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Zhang J, Ge Y, Li Z. Catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction of alkali lignin for monophenols production over homologous biochar-supported copper catalysts in water. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126656. [PMID: 37660845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Constructing an advanced catalytic system for the purposeful liquefaction of lignin into chemicals has presented a significant prospect for sustainable development. In this work, the catalytic process of mesoporous homologous biochar (HBC) derived from alkali lignin supported copper catalysts (Cu/HBC) was reported for catalytic liquefaction of alkali lignin to monophenols. The characterization results revealed HBC promoted the formation of metal-support strong interaction and the generation of oxygen vacancies, enhancing the acid sites of Cu/HBC. Under the optimal conditions (0.2 g alkali lignin, 280 °C, 0.05 g Cu/HBC, 6 h, 18 mL water), the monophenol yield reached 75.01 ± 0.76 mg/g, and the bio-oil yield was 57.98 ± 1.76%. The copious mesopores, high surface area, and rich acidic sites were responsible for the high activity of Cu/HBC, which significantly outperformed the controlled catalysts, such as HBC, commercial activated carbon (AC), and reported Ni/AC, Ni/MCM-41, etc. In four consecutive runs, the catalytic performance of Cu/HBC was only reduced by 3.65% per cycle. Interestingly, catechol was selectively produced with Cu/HBC, which provided an effective strategy for the conversion of G/S-type lignin to catechyl phenolics (C-type). These findings indicate that the Cu/HBC will be a promising substitution of noble metal-supported catalysts for conversion biomass into high value-added phenolics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiubing Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxuedong Road, Nanning, 530004, China; Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ge
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxuedong Road, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zhili Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxuedong Road, Nanning, 530004, China.
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2
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Rana M, Ghosh S, Nshizirungu T, Park JH. Catalytic depolymerization of Kraft lignin to high yield alkylated-phenols over CoMo/SBA-15 catalyst in supercritical ethanol. RSC Adv 2023; 13:30022-30039. [PMID: 37842670 PMCID: PMC10570907 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05018a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignin is generally considered to be a renewable and sustainable resource of aromatic chemicals. However, the depolymerization of Kraft lignin (KL) for the production of selective phenolic monomers presents a significant challenge due to its highly recalcitrant nature. Therefore, in this work, we investigated the effect of metal sites and acid active sites on Mo/SBA-15, Co/SBA-15 and CoMo/SBA-15 catalysts in supercritical ethanol for the depolymerization of KL to produce phenolic monomers. Ethanol was used as a hydrogen donor solvent instead of using external hydrogen. Results showed that the bimetallic CoMo/SBA-15 catalyst exhibited significantly higher catalytic activity compared to the monometallic, Co/SBA-15, Mo/SBA-15 or bare SBA-15. The highest phenolic monomers yield of 27.04 wt% was achieved at 290 °C for 4 h over CoMo/SBA-15 catalyst. The inter-unit linkages such as β-O-4', β-β and α-O-4' in lignin were considerably cleaved during the catalytic depolymerization in supercritical ethanol. Meanwhile, higher functionality of carbonyl compounds was present in the non-catalytic bio-oil, while more alkylated phenols were produced over CoMo/SBA-15 catalyst. The major phenolic monomers identified in the catalytic bio-oil were 4-ethylguaiacol (9.15 wt%), 4-methylguaiacol (6.80 wt%), and 4-propylguaiacol (2.85 wt%). These findings suggest that the metal sites and abundant acid active sites of CoMo/SBA-15 had a synergistic effect toward the degradation of different linkages of lignin and production of selective phenolic monomers in bio-oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masud Rana
- Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 South Korea +82-62-530-1859 +82-62-530-1855
| | - Shubho Ghosh
- Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 South Korea +82-62-530-1859 +82-62-530-1855
| | - Theoneste Nshizirungu
- Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 South Korea +82-62-530-1859 +82-62-530-1855
| | - Jeong-Hun Park
- Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 South Korea +82-62-530-1859 +82-62-530-1855
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3
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Sun C, Song G, Pan Z, Tu M, Kharaziha M, Zhang X, Show PL, Sun F. Advances in organosolv modified components occurring during the organosolv pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 368:128356. [PMID: 36414144 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The valorization of organosolv pretreatment (OP) is a required approach to the industrialization of the current enzyme-mediated lignocellulosic biorefinery. Recent literature has demonstrated that the solvolysis happening in the OP can modify the soluble components into value-added active compounds, namely organosolv modified lignin (OML) and organosolv modified sugars (OMSs), in addition to protecting them against excessive degradation. Among them, the OML is coincidental with the "lignin-first" strategy that should render a highly reactive lignin enriched with β-O-4 linkages and less condensed structure by organosolv grafting, which is desirable for the transformation into phenolic compounds. The OMSs are valuable glycosidic compounds mainly synthesized by trans-glycosylation, which can find potential applications in cosmetics, foods, and healthcare. Therefore, a state-of-the-art OP holds a big promise of lowering the process cost by the valorization of these active compounds. Recent advances in organosolv modified components are reviewed, and perspectives are made for addressing future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of MOE, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guojie Song
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of MOE, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenying Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Maobing Tu
