1
|
Zhang T, Tian S, Gao Z, Li Y, Jia H. Engineering an Ancestral Glycosyltransferase for Biosynthesis of 2-Phenylethyl-β-d-Glucopyranoside and Salidroside. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:19966-19976. [PMID: 39189841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) are naturally occurring glycosides derived from plants with various biological activities. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the production of PhGs from phenylethanols via a transglycosylation reaction. The low activity and stability of glycosyltransferase limit its industrial application. An ancestral glycosyltransferase, UGTAn85, with heat resistance, alkali resistance, and high stability was resurrected using ancestral sequence reconstruction technology. This enzyme can efficiently convert phenylethanols to PhGs. The optimal reaction temperature and pH for UGTAn85 were found to be 70 °C and pH 10.0, respectively. This study employed a combination of structure-guided rational design and co-evolution analysis to enhance its catalytic activity. Potential mutation sites were identified through computer-aided design, including homology modeling, molecular docking, Rosetta dock design, molecular dynamics simulation, and co-evolution analysis. By targeted mutagenesis, the UGTAn85 mutant Q23E/N65D exhibited a 2.2-fold increase in enzyme activity (11.85 U/mg) and elevated affinity (Km = 0.11 mM) for 2-phenylethanol compared to UGTAn85. Following a fed-batch reaction, 36.16 g/L 2-phenylethyl-β-d-glucopyranoside and 51.49 g/L salidroside could be produced within 24 h, respectively. The findings in this study provide a new perspective on enhancing the stability and activity of glycosyltransferases, as well as a potential biocatalyst for the industrial production of PhGs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Shaowei Tian
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Honghua Jia
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tian Y, Xu W, Guang C, Zhang W, Mu W. Glycosylation of flavonoids by sucrose- and starch-utilizing glycoside hydrolases: A practical approach to enhance glycodiversification. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024; 64:7408-7425. [PMID: 36876518 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2185201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are ubiquitous and diverse in plants and inseparable from the human diet. However, in terms of human health, their further research and application in functional food and pharmaceutical industries are hindered by their low water solubility. Therefore, flavonoid glycosylation has recently attracted research attention because it can modulate the physicochemical and biochemical properties of flavonoids. This review represents a comprehensive overview of the O-glycosylation of flavonoids catalyzed by sucrose- and starch-utilizing glycoside hydrolases (GHs). The characteristics of this feasible biosynthesis approach are systematically summarized, including catalytic mechanism, specificity, reaction conditions, and yields of the enzymatic reaction, as well as the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of the product flavonoid glycosides. The cheap glycosyl donor substrates and high yields undoubtedly make it a practical flavonoid modification approach to enhance glycodiversification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cuie Guang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kotik M, Kulik N, Valentová K. Flavonoids as Aglycones in Retaining Glycosidase-Catalyzed Reactions: Prospects for Green Chemistry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14890-14910. [PMID: 37800688 PMCID: PMC10591481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids and their glycosides are abundant in many plant-based foods. The (de)glycosylation of flavonoids by retaining glycoside hydrolases has recently attracted much interest in basic and applied research, including the possibility of altering the glycosylation pattern of flavonoids. Research in this area is driven by significant differences in physicochemical, organoleptic, and bioactive properties between flavonoid aglycones and their glycosylated counterparts. While many flavonoid glycosides are present in nature at low levels, some occur in substantial quantities, making them readily available low-cost glycosyl donors for transglycosylations. Retaining glycosidases can be used to synthesize natural and novel glycosides, which serve as standards for bioactivity experiments and analyses, using flavonoid glycosides as glycosyl donors. Engineered glycosidases also prove valuable for the synthesis of flavonoid glycosides using chemically synthesized activated glycosyl donors. This review outlines the bioactivities of flavonoids and their glycosides and highlights the applications of retaining glycosidases in the context of flavonoid glycosides, acting as substrates, products, or glycosyl donors in deglycosylation or transglycosylation reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kotik
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14200 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Kulik
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14200 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14200 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu T, Fan Z, Lou J, Du Q, Kong Y, Lu Y, Wu X. Enzymatic synthesis of vitexin glycosides and their activity. RSC Adv 2022; 12:23839-23844. [PMID: 36093238 PMCID: PMC9396635 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04408k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitexin is an active component of many traditional chinese medicines, and is found in various plants. The low solubility of vitexin limits its pharmaceutical usage. In this study, solvent-stable β-fructosidase was used to glycosylate vitexin in organic solvents. The β-fructosidase showed high activity and stability in 30-80% (v/v) ethyl acetate with 90-99% yields of vitexin glycosides. Highly efficient synthesis of β-d-fructofuranosyl-(2→6)-vitexin (1.04 g L-1) and β-d-difructofuranosyl-(2→6)-vitexin (0.45 g L-1) was attained in 50% (v/v) ethyl acetate solvent system from 1.5 g L-1 vitexin. Two novel vitexin glycosides showed higher anti-tumor activities compared to that of vitexin by employing a human breast cancer cytotoxicity assay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Ziyun Fan
