1
|
Gallego-García M, Moreno AD, Manzanares P, Negro MJ, Duque A. Recent advances on physical technologies for the pretreatment of food waste and lignocellulosic residues. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128397. [PMID: 36503833 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The complete deployment of a bio-based economy is essential to meet the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals from the 2030 Agenda. In this context, food waste and lignocellulosic residues are considered low-cost feedstocks for obtaining industrially attractive products through biological processes. The effective conversion of these raw materials is, however, still challenging, since they are recalcitrant to bioprocessing and must be first treated to alter their physicochemical properties and ease the accessibility to their structural components. Among the full pallet of pretreatments, physical methods are recognised to have a high potential to transform food waste and lignocellulosic residues. This review provides a critical discussion about the recent advances on milling, extrusion, ultrasound, and microwave pretreatments. Their mechanisms and modes of application are analysed and the main drawbacks and limitations for their use at an industrial scale are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Gallego-García
- Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Unit, Department of Energy, CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Alcalá de Henares University, Spain
| | - Antonio D Moreno
- Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Unit, Department of Energy, CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Manzanares
- Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Unit, Department of Energy, CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Negro
- Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Unit, Department of Energy, CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Aleta Duque
- Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Unit, Department of Energy, CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ashoor S, Mallapureddy KK, Sukumaran RK. Sequential mild acid and alkali pretreatment of rice straw to improve enzymatic saccharification for bioethanol production. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 53:231-238. [PMID: 35559826 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2022.2073597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sequential pretreatment using different NaOH concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, w/w) and 1% H2SO4 (w/w) was evaluated as a strategy for effective hydrolysis of rice straw. The efficiency of sequential NaOH and H2SO4 (SNA) pretreatment against sequential H2SO4 and NaOH (SH) was assessed. SH pretreated biomass attained more sugar yield compared to SNA pretreated biomass. The sugar yields from pretreated biomass improved with increasing NaOH concentration in both SH and SNA treatments. The maximum sugar release of 40.6 mg/ml (83.2% efficiency) was obtained from SH pretreated biomass when the stage 2 alkali treatment was performed at 1.5% w/w NaOH. The non-detoxified hydrolysate from this biomass was fermented with 96.8% efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selim Ashoor
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kiran Kumar Mallapureddy
- Biofuels and Biorefineries Section, Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Industrial Estate P.O, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Rajeev K Sukumaran
- Biofuels and Biorefineries Section, Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Industrial Estate P.O, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sai Bharadwaj AVSL, Dev S, Zhuang J, Wang Y, Yoo CG, Jeon BH, Aggarwal S, Park SH, Kim TH. Review of chemical pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass using low-liquid and low-chemical catalysts for effective bioconversion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 368:128339. [PMID: 36400274 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemical pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is essential for effective biological conversion in subsequent steps to produce biofuels or biochemicals. For effective pretreatment, high lignin content and its recalcitrant nature of LCB are major factors influencing bioconversion, especially lignin is known to be effectively solubilized by alkaline, organic, and deep eutectic solvents, ionic liquids, while hemicellulose is effectively dissolved by various acid catalysts and organic solvents. Depending on the pretreatment method/catalyst used, different pretreatment process scheme should be applied with different amounts of catalyst and water inputs to achieve a satisfactory effect. In addition, the amount of processing water required in the following processes such as washing, catalyst recovery, and conditioning after pretreatment is critical factor for scale-up (commercialization). In this review, the amount of catalyst and/or water used, and the effect of pretreatment, properties of the products, and recovery of liquid are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A V S L Sai Bharadwaj
- Department of Materials Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Subhabrata Dev
- Water and Environmental Research Center (WERC), Institute of Northern Engineering (INE), University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF), Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - Jingshun Zhuang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Yunxuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Chang Geun Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Srijan Aggarwal
- Civil, Geological, and Environmental Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, College of Engineering and Mines, Fairbanks, AK 99775-5960, USA
| | - Seung Hyun Park