- Department of Biomedical, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Xueming Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Pau-Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Fubao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of MOE, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Lu X, Gu X. A review on lignin pyrolysis: pyrolytic behavior, mechanism, and relevant upgrading for improving process efficiency. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:106. [PMID: 36221137 PMCID: PMC9552425 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02203-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lignin is a promising alternative to traditional fossil resources for producing biofuels due to its aromaticity and renewability. Pyrolysis is an efficient technology to convert lignin to valuable chemicals, which is beneficial for improving lignin valorization. In this review, pyrolytic behaviors of various lignin were included, as well as the pyrolytic mechanism consisting of initial, primary, and charring stages were also introduced. Several parallel reactions, such as demethoxylation, demethylation, decarboxylation, and decarbonylation of lignin side chains to form light gases, major lignin structure decomposition to generate phenolic compounds, and polymerization of active lignin intermediates to yield char, can be observed through the whole pyrolysis process. Several parameters, such as pyrolytic temperature, time, lignin type, and functional groups (hydroxyl, methoxy), were also investigated to figure out their effects on lignin pyrolysis. On the other hand, zeolite-driven lignin catalytic pyrolysis and lignin co-pyrolysis with other hydrogen-rich co-feedings were also introduced for improving process efficiency to produce more aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs). During the pyrolysis process, phenolic compounds and/or AHs can be produced, showing promising applications in biochemical intermediates and biofuel additives. Finally, some challenges and future perspectives for lignin pyrolysis have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Lu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Xiaoli Gu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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Li Y, Zhai X, Yu W, Feng D, Shah AA, Gao J, Zhou YJ. Production of free fatty acids from various carbon sources by Ogataea polymorpha. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:78. [PMID: 38647893 PMCID: PMC10992350 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00566-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy shortage and environmental concern urgently require establishing the feasible bio-refinery process from various feedstocks. The methylotrophic yeast Ogataea polymorpha is thermo-tolerant and can utilize various carbon sources, such as glucose, xylose and methanol, which makes it a promising host for bio-manufacturing. Here, we explored the capacity of O. polymorpha for overproduction of free fatty acids (FFAs) from multiple substrates. The engineered yeast produced 674 mg/L FFA from 20 g/L glucose in shake flask and could sequentially utilize the mixture of glucose and xylose. However, the FFA producing strain failed to survive in sole methanol and supplementing co-substrate xylose promoted methanol metabolism. A synergistic utilization of xylose and methanol was observed in the FFA producing strain. Finally, a mixture of glucose, xylose and methanol was evaluated for FFA production (1.2 g/L). This study showed that O. polymorpha is an ideal host for chemical production from various carbon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Li
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - XiaoXin Zhai
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yu
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Dao Feng
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Aamer Ali Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Jiaoqi Gao
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China.
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongjin J Zhou
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China.
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China.
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Su S, Xiao LP, Chen X, Wang S, Chen XH, Guo Y, Zhai SR. Lignin-First Depolymerization of Lignocellulose into Monophenols over Carbon Nanotube-Supported Ruthenium: Impact of Lignin Sources. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200365. [PMID: 35438245 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lignin-first depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass into aromatics is of great significance to sustainable biorefinery. However, it remains a challenge, owing to the variance between lignin sources and structures. In this study, ruthenium supported on carbon nanotubes (Ru/CNT) exhibits efficient catalytic activity toward lignin hydrogenolysis to exclusively afford monophenols in high yields. Catalytic tests indicate that the yields of aromatic monomers are related to lignin sources and decrease in the order: hardwoods > herbaceous plants > softwoods. Experimental results demonstrate that the scission of C-O bonds and the high selectivity to monomeric aromatic compounds over the Ru/CNT catalyst are enhanced by avoiding side condensation. Furthermore, the fabricated Ru/CNT shows good reusability and recyclability, applicability, and biomass feedstock compatibility, rendering it a promising candidate for lignin valorization. These findings pave the way for rational design of highly active and stable catalysts to potentially address challenges in lignin chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Su
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Ping Xiao
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Life Science and Engineering, Jining University, Jining, 273155, P. R. China
| | - Shuizhong Wang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Chen
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Yanzhu Guo
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
| | - Shang-Ru Zhai
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, P. R. China
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Panyadee R, Saengsrichan A, Posoknistakul P, Laosiripojana N, Ratchahat S, Matsagar BM, Wu KCW, Sakdaronnarong C. Lignin-Derived Syringol and Acetosyringone from Palm Bunch Using Heterogeneous Oxidative Depolymerization over Mixed Metal Oxide Catalysts under Microwave Heating. Molecules 2021; 26:7444. [PMID: 34946525 PMCID: PMC8707958 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomass valorization to building block chemicals in food and pharmaceutical industries has tremendously gained attention. To produce monophenolic compounds from palm empty fruit bunch (EFB), EFB was subjected to alkaline hydrothermal extraction using NaOH or K2CO3 as a promotor. Subsequently, EFB-derived lignin was subjected to an oxidative depolymerization using Cu(II) and Fe(III) mixed metal oxides catalyst supported on γ-Al2O3 or SiO2 as the catalyst in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The highest percentage of total phenolic compounds of 63.87 wt% was obtained from microwave-induced oxidative degradation of K2CO3 extracted lignin catalyzed by Cu-Fe/SiO2 catalyst. Main products from the aforementioned condition included 27.29 wt% of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 19.21 wt% of syringol, 9.36 wt% of acetosyringone, 3.69 wt% of acetovanillone, 2.16 wt% of syringaldehyde, and 2.16 wt% of vanillin. Although the total phenolic compound from Cu-Fe/Al2O3 catalyst was lower (49.52 wt%) compared with that from Cu-Fe/SiO2 catalyst (63.87 wt%), Cu-Fe/Al2O3 catalyst provided the greater selectivity of main two value-added products, syringol and acetosyrigone, at 54.64% and 23.65%, respectively (78.29% total selectivity of two products) from the NaOH extracted lignin. The findings suggested a promising method for syringol and acetosyringone production from the oxidative heterogeneous lignin depolymerization under low power intensity microwave heating within a short reaction time of 30 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangsalid Panyadee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 999 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand; (R.P.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (S.R.)
