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Negi A, Kesari KK. Light-Driven Depolymerization of Cellulosic Biomass into Hydrocarbons. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3671. [PMID: 37765525 PMCID: PMC10537178 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose and hemicellulose are the main constituents of lignocellulosic biomass. Chemical derivatization of lignocellulosic biomass leads to a range of C5 and C6 organic compounds. These C5 and C6 compounds are valuable precursors (or fine chemicals) for developing sustainable chemical processes. Therefore, depolymerization of cellulose and hemicellulose is essential, leading to the development of various materials that have applications in biomaterial industries. However, most depolymerized processes for cellulose have limited success because of its structural quality: crystallinity, high hydrogen-bond networking, and mild solubility in organic and water. As a result, various chemical treatments, acidic (mineral or solid acids) and photocatalysis, have developed. One of the significant shortcomings of acidic treatment is that the requirement for high temperatures increases the commercial end cost (energy) and hampers product selectivity. For example, a catalyst with prolonged exposure to high temperatures damages the catalyst surface over time; therefore, it cannot be used for iterative cycles. Photocatalysts provide ample application to overcome such flaws as they do not require high temperatures to perform efficient catalysis. Various photocatalysts have shown efficient cellulosic biomass conversion into its C6 and C5 hydrocarbons and the production of hydrogen (as a green energy component). For example, TiO2-based photocatalysts are the most studied for biomass valorization. Herein, we discussed the feasibility of a photocatalyst with application to cellulosic biomass hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Negi
- Department of Bioproduct and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Bioproduct and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Research and Development Cell, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
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2
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Chen C, Li J, Cheng G, Liu Y, Yi Y, Chen D, Wang X, Cao J. Flavor changes and microbial evolution in fermentation liquid of sour bamboo shoots. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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3
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Ding Z, Kumar Awasthi S, Kumar M, Kumar V, Mikhailovich Dregulo A, Yadav V, Sindhu R, Binod P, Sarsaiya S, Pandey A, Taherzadeh MJ, Rathour R, Singh L, Zhang Z, Lian Z, Kumar Awasthi M. A thermo-chemical and biotechnological approaches for bamboo waste recycling and conversion to value added product: Towards a zero-waste biorefinery and circular bioeconomy. FUEL 2023; 333:126469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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4
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Basak B, Kumar R, Bharadwaj AVSLS, Kim TH, Kim JR, Jang M, Oh SE, Roh HS, Jeon BH. Advances in physicochemical pretreatment strategies for lignocellulose biomass and their effectiveness in bioconversion for biofuel production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128413. [PMID: 36462762 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The inherent recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass is a significant barrier to efficient lignocellulosic biorefinery owing to its complex structure and the presence of inhibitory components, primarily lignin. Efficient biomass pretreatment strategies are crucial for fragmentation of lignocellulosic biocomponents, increasing the surface area and solubility of cellulose fibers, and removing or extracting lignin. Conventional pretreatment methods have several disadvantages, such as high operational costs, equipment corrosion, and the generation of toxic byproducts and effluents. In recent years, many emerging single-step, multi-step, and/or combined physicochemical pretreatment regimes have been developed, which are simpler in operation, more economical, and environmentally friendly. Furthermore, many of these combined physicochemical methods improve biomass bioaccessibility and effectively fractionate ∼96 % of lignocellulosic biocomponents into cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, thereby allowing for highly efficient lignocellulose bioconversion. This review critically discusses the emerging physicochemical pretreatment methods for efficient lignocellulose bioconversion for biofuel production to address the global energy crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikram Basak
- Department of Earth Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Petroleum and Mineral Research Institute, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Earth Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - A V S L Sai Bharadwaj
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University ERICA Campus, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University ERICA Campus, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Rae Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Oh
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 192-1 Hyoja-dong, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Seog Roh
- Department of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, Gangwon 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Exploring the Valorization of Buckwheat Waste: A Two-Stage Thermo-Chemical Process for the Production of Saccharides and Biochar. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8110573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
To realize the utilization of the valorization of buckwheat waste (BW), a two-stage thermal-chemical process was explored and evaluated to produce saccharides and biochar. During the first stage, BW underwent a hydrothermal extraction (HTE) of varying severity to explore the feasibility of saccharides production; then, the sum of saccharides yields in the liquid sample were compared. A higher sum of saccharides yields of 4.10% was obtained at a relatively lower severity factor (SF) of 3.24 with a byproducts yield of 1.92 %. During the second stage, the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were analyzed in the residue after HTE. Enzymatic hydrolysis from the residue of HTE was inhibited. Thus, enzymatic hydrolysis for saccharides is not suitable for utilizing the residue after HTE of BW. These residues with an SF of 3.24 were treated by pyrolysis to produce biochar, providing a higher biochar yield of 34.45 % and a higher adsorption ability (based on methyl orange) of 31.11 % compared with pyrolysis of the raw BW. Meanwhile, the surface morphology and biomass conversion were analyzed in this study. These results demonstrate that the two-stage thermal-chemical process is efficient for treating BW and producing saccharides and biochar. This work lays a foundation for the industrial application of BW, and for improving the economic benefits of buckwheat cultivation.
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6
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Structural elucidation and targeted valorization of poplar lignin from the synergistic hydrothermal-deep eutectic solvent pretreatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1882-1892. [PMID: 35489620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the structural variations of lignin during the pretreatment is very important for lignin valorization. Herein, poplar wood was pretreated with an integrated process, which was composed of AlCl3-catalyzed hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP, 130-150 °C, 1.0 h) and mild deep-eutectic solvents (DES, 100 °C, 10 min) delignification for recycling lignin fractions. Confocal Raman Microscopy (CRM) was developed to visually monitor the delignification process during the HTP-DES pretreatment. NMR characterizations (2D-HSQC and 31P NMR) and elemental analysis demonstrated that the lignin fractions had undergone the following structural changes, such as dehydration, depolymerization, condensation. Molecular weights (GPC), microstructure (SEM and TEM), and antioxidant activity (DPPH analysis) of the lignins revealed that the DES delignification resulted in homogeneous lignin fragments (1.32 < PDI < 1.58) and facilitated the rapid assemblage of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) with controllable nanoscale sizes (30-210 nm) and excellent antioxidant activity. These findings will enhance the understanding of structural transformations of the lignin during the integrated process and maximize the lignin valorization in a current biorefinery process.
