1
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Gu XC, Zhang QF, Pang YH, Shen XF. Microwave-assisted esterification and electro-enhanced solid-phase microextraction of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in eggs. Food Chem 2024; 448:139060. [PMID: 38537548 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs), a type of fatty acid that has many health benefits, are of increasing concern. Herein, we developed a method for the rapid esterification and enrichment of ω-3 PUFAs in eggs, which includes microwave-assisted esterification (MAE) and electrically enhanced solid-phase microextraction (EE-SPME). Combined with gas chromatographic, efficient detection of ω-3 PUFAs was achieved in eggs. Under microwave radiation, the esterification efficiency exhibited a significant increase ranging from 5.06 to 10.65 times. The EE-SPME method reduced extraction time from 50 to 15 min. In addition, improvements in extractive fiber coating materials were explored, which ensured efficient extraction of ω-3 PUFAs. Under the optimal conditions, the method displayed a low detection limit (1.01-1.54 μg L-1), good recoveries (85.82%-106.01%), and wide linear range (7.5-1000 μg L-1), which was successfully applied to determine ω-3 PUFAs in real egg samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Chun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qiu-Fang Zhang
- Zibo Institute of Inspection, Testing and Metrology, Zibo 255199, Shandong, China
| | - Yue-Hong Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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2
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Qiao X, Sun S. Synthesis of lipophilic antioxidant tyrosol laurate using imidazolium ionic liquid [Bmim]HSO 4 as a catalyst. Food Chem 2024; 442:138418. [PMID: 38237293 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Tyrosol is a natural phenolic compound with potent antioxidant properties in the field of food manufacturing. However, the low lipophilicity of tyrosol limited its application. Therefore, the construction of tyrosol laurate (Tyr-L) could effectively overcome the limitations of tyrosol. In this work, four ionic liquids (ILs) were applied for TYr-L preparation. Among them, the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([Bmim]HSO4) showed the best catalytic performance. The maximum TYr-L yield was achieved (94.24 ± 1.23 %) under the optimal conditions (reaction temperature 119 °C, substrate ratio 1:6.7, IL dosage 9.2 %, and reaction time 12 h). The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were also evaluated and it was found that Ea, ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG were 80.81 kJ·mol-1, 77.63 kJ·mol-1, -82.08 J·(mol·K)-1, and 109.89 kJ·mol-1, respectively. The acidic [Bmim]HSO4 demonstrated excellent reusability and stability, even after 6 cycles. Furthermore, TYr-L showed superior ABTS radical scavenging ability, which could be further applied in various industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Yaoyao Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China.
| | - Xing Qiao
- National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China.
| | - Shangde Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, PR China.
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3
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Bizualem YD, Nurie AG. A review on recent biodiesel intensification process through cavitation and microwave reactors: Yield, energy, and economic analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24643. [PMID: 38312610 PMCID: PMC10834826 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of biodiesel as a reliable and green energy source has grown over the past few years. Biodiesel is sustainable and biodegradable because it is only made from vegetable contents and waste cooking oil. Although biodiesel has many advantages over conventional fuels, there are still a lot of technological issues that need to be addressed during the production process. The yield of biodiesel produced using conventional methods is poor and the process is time-consuming. Process enhancements like cavitation and microwave have thus been developed to address this problem. Starting with a comparison to the conventional biodiesel process, this paper has reviewed the most recent developments in the increase of mixture and transfer of heat in these two reactors. This paper examined biodiesel improvement using microwave and cavitation reactors, including biodiesel yield, by meticulously reviewing and analyzing previous works. The production of biodiesel from various raw materials using a range of catalysts, energy requirements, as well as operating factors, activation energy, and constraints also have been discussed. Additionally, the economic analysis discusses the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of implementing these technologies on a commercial scale. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the intensification of biodiesel production using cavitation and microwave reactors while considering both the technical and economic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonas Desta Bizualem
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kombolcha Institute of Technology, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 208, Kombolcha, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Gashu Nurie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kombolcha Institute of Technology, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 208, Kombolcha, Ethiopia
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4
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Putrawan IDGA, Azharuddin A, Jumrawati J. Preparing epoxidized vegetable oil from waste generated by the kapok fiber industry and assessing its thermal stabilization effect as a co-stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19624. [PMID: 37810066 PMCID: PMC10558881 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the epoxidation of vegetable oil derived from waste kapok seeds using performic acid, which was generated in situ with sulfuric acid acting as a catalyst. The mole ratio of formic acid to double bonds varied between 0.25 and 1.00. The completion of the reaction has been verified by analyzing FTIR and NMR spectra. The resulting epoxidized kapok seed oil (EKSO) has a maximum oxirane oxygen content of 2.7%, achieved at a formic acid to double bond mole ratio of 0.5. The study has also examined the potential use of EKSO as a co-stabilizer in the presence of Ca/Zn stearate for stabilizing polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Both static and dynamic tests demonstrated that incorporating EKSO into the Ca/Zn stearate system leads to a significant increase in the thermal stability of PVC. Moreover, the effectiveness of EKSO as a co-stabilizer was found to be comparable to that of epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO). However, the use of EKSO did result in a decrease in the strength of PVC due to an increase in plasticity, although this effect was minimal at low dosages and was also observed with ESBO. On the other hand, when utilizing small doses (<2 phr), there is a tendency for flowability to decrease, but the reduction is not significant either. Overall, these findings suggest that EKSO could be a valuable co-stabilizer for PVC in industrial applications, as it enhances PVC's thermal stability without significantly compromising its mechanical and flow properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Dewa Gede Arsa Putrawan
