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Gao Y, Heng S, Wang J, Liu Z, Liu Y, Chen B, Han Y, Li W, Lu X, Zhen G. Bioelectrochemically altering microbial ecology in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket to enhance methanogenesis fed with high-sulfate methanolic wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 406:131026. [PMID: 38917910 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
A bioelectrochemical upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (BE-UASB) was constructed and compared with the traditional UASB to investigate the role of bioelectrocatalysis in modulating methanogenesis and sulfidogensis involved within anaerobic treatment of high-sulfate methanolic wastewater (COD/SO42- ratio ≤ 2). Methane production rate for BE-UASB was 1.4 times higher than that of the single UASB, while SO42- removal stabilized at 16.7%. Bioelectrocatalysis selectively enriched key functional anaerobes and stimulated the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances, especially humic acids favoring electron transfer, thereby accelerating the electroactive biofilms development of electrodes. Methanomethylovorans was the dominant genus (35%) to directly convert methanol to CH4. Methanobacterium as CO2 electroreduction methane-producing archaea appeared only on electrodes. Acetobacterium exhibited anode-dependence, which provided acetate for sulfate-reducing bacteria (norank Syntrophobacteraceae and Desulfomicrobium) through synergistic coexistence. This study confirmed that BE-UASB regulated the microbial ecology to achieve efficient removal and energy recovery of high-sulfate methanolic wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Gao
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Shiliang Heng
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Zhaobin Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Yisheng Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Bin Chen
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Yule Han
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Wanjiang Li
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Xueqin Lu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), 3663 N Zhongshan Rd, Shanghai 200062, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai 200241, PR China.
| | - Guangyin Zhen
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd. (No. 2), Shanghai 200092, PR China; Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, 3663 N Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, PR China
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Cui W, Luo H, Liu G. Efficient hydrogen production in single-chamber microbial electrolysis cell with a fermentable substrate under hyperalkaline conditions. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 171:173-183. [PMID: 37660630 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen production from food waste is of great significance for energy conversion and pollution control. The aim of this study was to investigate the glucose fermentation from food waste and hydrogen (H2) production in the single-chamber microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) under hyperalkaline conditions. Single-chamber MECs were tested with 1 g/L glucose as substrate under different pH values (i.e., 7.0, 9.5, and 11.2) and applied voltages (i.e., 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 V). With pH increase from 7.0 to 11.2, H2 production with methanogenesis inhibition was significantly improved in the MEC. At pH of 11.2, the maximum current density reached 180 ± 9 A/m3 with the H2 purity of 93.3 ± 1.2% and average H2 yield of 7.72 ± 0.23 mol H2/ mol glucose under 1.6 V. Acetate from glucose fermentation was the largest electron sink within 12 h. Methanobacterium alcaliphilum dominated the archaeal communities with the relative abundance of > 99.0% in the cathodic biofilms. The microbial communities and mcr A gene copy numbers analyses showed that high pH enhanced the acetate production from glucose fermentation, inhibited syntrophic acetate-oxidizing with hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis in the anodic biofilms, and inhibited hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis in the cathodic biofilms. Our results of hyperalkaline conditions provide a feasible way to harvest H2 efficiently from fermentable substrates in the single-chamber MEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiping Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guangli Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Mercado JV, Koyama M, Nakasaki K. Complexity of acclimatization substrate affects anaerobic digester microbial community response to organic load shocks. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114722. [PMID: 36343710 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study elucidated the changes in the short-term response to organic load shocks of the anaerobic digestion (AD) microbiome acclimatized to a simple substrate and a complex substrate. Batch vial reactors were inoculated with AD sludge acclimatized to either a simple (starch and hipolypeptone) or a complex (dog food and starch) substrate, both with carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 25. Organic loads in the form of an easily degradable substrate mix (starch and hipolypeptone) with concentrations varying from 0 to 5 g VS/L were applied to the reactors. Runs utilizing the inoculum acclimatized to a complex substrate sustained its methane productivity despite the high organic load shocks which the inoculum acclimatized to a simple substrate was unable to handle efficiently. The alpha-diversity of the microbiome decreased with increase in organic load for inoculum acclimatized with a simple substrate but was unaffected for the case of the inoculum acclimatized with a complex substrate. LactobacillalesandCloacimonadales were inferred to be major players in starch degradation pathways for the inoculum acclimatized using a simple substrate as predicted by the bioinformatics package PICRUSt2. However, acclimatizing using a complex substrate did not support their growth and were replaced by Coriobacteriales which provided higher flexibility in terms of the predicted regulated metabolic functions. The predicted functional regulation of Synergistales and Syntrophales increased with acclimatization using a complex substrate which also showed increase in the flexibility of the microbiome towards handling organic load shocks. Acetoclastic pathway was upregulated with increase in organic load regardless of the acclimatization substrate while the hydrogenotrophic pathway was downregulated. Overall, acclimatization using a complex substrate increased the robustness and flexibility of the microbiome towards organic load shocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jericho Victor Mercado
- School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Koyama
- School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
| | - Kiyohiko Nakasaki
- School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
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Sun Q, Zhao C, Qiu Q, Guo S, Zhang Y, Mu H. Oyster shell waste as potential co-substrate for enhancing methanogenesis of starch wastewater at low inoculation ratio. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 361:127689. [PMID: 35901863 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of oyster shells on the methanogenesis of starch wastewater subjected to over-acidification (pH < 4.5) at low inoculum/substrate ratios, and revealed that oyster shells could be used as co-substrates for methane production. The methane yield was improved by approximate 86-folds with optimal dose when compared with that in control. Oyster shells conditioning synchronously improved the acidogenesis and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis steps, resulting in high methane production. These improvements were attributed to the fact that the oyster shells served as the neutralizing reagent and buffered the sharp pH drop. Carbon dioxide was also released during this process, which was subsequently converted into methane and contributed 17% of the total methane yield. Furthermore, some spheroid and rod microcolonies were observed on the surfaces of the oyster shells. Along with the remarkable enrichment of acetotrophic and methylotrophic methanogens, these microbes benefitted the successful methanogenesis of starch wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Sun
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Chunhui Zhao
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Qi Qiu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Shouxing Guo
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yongfang Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hui Mu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
