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Zhang Y, Li J, Chen Y, Yang J, Chen Z, Wang X. Rapid start-up and stable operation of pilot scale denitrification-partial nitritation/anammox process for treating electroplating tail wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 409:131192. [PMID: 39094960 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
This study explored a novel economical and efficient process for treating actual low-ammonia nitrogen electroplating tail wastewater. A pilot scale system of denitrification-partial nitrification/anaerobic ammonium oxidation (DN-PN/A) was constructed and operated for 190 days. The partial nitrification (PN) reactor, filled with zeolite, increased free ammonia concentration beyond the nitrite oxidizing bacteria threshold and successfully supplied NO2--N, with nitrite accumulation rate exceeding 90 %. Over 109 days, the total nitrogen removal rate achieved was 80.2 ± 7.41 %, and the chemical oxygen demand removal rate reached 79.68 ± 9.53 %. The dominant functional bacteria were Nitrosomonas (5.45 %) and Candidatus Anammoxoglobus (28.84 %) in PN reactor and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) reactor. This process, characterized by rapid start-up, strong shock resistance, and low cost, alleviates the pressure of ammonium pollution control, promotes the sustainable development of the electroplating industry and has the potential for application in the treatment of other industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, 510006, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, 510006, China
| | - Yongxing Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, 510006, China
| | - Junfeng Yang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, 510006, China
| | - Zhenguo Chen
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Hua An Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan 528300, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, 510006, China.
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2
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Wang P, Ou R, Tan J, Li N, Zheng M, Jin Q, Yu J, He D. Effect of sludge redistribution strategy on stability of partial nitrification-anammox process: Further exploration of the potential value of sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141707. [PMID: 38521102 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
The stability of the two-stage partial nitrification-anammox (PN/A) system was compromised by the inappropriate conversion of insoluble organic matter. In response, a sludge redistribution strategy was implemented. Through the redistribution of PN sludge and anammox sludge in the two-stage PN/A system, a transition was made to the Anammox-single stage PN/A (A-PN/A) system. This specific functional reorganization, facilitated by the rapid reorganization of microbial communities, has the potential to significantly decrease the current risk of suppression. The results of the study showed that implementing the sludge redistribution strategy led to a substantial enhancement in the total nitrogen removal rate (TNRR) by 87.51%, accompanied by a significant improvement of 34.78% in the chemical oxygen demand removal rate (CRR). Additionally, this approach resulted in a remarkable two-thirds reduction in the aeration requirements. High-throughput sequencing revealed that the strategy enriched anammox and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria while limiting denitrifying bacteria, as confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Furthermore, the principal component analysis revealed that the location and duration of aeration had direct and indirect effects on functional gene expression and the evolution of microbial communities. This study emphasizes the potential benefits of restructuring microbial communities through a sludge redistribution strategy, especially in integrated systems that encounter challenges with suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Rui Ou
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Jun Tan
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Ning Li
- Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510611, PR China.
| | - Min Zheng
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Qinghai Jin
- Shenzhen Pangu Environmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
| | - Jin Yu
- Shenzhen Pangu Environmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
| | - Di He
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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3
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Li Y, Chen Z, Zhou S, Fan J, Huang L, Deng Z, Zhang C, Wang X. Improving stability and nitrogen removal performance of pilot-scale autotrophic process for mature landfill leachate treatment utilizing in-situ organics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 381:129118. [PMID: 37141999 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This study established a stable and efficient pilot-scale denitrification (DN) and partial nitritation (PN) combined with autotrophic nitrogen removal process for mature landfill leachate treatment. A total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency (TINRE) of 95.3% was achieved without any external carbon source input, including 17.1%, 1.0% and 77.2% of nitrogen removal contributed by the DN, PN and autotrophic processes, respectively. ANAMMOX genus, Ca_Anammoxoglobus (19.4%) was dominant in autotrophic reactor. Moreover, denitrifying bacteria could utilize in-situ organics, including poorly degradable organics, to enhance the nitrogen removal performance of autotrophic process, contributing 3.4% of TINRE. This study provides new insights for the economical, low-carbon, and efficient treatment of mature landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggan Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zhenguo Chen
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | - Junhao Fan
- Hua an Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan 528300, China
| | - Linxiang Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zexi Deng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Chuchu Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China; Hua an Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan 528300, China.