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Junqiao Lou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Qi Du
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yue Kong
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yujia Lu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xueming Wu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chu J, Tian Y, Li Q, Liu G, Yu Q, Jiang T, He B. Engineering the β-Fructofuranosidase Fru6 with Promoted Transfructosylating Capacity for Fructooligosaccharide Production. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:9694-9702. [PMID: 35900332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Levan-type fructooligosaccharides (FOS) exhibit enhanced health-promoting prebiotic effects on gut microbiota. The wild type (WT) of β-fructofuranosidase Fru6 could mainly yield 6-ketose. Semirational design and mutagenesis of Fru6 were exploited to promote the transfructosylating capacity for FOS. The promising variants not only improved the formation of 6-kestose but also newly produced tetrasaccharides of 6,6-nystose and 1,6-nystose (a new type of FOS), and combinatorial mutation boosted the production of 6-kestose and tetrasaccharides (39.9 g/L 6,6-nystose and 4.6 g/L 1,6-nystose). Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation confirmed that the mutated positions reshaped the pocket of Fru6 to accommodate bulky 6-kestose in a reactive conformation with better accessibility for tetrasaccharides formation. Using favored conditions, the variant S165A/H357A could yield 6-kestose up to 335 g/L, and tetrasaccharides (6,6-nystose and 1,6-nystose) reached a high level of 121.1 g/L (134.5 times of the mutant S423A). The β-(2,6)-linked FOS may show the potential application for the prebiotic ingredients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Chu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing211800, China
| | - Yani Tian
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing211800, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing211800, China
| | - Gaofei Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing211800, China
| | - Qi Yu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing211800, China
| | - Tianyue Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing211800, China
| | - Bingfang He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhunan Road, Jiangbei New Area, Nanjing211800, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cao JN, Wang WH, Qu YJ, Xue GL, Wei ZY, Liu JQ, Han HY, Zhang S, Song P. Biosynthesis and evaluation of a novel highly water-soluble quercetin glycoside derivative. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2022; 24:754-760. [PMID: 34647847 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2021.1981875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin (1) was converted into quercetin 7-O-succinyl glucoside (2) by used Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FJ18 as a solvent-resistant whole-cell biocatalyst. The structure of the new compound was confirmed by LC-MS analysis and NMR spectroscopy. The water-solubility of this novel quercetin 7-O-succinyl glucoside (2) was approximately 1000 times higher than that of native quercetin (2). Quercetin (1) and quercetin 7-O-succinyl glucoside (2) exhibited significant DPPH scavenging capacity with IC50 values of 23.55 and 36.05 µM, respectively. Both compounds showed moderate cytotoxic effects against the two human cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and HepG2) with IC50 values ranging from 39.45-63.38 µM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Nan Cao
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Collaboration Innovation Center of Chinese Medical Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wen-Hui Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan-Jun Qu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guo-Li Xue
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhi-Yun Wei
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jia-Qi Liu
- Jiangsu Collaboration Innovation Center of Chinese Medical Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hui-Ying Han
- Jiangsu Collaboration Innovation Center of Chinese Medical Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaboration Innovation Center of Chinese Medical Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Song
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Enzymatic Synthesis of Novel and Highly Soluble Puerarin Glucoside by Deinococcus geothermalis Amylosucrase. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134074. [PMID: 35807322 PMCID: PMC9268652 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Puerarin (daidzein-8-C-glucoside) is an isoflavone isolated from several leguminous plants of the genus Pueraria. Puerarin possesses several pharmacological properties; however, the poor solubility of puerarin limits its applications. To resolve this poor solubility, Deinococcus geothermalis amylosucrase (DgAS) was used to modify puerarin into more soluble derivatives. The results showed that DgAS could biotransform puerarin into a novel compound: puerarin-4′-O-α-glucoside. The biotransformation reaction was manipulated at different temperatures, pH values, sucrose concentrations, reaction times, and enzyme concentrations. The results showed that the optimal reaction condition was biotransformed by 200 μg/mL DgAS with 20% (w/v) sucrose at pH 6 and incubated at 40 °C for 48 h, and the optimal production yield was 35.1%. Puerarin-4′-O-α-glucoside showed 129-fold higher solubility than that of puerarin and, thus, could be further applied for pharmacological use in the future.
