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Zhang Y, Raashid M, Shen X, Waqas Iqbal M, Ali I, Ahmad MS, Simakov DSA, Elkamel A, Shen B. Investigation of the evolved pyrolytic products and energy potential of Bagasse: experimental, kinetic, thermodynamic and boosted regression trees analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130295. [PMID: 38184085 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
This study explored bagasse's energy potential grown using treated industrial wastewater through various analyses, experimental, kinetic, thermodynamic, and machine learning boosted regression tree methods. Thermogravimetry was employed to determine thermal degradation characteristics, varying the heating rate from 10 to 30 °C/min. The primary pyrolysis products from bagasse are H2, CH4, H2O, CO2, and hydrocarbons. Kinetic parameters were estimated using three model-free methods, yielding activation energies of approximately 245.98 kJ mol-1, 247.58 kJ mol-1, and 244.69 kJ mol-1. Thermodynamic parameters demonstrated the feasibility and reactivity of pyrolysis with ΔH ≈ 240.72 kJ mol-1, ΔG ≈ 162.87 kJ mol-1, and ΔS ≈ 165.35 J mol-1 K-1. The distribution of activation energy was analyzed using the multiple distributed activation energy model. Lastly, boosted regression trees predicted thermal degradation successfully, with an R2 of 0.9943. Therefore, bagasse's potential as an eco-friendly alternative to fossil fuels promotes waste utilization and carbon footprint reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Muhammad Raashid
- Department of Chemical, Polymer and Composite Materials Engineering, New campus, UET Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Xiaoqian Shen
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Waqas Iqbal
- Department of Chemical, Polymer and Composite Materials Engineering, New campus, UET Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Ali
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Ali Elkamel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Canada
| | - Boxiong Shen
- School of Energy & Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.
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Zaker A, Chen Z, Lee K, Ben Hammouda S. Development of sludge-based activated char sorbent with enhanced hydrophobicity for oil spill cleanup. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:1772-1781. [PMID: 34842051 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.2012269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recovery of oil spilled on surface waters by the use of sorbents remains one of the primary oil spill response options available. To improve on this response measure, we have successfully fabricated an activated char (AC) sorbent material by pyrolysis of sewage sludge (SS), a readily available waste product generated across the world from wastewater treatment plants. The inherent Fe-minerals in SS texture were converted to magnetic Fe3O4 particles during the pyrolysis reaction. The AC provided a unique means to recover the sorbent after the oil sorption process with a magnetic field. Meanwhile, a superhydrophobic sorbent material with a water contact angle of 152.2° was created by the treatment of AC with myristic acid which could float on the water surface. Feasibility studies at the laboratory-scale were conducted with motor oil and light crude oil to evaluate its potential use in spill response operations. Results showed a sorption capacity of about 8.5 and 10.7 g/g for motor oil and light crude oil, respectively. Following the recovery of the test oils by ethanol stripping, the material could be recycled up to 5 times with trivial loss in sorption capacity. This research proposes a framework for the development of a highly efficient sorbent material for oil spill response operations from SS waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zaker
- Department of Building, Civil, and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Building, Civil, and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kenneth Lee
- Ecosystem Science, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Samia Ben Hammouda
- Department of Building, Civil, and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
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Investigation of Pyrolysis Behavior of Sewage Sludge by Thermogravimetric Analysis Coupled with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry Using Different Heating Rates. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15145116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, pyrolysis of municipal sewage sludge samples from different sources including cattle and chicken manure as well as brook mud, was investigated using a thermogravimetric analysis coupled with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (TG-FTIR) at different heating rates (25, 50 and 100 °C/min). In order to determine the kinetic parameters, Arrhenius, model-free Kissinger–Akira–Sunose (KAS), as well as Friedman and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) methods were compared. The thermogravimetric results revealed that pyrolysis involved different stages, and that the main decomposition reactions took place in the range of 200–600 °C. In this range, decomposition of biodegradable components (e.g., lipids and polysaccharides), proteins and carbohydrates occurred; meanwhile, there were samples (e.g., cattle manure, brook mud) in which the decomposition step could be observed even at temperatures above 700 °C. According to the Arrhenius method, the activation energies of the first decomposition stage were between 25.6 and 85.4 kJ/mol, while the activation energies of the second and third stages were in the ranges of 11.4–36.3 kJ/mol and 20.2–135 kJ/mol, respectively. The activation energies were also calculated by the KAS, Friedman and FWO methods, which were in the range of 100–300 kJ/mol for municipal sewage sludge or distillery sludge, and ranged between 9.6 and 240 kJ/mol for cattle manure, chicken manure and brook mud samples.