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Chen Z, Wang X, Zhou S, Fan J, Chen Y. Large-scale (500 kg N/day) two-stage partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) process for liquid-ammonia mercerization wastewater treatment: Rapid start-up and long-term operational performance. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116404. [PMID: 36375427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The nitrogen pollution control of liquid-ammonia mercerization wastewater (LMWW) is one of the typical obstacle restricting the sustainability of textile industry. In this study, a 500 kg N/day two-stage partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) process containing PN reactor filled with zeolite and biofilm anammox reactors was successfully started up in 45 days and operated stably with high shock resistance over one year for LMWW treatment. The large-scale process achieved an average ammonium removal efficiency (94.3 ± 2.3%), total nitrogen removal efficiency (89.4 ± 2.7%) and nitrogen removal rate (1.003 ± 0.386 kg N/m3/day) during one year engineering operation. Simultaneous denitrification was revealed by the contribution of 5.2% total nitrogen removed. High-throughput sequencing results showed that Nitrosomonas was the most dominant genus in PN reactor, and Ca. Anammoxoglobus and Ca. Kuenenia were the functional bacteria for nitrogen removal in anammox reactors. Compared to traditional nitrification-denitrification process, the large-scale process reduced a total operational cost of 46.03 CNY/kg N for LMWW. This study revealed the proposed process was quite reliable with fast start-up and high impact resistance to overcome the obstacle of nitrogen pollution control for LMWW economically and conducive to the sustainable development for textile industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China.
| | | | - Junhao Fan
- Hua an Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan 528300, China
| | - Yongxing Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
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Yan Z, Li A, Shim H, Wang D, Cheng S, Wang Y, Li M. Effect of ozone pretreatment on biogranulation with partial nitritation - Anammox two stages for nitrogen removal from mature landfill leachate. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 317:115470. [PMID: 35751269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to the extremely low C/N ratio, high concentration of ammonia nitrogen and refractory organic matter of mature landfill leachate (MLL), appropriate processes should be selected to effectively remove nitrogen and reduce disposal costs. Partial nitritation (PN) and anaerobic ammonia oxidation (AMX) have been used as the main nitrogen removal processes for MLL, and the sludge granulation in PN and AMX processes could contribute to high biological activity, good sedimentation performance, and stable resistance to toxicity. In this study, the O3-PN-AMX biogranules process was selected to effectively remove nitrogen from MLL without carbon addition and pH adjustment. Without uneconomical NH4+-N oxidation and wasting the alkalinity of MLL, ozone pretreatment achieved color removal, decreased humic- and fulvic-like acid substances, and alleviated the MLL toxicity on ammonia oxidizers. In addition, the ozonation of MLL could shorten the start-up time and improve the treatment efficiency and biogranules stability of PN and AMX processes. Efficient and stable nitritation was achieved in PN reactor without strict dissolved oxygen (DO) control, which was attributed to the unique structure of granular sludge, ozone pretreatment, and alternating inhibition of free ammonia and free nitric acid on nitrite oxidizers. Through the application of ozone pretreatment and granular sludge, the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) and nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of the O3-PN-AMX biogranules process reached 0.39 kg/m3/day and 85%, respectively, for the undiluted MLL treatment. This study might provide a novel and effective operation strategy of combined process for the efficient, economical, and stable nitrogen removal from MLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education / State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Anjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education / State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Hojae Shim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Danyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education / State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shuqian Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education / State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuexing Wang