Collapse
|
8
|
Lorthongpanich N, Mahalapbutr P, Rungrotmongkol T, Charoenwongpaiboon T, Prousoontorn MH. Fisetin glycosides synthesized by cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from Paenibacillus sp. RB01: characterization, molecular docking, and antioxidant activity. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13467. [PMID: 35637717 PMCID: PMC9147316 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Fisetin is a flavonoid that exhibits high antioxidant activity and is widely employed in the pharmacological industries. However, the application of fisetin is limited due to its low water solubility. In this study, glycoside derivatives of fisetin were synthesized by an enzymatic reaction using cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) from Paenibacillus sp. RB01 in order to improve the water solubility of fisetin. Under optimal conditions, CGTase was able to convert more than 400 mg/L of fisetin to its glycoside derivatives, which is significantly higher than the previous biosynthesis using engineered E. coli. Product characterization by HPLC and LC-MS/MS revealed that the transglycosylated products consisted of at least five fisetin glycoside derivatives, including fisetin mono-, di- and triglucosides, as well as their isomers. Enzymatic analysis by glucoamylase and α-glucosidase showed that these fisetin glycosides were formed by α-1,4-glycosidic linkages. Molecular docking demonstrated that there are two possible binding modes of fisetin in the enzyme active site containing CGTase-glysosyl intermediate, in which O7 and O4' atoms of fisetin positioned close to the C1 of glycoside donor, corresponding to the isomers of the obtained fisetin monoglucosides. In addition, the water solubility and the antioxidant activity of the fisetin monoglucosides were tested. It was found that their water solubility was increased at least 800 times when compared to that of their parent molecule while still maintaining the antioxidant activity. This study revealed the potential application of CGTase to improve the solubility of flavonoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Panupong Mahalapbutr
- Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,Structural and Computational Biology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for Hyperoside Biosynthesis. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030628. [PMID: 35336203 PMCID: PMC8949062 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperoside (quercetin 3-O-galactoside) exhibits many biological functions, along with higher bioactivities than quercetin. In this study, three UDP-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs) were screened for efficient hyperoside synthesis from quercetin. The highest hyperoside production of 58.5 mg·L−1 was obtained in a recombinant Escherichia coli co-expressing UGT from Petunia hybrida (PhUGT) and UDP-glucose epimerase (GalE, a key enzyme catalyzing the conversion of UDP-glucose to UDP-galactose) from E. coli. When additional enzymes (phosphoglucomutase (Pgm) and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (GalU)) were introduced into the recombinant E. coli, the increased flux toward UDP-glucose synthesis led to enhanced UDP-galactose-derived hyperoside synthesis. The efficiency of the recombinant strain was further improved by increasing the copy number of the PhUGT, which is a limiting step in the bioconversion. Through the optimization of the fermentation conditions, the production of hyperoside increased from 245.6 to 411.2 mg·L−1. The production was also conducted using a substrate-fed batch fermentation, and the maximal hyperoside production was 831.6 mg·L−1, with a molar conversion ratio of 90.2% and a specific productivity of 27.7 mg·L−1·h−1 after 30 h of fermentation. The efficient hyperoside synthesis pathway described here can be used widely for the glycosylation of other flavonoids and bioactive substances.
