which provides an important reference for the industrial application of treating odorous gas containing MT and DMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipei Jia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Shihao Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Kaiqi Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
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13
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García-Pérez T, Hernández-Jiménez S, Revah S. Operational parameters in H 2S biofiltration under extreme acid conditions: performance, biomass control, and CO 2 consumption. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:4502-4508. [PMID: 31755066 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06789-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the treatment of gaseous hydrogen sulfide, H2S, in a biotrickling filter (BTF) under extreme acidic pH conditions (≈ 1.2). The effect of adding thiosulfate (Na2S2O3.5H2O) to promote biomass growth, feeding low concentrations of ozone to control excess biomass, and the carbon dioxide, CO2, consumption by the chemolithoautotrophic consortium were evaluated. The results showed a global removal efficiency over 98.0% with loads of H2S > 50 g m-3 h-1 (at 639 ppmv) and a linear relation between H2S elimination capacity with the CO2 consumption rate of around 0.1 gCO2/gH2S. Supplementing sulfur in the medium with 2 g L-1 thiosulfate resulted in negative effect performance. Respirometry tests proved that the consortium could not utilize this sulfur form at this pH. Additionally, continuous and intermittent O3 feeding to the BTF in gaseous concentrations of 98 ± 5.4 mg m-3 caused a slight decreased in the performance but the biomass activity in the BTF was only slightly affected allowing a quick performance recovery once O3 addition was suspended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa García-Pérez
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Cuajimalpa, Prolongación Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Cuajimalpa de Morelos, 05348, Cd. de México, México
| | - Sergio Hernández-Jiménez
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Cuajimalpa, Prolongación Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Cuajimalpa de Morelos, 05348, Cd. de México, México
| | - Sergio Revah
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Cuajimalpa, Prolongación Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Cuajimalpa de Morelos, 05348, Cd. de México, México.
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Kang JH, Namgung HG, Cho JI, Yoo SS, Lee BJ, Ji HW. Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide in Septic Tanks for Treating Black Water via an Immobilized Media of Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030684. [PMID: 31973062 PMCID: PMC7037211 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In South Korea, the installation of septic tanks for treating black water (STBW) is regulated even in sewage treatment areas to prevent the black water deposition in combined sewers. STBWs in which black water is anaerobically decomposed generate high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). In this study, an immobilized media of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) was used to remove the H2S. SOB media was prepared by using activated sludge collected from a wastewater treatment plant. Prior to field application, an appropriate cultivation period and aeration rate for SOB activation were estimated through a laboratory-scale test. The SOB was activated after a 23-day cultivation period and an aeration rate of 0.25 L-water/L-air/min. Moreover, the maximum H2S removal efficiency was observed at a cultivation period of 43 days and an aeration rate of 0.38 L-water/L-air/min. Then, the SOB media was installed on STBWs of various capacities. The H2S removal efficiency was compared between with and without SOB media. The maximum H2S elimination capacity with SOB media was 12.3 g/m3/h, which was approximately three times higher than without SOB media. Furthermore, the energy efficiency and oxidation rate were also three times higher with SOB, demonstrating the applicability of SOB for H2S removal in STBW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hee Kang
- Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283 Goyangdae-Ro, Ilsanseo-Gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-Do 10233, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (J.-I.C.); (S.S.Y.); (B.-J.L.)
| | - Hyeong-Gyu Namgung
- New Tech. Research Department, Korea District Heating Corporation, 92, Gigok-Ro, Giheung-Gu, Gyeonggi-Do 17099, Korea;
| | - Jeong-Il Cho
- Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283 Goyangdae-Ro, Ilsanseo-Gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-Do 10233, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (J.-I.C.); (S.S.Y.); (B.-J.L.)
| | - Sung Soo Yoo
- Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283 Goyangdae-Ro, Ilsanseo-Gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-Do 10233, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (J.-I.C.); (S.S.Y.); (B.-J.L.)
| | - Bong-Jae Lee
- Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283 Goyangdae-Ro, Ilsanseo-Gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-Do 10233, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (J.-I.C.); (S.S.Y.); (B.-J.L.)