- Department of Materials Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Materials Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Prado CA, Antunes FAF, Rocha TM, Sánchez-Muñoz S, Barbosa FG, Terán-Hilares R, Cruz-Santos MM, Arruda GL, da Silva SS, Santos JC. A review on recent developments in hydrodynamic cavitation and advanced oxidative processes for pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126458. [PMID: 34863850 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Environmental problems due to utilization of fossil-derived materials for energy and chemical generation has prompted the use of renewable alternative sources, such as lignocellulose biomass (LB). Indeed, the production of biomolecules and biofuels from LB is among the most important current research topics aiming to development a sustainable bioeconomy. Yet, the industrial use of LB is limited by the recalcitrance of biomass, which impairs the hydrolysis of the carbohydrate fractions. Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) and Advanced Oxidative Processes (AOPs) has been proposed as innovative pretreatment strategies aiming to reduce process time and chemical inputs. Therefore, the underlying mechanisms, procedural strategies, influence on biomass structure, and research gaps were critically discussed in this review. The performed discussion can contribute to future developments, giving a wide overview of the main involved aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C A Prado
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - F A F Antunes
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - T M Rocha
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - S Sánchez-Muñoz
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - F G Barbosa
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - R Terán-Hilares
- Laboratorio de Materiales, Universidad Católica de Santa María - UCSM, Urb. San José, San Jose S/n, Yanahuara, Arequipa, Perú
| | - M M Cruz-Santos
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - G L Arruda
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - S S da Silva
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - J C Santos
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, postal code 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cellulose Recovery from Agri-Food Residues by Effective Cavitational Treatments. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11104693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Residual biomass from agri-food production chain and forestry are available in huge amounts for further valorisation processes. Delignification is usually the crucial step in the production of biofuels by fermentation as well as in the conversion of cellulose into high added-value compounds. High-intensity ultrasound (US) and hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) have been widely exploited as effective pretreatment techniques for biomass conversion and in particular for cellulose recovery. Due to their peculiar mechanisms, cavitational treatments promote an effective lignocellulosic matrix dismantling with delignification at low temperature (35–50 °C). Cavitation also promotes cellulose decrystallization due to a partial depolymerization. The aim of this review is to highlight recent advances in US and HC-assisted delignification and further cellulose recovery and valorisation.
Collapse
|
6
|
Flores EMM, Cravotto G, Bizzi CA, Santos D, Iop GD. Ultrasound-assisted biomass valorization to industrial interesting products: state-of-the-art, perspectives and challenges. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 72:105455. [PMID: 33444940 PMCID: PMC7808943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the application of ultrasound (US) energy for assisting the lignocellulosic biomass and waste materials conversion into value-added products has dramatically increased. In this sense, this review covers theoretical aspects, promising applications, challenges and perspectives about US and its use for biomass treatment. The combination of US energy with a suitable reaction time, temperature and solvent contributes to the destruction of recalcitrant lignin structure, allowing the products to be used in thermochemical and biological process. The main mechanisms related to US propagation and impact on the fragmentation of lignocellulosic materials, selectivity, and yield of conversion treatments are discussed. Moreover, the synergistic effects between US and alternative green solvents with the perspective of industrial applications are investigated. The present survey analysed the last ten years of literature, studying challenges and perspectives of US application in biorefinery. We were aiming to highlight value-added products and some new areas of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erico M M Flores
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Cezar A Bizzi
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Santos
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle D Iop
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Haldar D, Purkait MK. A review on the environment-friendly emerging techniques for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass: Mechanistic insight and advancements. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128523. [PMID: 33039689 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The process of pretreatment is considered as an indispensable unit operation in the field of lignocellulosic conversion. The traditional pretreatment operations of lignocellulosic biomass are observed as inefficient to meet the demand for an industrial adaptation. In view of that, numerous investigations are reported on various conventional pretreatment methods but very limited information's are available on the advanced technologies. The present review article provides an exclusive discussion on various emerging and environment-friendly pretreatment methods applied on a number of different feedstock materials. Further, an insight on the reaction mechanism involved with each of the technologies such as microwave, ultrasound, deep eutectic solvent, irradiation, and high force assisted pretreatment methods are elucidated for an effective valorization of lignocellulosic biomass. Hence, in a single article, the readers of this paper will get to know all important aspects of the emerging pretreatment techniques of lignocellulosic biomass including the advancements, and the mechanistic insight which will be highly beneficial towards the selection of an efficient pretreatment method for large scale of commercial implementation in a lignocellulosic biorefinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dibyajyoti Haldar