| | - Aphinan Saengsrichan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 999 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand; (R.P.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (S.R.)
| | - Pattaraporn Posoknistakul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 999 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand; (R.P.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (S.R.)
| | - Navadol Laosiripojana
- The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment (JGSEE), King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha Uthit Road, Bang Mot, Tungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand;
| | - Sakhon Ratchahat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 999 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand; (R.P.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (S.R.)
| | - Babasaheb M. Matsagar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei City 10617, Taiwan; (B.M.M.); (K.C.-W.W.)
| | - Kevin C.-W. Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei City 10617, Taiwan; (B.M.M.); (K.C.-W.W.)
- Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials (AI-MAT), National Taiwan University, Taipei City 10617, Taiwan
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology, National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei City 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chularat Sakdaronnarong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 999 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand; (R.P.); (A.S.); (P.P.); (S.R.)
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Han Y, Liu C, Kong X, Wang X, Fan Y, Lei M, Li M, Xiao R, Ma L. Could preoxidation always promote the subsequent hydroconversion of lignin? Two counterexamples catalyzed by Cu/CuMgAlO x in supercritical ethanol. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125142. [PMID: 33857864 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two counterexamples of lignin preoxidation-hydroconversion were reported. First, two lignin feedstocks were preoxidized with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) in acetonitrile with various dosages (15%, 30%, and 60%). Then, these preoxidized lignins (HELOs and MWLOs) were hydroconverted in supercritical ethanol catalyzed by Cu/CuMgAlOx. Total yields from HELOs were all higher than those from HEL, indicating the good promotion of DDQ preoxidation on the subsequent hydroconversion of HELOs, especially with the DDQ dosage of 15%. Differently, the promotion effect of DDQ preoxidation on the hydroconversion of MWLOs depended on the DDQ dosage as well as the reaction time. Through the comparison of two counterexamples, this work bursted the myth that preoxidation can always promote the subsequent hydroconversion of lignin, revealed the influence of lignin property, preoxidation degree, and reaction conditions on the subsequent hydroconversion of preoxidized lignin, and presented the new insight into the preoxidation-hydroconversion strategy for lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Han
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Xiangchen Kong
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Xing Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Yuyang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Ming Lei
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Rui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Longlong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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9
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Kraft Lignin Ethanolysis over Zeolites with Different Acidity and Pore Structures for Aromatics Production. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11020270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To utilize its rich aromatics, lignin, a high-volume waste and environmental hazard, was depolymerized in supercritical ethanol over various zeolites types with different acidity and pore structures. Targeting at high yield/selectivity of aromatics such as phenols, microporous Beta, Y, and ZSM-5 zeolites were first examined in lignin ethanolysis, followed by zeolites with similar micropore size but different acidity. Further comparisons were made between zeolites with fin-like and worm-like mesoporous structures and their microporous counterparts. Despite depolymerization complexity and diversified ethanolysis products, strong acidity was found effective to cleave both C–O–C and C–C linkages of lignin while mild acidity works mainly in ether bond breakdown. However, when diffusion of gigantic molecules is severe, pore size, particularly mesopores, becomes more decisive on phenol selectivity. These findings provide important guidelines on future selection and design of zeolites with appropriate acidity and pore structure to promote lignin ethanolysis or other hydrocarbon cracking processes.