- Chemical Engineering Product Design and Development Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Adli Azharuddin
- Chemical Engineering Product Design and Development Research Group, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Jumrawati Jumrawati
- Master Program in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
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5
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Jumaah MA, Salih N, Salimon J. D-optimal design optimization of unsaturated palm fatty acid distillate and trimethylolpropane esterification for biolubricant production. CR CHIM 2022. [DOI: 10.5802/crchim.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Highly efficient CaO–ZSM-5 zeolite/Fe3O4 as a magnetic acid–base catalyst upon biodiesel production from used cooking oil. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-02121-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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7
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Development of Microwave-Assisted Sulfonated Glucose Catalyst for Biodiesel Production from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD). BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING & CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.16.3.10520.601-622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Microwave-heating method for catalyst preparation has been utilized recently due to its shorter operation time compared to the conventional method. Glucose, a renewable carbon source can be partially carbonized and sulfonated via microwave heating which could result in highly potential heterogeneous carbon-based acid catalyst. In this study, the impacts of the carbonization and sulfonation parameters during the catalyst preparation were investigated. Catalysts prepared were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET), and Temperature Programmed Desorption–Ammonia (TPD-NH3). Analysis of the carbonization screening process discovered that the best incomplete carbonized glucose (ICG) prepared was at 20 minutes, 20 g of D(+)-glucose with medium microwave power level (400W) which exhibited the highest percentage yield (91.41%) of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The total surface area and acid site density obtained were 16.94 m2/g and 25.65 mmol/g, respectively. Regeneration test was further carried out and succeeded to achieve 6 cycles. The highest turnover frequency (TOF) of the sulfonated catalyst was methyl palmitate, 25.214´10−3 s−1 compared to other component of the methyl ester. Kinetic study was developed throughout the esterification process and activation energy from the forward and reverse reaction was 3.36 kJ/mol and 11.96 kJ/mol, respectively. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
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8
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Encinar J, Nogales-Delgado S, Sánchez N. Pre-esterification of high acidity animal fats to produce biodiesel: A kinetic study. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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9
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Zhou J, Li W, Kong C, Li D, Cui Z, Xue Y, Lu Y, Ren Q. Preparation of a novel ionic liquid and its application in the synthesis of trimethylolpropane trioleate. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-021-01944-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Delavault A, Ochs K, Gorte O, Syldatk C, Durand E, Ochsenreither K. Microwave-Assisted One-Pot Lipid Extraction and Glycolipid Production from Oleaginous Yeast Saitozyma podzolica in Sugar Alcohol-Based Media. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020470. [PMID: 33477445 PMCID: PMC7829979 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolipids are non-ionic surfactants occurring in numerous products of daily life. Due to their surface-activity, emulsifying properties, and foaming abilities, they can be applied in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Enzymatic synthesis of glycolipids based on carbohydrates and free fatty acids or esters is often catalyzed using certain acyltransferases in reaction media of low water activity, e.g., organic solvents or notably Deep Eutectic Systems (DESs). Existing reports describing integrated processes for glycolipid production from renewables use many reaction steps, therefore this study aims at simplifying the procedure. By using microwave dielectric heating, DESs preparation was first accelerated considerably. A comparative study revealed a preparation time on average 16-fold faster than the conventional heating method in an incubator. Furthermore, lipids from robust oleaginous yeast biomass were successfully extracted up to 70% without using the pre-treatment method for cell disruption, limiting logically the energy input necessary for such process. Acidified DESs consisting of either xylitol or sorbitol and choline chloride mediated the one-pot process, allowing subsequent conversion of the lipids into mono-acylated palmitate, oleate, linoleate, and stearate sugar alcohol esters. Thus, we show strong evidence that addition of immobilized Candida antarctica Lipase B (Novozym 435®), in acidified DES mixture, enables a simplified and fast glycolipid synthesis using directly oleaginous yeast biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Delavault
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (K.O.); (O.G.); (C.S.); (K.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-721-60846739
| | - Katarina Ochs
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (K.O.); (O.G.); (C.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Olga Gorte
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (K.O.); (O.G.); (C.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (K.O.); (O.G.); (C.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Erwann Durand
- CIRAD, UMR QualiSud, F-34398 Montpellier, France;
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Institut Agro, Univ Avignon, Univ Réunion, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Katrin Ochsenreither
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (K.O.); (O.G.); (C.S.); (K.O.)
