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Stoklosa RJ, García-Negrón V, Latona RJ, Toht M. Limiting acetoin generation during 2,3-butanediol fermentation with Paenibacillus polymyxa using lignocellulosic hydrolysates. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130053. [PMID: 37993069 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent decarbonization efforts have led to interests in producing more bio-based chemicals. One attractive compound produced biochemically is the platform chemical known as 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO). In this work a mild alkaline pretreatment using sodium carbonate was performed on corn stover (CS) and switchgrass (SG) to generate hydrolysates for fermentation with the 2,3-BDO producer bacteria strain Paenibacillius polymyxa. Enzymatic hydrolysis performed on the pretreated CS and SG produced theoretical sugar yields of 80 % and 95 % for glucose and xylose, respectively. Fermentations with P. polymxya conducted in anaerobic bottles produced 2,3-BDO reaching concentrations ranging from 14 to 18 g/L with negligible conversion into acetoin. Bioreactor fermentations using the hydrolysate media generated up to 43 g/L and 34 g/L of 2,3-BDO from pretreated CS and SG, respectively, within 24 h of fermentation. However, 2,3-BDO product output was reduced by 40-50 % over the remainder of the fermentation due to conversion into acetoin caused by glucose depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Stoklosa
- Sustainable Biofuels and Co-Products Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, Wyndmoor, PA, United States.
| | - Valerie García-Negrón
- Sustainable Biofuels and Co-Products Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - Renee J Latona
- Sustainable Biofuels and Co-Products Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
| | - Matthew Toht
- Sustainable Biofuels and Co-Products Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, Wyndmoor, PA, United States
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2
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Silva CT, Rojas-Chamorro JA, Barroso GM, Santos MV, Evaristo AB, da Silva LD, Castro Galiano E, Santos JBD. Crops with potential for diclosulam remediation and concomitant bioenergy production. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2022; 25:275-282. [PMID: 35544425 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2074363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate crops for their ability to phytoremediate diclosulam residues in the soil and produce lignocellulosic ethanol. Physiological characteristics, biomass production, soil cover rate, fermentable sugar production and lignocellulosic ethanol production potential of the crops were evaluated in soil with diclosulam residues. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme with the following crops as the first factor: Avena sativa, Canavalia ensiformis, Mucuna aterrima, and Pennisetum glaucum. The second factor was the presence or absence of the herbicide diclosulam in the soil (30 g ha-1). The physiological variables of the plant species were not affected by the presence of diclosulam; the soil cover of P. glaucum was lower in the area with diclosulam, with a value of 26%. The levels of glucose were not affected by the presence of diclosulam in A. sativa, C. ensiformis, and M. aterrima, indicate not change the estimated yield of ethanol for this species. Avena sativa and Pennisetum glaucum have the potential to phytoremediate soils containing diclosulam residues, with concomitant lignocellulosic ethanol production ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cícero Teixeira Silva
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Madureira Barroso
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vitoria Santos
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anderson Barbosa Evaristo
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Unaí, Brazil
| | - Leandro Diego da Silva
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eulogio Castro Galiano
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaèn, Jaen, Spain
| | - José Barbosa Dos Santos
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
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3
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Yuan Y, Jiang B, Chen H, Wu W, Wu S, Jin Y, Xiao H. Recent advances in understanding the effects of lignin structural characteristics on enzymatic hydrolysis. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:205. [PMID: 34670604 PMCID: PMC8527784 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02054-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose for bioethanol production shows a great potential to remit the rapid consumption of fossil fuels, given the fact that lignocellulose feedstocks are abundant, cost-efficient, and renewable. Lignin results in low enzymatic saccharification by forming the steric hindrance, non-productive adsorption of cellulase onto lignin, and deactivating the cellulase. In general, the non-productive binding of cellulase on lignin is widely known as the major cause for inhibiting the enzymatic hydrolysis. Pretreatment is an effective way to remove lignin and improve the enzymatic digestibility of lignocellulose. Along with removing lignin, the pretreatment can modify the lignin structure, which significantly affects the non-productive adsorption of cellulase onto lignin. To relieve the inhibitory effect of lignin on enzymatic hydrolysis, enormous efforts have been made to elucidate the correlation of lignin structure with lignin-enzyme interactions but with different views. In addition, contrary to the traditional belief that lignin inhibits enzymatic hydrolysis, in recent years, the addition of water-soluble lignin such as lignosulfonate or low molecular-weight lignin exerts a positive effect on enzymatic hydrolysis, which gives a new insight into the lignin-enzyme interactions. For throwing light on their structure-interaction relationship during enzymatic hydrolysis, the effect of residual lignin in substrate and introduced lignin in hydrolysate on enzymatic hydrolysis are critically reviewed, aiming at realizing the targeted regulation of lignin structure for improving the saccharification of lignocellulose. The review is also focused on exploring the lignin-enzyme interactions to mitigate the negative impact of lignin and reducing the cost of enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Yuan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Shufang Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
- Laboratory of Wood Chemistry, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Rd, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, E3B 11 5A3, Canada
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Sewsynker-Sukai Y, Naomi David A, Gueguim Kana EB. Recent developments in the application of kraft pulping alkaline chemicals for lignocellulosic pretreatment: Potential beneficiation of green liquor dregs waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 306:123225. [PMID: 32241680 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic waste has offered a cost-effective and food security-wise substrate for the generation of biofuels and value-added products. However, its recalcitrant properties necessitate pretreatment. Of the various pretreatment methods, alkaline techniques have gained prominence as efficient catalysts. The kraft pulping industry represents a major hub for the generation of white, black and green liquor alkaline solutions during the paper making process. Despite its well-known significance in the kraft pulping process, green liquor (GL) has been widely applied for lignocellulosic pretreatment. Recently, green liquor dregs (GLD), an alkaline waste generated from the kraft pulping industry has piqued interest. Therefore, this review outlines the general flow of the kraft pulping process and the alkaline chemicals derived. In addition, the extensively studied GL for lignocellulosic pretreatment is discussed. Subsequently, the potential beneficiation of GLD for lignocellulosic pretreatment is presented. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects of lignocellulosic pretreatments are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeshona Sewsynker-Sukai
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Life Sciences, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; SMRI/NRF SARChI Research Chair in Sugarcane Biorefining, Discipline of Chemical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Anthea Naomi David
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Life Sciences, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - E B Gueguim Kana
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Life Sciences, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
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5
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Wu S, Chen H, Jameel H, Chang HM, Phillips R, Jin Y. Effects of Lignin Contents and Delignification Methods on Enzymatic Saccharification of Loblolly Pine. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shufang Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Hasan Jameel