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Qi R, Xue N, Zhou X, Zhao L, Song W, Yang Y. Distinct Composition and Assembly Processes of Bacterial Communities in a River from the Arid Area: Ecotypes or Habitat Types? MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022; 84:769-779. [PMID: 34686898 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01902-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The composition, function, and assembly mechanism of the bacterial community are the focus of microbial ecology. Unsupervised machine learning may be a better way to understand the characteristics of bacterial metacommunities compared to the empirical habitat types. In this study, the composition, potential function, and assembly mechanism of the bacterial community in the arid river were analysed. The Dirichlet multinomial mixture method recognised four ecotypes across the three habitats (biofilm, water, and sediment). The bacterial communities in water are more sensitive to human activities. Bacterial diversity and richness in water decreased as the intensity of human activities increased from the region of water II to water I. Significant differences in the composition and potential function profile of bacterial communities between water ecotypes were also observed, such as higher relative abundance in the taxonomic composition of Firmicutes and potential function of plastic degradation in water I than those in water II. Habitat filtering may play a more critical role in the assembly of bacterial communities in the river biofilm, while stochastic processes dominate the assembly process of bacterial communities in water and sediment. In water I, salinity and mean annual precipitation were the main drivers shaping the biogeography of taxonomic structure, while mean annual temperature, total organic carbon, and ammonium nitrogen were the main environmental factors influencing the taxonomic structure in water II. These results would provide conceptual frameworks about choosing habitat types or ecotypes for the research of microbial communities among different niches in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Qi
- Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Command Center of Integrated Survey of Natural Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing, 100055, China
| | - Nana Xue
- College of Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhou
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Remediation, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Remediation, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Wenjuan Song
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Ecological Remediation, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yuyi Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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6
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Chen X, Lai C, Wang X, Chen G, Zhang D. High-rate partial denitrification via effluent residual nitrate controlling and microbial mechanism of nitrite accumulation by carbon dosage optimization. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:1222-1231. [PMID: 36358057 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The high-rate partial denitrification (PD) via effluent residual nitrate controlling by carbon dosage optimization was investigated based on the analysis of microbial mechanism of nitrite accumulation in this study. When the COD/N was changed from 4.0 to 1.8 and the effluent nitrate was above 8.48 mg/L, the nitrate accumulation ratio (NAR) and nitrate removal ratio (NRR) achieved 60 and 90%, respectively. With the electron donor starvation (EDS) strategy, nitrite accumulation was increased, which is related to the reduced utilization of carbon sources. In addition, the rapid increase of Thauera (0.21% to 53.29%) and inhibition of Others and Unclassified (96.93% to 16.99%), and the significantly different expression between reductase genes contributed to nitrite production (narG, 1,727.44 copies/mg) and nitrite reduction (nirS, 208.27 copies/mg; nirK, 203.94 copies/mg) commonly involved in PD start-up and stable operation. Another reactor can be quickly started by controlling effluent residual nitrate within 19 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Chen
- Department of Resources Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou city, Jiangxi province 341000, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Lai
- Department of Resources Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou city, Jiangxi province 341000, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Resources Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou city, Jiangxi province 341000, P.R. China
| | - Guimei Chen
- Department of Resources Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou city, Jiangxi province 341000, P.R. China
| | - Dachao Zhang
- Jiangxi Lingzhen Ecological Environment Group Co. Ltd, Ganzhou Technology Innovation Center of Mine Ecological Restoration, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China E-mail:
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7
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Zhang L, Ban Q, Li J, Wang T. Simultaneous production of hydrogen-methane and spatial community succession in an anaerobic baffled reactor treating corn starch processing wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 300:134503. [PMID: 35395259 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Corn starch processing wastewater (CSPW) is a high-strength organic wastewater and biological treatment is considered as the dominant process. The present work investigated the effects of pH on the bioenergy production and spatial succession of microbial community in an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) treating CSPW. The results showed that above 90.5% of COD removal and above 16.6 L d-1 of methane were achieved at the influent pHs of 8.0 and 7.0 under organic loading rate of 4.0 kg COD·m-3·L-1 condition. Further decreasing the influent pH to 6.0 resulted in the COD removal decreased to 89.7%. Besides, 9.2 L d-1 of hydrogen and 13.0 L d-1 of methane were obtained. There was significant difference in the volatile fatty acids profiles during the variation of pH. Illumina Miseq sequencing showed that Clostridium, Ethanoligenens, Megasphaera, Prevotella and Trichococcus with relative abundance of 2.1%∼28.1% were the dominant hydrogen-producing bacteria in C1. Methanogens (Methanothrix and Methanobacterium) dominated in the last three compartments. Function predicted analysis revealed that the abundance of metabolic-related gene families containing carbohydrate, amino acids and energy in the last three compartments were higher than that in C1. A deduced biodegradation model of CSPW in ABR revealed that the anaerobic sludge in C1 mainly produced hydrogen. Microbial population in C3 was responsible for COD removal and methane production. The redundancy analysis revealed that hydrogen production was highly correlated with some hydrogen-producing bacteria in C1, whereas methane production was positively correlated with microbial group in C2∼ C4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China; Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Qiaoying Ban
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China; Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Jianzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Tongtong Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
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Zhang L, Ban Q, Li J, Zhang S. An enhanced excess sludge fermentation process by anthraquinone-2-sulfonate as electron shuttles for the biorefinery of zero-carbon hydrogen. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 210:113005. [PMID: 35231458 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Excess sludge (ES) largely produced in municipal wastewater treatment plants is known as a waste biomass and the traditional treatment processes such as landfill and incineration are considered as unsustainable due to the negative environmental impact. Fermentation process of ES for the biorefinery of zero-carbon hydrogen has attracted an increasing interesting and was extensively researched in the last decades. However, the technology is far from commercial application due to the insufficient effectivity. In the present study, anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) as electron shuttles was introduced into the fermentation process of ES for mediating the composition and activity of bacterial community to get an enhanced biohydrogen production. Inoculated with the same anaerobic activated sludge of 1.12 gVSS/L, a series of batch anaerobic fermentation systems with various dosage of AQS were conducted at the same ES load of 2.75 gVSS/L, initial pH 6.5 and 35 °C. The results showed that the fermentation process was remarkably enhanced by the introduction of 100 mg/L AQS, accompanying the lag phase was shortened to 1.35 h from 7.62. The obtained biohydrogen yield and the specific biohydrogen production rate were also remarkably enhanced to 24.9 mL/gVSS and 0.3 mL/(gVSS·h), respectively. Illumina Miseq sequencing showed that Longilinea and Guggenheimella as the dominant genera had been enriched from 9.2% to 0-12.0% and 4.7%, respectively, in the presence of 100 mg/L AQS. Function predicted analysis suggested that the presence of AQS had increased the abundance of genes involved in the transport and metabolism of carbohydrate, amino acid and energy production. Further redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that the enhanced hydrogen production was highly positively correlated with the enrichment of genera such as Longilinea and Guggenheimella. The research work presents a novel potential biorefinery of ES for the effective production of zero-carbon hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China; Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Qiaoying Ban
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China; Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Jianzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Siyu Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