| | - Hyon Wook Ji
- Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283 Goyangdae-Ro, Ilsanseo-Gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-Do 10233, Korea; (J.-H.K.); (J.-I.C.); (S.S.Y.); (B.-J.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-10-9228-8426
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15
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Tu X, Xu M, Li J, Li E, Feng R, Zhao G, Huang S, Guo J. Enhancement of using combined packing materials on the removal of mixed sulfur compounds in a biotrickling filter and analysis of microbial communities. BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:52. [PMID: 31345193 PMCID: PMC6659214 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0540-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Packing materials is a critical design consideration when employing biological reactor to treat malodorous gases. The acidification of packing bed usually results in a significant drop in the removal efficiency. In the present study, a biotrickling filter (BTF2) packed with plastic balls in the upper layer and with lava rocks in the bottom layer, was proposed to mitigate the acidification. Results Results showed that using combined packing materials efficiently enhanced the removal performance of BTF2 when compared with BTF1, which was packed with sole lava rocks. Removal efficiencies of more than 92.5% on four sulfur compounds were achieved in BTF2. Average pH value in its bottom packing bed was about 4.86, significantly higher than that in BTF1 (2.85). Sulfate and elemental sulfur were observed to accumulate more in BTF1 than in BTF2. Analysis of principal coordinate analysis proved that structure of microbial communities in BTF2 changed less after the shutdown but more when the initial pH value was set at 5.5. Network analysis of significant co-occurrence patterns based on the correlations between microbial taxa revealed that BTF2 harbored more diverse microorganisms involving in the bio-oxidation of sulfur compounds and had more complex interactions between microbial species. Conclusions Results confirmed that using combined packing materials effectively improved conditions for the growth of microorganisms. The robustness of reactor against acidification, adverse temperature and gas supply shutdown was greatly enhanced. These provided a theoretical basis for using mixed packing materials to improve removal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Tu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiying Xu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Enze Li
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongfang Feng
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaobin Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Guo
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, 510070, People's Republic of China
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16
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Chen Y, Xie L, Cai W, Wu J. Pilot-scale study using biotrickling filter to remove H2S from sewage lift station: Experiment and CFD simulation. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Wysocka I, Gębicki J, Namieśnik J. Technologies for deodorization of malodorous gases. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:9409-9434. [PMID: 30715695 PMCID: PMC6469639 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04195-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing number of citizens' complaints about odor nuisance due to production or service activity. High social awareness imposes pressure on entrepreneurs and service providers forcing them to undertake effective steps aimed at minimization of the effects of their activity, also with respect to emission of malodorous substances. The article presents information about various technologies used for gas deodorization. Known solutions can be included into two groups: technologies offering prevention of emissions, and methodological solutions that enable removal of malodorous substances from the stream of emitted gases. It is obvious that the selection of deodorization technologies is conditioned by many factors, and it should be preceded by an in-depth analysis of possibilities and limitations offered by various solutions. The aim of the article is presentation of the available gas deodorization technologies as to facilitate the potential investors with selection of the method of malodorous gases emission limitation, suitable for particular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Wysocka
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 117 Warszawska St., 10-701 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jacek Gębicki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 G. Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jacek Namieśnik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 G. Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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18
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Wu H, Yan H, Quan Y, Zhao H, Jiang N, Yin C. Recent progress and perspectives in biotrickling filters for VOCs and odorous gases treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 222:409-419. [PMID: 29883876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pollution caused by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and odorous pollutants in the air can produce severe environmental problems. In recent years, the emission control of VOCs and odorous pollutants has become a crucial issue owing to the adverse effect on humans and the environment. For treating these compounds, biotrickling filter (BTF) technology acts as an environment friendly and cost-effective alternative to conventional air pollution control technologies. Besides, low concentration of VOCs and odorous pollutants can also be effectively removed using BTF systems. However, the VOCs and odorants removal performance by BTF may be limited by the hydrophobicity, toxicity, and low bioavailability of these pollutants. To solve these problems, this review summarizes the design, mechanism, and common analytical methods of recent BTF advances. In addition, the operating conditions, mass transfer, packing materials and microorganisms (which are the critical parameters in a BTF system) were evaluated and discussed in view of improving the removal performance of BTFs. Further research on these specific topics, together with the combination of BTF technology with other technologies, should improve the removal performance of BTFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Huayu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Yue Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Huazhang Zhao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Nanzhe Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Chengri Yin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.
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19
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Zeng Y, Zhou J, Yan Z, Zhang X, Tu W, Li N, Tang M, Yuan Y, Li X, Cao Q, Huang Y. The study of simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification process based on the key parameters. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Guerrero RBS, Zaiat M. Wastewater post-treatment for simultaneous ammonium removal and elemental sulfur recovery using a novel horizontal mixed aerobic-anoxic fixed-bed reactor configuration. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 215:358-365. [PMID: 29579728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel horizontal mixed anoxic-aerobic fixed-bed reactor configuration based on nitrification coupled with autotrophic denitrification using hydrogen sulfide as an electron donor was developed. The nitrification removal efficiency (RE) reached values greater than 99% but was slightly affected by the accumulation of dissolved sulfur species in the liquid phase. The denitrification RE reached 99% with a H2S inlet load of 28.6 g S m-3 h-1, although the use of aluminum polychloride (PAC) as a sulfur coagulant in the anoxic zone affected the buffering capacity of the system and resulted in a decrease in the RE. The performance of the reactor was primarily affected by the buffering capacity of the system, and this effect could be controlled with an increase in the NaHCO3 concentration. The recovery of biogenic elemental sulfur was possible using PAC as a coagulant, although the solid collected at the bottom of the settling tank contained only 1.5% S0.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B S Guerrero
- Biological Process Laboratory, Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Environmental Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC/USP), Av. João Dagnone, 1100-Santa Angelina, 13.563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - M Zaiat