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Hou-min Chang
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Richard Phillips
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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6
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Zhao C, Shao Q, Chundawat SPS. Recent advances on ammonia-based pretreatments of lignocellulosic biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 298:122446. [PMID: 31791921 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia-based pretreatments have been extensively studied in the last decade as one of the leading pretreatment technologies for lignocellulose biorefining. Here, we discuss the key features and compare performances of several leading ammonia-based pretreatments (e.g., soaking in aqueous ammonia or SAA, ammonia recycled percolation or ARP, ammonia fiber expansion or AFEX, and extractive ammonia or EA). We provide detailed insight into the distinct physicochemical mechanisms employed during ammonia-based pretreatments and its impact on downstream bioprocesses (e.g., enzymatic saccharification); such as modification of cellulose crystallinity, lignin/hemicellulose structure, and other ultrastructural changes such as cell wall porosity. Lastly, a brief overview of process technoeconomics and environmental impacts are discussed, along with recommendations for future areas of research on ammonia-based pretreatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Wood-based Resource Utilization, School of Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Linan, Zhejiang 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianjun Shao
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Shishir P S Chundawat
- Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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Xia F, Gong J, Lu J, Cheng Y, Zhai S, An Q, Wang H. Combined liquid hot water with sodium carbonate-oxygen pretreatment to improve enzymatic saccharification of reed. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122498. [PMID: 31812916 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, two-stage combination of liquid hot water (LHW) and Na2CO3-O2 pretreatment was performed efficiently on reed to obtain fermentable sugar. Reed was first treated with LHW at 170 °C for 60 min and then with Na2CO3-O2. The optimal conditions for Na2CO3-O2 pretreatment were as follow: reaction temperature of 150 °C, residence time of 40 min, Na2CO3 concentration of 33.3 g/L and oxygen pressure of 0.6 MPa. The total sugar yield of 79.1% was achieved with a cellulase of 20 FPU/g-pretreated solid for 48 h. The total sugar yield improved 36.0% compared with single Na2CO3-O2 pretreatment. The combined pretreatment could avoid the loss of carbohydrate degradation. The total sugar yield was increased by 48.6% compared to only LHW pretreatment. Owing to advantages of the combined pretreatment breaking the restraint of lignin and cellulose, LHW combined with Na2CO3-O2 pretreatment was a promising method for the production of fermentable sugar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xia
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingwei Gong
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Lu
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Shangru Zhai
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Qingda An
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Haisong Wang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
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Fan C, Yu H, Qin S, Li Y, Alam A, Xu C, Fan D, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Zhu W, Peng L, Luo K. Brassinosteroid overproduction improves lignocellulose quantity and quality to maximize bioethanol yield under green-like biomass process in transgenic poplar. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:9. [PMID: 31988661 PMCID: PMC6969456 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-1652-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a leading biomass feedstock, poplar plants provide enormous lignocellulose resource convertible for biofuels and bio-chemicals. However, lignocellulose recalcitrance particularly in wood plants, basically causes a costly bioethanol production unacceptable for commercial marketing with potential secondary pollution to the environment. Therefore, it becomes important to reduce lignocellulose recalcitrance by genetic modification of plant cell walls, and meanwhile to establish advanced biomass process technology in woody plants. Brassinosteroids, plant-specific steroid hormones, are considered to participate in plant growth and development for biomass production, but little has been reported about brassinosteroids roles in plant cell wall assembly and modification. In this study, we generated transgenic poplar plant that overexpressed DEETIOLATED2 gene for brassinosteroids overproduction. We then detected cell wall feature alteration and examined biomass enzymatic saccharification for bioethanol production under various chemical pretreatments. RESULTS Compared with wild type, the PtoDET2 overexpressed transgenic plants contained much higher brassinosteroids levels. The transgenic poplar also exhibited significantly enhanced plant growth rate and biomass yield by increasing xylem development and cell wall polymer deposition. Meanwhile, the transgenic plants showed significantly improved lignocellulose features such as reduced cellulose crystalline index and degree of polymerization values and decreased hemicellulose xylose/arabinose ratio for raised biomass porosity and accessibility, which led to integrated enhancement on biomass enzymatic saccharification and bioethanol yield under various chemical pretreatments. In contrast, the CRISPR/Cas9-generated mutation of PtoDET2 showed significantly lower brassinosteroids level for reduced biomass saccharification and bioethanol yield, compared to the wild type. Notably, the optimal green-like pretreatment could even achieve the highest bioethanol yield by effective lignin extraction in the transgenic plant. Hence, this study proposed a mechanistic model elucidating how brassinosteroid regulates cell wall modification for reduced lignocellulose recalcitrance and increased biomass porosity and accessibility for high bioethanol production. CONCLUSIONS This study has demonstrated a powerful strategy to enhance cellulosic bioethanol production by regulating brassinosteroid biosynthesis for reducing lignocellulose recalcitrance in the transgenic poplar plants. It has also provided a green-like process for biomass pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification in poplar and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfen Fan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Hua Yu
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Shifei Qin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Yongli Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Aftab Alam
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Changzhen Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Di Fan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Qingwei Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Wanbin Zhu
- College of Biomass Sciences and Engineering, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research Centre, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- College of Biomass Sciences and Engineering, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Keming Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Institute of Resources Botany, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
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Pretreatment of Sweet Sorghum Bagasse for Ethanol Production Using Na2CO3 Obtained by NaOH Absorption of CO2 Generated in Sweet Sorghum Juice Ethanol Fermentation. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation5040091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Commercial production of fuel ethanol currently uses sugarcane and corn as feedstocks. Attempts to develop other renewable feedstocks that are more abundant have led to lignocellulosic biomass, which requires pretreatment prior to enzymatic hydrolysis to generate fermentable sugars. One of the largest cost components of pretreatment is chemical cost. Ethanol fermentation also produces large quantities of CO2 as a co-product contributing to global warming. (2) Methods: Sweet sorghum has emerged as a potential new feedstock for ethanol production. In the present study, the CO2 produced in sweet sorghum juice (SSJ) fermentation was captured by absorption in 5 M NaOH. The resultant Na2CO3 solution was used for pretreatment of sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB), which is the solid residue in SSJ extraction. The pretreated SSB was fermented in SSJ to produce additional ethanol. (3) Results: CO2 absorption efficiency of 92.0% was observed. Pretreatment of SSB by the obtained Na2CO3 solution resulted in no loss of glucan and only 8.1 wt% loss of xylan. Ethanol yield from glucan in the pretreated SSB was 81.7% theoretical. (4) Conclusions: CO2 from SSJ fermentation captured as Na2CO3 could be used for efficient SSB pretreatment. Further study focusing on pretreatment process optimization is needed.