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He MK, He YL, Li ZQ, Zhao LN, Zhang SQ, Liu HM, Qin Z. Structural characterization of lignin and lignin-carbohydrate complex (LCC) of sesame hull. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:258-267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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Silva CT, Rojas-Chamorro JA, Barroso GM, Santos MV, Evaristo AB, da Silva LD, Castro Galiano E, Santos JBD. Crops with potential for diclosulam remediation and concomitant bioenergy production. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2022; 25:275-282. [PMID: 35544425 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2074363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate crops for their ability to phytoremediate diclosulam residues in the soil and produce lignocellulosic ethanol. Physiological characteristics, biomass production, soil cover rate, fermentable sugar production and lignocellulosic ethanol production potential of the crops were evaluated in soil with diclosulam residues. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme with the following crops as the first factor: Avena sativa, Canavalia ensiformis, Mucuna aterrima, and Pennisetum glaucum. The second factor was the presence or absence of the herbicide diclosulam in the soil (30 g ha-1). The physiological variables of the plant species were not affected by the presence of diclosulam; the soil cover of P. glaucum was lower in the area with diclosulam, with a value of 26%. The levels of glucose were not affected by the presence of diclosulam in A. sativa, C. ensiformis, and M. aterrima, indicate not change the estimated yield of ethanol for this species. Avena sativa and Pennisetum glaucum have the potential to phytoremediate soils containing diclosulam residues, with concomitant lignocellulosic ethanol production ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cícero Teixeira Silva
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Madureira Barroso
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vitoria Santos
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anderson Barbosa Evaristo
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Unaí, Brazil
| | - Leandro Diego da Silva
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eulogio Castro Galiano
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaèn, Jaen, Spain
| | - José Barbosa Dos Santos
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
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Oil Palm’s Empty Fruit Bunch as a Sorbent Material in Filter System for Oil-Spill Clean Up. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11010127. [PMID: 35009130 PMCID: PMC8747325 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Oil pollution such as diesel poses a significant threat to the environment. Due to this, there is increasing interest in using natural materials mainly from agricultural waste as organic oil spill sorbents. Oil palm’s empty fruit bunch (EFB), a cost-effective material, non-toxic, renewable resource, and abundantly available in Malaysia, contains cellulosic materials that have been proven to show a good result in pollution treatment. This study evaluated the optimum screening part of EFB that efficiently absorbs oil and the physicochemical characterisation of untreated and treated EFB fibre using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The treatment conditions were optimised using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT), which identified optimal treatment conditions of 170 °C, 20 min, 0.1 g/cm3, and 10% diesel, resulting in 23 mL of oil absorbed. The predicted model was highly significant in statistical Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and confirmed that all the parameters (temperature, time, packing density, and diesel concentration) significantly influenced the oil absorbed. The predicted values in RSM were 175 °C, 22.5 min, 0.095 g/cm3, and 10%, which resulted in 24 mL of oil absorbed. Using the experimental values generated by RSM, 175 °C, 22.5 min, 0.095 g/cm3, and 10%, the highest oil absorption achieved was 24.33 mL. This study provides further evidence, as the data suggested that RSM provided a better approach to obtain a high efficiency of oil absorbed.
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10
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Sun Q, Chen WJ, Pang B, Sun Z, Lam SS, Sonne C, Yuan TQ. Ultrastructural change in lignocellulosic biomass during hydrothermal pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125807. [PMID: 34474237 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, visualization and characterization of lignocellulose at different scales elucidate the modifications of its ultrastructural and chemical features during hydrothermal pretreatment which include degradation and dissolving of hemicelluloses, swelling and partial hydrolysis of cellulose, melting and redepositing a part of lignin in the surface. As a result, cell walls are swollen, deformed and de-laminated from the adjacent layer, lead to a range of revealed droplets that appear on and within cell walls. Moreover, the certain extent morphological changes significantly promote the downstream processing steps, especially for enzymatic hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation to bioethanol by increasing the contact area with enzymes. However, the formation of pseudo-lignin hinders the accessibility of cellulase to cellulose, which decreases the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. This review is intended to bridge the gap between the microstructure studies and value-added applications of lignocellulose while inspiring more research prospects to enhance the hydrothermal pretreatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wei-Jing Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Bo Pang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhuohua Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (Akuatrop), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Tong-Qi Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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11
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Zheng X, Xian X, Hu L, Tao S, Zhang X, Liu Y, Lin X. Efficient short-time hydrothermal depolymerization of sugarcane bagasse in one-pot for cellulosic ethanol production without solid-liquid separation, water washing, and detoxification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 339:125575. [PMID: 34303100 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In these studies, a low-cost and energy efficiency production of cellulosic ethanol from sugarcane bagasse (SCB) using one-pot without solid-liquid separation, water washing, and detoxification was performed. Firstly, SCB was pretreated using liquid hot water as the only reagent at 210 °C for a short time (0 min), and the solid liquid ratio (SLR) was 1:20 (w/v). Then, the whole slurry of pretreated SCB was enzymatically hydrolyzed and fermented for cellulosic ethanol in one-pot. The results indicated that the one-pot preparation for ethanol achieved a high total fermentable sugar conversion of 84.52 ± 1.24%, containing 88.61 ± 1.57% of glucose and 78.01 ± 1.63% of xylose. Moreover, the ethanol yield reached 257 ± 5.51 mg/g SCB, which was 77.56 ± 1.64% of the theoretical ethanol conversion from SCB. Importantly, there was no wastewater discharge in the whole process. Overall, the present work provides an economically feasible method for ethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Xian
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunhui Tao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Clean Transportation Energy Chemistry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Wang WY, Qin Z, Liu HM, Wang XD, Gao JH, Qin GY. Structural Changes in Milled Wood Lignin (MWL) of Chinese Quince ( Chaenomeles sinensis) Fruit Subjected to Subcritical Water Treatment. Molecules 2021; 26:E398. [PMID: 33451119 PMCID: PMC7828612 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Subcritical water treatment has received considerable attention due to its cost effectiveness and environmentally friendly properties. In this investigation, Chinese quince fruits were submitted to subcritical water treatment (130, 150, and 170 °C), and the influence of treatments on the structure of milled wood lignin (MWL) was evaluated. Structural properties of these lignin samples (UL, L130, L150, and L170) were investigated by high-performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC), FT-IR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), TGA, pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), 2D-Heteronculear Single Quantum Coherence (HSQC) -NMR, and 31P-NMR. The carbohydrate analysis showed that xylose in the samples increased significantly with higher temperature, and according to molecular weight and thermal analysis, the MWLs of the pretreated residues have higher thermal stability with increased molecular weight. The spectra of 2D-NMR and 31P-NMR demonstrated that the chemical linkages in the MWLs were mainly β-O-4' ether bonds, β-5' and β-β', and the units were principally G- S- H- type with small amounts of ferulic acids; these results are consistent with the results of Py-GC/MS analysis. It is believed that understanding the structural changes in MWL caused by subcritical water treatment will contribute to understanding the mechanism of subcritical water extraction, which in turn will provide a theoretical basis for developing the technology of subcritical water extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yue Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.Q.); (X.-D.W.); (J.-H.G.)