- Biological Process Laboratory, Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Environmental Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC/USP), Av. João Dagnone, 1100-Santa Angelina, 13.563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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21
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Kalantari H, Nosrati M, Shojaosadati SA, Shavandi M. Investigation of transient forms of sulfur during biological treatment of spent caustic. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:1597-1606. [PMID: 28554258 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1334707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the production of various transient forms of sulfur during biological oxidation of sulfidic spent caustics under haloalkaline conditions in a stirred tank bioreactor is investigated. Also, the effects of abiotic aeration (chemical oxidation), dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and sodium concentration on forms of sulfur during biological treatment are demonstrated. Thioalkalivibrio versutus strain was used for sulfide oxidation in spent caustic (SC). The aeration had an important effect on sulfide oxidation and its final products. At DO concentrations above 2 mg l-1, majority of sulfide was oxidized to sulfate. Maximum sulfide removal efficiency (%R) and yield of sulfate production [Formula: see text] was obtained in Na+ concentration ranging from 0.6 to 2 M. Abiotic aeration, which is the most important factor of production of thiosulfate, resulted in the formation of an undesired product-polysulfide. However, abiotic aeration can be used as a pretreatment to biological treatment. In the bioreactor the removal efficiency was obtained as 82.7% and various forms of sulfur such as polysulfide, biosulfur, thiosulfate and sulfate was observed during biological treatment of SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Kalantari
- a Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mohsen Nosrati
- a Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Shojaosadati
- a Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shavandi
- b Environment and Biotechnology Group , Research Institute of Petroleum Industry , Tehran , Iran
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22
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Qiu X, Deshusses MA. Performance of a monolith biotrickling filter treating high concentrations of H 2S from mimic biogas and elemental sulfur plugging control using pigging. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 186:790-797. [PMID: 28822257 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A novel biotrickling filter using a 3D-printed honeycomb-monolith as its filter bed has been proposed and studied in this work and a solution to bed-clogging problems using pigging was demonstrated. The inlet H2S concentration in the mimic biogas was controlled around 1000 ppmv and the empty bed gas residence time (EBRT) was 41 s corresponding to a loading rate of 127 g S-H2S m-3 h-1. The influence of different H2S/O2 ratios on the removal performance and fate of sulfur end-products was investigated. The results indicated that at a H2S/O2 molar ratio of 1:2, an average removal efficiency of 95% and an elimination capacity of 122 g H2S m-3 h-1 was obtained. Under all conditions investigated, elemental sulfur (rather than sulfate) was the dominant end-product which mostly accumulated in the bed. However, the monolith bed design reduced the risk of clogging by elemental sulfur, while bed pigging was shown to be an effective means to remove excess biomass and elemental sulfur accumulated inside the bed and extend the life of the system indefinitely. Altogether, these findings could lead to significant process improvement for biological sweetening of biogas or for removing biomass in biotrickling filters at risk of plugging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Qiu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 127C Hudson Hall, Box 90287, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708-0287, USA
| | - Marc A Deshusses
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 127C Hudson Hall, Box 90287, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708-0287, USA.
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23
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Ramadhani A, Kawada-Matsuo M, Komatsuzawa H, Oho T. Recombinant Sox Enzymes from Paracoccus pantotrophus Degrade Hydrogen Sulfide, a Major Component of Oral Malodor. Microbes Environ 2017; 32:54-60. [PMID: 28260736 PMCID: PMC5371076 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me16140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is emitted from industrial activities, and several chemotrophs possessing Sox enzymes are used for its removal. Oral malodor is a common issue in the dental field and major malodorous components are volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), including H2S and methyl mercaptan. Paracoccus pantotrophus is an aerobic, neutrophilic facultatively autotrophic bacterium that possesses sulfur-oxidizing (Sox) enzymes in order to use sulfur compounds as an energy source. In the present study, we cloned the Sox enzymes of P. pantotrophus GB17 and evaluated their VSC-degrading activities for the prevention of oral malodor. Six genes, soxX, soxY, soxZ, soxA, soxB, and soxCD, were amplified from P. pantotrophus GB17. Each fragment was cloned into a vector for the expression of 6×His-tagged fusion proteins in Escherichia coli. Recombinant Sox (rSox) proteins were purified from whole-cell extracts of E. coli using nickel affinity chromatography. The enzyme mixture was investigated for the degradation of VSCs using gas chromatography. Each of the rSox enzymes was purified to apparent homogeneity, as confirmed by SDS-PAGE. The rSox enzyme mixture degraded H2S in dose- and time-dependent manners. All rSox enzymes were necessary for degrading H2S. The H2S-degrading activities of rSox enzymes were stable at 25–80°C, and the optimum pH was 7.0. The amount of H2S produced by periodontopathic bacteria or oral bacteria collected from human subjects decreased after an incubation with rSox enzymes. These results suggest that the combination of rSox enzymes from P. pantotrophus GB17 is useful for the prevention of oral malodor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atik Ramadhani
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
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24
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The Influence of Micro-Oxygen Addition on Desulfurization Performance and Microbial Communities during Waste-Activated Sludge Digestion in a Rusty Scrap Iron-Loaded Anaerobic Digester. ENERGIES 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/en10020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Li Y, Zhang J, Zhu G, Liu Y, Wu B, Ng WJ, Appan A, Tan SK. Phytoextraction, phytotransformation and rhizodegradation of ibuprofen associated with Typha angustifolia in a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 102:294-304. [PMID: 27372652 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Widespread occurrence of trace pharmaceutical residues in aquatic environments is of great concerns due to the potential chronic toxicity of certain pharmaceuticals including ibuprofen on aquatic organisms even at environmental levels. In this study, the phytoextraction, phytotransformation and rhizodegradation of ibuprofen associated with Typha angustifolia were investigated in a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland system. The experimental wetland system consisted of a planted bed with Typha angustifolia and an unplanted bed (control) to treat ibuprofen-loaded wastewater (∼107.2 μg L(-1)). Over a period of 342 days, ibuprofen was accumulated in leaf sheath and lamina tissues at a mean concentration of 160.7 ng g(-1), indicating the occurrence of the phytoextraction of ibuprofen. Root-uptake ibuprofen was partially transformed to ibuprofen carboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy ibuprofen and 1-hydroxy ibuprofen which were found to be 1374.9, 235.6 and 301.5 ng g(-1) in the sheath, respectively, while they were 1051.1, 693.6 and 178.7 ng g(-1) in the lamina. The findings from pyrosequencing analysis of the rhizosphere bacteria suggest that the Dechloromonas sp., the Clostridium sp. (e.g. Clostridium saccharobutylicum), the order Sphingobacteriales, and the Cytophaga sp. in the order Cytophagales were most probably responsible for the rhizodegradation of ibuprofen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Li
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore; Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, 637141, Singapore.