- Shenzhen Shenshui Ecological & Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518048, China
| | - Ming Li
- Engelbart (Beijing) Eco-Tech Co., Ltd., Beijing, 101300, China
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Wang X, Yang H. Nitrogen removal performance of anammox immobilized fillers in response to seasonal temperature variations and different operating modes: Substrate utilization and microbial community analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154574. [PMID: 35304144 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Four anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) immobilized filler reactors (R1: 33 °C-normal, R2: seasonal temperature-normal, R3: seasonal temperature-feast, R4: seasonal temperature-starvation) were established to study the response of anammox immobilized fillers to seasonal temperature changes and different operating modes. The results showed that the anammox immobilized filler could better adapt to the seasonal temperature drop and maintain the activity potential by adjusting the hydraulic retention time (HRT). During the temperature rise phase, R2 activity increased rapidly with the highest nitrogen removal rate reaching 1.26 kgN·(m3·d)-1, which was equivalent to control sample R1 (1.33 kgN·(m3·d)-1). However, feasting and famine conditions severely impaired anammox performance and changed stoichiometric ratios; feasting, in particular, significantly lowered the nitrogen removal potential of R3. The specific anammox activity of R2, R3 and R4 was 92.2%, 52.6% and 67.9%, respectively, that of R1, respectively, where the accumulation of functional bacteria was the reason for the higher activity of R2. Degradation kinetics and NO2--N inhibition curves showed that R3 was less sensitive to high concentrations of NH4+-N, while R4 responded earlier to low concentrations of NH4+-N, and the reduction of IC50 at low temperature was the reason for the inhibition of R3 activity. Furthermore, seasonal temperature fluctuations had little effect on the microbial community structure but had a considerable impact on bacteria abundance. The anammox functional bacteria Candidatus Kuenenia was found to be the dominant genus in R1-R4; however, the relative abundance of most bacteria, including anammox bacteria, decreased in R3, while the proportion of fermentation bacteria and denitrifying bacteria increased in R4. These findings highlight the necessity of rational regulation of HRT for the adaptation of anammox immobilized fillers to seasonal temperature changes, which could enhance our understanding of the synergistic effect of seasonal temperature changes and different operating modes on nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoTong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architectural Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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Liu H, Zeng W, Li J, Zhan M, Fan Z, Peng Y. Effect of S 2O 32--S addition on Anammox coupling sulfur autotrophic denitrification and mechanism analysis using N and O dual isotope effects. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 218:118404. [PMID: 35462259 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) coupling sulfur autotrophic denitrification is an effective method for the advanced nitrogen removal from the wastewater with limited carbon source. The influence of S2O32--S addition on Anammox coupling sulfur autotrophic denitrification was investigated by adding different concentrations of S2O32--S (0, 39, 78, 156 and 312 mg/L) to the Anammox system. The contribution of sulfur autotrophic denitrification and Anammox to nitrogen removal at S2O32--S concentrations of 156 mg/L was 75% ∼83% and 17%∼25%, respectively, and the mixed system achieved completely nitrogen removal. However, Anammox bioactivity was completely inhibited at S2O32--S concentrations up to 312 mg/L, and only sulfur autotrophic denitrification occurred. The isotopic effects of NO2--N (δ15NNO2 and δ18ONO2) and NO3--N (δ15NNO3 and δ18ONO3) during Anammox coupling sulfur autotrophic denitrification showed a gradual decrease trend with the increase of S2O32--S addition. The ratios of δ15NNO2:δ18ONO2 and δ15NNO3:δ18ONO3 was maintained at 1.30-2.41 and 1.36-2.52, respectively, which revealed that Anammox was dominant nitrogen removal pathway at S2O32--S concentrations less than 156 mg/L. Microbial diversity gradually decreased with the increase of S2O32--S. The S2O32--S addition enhanced the S2O32--driven autotrophic denitrification