| | - Zhao Qin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.Q.); (X.-D.W.); (J.-H.G.)
| | - Hua-Min Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.Q.); (X.-D.W.); (J.-H.G.)
| | - Xue-De Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.Q.); (X.-D.W.); (J.-H.G.)
| | - Jing-Hao Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Z.Q.); (X.-D.W.); (J.-H.G.)
| | - Guang-Yong Qin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
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13
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Suriyachai N, Weerasai K, Upajak S, Khongchamnan P, Wanmolee W, Laosiripojana N, Champreda V, Suwannahong K, Imman S. Efficiency of Catalytic Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment for Conversion of Corn Stover to Bioethanol. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:29872-29881. [PMID: 33251422 PMCID: PMC7689892 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulose is a promising raw material for the production of second-generation biofuels. In this study, the effects of acid-catalyzed liquid hot water (LHW) on pretreatment of corn stover (CS) for subsequent hydrolysis and conversion to ethanol were studied. The effects of reaction temperature, acid concentration, and residence time on glucose yield were evaluated using a response surface methodology. The optimal condition was 162.4 °C for 29.5 min with 0.45% v/v of sulfuric acid, leading to the maximum glucose yield of 91.05% from enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose-enriched fraction. Conversion of the solid fraction to ethanol by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation resulted in a theoretical ethanol yield of 93.91% based on digestible glucose. Scanning electron microscopy revealed disruption on the microstructure of the pretreated CS. Increases of crystallinity index and surface area of the pretreated biomass were observed along with alteration in the functional group profiles, as demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. This work provides an insight into the effects of LHW on the enzymatic susceptibility and modification of the physicochemical properties of CS for further application on bioethanol production in biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nopparat Suriyachai
- Integrated Biorefinery
excellent Center (IBC), School of Energy and Environment, University of Phayao, Tambon Maeka, Amphur Muang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
- BIOTEC-JGSEE
Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, National
Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Innovation Cluster 2 Building, Thailand Science
Park, Khlong Luang, Pathum
Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Khatiya Weerasai
- The Joint Graduate School for Energy and Environment
(JGSEE), King Mongkut’s University
of Technology Thonburi, Prachauthit Road, Bangmod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Supawan Upajak
- School of Energy and
Environment, University of Phayao, Tambon Maeka, Amphur Muang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Punjarat Khongchamnan
- School of Energy and
Environment, University of Phayao, Tambon Maeka, Amphur Muang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Wanwitoo Wanmolee
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin
Rd, Klong Laung, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Navadol Laosiripojana
- The Joint Graduate School for Energy and Environment
(JGSEE), King Mongkut’s University
of Technology Thonburi, Prachauthit Road, Bangmod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- BIOTEC-JGSEE
Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, National
Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Innovation Cluster 2 Building, Thailand Science
Park, Khlong Luang, Pathum
Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Verawat Champreda
- BIOTEC-JGSEE
Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, National
Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Innovation Cluster 2 Building, Thailand Science
Park, Khlong Luang, Pathum
Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kowit Suwannahong
- Department
of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Saksit Imman
- Integrated Biorefinery
excellent Center (IBC), School of Energy and Environment, University of Phayao, Tambon Maeka, Amphur Muang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
- School of Energy and
Environment, University of Phayao, Tambon Maeka, Amphur Muang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
- . Tel.: +66-5446-6666. ext
3405
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14
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Xie D, Gan T, Su C, Han Y, Liu Z, Cao Y. Structural characterization and antioxidant activity of water-soluble lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) isolated from wheat straw. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:315-324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Effects and Mechanisms of Alkali Recycling and Ozone Recycling on Enzymatic Conversion in Alkali Combined with Ozone Pretreatment of Corn Stover. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 193:281-295. [PMID: 32944797 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In order to minimize waste liquor, save resources, and reduce costs, the effects of alkali recycling and ozone recycling on enzymatic conversion in alkali combined with ozone pretreatment of corn stover and the mechanism were studied. The results showed that as the number of cycles of alkali/ozone filtrate increased, the enzymatic conversion and the loss of reducing sugars showed a downward trend. It was indicated that the ability of alkali to damage lignocellulosic decreased with an increasing number of alkali circulation and the accumulation of lignin degradation products generated during ozonolysis inhibited enzymatic conversion. When the ozone filtrate was recovered and used for hydrolysis directly, the enzymatic conversion rates were basically the same compared with the first self-circulation of ozone filtrate, and no sewage was discharged. In conclusion, the optimal circulating pretreatment was four times alkali circulation and ozone filtrate was used as an enzymolysis liquid directly, and the conversion rates of cellulose and hemicellulose were 85.96% and 34.26%, respectively, saving 44% alkali consumption at the same time. This paper provided the theoretical basis for the development of lignocellulose pretreatment technology with low cost, high efficiency, and high conversion rate.