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu T, Wang C, Jiang S, Yang T, Wu X. Glycosylation of luteolin in hydrophilic organic solvents and structure–antioxidant relationships of luteolin glycosides. RSC Adv 2022; 12:18232-18237. [PMID: 35800321 PMCID: PMC9214715 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03300c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
An effective approach was developed to biotransform luteolin glycosides in hydrophilic organic solvents. Bacillus cereus A46 cells showed high activity and stability in 5–20% (v/v) DMSO with 90–98% conversion rates of luteolin glycosides. Five glycosides of luteolin 7-O-β-glucoside, luteolin 4′-O-β-glucoside, luteolin 3′-O-β-glucoside, luteolin 7,3′-di-O-β-glucoside and luteolin 7,4′-di-O-β-glucoside were obtained. The addition of DMSO greatly promoted the solubility of luteolin and further regulated the formation of the main products from five luteolin glycosides to luteolin 7-O-β-glucoside (931.2 μM). Fourteen flavonoids and anthraquinones were used as tentative substrates. Glycosylation positions were located at the C-7, C-3′ or C4′ hydroxyl groups of flavonoids and C-5 hydroxyl group of anthraquinones. The 3′,4′-dihydroxy arrangement played the key role for the antioxidant activity of luteolin. Efficient glycosylation of luteolin in organic solvents and the structure–antioxidant relationships of luteolin glycosides were reported for the first time.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sijie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xueming Wu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Núñez-López G, Morel S, Hernández L, Musacchio A, Amaya-Delgado L, Gschaedler A, Remaud-Simeon M, Arrizon J. One-pot bi-enzymatic cascade synthesis of puerarin polyfructosides. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 247:116710. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
12
|
Glycosyl hydrolase catalyzed glycosylation in unconventional media. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:9523-9534. [PMID: 33034701 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10924-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The reversible hydrolytic property of glycosyl hydrolases (GHs) as well as their acceptance of aglycones other than water has provided the abilities of GHs in synthesizing glycosides. Together with desirable physiochemical properties of glycosides and their high commercial values, research interests have been aroused to investigate the synthetic other than the hydrolytic properties of GHs. On the other hand, just like the esterification processes catalyzed by lipases, GH synthetic effectiveness is strongly obstructed by water both thermodynamically and kinetically. Medium engineering by involving organic solvents can be a viable approach to alleviate the obstacles caused by water. However, as native hydrolyases function in water-enriched environments, most GHs display poor catalytic performance in the presence of organic solvents. Some GHs from thermophiles are more tolerant to organic solvents due to their robust folded structures with strong residue interactions. Other than native sources, immobilization, protein engineering, employment of surfactant, and lyophilization have been proved to enhance the GH stability from the native state, which opens up the possibilities for GHs to be employed in unconventional media as synthases. KEY POINTS: • Unconventional media enhance the synthetic ability but destabilize GHs. • Viable approaches are discussed to improve GH stability from the native state. • GHs robust in unconventional media can be valuable industrial synthases.
Collapse
|
13
|
Bao K, Chen TL, Zhang S, Huang ZZ, Huang YF, Huang ZH, Zhu YY, Wu QN, Duan JA, Zhang ZZ, Wu CJ, Ding QQ. A succinyl isoflavone identified in natto promotes anti-ischemic effects in the middle cerebral artery occlusion rats. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
|
14
|
Efficient Production Hyperoside from Quercetin in Escherichia coli Through Increasing UDP-Galactose Supply and Recycling of Resting Cell. Catal Letters 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
15
|
Mrudulakumari Vasudevan U, Lee EY. Flavonoids, terpenoids, and polyketide antibiotics: Role of glycosylation and biocatalytic tactics in engineering glycosylation. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 41:107550. [PMID: 32360984 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids, terpenoids, and polyketides are structurally diverse secondary metabolites used widely as pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. Most of these molecules exist in nature as glycosides, in which sugar residues act as a decisive factor in their architectural complexity and bioactivity. Engineering glycosylation through selective trimming or extension of the sugar residues in these molecules is a prerequisite to their commercial production as well to creating novel derivatives with specialized functions. Traditional chemical glycosylation methods are tedious and can offer only limited end-product diversity. New in vitro and in vivo biocatalytic tools have emerged as outstanding platforms for engineering glycosylation in these three classes of secondary metabolites to create a large repertoire of versatile glycoprofiles. As knowledge has increased about secondary metabolite-associated promiscuous glycosyltransferases and sugar biosynthetic machinery, along with phenomenal progress in combinatorial biosynthesis, reliable industrial production of unnatural secondary metabolites has gained momentum in recent years. This review highlights the significant role of sugar residues in naturally occurring flavonoids, terpenoids, and polyketide antibiotics. General biocatalytic tools used to alter the