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
| | - Mihir Kumar Purkait
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Ning H, Zhai Y, Li S, Liu X, Wang T, Wang B, Liu Y, Qiu Z, Li C, Zhu Y. Fe(II) activated persulfate assisted hydrothermal conversion of sewage sludge: Focusing on nitrogen transformation mechanism and removal effectiveness. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125473. [PMID: 31790996 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Fe(II)-activated persulfate-assisted hydrothermal treatment (Fe(II)-PS-HT) was used to improve the efficiency of removing nitrogen (N) from the sewage sludge (SS) under relatively mild conditions (i.e., at 150 °C, for 20min), and the N transformation mechanism was investigated. The total N content in the solid residue was used to evaluate the N removal efficiency. Further, the redistribution of N in the solid and liquid products was characterized and quantified to obtain a N transformation mechanism during sequential persulfate oxidation (Fe(II) and persulfate) assisted hydrothermal treatment (HT). The experimental results denote that the N removal efficiency obtained from the Fe(II)-PS-HT (persulfate/C = 0.085 and Fe(II)/persulfate = 0.5) treated SS was increased by 35.0% at a relatively mild temperature (i.e., 150 °C) when compared with that obtained by treating SS using normal HT. Elevating Fe(II)/persulfate ratio to 1.25 promoting the N removal efficiency by 59.9%-65.9%. Furthermore, the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results clearly denote a N removal mechanism where the sulfate radicals (SO4∙-) produced by Fe(II)-PS destroy the sludge structure and destructed extracellular polymers (EPS). In the absence of EPS protection, proteins were directly exposed to extreme hydrothermal circumstances, and were rapidly transformed from the SS into the liquid residue. The free radicals also provided energy for the denitrification of Heterocycle-N. Consequently, a high N removal efficiency was obtained by Fe(II)-PS-HT with persulfate/C = 0.085 and Fe(II)/persulfate = 1.25 at 150 °C for 20 min.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ning
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yunbo Zhai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Shanhong Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xiangmin Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yali Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Zhenzi Qiu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Caiting Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yun Zhu
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tan L, Liu Z, Zhang T, Wang Z, Liu T. Enhanced enzymatic digestibility of poplar wood by quick hydrothermal treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 302:122795. [PMID: 32004810 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
To elevate the glucose yield from the enzymatic hydrolysis of poplar wood for bio-ethanol production, quick hydrothermal treatment (QHT) was conducted at 200 °C for a short period of time from 5 min to 25 min. It was found that the QHT could remove >85% of the hemicelluloses and ~30% of the lignin in the poplar wood, and achieve 82% cellulose conversion at a low cellulase dosage of 10 FPU/g substrate. The enhancement digestibility of poplar wood was ascribed to the higher accessibility of cellulose, as the specific surface area of the substrate increased from 3.0 m2/g to 7.1 m2/g from the of untreated wood to the QHT-treated wood. The results demonstrate the improvements in digestibility and hydrolysis rates after QHT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Zhongyang Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Zhaojiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Tongjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Korai RM, Wachemo AC, Yue L, Jaffar M, Li Z, Shahbaz M, Yuan H, Li X. Effect of ultrasonic application during KOH pretreatment and anaerobic process on digestion performance of wheat straw. RSC Adv 2020; 10:9290-9298. [PMID: 35497248 PMCID: PMC9050064 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00525h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The digester performance was enhanced by ultrasonic application during pretreatment and the anaerobic digestion (AD) process. Two setups (with and without ultrasonic application) were applied during pretreatment and AD, to untreated and potassium hydroxide (KOH) pretreated wheat straw. The results confirmed that the ultrasonic application enhanced the hydrolysis process during pretreatment. The highest total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) (3012 ± 18 mg L−1) production and overall lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose (LHC) reductions (22.4 ± 0.5%) were obtained from ultrasonic assisted KOH pretreated (KOHU) samples, after 36 hours of pretreatment. Similarly, the SEM analysis showed obvious disruption in the outer structure of KOHU samples. However, the ultrasonic application during AD showed significant improvement in biodegradation rate, biogas and biomethane production. Obvious reduction in sonication time (76%) along with enhanced biogas (570 ± 9 mL gm−1 VS) and biomethane (306 ± 12 mL gm−1 VS) production were observed from KOH pretreated digesters, when ultrasonication was applied during AD. Moreover, the biodegradation rate reached up to 76% along with highest total solid (TS) and volatile solid (VS) reductions from digesters with single KOH pretreatment and ultrasonic influence during AD. Finally, the digester effluent ranged in between the stable values, confirming the completion of the AD process. These results suggested that ultrasonic application was more effective when applied during AD due to the higher liquid to solid ratio. The reduction in energy input can be beneficial for commercial applications and to recognize the better stage for ultrasonic application for enhanced biomethane yield. The effect of ultrasonic application during KOH pretreatment and anaerobic digestion of wheat straw.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Mustafa Korai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District Beijing 10029 PR China +861064432281 +861064432281.,Department of Petroleum & Gas Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering & Technology New MA Jinnah Road Karachi-74800 Pakistan