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Wang X, Liu Y, Cui X, Xiao J, Lin G, Chen Y, Yang H, Chen H. Production of furfural and levoglucosan from typical agricultural wastes via pyrolysis coupled with hydrothermal conversion: Influence of temperature and raw materials. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 114:43-52. [PMID: 32673980 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The liquid product from biomass direct pyrolysis is usually complex and difficult to effectively utilize. By combining hydrothermal conversion and low-temperature pyrolysis, the hemicellulose and cellulose of biomass can be transformed into value-added furfural and levoglucosan (LG), respectively. The effects of temperature during hydrothermal treatment (160-240 °C) and subsequent pyrolysis (340-400 °C) on the production of furfural and LG were investigated by using three typical agricultural wastes, namely corn stalk, peanut shells, and rice stalk. The maximum furfural yield of 4.2% was achieved upon hydrolysis of peanut shells at 200 °C. The hydrochar produced from peanut shells presented the highest LG yield of 7.3% (based on original biomass weight) for a pyrolysis temperature of 360 °C. Under this optimal condition, the total revenue from various products of the hybrid thermochemical process was estimated at $0.362 per kilogram of peanut shells, whereas furfural and LG account for 90% of the revenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianjun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Guiying Lin
- Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Yingquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haiping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hanping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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17
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Sun S, Cao X, Li H, Zhu Y, Li Y, Jiang W, Wang Y, Sun S. Simultaneous and Efficient Production of Furfural and Subsequent Glucose in MTHF/H 2O Biphasic System via Parameter Regulation. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12030557. [PMID: 32138299 PMCID: PMC7182857 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient production of furfural from cornstalk in 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran/aqueous (MTHF/H2O) biphasic system via parameter regulation (e.g., VMTHF/VH2O, temperature, time, and H2SO4 concentration) was proposed. The resulting solid residues achieved from the different MTHF/H2O system conditions for furfural production were also to prepare glucose by adding cellulases to increase the high-value applications of cornstalk. A maximum furfural yield (68.1%) was obtained based on reaction condition (VMTHF:VH2O = 1:1, 170 °C, 60 min, 0.05 M H2SO4). Among these parameters, the concentration of H2SO4 had the most obvious effect on the furfural production. The glucose yields of the residues acquired from different MTHF/H2O processes were enhanced and then a maximum value of 78.9% based on the maximum furfural production conditions was observed. Single factor may not be sufficient to detail the difference in glucose production, and several factors affected the hydrolysis efficiency of the residues. Overall, the MTHF/H2O system effectively converted cornstalk into furfural and glucose via a simple and environment-friendly process, thus was an ideal manner for the food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolong Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Xuefei Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Huiling Li
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Yingbo Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yijing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Shaoni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (S.S.)
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18
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Ruiz HA, Conrad M, Sun SN, Sanchez A, Rocha GJM, Romaní A, Castro E, Torres A, Rodríguez-Jasso RM, Andrade LP, Smirnova I, Sun RC, Meyer AS. Engineering aspects of hydrothermal pretreatment: From batch to continuous operation, scale-up and pilot reactor under biorefinery concept. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 299:122685. [PMID: 31918970 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Different pretreatments strategies have been developed over the years mainly to enhance enzymatic cellulose degradation. In the new biorefinery era, a more holistic view on pretreatment is required to secure optimal use of the whole biomass. Hydrothermal pretreatment technology is regarded as very promising for lignocellulose biomass fractionation biorefinery and to be implemented at the industrial scale for biorefineries of second generation and circular bioeconomy, since it does not require no chemical inputs other than liquid water or steam and heat. This review focuses on the fundamentals of hydrothermal pretreatment, structure changes of biomass during this pretreatment, multiproduct strategies in terms of biorefinery, reactor technology and engineering aspects from batch to continuous operation. The treatise includes a case study of hydrothermal biomass pretreatment at pilot plant scale and integrated process design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor A Ruiz
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila 25280, Mexico.
| | - Marc Conrad
- Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Institute of Thermal Separation Processes, Eißendorfer Straße 38, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shao-Ni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Arturo Sanchez
- Laboratorio de Futuros en Bioenergía, Unidad Guadalajara de Ingeniería Avanzada, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - George J M Rocha
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center of Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-100, Brazil
| | - Aloia Romaní
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Eulogio Castro
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Center for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment (CEAEMA), University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, s/n, Building B3, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Ana Torres
- Instituto de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay
| | - Rosa M Rodríguez-Jasso
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila 25280, Mexico
| | - Liliane P Andrade
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center of Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-100, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Functional and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Irina Smirnova
- Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Institute of Thermal Separation Processes, Eißendorfer Straße 38, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- Center for Lignocellulose Science and Engineering, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Anne S Meyer
- Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology, DTU Bioengineering, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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Nlandu H, Belkacemi K, Chorfa N, Elkoun S, Robert M, Hamoudi S. Flax nanofibrils production via supercritical carbon dioxide pre‐treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. CAN J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Nlandu
- Department of Soil Sciences and Agri‐Food EngineeringUniversité Laval, Centre in Green Chemistry & Catalysis Québec Canada
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversité Laval Québec Canada
| | - Khaled Belkacemi
- Department of Soil Sciences and Agri‐Food EngineeringUniversité Laval, Centre in Green Chemistry & Catalysis Québec Canada
| | - Nasima Chorfa
- Department of Soil Sciences and Agri‐Food EngineeringUniversité Laval, Centre in Green Chemistry & Catalysis Québec Canada
| | - Said Elkoun
- Centre for Innovations in Technological EcodesignUniversité de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke Québec Canada
| | - Mathieu Robert
- Centre for Innovations in Technological EcodesignUniversité de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke Québec Canada
| | - Safia Hamoudi
- Department of Soil Sciences and Agri‐Food EngineeringUniversité Laval, Centre in Green Chemistry & Catalysis Québec Canada
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20
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Yang H, Shi Z, Xu G, Qin Y, Deng J, Yang J. Bioethanol production from bamboo with alkali-catalyzed liquid hot water pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 274:261-266. [PMID: 30529330 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Altering recalcitrant structures of bamboo is essential to obtain high yield of bioethanol via bioconversion process. With the goal of improving cell wall digestibility, alkaline liquid hot water was used to pretreat N. affinis. The effects of temperature and alkali dosage on structural alterations were determined by chemical composition, Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The relationship between these changes and substrate digestibility was addressed by separate enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF). The results indicated that pretreatments partly removed and degraded hemicelluloses and lignin, reducing yields of substrates and molecular weights of carbohydrates. With the change of cell wall structure, specific surface area of materials increased after LHW pretreatment but decreased with further removal of lignin and hemicellulosic fractions. Maximum bioconversion was obtained by pretreatment with 0.5% NaOH aqueous at 170 °C and SHF, yielding 4.8 g/L ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yang
- University Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Refinery & Synthesis, Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Utilization of Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Zhengjun Shi
- University Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Refinery & Synthesis, Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Utilization of Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Gaofeng Xu