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Abstract
Fermentative hydrogen production via dark fermentation with the application of lignocellulosic biomass requires a multistep pre-treatment procedure, due to the complexed structure of the raw material. Hence, the comparison of the hydrogen productivity potential of different lignocellulosic materials (LCMs) in relation to the lignocellulosic biomass composition is often considered as an interesting field of research. In this study, several types of biomass, representing woods, cereals and grass were processed by means of mechanical pre-treatment and alkaline and enzymatic hydrolysis. Hydrolysates were used in fermentative hydrogen production via dark fermentation process with Enterobacter aerogenes (model organism). The differences in the hydrogen productivity regarding different materials hydrolysates were analyzed using chemometric methods with respect to a wide dataset collected throughout this study. Hydrogen formation, as expected, was positively correlated with glucose concentration and total reducing sugars amount (YTRS) in enzymatic hydrolysates of LCMs, and negatively correlated with concentrations of enzymatic inhibitors i.e., HMF, furfural and total phenolic compounds in alkaline-hydrolysates LCMs, respectively. Interestingly, high hydrogen productivity was positively correlated with lignin content in raw LCMs and smaller mass loss of LCM after pre-treatment step. Besides results of chemometric analysis, the presented data analysis seems to confirm that the structure and chemical composition of lignin and hemicellulose present in the lignocellulosic material is more important to design the process of its bioconversion than the proportion between the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content in this material. For analyzed LCMs we found remarkable higher potential of hydrogen production via bioconversion process of woods i.e., beech (24.01 mL H2/g biomass), energetic poplar (23.41 mL H2/g biomass) or energetic willow (25.44 mL H2/g biomass) than for cereals i.e., triticale (17.82 mL H2/g biomass) and corn (14.37 mL H2/g biomass) or for meadow grass (7.22 mL H2/g biomass).
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11
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Kucharska K, Rybarczyk P, Hołowacz I, Łukajtis R, Glinka M, Kamiński M. Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Materials as Substrates for Fermentation Processes. Molecules 2018; 23:E2937. [PMID: 30423814 PMCID: PMC6278514 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and renewable resource that potentially contains large amounts of energy. It is an interesting alternative for fossil fuels, allowing the production of biofuels and other organic compounds. In this paper, a review devoted to the processing of lignocellulosic materials as substrates for fermentation processes is presented. The review focuses on physical, chemical, physicochemical, enzymatic, and microbiologic methods of biomass pretreatment. In addition to the evaluation of the mentioned methods, the aim of the paper is to understand the possibilities of the biomass pretreatment and their influence on the efficiency of biofuels and organic compounds production. The effects of different pretreatment methods on the lignocellulosic biomass structure are described along with a discussion of the benefits and drawbacks of each method, including the potential generation of inhibitory compounds for enzymatic hydrolysis, the effect on cellulose digestibility, the generation of compounds that are toxic for the environment, and energy and economic demand. The results of the investigations imply that only the stepwise pretreatment procedure may ensure effective fermentation of the lignocellulosic biomass. Pretreatment step is still a challenge for obtaining cost-effective and competitive technology for large-scale conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars with low inhibitory concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kucharska
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Piotr Rybarczyk
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Iwona Hołowacz
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Rafał Łukajtis
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Marta Glinka
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Marian Kamiński
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Xie X, Feng X, Chi S, Zhang Y, Yu G, Liu C, Li Z, Li B, Peng H. A sustainable and effective potassium hydroxide pretreatment of wheat straw for the production of fermentable sugars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Preparation of Lignosulfonates from Biorefinery Lignins by Sulfomethylation and Their Application as a Water Reducer for Concrete. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10080841. [PMID: 30960766 PMCID: PMC6403876 DOI: 10.3390/polym10080841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignosulfonate (LG), a water-soluble polymer from sulfite pulping process of lignocellulosic biomass, has been commercially applied as admixture for concrete. In this work, lignosulfonates were produced from alkaline lignin (AL) and enzymatic hydrolysis residue (EHR) by sulfomethylation and these lignosulfonates as water reducers for concrete were then evaluated. Results showed that 94.9% and 68.9% of lignins in AL and EHR could be sulfonated under optimum sulfomethylation conditions, respectively. The sulfonic groups in lignosulfonates from AL (AL-LG) and EHR (EHR-LG) were 1.6 mmol/g and 1.0 mmol/g, respectively. Surface tension and zeta potential analysis indicated that both AL-LG and EHR-LG can be potentially used to as dispersant for improving the fluidity of the cement paste, similarly to commercial lignosulfonate (CM-LG). Adding 0.2 wt % of AL-LG, EHR-LG, and CM-LG in the concrete, the compressive strength (28 days) of concretes increased from 38.4 Mpa to 41.6, 42.6, and 40.9 Mpa, respectively. These findings suggest that the lignosulfonate from biorefinery lignin by sulfomethylation can meet the industrial standards as water reducers for cement admixtures.