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Liu P, Chen C, Zhou M, Xia H, Li J, Sharma BK, Jiang J. Catalytic lignin valorization over HSZ-supported CuNiAl-based catalysts with microwave heating. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05371f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microwave assisted lignin depolymerization was investigated over HSZ-supported CuNiAl-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forestry
- Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material
- Jiangsu Province
- National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization
| | - Changzhou Chen
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forestry
- Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material
- Jiangsu Province
- National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization
| | - Minghao Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yangzhou University
- Yangzhou 225002
- China
| | - Haihong Xia
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forestry
- Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material
- Jiangsu Province
- National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forestry
- Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material
- Jiangsu Province
- National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization
| | - Brajendra K. Sharma
- Illinois Sustainable Technology Center
- Prairie Research Institute
- One Hazelwood Dr., Champaign
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- USA
| | - Jianchun Jiang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forestry
- Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material
- Jiangsu Province
- National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization
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Cornejo A, Bimbela F, Moreira R, Hablich K, García-Yoldi Í, Maisterra M, Portugal A, Gandía LM, Martínez-Merino V. Production of Aromatic Compounds by Catalytic Depolymerization of Technical and Downstream Biorefinery Lignins. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1338. [PMID: 32962141 PMCID: PMC7564559 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic materials are promising alternatives to non-renewable fossil sources when producing aromatic compounds. Lignins from Populus salicaceae. Pinus radiata and Pinus pinaster from industrial wastes and biorefinery effluents were isolated and characterized. Lignin was depolymerized using homogenous (NaOH) and heterogeneous (Ni-, Cu- or Ni-Cu-hydrotalcites) base catalysis and catalytic hydrogenolysis using Ru/C. When homogeneous base catalyzed depolymerization (BCD) and Ru/C hydrogenolysis were combined on poplar lignin, the aromatics amount was ca. 11 wt.%. Monomer distributions changed depending on the feedstock and the reaction conditions. Aqueous NaOH produced cleavage of the alkyl side chain that was preserved when using modified hydrotalcite catalysts or Ru/C-catalyzed hydrogenolysis in ethanol. Depolymerization using hydrotalcite catalysts in ethanol produced monomers bearing carbonyl groups on the alkyl side chain. The analysis of the reaction mixtures was done by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and diffusion ordered nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (DOSY NMR). 31P NMR and heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy (HSQC) were also used in this study. The content in poly-(hydroxy)-aromatic ethers in the reaction mixtures decreased upon thermal treatments in ethanol. It was concluded that thermo-solvolysis is key in lignin depolymerization, and that the synergistic effect of Ni and Cu provided monomers with oxidized alkyl side chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Cornejo
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (InaMat2) and Department of Sciences, Universidad Pública de Navarra, E31006 Pamplona, Spain; (K.H.); (Í.G.-Y.); (M.M.); (L.M.G.); (V.M.-M.)
| | - Fernando Bimbela
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (InaMat2) and Department of Sciences, Universidad Pública de Navarra, E31006 Pamplona, Spain; (K.H.); (Í.G.-Y.); (M.M.); (L.M.G.); (V.M.-M.)
| | - Rui Moreira
- CIEPQPF, FCTUC, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II—Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Karina Hablich
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (InaMat2) and Department of Sciences, Universidad Pública de Navarra, E31006 Pamplona, Spain; (K.H.); (Í.G.-Y.); (M.M.); (L.M.G.); (V.M.-M.)
| | - Íñigo García-Yoldi
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (InaMat2) and Department of Sciences, Universidad Pública de Navarra, E31006 Pamplona, Spain; (K.H.); (Í.G.-Y.); (M.M.); (L.M.G.); (V.M.-M.)
| | - Maitane Maisterra
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (InaMat2) and Department of Sciences, Universidad Pública de Navarra, E31006 Pamplona, Spain; (K.H.); (Í.G.-Y.); (M.M.); (L.M.G.); (V.M.-M.)
| | - António Portugal
- CIEPQPF, FCTUC, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II—Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Luis M. Gandía
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (InaMat2) and Department of Sciences, Universidad Pública de Navarra, E31006 Pamplona, Spain; (K.H.); (Í.G.-Y.); (M.M.); (L.M.G.); (V.M.-M.)
| | - Víctor Martínez-Merino
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (InaMat2) and Department of Sciences, Universidad Pública de Navarra, E31006 Pamplona, Spain; (K.H.); (Í.G.-Y.); (M.M.); (L.M.G.); (V.M.-M.)
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12
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Liu X, Bouxin FP, Fan J, Budarin VL, Hu C, Clark JH. Recent Advances in the Catalytic Depolymerization of Lignin towards Phenolic Chemicals: A Review. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4296-4317. [PMID: 32662564 PMCID: PMC7540457 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The efficient valorization of lignin could dictate the success of the 2nd generation biorefinery. Lignin, accounting for on average a third of the lignocellulosic biomass, is the most promising candidate for sustainable production of value-added phenolics. However, the structural alteration induced during lignin isolation is often depleting its potential for value-added chemicals. Recently, catalytic reductive depolymerization of lignin has appeared to be a promising and effective method for its valorization to obtain phenolic monomers. The present study systematically summarizes the far-reaching and state-of-the-art lignin valorization strategies during different stages, including conventional catalytic depolymerization of technical lignin, emerging reductive catalytic fractionation of protolignin, stabilization strategies to inhibit the undesired condensation reactions, and further catalytic upgrading of lignin-derived monomers. Finally, the potential challenges for the future researches on the efficient valorization of lignin and possible solutions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and TechnologyMinistry of EducationDepartment of ChemistrySichuan UniversityWangjiang RoadChengdu610064P.R. China
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Florent P. Bouxin
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Vitaliy L. Budarin
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Changwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and TechnologyMinistry of EducationDepartment of ChemistrySichuan UniversityWangjiang RoadChengdu610064P.R. China
| | - James H. Clark
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
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13
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Yan F, Sang Y, Bai Y, Wu K, Cui K, Wen Z, Mai F, Ma Z, Yu L, Chen H, Li Y. Guaiacol demethoxylation catalyzed by Re2O7 in ethanol. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Effect of KOH Pretreatment on Lignocellulosic Waste for the Reduction of Nitrobenzene to Aniline without Metal. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12114665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A green reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline was carried out using lignocellulosic biomass as a hydrogen source in a subcritical polar protic solvent, such as water and alcohol. The method is simple to implement, inexpensive, and easily applicable on a larger scale. The present method does not demand elaborated experimental conditions nor any metal catalyst. Optimal conditions provided aniline with a 90% yield by reduction of nitrobenzene in the presence of sawdust impregnated by KOH in subcritical methanol at 240 °C for 6 h.