identity and pattern of sugar molecules are described, followed by a detailed illustration of diverse strategies used in the past decade to engineer glycosylation of these valuable metabolites, exemplified with commercialized products and patents. By addressing the challenges involved in current bio catalytic methods and considering the perspectives portrayed in this review, exceptional drugs, flavors, and aromas from these small molecules could come to dominate the natural-product industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu T, Wu X. Preparative separation of mangiferin glycosides by high speed counter current chromatography and comparison of their antioxidant and antitumor activities. RSC Adv 2020; 10:25780-25785. [PMID: 35518602 PMCID: PMC9055302 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04307a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangiferin, a xanthonoid with various bioactivities. The low solubility of mangiferin limits the use in pharmacological fields. In this study, high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was used to separate and purify mangiferin glycosides from the crude sample after enzymatic glycosylation of mangiferin. Two fructosyl mangiferin were successfully purified by HSCCC with a two-phase-solvent system composed of n-butanol–methanol–water (6 : 1 : 6, v/v). A total of 18 mg of mangiferin (I), 73 mg of β-d-fructofuranosyl-(2 → 6)-mangiferin (II), and 58 mg of β-d-difructofuranosyl-(2 → 6)-mangiferin (III) were obtained in one-step separation from 150 mg of the crude sample with purities of 99.2%, 98.7% and 98.9%, respectively. The chemical structures were identified by HRMS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and 2D NMR. Mangiferin glycosides showed higher antioxidant and antitumor activities compared to that of mangiferin by employing DPPH scavenging effect, reducing power and cytotoxicity assay. Therefore, these novel fructosyl mangiferin exhibit a great potential to be developed into new medicines. High-speed counter-current chromatography is an efficient method for separation of mangiferin glycosides from enzymatic glycosylation.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Xueming Wu
- School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing
- China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rha CS, Kim ER, Kim YJ, Jung YS, Kim DO, Park CS. Simple and Efficient Production of Highly Soluble Daidzin Glycosides by Amylosucrase from Deinococcus geothermalis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:12824-12832. [PMID: 31650839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Transglycosylation of amylosucrase from Deinococcus geothermalis (DGAS) was performed using daidzin (daidzein-7-O-glucoside). Unlike cyclodextrin glucanotransferase, DGAS led to the production of new daidzin glucosides with high conversion yields (89%). Structures of these daidzin glucosides (i.e., DA2 and DA3) were daidzein-7-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(4 → 1)-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (daidzin-4″-O-α-d-glucopyranoside) and daidzein-4'-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-7-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (daidzin-4',4″-O-α-d-diglucopyranoside), respectively. DA2 and DA3 showed increased solubility of 15.4 mM (127-fold) and 203.3 mM (1686-fold) compared with daidzin, respectively. Kinetic studies revealed Vmax of 1.0 μM/min and K'm of 175 μM for DA3 production based on nonlinear regression. DGAS exhibited substrate inhibition behavior at high sucrose concentrations (700-1500 mM). Taken together, these findings indicate that DGAS can attach a glucose unit to a free C4'-OH via an α-linkage and then produce highly water-soluble isoflavone glycosides with a simple donor, moderate reaction conditions, less waste production, and high yield compared with that observed using the existing processes and enzymes.
Collapse
|
18
|
Insight into the glycosylation and hydrolysis kinetics of alpha-glucosidase in the synthesis of glycosides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:9423-9432. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10205-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
19
|
Production of isoorientin and isovitexin from luteolin and apigenin using coupled catalysis of glycosyltransferase and sucrose synthase. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 190:601-615. [PMID: 31399929 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03112-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Isoorientin and isovitexin, kinds of flavone C-glycosides, exhibit a number of biological properties. In this work, The C-glucosyltransferase (Gt6CGT) gene from Gentiana triflora was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The optimal activity of Gt6CGT was at pH 7.5 and 50° C. The enzyme was stable over pH range of 6.5-9.0, and had a 1-h half-life at 50° C. The Vmax for luteolin and apigenin was 21.1 nmol/min/mg and 31.7 nmol/min/mg, while the Km was 0.21 mM and 0.22 mM, respectively. Then, we developed an environmentally safe and efficient method for isoorientin and isovitexin production using the coupled catalysis of Gt6CGT and Glycine max sucrose synthase (GmSUS). By optimizing coupled reaction conditions, the titer of isoorientin and isovitexin reached 3820 mg/L with a corresponding molar conversion of 94.7% and 3772 mg/L with a corresponding molar conversion of 97.1%, respectively. The maximum number of UDP-glucose regeneration cycles (RCmax) reached 28.4 for isoorientin and 29.1 for isovitexin. The coupled catalysis reported herein represents a promising method to meet industrial requirements for large-scale isoorientin and isovitexin production in the future. Graphical Abstract.