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The Catalytic Effect from Alkaline Elements on the Tar-Rich Coal Pyrolysis. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12040376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tar-rich coal has been widely concerned because of its high tar yield. Two kinds of tar-rich coals were studied by Thermogravimetric-Mass spectrometer-Fourier transform infrared (TG-MS-FTIR) to obtain the pyrolysis characteristics. TG-MS-FTIR was used to study the mass loss, gaseous compounds evolution, and functional group information of tar-rich coal during pyrolysis. Mass loss is mainly caused by water release and macromolecular decomposition. The results showed that there were two stages of mass loss in the pyrolysis process. In addition, the gas release signal detected by mass spectrometry is consistent with the functional group information detected by FTIR. The main gaseous products include H2, H2O, CO, CO2, and CH4. In addition, the effect of ash content on the pyrolysis of oil-rich coal and the catalytic effect of internal minerals on coal pyrolysis are also discussed, and the thermal pyrolysis characteristics of coke-rich oil coal are put forward. The results provide a new idea for the study of pyrolysis characteristics of tar-rich coal.
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Kristanto J, Azis MM, Purwono S. Multi-distribution activation energy model on slow pyrolysis of cellulose and lignin in TGA/DSC. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07669. [PMID: 34386629 PMCID: PMC8346647 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing a kinetic model to analyze the multi-step reaction of biomass pyrolysis is pivotal to elucidate the mechanism of the pyrolysis. For this purpose, a model-fitting method such as multi-distribution the Distributed Activation Energy Model (DAEM) is one of the most reliable methods. DAEM with 4 different distribution functions of Gaussian, Logarithmic, Gumbel, and Cauchy was utilized to characterize the pyrolysis of cellulose and lignin during Thermogravimetric Analysis/Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TGA/DSC) instrumentation. By comparing Derivative Thermogravimetry (DTG) and DSC profiles, determination of pseudo-components can be done more accurately. A kinetics analysis on the pyrolysis of cellulose with a single Gaussian distribution DAEM yielded a single activation energy of 178 kJ mol−1 with a narrow standard deviation. This result was justified by a single and dominant endothermic peak followed by minor exothermic peaks in the DSC result. For lignin pyrolysis, the presence of multiple peaks is characterized by four pseudo-components in DAEM with activation energies of 157, 174, 194, and 200 kJ mol−1. These pseudo-components were confirmed by the DSC result which indicated the occurrences of two exothermic peaks with two lesser exothermic or possibly endothermic peaks at the same temperature range. These findings imply the importance of DSC to support a kinetics study of thermogravimetric pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Kristanto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Mufti Azis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Suryo Purwono
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.,Professional Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
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Du J, Gao L, Yang Y, Chen G, Guo S, Omran M, Chen J, Ruan R. Study on thermochemical characteristics properties and pyrolysis kinetics of the mixtures of waste corn stalk and pyrolusite. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 324:124660. [PMID: 33434872 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As an alternative energy source for fossil energy, use of biomass pyrolysis to reduce pyrolusite is of great significance for energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection. Kinetics and thermodynamics of reducing pyrolusite using biomass pyrolysis was studied using thermogravimetric analysis analysis. Five non-isothermal methods, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose, Distributed Activation Energy Model, Starink and Friedman, were employed to calculate the pyrolysis kinetics and thermodynamic parameters. The results showed that pyrolusite reduction by biomass pyrolysis can be divided into four stages: drying stage (30-175 °C), rapid pyrolysis reduction stage (175-350 °C), slow pyrolysis reduction stage (350-680 °C) and char formation stage (680-900 °C). The apparent activation energy, reaction enthalpy, Gibbs free energy and entropy change of pyrolusite reduction by biomass pyrolysis was calculated ranges from 170 to 180 kJ/mol, 164 to 174 kJ/mol, 136.97 to 137.25 kJ/mol and 45.67 to 61.91 J/mol·K, respectively. This work provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for the reduction of pyrolusite by waste corn stalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjia Du
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Green-Chemistry Materials in University of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Daxin Branch of CITIC Dameng Mining Industries Ltd., Chongzuo 532315, China
| | - Guo Chen
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Green-Chemistry Materials in University of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shenghui Guo
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | | | - Jin Chen
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; Key Laboratory of Green-Chemistry Materials in University of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Roger Ruan