| | - Jiefeng Zhang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore; Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, 637141, Singapore
| | - Guibing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China.
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore; Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, 637141, Singapore
| | - Bing Wu
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, 637141, Singapore
| | - Wun Jern Ng
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore; Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, 637141, Singapore
| | - Adhityan Appan
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, 637141, Singapore
| | - Soon Keat Tan
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore; Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, 637141, Singapore; Maritime Research Centre, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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26
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Gerrity S, Kennelly C, Clifford E, Collins G. Hydrogen sulfide oxidation in novel Horizontal-Flow Biofilm Reactors dominated by an Acidithiobacillus and a Thiobacillus species. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:2252-2264. [PMID: 26829048 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1147609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) is an odourous, highly toxic gas commonly encountered in various commercial and municipal sectors. Three novel, laboratory-scale, Horizontal-Flow Biofilm Reactors (HFBRs) were tested for the removal of H2S gas from air streams over a 178-day trial at 10°C. Removal rates of up to 15.1 g [H2S] m(-3) h(-1) were achieved, demonstrating the HFBRs as a feasible technology for the treatment of H2S-contaminated airstreams at low temperatures. Bio-oxidation of H2S in the reactors led to the production of H(+) and sulfate (SO(2-)4) ions, resulting in the acidification of the liquid phase. Reduced removal efficiency was observed at loading rates of 15.1 g [H2S] m(-3) h(-1). NaHCO3 addition to the liquid nutrient feed (synthetic wastewater (SWW)) resulted in improved H2S removal. Bacterial diversity, which was investigated by sequencing and fingerprinting 16S rRNA genes, was low, likely due to the harsh conditions prevailing in the systems. The HFBRs were dominated by two species from the genus Acidithiobacillus and Thiobacillus. Nonetheless, there were significant differences in microbial community structure between distinct HFBR zones due to the influence of alkalinity, pH and SO4 concentrations. Despite the low temperature, this study indicates HFBRs have an excellent potential to biologically treat H2S-contaminated airstreams.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gerrity
- a Microbial Communities Laboratory, School of Natural Sciences , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
| | - C Kennelly
- b Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
| | - E Clifford
- b Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Informatics , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
- c Ryan Institute for Environmental, Marine and Energy Research , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
| | - G Collins
- a Microbial Communities Laboratory, School of Natural Sciences , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
- c Ryan Institute for Environmental, Marine and Energy Research , National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
- d School of Engineering , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , UK
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Comparison of Removal Behavior of Two Biotrickling Filters under Transient Condition and Effect of pH on the Bacterial Communities. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155593. [PMID: 27196300 PMCID: PMC4873206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although biotrickling filters (BTFs) applied under acidic condition to remove H2S from waste gases have been reported, the removal behavior of the acidic BTF under transient condition which was normal in most industry processes, and corresponding bacterial community have not been thoroughly studied. In the present study, two BTFs were run under neutral (BTFn) and acidic (BTFa) conditions, respectively. The results revealed that the removal performance of BTFa under transient condition was superior to that of BTFn; the maximum H2S eliminating capacities (ECs) achieved by BTFa and BTFn were 489.9 g/m3 h and 443.6 g/m3 h, respectively. High-throughput sequencing suggested that pH was the critical factor and several other factors including nutrient and the inlet loadings also had roles in shaping bacterial community structure. Acidithiobacillus was the most abundant bacterial group. The results indicated that BTF acclimation under acidic condition may facilitate generating microbial community with high H2S-degrading capability.