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15
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Gale M, Cai CM, Gilliard-Abdul-Aziz KL. Heterogeneous Catalyst Design Principles for the Conversion of Lignin into High-Value Commodity Fuels and Chemicals. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:1947-1966. [PMID: 31899593 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lignin valorization has risen as a promising pathway to supplant the use of petrochemicals for chemical commodities and fuels. However, the challenges of separating and breaking down lignin from lignocellulosic biomass are the primary barriers to success. Integrated biorefinery systems that incorporate both homo- and heterogeneous catalysis for the upgrading of lignin intermediates have emerged as a viable solution. Homogeneous catalysis can perform selected chemistries, such as the hydrolysis and dehydration of ester or ether bonds, that are more suitable for the pretreatment and fractionation of biomass. Heterogeneous catalysis, however, offers a tunable platform for the conversion of extracted lignin into chemicals, fuels, and materials. Tremendous effort has been invested in elucidating the necessary factors for the valorization of lignin by using heterogeneous catalysts, with efforts to explore more robust methods to drive down costs. Current progress in lignin conversion has fostered numerous advances, but understanding the key catalyst design principles is important for advancing the field. This Minireview aims to provide a summary on the fundamental design principles for the selective conversion of lignin by using heterogeneous catalysts, including the pairing of catalyst metals, supports, and solvents. The review puts a particular focus on the use of bimetallic catalysts on porous supports as a strategy for the selective conversion of lignin. Finally, future research on the valorization of lignin is proposed on the basis of recent progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Gale
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 446 Winston Chung Hall, 900 University Ave, Riverside, USA
| | - Charles M Cai
- Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 1084 Columbia Avenue, Riverside, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Kandis Leslie Gilliard-Abdul-Aziz
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 446 Winston Chung Hall, 900 University Ave, Riverside, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 313 Material Science and Engineering Building, 900 University Ave, Riverside, USA
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Wu Z, Zhao X, Zhang J, Li X, Zhang Y, Wang F. Ethanol/1,4-dioxane/formic acid as synergistic solvents for the conversion of lignin into high-value added phenolic monomers. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 278:187-194. [PMID: 30703636 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a mixture solvent of ethanol/1,4-dioxane/formic acid (FA) is firstly reported to efficaciously depolymerize industrial lignin to produce high-value added phenolic monomers, in which 1,4-dioxane acts as lignin solvent, ethanol acts as solvent, reactant and in situ hydrogen donor, and FA acts as acid catalyst and in situ hydrogen donor. The effects of solvent composition and reaction conditions on the lignin conversion and product yields were explored, resulting in a low residue yield of 6.57% and a high phenolic monomers yield of 22.4% at 300 °C for 2 h when Kraft lignin was depolymerized in the mixture solvent of ethanol/1,4-dioxane/FA (10:10:2, v/v). Moreover, possible reaction mechanism on lignin depolymerization in the mixture solvent was illustrated, suggesting a favorable synergistic effect among the three components of the mixture solvent. In addition, the satisfactory applicability of the mixture solvent was approved through the feedstock adaptability and recyclability experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Xinxu Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xun Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Fei Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing 210037, China.
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18
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Catalytic Cleavage of Ether Bond in a Lignin Model Compound over Carbon-Supported Noble Metal Catalysts in Supercritical Ethanol. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Decomposition of lignin-related model compound (benzyl phenyl ether, BPE) to phenol and toluene was performed over carbon-supported noble metal (Ru, Pd, and Pt) catalysts in supercritical ethanol without supply of hydrogen. Phenol and toluene as target products were produced by the hydrogenolysis of BPE. The conversion of BPE was higher than 95% over all carbon-supported noble metal catalysts at 270 ° for 4 h. The 5 wt% Pd/C demonstrated the highest yield (ca. 59.3%) of the target products and enhanced conversion rates and reactivity more significantly than other catalysts. In the case of Ru/C, BPE was significantly transformed to other unidentified byproducts, more so than other catalysts. The Pt/C catalyst produced the highest number of byproducts such as alkylated phenols and gas-phase products, indicating that the catalyst promotes secondary reactions during the decomposition of BPE. In addition, a model reaction using phenol as a reactant was conducted to check the secondary reactions of phenol such as alkylation or hydrogenation in supercritical ethanol. The product distribution when phenol was used as a reactant was mostly consistent with BPE as a reactant. Based on the results, plausible reaction pathways were proposed.
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19
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Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenolysis Reactions for Lignin Valorization to Fuels and Chemicals. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant renewable source of chemicals and fuels. Lignin, one of biomass main structural components being widely available as by-product in the pulp and paper industry and in the process of second generation bioethanol, can provide phenolic and aromatic compounds that can be utilized for the manufacture of a wide variety of polymers, fuels, and other high added value products. The effective depolymerisation of lignin into its primary building blocks remains a challenge with regard to conversion degree and monomers selectivity and stability. This review article focuses on the state of the art in the liquid phase reductive depolymerisation of lignin under relatively mild conditions via catalytic hydrogenolysis/hydrogenation reactions, discussing the effect of lignin type/origin, hydrogen donor solvents, and related transfer hydrogenation or reforming pathways, catalysts, and reaction conditions.