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Chong G, Di J, Qian J, Wang C, He Y, Huo X, Wu C, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Tang Y, Ma C. Efficient pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse via dilute mixed alkali salts (K2CO3/K2SO3) soaking for enhancing its enzymatic saccharification. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Conversion of Levulinic Acid from Various Herbaceous Biomass Species Using Hydrochloric Acid and Effects of Particle Size and Delignification. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en11030621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acid catalyzed hydrothermal conversion of levulinic acid (LA) from various herbaceous materials including rice straw (RS), corn stover (CS), sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB), and Miscanthus (MS) was evaluated. With 1 M HCl, 150 °C, 5 h, 20 g/L solid loading, the yields of LA from untreated RS, CS, SSB and MS based on the glucan content were 60.2, 75.1, 78.5 and 61.7 wt %, respectively. It was also found that the particle size had no significant effect on LA conversion yield with >3 h reaction time. With delignification using simulated green liquor (Na2CO3-Na2S, 20 wt % total titratable alkali (TTA), 40 wt % sulfidity) at 200 °C for 15 min, lignin removal was in the range of 64.8–91.2 wt %. Removal of both lignin and xylan during delignification increased the glucan contents from 33.0–44.3 of untreated biomass to 61.7–68.4 wt % of treated biomass. Delignified biomass resulted in much lower conversion yield (50.4–56.0 wt %) compared to 60.2–78.5 wt % of untreated biomass. Nonetheless, the concentration of LA in the product was enhanced by a factor of ~1.5 with delignification.
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Um J, Kim DG, Jung MY, Saratale GD, Oh MK. Metabolic engineering of Enterobacter aerogenes for 2,3-butanediol production from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:1567-1574. [PMID: 28596073 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathway engineering of Enterobacter aerogenes was attempted to improve its production capability of 2,3-butanediol from lignocellulosic biomass. In the medium containing glucose and xylose mixture as carbon sources, the gene deletion of pflB improved 2,3-butanediol carbon yield by 40%, while the deletion of ptsG increased xylose consumption rate significantly, improving the productivity at 12 hr by 70%. The constructed strain, EMY-22-galP, overexpressing glucose transporter (galP) in the triple gene knockout E. aerogenes, ldhA, pflB, and ptsG, provided the highest 2,3-butanediol titer and yield at 12 hr flask cultivation. Sugarcane bagasse was pretreated with green liquor, a solution containing Na2CO3 and Na2SO3 and was hydrolyzed by enzymes. The resulting hydrolysate was used as a carbon source for 2,3-butanediol production. After 72 hr in fermentation, the yield of 0.395g/g sugar was achieved, suggesting an economic production of 2,3-butanediol was possible from lignocellulosic biomass with the metabolically engineered strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyong Um
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Duck Gyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Moo-Young Jung
- CJ Research Institute of Biotechnology, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16495, South Korea
| | - Ganesh D Saratale
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi 10326, South Korea
| | - Min-Kyu Oh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
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Comparison of One-Stage Batch and Fed-Batch Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Pretreated Hardwood for the Production of Biosugar. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 184:1441-1452. [PMID: 29064030 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2633-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Fed-batch method has shown a great promise in debottlenecking the high-solid enzymatic hydrolysis for the commercialization of cellulosic biosugar conversion for biofuel/biochemical production. To further improve enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency at high solid loading, fed-batch methods of green liquor-pretreated hardwood were performed to evaluate their effects on sugar recovery by comparing with one-stage batch method in this study. Among all the explored conditions, the fed-batch at 15% consistency gave higher sugar recovery on green liquor-pretreated hardwood compared to that of one-stage batch. By using general linear model analysis, the percentage of enzymatic sugar recovery in fed-batch consistency method (increasing consistency from the initial 10.7 to 15% at intervals of 24 and 48 h) was higher than that of batch hydrolysis at higher density of 15% consistency. Under that best fed-batch condition, the total sugar recovery of pretreated hardwood in enzymatic hydrolysate reached approximately 48.41% at Cellic® enzyme loading of 5 filter-paper unit (FPU)/g and 58.83% at Cellic® enzyme loading of 10 FPU/g with a hydrolysis time of 96 h.
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Enzymatic in situ saccharification of sugarcane bagasse pretreated with low loading of alkalic salts Na 2 SO 3 /Na 3 PO 4 by autoclaving. J Biotechnol 2017; 259:73-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Chong GG, He YC, Liu QX, Kou XQ, Huang XJ, Di JH, Ma CL. Effective enzymatic in situ saccharification of bamboo shoot shell pretreated by dilute alkalic salts sodium hypochlorite/sodium sulfide pretreatment under the autoclave system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 241:726-734. [PMID: 28628976 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, dilute alkali salts (0.6% NaClO, 0.067% Na2S) pretreatment at 10% sulfidity under the autoclave system at 120°C for 40min was used for pretreating bamboo shoot shell (BSS). Furthermore, FT-IR, XRD and SEM were employed to characterize the changes in the cellulose structural characteristics (porosity, morphology, and crystallinity) of the pretreated BSS solid residue. After 72h, the reducing sugars and glucose from the enzymatic in situ hydrolysis of 50g/L pretreated BSS in dilute NaClO/Na2S media could be obtained at 31.11 and 20.32g/L, respectively. Finally, the obtained BSS-hydrolysates containing alkalic salt NaClO/Na2S resulted in slightly negative effects on the ethanol production. Glucose in BSS-hydrolysates was fermented from 20.0 to 0.17g/L within 48h, and an ethanol yield of 0.41g/g glucose, which represents 80.1% of the theoretical yield, was obtained. This study provided an effective strategy for potential utilization of BSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Gang Chong
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yu-Cai He
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China; Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qiu-Xiang Liu
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Kou