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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Casal M, Marbán G. Combined kinetic analysis of solid‐state reactions: The integral method (ICKA). INT J CHEM KINET 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.D. Casal
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono (INCAR‐CSIC) – c/Francisco Pintado Fe 26 Oviedo 33011 Spain
| | - Gregorio Marbán
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología del Carbono (INCAR‐CSIC) – c/Francisco Pintado Fe 26 Oviedo 33011 Spain
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Jiang LQ, Lin Q, Lin Y, Xu FX, Zhang X, Zhao ZL, Li HB. Impact of ball-milling and ionic liquid pretreatments on pyrolysis kinetics and behaviors of crystalline cellulose. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 305:123044. [PMID: 32114305 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the kinetic mechanisms of pyrolysis of cellulose with different physical structures were illustrated. The crystalline cellulose showed better thermal stability and required higher energy for decomposition with more concentrated reactions due to the highly ordered structure. The crystallinity of the ball milling and ionic liquid pretreated cellulose decreased and the structure was relatively loose and disordered, thereby reducing the thermal stability, so the global activation energy of both samples decreased and the intensive reaction caused by the collapse of structure was alleviated. In fast pyrolysis, crystalline cellulose favored fast pyrolytic saccharification, and the highest levoglucosan yield reached 64.3 wt% at 400 °C. This research was helpful to deduce the influence of physical structure on the pyrolytic product distribution of cellulose, thereby providing useful information to promote the development of pyrolytic saccharification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qun Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and Byproduct Deep Processing, Center South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yan Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Fei-Xiang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zeng-Li Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hai-Bin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Lin Y, Xiao H, Chen B, Ge Y, He Q, Tao S, Wang W. Thermal behavior and general distributed activation energy model kinetics of Lignite-Chinese herb residues blends during co-pyrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 304:122991. [PMID: 32078906 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the pyrolysis behavior of lignite, Chinese herb residues (CHR) and their blends were explored by thermogravimetric analysis. The co-pyrolysis improved the pyrolysis characteristic of lignite, leading to an increment of index D. Analysis results showed that 30%-50% of CHR add ratio was the appropriate choice for co-pyrolysis with lignite. It was clarified that synergetic effects between lignite with CHR occurred during the co-pyrolysis treatment. And the promoting effects were dominated at 240 °C to 310 °C, while it turned to inhibiting effects at 315 °C to 355 °C. The pyrolysis kinetic evolution was adapted by a new general distributed activation energy model with four pseudo-components. The simulation results demonstrated an excellent match with the adjusted coefficients Radj2 over 99.97%. In addition, G-DAEM further considered A-E kinetic compensatory effect. The outcomes enriched the applicability of this model in thermal process of other fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousheng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Hanmin Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Baiman Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Ya Ge
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Qing He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Shi Tao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
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Wu Y, Jiang L, Lin Y, Qian L, Xu F, Lang X, Fan S, Zhao Z, Li H. Novel crude glycerol pretreatment for selective saccharification of sugarcane bagasse via fast pyrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 294:122094. [PMID: 31521980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Pretreatment is a vital process for efficient saccharification and utilization of lignocellulose. In this study, crude glycerol derived from biodiesel production was used for pretreatment to facilitate selective saccharification via fast pyrolysis. Due to the efficient removal of alkali and alkaline earth metals (>95.0%) and lignin (79.4%) by crude glycerol pretreatment, the yield of levoglucosan was evaluated to 25.2% as compared to those from pure glycerol pretreated (14.4%) and untreated sugarcane bagasse (8.4%). Meanwhile, the production of inhibitors (e.g. acetic acid, phenol) to biocatalysts was also obviously inhibited from crude glycerol pretreated biomass. Consequently, this work provided a cost-effective and eco-friendly pretreatment mode, which could not only make full utilization of crude glycerol, but also improve the fermentability of lignocellulosic pyrolysate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Liqun Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Yan Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Le Qian
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Feixiang Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xuemei Lang
- Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shuanshi Fan
- Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zengli Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Haibin Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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