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Ban Q, Zhang L, Li J. Correlating bacterial and archaeal community with efficiency of a coking wastewater treatment plant employing anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process in coal industry. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131724. [PMID: 34388873 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Coking wastewater (CWW) contains various complex pollutants, and biological treatment processes are frequently applied in the coking wastewater treatment plants (CWWTPs). The present work is to evaluate the contaminants removal of a full-scale CWWTP with an anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process (A/A/O), to reveal function of bacterial and archaeal community involved in different bioreactors, and to clarify the relationship between the performance and microbial community. Illumina Miseq sequencing of bacteria showed that β-proteobacteria dominated in three bioreactors with relative abundance of 60.2%~81.7%. 75.2% of sequences were assigned to Petrobacter in the bioreactor A1, while Thiobacillus dominated in A2 and O with relative abundance of 31.8% and 38.7%, respectively. Illumina Miseq sequencing of archaea revealed a high diversity of methanogens existed in A1 and A2 activated sludge. Moreover, Halostagnicola was the dominant archaea in A1 and A2 activated sludge with relative abundance of 41.8% and 66.5%, respectively. Function predicted analysis explored that function of bacteria was similar to that of archaea but the relative abundance differed from each other. A putative biodegradation model of CWW treatment in A/A/O process indicated that A1 and A2 activated sludge mainly reduced carbohydrate, protein, TN, phenol and cyanide, as well as methane production. Bacteria in the bioreactor O were responsible for aerobic biotransformation of residual carbohydrates, refractory organics and nitrification. The redundancy analysis (RDA) further revealed that removal of COD, TN, and NO3--N, phenol and cyanides were highly correlated with some anaerobic bacteria and archaea, whereas the transformation of NH4+-N was positively correlated with some aerobic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoying Ban
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China; Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Liguo Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China; Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Jianzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
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Abstract
Starch production is mainly focused on feedstocks such as corn, wheat and potato in the EU, whereas cassava, rice, and other feedstocks are utilised worldwide. In starch production, a high amount of wastewater is generated, which accumulates from different process steps such as washing, steeping, starch refining, saccharification and derivatisation. Valorisation of these wastewaters can help to improve the environmental impact as well as the economics of starch production. Anaerobic fermentation is a promising approach, and this review gives an overview of the different utilisation concepts outlined in the literature and the state of the technology. Among bioenergy recovery processes, biogas technology is widely applied at the industrial scale, whereas biohydrogen production is used at the research stage. Starch wastewater can also be used for the production of bulk chemicals such as acetone, ethanol, butanol or lactic acids by anaerobic microbes.
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Shuai J, Hu X, Wang B, Lyu W, Chen R, Guo W, Wang H, Zhou D. Response of aerobic sludge to AHL-mediated QS: Granulation, simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Fay M, Salazar JK, Ramachandran P, Stewart D. Microbiomes of commercially-available pine nuts and sesame seeds. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252605. [PMID: 34153055 PMCID: PMC8216511 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Metagenomic analysis of food is becoming more routine and can provide important information pertaining to the shelf life potential and the safety of these products. However, less information is available on the microbiomes associated with low water activity foods. Pine nuts and sesame seeds, and food products which contain these ingredients, have been associated with recalls due to contamination with bacterial foodborne pathogens. The objective of this study was to identify the microbial community of pine nuts and sesame seeds using targeted 16S rRNA sequencing technology. Ten different brands of each seed type were assessed, and core microbiomes were determined. A total of 21 and 16 unique taxa with proportional abundances >1% in at least one brand were identified in the pine nuts and sesame seeds, respectively. Members of the core pine nut microbiome included the genera Alishewanella, Aminivibrio, Mycoplasma, Streptococcus, and unassigned OTUs in the families of Desulfobacteraceae and Xanthomonadaceae. For sesame seeds, the core microbiome included Aminivibrio, Chryseolina, Okibacterium, and unassigned OTUs in the family Flavobacteriaceae. The microbiomes of these seeds revealed that these products are dominated by environmental bacterial genera commonly isolated from soil, water, and plants; bacterial genera containing species known as commensal organisms were also identified. Understanding these microbiomes can aid in the risk assessment of these products by identifying food spoilage potential and community members which may co-enrich with foodborne bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Fay
- Division of Food Processing Science and Technology, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Bedford Park, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Joelle K. Salazar
- Division of Food Processing Science and Technology, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Bedford Park, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Padmini Ramachandran
- Division of Microbiology, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Diana Stewart
- Division of Food Processing Science and Technology, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Bedford Park, Illinois, United States of America
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Torres K, Álvarez-Hornos FJ, Gabaldón C, Marzal P. Start-Up of Chitosan-Assisted Anaerobic Sludge Bed Reactors Treating Light Oxygenated Solvents under Intermittent Operation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094986. [PMID: 34067161 PMCID: PMC8125441 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Quality of the granular sludge developed during the start-up of anaerobic up-flow sludge bed reactors is of crucial importance to ensure the process feasibility of treating industrial wastewater such as those containing solvents. In this study, the microbial granule formation from suspended-growth biomass was investigated in two chitosan-assisted reactors. These reactors operated mimicking industrial sites working with night closures treating a mixture of ethanol, ethyl acetate, and 1-ethoxy-2-propanol. Each reactor operated under different hydrodynamic regimes typical from UASB (R1: <0.15 m h−1) and EGSB (R2: 3 m h−1). High soluble COD removal efficiencies (>90%) accompanied by rapid formation of robust anaerobic granules were achieved at both up-flow velocity levels. After three weeks from the start-up, mean size diameters of 475 µm and 354 µm were achieved for R1 and R2, respectively. The performance of the process was found to be stable for the whole operational period of 106 days treating intermittent OLR up to 13 kg COD m−3 d−1. A memory dose of chitosan at day 42 was beneficial to guarantee good quality of the granules by offsetting the negative impact of intermittent water supply on the granular size. Methanocorpusculum was identified as the dominant archaea at both up-flow velocities. Acetobacterium, Geobacter and Desulfovibrio bacteria were also abundant, demonstrating its role on the degradation of light-oxygenated solvents.
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Zhang Q, Xu J, Wang X, Zhu W, Pang X, Zhao J. Changes and distributions of antibiotic resistance genes in liquid and solid fractions in mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of dairy manure. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124372. [PMID: 33186839 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study mainly explored the changes and distributions of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in liquid fraction (LF) and solid fraction (SF) in anaerobic digestion (AD) of dairy manure. After mesophilic and thermophilic AD, the copy numbers of ARGs in LF decreased by 0.06-1.80 logs while those in SF increased by 0.08-7.85 logs, suggesting the enrichment of ARGs in SF. Statistical analysis elucidated that high total solids promoted the enrichment of ARGs in SF. The increased abundances of genera such as Ruminofilibacter, Treponema and Sphaerochaeta in SF were responsible for the enrichment of most ARGs. These insights demonstrated the digested solid had the potential risks to promote the spread of ARGs in the environment, and the digested solid of livestock manure should be post-treated before the application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Prevention and Waste Resource Recycle, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jifei Xu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Prevention and Waste Resource Recycle, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.