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11
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An acceleration of microwave-assisted transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester into trimethylolpropane ester. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19652. [PMID: 33184363 PMCID: PMC7665203 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76775-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Microwave-assisted synthesis is known to accelerate the transesterification process and address the issues associated with the conventional thermal process, such as the processing time and the energy input requirement. Herein, the effect of microwave irradiation on the transesterification of palm oil methyl ester (PME) with trimethylolpropane (TMP) was evaluated. The reaction system was investigated through five process parameters, which were reaction temperature, catalyst, time, molar ratio of TMP to PME and vacuum pressure. The yield of TMP triester at 66.9 wt.% and undesirable fatty soap at 17.4% were obtained at 130 °C, 10 mbar, sodium methoxide solution at 0.6 wt.%, 10 min reaction time and molar ratio of TMP to PME at 1:4. The transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester to trimethylolpropane ester was 3.1 folds faster in the presence of microwave irradiation. The total energy requirement was markedly reduced as compared to the conventional heating method. The findings indicate that microwave-assisted transesterification could probably be an answer to the quest for a cheaper biodegradable biolubricant.
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12
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Tumkot L, Quitain AT, Boonnoun P, Laosiripojana N, Kida T, Shotipruk A. Synergizing Sulfonated Hydrothermal Carbon and Microwave Irradiation for Intensified Esterification Reaction. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:23542-23548. [PMID: 32984673 PMCID: PMC7512435 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The synergy of sulfonated hydrothermal carbon and microwave (MW) irradiation was applied for the esterification of oleic acid with methanol (MeOH) to produce biodiesel. The effects of temperature, reaction time, ratio of oleic acid to methanol, and catalyst loading were investigated at a fixed MW power of 400 W. The addition of hexane, serving as a co-solvent and separator, was also investigated. The optimum conditions for the proposed process were oleic acid-to-methanol molar ratio of 1:5 and hexane-to-methanol ratio of 0.5 (v/v) in the presence of a 5 wt % catalyst, at 100 °C for 60 min, obtaining a 97% yield of oleic acid methyl ester. The addition of slight amounts of hexane resulted into an eightfold reduction in the amount of MeOH needed to obtain a yield above 90%, which normally required a MeOH-to-oil ratio of 40:1. This proposed novel approach could provide a more cost-effective method for the esterification of oil to produce biodiesel, that is, reactive separation utilizing carbon-based catalysts under MW irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laddawan Tumkot
- Bio-Circular-Green-economy
Technology
& Engineering Center, BCGeTEC, Department of Chemical Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Armando T. Quitain
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Advanced Science
and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Center
for International Education, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Panatpong Boonnoun
- Department
of Industrial Engineering, Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of
Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Navadol Laosiripojana
- The
Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut’s University of Technology-Thonburi, Pracha Uthit Road, Bangmod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Tetsuya Kida
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Advanced Science
and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Artiwan Shotipruk
- Bio-Circular-Green-economy
Technology
& Engineering Center, BCGeTEC, Department of Chemical Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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13
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Zhang J, Hu Y, Zhang F, Lu J, Huang J, Liu C, Jia P, Hu L, An R, Zhou Y. Recent Progress in Microwave-assisted Modification of Vegetable Oils or Their Derivatives. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999200510231702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Vegetable oils have been widely used in food, surfactants, lubricants, biodiesel,
coatings, and other fields due to their advantages such as renewable, abundant, suitable for
further processing, and biodegradable. On the other hand, microwave technology has attracted
extensive attention in organic and polymeric chemistry because the technology can
greatly shorten the reaction time, improve the yield of products, reduce side reactions, etc.