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20
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Pu L, Wang X, Shang K, Cao Q, Gao S, Han Y, Sun G, Li Y, Zhou J. Glass bead-catalyzed depolymerization of poplar wood lignin into low-molecular-weight products. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04388d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A kind of non-precious glass bead catalyst was prepared by a subcritical water treatment method for the depolymerisation of poplar lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Pu
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Xing Wang
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Kaiping Shang
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Qiping Cao
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Si Gao
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Ying Han
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Guangwei Sun
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Yao Li
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Jinghui Zhou
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Pulp and Papermaking Engineering
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Dalian
- China
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21
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Huang J, Zhao C, Lu F. High-Efficient and Recyclable Magnetic Separable Catalyst for Catalytic Hydrogenolysis of β-O-4 Linkage in Lignin. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1077. [PMID: 30961002 PMCID: PMC6404071 DOI: 10.3390/polym10101077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin is recognized as a good sustainable material because of its great abundance and potential applications. At present, lignin hydrogenolysis is considered as a potential but challenging way to produce low-molecular-mass aromatic chemicals. The most common linkage between the structural units of lignin polymer is the β-O-4 aryl ether, which are primary or even only target chemical bonds for many degradation processes. Herein, a Pd-Fe₃O₄ composite was synthesized for catalytic hydrogenolysis of β-O-4 bond in lignin. The synthesized catalyst was characterized by XRD, XPS, and SEM and the lignin depolymerization products were analyzed by GC-MS. The catalyst showed good catalytic performance during the hydrogenolysis process, lignin dimer was degraded into monomers completely and a high yield of monomers was obtained by the hydrogenolysis of bagasse lignin. More importantly, the magnetic catalyst was separated conveniently by magnet after reaction and remained highly catalytically efficient after being reused for five times. This work has demonstrated an efficient & recyclable catalyst for the cleavage of the β-O-4 bond in lignin providing an alternative way to make better use of lignins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Chengke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Fachuang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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22
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Hydrogenolysis of lignin over Ru-based catalysts: The role of the ruthenium in a lignin fragmentation process. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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24
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25
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Jeong S, Jang GH, Kim DH. Decomposition of Lignin Using MO–MgAlOy Mixed Oxide Catalysts (M=Co, Ni and Cu) in Supercritical Ethanol. Top Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-017-0787-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Gillet S, Petitjean L, Aguedo M, Lam CH, Blecker C, Anastas PT. Impact of lignin structure on oil production via hydroprocessing with a copper-doped porous metal oxide catalyst. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 233:216-226. [PMID: 28282608 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed depolymerization strategy was employed to investigate the impact of lignin structure on the distribution of hydroprocessing products. Specifically, lignin was extracted from beech wood and miscanthus grass. The extracted lignins, as well as a commercial lignin (P1000), were then fractionated using ethyl acetate to provide three different portions for each source of lignin [total of 9 fractions]. Each fraction was structurally characterized and treated with a copper-doped porous metal oxide (Cu-PMO) catalyst under 4MPa H2 and at 180°C for 12h. The reaction conditions provided notable yields of oil for each fraction of lignin. Analysis of the oils indicated phenolic monomers of commercial interest. The structure of these monomers and the yield of monomer-containing oil was dependent on the origin of the lignin. Our results indicate that hydroprocessing with a Cu-PMO catalyst can selectively provide monomers of commercial interest by careful choice of lignin starting material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Gillet
- Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Laurene Petitjean
- Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mario Aguedo
- University of Liège - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Unit of Biological and Industrial Chemistry (CBI), 2, Passage des déportés, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Chun-Ho Lam
- Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Christophe Blecker
- University of Liège - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Food Science and Formulation Department (SAF), 2, Passage des déportés, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Paul T Anastas
- Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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27
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Sharypov VI, Kusnetsov BN, Yakovlev VA, Beregovtsova NG, Baryshnikov SV. Studying the thermal conversion of acetone lignin in supercritical butanol in the presence of NiCuMo/SiO2 catalysts. CATALYSIS IN INDUSTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s2070050417020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Chen Y, Wang F, Jia Y, Yang N, Zhang X. One-step ethanolysis of lignin into small-molecular aromatic hydrocarbons over nano-SiC catalyst. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 226:145-149. [PMID: 27997868 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic depolymerization of lignin for preparation of aromatic hydrocarbons without external hydrogen was first carried out over nano-SiC catalyst in supercritical ethanol. Mixture of the catalyst and lignin was innovatively suspended in a closed reactor and small-molecular aromatic hydrocarbons were successfully achieved at 500°C. Results revealed that not only did conversion of lignin increase sharply under the nano-SiC catalyst, but also phenols were not detected. The increase of residence time under the Fe-SiC catalyst did not change distribution of the liquid products besides the yield improvement, suggesting that the catalyst was suitable and selective towards formation of small-molecular benzenes, especially C6-C8 benzenes. Preliminary studies found that lignin depolymerization and deoxygenation were successfully fulfilled during the reactions, which provided a very effective route to conversion of lignin into high added-value molecules as transportation fuel additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, China.