| | - Akiber Chufo Wachemo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District Beijing 10029 PR China +861064432281 +861064432281.,Department of Water Supply and Environmental Engineering, Arba Minch University P. O Box 21 Arba Minch Ethiopia
| | - Liu Yue
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District Beijing 10029 PR China +861064432281 +861064432281
| | - Muhammad Jaffar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology (SZAB Campus) Khairpur Mir's Pakistan
| | - Zhengwei Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District Beijing 10029 PR China +861064432281 +861064432281
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District Beijing 10029 PR China +861064432281 +861064432281
| | - Hairong Yuan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District Beijing 10029 PR China +861064432281 +861064432281
| | - Xiujin Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology No. 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District Beijing 10029 PR China +861064432281 +861064432281
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Joshi SM, Gogate PR. Intensification of dilute acid hydrolysis of spent tea powder using ultrasound for enhanced production of reducing sugars. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 61:104843. [PMID: 31683236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spent tea (ST) powder is one of the potential sustainable sources available abundantly and can be utilized to produce reducing sugars required for production of platform chemicals. The current study aims at intensifying the reducing sugars production based on ultrasound assisted dilute acid hydrolysis (UADAH). The effects of reaction time, solid liquid ratio, acid concentration and temperature on the yield of reducing sugars were investigated initially for UADAH process based on ultrasonic (US) horn. The highest yield of 24.75 g/L for the reducing sugars was obtained at solid liquid ratio of 1:8, acid concentration of 1% w/v and temperature of 60 °C within 120 min. Use of oxidants like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and Fenton's reagent to further intensify the production has also been studied. Use of H2O2 at optimum loading of 0.75 g/L resulted in reducing sugars yield of 26.2 g/L within 75 min while using same H2O2 loading with FeSO4 at loading of 0.75 g/L along with UADAH reduced the reaction time to 60 min for almost similar yield. Large scale studies performed using US flow cell revealed that yield of reducing sugars as 22.4 g/L is obtained in 120 min in the case of only UADAH, while in the case of UADAH along with H2O2 and Fenton's reagent, similar yield of reducing sugars was obtained in only 90 and 60 min respectively. UADAH in combination with oxidants has been demonstrated as an effective and intensified approach to produce reducing sugars from spent tea powder available as sustainable source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh M Joshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Parag R Gogate
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Deng D, Duan XX, Lu JJ, Qin YH, Wang CW. Electrogenerated alkaline hydrogen peroxide for rice straw pretreatment to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:122077. [PMID: 31477347 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) solution with 1 wt% H2O2 was electrogenerated by oxygen reduction with a current efficiency of 75.2% in a home-made gas diffusion electrode-based electrochemical cell and used for rice straw pretreatment (0.1 g H2O2/g rice straw, 10% (w/v) biomass loading, 55 °C, 2 h). Results showed that the AHP pretreatment removed 97.56% of the initial lignin, 85.75% of the initial hemicellulose, and only 0.56% of the initial cellulose, and the specific surface area and porosity of the AHP pretreated rice straw (AHP-RS) were greatly increased. Saccharification results showed that after 48 h of enzymatic hydrolysis AHP-RS achieved a 3.2-fold increase in reducing sugar concentration compared to the untreated rice straw (5.81 and 1.81 g L-1), highlighting the potential use of this AHP solution for lignocellulose pretreatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Jing-Jing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Yuan-Hang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
| | - Cun-Wen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pansripong S, Arjharn W, Liplap P, Hinsui T. Effect of Ultrasonic Pretreatment on Biogas Production from Rice Straw. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.13005/ojc/350403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on biogas production from rice straw was investigated. Results showed that the application of 37 and 102 kHz resulted in a reduction of hemicellulose about 25.78% and 20.82%, respectively. An increase in the power level and exposition time decreased the hemicellulose content. The biochemical methane potential values at 37 kHz and 102 kHz of the pretreated rice straw for a period of 45 days were 250.36 and 243.79 mL CH4 g VS-1added, which were about 21.95% and 18.75% increase compared to the unpretreated one, respectively. The pretreatment with 37 kHz has provided a better methane yield compared to the one with 102 kHz. Response surface methodology indicated a positive result toward the methane yield and production rate. The utilization of ultrasonic pretreatment toward rice straw for biogas production seems to provide a solution to help solving the problems of both agricultural waste and renewable energy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saran Pansripong
- School of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Weerachai Arjharn