and weakened the Anammox, leading to a gradually decreasing trend of the proportion of Candidatus Brocadia as Anammox bacteria from the initial 27% to 4% (S2O32--S of 156 mg/L). Yet Norank-f-Hydrogenophilaceae (more than 50%) and Thiobacillus (54%) as functional bacteria of autotrophic denitrification obviously increased. The appropriate amount of S2O32--S addition promoted the performance of Anammox coupling sulfur autotrophic denitrification achieved completely nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Jianmin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Mengjia Zhan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zhiwei Fan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
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Sun L, Zhang H, Lin H, Pan W. Design and Research of an Underactuated Manipulator Based on the Metamorphic Mechanism. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22134766. [PMID: 35808263 PMCID: PMC9269281 DOI: 10.3390/s22134766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Robot hands play an important role in the interaction between robots and the environment, and the precision and complexity of their tasks in work production are becoming higher and higher. However, because the traditional manipulator has too many driving components, complex control, and a lack of versatility, it is difficult to solve the contradiction between the degrees of freedom, weight, flexibility, and grasping ability. The existing manipulator has difficulty meeting the diversified requirements of a simple structure, a large grasping force, and the ability to automatically adapt to shape when grasping an object. To solve this problem, we designed a kind of underactuated manipulator with a simple structure and strong generality based on the metamorphic mechanism principle. First, the mechanism of the manipulator was designed on the basis of the metamorphic mechanism principle, and a kinematics analysis was carried out. Then, the genetic algorithm was used to optimize the size parameters of the manipulator finger structure. Finally, for different shapes of objects, the design of the control circuit binding force feedback control was carried out with a grasping experiment. The experimental results show that the manipulator has simple control and can grasp objects of different sizes, positions, and shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Sun
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (L.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Haiou Zhang
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (L.S.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-278-7543-493
| | - Hang Lin
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (L.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Wujiu Pan
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China;
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Nitrogen Removal from Mature Landfill Leachate via Anammox Based Processes: A Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14020995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Mature landfill leachate is a complex and highly polluted effluent with a large amount of ammonia nitrogen, toxic components and low biodegradability. Its COD/N and BOD5/COD ratios are low, which is not suitable for traditional nitrification and denitrification processes. Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) is an innovative biological denitrification process, relying on anammox bacteria to form stable biofilms or granules. It has been extensively used in nitrogen removal of mature landfill leachate due to its high efficiency, low cost and sludge yield. This paper reviewed recent advances of anammox based processes for mature landfill leachate treatment. The state of the art anammox process for mature landfill leachate is systematically described, mainly including partial nitrification–anammox, partial nitrification–anammox coupled denitrification. At the same time, the microbiological analysis of the process operation was given. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) has the merit of saving the carbon source and aeration energy, while its practical application is mainly limited by an unstable influent condition, operational control and seasonal temperature variation. To improve process efficiency, it is suggested to develop some novel denitrification processes coupled with anammox to reduce the inhibition of anammox bacteria by mature landfill leachate, and to find cheap new carbon sources (methane, waste fruits) to improve the biological denitrification efficiency of the anammox system.