| | - Xiujun Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Prevention and Waste Resource Recycle, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Wenbo Zhu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Prevention and Waste Resource Recycle, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaoke Pang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Prevention and Waste Resource Recycle, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ji Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Prevention and Waste Resource Recycle, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
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15
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Wang X, Chen Z, Shen J, Kang J, Zhang X, Li J, Zhao X. Effect of carbon source on pollutant removal and microbial community dynamics in treatment of swine wastewater containing antibiotics by aerobic granular sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 260:127544. [PMID: 32673869 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge sequencing batch reactor (AGSBR) is a promising approach for wastewater treatment. In the paper, the effects of methanol, starch and sucrose as carbon sources on the treatment of swine wastewater (SW) containing antibiotics by aerobic granular sludge (AGS) were studied. The results revealed that the carbon sources could affect the morphology, biomass, and settleability of AGS, and AGS could maintain a better sludge performance when sucrose was used as carbon source. The pollutants (ammonium nitrogen (NH+ 4-N), organic matter and total phosphorus (TP)) in SW also had a good removal effect, and the removal rates reached 81.14%, 96.83% and 97.37% respectively. The removal efficiencies of tetracycline (TC) and oxytetracycline (OTC) from SW were the best when sucrose as co-metabolic matrix by microorganisms. The analysis of miseq pyrosequencing demonstrated that carbon sources with methanol, starch and sucrose improved the diversity of microbial community in AGS, and the dominant bacteria also changed. The dominant groups involved in TC and OTC, removal at different classification levels suggested that the formation of bacterial communities was determined by carbon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhonglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jimin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jing Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ji Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
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16
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Liu J, Wang C, Wu K, Tang Z, Peng S, Huang J, Li F, Zhao X, Yin F, Yang B, Liu J, Yang H, Zhang W. Comparison of long-term energy efficiency and microbial community dynamics of different reactors in response to increased loadings of water hyacinth juice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 744:140812. [PMID: 32711308 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Water hyacinth is considered to be among the worst invasive weed species globally, causing detrimental environmental and social problems worldwide. It rapidly grows, and therefore has significant potential as a resource. Due to its high moisture content (approximately 95%), the by-product obtained by dehydrating water hyacinth yields a considerable amount of water hyacinth juice (WHJ). In this study, we performed a comparative assessment of long-term energy efficiency, maximum treatment capacity limits, and microbial community dynamics of modified internal circulation (MIC) and up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors in response to increasing loadings of WHJ. The MIC reactor exhibited a higher energy recovery rate and stronger performance compared with the UASB reactor. The optimal organic loading rates of the MIC and UASB reactors were 17.93 and 8.85 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/m3/d, with methane conversion rates of 0.21 and 0.15 m3 CH4/kg COD, respectively. Furthermore, the engineering costs and project floor space required by the MIC reactor are less than those in the case of the UASB reactor. The high-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that the dominant phyla (e.g. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes) were more abundant using the MIC reactor than with the UASB reactor, which may indicate WHJ degradation efficiency. Both reactors had similar predominant methanogens, suggesting that acetoclastic methanogenesis was the predominant metabolic pathway of methane formation. The results of this study provide new insights into the sustainable management of water hyacinth as a resource by establishing a regional ecosystem with biogas engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Liu
- Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Engineering and Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Bioenergy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Jilin Dongsheng Institute of Biomass Energy Engineering, Tonghua 134118, PR China; DongMing Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Development (Group) Co., LTD, Tonghua 134118, PR China
| | - Changmei Wang
- Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Engineering and Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Bioenergy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Jilin Dongsheng Institute of Biomass Energy Engineering, Tonghua 134118, PR China
| | - Kai Wu
- Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Engineering and Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Bioenergy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Zhengkang Tang
- Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Suyi Peng
- Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Jiang Huang
- Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Fuyuan Li
- Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Xingling Zhao
- Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Engineering and Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Bioenergy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Fang Yin
- Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Engineering and Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Bioenergy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Jilin Dongsheng Institute of Biomass Energy Engineering, Tonghua 134118, PR China
| | - Bin Yang
- Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Engineering and Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Bioenergy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Hong Yang
- Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Wudi Zhang
- Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Engineering and Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Bioenergy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Jilin Dongsheng Institute of Biomass Energy Engineering, Tonghua 134118, PR China; DongMing Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Development (Group) Co., LTD, Tonghua 134118, PR China.
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17
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Chen L, Huang JJ, Hua B, Droste R, Ali S, Zhao W. Effect of steel slag in recycling waste activated sludge to produce anaerobic granular sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127291. [PMID: 32531493 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The amount of waste activated sludge (WAS) has grown dramatically in China. WAS is considered as a problematic and hazardous waste, which should be disposed in a safe and sustainable manner. In order to recycle WAS to an anaerobic granular sludge (AnGS) process for anaerobic digestion, Fe powder and steel slags (rusty and clean slags) were used to enhance the granulation process. The results demonstrated that both rusty and clean slags encouraged the development of granular sludge. Adding 10 g/L clean slags could increase AnGS granulation rate by 37%. In the presence of clean slags, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) concentration in granules increased noticeably to 715 mg/g mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS). High throughput sequencing analysis exhibited more diversity and higher abundance of functional microbial communities in the batch bottle with 10 g/L clean slags. This study suggested that adding clean slags at 10 g/L dosage was a sustainable and effective method for the sludge granulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Sino-Canada Joint R&D Centre on Water and Environmental Safety, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Jinhui Jeanne Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Sino-Canada Joint R&D Centre on Water and Environmental Safety, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
| | - Binbin Hua
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Sino-Canada Joint R&D Centre on Water and Environmental Safety, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Ronald Droste
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Salman Ali
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Sino-Canada Joint R&D Centre on Water and Environmental Safety, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Weixin Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Sino-Canada Joint R&D Centre on Water and Environmental Safety, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
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18
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Zhou S, Xu Z, Zeng X, Bai Z, Xu S, Jiang C, Xu S. Linking nitrous oxide emissions from starch wastewater digestate amended soil to the abundance and structure of denitrifier communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137406. [PMID: 32192974 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is widely used in starch wastewater pre-treatment and can remove the COD effectively, however, the effluents are nutritious and often need supplemental aerobic treatments to remove nutrients prior to discharge. The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using the liquid digestate of starch wastewater (LDSW) as a fertilizer. This pot experiment was conducted with Ipomoea aquatica Forsk in a greenhouse with six treatment groups. The crop growth was significantly promoted, while the accumulation of soil nitrate was not influenced after LDSW addition, compared to the control. In addition, at the same nitrogen input, the yield of high-LDSW treatment was 65.2%, 92.3% and 69.2% higher than those of chemical fertilizer treatment during the three growth periods. Furthermore, average N2O emission with high-LDSW addition was 15.8 g N/(ha.d), accounting for 15.0% of which under high chemical fertilizer treatment, due to the significantly enhanced denitrification genes (nirK, nirS and nosZ) abundance. Besides, the changes of soil N2O-reducing bacteria were performed by high-throughput sequencing of nosZ. Our findings suggested that LDSW had many opportunities for sustainable agriculture to guarantee high yields while reducing negative environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sining Zhou