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Talaiekhozani A, Bagheri M, Goli A, Talaei Khoozani MR. An overview of principles of odor production, emission, and control methods in wastewater collection and treatment systems. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 170:186-206. [PMID: 26829452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Odorous gases are the most important reason that people register complaints with organizations responsible for wastewater collection and treatment systems (WCTS). Although several studies have been conducted for prevention and control of odorous gases, no comprehensive research exists about recent achievements in this area. The aim of the present study is to collect and categorize the new achievements in preventing and controlling odorous gases in WCTS. Two strategies for controlling odor emissions from WCTS are (1) prevention of odor production and (2) removal of odorous compounds from emissions of WCTS. Between the two, priority goes to preventing odorous compounds' production. Several methods have been developed to prevent odor production, such as increasing oxidation reduction potential; inhibiting the activity of sulfide reducing bacteria; chemical removal of hydrogen sulfide; applying formaldehyde and paraformaldehyde to prevent hydrogen sulfide production; and using fuel cells in hydrogen sulfide inhibition and gradual release of oxygen in gas phase by using MgO2 or CaO2. In addition to preventing odorous compounds in WCTS, many other methods have been introduced to remove odorous compounds from emissions of WCTS, such as biofilters; bioscrubbers; biotrickling filters; suspended growth reactors; and membrane bioreactors and scrubbers. Through this review, responsible organizations can find new, effective, and economical strategies to prevent and control odorous gases in WCTS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marzieh Bagheri
- Jami Institute of Technology, Chemical Engineering Department, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amin Goli
- Jami Institute of Technology, Mechanical Engineering Department, Isfahan, Iran
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Chen Y, Wang X, He S, Zhu S, Shen S. The performance of a two-layer biotrickling filter filled with new mixed packing materials for the removal of H2S from air. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 165:11-16. [PMID: 26397031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the work described here, a two-layer biotrickling filter filled with new packing materials was used to remove H2S from air. The upper layer of the filter was packed with activated carbon-loaded polyurethane, whereas the lower layer was filled with modified organism-suspended fillers. The effects of inlet load, empty bed residence time (EBRT) from 79 s to 53 s, pH and contaminant starvation time were investigated. For loads of 15-50 g/(m(3) h), the average removal efficiency (RE) was higher than 96% under a consistent supply of pollutants. The critical elimination capacity was 39.95 g/(m(3) h) for an EBRT of 53 s with an RE of 99.9%. The two-layer BTF was capable of withstanding contaminant starvation periods for 1.5 d and 7 d with only a few hours of recovery time. The biodegradation kinetics was studied using Michaelis-Menten type equations under different EBRTs. At an EBRT of 66 s, the optimal kinetic constants rmax and Km were 333.3 g/(m(3) h) and 0.93 g/m(3), respectively. During the operation, the two-layer BTF performed well under various reasonable conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwen Chen
- The National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shuo He
- The National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shemin Zhu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shubao Shen
- The National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Zhu N, Shi C, Shang R, Yang C, Xu Z, Wu P. Immobilization of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans on cotton gauze for biological oxidation of ferrous ions in a batch bioreactor. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 64:727-734. [PMID: 26621070 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The ability of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans to oxidize ferrous iron has been extensively studied in bioleaching to recover metal resources. Although immobilization of A. ferrooxidans is of great importance to achieve high bioleaching performance in practical application, the reported approaches of immobilization of A. ferrooxidans are still limited. This paper is attempting to develop a novel method to immobilize A. ferrooxidans by a less-costly effective carrier from zeolite, activated carbon, and cotton gauze. The results showed that cotton gauze was the most suitable carrier to immobilize A. ferrooxidans cells in comparison with zeolite and activated carbon. Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans immobilized on the cotton gauze by gravity dehydration could achieve an average ferrous iron oxidation rate of 0.73 g/(L·h). Furthermore, the ferrous iron oxidation ratio attained in the bioreactor under batch operation was maintained above 97.83%. All results indicated that cotton gauze could be an efficient carrier for immobilizing A. ferrooxidans cells for the biooxidation of ferrous ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengwu Zhu
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaohong Shi
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Shang
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Yang
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingxiao Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Vosoughi A, Yazdian F, Amoabediny G, Hakim M. Investigating the effect of design parameters on the response time of a highly sensitive microbial hydrogen sulfide biosensor based on oxygen consumption. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 70:106-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Application of a novel respirometric methodology to characterize mass transfer and activity of H2S-oxidizing biofilms in biotrickling filter beds. Biochem Eng J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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33