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Li X, Tao RJ, Tian MJ, Yuan Y, Huang Y, Li BL. Recovery and dormancy of nitrogen removal characteristics in the pilot-scale denitrification-partial nitrification-Anammox process for landfill leachate treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 300:113711. [PMID: 34509812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The pilot-scale partial nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation (PN-Anammox) process for landfill leachate treatment has been running stably for 2 years. The degradation characteristics of nitrogen removal performance of PN-Anammox in this system were discussed during shutdown, and different recovery strategies were analyzed from the perspective of economy and easy implementation. The results showed that during the 166 d dormancy period, the decrease in Anammox bacteria activity occurred earlier than that of Anammox bacteria, and both tended to slow down after 128 d. The recovery strategy of simulated wastewater was the fastest, followed by the pretreated landfill leachate recovery strategy with inoculation of some corresponding functional sludges, while the worst strategy was the direct pretreated landfill leachate recovery strategy. The recovery start-up of the pilot-scale PN-Anammox process further showed that microbial activities were difficult to recover simultaneously during operation using raw wastewater directly due to the presence of high NH4+-N levels and the coupling process, which easily led to the accumulation of NH4+-N or NO2-N, thereby inhibiting microbial activity. The addition of some functional bacteria was more conducive to the rapid recovery of microbial activity. This study provides a new strategy for the rapid recovery of microbial activity for the engineering application of the PN-Anammox process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Ren-Jie Tao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Meng-Jia Tian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Yong Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Bo-Lin Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
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Zou X, Chen C, Wang C, Zhang Q, Yu Z, Wu H, Zhuo C, Zhang TC. Combining electrochemical nitrate reduction and anammox for treatment of nitrate-rich wastewater: A short review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 800:149645. [PMID: 34399327 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of nitrate-rich wastewater is important but challenging for the conventional biological denitrification process. Here, we propose combining the electrochemical reduction and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) processes together for treatment of nitrate-rich wastewater. This article reviews the mechanism and current research status of electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonium as well as the mechanism and applicability of the anammox process. This article discusses the principles, superiorities and challenges of this combined process. The feasibility of the combined process depends on the efficiency of electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonium and the conditions in the anammox process to use the reduced ammonium as the substrate to achieve deep nitrogen removal. The article provides a feasible strategy for using the electrochemical reduction and anammox combined process to treat nitrate-rich wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Chongjun Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China; Tianping College of Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215009, PR China.
| | - Changhong Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215009, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215011, PR China
| | - Qun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Zhuowei Yu
- Ecolord (Suzhou) Environment Protect Technology Co., Ltd, Suzhou 215011, PR China
| | - Haiping Wu
- Ecolord (Suzhou) Environment Protect Technology Co., Ltd, Suzhou 215011, PR China
| | - Chao Zhuo
- Ecolord (Suzhou) Environment Protect Technology Co., Ltd, Suzhou 215011, PR China
| | - Tian C Zhang
- Civil & Environmental Engineering Dept., University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Omaha, NE 68182-0178, USA
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12
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Li Y, Liu Y, Luo J, Li YY, Liu J. Emerging onsite electron donors for advanced nitrogen removal from anammox effluent of leachate treatment: A review and future applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125905. [PMID: 34523566 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Partial nitrification-anammox process is promising in leachate treatment, but the 11% residue nitrate limits the total nitrogen removal efficiency. Denitrification or partial denitrification and anammox are both practical polishing processes of anammox effluent, requiring extra electron donors. Fortunately, there are organic matter, sulfide and methane in leachate or produced by leachate treatment, which can serve as onsite electron donors. In this review, the mechanisms and processes using these three kinds of electron donors for residue nitrate reduction in anammox effluent of leachate are systematically summarized and discussed. It can be concluded that, biodegradable organic matter is an effective electron donor, sulfide is a promising electron donor, methane is a potential electron donor. Two possible applications in future based on anammox treatment of fresh and mature leachate using sulfide and methane as onsite electron donors are proposed. Through sulfide reutilization, energy-saving with about 14% of aeration reduction can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yanxu Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jinghuan Luo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jianyong Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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13