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hua Di
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Cui-Luan Ma
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
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Huang C, Lai C, Wu X, Huang Y, He J, Huang C, Li X, Yong Q. An integrated process to produce bio-ethanol and xylooligosaccharides rich in xylobiose and xylotriose from high ash content waste wheat straw. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 241:228-235. [PMID: 28570888 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A bio-refinery process of wheat straw pulping solid residue (waste wheat straw, WWS) was established by combining prewashing and liquid hot water pretreatment (LHWP). The results showed that employing a prewashing step prior to the LHWP remarkably improved enzymatic glucose yields from 39.7% to 76.6%. Moreover, after 96h simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), identical ethanol yields of 0.41g/g-cellulose were obtained despite varied solid loadings (5-30%). Beyond ethanol, enzymatic post-hydrolysis of the prehydrolyzate effectively increased xylobiose and xylotriose yields from 15mg/g-WWS and 14mg/g-WWS to 53mg/g-WWS and 20mg/g-WWS, respectively. For mass balance, about 10.9tons raw WWS will be consumed to produce 1ton ethanol, in addition to producing 614.8kg xylooligosaccharides (XOS) containing 334.3kg xylobiose and 124.8kg xylotriose. The results demonstrated that the integrated process for the WWS bio-refinery is promising, based on value-adding co-production in addition to robust ethanol yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chenhuan Lai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xinxing Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yang Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Juan He
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Caoxing Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qiang Yong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Du L, Wang J, Zhang Y, Qi C, Wolcott MP, Yu Z. A co-production of sugars, lignosulfonates, cellulose, and cellulose nanocrystals from ball-milled woods. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 238:254-262. [PMID: 28437643 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrated the technical potential for the large-scale co-production of sugars, lignosulfonates, cellulose, and cellulose nanocrystals. Ball-milled woods with two particle sizes were prepared by ball milling for 80min or 120min (BMW80, BMW120) and then enzymatically hydrolyzed. 78.3% cellulose conversion of BMW120 was achieved, which was three times as high as the conversion of BMW80. The hydrolyzed residues (HRs) were neutrally sulfonated cooking. 57.72g/L and 88.16g/L lignosulfonate concentration, respectively, were harvested from HR80 and HR120, and 42.6±0.5% lignin were removed. The subsequent solid residuals were purified to produce cellulose and then this material was acid-hydrolyzed to produce cellulose nanocrystals. The BMW120 maintained smaller particle size and aspect ratio during each step of during the multiple processes, while the average aspect ratio of its cellulose nanocrystals was larger. The crystallinity of both materials increased with each step of wet processing, reaching to 74% for the cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxing Du
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Jinwu Wang
- Forest Products Laboratory, US Forest Service, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chusheng Qi
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Michael P Wolcott
- Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Zhiming Yu
- College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Qing Q, Zhou L, Guo Q, Gao X, Zhang Y, He Y, Zhang Y. Mild alkaline presoaking and organosolv pretreatment of corn stover and their impacts on corn stover composition, structure, and digestibility. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 233:284-290. [PMID: 28285219 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An efficient strategy was developed in current work for biochemical conversion of carbohydrates of corn stover into monosaccharides. Corn stover was first presoaked in mild alkaline solution (1% Na2S) under 40°C for 4h, after which about 35.3% of the lignin was successfully removed while the specific surface area was notably enlarged. Then the presoaked solids were subjected to organosolv pretreatment that employed 20% methanol with an addition of 0.2% HCl as catalyst at 160°C for 20min, and the maximum total sugar yield of the pretreated corn stover achieved was 98.6%. The intact structure of corn stover was disrupted by this two-step process, which resulted in a porous but crystalline structure of the regenerated solids that were mainly composed of cellulose. The enlarged specific surface area and increased accessibility made the regenerated solids highly digestible by a moderate enzyme loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Qing
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linlin Zhou
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohang Gao
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yucai He
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China.
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Qing Q, Zhou L, Guo Q, Huang M, He Y, Wang L, Zhang Y. A combined sodium phosphate and sodium sulfide pretreatment for enhanced enzymatic digestibility and delignification of corn stover. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:209-216. [PMID: 27371793 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Na3PO4 and Na2S were employed as efficient alkaline catalysts for the pretreatment of corn stover. To systematically obtain optimal conditions, the effects of critical pretreatment parameters including sodium phosphate concentration (1-4%), sulfidity (0-20%), pretreatment temperature (100-120°C), and reaction time (20-60min) on the reducing sugar yield of pretreated substrates were evaluated in a lab-scale using the response surface methodology. Pretreated under the sodium phosphate concentration of 4%, sulfidity of 10%, temperature of 120°C, and reaction time of 40min, the reducing sugar yield and glucose yield of the pretreated corn stover achieved 91.11% and 64.01%, respectively, with a moderate enzyme loading of 30FPU/g substrate. Additionally, a strong correlation (R(2)=0.971 and R(2)=0.954) between the delignification and the reducing sugar yield (or glucose yield) was observed by this pretreatment method. These results evidently support that the combined Na3PO4-Na2S pretreatment is an effective and feasible method for processing lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Qing
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linlin Zhou
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meizi Huang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yucai He
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liqun Wang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China.