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Yingjie Jia
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, China
| | - Nan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, China
| | - Xianming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, China
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29
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Catalytic Conversion of Structural Carbohydrates and Lignin to Chemicals. ADVANCES IN CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.acat.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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30
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Gao F, Webb JD, Sorek H, Wemmer DE, Hartwig JF. Fragmentation of Lignin Samples with Commercial Pd/C under Ambient Pressure of Hydrogen. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Gao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jonathan D. Webb
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hagit Sorek
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - David E. Wemmer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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31
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Yang J, Zhao L, Liu C, Wang Y, Dai L. Catalytic ethanolysis and gasification of kraft lignin into aromatic alcohols and H2-rich gas over Rh supported on La2O3/CeO2-ZrO2. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:926-933. [PMID: 27441830 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Efficient catalytic ethanolysis and gasification of kraft lignin were conducted over a versatile supported catalyst Rh/La2O3/CeO2-ZrO2 to give high-value aromatic alcohols and H2-rich gas. The removal of phenolic hydroxyl group was the most prevalent reaction, and importantly, almost no phenols, undesired char and saturating the aromatic ring were detected. Meanwhile, the feedstock and solvent both played key roles in H2 generation that contributed to the hydrodeoxygenation of liquid components and made the whole catalytic process out of H2 supply. Reusability tests of catalyst indicated that the crystalline phase transition and agglomeration of support, the loss of noble metal Rh and carbon deposition were the possible reasons for its deactivation in supercritical ethanol. Comparing with water, methanol and isopropanol system, ethanol was the only effective solvent for the depolymerization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chunze Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Liyi Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
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33
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Kruger JS, Cleveland NS, Zhang S, Katahira R, Black BA, Chupka GM, Lammens T, Hamilton PG, Biddy MJ, Beckham GT. Lignin Depolymerization with Nitrate-Intercalated Hydrotalcite Catalysts. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b02062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tijs Lammens
- Shell Global Solutions, Inc., Shell Technology Center, Houston, Texas 77082, United States
| | - Phillip G. Hamilton
- Shell Global Solutions, Inc., Shell Technology Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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34
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Feng J, Jiang J, Yang Z, Su Q, Wang K, Xu J. Characterization of depolymerized lignin and renewable phenolic compounds from liquefied waste biomass. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16916c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This investigation aimed to analyze the renewable phenolic compounds that separate from liquefied mason pine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Feng
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forestry
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization
- Key Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing 210042
| | - Jianchun Jiang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forestry
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization
- Key Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing 210042
| | - Zhongzhi Yang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forestry
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization
- Key Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing 210042
| | - Qiuli Su
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forestry
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization
- Key Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing 210042
| | - Kui Wang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products
- Chinese Academy of Forestry
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization
- Key Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing 210042
| | - Junming Xu
- Research Institute of Forestry New Technology
- Chinese Academy of Forestry
- Beijing 100091
- China
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35
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Deng Y, Ma L, Mao Y. Biological production of adipic acid from renewable substrates: Current and future methods. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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36
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37
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Singh SK, Nandeshwar K, Ekhe JD. Thermochemical lignin depolymerization and conversion to aromatics in subcritical methanol: effects of catalytic conditions. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj02916c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solvolytic depolymerization of lignin was studied under three different catalytic conditions and explained using a schematic representation of the mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunit Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology
- Nagpur-440010
- India
| | - Kunal Nandeshwar
- Department of Chemistry
- Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology
- Nagpur-440010
- India
| | - Jayant D. Ekhe
- Department of Chemistry
- Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology
- Nagpur-440010
- India
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38
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Gao F, Webb JD, Hartwig JF. Chemo‐ and Regioselective Hydrogenolysis of Diaryl Ether C−O Bonds by a Robust Heterogeneous Ni/C Catalyst: Applications to the Cleavage of Complex Lignin‐Related Fragments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:1474-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201509133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Gao
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Jonathan D. Webb
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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39
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Gao F, Webb JD, Hartwig JF. Chemo‐ and Regioselective Hydrogenolysis of Diaryl Ether C−O Bonds by a Robust Heterogeneous Ni/C Catalyst: Applications to the Cleavage of Complex Lignin‐Related Fragments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201509133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Gao
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Jonathan D. Webb
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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40
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Li C, Zhao X, Wang A, Huber GW, Zhang T. Catalytic Transformation of Lignin for the Production of Chemicals and Fuels. Chem Rev 2015; 115:11559-624. [PMID: 26479313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1007] [Impact Index Per Article: 111.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Changzhi Li
- State Key Laborotary of Catalysis, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhao
- State Key Laborotary of Catalysis, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- State Key Laborotary of Catalysis, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China
| | - George W Huber
- State Key Laborotary of Catalysis, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laborotary of Catalysis, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China
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41