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Pansa Liplap
- Center of Excellence in Biomass, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Thipsuphin Hinsui
- Center of Excellence in Biomass, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Guo S, Yang Z, Wen Z, Fida H, Zhang G, Chen J. Reutilization of iron sludge as heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for the degradation of rhodamine B: Role of sulfur and mesoporous structure. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 532:441-448. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
16
|
Gan YY, Zhou SL, Dai X, Wu H, Xiong ZY, Qin YH, Ma J, Yang L, Wu ZK, Wang TL, Wang WG, Wang CW. Effect of iron salt type and dosing mode on Fenton-based pretreatment of rice straw for enzymatic hydrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 265:394-398. [PMID: 29933186 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fenton-based processes with four different iron salts in two different dosing modes were used to pretreat rice straw (RS) samples to increase their enzymatic digestibility. The composition analysis shows that the RS sample pretreated by the dosing mode of iron salt adding into H2O2 has a much lower hemicellulose content than that pretreated by the dosing mode of H2O2 adding into iron salt, and the RS sample pretreated by the chloride salt-based Fenton process has a much lower lignin content and a slightly lower hemicellulose content than that pretreated by the sulphate salt-based Fenton process. The higher concentration of reducing sugar observed on the RS sample with lower lignin and hemicellulose contents justifies that the Fenton-based process could enhance the enzymic hydrolysis of RS by removing hemicellulose and lignin and increasing its accessibility to cellulase. FeCl3·6H2O adding into H2O2 is the most efficient Fenton-based process for RS pretreatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yan Gan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Si-Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Xiao Dai
- Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Han Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Zi-Yao Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Yuan-Hang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
| | - Jiayu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Zai-Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Tie-Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Wei-Guo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Cun-Wen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yan X, Wang Z, Zhang K, Si M, Liu M, Chai L, Liu X, Shi Y. Bacteria-enhanced dilute acid pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:419-425. [PMID: 28898839 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pretreatment is indispensable for the large-scale and low-cost bio-products production from lignocellulosic biomass. Herein, a new bacteria-enhanced dilute acid pretreatment (BE-DAP) strategy was introduced. Cupriavidus basilensis B-8 as a potential bacterium for lignin degradation was employed. Multi-scale characterizations on the physicochemical structure of rice straw indicated that Cupriavidus basilensis B-8 could act on the lignin droplets formed in dilute acid pretreatment (DAP), and dig out these droplets to recover cracks and holes on rice straw surface, leaving an opened and porous structure for the easy access of enzyme to inner cellulose. Eventually, the enzymatic digestibility of RS was increased by 35-70% and 173-244% in BE-DAP compared to DAP pretreated and untreated RS, respectively. The BE-DAP strategy, as well as its physicochemical mechanism, opened new perspectives for lignocellulose pretreatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yan
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhongren Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Kejing Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Mengying Si
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Mingren Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Liyuan Chai
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xueduan Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gu L, Wu S, Li B, Wen H, Zhang D, Ye J, Wang L. Persulfate oxidation assisted hydrochar production from Platanus Orientalis Leaves: Physiochemical and combustion characteristics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:517-524. [PMID: 28803101 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Platanus Orientalis Leaves (POL), a widely planted tree in parks and along streets, was employed by sequential persulfate oxidation (Fe2+and persulfate) and hydrothermal treatment (HTC) to improve the thermal stability, energy yield and combustion behavior of hydrochars (HCs). Higher heating values (HHVs) of HCs derived from persulfate pretreated POL was increased by 30.5% at mild HTC temperature (i.e., 210°C) as compared to char without pretreatment. Elevating Fe2+/persulfate ratio to 0.2 enables HCs with high fractions of lignin, thus promoting the energy yield going up to 64.4%. The ultimate and proximate analysis, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, FT-IR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis were conducted to probe into chars' physiochemical and combustion characteristics. Results indicated that persulfate pretreatment on POL strengthened efficient HTC conversion from volatile matter to fixed carbon, increasing the ignition temperature of HCs from 261.5 to 404.3°C as compared to the char obtained with only HTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China(1); China United Northwest Institute for Engineering Design & Research Co., Ltd, Xi'an 710077, PR China(1)
| | - Sifan Wu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China(1)
| | - Binglian Li
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China(1)
| | - Haifeng Wen
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China(1)
| | - Daofang Zhang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China(1)
| | - Jianfeng Ye
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Science, Shanghai 200233, PR China.