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Liang Z, An T, Li G, Zhang Z. Aerobic biodegradation of odorous dimethyl disulfide in aqueous medium by isolated Bacillus cereus GIGAN2 and identification of transformation intermediates. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 175:563-568. [PMID: 25459868 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel, flagellated, rod-shape, Gram-positive facultative aerobe, was isolated and identified as Bacillus cereus GIGAN2. It can effectively remove model odorous organics dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) in aqueous solution under aerobic conditions. Initial concentration, pH value and temperature played important role in DMDS biodegradation, and up to 100% of 10mgL(-1) of DMDS could be removed within 96h under the optimum conditions (30°C, pH 7.0 and 200rpm) with a maximum biodegradation rate constant of 0.0330h(-1) and minimum half-life of 21.0h, respectively. Three main intermediates were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry during this biodegradation process. Further, a reaction scheme is also proposed to explain the possible DMDS biodegradation mechanism by GIGAN2 based on the above-identified intermediates. Overall, this is the first report to demonstrate a newly isolated strain using high concentrated DMDS as the sole carbon and energy source with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Taicheng An
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Zhengyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Wang L, Yang C, Cheng Y, Huang J, Yang H, Zeng G, Lu L, He S. Enhanced removal of ethylbenzene from gas streams in biotrickling filters by Tween-20 and Zn(II). J Environ Sci (China) 2014; 26:2500-2507. [PMID: 25499498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of Tween-20 and Zn(II) on ethylbenzene removal were evaluated using two biotrickling filters (BTFs), BTF1 and BTF2. Only BTF1 was fed with Tween-20 and Zn(II). Results show that ethylbenzene removal decreased from 94% to 69% for BTF1 and from 74% to 54% for BTF2 with increased organic loading from 64.8 to 189.0 g ethylbenzene/(m³·hr) at EBRT of 40 sec. The effect of EBRT (60-15 sec) at a constant ethylbenzene inlet concentration was more significant than that of EBRT (30-10 sec) at a constant organic loading. Biomass accumulation rate within packing media was reduced significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Chunping Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Yan Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Haining Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Li Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Shanying He
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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35
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Ebrahimi E, Yazdian F, Amoabediny G, Shariati MR, Janfada B, Saber M. A microbial biosensor for hydrogen sulfide monitoring based on potentiometry. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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poor NZM, Baniasadi L, Omidi M, Amoabediny G, Yazdian F, Attar H, Heydarzadeh A, Zarami ASH, Sheikhha MH. An inhibitory enzyme electrode for hydrogen sulfide detection. Enzyme Microb Technol 2014; 63:7-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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37
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Chen A, Zeng G, Chen G, Zhang C, Yan M, Shang C, Hu X, Lu L, Chen M, Guo Z, Zuo Y. Hydrogen sulfide alleviates 2,4-dichlorophenol toxicity and promotes its degradation in Phanerochaete chrysosporium. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 109:208-212. [PMID: 24530160 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the H2S donor, sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) was used to pretreat Phanerochaete chrysosporium in order to improve its ability to degrade 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP). When pretreated with 100μM NaHS, P. chrysosporium was able to degrade 2,4-DCP completely in 24h, whereas the degradation efficiency of the untreated control was only 57%. The 2,4-DCP-induced oxidative stress was alleviated by NaHS, and the percentage of surviving cells increased by 32%. H2S or HS(-), rather than other compounds derived from NaHS, were responsible for promoting 2,4-DCP degradation by P. chrysosporium. The results of this study suggest that H2S treatment is a potential strategy to alleviate environmental stress and improve the efficiency of the biological removal of pollutants from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwei Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Guiqiu Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Chang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ming Yan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Cui Shang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xinjiang Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lunhui Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ming Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zhi Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yanan Zuo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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Bioconversion of high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur in airlift bioreactor. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:675673. [PMID: 25147857 PMCID: PMC4132320 DOI: 10.1155/2014/675673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several bioreactor systems are used for biological treatment of hydrogen sulfide. Among these, airlift bioreactors are promising for the bioconversion of hydrogen sulfide into elemental sulfur. The performance of airlift bioreactors is not adequately understood, particularly when directly fed with hydrogen sulfide gas. The objective of this paper is to investigate the performance of an airlift bioreactor fed with high concentrations of H2S with special emphasis on the effect of pH in combination with other factors such as H2S loading rate, oxygen availability, and sulfide accumulation. H2S inlet concentrations between 1,008 ppm and 31,215 ppm were applied and elimination capacities up to 113 g H2S m(-3) h(-1) were achieved in the airlift bioreactor under investigation at a pH range 6.5-8.5. Acidic pH values reduced the elimination capacity. Elemental sulfur recovery up to 95% was achieved under oxygen limited conditions (DO < 0.2 mg/L) and at higher pH values. The sulfur oxidizing bacteria in the bioreactor tolerated accumulated dissolved sulfide concentrations >500 mg/L at pH values 8.0-8.5, and near 100% removal efficiency was achieved. Overall, the resident microorganisms in the studied airlift bioreactor favored pH values in the alkaline range. The bioreactor performance in terms of elimination capacity and sulfur recovery was better at pH range 8-8.5.