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Review of Alkali-Based Pretreatment To Enhance Enzymatic Saccharification for Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b01907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Ji L, Zheng T, Zhao P, Zhang W, Jiang J. Ethanol production from a biomass mixture of furfural residues with green liquor-peroxide saccarified cassava liquid. BMC Biotechnol 2016; 16:48. [PMID: 27245838 PMCID: PMC4888419 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-016-0278-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the most abundant renewable resources, lignocellulosic materials are ideal candidates as alternative feedstock for bioethanol production. Cassava residues (CR) are byproducts of the cassava starch industry which can be mixed with lignocellulosic materials for ethanol production. The presence of lignin in lignocellulosic substrates can inhibit saccharification by reducing the cellulase activity. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of furfural residues (FR) pretreated with green liquor and hydrogen peroxide (GL-H2O2) with CR saccharification liquid was investigated. The final ethanol concentration, yield, initial rate, number of live yeast cells, and the dead yeast ratio were compared to evaluate the effectiveness of combining delignificated lignocellulosic substrates and starchy substrates for ethanol production. RESULTS Our results indicate that 42.0 % of FR lignin removal was achieved on FR using of 0.06 g H2O2/g-substrate and 9 mL GL/g-substrate at 80 °C. The highest overall ethanol yield was 93.6 % of the theoretical. When the ratio of 0.06 g/g-H2O2-GL-pretreated FR to CR was 5:1, the ethanol concentration was the same with that ratio of untreated FR to CR of 1:1. Using 0.06 g/g-H2O2-GL-pretreated FR with CR at a ratio of 2:1 resulted in 51.9 g/L ethanol concentration. Moreover, FR pretreated with GL-H2O2 decreased the concentration of byproducts in SSF compared with that obtained in the previous study. CONCLUSIONS The lignin in FR would inhibit enzyme activity and GL-H2O2 is an advantageous pretreatment method to treat FR and high intensity of FR pretreatment increased the final ethanol concentration. The efficiency of ethanol fermentation of was improved when delignification increased. GL-H2O2 is an advantageous pretreatment method to treat FR. As the pretreatment dosage of GL-H2O2 on FR increased, the proportion of lignocellulosic substrates was enhanced in the SSF of the substrate mixture of CR and FR as compared with untreated FR. Moreover, the final ethanol concentration was increased with a high ethanol yield and lower byproduct concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ji
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tianran Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Pengxiang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.,State Grid Energy Conservation Service CO., LTD. Beijing Biomass Energy Technology Center, Beijing, 100052, China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Nanjing Institute for the Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plant, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China. .,, No. 35 East Qinghua Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
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Saratale GD, Jung MY, Oh MK. Reutilization of green liquor chemicals for pretreatment of whole rice waste biomass and its application to 2,3-butanediol production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 205:90-6. [PMID: 26820921 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The performance of green liquor pretreatment using Na2CO3 and Na2SO3 and its optimization for whole rice waste biomass (RWB) was investigated. Incubation of Na2CO3-Na2SO3 at a 1:1 ratio (chemical charge 10%) for 12% RWB at 100°C for 6h resulted in maximum delignification (58.2%) with significant glucan yield (88%) and total sugar recovery (545mg/g of RWB) after enzymatic hydrolysis. Recovery and reusability of the resulting chemical spent wash were evaluated to treat RWB along with its compatibility for enzymatic digestibility. Significant hydrolysis and lignin removal were observed for up to three cycles; however, further reuse of Na2CO3 and Na2SO3 lowered their performance. Significant 2,3-butanediol (BDO) was produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae KMK-05 with the RWB enzymatic hydrolysate from each pretreatment cycle. BDO yield achieved using RWB-derived sugars was similar to those using laboratory-grade sugars. This pretreatment strategy constitutes an ecofriendly, cost-effective, and practical method for utilizing lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh D Saratale
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Moo-Young Jung
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Min-Kyu Oh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea.
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Sun S, Sun S, Cao X, Sun R. The role of pretreatment in improving the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 199:49-58. [PMID: 26321216 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic materials are among the most promising alternative energy resources that can be utilized to produce cellulosic ethanol. However, the physical and chemical structure of lignocellulosic materials forms strong native recalcitrance and results in relatively low yield of ethanol from raw lignocellulosic materials. An appropriate pretreatment method is required to overcome this recalcitrance. For decades various pretreatment processes have been developed to improve the digestibility of lignocellulosic biomass. Each pretreatment process has a different specificity on altering the physical and chemical structure of lignocellulosic materials. In this paper, the chemical structure of lignocellulosic biomass and factors likely affect the digestibility of lignocellulosic materials are discussed, and then an overview about the most important pretreatment processes available are provided. In particular, the combined pretreatment strategies are reviewed for improving the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose and realizing the comprehensive utilization of lignocellulosic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shaolong Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xuefei Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Runcang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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28
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Putro JN, Soetaredjo FE, Lin SY, Ju YH, Ismadji S. Pretreatment and conversion of lignocellulose biomass into valuable chemicals. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09851g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulose biomass can be utilized in many sectors of industry such as energy, chemical, and transportation. However, pretreatment is needed to break down the intricate bonding before converting it into wanted product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindrayani Nyoo Putro
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Felycia Edi Soetaredjo
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University
- Surabaya 60114
- Indonesia
| | - Shi-Yow Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsu Ju
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607
- Taiwan
| | - Suryadi Ismadji
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University
- Surabaya 60114
- Indonesia
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29
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Jiang B, Wang W, Gu F, Cao T, Jin Y. Comparison of the substrate enzymatic digestibility and lignin structure of wheat straw stems and leaves pretreated by green liquor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 199:181-187. [PMID: 26342786 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the substrate enzymatic digestibility (SED) and the lignin structure of green liquor (GL) pretreated wheat straw stems and leaves were investigated. Compared with wheat straw stems, leaves showed higher delignification selectivity in GL pretreatment and higher SED in enzymatic hydrolysis. Wet chemical analysis indicated that, characterized with lower content of syringyl units and less β-O-4 linkages, leaf lignin is structurally different from stem lignin. After GL pretreatment, the drops of both nitrobenzene oxidation and ozonation products yield of leaves were obviously higher than those of stems, which means that more β-O-4 linkages of leaf lignin were broken than that of stem lignin. The SED of total sugar in GL-pretreated leaves was about 50% higher than that in GL-pretreated stems. The less content and lower S/G ratio of lignin are suggested to be the important factors for the better SED of GL-pretreated leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wangxia Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Feng Gu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Tingyue Cao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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30