- Shenzhen DiDa Water Engineering Limited Company, Shenzhen 518116, China; Sino-Danish Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- Shenzhen DiDa Water Engineering Limited Company, Shenzhen 518116, China; Agricultural College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 414699, China
| | - Xiangui Zeng
- Shenzhen DiDa Water Engineering Limited Company, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Zhihui Bai
- Sino-Danish Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Shengming Xu
- Agricultural College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 414699, China
| | - Cancan Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Shengjun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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19
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Wang J, Wu B, Sierra JM, He C, Hu Z, Wang W. Influence of particle size distribution on anaerobic degradation of phenol and analysis of methanogenic microbial community. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:10391-10403. [PMID: 31939015 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sludge morphology considerably affects the mechanism underlying microbial anaerobic degradation of phenol. Here, we assessed the phenol degradation rate, specific methanogenic activity, electron transport activity, coenzyme F420 concentration, and microbial community structure of five phenol-degrading sludge of varying particle sizes (i.e., < 20, 20-50, 50-100, 100-200, and > 200 μm). The results indicated an increase in phenol degradation rate and microbial community structure that distinctly correlated with an increase in sludge particle size. Although the sludge with the smallest particle size (< 20 μm) showed the lowest phenol degradation rate (9.3 mg COD·gVSS-1 day-1), its methanogenic activity with propionic acid, butyric acid, and H2/CO2 as substrates was the best, and the concentration of coenzyme F420 was the highest. The small particle size sludge did not contain abundant syntrophic bacteria or hydrogenotrophic methanogens, but contained abundant acetoclastic methanogens. Moreover, the floc sizes of the different sludge varied in important phenol-degrading bacteria and archaea, which may dominate the synergistic mechanism. This study provides a new perspective on the role of sludge floc size on the anaerobic digestion of phenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Benteng Wu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Julian Muñoz Sierra
- Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN, Delft, The Netherlands
- KWR Watercycle Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3430 BB, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Chunhua He
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Zhenhu Hu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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20
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Yuan Y, Cheng H, Chen F, Zhang Y, Xu X, Huang C, Chen C, Liu W, Ding C, Li Z, Chen T, Wang A. Enhanced methane production by alleviating sulfide inhibition with a microbial electrolysis coupled anaerobic digestion reactor. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 136:105503. [PMID: 32006760 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) of organics is a challenging task under high-strength sulfate (SO42-) conditions. The generation of toxic sulfides by SO42--reducing bacteria (SRB) causes low methane (CH4) production. This study investigated the feasibility of alleviating sulfide inhibition and enhancing CH4 production by using an anaerobic reactor with built-in microbial electrolysis cell (MEC), namely ME-AD reactor. Compared to AD reactor, unionized H2S in the ME-AD reactor was sufficiently converted into ionized HS- due to the weak alkaline condition created via cathodic H2 production, which relieved the toxicity of unionized H2S to methanogenesis. Correspondingly, the CH4 production in the ME-AD system was 1.56 times higher than that in the AD reactor with alkaline-pH control and 3.03 times higher than that in the AD reactors (no external voltage and no electrodes) without alkaline-pH control. MEC increased the amount of substrates available for CH4-producing bacteria (MPB) to generate more CH4. Microbial community analysis indicated that hydrogentrophic MPB (e.g. Methanosphaera) and acetotrophic MPB (e.g. Methanosaeta) participated in the two major pathways of CH4 formation were successfully enriched in the cathode biofilm and suspended sludge of the ME-AD system. Economic revenue from increased CH4 production totally covered the cost of input electricity. Integration of MEC with AD could be an attractive technology to alleviate sulfide inhibition and enhance CH4 production from AD of organics under SO42--rich condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Haoyi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yiqian Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Xijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Cong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wenzong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Cheng Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Zhaoxia Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Tianming Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Aijie Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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21
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He Q, Song J, Zhang W, Gao S, Wang H, Yu J. Enhanced simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal through mixed carbon source by aerobic granular sludge. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 382:121043. [PMID: 31450207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge-based simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal (SNDPR) systems were configured for the treatment of low-strength municipal wastewater. Granular characteristics, process performance, and the corresponding microbial ecology dynamics were comprehensively explored with sodium acetate and succinate as mixed carbon source. Results revealed that aerobic granules kept structural and functional resilience, while mixed carbon source largely altered and balanced the growth and competition of phosphorus/glycogen accumulating organisms (PAOs/GAOs). Appropriate ratio of mixed carbon source was vital for superb physiochemical behaviors and reliable removal performance by aerobic granules. Therefore, the aerobic granular SNDPR system could achieve deep-level nutrients removal through enhancing the anaerobic carbon uptake rate and strengthening the carbon usage efficiency. The present work could add some guiding sight into the application of aerobic granular SNDPR system for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulai He
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Jianyang Song
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Shuxian Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Jian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
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22
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Zhang D, Su H, Antwi P, Xiao L, Liu Z, Li J. High-rate partial-nitritation and efficient nitrifying bacteria enrichment/out-selection via pH-DO controls: Efficiency, kinetics, and microbial community dynamics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 692:741-755. [PMID: 31539982 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conventional nitrification/denitrification process is gradually being replaced with partial-nitritation/anammox (PN/A) processes due to its installation and running cost. However, high ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria activity as well as optimum out-selection of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) are necessary to achieving efficient PN/A process. Consequently, to enhance PN process via nitrifying bacteria enrichment/out-selection within psychrophilic environment, a novel pH-DO (dissolved oxygen) control strategy was proposed and the response of PN, kinetics, AOB enrichment, and NOB out-selection efficiency was investigated during start-up and long-term operation. With DO of 0.7 mg/L and pH of 7.5-7.9, quick start-up of the PN process was established within 34d as NO2--N accumulation ratio (NAR) reached 90.08 ± 1.4%. Again, when NLR was elevated to 0.8 kg/m3·d (400mgNH4+-N/L), DO curtailed to 0.2 mg/L, pH maintained at 7.7 and free ammonium at 6.5 mg/L, NAR and NH4+-N removal rate could still reach 97.04 ± 2.4% and 97.84 ± 1.5%, respectively. After optimum control factors had been established, real nitrogen-rich-mine-wastewater was fed (DO, 0.2 mg/L, pH, 8.9, and free ammonia, 6.5 mg/L) and NAR and NH4+-N removal rate reached was 97.33 ± 0.5% and 97.76 ± 1.1%, respectively. Estimated kinetic parameters including maximum degradation rate (Vmax = 1.58/d), half-rate constant (Km = 33.8 mg/L), and inhibition constant (Ki = 201.6 mg/L) suggested that inhibition on NH4+-N oxidation was most feasible at higher concentration of NH4+-N. To elucidate biological mechanisms, 16S rRNA high-throughput revealed that AOB (Nitrosomonas) enrichment had increased from 0.08% to 49% whereas NOB (Nitrospira) abundance reduced from 1% to 0.034%, indicating pH-DO control efficiently enriched AOB and out-selected NOB. Conversely, when influent NH4+-N was curtailed to about 200 mg/L and free ammonia concentration maintained at 6.5 mg/L, the population of AOB was observably reduced by 6% within a period of 14 days, indicating control strategies including pH-DO control and substrate availability were the key factors which substantially influenced and promoted the activities and growth of AOBs in the present SBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dachao Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China
| | - Hao Su
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China
| | - Philip Antwi
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China.