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39
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Qi P, Zhang D, Wan Y. Development of an Amperometric Microbial Biosensor Based onThiobacillus thioparusCells for Sulfide and Its Application to Detection of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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Performance of three pilot-scale immobilized-cell biotrickling filters for removal of hydrogen sulfide from a contaminated air steam. Saudi J Biol Sci 2014; 21:450-6. [PMID: 25313280 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a major malodorous compound emitted from wastewater treatment plants. In this study, the performance of three pilot-scale immobilized-cell biotrickling filters (BTFs) spacked with combinations of bamboo charcoal and ceramsite in different ratios was investigated in terms of H2S removal. Extensive tests were performed to determine the removal characteristics, pressure drops, metabolic products, and removal kinetics of the BTFs. The BTFs were operated in continuous mode at low loading rates varying from 0.59 to 5.00 g H2S m(-3) h(-1) with an empty bed retention time (EBRT) of 25 s. The removal efficiency (RE) for each BTF was >99% in the steady-state period, and high standards were met for the exhaust gas. It was found that a multilayer BTF had a slight advantage over a perfectly mixed BTF for the removal of H2S. Furthermore, an impressive amount >97% of the H2S was eliminated by 10% of packing materials near the inlet of the BTF. The modified Michaelis-Menten equation was adopted to describe the characteristics of the BTF, and K s and V m values for the BTF with pure bamboo charcoal packing material were 3.68 ppmv and 4.26 g H2S m(-3) h(-1), respectively. Both bamboo charcoal and ceramsite demonstrated good performance as packing materials in BTFs for the removal of H2S, and the results of this study could serve as a guide for further design and operation of industrial-scale systems.
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41
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Yang H, Gao K, Feng S, Zhang L, Wang W. Isolation of sulfide remover strain Thermithiobacillus tepidarius JNU-2, and scale-up bioreaction for sulfur regeneration. ANN MICROBIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-014-0891-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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42
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Solcia R, Ramírez M, Fernández M, Cantero D, Bevilaqua D. Hydrogen sulphide removal from air by biotrickling filter using open-pore polyurethane foam as a carrier. Biochem Eng J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2013.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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43
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Mirzaei M, Amoabediny G, Yazdian F, Sheikhpour M, Ebrahimi E, Zadeh BEH. An immobilized Thiobacillus thioparus biosensing system for monitoring sulfide hydrogen; optimized parameters in a bioreactor. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zytoon MA, El-Shazly AH, Noweir MH, Al-Zahrani AA. Quantitative safety analysis of a laboratory-scale bioreactor for hydrogen sulfide biotreatment using fault tree analysis. PROCESS SAFETY PROGRESS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/prs.11600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Zytoon
- Department of Industrial Engineering; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Department of Occupational Health and Air Pollution; High Institute of Public Health; Alexandria University; Alexandria Egypt
| | - Ahmed H. El-Shazly
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Madbuli H. Noweir
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Studies; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
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Hernández J, Lafuente J, Prado OJ, Gabriel D. Startup and long-term performance of biotrickling filters packed with polyurethane foam and poplar wood chips treating a mixture of ethylmercaptan, H2S, and NH3. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2013; 63:462-471. [PMID: 23687731 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2013.763305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Treatment of a mixture of NH3, H2S, and ethylmercaptan (EM) was investigated for more than 15 months in two biotrickling filters packed with poplar wood chips and polyurethane foam. Inlet loads ranging from 5 to 10 g N-NH3 m-3 hr-1, from 5 to 16 g S-H2S m-3 hr-1, and from 0 to 5 g EM m-3 hr-1 were applied. During startup, the biotrickling filter packed with polyurethane foam was re-inoculated due to reduced biomass retention as well as a stronger effect of nitrogen compounds inhibition compared with the biotrickling filter packed with poplar wood. Accurate pH control between 7 and 7.5 favored pollutants abatement. In the long run, complete NH3 removal in the gas phase was achieved in both reactors, while H2S removal efficiencies exceeded 90%. EM abatement was significantly different in both reactors. A systematically lower elimination capacity was found in the polyurethane foam bioreactor. N fractions in the liquid phase proved that high nitrification rates were reached throughout steady-state operation in both bioreactors. CO2 production showed the extent of the organic packing material degradation, which allowed estimating its service lifetime in around 2 years. In the long run, the bioreactor packed with the organic packing material had a lower stability. However, an economic analysis indicated that poplar wood chips are a competitive alternative to inorganic packing materials in biotrickling filters. IMPLICATIONS We provide new insights in the use of organic packing materials in biotrickling filters for the treatment of H2S, NH3, and mercaptans and compare them with polyurethane foam, a packing commonly used in biotrickling filters. We found interesting features related with the startup of the reactors and parameterized both the performance under steady-state conditions and the influence of the gas contact time. We provide relevant conclusions in the profitability of organic packing materials under a biotrickling filter configuration, which is infrequent but proven reliable from our research results. The report is useful to designers and users of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hernández
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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A comparative evaluation of dried activated sludge and mixed dried activated sludge with rice husk silica to remove hydrogen sulfide. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2013; 10:22. [PMID: 23497048 PMCID: PMC3605136 DOI: 10.1186/1735-2746-10-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of dried activated sludge (DAS) and mixed dried activated sludge with rice husk silica (DAS & RHS) for removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Two laboratory-scale filter columns (packed one litter) were operated. Both systems were operated under different conditions of two parameters, namely different inlet gas concentrations and different inlet flow rates. The DAS & RHS packed filter showed more than 99.96% removal efficiency (RE) with empty bed residence time (EBRT) of 45 to 90 s and 300 mg/L inlet concentration of H2S. However, the RE decreased to 96.87% with the EBRT of 30 s. In the same condition, the DAS packed filter showed 99.37% RE. Nonetheless, the RE was shown to have dropped to 82.09% with the EBRT of 30 s. The maximum elimination capacity (EC) was obtained in the DAS & RHS packed filter up to 52.32 g/m3h, with the RE of 96.87% and H2S mass loading rate of 54 g/m3h. The maximum EC in the DAS packed filter was obtained up to 44.33 g/m3h with the RE of 82.09% and the H2S mass loading rate of 54 g/m3h. After 53 days of operating time and 54 g/m3h of loading rates, the maximum pressure drop reached to 3.0 and 8.0 (mm H2O) for the DAS & RHS packed and DAS packed filters, respectively. Based on the findings of this study, the DAS & RHS could be considered as a more suitable packing material to remove H2S.