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Huang C, He J, Wang Y, Min D, Yong Q. Associating cooking additives with sodium hydroxide to pretreat bamboo residues for improving the enzymatic saccharification and monosaccharides production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 193:142-149. [PMID: 26133470 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cooking additive pulping technique is used in kraft mill to increase delignification degree and pulp yield. In this work, cooking additives were firstly applied in the sodium hydroxide pretreatment for improving the bioconversion of bamboo residues to monosaccharides. Meanwhile, steam explosion and sulfuric acid pretreatments were also carried out on the sample to compare their impacts on monosaccharides production. Results indicated that associating anthraquinone with sodium hydroxide pretreatment showed the best performance in improving the original carbohydrates recovery, delignification, enzymatic saccharification, and monosaccharides production. After consecutive pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification process, 347.49 g, 307.48 g, 142.93 g, and 87.15 g of monosaccharides were released from 1000 g dry bamboo residues pretreated by sodium hydroxide associating with anthraquinone, sodium hydroxide, steam explosion and sulfuric acid, respectively. The results suggested that associating cooking additive with sodium hydroxide is an effective pretreatment for bamboo residues to enhance enzymatic saccharification for monosaccharides production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caoxing Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Juan He
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Douyong Min
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qiang Yong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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31
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Huang C, He J, Li X, Min D, Yong Q. Facilitating the enzymatic saccharification of pulped bamboo residues by degrading the remained xylan and lignin-carbohydrates complexes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 192:471-7. [PMID: 26080104 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Kraft pulping was performed on bamboo residues and its impact on the chemical compositions and the enzymatic digestibility of the samples were investigated. To improve the digestibility of sample by degrading the xylan and lignin-carbohydrates complexes (LCCs), xylanase and α-L-arabinofuranosidase (AF) were supplemented with cellulase. The results showed more carbohydrates were remained in the samples pulped with low effective alkali (EA) charge, compared to conventional kraft pulping. When 120 IU/g xylanase and 15 IU/g AF were supplemented with 20 FPU/g cellulase, the xylan degradation yield of the sample pulped with 12% EA charge increased from 68.20% to 88.35%, resulting in an increased enzymatic saccharification efficiency from 58.98% to 83.23%. The amount of LCCs in this sample decreased from 8.63/100C9 to 2.99/100C9 after saccharification with these enzymes. The results indicated that degrading the remained xylan and LCCs in the pulp could improve its enzymatic digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caoxing Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Juan He
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Douyong Min
- College of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qiang Yong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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32
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Wang W, Zhu Y, Du J, Yang Y, Jin Y. Influence of lignin addition on the enzymatic digestibility of pretreated lignocellulosic biomasses. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 181:7-12. [PMID: 25625461 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The presence of lignin in lignocellulosic biomass is correlated with its enzymatic digestibility. Their correlation and mechanism have been investigated widely but have not been elucidated clearly. In this study, hydrophilic sulfonated lignin and hydrophobic kraft lignin were introduced into the enzymatic hydrolysis process to investigate their effects on the enzymatic digestibility of different pretreated lignocellulose. The influence of lignin addition on the enzymatic digestibility varied with both introduced lignin type and the pretreatment methods of substrates. Slight enhancement of enzymatic hydrolysis was observed for all substrates by adding kraft lignin. The addition of sulfonated lignin could effectively improve the enzymatic digestibility of green liquor and acidic bisulfite pretreated materials, but had little effect on sulfite-formaldehyde pretreated samples. The enzymatic digestibility of green liquor pretreated masson pine increased from 42% without lignin addition to 75% with 0.3g/g-substrate sulfonated lignin addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangxia Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yangsu Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jing Du
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yiqin Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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33
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Liu H, Pang B, Wang H, Li H, Lu J, Niu M. Optimization of alkaline sulfite pretreatment and comparative study with sodium hydroxide pretreatment for improving enzymatic digestibility of corn stover. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:3229-34. [PMID: 25773993 DOI: 10.1021/jf505433q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, alkaline sulfite pretreatment of corn stover was optimized. The influences of pretreatments on solid yield, delignification, and carbohydrate recovery under different pretreatment conditions and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis were investigated. The effect of pretreatment was evaluated by enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and the total sugar yield. The optimum pretreatment conditions were obtained, as follows: the total titratable alkali (TTA) of 12%, liquid/solid ratio of 6:1, temperature of 140 °C, and holding time of 20 min. Under those conditions, the solid yield was 55.24%, and the removal of lignin was 82.68%. Enzymatic hydrolysis rates of glucan and xylan for pretreated corn stover were 85.38% and 70.36%, and the total sugar yield was 74.73% at cellulase loading of 20 FPU/g and β-glucosidase loading of 10 IU/g for 48 h. Compared with sodium hydroxide pretreatment with the same amount of total titratable alkali, the total sugar yield was raised by about 10.43%. Additionally, the corn stover pretreated under the optimum pretreatment conditions was beaten by PFI at 1500 revolutions. After beating, enzymatic hydrolysis rates of glucan and xylan were 89.74% and 74.06%, and the total sugar yield was 78.58% at the same enzymatic hydrolysis conditions. Compared with 1500 rpm of PFI beating after sodium pretreatment with the same amount of total titratable alkali, the total sugar yield was raised by about 14.05%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- †Liaoning Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034 Liaoning, China
- §CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101 Shandong, China
| | - Bo Pang
- §CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101 Shandong, China
| | - Haisong Wang
- †Liaoning Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034 Liaoning, China
- §CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101 Shandong, China
| | - Haiming Li
- †Liaoning Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034 Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Lu
- †Liaoning Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034 Liaoning, China
| | - Meihong Niu
- †Liaoning Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034 Liaoning, China
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34
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Geng W, Huang T, Jin Y, Song J, Chang HM, Jameel H. Comparison of sodium carbonate-oxygen and sodium hydroxide-oxygen pretreatments on the chemical composition and enzymatic saccharification of wheat straw. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 161:63-68. [PMID: 24686372 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Pretreatment of wheat straw with a combination of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with oxygen (O2) 0.5MPa was evaluated for its delignification ability at relatively low temperature 110°C and for its effect on enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency. In the pretreatment, the increase of alkali charge (as Na2O) up to 12% for Na2CO3 and 6% for NaOH, respectively, resulted in enhancement of lignin removal, but did not significantly degrade cellulose and hemicellulose. When the pretreated solid was hydrolyzed with a mixture of cellulases and hemicellulases, the sugar yield increased rapidly with the lignin removal during the pretreatment. A total sugar yield based on dry matter of raw material, 63.8% for Na2CO3-O2 and 71.9% for NaOH-O2 was achieved under a cellulase loading of 20FPU/g-cellulose. The delignification efficiency and total sugar yield from enzymatic hydrolysis were comparable to the previously reported results at much higher temperature without oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Geng