| | - Longwen Xiao
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China
| | - Zuwen Liu
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi province, Ganzhou city 341000, PR China
| | - Jianzheng Li
- Harbin Institute of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environmental, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
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Antwi P, Zhang D, Xiao L, Kabutey FT, Quashie FK, Luo W, Meng J, Li J. Modeling the performance of Single-stage Nitrogen removal using Anammox and Partial nitritation (SNAP) process with backpropagation neural network and response surface methodology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 690:108-120. [PMID: 31284185 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Two novel feedforward backpropagation Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)-based-models (8:NH:1 and 7:NH:1) combined with Box-Behnken design of experiments methodology was proposed and developed to model NH4+ and Total Nitrogen (TN) removal within an upflow-sludge-bed (USB) reactor treating nitrogen-rich wastewater via Single-stage Nitrogen removal using Anammox and Partial nitritation (SNAP) process. ANN were developed by optimizing network architecture parameters via response surface methodology. Based on the goodness-of-fit standards, the proposed three-layered NH4+ and TN removal ANN-based-models trained with Levenberg-Marquardt-algorithm demonstrated high-performance as computations exhibited smaller deviations-(±2.1%) as well as satisfactory coefficient of determination (R2), fractional variance-(FV), and index of agreement-(IA) ranging 0.989-0.997, 0.003-0.031 and 0.993-0.998, respectively. The computational results affirmed that the ANN architecture which was optimized with response surface methodology enhanced the efficiency of the ANN-based-models. Furthermore, the overall performance of the developed ANN-based models revealed that modeling intricate biological systems (such as SNAP) using ANN-based models with the view to improve removal efficiencies, establish process control strategies and optimize performance is highly feasible. Microbial community analysis conducted with 16S rRNA high-throughput approach revealed that Candidatus Kuenenia was the most pronounced genera which accounted for 13.11% followed by Nitrosomonas-(6.23%) and Proteocatella-(3.1%), an indication that nitrogen removal pathway within the USB was mainly via partial-nitritation/anammox process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Antwi
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou City 341000, China.
| | - Dachao Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou City 341000, China.
| | - Longwen Xiao
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou City 341000, China.
| | - Felix Tetteh Kabutey
- Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Environmental, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Frank Koblah Quashie
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou City 341000, China
| | - Wuhui Luo
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou City 341000, China
| | - Jia Meng
- Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Environmental, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China; University of Queensland, Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrman Building, Research Road, The St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jianzheng Li
- Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Environmental, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
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Seo H, Cho K, Shin J, Lee M, Park J, Lee BC, Song KG. Linking process performances and core microbial community structures in anaerobic membrane bioreactor with rotatory disk (ARMBR) system fed with high-strength food waste recycling wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 291:121918. [PMID: 31394487 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study first evaluated the process performances and microbial community structures of anaerobic rotary membrane bioreactor (ARMBR) fed with food waste recycling wastewater (FRW). Three identical ARMBRs were operated under different organic loading rate (OLR) conditions (1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 kg COD m-3 d-1) after the same start-up periods. The start-up performances and archaeal community structures differed among the ARMBRs, probably due to the sudden OLR shock. After the start-up, bio-methane was stably produced until the end of the operational period, with all of the ARMBRs showing >95% COD removal efficiency. Methanosaeta spp. was the predominant methanogen; diverse hydrogenotrophic methanogens co-existed. Bacteroidetes-like bacteria and Candidatus Cloacamonas acted as major fermentative bacteria producing acetate or hydrogen for the growth of methanogens. The results suggest that our ARMBR system can be a promising option to manage high-strength organic wastewater such as FRW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunduk Seo
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjin Cho
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Shin
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; School of Civil, Environmental & Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjoo Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhong Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Chan Lee
- Department of Civil Engineering and Landscape Architecture, Suncheon Jeil College, 17 Jeildaehak-gil, Suncheon, Cheonnam 57997, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Guen Song
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Zhang L, Ban Q, Li J, Wan C. Functional bacterial and archaeal dynamics dictated by pH stress during sugar refinery wastewater in a UASB. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 288:121464. [PMID: 31129516 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The operation performance and microbial mechanisms by pH stress were investigated during anaerobic digestion of sugar refinery wastewater in a upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor to clarify correlations between pH stress, microbial community and process efficiency. Results showed that the COD removal and methane yield were respectively reduced by 24.8% and 25.3% as pH decreased to 5.0. pH decrease resulted in the composition of dominant fermentative acidogenic bacteria was changed to Butyricicoccus, Lactococcus, Brooklawnia, Armatimonadetes_gp2 and Megasphaera from Prevotella, Streptococcus, Acidaminococcus and Megasphaera, causing an increase in propionate production. In addition, the growth of propionate-oxidizing bacteria was also inhibited at pH 5.0, leading the propionate was accumulated, and then reduced the process efficiency. Methane was mainly produced through acetate cleavage by Methanosaeta during the whole operational period of UASB. pH decrease blocked the metabolic balance and community structure between different trophic groups, resulting in the decrease in reactor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Qiaoying Ban
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, PR China
| | - Jianzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Chunli Wan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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26
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Antwi P, Zhang D, Luo W, Xiao LW, Meng J, Kabutey FT, Ayivi F, Li J. Performance, microbial community evolution and neural network modeling of single-stage nitrogen removal by partial-nitritation/anammox process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 284:359-372. [PMID: 30954904 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Single-stage nitrogen removal by anammox/partial-nitritation (SNAP) process was proposed and explored in a packed-bed-EGSB reactor to treat nitrogen-rich wastewater. With dissolved oxygen (DO) maintained within 0.2-0.5 mg/L, reactor performance and microbial community dynamics were evaluated and reported. To ascertain whether control/prediction of the SNAP process was feasible with mathematical modeling, a novel 3-layered backpropagation-artificial-neural-network-(BANN) was also developed to model nitrogen removal efficiencies. When NLR of 300 gN/m3·d and DO of <0.3 mg/L was employed, the SNAP-process demonstrated autotrophic nitrogen removal pathways with NH4+-N and TN removal of 91.1% and 81.9%, respectively. Microbial community succession revealed by 16S rRNA high-throughput gene-sequencing indicated that Candidatus-Kuenenia-(33.83%), Nitrosomonas-(3.4%) Armatimonadetes_gp5-(1.39%), Ignavibacterium-(1.80%), Thiobacillus-(1.33%), and Nitrospira-(1.17%) were the most pronounced genera at steady-state. The proposed BANN-model demonstrated high-performance as computational results revealed smaller deviations (±3%) and satisfactory coefficient of determination-(R2 = 0.989), fractional variance-(FV = 0.0107), and index of agreement-(IA = 0.997). Thus, forecasting the efficiency of a SNAP-process with neural-network modeling was highly feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Antwi
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou City 341000, PR China
| | - Dachao Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou City 341000, PR China.