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang S, Xu S, Duan H, Zhu Z, Yang Z, Cao J, Zhao Y, Huang Z, Wu Q, Duan J. A novel, highly-water-soluble apigenin derivative provides neuroprotection following ischemia in male rats by regulating the ERK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 855:208-215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
21
|
Synergistic Catalysis of Glycosyltransferase and Sucrose Synthase to Produce Isoquercitrin Through Glycosylation of Quercetin. Chem Nat Compd 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-019-02712-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
22
|
Núñez-López G, Herrera-González A, Hernández L, Amaya-Delgado L, Sandoval G, Gschaedler A, Arrizon J, Remaud-Simeon M, Morel S. Fructosylation of phenolic compounds by levansucrase from Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 122:19-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
23
|
Slámová K, Kapešová J, Valentová K. "Sweet Flavonoids": Glycosidase-Catalyzed Modifications. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2126. [PMID: 30037103 PMCID: PMC6073497 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural flavonoids, especially in their glycosylated forms, are the most abundant phenolic compounds found in plants, fruit, and vegetables. They exhibit a large variety of beneficial physiological effects, which makes them generally interesting in a broad spectrum of scientific areas. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the modifications of the glycosidic parts of various flavonoids employing glycosidases, covering both selective trimming of the sugar moieties and glycosylation of flavonoid aglycones by natural and mutant glycosidases. Glycosylation of flavonoids strongly enhances their water solubility and thus increases their bioavailability. Antioxidant and most biological activities are usually less pronounced in glycosides, but some specific bioactivities are enhanced. The presence of l-rhamnose (6-deoxy-α-l-mannopyranose) in rhamnosides, rutinosides (rutin, hesperidin) and neohesperidosides (naringin) plays an important role in properties of flavonoid glycosides, which can be considered as "pro-drugs". The natural hydrolytic activity of glycosidases is widely employed in biotechnological deglycosylation processes producing respective aglycones or partially deglycosylated flavonoids. Moreover, deglycosylation is quite commonly used in the food industry aiming at the improvement of sensoric properties of beverages such as debittering of citrus juices or enhancement of wine aromas. Therefore, natural and mutant glycosidases are excellent tools for modifications of flavonoid glycosides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristýna Slámová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Kapešová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhao YX, Wang JJ, Zhang L, Zhang S, Su SL, Duan JA, Yao ZZ, Xu SK. Bioactive luteoloside produced by Myroides odoratimimus, solvent-tolerant bacterium form the rhizosphere of Lonicera japonica. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:3559-3562. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1481838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. X. Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, PR China
| | - J. J. Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, PR China
| | - L. Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, PR China
| | - S. Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, PR China
| | - S. L. Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, PR China
| | - J. A. Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, PR China
| | - Z. Z. Yao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, PR China
| | - S. K. Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang S, Li DD, Zeng F, Zhu ZH, Song P, Zhao M, Duan JA. Efficient biosynthesis, analysis, solubility and anti-bacterial activities of succinylglycosylated naringenin. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:1756-1760. [PMID: 29446976 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1431633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel water-soluble flavonoid with good anti-bacterial activities, naringenin-6″-succl-7-O-glucoside (7-SGN), was synthesised. It was biotransformed from naringenin by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FJ18 in aqueous miscible organic media, and characterised by LC-MS and NMR analysis. The solubility of 7-SGN in water was approximately 102 times higher than that of naringenin. These results demonstrated that both the water solubility and the anti-bacterial activity of 7-SGN were significantly improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Zhang
- a Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , PR China
| | - D D Li
- a Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , PR China
| | - F Zeng
- a Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Z H Zhu
- a Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , PR China
| | - P Song
- b State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering , Nanjing University of Technology , Nanjing , PR China
| | - M Zhao
- a Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , PR China
| | - J A Duan
- a Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , PR China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
A novel strategy to improve the aromatic alcohols tolerance of enzyme for preparative-scale synthesis of natural glycosides. CATAL COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2017.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
27
|