This paper summarized recent advances on the microwave-assisted modification of vegetable
oils or their derivatives, such as esterification of free fatty acids, transesterification
of triglycerides, epoxidation, and polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshuai Zhang
- Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 16 Suojin Wucun, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 16 Suojin Wucun, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 16 Suojin Wucun, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Jianyu Lu
- Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 16 Suojin Wucun, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 16 Suojin Wucun, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Chengguo Liu
- Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 16 Suojin Wucun, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Puyou Jia
- Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 16 Suojin Wucun, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Lihong Hu
- Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 16 Suojin Wucun, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Rongrong An
- College of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yonghong Zhou
- Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province; Key Lab of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration; National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 16 Suojin Wucun, Nanjing, 210042, China
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14
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Binnal P, Amruth A, Basawaraj MP, Chethan TS, Murthy KRS, Rajashekhara S. Microwave-assisted esterification and transesterification of dairy scum oil for biodiesel production: kinetics and optimisation studies. Chem Ind 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2020.1748124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Binnal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, India
| | - A. Amruth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, India
| | - M. P. Basawaraj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, India
| | - T. S. Chethan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, India
| | - K. R. S. Murthy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, India
| | - S. Rajashekhara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru, India
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15
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Zhang Q, Ling D, Lei D, Wang J, Liu X, Zhang Y, Ma P. Green and Facile Synthesis of Metal-Organic Framework Cu-BTC-Supported Sn (II)-Substituted Keggin Heteropoly Composites as an Esterification Nanocatalyst for Biodiesel Production. Front Chem 2020; 8:129. [PMID: 32257993 PMCID: PMC7094214 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, metal-organic framework Cu-BTC-supported Sn (II)-substituted Keggin heteropoly nanocomposite (Sn1.5PW/Cu-BTC) was successfully prepared by a simple impregnation method and applied as a novel nanocatalyst for producing biodiesel from oleic acid (OA) through esterification. The nanocatalyst was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption-desorption, thermogravimetrics (TG), and NH3-temperature-programmed desorption (NH3-TPD). Accordingly, the synthesized nanocatalyst with a Sn1.5PW/Cu-BTC weight ratio of 1 exhibited a relatively large specific surface area, appropriate pore size, and high acidity. Moreover, an OA conversion of 87.7% was achieved under optimum reaction conditions. The nanocatalyst was reused seven times, and the OA conversion remained at more than 80% after three uses. Kinetic study showed that the esterification reaction followed first-order kinetics, and the activation energy (E a ) was calculated to be 38.3 kJ/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun, China
- Engineering Technology Center of Control and Remediation of Soil Contamination of Provincial Science & Technology Bureau, Anshun University, Anshun, China
| | - Dan Ling
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun, China
| | - Dandan Lei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun, China
| | - Jialu Wang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun, China
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yutao Zhang
- Engineering Technology Center of Control and Remediation of Soil Contamination of Provincial Science & Technology Bureau, Anshun University, Anshun, China
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Anshun University, Anshun, China
| | - Peihua Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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16
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Han B, Zhang W, Yin F, Liu S, Zhao X, Liu J, Wang C, Yang H. Optimization and kinetic study of methyl laurate synthesis using ionic liquid [Hnmp]HSO 4 as a catalyst. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:180672. [PMID: 30839696 PMCID: PMC6170529 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Methyl laurate was synthesized from lauric acid (LA) and methanol via an esterification reaction using ionic liquids (ILs) as catalysts. The efficiencies of three different catalysts, 1-methylimidazole hydrogen sulfate ([Hmim]HSO4), 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidonium hydrogen sulfate ([Hnmp]HSO4) and H2SO4, were compared. The effect of the methanol/LA molar ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time and catalyst dosage on the esterification rate of LA was investigated by single-factor experiments. Based on the single-factor experiments, the esterification of LA and methanol was optimized using response surface methodology. The results showed that the most effective catalyst was the IL [Hnmp]HSO4. The optimal conditions were as follows: [Hnmp]HSO4 dosage of 5.23%, methanol/LA molar ratio of 7.68 : 1, reaction time of 2.27 h and reaction temperature of 70°C. Under these conditions, the LA conversion of the esterification reached 98.58%. A kinetic study indicated that the esterification was a second-order reaction with an activation energy and a frequency factor of 68.45 kJ mol-1 and 1.9189 × 109 min-1, respectively. The catalytic activity of [Hnmp]HSO4 remained high after five cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benyong Han
- Faculty of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, No. 768, Juxian Street, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 South Jingming Road, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wudi Zhang
- Faculty of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, No. 768, Juxian Street, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Yin
- Faculty of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, No. 768, Juxian Street, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqing Liu
- Faculty of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, No. 768, Juxian Street, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingling Zhao