- University Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Refinery & Synthesis, Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Utilization of Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Yongjian Qin
- University Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Refinery & Synthesis, Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Utilization of Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jia Deng
- University Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Refinery & Synthesis, Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Utilization of Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jing Yang
- University Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Refinery & Synthesis, Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Utilization of Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
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21
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Ma T, Zhao J, Ao L, Liao X, Ni Y, Hu X, Song Y. Effects of different pretreatments on pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) lignocellulose degradation. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:665-672. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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Kucharska K, Rybarczyk P, Hołowacz I, Łukajtis R, Glinka M, Kamiński M. Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Materials as Substrates for Fermentation Processes. Molecules 2018; 23:E2937. [PMID: 30423814 PMCID: PMC6278514 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and renewable resource that potentially contains large amounts of energy. It is an interesting alternative for fossil fuels, allowing the production of biofuels and other organic compounds. In this paper, a review devoted to the processing of lignocellulosic materials as substrates for fermentation processes is presented. The review focuses on physical, chemical, physicochemical, enzymatic, and microbiologic methods of biomass pretreatment. In addition to the evaluation of the mentioned methods, the aim of the paper is to understand the possibilities of the biomass pretreatment and their influence on the efficiency of biofuels and organic compounds production. The effects of different pretreatment methods on the lignocellulosic biomass structure are described along with a discussion of the benefits and drawbacks of each method, including the potential generation of inhibitory compounds for enzymatic hydrolysis, the effect on cellulose digestibility, the generation of compounds that are toxic for the environment, and energy and economic demand. The results of the investigations imply that only the stepwise pretreatment procedure may ensure effective fermentation of the lignocellulosic biomass. Pretreatment step is still a challenge for obtaining cost-effective and competitive technology for large-scale conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars with low inhibitory concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kucharska
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Piotr Rybarczyk
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Iwona Hołowacz
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Rafał Łukajtis
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Marta Glinka
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Marian Kamiński
- Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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23
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Luo C, Li Y, Liao H, Yang Y. De novo transcriptome assembly of the bamboo snout beetle Cyrtotrachelus buqueti reveals ability to degrade lignocellulose of bamboo feedstock. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:292. [PMID: 30386429 PMCID: PMC6204003 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1291-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bamboo weevil Cyrtotrachelus buqueti, which is considered a pest species, damages bamboo shoots via its piercing-sucking mode of feeding. C. buqueti is well known for its ability to transform bamboo shoot biomass into nutrients and energy for growth, development and reproduction with high specificity and efficacy of bioconversion. Woody bamboo is a perennial grass that is a potential feedstock for lignocellulosic biomass because of its high growth rate and lignocellulose content. To verify our hypothesis that C. buqueti efficiently degrades bamboo lignocellulose, we assessed the bamboo lignocellulose-degrading ability of this insect through RNA sequencing for identifying a potential route for utilisation of bamboo biomass. RESULTS Analysis of carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) family genes in the developmental transcriptome of C. buqueti revealed 1082 unigenes, including 55 glycoside hydrolases (GH) families containing 309 GHs, 51 glycosyltransferases (GT) families containing 329 GTs, 8 carbohydrate esterases (CE) families containing 174 CEs, 6 polysaccharide lyases (PL) families containing 11 PLs, 8 auxiliary activities (AA) families containing 131 enzymes with AAs and 17 carbohydrate-binding modules (CBM) families containing 128 CBMs. We used weighted gene co-expression network analysis to analyse developmental RNA sequencing data, and 19 unique modules were identified in the analysis. Of these modules, the expression of MEyellow module genes was unique and the module included numerous CAZyme family genes. CAZyme genes in this module were divided into two groups depending on whether gene expression was higher in the adult/larval stages or in the egg/pupal stages. Enzyme assays revealed that cellulase activity was highest in the midgut whereas lignin-degrading enzyme activity was highest in the hindgut, consistent with findings from intestinal gene expression studies. We also analysed the expression of CAZyme genes in the transcriptome of C. buqueti from two cities and found that several genes were also assigned to CAZyme families. The insect had genes and enzymes associated with lignocellulose degradation, the expression of which differed with developmental stage and intestinal region. CONCLUSION Cyrtotrachelus buqueti exhibits lignocellulose degradation-related enzymes and genes, most notably CAZyme family genes. CAZyme family genes showed differences in expression at different developmental stages, with adults being more effective at cellulose degradation and larvae at lignin degradation, as well as at different regions of the intestine, with the midgut being more cellulolytic than the hindgut. This degradative system could be utilised for the bioconversion of bamboo lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaobing Luo
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 China
| | - Yuanqiu Li
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Liao
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 China
| | - Yaojun Yang
- Bamboo Diseases and Pests Control and Resources Development Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, No. 778, Riverside Road, Central District, Leshan, 614000 China
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24
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Structural elucidation of lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) from Chinese quince (Chaenomeles sinensis) fruit. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 116:1240-1249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Wang C, Zhang S, Wu S, Cao Z, Zhang Y, Li H, Jiang F, Lyu J. Effect of oxidation processing on the preparation of post-hydrothermolysis acid from cotton stalk. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 263:289-296. [PMID: 29753262 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The typical properties and yield of the refined hydrothermolytic acid (RHTA) and refined hydrothermolytic oxidation acid (RHOA) respectively prepared from cotton stalk by the hydrothermolysis process with and without hydrogen peroxide at 180-280 °C were investigated. The pH of RHOA at 180-260 °C is lower than that of RHTA. The yield of RHOA prepared at 180-280 °C is higher than that of RHTA except 230 °C. Besides, the variation trend of RHOA yield at 180-260 °C is in accordance with that of RHTA yield at 200-280 °C. The composition of RHTA and RHOA were determined using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The acids content of RHOA at 200 °C reaches the maximum. The phenols of RHOA at 200-230 °C is significantly higher than that of RHTA. Under oxidation atmosphere, the formation of ketones is inhibited and the secondary reactions of furan derivatives is promoted. Overall, the oxidation processing can alleviate the severe hydrothermolysis conditions for preparing post-hydrothermolysis acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiwei Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouyu Zhang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shunyan Wu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyao Cao
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenghao Jiang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfu Lyu
- Department of Thermal Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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26
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Dey P, Pal P, Kevin JD, Das DB. Lignocellulosic bioethanol production: prospects of emerging membrane technologies to improve the process – a critical review. REV CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2018-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To meet the worldwide rapid growth of industrialization and population, the demand for the production of bioethanol as an alternative green biofuel is gaining significant prominence. The bioethanol production process is still considered one of the largest energy-consuming processes and is challenging due to the limited effectiveness of conventional pretreatment processes, saccharification processes, and extreme use of electricity in common fermentation and purification processes. Thus, it became necessary to improve the bioethanol production process through reduced energy requirements. Membrane-based separation technologies have already gained attention due to their reduced energy requirements, investment in lower labor costs, lower space requirements, and wide flexibility in operations. For the selective conversion of biomasses to bioethanol, membrane bioreactors are specifically well suited. Advanced membrane-integrated processes can effectively contribute to different stages of bioethanol production processes, including enzymatic saccharification, concentrating feed solutions for fermentation, improving pretreatment processes, and finally purification processes. Advanced membrane-integrated simultaneous saccharification, filtration, and fermentation strategies consisting of ultrafiltration-based enzyme recycle system with nanofiltration-based high-density cell recycle fermentation system or the combination of high-density cell recycle fermentation system with membrane pervaporation or distillation can definitely contribute to the development of the most efficient and economically sustainable second-generation bioethanol production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinaki Dey