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Ma X, Cui K, Hao W, Ma R, Tian Y, Li Y. Alumina supported molybdenum catalyst for lignin valorization: Effect of reduction temperature. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 192:17-22. [PMID: 26004558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Alumina supported molybdenum catalysts were prepared with an impregnation method. The activity of the catalyst in the ethanolysis of Kraft lignin to C6-C11 molecules, i.e. alcohols, esters, monophenols, benzyl alcohols and arenes, was tested in a batch reactor at 280 °C with initial 0 MPa nitrogen. The complete conversion of lignin to small molecular chemicals was achieved without the formation of tar or char. The reduction temperature during the catalyst preparation was proved to have a profound effect on the activity of the catalyst. The overall product yield firstly increases and then decreases with the increase of the reduction temperature in a range of 500-800 °C. The maximum yield up to 1390 mg/g lignin was obtained with the catalyst reduced at 750 °C. Furthermore, the catalyst showed an excellent recyclability, where no significant loss of the catalytic activity was exhibited after 5 runs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Kai Cui
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenyue Hao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yongdan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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42
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Liu S, Zhu Q, Guan Q, He L, Li W. Bio-aviation fuel production from hydroprocessing castor oil promoted by the nickel-based bifunctional catalysts. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 183:93-100. [PMID: 25725407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Bio-aviation fuel was firstly synthesized by hydroprocessing castor oil in a continuous-flow fixed-bed microreactor with the main objective to obtain the high yield of aviation fuel and determine the elemental compositions of the product phases as well as the reaction mechanism. Highest aviation range alkane yields (91.6 wt%) were achieved with high isomer/n-alkane ratio (i/n) 4.4-7.2 over Ni supported on acidic zeolites. In addition, different fuel range alkanes can be obtained by adjusting the degree of hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) and hydrocracking. And the observations are rationalized by a set of reaction pathways for the various product phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qingxin Guan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Liangnian He
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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43
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Zaheer M, Kempe R. Catalytic Hydrogenolysis of Aryl Ethers: A Key Step in Lignin Valorization to Valuable Chemicals. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/cs501498f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zaheer
- Department
of Chemistry, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering (SBASSE), Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Rhett Kempe
- Lehrstuhl
Anorganische Chemie II - Catalyst Design, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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44
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Jia Z, Lu C, Zhou P, Wang L. Preparation and characterization of high boiling solvent lignin-based polyurethane film with lignin as the only hydroxyl group provider. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09477a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High boiling solvent (HBS) lignin-based polyurethane film was successfully fabricated with lignin as the only hydroxyl group provider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Carbon Fiber Technology
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Chunxiang Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Carbon Fiber Technology
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Pucha Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Carbon Fiber Technology
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
| | - Lu Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Carbon Fiber Technology
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan 030001
- China
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45
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Singh SK, Ekhe JD. Solvent effect on HZSM-5 catalyzed solvolytic depolymerization of industrial waste lignin to phenols: superiority of the water–methanol system over methanol. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10240a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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46
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Barta K, Ford PC. Catalytic conversion of nonfood woody biomass solids to organic liquids. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:1503-12. [PMID: 24745655 DOI: 10.1021/ar4002894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This Account outlines recent efforts in our laboratories addressing a fundamental challenge of sustainability chemistry, the effective utilization of biomass for production of chemicals and fuels. Efficient methods for converting renewable biomass solids to chemicals and liquid fuels would reduce society's dependence on nonrenewable petroleum resources while easing the atmospheric carbon dioxide burden. The major nonfood component of biomass is lignocellulose, a matrix of the biopolymers cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. New approaches are needed to effect facile conversion of lignocellulose solids to liquid fuels and to other chemical precursors without the formation of intractable side products and with sufficient specificity to give economically sustainable product streams. We have devised a novel catalytic system whereby the renewable feedstocks cellulose, organosolv lignin, and even lignocellulose composites such as sawdust are transformed into organic liquids. The reaction medium is supercritical methanol (sc-MeOH), while the catalyst is a copper-doped porous metal oxide (PMO) prepared from inexpensive, Earth-abundant starting materials. This transformation occurs in a single stage reactor operating at 300-320 °C and 160-220 bar. The reducing equivalents for these transformations are derived by the reforming of MeOH (to H2 and CO), which thereby serves as a "liquid syngas" in the present case. Water generated by deoxygenation processes is quickly removed by the water-gas shift reaction. The Cu-doped PMO serves multiple purposes, catalyzing substrate hydrogenolysis and hydrogenation as well as the methanol reforming and shift reactions. This one-pot "UCSB process" is quantitative, giving little or no biochar residual. Provided is an overview of these catalysis studies beginning with reactions of the model compound dihydrobenzofuran that help define the key processes occurring. The initial step is phenyl-ether bond hydrogenolysis, and this is followed by aromatic ring hydrogenation. The complete catalytic disassembly of the more complex organosolv lignin to monomeric units, largely propyl-cyclohexanol derivatives is then described. Operational indices based on (1)H NMR analysis are also presented that facilitate holistic evaluation of these product streams that within several hours consist largely of propyl-cyclohexanol derivatives. Lastly, we describe the application of this methodology with several types of wood (pine sawdust, etc.) and with cellulose fibers. The product distribution, albeit still complex, displays unprecedented selectivity toward the production of aliphatic alcohols and methylated derivatives thereof. These observations clearly indicate that the Cu-doped solid metal oxide catalyst combined with sc-MeOH is capable of breaking down the complex biomass derived substrates to markedly deoxygenated monomeric units with increased hydrogen content. Possible implementations of this promising system on a larger scale are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Barta
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C. Ford
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510 United States
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