| | - Wuhui Luo
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou City 341000, PR China
| | - Long Wen Xiao
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou City 341000, PR China
| | - Jia Meng
- Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Environmental, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Felix Tetteh Kabutey
- Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Environmental, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Frederick Ayivi
- Fayetteville State University, Department of Geography, 1200 Murchison Road, Fayetteville, NC 28301, USA
| | - Jianzheng Li
- Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Environmental, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
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27
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Zhang Y, Li J, Liu F, Yan H, Li J, Zhang X, Jha AK. Specific quorum sensing signal molecules inducing the social behaviors of microbial populations in anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 273:185-195. [PMID: 30447619 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of dominant functional floras involved in anaerobic digestion was obtained by subculturing anaerobic sludge with specific substrates, respectively, and their specific quorum sensing signals (AHLs) were identified. It was found that most of the AHLs were secreted in starvation of the functional floras. One or two AHLs were found to have a significant positive correlation with the behavior of hydrolytic-fermentative bacteria, homoacetogens, syntrophic propionate-oxidizing bacteria, syntrophic butyrate-oxidizing bacteria and aceticlastic methanogens, respectively. Hydrogenotrophic methanogens had a various self-organization means and broader relations with the other populations, which was induced by six AHLs at least. Performance of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket in the startup process revealed that the dominant populations involved in anaerobic digestion would secret specific AHLs to induce K-strategy in resource-limited situation for reproduction and regulating their cooperation. This work presents a novel perspective on the social behaviors of microbial populations in anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Jianzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Fengqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Han Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Jiuling Li
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Xue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Avinash Kumar Jha
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
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28
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Qin X, Ji M, Wu X, Li C, Gao Y, Li J, Wu Q, Zhang X, Zhang Z. Response of treatment performance and microbial community structure to the temporary suspension of an industrial anaerobic bioreactor. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 646:229-237. [PMID: 30053667 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel type of mesophilic anaerobic bioreactor-an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB)-was utilized to explore the effect of suspending reactor operation on the treatment performance and the microbial community structure. The parameters of performance and bacterial community before and after a four-week suspension were compared for the starch processing wastewater treatment bioreactor. The results indicate that the removal rate of the organic matter remained higher than 90%, although the biomass significantly decreased after restarting the reactor. However, the relatively stable microbial community structure before the suspension was altered significantly during the restart and post-running stages. This change was primarily due to variability in satellite species and the substitution effect of different dominant bacteria. For example, some non-major carbohydrate-degrading bacteria that were sensitive to nutrition deficiency, such as Desulfovibrio and Geobacter, were dramatically reduced after the suspension. In contrast, the stress of starvation stimulated the reproduction of hydrolytic bacteria, such as Macellibacteroides. However, the high bacterial diversity index (6.12-6.65) and the longstanding core species, including Chloroflexi, Cloacimonetes, Ignavibacteriae, Thermotogae and Euryarchaeota, maintained the functional stability of the reactor. Consequently, although the total bacteria decreased significantly after reactor operation was suspended, sufficient functional bacteria supported by the high diversity, as well as the longstanding core species, guaranteed the effective degradation after suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchao Qin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueshu Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaoyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhenjia Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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29
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Qin H, Ji B, Zhang S, Kong Z. Study on the bacterial and archaeal community structure and diversity of activated sludge from three wastewater treatment plants. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 135:801-807. [PMID: 30301100 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the bacterial and archaeal communities along with their functions of activated sludge from three wastewater treatment plants were investigated by Illumina MiSeq Platform. The treatment processes were modified A/A/O, DE oxidation ditch and pre-anaerobic carrousel oxidation ditch, respectively. The taxonomic analyses showed that Proteobacteria was the predominant bacterial phylum, and Nitrosospira was the dominant nitrification genus. Candidatus Accumulibacter was abundant in DE oxidation ditch process, and the main archaea communities were methanosaeta-like species which had the capability to anaerobic ammonia oxidation. The results illustrated that anaerobic ammonium oxidation played an important role in the nitrogen metabolism and there might be other unknown phosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) performing phosphorus removal in activated sludge. The predicted function analyses indicated that both bacteria and archaea were involved in nitrification, denitrification, ammonification and phosphorus removal processes, and their relative abundance varied metabolic modules differed from each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qin
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Bin Ji
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Shufei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Zehua Kong
- Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, Sir Frederick Mappin Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
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30
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Wang S, Li J, Zheng G, Du G, Li J. Bioaugmentation with Mixed Hydrogen-Producing Acetogen Cultures Enhances Methane Production in Molasses Wastewater Treatment. ARCHAEA (VANCOUVER, B.C.) 2018; 2018:4634898. [PMID: 30154680 PMCID: PMC6093043 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4634898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen-producing acetogens (HPA) have a transitional role in anaerobic wastewater treatment. Thus, bioaugmentation with HPA cultures can enhance the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency and CH4 yield of anaerobic wastewater treatment. Cultures with high degradation capacities for propionic acid and butyric acid were obtained through continuous subculture in enrichment medium and were designated as Z08 and Z12. Bioaugmentation with Z08 and Z12 increased CH4 production by glucose removal to 1.58. Bioaugmentation with Z08 and Z12 increased the COD removal rate in molasses wastewater from 71.60% to 85.84%. The specific H2 and CH4 yields from COD removal increased by factors of 1.54 and 1.63, respectively. Results show that bioaugmentation with HPA-dominated cultures can improve CH4 production from COD removal. Furthermore, hydrogen-producing acetogenesis was identified as the rate-limiting step in anaerobic wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu College of Water Treatment Technology and Material Collaborative Innovation Center, Suzhou 215009, China
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Jianzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Guochen Zheng
- Songliao River Basin Administration of Water Resources Protection, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- Ministry Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ji Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiangsu College of Water Treatment Technology and Material Collaborative Innovation Center, Suzhou 215009, China
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31