- Department of Biotechnology , Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences , Karunya Nagar Coimbatore 641114 , India
| | - Parimal Pal
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Institute of Technology , Durgapur , India
| | - Joseph Dilip Kevin
- Department of Biotechnology , Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences , Coimbatore , India
| | - Diganta Bhusan Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of AACME , Loughborough University , Loughborough, Leicestershire , UK
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27
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Fractionation of lignocellulosic biopolymers from sugarcane bagasse using formic acid-catalyzed organosolv process. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:221. [PMID: 29682440 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1244-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A one-step formic acid-catalyzed organosolv process using a low-boiling point acid-solvent system was studied for fractionation of sugarcane bagasse. Compared to H2SO4, the use of formic acid as a promoter resulted in higher efficiency and selectivity on removals of hemicellulose and lignin with increased enzymatic digestibility of the cellulose-enriched solid fraction. The optimal condition from central composite design analysis was determined as 40 min residence time at 159 °C using water/ethanol/ethyl acetate/formic acid in the respective ratios of 43:20:16:21%v/v. Under this condition, a 94.6% recovery of cellulose was obtained in the solid with 80.2% cellulose content while 91.4 and 80.4% of hemicellulose and lignin were removed to the aqueous-alcohol-acid and ethyl acetate phases, respectively. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the solid yielded 84.5% glucose recovery compared to available glucan in the raw material. Physicochemical analysis revealed intact cellulose fibers with decreased crystallinity while the hemicellulose was partially recovered as mono- and oligomeric sugars. High-purity organosolv lignin with < 1% sugar cross-contamination was obtained with no major structural modification according to Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The work represents an alternative process for efficient fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass in biorefineries.
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Qin Z, Zhang ZG, Liu HM, Qin GY, Wang XD. Acetic acid lignins from Chinese quince fruit (Chaenomeles sinensis): effect of pretreatment on their structural features and antioxidant activities. RSC Adv 2018; 8:24923-24931. [PMID: 35542132 PMCID: PMC9082293 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04009e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, three pretreatment processes were evaluated for their effects on the structural features and antioxidant activities of lignins extracted by the acetosolv process from the fruit of Chinese quince. The three pretreatments included dephenolization, sugar removal, and multiple processes (a combination of both dephenolization and sugar removal). The results showed that after sugar removal pretreatment, the carbohydrate content, the molecular weight and S/G value of the lignin fractions decreased. However, after dephenolization pretreatment, the carbohydrate content and the molecular weight of the lignin fractions increased. After sugar removal and dephenolization, there were increases in the temperatures corresponding to the maximal rate of decomposition (DTGmax) in all lignin fractions. The radical scavenging index of lignin after sugar removal pretreatment was higher compared to other pretreatments and no treatment. The results of these tests showed that sugar removal, as a pretreatment, enhanced lignin extraction, yielding pure and highly functional lignins. Additionally, dephenolization or multiple process were beneficial to the acquisition of macromolecular lignins. All the results provided references for the biorefinery of biomass rich in polyphenol and sugar compounds. Three pretreatments, including sugar removal, dephenolization and multiple processes, are applied on the lignin extraction from Chinese quince fruits.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Qin
- School of Physics and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
- College of Food Science and Technology
| | - Zhao-Guo Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology
- College of International Education
- Henan University of Technology
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
| | - Hua-Min Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology
- College of International Education
- Henan University of Technology
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
| | - Guang-Yong Qin
- School of Physics and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
| | - Xue-De Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology
- College of International Education
- Henan University of Technology
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
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Chen TY, Wen JL, Wang B, Wang HM, Liu CF, Sun RC. Assessment of integrated process based on autohydrolysis and robust delignification process for enzymatic saccharification of bamboo. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:717-725. [PMID: 28822283 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) was successfully deconstructed using an integrated process (autohydrolysis and subsequent delignification). Xylooligosaccharides, high-purity lignin, and digestible substrates for producing glucose can be consecutively collected during the integrated process. The structural change and fate of lignin during autohydrolysis process was deeply investigated. Additionally, the structural characteristics and active functional groups of the lignin fractions obtained by these delignification processes were thoroughly investigated by NMR (2D-HSQC and 31P NMR) and GPC techniques. The chemical compositions (S, G, and H) and major linkages (β-O-4, β-β, β-5, etc.) were thoroughly assigned and the frequencies of the major lignin linkages were quantitatively compared. Considering the structural characteristics and molecular weights of the lignin as well as enzymatic saccharification ratio of the substrate, the combination of autohydrolysis and organic base-catalyzed ethanol pretreatment was deemed as a promising biorefinery mode in the future based on bamboo feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Ying Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jia-Long Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Han-Min Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chuan-Fu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Li SX, Li MF, Bian J, Sun SN, Peng F, Xue ZM. Biphasic 2-methyltetrahydrofuran/oxalic acid/water pretreatment to enhance cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis and lignin valorization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 243:1105-1111. [PMID: 28764117 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A biphasic pretreatment was adopted to disturb the recalcitrant structure of bamboo for further enzymatic hydrolysis and to obtain easily valorized lignin by-product. The biphasic system consisted of biomass-derived chemicals-2-methyltetrahydrofuran and oxalic acid as well as water, and the reactions were conducted at 120-180°C for 20min. The treatment resulted in notable removal of hemicelluloses and lignin. After the pretreatment, the cellulose conversion rate during enzymatic hydrolysis was enhanced by 6.7-fold as compared to the unpretreated raw material. Comprehensive analysis of the lignin product indicated that it exhibited representative structure (such as β-O-4, β-β linkages) as compared to native lignin, contained a very low amount of contaminated sugars (0.67-2.39%), and had a relatively medium molecular weight (Mw 2240-3730g/mol) and good solubility in many organic solvents. This indicated that the lignin showed great potential application in conversion into materials and liquid fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xian Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ming-Fei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jing Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shao-Ni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhi-Min Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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31
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Chen JH, Liu JG, Yuan TQ, Sun RC. Comparison of cellulose and chitin nanocrystals for reinforcing regenerated cellulose fibers. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Huan Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Pulping and Papermaking; China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute; Beijing 100102 China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry; Beijing Forestry University; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Jin-Gang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Pulping and Papermaking; China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute; Beijing 100102 China
| | - Tong-Qi Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry; Beijing Forestry University; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry; Beijing Forestry University; Beijing 100083 China