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Rodriguez G, Dorado AD, Bonsfills A, Gabriel D, Gamisans X. Optimization of Oxygen Transfer through Membrane Diffusers for Biological Sweetening of Biogas. Chem Eng Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201200603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hort C, Gracy S, Platel V, Moynault L. A comparative study of two composts as filter media for the removal of gaseous reduced sulfur compounds (RSCs) by biofiltration: application at industrial scale. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2013; 33:18-25. [PMID: 23036720 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the use of two composts as filter media for the treatment by biofiltration of odors emitted during the aerobic composting of a mixture containing sewage sludge and yard waste. The chemical analysis of the waste gas showed that the malodorous compounds at trace level were the reduced sulfur compounds (RSCs) which were dimethyl sulfide (Me(2)S), methanethiol (MeSH) and hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S). Laboratory tests for biofiltration treatment of RSCs were performed in order to compare the properties of two filter media, consisted of a mature compost with yard waste (YW) and a mixture of mature compost with sewage sludge and yard waste (SS/YW). The maximum elimination capacity (EC) values obtained with the YW mature compost as packing material were 12.5 mg m(-3)h(-1) for H(2)S, 7.9 mg m(-3)h(-1) for MeSH and 34 mg m(-3)h(-1) for Me(2)S, and the removal efficiency decreased in the order of: H(2)S>MeSH>Me(2)S. Moreover, the YW compost filter medium had a better behavior than the filter medium based on SS/YW in terms of acclimation of the microbial communities and moisture content. According to these results, a YW mature compost as packing material for an industrial biofilter were designed and this industrial biofilter was found effective under specified conditions (without inoculation and addition of water). The results showed that the maximum EC value of RSCs was 935 mg m(-3)h(-1) (100% removal efficiency, RE) for an inlet loads (IL) between 0 and 1000 mg m(-3)h(-1). Thus, YW compost medium was proven efficient for biofiltration of RSCs both at laboratory and industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hort
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Laboratoire de Thermique, Energétique et Procédés (LaTEP), Equipe Traitement des Effluents Gazeux Site de Tarbes, Département Génie des Procédés, Quartier Bastillac, 65000 Tarbes, France.
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Liang W, Huang S, Yang Y, Jiang R. Experimental and modeling study on nitric oxide removal in a biotrickling filter using Chelatococcus daeguensis under thermophilic condition. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 125:82-87. [PMID: 23026317 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.08.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Revised: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the development of a thermophilic biotrickling filter (BTF) system to inoculate a newly isolated strain of Chelatococcus daeguensis TAD1 for the effective treatment of nitric oxide (NO) is described. It was successfully started up in 35days and effectively removed NO from the oxygen contained simulated gas at 50°C. A mathematical model based on the mass transfer in gas-biofilm interface and chemical oxidation in gas phase was developed. Steady-state experimental data under different inlet NO concentration and empty bed retention time (EBRT) condition were used to verify the proposed model. The model can well reproduce the experimental results and the sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the model is not dependent on the accuracy of the parameters excessively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, PR China
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Song J, Namgung H, Ahmed Z. Biodegradation of toluene using Candida tropicalis immobilized on polymer matrices in fluidized bed bioreactors. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 241-242:316-322. [PMID: 23069330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A yeast strain, Candida tropicalis, was whole-cell-immobilized on polymer matrices of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyethylene glycol/activated carbon/alginate (PACA). The polymer matrices were used as fluidized materials in bubble-column bioreactors for the biodegradation of toluene. Simultaneously, another bubble-column bioreactor using granular activated carbon (GAC) and a conventional compost biofilter were operated for comparison. In the compost biofilter, the toluene removal efficiency gradually deteriorated due to the limitation of microbial activity. The toluene removal in the GAC bioreactor was relatively high because of an increase of toluene mass transfer. However, low toluene removal efficiencies were observed in the PEG bioreactor, presumably because the synthetic polymer alone was not suitable for yeast cell immobilization. In the PACA bioreactor, toluene removal was found to be greater than 95% overall. The CO(2) yield coefficient calculated at the highest toluene loading condition for the PACA bioreactor was found to be higher than those observed in the other bioreactors. Furthermore, almost complete elimination capacities were observed in the PACA bioreactor at short-term toluene loading up to 180 g/m(3)/h. In conclusion, the immobilization of C. tropicalis in the PACA matrix resulted in enhanced toluene biodegradation because of the increases of both mass transfer and microbial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiHyeon Song
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sejong University, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-747, South Korea
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