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Antwi P, Li J, Meng J, Deng K, Koblah Quashie F, Li J, Opoku Boadi P. Feedforward neural network model estimating pollutant removal process within mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 257:102-112. [PMID: 29486407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this a, three-layered feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (BPANN) model was developed and employed to evaluate COD removal an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating industrial starch processing wastewater. At the end of UASB operation, microbial community characterization revealed satisfactory composition of microbes whereas morphology depicted rod-shaped archaea. pH, COD, NH4+, VFA, OLR and biogas yield were selected by principal component analysis and used as input variables. Whilst tangent sigmoid function (tansig) and linear function (purelin) were assigned as activation functions at the hidden-layer and output-layer, respectively, optimum BPANN architecture was achieved with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (trainlm) after eleven training algorithms had been tested. Based on performance indicators such the mean squared errors, fractional variance, index of agreement and coefficient of determination (R2), the BPANN model demonstrated significant performance with R2 reaching 87%. The study revealed that, control and optimization of an anaerobic digestion process with BPANN model was feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Antwi
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, PR China; Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environmental, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Jianzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environmental, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Jia Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environmental, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Kaiwen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environmental, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Frank Koblah Quashie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environmental, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Jiuling Li
- Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrmann Building, Research Road, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Portia Opoku Boadi
- School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Nan Gang District, Harbin 150001, PR China
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32
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Qin X, Wu X, Li L, Li C, Zhang Z, Zhang X. The Advanced Anaerobic Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (AnaEG) Possessed Temporally and Spatially Stable Treatment Performance and Microbial Community in Treating Starch Processing Wastewater. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:589. [PMID: 29643847 PMCID: PMC5882818 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study implements temporal and spatial appraisals on the operational performance and corresponding microbial community structure of a full-scale advanced anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed (AnaEG) which was used to treat low organic loading starch processing wastewater. Results showed stable treatment efficiency could be maintained with long-term erratic influent quality, and a major reaction zone located at the bottom of the AnaEG, where the main pollutant removal rate was greater than 90%. Remarkably, high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons displayed that the predominant members constructed the major part of the overall microbial community and showed highly temporal stability. They were affiliated to Chloroflexi (16.4%), Proteobacteria (14.01%), Firmicutes (8.76%), Bacteroidetes (7.85%), Cloacimonetes (3.21%), Ignavibacteriae (1.80%), Synergistetes (1.11%), Thermotogae (0.98%), and Euryarchaeota (3.18%). This part of microorganism implemented the long-term stable treatment efficiency of the reactor. Simultaneously, an extraordinary spatial homogeneity in the granule physic properties and microbial community structure along the vertical direction was observed within the AnaEG. In conclusion, the microbial community structure and the bioreactor’s performance showed notable spatial and temporal consistency, and the predominant populations guaranteed a long-term favorable treatment performance of the AnaEG. It provides us with a better understanding of the mechanism of this recently proposed anaerobic reactor which was used in low organic loading wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchao Qin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingfang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenjia Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Diversity of microbiota found in coffee processing wastewater treatment plant. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:211. [PMID: 29134289 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2372-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cultivable microbiota presents in a coffee semi-dry processing wastewater treatment plant (WTP) was identified. Thirty-two operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected, these being 16 bacteria, 11 yeasts and 4 filamentous fungi. Bacteria dominated the microbial population (11.61 log CFU mL- 1), and presented the highest total diversity index when observed in the WTP aerobic stage (Shannon = 1.94 and Simpson = 0.81). The most frequent bacterial species were Enterobacter asburiae, Sphingobacterium griseoflavum, Chryseobacterium bovis, Serratia marcescens, Corynebacterium flavescens, Acetobacter orientalis and Acetobacter indonesiensis; these showed the largest total bacteria populations in the WTP, with approximately 10 log CFU mL- 1. Yeasts were present at 7 log CFU mL- 1 of viable cells, with Hanseniaspora uvarum, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Torulaspora delbrueckii, Saturnispora gosingensis, and Kazachstania gamospora being the prevalent species. Filamentous fungi were found at 6 log CFU mL- 1, with Fusarium oxysporum the most populous species. The identified species have the potential to act as a biological treatment in the WTP, and the application of them for this purpose must be better studied.
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Antwi P, Li J, Boadi PO, Meng J, Koblah Quashie F, Wang X, Ren N, Buelna G. Efficiency of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating potato starch processing wastewater and related process kinetics, functional microbial community and sludge morphology. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 239:105-116. [PMID: 28501683 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.04.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor was employed to treat potato starch processing wastewater and the efficacy, kinetics, microbial diversity and morphology of sludge granules were investigated. When organic loading rate (OLR) ranging from 2.70 to 13.27kgCOD/m3.d was implemented with various hydraulic retention times (72h, 48h and 36h), COD removal could reach 92.0-97.7%. Highest COD removal (97.7%) was noticed when OLR was 3.65kgCOD/m3.d, but had declined to 92.0% when OLR was elevated to 13.27kgCOD/m3.d. Methane and biogas production increased from 0.48 to 2.97L/L.d and 0.90 to 4.28L/L.d, respectively. Kinetics and predictions by modified-Gompertz model agreed better with experimental data as opposed to first-order kinetic model. Functional population with highest abundance was Chloroflexi (28.91%) followed by Euryarchaeota (22.13%), Firmicutes (16.7%), Proteobacteria (16.25%) and Bacteroidetes (7.73%). Compared with top sludge, tightly-bound extracellular polymeric substances was high within bottom and middle sludge. Morphology was predominantly Methanosaeta-like cells, Methanosarcina-like cells, rods and cocci colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Antwi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Jianzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Portia Opoku Boadi
- School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Nan Gang District, Harbin 150001, PR China.
| | - Jia Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Frank Koblah Quashie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Gerardo Buelna
- Centre de Recherché Industrielle du Québec (CRIQ), 333 Franquet, Sainte-Foy, Québec G1P 4C7 Canada.
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Effect of Seasonal Temperature on the Performance and on the Microbial Community of a Novel AWFR for Decentralized Domestic Wastewater Pretreatment. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/app7060605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to environmental burden and human health risks in developing countries, the treatment of decentralized domestic wastewater has been a matter of great concern in recent years. A novel pilot-scale three-stage anaerobic wool-felt filter reactor (AWFR) was designed to treat real decentralized domestic wastewater at seasonal temperature variations of 8 to 35 °C for 364 days. The results showed that the average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies of AWFR in summer and winter were 76 ± 7.2% and 52 ± 5.9% at one day and three days Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT), respectively. COD mass balance analysis demonstrated that even though COD removal was lower in winter, approximately 43.5% of influent COD was still converted to methane. High-throughput MiSeq sequencing analyses indicated that Methanosaeta, Methanobacterium, and Methanolinea were the predominant methanogens, whereas the genus Bacillus probably played important roles in fermentation processes throughout the whole operation period. The performance and microbial community composition study suggested the application potential of the AWFR system for the pretreatment of decentralized domestic wastewater.
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