- Faculty of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, No. 768, Juxian Street, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Faculty of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, No. 768, Juxian Street, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Changmei Wang
- Faculty of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, No. 768, Juxian Street, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yang
- Faculty of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, No. 768, Juxian Street, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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17
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Priecel P, Perez Mejia JE, Carà PD, Lopez-Sanchez JA. Microwaves in the Catalytic Valorisation of Biomass Derivatives. SUSTAINABLE CATALYSIS FOR BIOREFINERIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788013567-00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The application of microwave irradiation in the transformation of biomass has been receiving particular interest in recent years due to the use of polar media in such processes and it is now well-known that for biomass conversion, and particularly for lignocellulose hydrolysis, microwave irradiation can dramatically increase reaction rates with no negative consequences on product selectivity. However, it is only in the last ten years that the utilisation of microwaves has been coupled with catalysis aiming towards valorising biomass components or their derivatives via a range of reactions where high selectivity is required in addition to enhanced conversions. The reduced reaction times and superior yields are particularly attractive as they might facilitate the transition towards flow reactors and intensified production. As a consequence, several reports now describe the catalytic transformation of biomass derivatives via hydrogenation, oxidation, dehydration, esterification and transesterification using microwaves. Clearly, this technology has a huge potential for biomass conversion towards chemicals and fuels and will be an important tool within the biorefinery toolkit. The aim of this chapter is to give the reader an overview of the exciting scientific work carried out to date where microwave reactors and catalysis are combined in the transformation of biomass and its derivatives to higher value molecules and products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Priecel
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Javier Eduardo Perez Mejia
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Piera Demma Carà
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
- MicroBioRefinery Facility, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Jose A. Lopez-Sanchez
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
- MicroBioRefinery Facility, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
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18
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Aguilera AF, Tolvanen P, Heredia S, Muñoz MG, Samson T, Oger A, Verove A, Eränen K, Leveneur S, Mikkola JP, Salmi T. Epoxidation of Fatty Acids and Vegetable Oils Assisted by Microwaves Catalyzed by a Cation Exchange Resin. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b05293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Freites Aguilera
- Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500,Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - Pasi Tolvanen
- Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500,Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - Shuyana Heredia
- Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500,Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - Marta González Muñoz
- Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500,Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - Tina Samson
- INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, LSPC, Normandie Université, EA4704, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Adrien Oger
- INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, LSPC, Normandie Université, EA4704, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Antoine Verove
- INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, LSPC, Normandie Université, EA4704, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Kari Eränen
- Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500,Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - Sebastien Leveneur
- Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500,Åbo-Turku, Finland
- INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, LSPC, Normandie Université, EA4704, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Jyri-Pekka Mikkola
- Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500,Åbo-Turku, Finland
- Technical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Chemical-Biological Centre, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tapio Salmi
- Industrial Chemistry & Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500,Åbo-Turku, Finland
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19
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Trinh H, Yusup S, Uemura Y. Optimization and kinetic study of ultrasonic assisted esterification process from rubber seed oil. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 247:51-57. [PMID: 28946094 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, rubber seed oil (RSO) has been considered as a promising potential oil source for biodiesel production. However, RSO is a non-edible feedstock with a significant high free fatty acid (FFA) content which has an adverse impact on the process of biodiesel production. In this study, ultrasonic-assisted esterification process was conducted as a pre-treatment step to reduce the high FFA content of RSO from 40.14% to 0.75%. Response surface methodology (RSM) using central composite design (CCD) was applied to the design of experiments (DOE) and the optimization of esterification process. The result showed that methanol to oil molar ratio was the most influential factor for FFA reduction whereas the effect of amount of catalyst and the reaction were both insignificant. The kinetic study revealed that the activation energy and the frequency factor of the process are 52.577kJ/mol and 3.53×108min-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Trinh
- Chemical Engineering Department, Biomass Processing Laboratory, Center of Biofuel and Biochemical Research (CBBR), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Yusup
- Chemical Engineering Department, Biomass Processing Laboratory, Center of Biofuel and Biochemical Research (CBBR), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Yoshimitsu Uemura
- Chemical Engineering Department, Biomass Processing Laboratory, Center of Biofuel and Biochemical Research (CBBR), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
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