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Djajadi DT, Hansen AR, Jensen A, Thygesen LG, Pinelo M, Meyer AS, Jørgensen H. Surface properties correlate to the digestibility of hydrothermally pretreated lignocellulosic Poaceae biomass feedstocks. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:49. [PMID: 28250817 PMCID: PMC5322652 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0730-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding factors that govern lignocellulosic biomass recalcitrance is a prerequisite for designing efficient 2nd generation biorefining processes. However, the reasons and mechanisms responsible for quantitative differences in enzymatic digestibility of various biomass feedstocks in response to hydrothermal pretreatment at different severities are still not sufficiently understood. RESULTS Potentially important lignocellulosic feedstocks for biorefining, corn stover (Zea mays subsp. mays L.), stalks of Miscanthus × giganteus, and wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.) were systematically hydrothermally pretreated; each at three different severities of 3.65, 3.83, and 3.97, respectively, and the enzymatic digestibility was assessed. Pretreated samples of Miscanthus × giganteus stalks were the least digestible among the biomass feedstocks producing ~24 to 66.6% lower glucose yields than the other feedstocks depending on pretreatment severity and enzyme dosage. Bulk biomass composition analyses, 2D nuclear magnetic resonance, and comprehensive microarray polymer profiling were not able to explain the observed differences in recalcitrance among the pretreated feedstocks. However, methods characterizing physical and chemical features of the biomass surfaces, specifically contact angle measurements (wettability) and attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy (surface biopolymer composition) produced data correlating pretreatment severity and enzymatic digestibility, and they also revealed differences that correlated to enzymatic glucose yield responses among the three different biomass types. CONCLUSION The study revealed that to a large extent, factors related to physico-chemical surface properties, namely surface wettability as assessed by contact angle measurements and surface content of hemicellulose, lignin, and wax as assessed by ATR-FTIR rather than bulk biomass chemical composition correlated to the recalcitrance of the tested biomass types. The data provide new insight into how hydrothermal pretreatment severity affects surface properties of key Poaceae lignocellulosic biomass and may help design new approaches to overcome biomass recalcitrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demi T. Djajadi
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Aleksander R. Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anders Jensen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth G. Thygesen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Manuel Pinelo
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anne S. Meyer
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Henning Jørgensen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Zhao Y, Tan H, Xu Y, Zou L. Multi-level dissolution and hydrolysis of lignocellulosic waste with a semi-flow hydrothermal system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:496-503. [PMID: 27176669 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The hydrothermal process is efficient in lignocellulosic conversion and is beneficial to potential bioethanol production. In batch- and flow-type processes, concurrent dissolution and hydrolysis of lignocellulose result in product loss and inhibitory intermediates. Therefore, multi-level hydrothermal conversion of corn stalks was implemented with a semi-flow system to provide different residence times to undissolved compounds and facilitate dissolution or hydrolysis at respective optimal conditions. First-stage dissolution dissolved amorphous hemicellulose and lignin at 195-200°C. Xylan, acid soluble lignin, and part of Klason lignin were dissolved without affecting glucan. In second-stage dissolution, the crystallinity of the undissolved materials suddenly decreased at 245-250°C. The cellulose dissolution ratio was higher than 75%. Soluble sugars were obtained after the hydrolysis of dissolved cellulose at 280°C. The results provide significant information on the multi-level hydrothermal process and its potential applications for recovering valuable chemicals from lignocellulosic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Haobo Tan
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yingjie Xu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Lei Zou
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Chen C, Zhu M, Li M, Fan Y, Sun RC. Epoxidation and etherification of alkaline lignin to prepare water-soluble derivatives and its performance in improvement of enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:87. [PMID: 27087854 PMCID: PMC4832561 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0499-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the depletion of fossil resources and their environmental impact, woody biomass has received much attention as an alternative resource. Lignin, as the third most abundant biopolymer from biomass, is now considered as an excellent alternative feedstock for chemicals and materials. The conversion of lignin to the value-added products is a key process to achieve an integrated biorefinery of woody biomass. Among these value-added products, lignin-based derivatives with good surface activity can be applied to enhance the conversion of cellulose into fermentable sugars, which not only decrease the cost of bioethanol production, but also reduce the environmental pollution and green house effect resulting from the burning of fossil resources. RESULTS Water-soluble alkaline lignin was synthesized by the reaction between polyethylene glycols (PEG600 and PEG1000) and epoxy lignin. FT-IR and NMR analyses indicated that PEGs were successively introduced into epoxy alkaline lignin using potassium persulfate as a catalyst. Emulsification and surface activity tests indicated that the surface tension of the prepared lignin derivative solution was 43.30 mN/m at the critical micelle concentration (1.03 %). A stable emulsions layer was formed with hexanes and the emulsion particle diameter in the emulsion phase for all products was observed at 10-50 μm. The results of enzymatic hydrolysis indicated that the products derived from PEG1000-grafted lignin resulted in the highest increasing rate of 18.6 % of glucose yield during the enzymatic hydrolysis of hardwood bleached pulp. The results of fermentation experiments suggested that the product had no toxicity for fermentation micro-organisms. CONCLUSION Water-soluble alkaline lignin derivatives were prepared through epoxidation and etherification, which are promising feedstocks for detergents, emulsifier, and additive to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and ethanol fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzhou Chen
- />Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Mingqiang Zhu
- />Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
- />College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Mingfei Li
- />Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Yongming Fan
- />Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- />Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
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Sun S, Sun S, Cao X, Sun R. The role of pretreatment in improving the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 199:49-58. [PMID: 26321216 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic materials are among the most promising alternative energy resources that can be utilized to produce cellulosic ethanol. However, the physical and chemical structure of lignocellulosic materials forms strong native recalcitrance and results in relatively low yield of ethanol from raw lignocellulosic materials. An appropriate pretreatment method is required to overcome this recalcitrance. For decades various pretreatment processes have been developed to improve the digestibility of lignocellulosic biomass. Each pretreatment process has a different specificity on altering the physical and chemical structure of lignocellulosic materials. In this paper, the chemical structure of lignocellulosic biomass and factors likely affect the digestibility of lignocellulosic materials are discussed, and then an overview about the most important pretreatment processes available are provided. In particular, the combined pretreatment strategies are reviewed for improving the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose and realizing the comprehensive utilization of lignocellulosic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shaolong Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xuefei Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Runcang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Changes in physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibility of common buckwheat starch by heat-moisture treatment and annealing. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 132:237-44. [PMID: 26256346 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Heat-moisture treatment (HMT) and annealing (ANN) were applied in the test to investigate how they can affect the physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibility of common buckwheat starch (CBS). In the practice, these two modification methods did not change typical 'A'-type X-ray diffraction pattern of CBS. However, the gelatinization temperature, amylose content, and relative crystallinity increased and peak viscosity value and gelatinization enthalpy of CBS declined significantly. Both the solubility and swelling power, which were temperature dependent, progressively decreased along with the treatments. Remarkable increase in slowly digested starch and resistant starch level was found at the same time. Besides, the decreases of rapidly digested starch and total hydrolysis content by using HMT were greater than by using ANN. The results indicated that the ANN and HMT efficiently modified physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibility of CBS and were able to improve its thermal stability, healthy benefits and application value.