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Ting Huang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Junlong Song
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Hou-Min Chang
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Hasan Jameel
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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35
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Gu F, Wang W, Jing L, Jin Y. Effects of green liquor pretreatment on the chemical composition and enzymatic digestibility of rice straw. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 149:375-382. [PMID: 24128400 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Green liquor (Na2S+Na2CO3, GL) pretreatment is a proven pathway to improve the enzymatic saccharification for the production of bioethanol. In this work, the effects of GL pretreatment on the chemical composition and enzymatic digestibility of rice straw at various total titratable alkali (TTA) charge and temperature were investigated. The GL pretreatment showed excellent performance in high polysaccharides retention and delignification selectivity. Under the optimized GL pretreatment condition (4% TTA charge, 20% sulfidity and 140°C), 92.5% of glucan, 82.4% of xylan and 81.6% of arabinan in rice straw were recovered with a delignification of 39.4%. The maximum sugar yields of 83.9%, 69.6% and 78.0%, respectively for glucan, xylan and total sugar, were achieved at the same GL pretreatment condition with an enzyme loading of 40 FPU/g-substrate. The results suggested that GL pretreatment is a practicable method for rice straw to enhance enzymatic saccharification for bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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36
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Ertas M, Han Q, Jameel H, Chang HM. Enzymatic hydrolysis of autohydrolyzed wheat straw followed by refining to produce fermentable sugars. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 152:259-66. [PMID: 24300844 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Wheat straw was pretreated using an autohydrolysis process with different temperatures (160-200 °C) and times (10-20 min) in order to allow the recovery of hemicellulose in the filtrate and help open up the structure of the biomass for improved accessibility of enzymes during enzymatic hydrolysis. Autohydrolysis at 190 °C for 10 min provided the highest overall sugar (12.2/100g raw wheat straw) in the autohydrolysis filtrate and recovered 62.3% of solid residue. Before enzymatic hydrolysis, the pulps obtained from each pretreatment condition were subjected to a refining post-treatment to improve enzyme accessibility. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed for all the pretreated solids with and without refining post-treatment at the enzyme loadings of 4 and 10 FPU/g oven dry substrate for 96 h. A total of 30.4 g sugars can be recovered from 100g wheat straw at 180 °C for 20 min with 4 FPU/g enzyme charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Ertas
- Department of Forest Industry Engineering, Bursa Technical University, 16200 Bursa, Turkey.
| | - Qiang Han
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, USA
| | - Hasan Jameel
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, USA
| | - Hou-min Chang
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC 27695-8005, USA
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37
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Yu HL, Tang Y, Xing Y, Zhu LW, Jiang JX. Improvement of the enzymatic hydrolysis of furfural residues by pretreatment with combined green liquor and hydrogen peroxide. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 147:29-36. [PMID: 23985372 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A potential commercial pretreatment for furfural residues (FRs) was investigated by using a combination of green liquor and hydrogen peroxide (GL-H2O2). The results showed that 56.2% of lignin removal was achieved when the sample was treated with 0.6 g H2O2/g-DS (dry substrate) and 6 mL GL/g-DS at 80 °C for 3 h. After 96 h hydrolysis with 18 FPU/g-cellulose for cellulase, 27 CBU/g-cellulose for β-glucosidase, the glucose yield increased from 71.2% to 83.6%. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was used to reduce the degradation of H2O2, the glucose yield increased to 90.4% after the addition of 1% (w/w). The untreated FRs could bind more easily to cellulase than pretreated FRs could. The structural changes on the surface of sample were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicated that the surface lignin could be effectively removed during pretreatment, thereby decreasing the enzyme-lignin binding activity. Moreover, the carbonyl from lignin plays an important role in cellulase binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Long Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; GuangXi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Yang Xing
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Li-Wei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jian-Xin Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; GuangXi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Nanning 530006, China.
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38
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Gu F, Wang W, Jing L, Jin Y. Sulfite-formaldehyde pretreatment on rice straw for the improvement of enzymatic saccharification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 142:218-224. [PMID: 23743425 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.04.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Rice straw is one of the most abundant agricultural residues in China. It is considered as a promising raw material for bioethanol production. In this work, rice straw was pretreated by sodium sulfite-formaldehyde (SF) for improving enzymatic saccharification. The SF pretreatment, using proven technology and industrialized equipment, showed efficient delignification selectivity and high carbohydrates retention in pretreated solid. The highest sugar yields of 79.0%, 88.8% and 71.1% for total sugar, glucan and xylan, respectively were obtained at an enzyme loading of 40 FPU/g-substrate after the raw material pretreated with 12% sodium sulfite at 160°C. About 75% of lignin was dissolved in pretreatment spent liquor and 78% of silica was retained in the residue of enzymatic hydrolysis. The results proved sulfite-formaldehyde as a promising pretreatment for the production of bioethanol as well as potential high value added by-products of silica nanoparticles and lignosulfonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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39
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Jin Y, Huang T, Geng W, Yang L. Comparison of sodium carbonate pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw stem and leaf to produce fermentable sugars. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 137:294-301. [PMID: 23587832 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The specific characteristics of biomass structure and chemical composition of straw stem and leaf may result in different behavior of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. In this work, sodium carbonate (SC) was employed as a pretreatment to improve the enzymatic digestibility of wheat straw. The chemical composition and enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw stem and leaf (sheath included) were investigated comparatively. Most of the polysaccharides are kept in the solid fractions after SC pretreatment, while the stem has better delignification selectivity than leaf at high temperature. The enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of wheat straw leaf is significantly higher than that of stem. The maximum total sugar yield from SC pretreated leaf was about 16% higher than stem. The results show that sodium carbonate is of great potential to be used as a pretreatment for the production of bioethanol from straw handling waste in a straw pulp mill with a low feedstock cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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40
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Liu C, Xiao L, Jiang J, Wang W, Gu F, Song D, Yi Z, Jin Y, Li L. Biomass properties from different
Miscanthus
species. Food Energy Secur 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 300 Fenglin Rd Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Liang Xiao
- Department of Biotechnology Hunan Agricultural University Hunan Changsha 410128 China
| | - Jianxiong Jiang
- Department of Biotechnology Hunan Agricultural University Hunan Changsha 410128 China
| | - Wangxia Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Feng Gu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Dongliang Song
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 300 Fenglin Rd Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Zili Yi
- Department of Biotechnology Hunan Agricultural University Hunan Changsha 410128 China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Laigeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 300 Fenglin Rd Shanghai 200032 China
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