Pei J, Chen A, Zhao L, Cao F, Ding G, Xiao W. One-Pot Synthesis of Hyperoside by a Three-Enzyme Cascade Using a UDP-Galactose Regeneration System. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:6042-6048. [PMID: 28660766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Hyperoside exhibits many biological properties and is more soluble in water than quercetin. A uridine 5'-diphosphate (UDP) galactose regeneration system and one-pot synthesis of hyperoside was described herein. Glycine max sucrose synthase (GmSUS) was coupled with Escherichia coli UDP-galactose 4-epimerase (GalE) to regenerate UDP-galactose from sucrose and UDP. Petunia hybrida glycosyltransferase (PhUGT) with high activity toward quercetin was used to synthesize hyperoside via the UDP-galactose regeneration system. The important factors for optimal synergistic catalysis were determined. Through the use of a fed-batch operation, the final titer of hyperoside increased to 2134 mg/L, with a corresponding molar conversion of 92% and maximum number of UDP-galactose regeneration cycles (RCmax) of 18.4 under optimal conditions. Therefore, the method described herein for the regeneration of UDP-galactose from UDP and sucrose can be widely used for the glycosylation of flavonoids and other bioactive substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Pei
- Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass , Nanjing 210037, China
| | | | - Linguo Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass , Nanjing 210037, China
| | | | - Gang Ding
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province 222001, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province 222001, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhou Y, Liu K, Zhang J, Chu J, He B. Mg2+-induced stabilization of β-galactosidase from Bacillus megaterium and its application in the galactosylation of natural products. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 39:1175-1181. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2344-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
29
|
Fan B, Chen T, Zhang S, Wu B, He B. Mining of efficient microbial UDP-glycosyltransferases by motif evolution cross plant kingdom for application in biosynthesis of salidroside. Sci Rep 2017; 7:463. [PMID: 28352078 PMCID: PMC5428655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant kingdom provides a large resource of natural products and various related enzymes are analyzed. The high catalytic activity and easy genetically modification of microbial enzymes would be beneficial for synthesis of natural products. But the identification of functional genes of target enzymes is time consuming and hampered by many contingencies. The potential to mine microbe-derived glycosyltransferases (GTs) cross the plant kingdom was assessed based on alignment and evolution of the full sequences and key motifs of target enzymes, such as Rhodiola-derived UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT73B6) using in salidroside synthesis. The GTs from Bacillus licheniformis ZSP01 with high PSPG motif similarity were speculated to catalyze the synthesis of salidroside. The UGTBL1, which had similarity (61.4%) PSPG motif to UGT73B6, displayed efficient activity and similar regioselectivity. Highly efficient glycosylation of tyrosol (1 g/L) was obtained by using engineered E. coli harboring UGTBL1 gene, which generated 1.04 g/L salidroside and 0.99 g/L icariside D2. All glycosides were secreted into the culture medium and beneficial for downstream purification. It was the first report on the genome mining of UGTs from microorganisms cross the plant kingdom. The mining approach may have broader applications in the selection of efficient candidate for making high-value natural products.
Collapse
|
30
|
A Calcium-Ion-Stabilized Lipase from Pseudomonas stutzeri ZS04 and its Application in Resolution of Chiral Aryl Alcohols. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 180:1456-1466. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
31
|
Zhou Y, Chu J, Zhang J, Liu K, He B. Precisely regulated galactosylation of nucleoside analogues in aqueous hydrophilic solvents catalyzed by solvent-stable β-galactosidase. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12167e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Precisely regulated galactosylation of nucleoside analogues by the addition of aqueous hydrophilic solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youzhi Zhou
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- China
| | - Jianlin Chu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- China
| | - Ke Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Nanjing Tech University
- China
| | - Bingfang He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Nanjing Tech University
- China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
De Winter K, Dewitte G, Dirks-Hofmeister ME, De Laet S, Pelantová H, Křen V, Desmet T. Enzymatic Glycosylation of Phenolic Antioxidants: Phosphorylase-Mediated Synthesis and Characterization. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:10131-9. [PMID: 26540621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Although numerous biologically active molecules exist as glycosides in nature, information on the activity, stability, and solubility of glycosylated antioxidants is rather limited to date. In this work, a wide variety of antioxidants were glycosylated using different phosphorylase enzymes. The resulting antioxidant library, containing α/β-glucosides, different regioisomers, cellobiosides, and cellotriosides, was then characterized. Glycosylation was found to significantly increase the solubility and stability of all evaluated compounds. Despite decreased radical-scavenging abilities, most glycosides were identified to be potent antioxidants, outperforming the commonly used 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol (BHT). Moreover, the point of attachment, the anomeric configuration, and the glycosidic chain length were found to influence the properties of these phenolic glycosides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karel De Winter