| | - Liang Wang
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Science, Shanghai 200233, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Naresh Kumar M, Ravikumar R, Thenmozhi S, Kirupa Sankar M. Development of natural cellulase inhibitor mediated intensified biological pretreatment technology using Pleurotus florida for maximum recovery of cellulose from paddy straw under solid state condition. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:353-361. [PMID: 28780270 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitor mediated intensified bio-pretreatment (IMBP) technology using natural cellulase inhibitor (NCI) for maximum cellulose recovery from paddy straw was studied. Pretreatment was carried out under solid state condition. Supplementation of 8% NCI in pretreatment medium improves cellulose recovery and delignification by 1.2 and 1.5-fold respectively, compared to conventional bio-pretreatment due to inhibition of 61% of cellulase activity in IMBP. Further increase in NCI concentration showed negative effect on Pleurotus florida growth and suppress the laccase productivity by 1.1-fold. Laccase activity in IMBP was found to be 2.0U/mL on 19thday, which is higher than (1.5U/mL) conventional bio-pretreatment. Physico-chemical modifications in paddy straw before and after pretreatment were analysed by SEM, ATR-FTIR, XRD and TGA. According to these findings, the IMBP technology can be a viable eco-friendly technology for sustainable production of bioethanol with maximum cellulose recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manickam Naresh Kumar
- Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode 638401, TN, India
| | - Rajarathinam Ravikumar
- Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode 638401, TN, India.
| | - Senniyappan Thenmozhi
- Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode 638401, TN, India
| | - Muthuvelu Kirupa Sankar
- Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Erode 638401, TN, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wu H, Dai X, Zhou SL, Gan YY, Xiong ZY, Qin YH, Ma J, Yang L, Wu ZK, Wang TL, Wang WG, Wang CW. Ultrasound-assisted alkaline pretreatment for enhancing the enzymatic hydrolysis of rice straw by using the heat energy dissipated from ultrasonication. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 241:70-74. [PMID: 28550775 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Rice straw samples were exposed to ultrasound-assisted alkaline (NaOH) pretreatment by using the heat energy dissipated from ultrasonication to increase their enzymatic digestibility for saccharification. The characterization shows that the pretreatment could selectively remove lignin and hemicellulose without degrading cellulose, and increase porosity and surface area of rice straw. The porosity, surface area and cellulose content of rice straw increased with the increasing concentration of NaOH used. The rice straw sample pretreated by using the heat energy dissipated from ultrasonication has a higher surface area and a lower crystallinity index value than that pretreated by using the external source of heating, and the amount of reducing sugar released from the former sample at 48h of enzymatic saccharification, which is about 3.5 times as large as that from the untreated rice straw sample (2.91vs. 0.85gL-1), is slightly larger than that from the latter sample (2.91vs. 2.73gL-1). The ultrasound-assisted alkaline pretreatment by using the heat energy dissipated from ultrasonication was proved to be a reliable and effective method for rice straw pretreatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Xiao Dai
- Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Si-Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Yu-Yan Gan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Zi-Yao Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Yuan-Hang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
| | - Jiayu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Zai-Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Tie-Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Wei-Guo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Cun-Wen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| |
Collapse
|