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Zakaria MR, Norrrahim MNF, Hirata S, Hassan MA. Hydrothermal and wet disk milling pretreatment for high conversion of biosugars from oil palm mesocarp fiber. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 181:263-9. [PMID: 25659104 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Eco-friendly pretreatment methods for lignocellulosic biomass are being developed as alternatives to chemical based methods. Superheated steam (SHS), hot compressed water (HCW) and wet disk milling (WDM) were used individually and with combination to partially remove hemicellulose and alter the lignin composition of recalcitrant structure of oil palm mesocarp fiber (OPMF). The efficiency of the pretreatment methods was evaluated based on the chemical compositions altered, SEM analysis, power consumption and degree of enzymatic digestibility. Hemicellulose removal (94.8%) was more pronounced under HCW compared to SHS, due to maximal contact of water and production of acetic acid which enhanced further degradation of hemicellulose. Subsequent treatment with WDM resulted in defibrillation of OPMF and expansion of the specific surface area thus increasing the conversion of cellulose to glucose. The highest glucose yield was 98.1% (g/g-substrate) when pretreated with HCW (200 °C, 20 min) and WDM which only consumed 9.6 MJ/kg of OPMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Rafein Zakaria
- Biomass Refinery Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan; Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Satoshi Hirata
- Biomass Refinery Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Mohd Ali Hassan
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Asada C, Sasaki C, Hirano T, Nakamura Y. Chemical characteristics and enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass treated using high-temperature saturated steam: comparison of softwood and hardwood. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 182:245-250. [PMID: 25704097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of high-temperature saturated steam treatments on the chemical characteristics and enzymatic saccharification of softwood and hardwood. The weight loss and chemical modification of cedar and beech wood pieces treated at 25, 35, and 45 atm for 5 min were determined. Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction analyses indicated that solubilization and removal of hemicellulose and lignin occurred by the steam treatment. The milling treatment of steam-treated wood enhanced its enzymatic saccharification. Maximum enzymatic saccharification (i.e., 94% saccharification rate of cellulose) was obtained using steam-treated beech at 35 atm for 5 min followed by milling treatment for 1 min. However, the necessity of the milling treatment for efficient enzymatic saccharification is dependent on the wood species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikako Asada
- Department of Life System, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima, 2-1 Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Chizuru Sasaki
- Department of Life System, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima, 2-1 Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hirano
- Department of Life System, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima, 2-1 Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Yoshitoshi Nakamura
- Department of Life System, Institute of Technology and Science, The University of Tokushima, 2-1 Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan.
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Sun SL, Sun SN, Wen JL, Zhang XM, Peng F, Sun RC. Assessment of integrated process based on hydrothermal and alkaline treatments for enzymatic saccharification of sweet sorghum stems. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 175:473-9. [PMID: 25459857 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, sweet sorghum stem was subjected to hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) and alkaline post-treatment to enhance its saccharification ratio by reducing its recalcitrance. The results showed that the HTP (110-210°C, 0.5-2.0h) significantly degraded hemicelluloses, and the pretreatment at the temperature higher than 190°C led to the partial degradation of the cellulose. As compared to the sole HTP, the integrated process removed most of lignin and hemicelluloses, which incurred a higher cellulose saccharification ratio. Under an optimum condition evaluated (HTP at 170°C for 0.5h and subsequent 2% NaOH treatment), 77.5% saccharification ratio was achieved, which was 1.8, 2.0 and 5.5 times as compared to the only HTP pretreated substrates, alkaline treated substrates alone and the raw material without pretreatment, respectively. Clearly, the integrated process can be considered as a promising approach to achieve an efficient conversion of lignocellulose to fermentable glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Long Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-Ni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Long Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Ming Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Yang Z, Zhang M, Xin D, Wang J, Zhang J. Evaluation of aqueous ammonia pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis of different fractions of bamboo shoot and mature bamboo. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 173:198-206. [PMID: 25305649 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The production of fermentable sugars from different fractions of bamboo shoots and mature bamboos (Phyllostachys heterocycla var. pubescens) by cellulase and/or xylanase was investigated. Aqueous ammonia pretreatment exhibited high but different delignification capacities for different bamboo fractions. Supplementation of cellulases with xylanase synergistically improved the glucose and xylose yields of mature bamboo fractions. High hydrolyzability was observed in the hydrolysis of both non-pretreated and pretreated bamboo shoot fractions, suggesting pretreatment was not necessary for the hydrolysis of bamboo shoots. High hydrolyzability together with the advantages of low lignin content, fast growth, and widely distribution demonstrated that bamboo shoots were excellent lignocellulosic materials for the production of bioethanol and other biochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Yang
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Maomao Zhang
- Research Institute of Wood Industry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Donglin Xin
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China.
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