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Faculty of Biosciences Engineering, Ghent University , Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Griet Dewitte
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Faculty of Biosciences Engineering, Ghent University , Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mareike E Dirks-Hofmeister
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Faculty of Biosciences Engineering, Ghent University , Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sylvie De Laet
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Faculty of Biosciences Engineering, Ghent University , Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Tom Desmet
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Faculty of Biosciences Engineering, Ghent University , Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang S, Chen G, Chu J, Wu B, He B. High production of succinyl isoflavone glycosides by Bacillus licheniformis ZSP01 resting cells in aqueous miscible organic medium. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 62:255-9. [PMID: 24919721 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To achieve efficient production of succinyldaidzin and succinylgenistin, resting cells of a solvent-stable strain Bacillus licheniformis ZSP01 were used to react with pure isoflavones or soybean flour extract in a reaction medium with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. Strikingly, 0.8 mM daidzein, 0.8 mM genistein, 2.0 mM daidzin, and 2.0 mM genistin were transformed to succinyl isoflavone glycosides in 27 H (yield >90%). The soybean flour extract (6.1%, w/v) contained 0.32 mM daidzein, 0.84 mM daidzin, 0.38 mM genistein, and 1.04 mM genistin. Over 95% of total isoflavones (daidzein, daidzin, genistein, and genistin) in the soybean flour extract were converted to succinyl isoflavone glycosides after 27 H. Strain ZSP01 shows both high glycosylation and succinylation activities. These results suggest that B. licheniformis ZSP01 could be useful for the efficient production of succinyl soybean isoflavone glycosides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Selective glycosylation of steroidal saponins by Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus. Carbohydr Res 2015; 402:71-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
35
|
Chu J, Wu X, Wu B, Wang R, He B. Characteristics of an organic solvent-tolerant β-fructofuranosidase from Arthrobacter arilaitensis NJEM01 and efficient synthesis of prebiotic kestose. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:5408-5411. [PMID: 24854707 DOI: 10.1021/jf5020523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An organic solvent-tolerant β-fructofuranosidase (β-FFase) from Arthrobacter arilaitensis NJEM01 was purified, characterized, cloned, and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The mature β-FFase contained 495 amino acid residues with an estimated molecular mass of 55 kDa. The purified β-FFase from strain NJEM01 was very stable in the buffer systems (pH 5.0-9.5) and showed high stability below 45 °C. Furthermore, the enzyme exhibited relatively high solvent stability in various aqueous organic mixtures and retained nearly 100% of its initial activity after incubation for 10 days in 20% (v/v) DMSO. In addition, the β-FFase exhibited high transfructosylation activity, synthesized prebiotic products of mainly 6-kestose (up to 476 g/L), and showed fructosyl receptor specificity to C-glucosyl flavone. A relatively high yield of FOS was achieved by the β-FFase from bacterium with a high concentration of sucrose. It made the β-FFase an exploitable biocatalyst for the production of glycosides of natural products and prebiotic kestose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Chu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology , 30 Puzhunan Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chu J, Wu X, Li B, He B. Efficient glucosylation of flavonoids by organic solvent-tolerant Staphylococcus saprophyticus CQ16 in aqueous hydrophilic media. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
37
|
Thuan NH, Sohng JK. Recent biotechnological progress in enzymatic synthesis of glycosides. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 40:1329-56. [PMID: 24005992 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1332-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most important post-modification processes of small molecules and enables the parent molecule to have increased solubility, stability, and bioactivity. Enzyme-based glycosylation has achieved significant progress due to advances in protein engineering, DNA recombinant techniques, exploitation of biosynthetic gene clusters of natural products, and computer-based modeling programs. Our report summarizes glycosylation data that have been published within the past five years to provide an overall review of current progress. We also present the future trends and perspectives for glycosylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Huy Thuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Institute of Biomolecule Reconstruction, Sun Moon University, #100, Kalsan-ri, Tangjeong-myeon, Asan-si, Chungnam, 336-708, Republic of Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Isolation, identification and pharmacokinetic analysis of fructosyl puerarins from enzymatic glycosylation. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 935:70-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 07/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
39
|
Wu X, Chu J, Liang J, He B. Efficient enzymatic synthesis of mangiferin glycosides in hydrophilic organic solvents. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42648c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|