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Li X, Zou J, Zhang D, Xie L, Yuan Y. A new method for in-situ treatment of waste gas scrubbing liquid containing both NH 3 and H 2S based on sulfur autotrophic denitrification and partial nitrification-Anammox coupling system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 329:124925. [PMID: 33676352 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an integrated device with scrubbing and biochemical treatment functions was used, and partial nitrification (PN)-Anammox and sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SADN) processes were coupled in a biochemical treatment pond to explore the feasibility of in-situ autotrophic removal of NH3 and H2S. The results showed that the removal efficiency of NH3 and H2S in waste gas are 95% and 87.5% respectively. The scrubbing liquid was efficiently treated in the biochemical treatment pond. Nitrogenous compounds weren't accumulated in liquid and converted to N2 by SADN and PN-Anammox coupling system. S2- was mainly used by SADN process to reduce NO3-. The scrubbing liquid processed by the biochemical treatment pond was refluxed to the scrubber to achieve continuous absorption of NH3 and H2S. Microbial community and functional microbial analysis showed that the PN-Anammox and SADN processes were the main processes to achieve the conversion of pollutants in the scrubbing liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Jiayi Zou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Dongyuan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Linyan Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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14
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Li X, Lu MY, Huang Y, Yuan Y, Yuan Y. Influence of seasonal temperature change on autotrophic nitrogen removal for mature landfill leachate treatment with high-ammonia by partial nitrification-Anammox process. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 102:291-300. [PMID: 33637255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a denitrification (DN)-partial nitritation (PN)-anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) system for the efficient nitrogen removal of mature landfill leachate was built with a zone-partitioning self-reflux biological reactor as the core device, and the effects of changes in seasonal temperature on the nitrogen removal in non-temperature-control environment were explored. The results showed that as the seasonal temperature decreased from 34°C to 11.3°C, the total nitrogen removal rate of the DN-PN-Anammox system gradually decreased from the peak value of 1.42 kg/(m3•day) to 0.49 kg/(m3•day). At low temperatures (<20°C), when the nitrogen load (NLR) of the system is not appropriate, the fluctuation of high NH4+-N concentration in the landfill leachate greatly influenced the stability of the nitrogen removal. At temperatures of 11°C-15°C, the NLR of the system is controlled below 0.5 kg/(m3•day), which can achieve stable nitrogen removal and the nitrogen removal efficiency can reach above 96%. The abundance of Candidatus Brocadia gradually increased with the decrease of temperature. Nitrosomonas, Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Kuenenia as the main functional microorganisms in the low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Ming-Yu Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yong Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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15
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Zhou S, Song Z, Sun Z, Shi X, Zhang Z. The effects of undulating seasonal temperature on the performance and microbial community characteristics of simultaneous anammox and denitrification (SAD) process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 321:124493. [PMID: 33310385 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of undulating seasonal temperature change (USTC) (10.1 °C-31.8 °C) on the N and carbon removal efficiency of simultaneous anammox and denitrification (SAD) were investigated, and the recovery performance of SAD was simulated. Results showed that 15 °C was the critical temperature of SAD for N and carbon removal under USTC from summer to winter. The removal efficiency of NH4+-N was improved in the final stage after temperature rise, but still lower than that in summer after long-term low temperature inhibition. The contribution of anammox to N removal was more than denitrification. The abundance of anammox bacteria (AnAOB) in SAD reactor was 8.8%-11.7% from summer to autumn. Candidatus Kuenenia replaced Candidatus Brocadia as the main AnAOB gradually. Finally, AnAOB abundance increased from 4.2% to 6.6% after recovery, and the abundance of denitrifying bacteria (DB) became the highest, which mainly includes Thauera and Hydrogenophaga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Zhou
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Song
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhulong Sun
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xingdong Shi
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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16
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Huang X, Mi W, Ito H, Kawagoshi Y. Probing the dynamics of three freshwater Anammox genera at different salinity levels in a partial nitritation and Anammox sequencing batch reactor treating landfill leachate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124112. [PMID: 32942237 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Partial nitritation/Anammox was applied to treat NaCl-amended landfill leachate. The reactor established robust nitrogen removal of 85.7 ± 2.4% with incremental salinity from 0.61% to 3.10% and achieved 0.91-1.05 kg N/m3/d at salinity of 2.96%-3.10%. Microbial community analysis revealed Nitrosomonas, Nitrospira, and denitrifiers occupied 4.1%, <0.2% and 10.9%, respectively. Salinity variations impelled the dynamics of Anammox bacteria. Jettenia shifted to Brocadia and Kuenenia at salinity of 0.61%-0.81%. Kuenenia outcompeted Brocadia and occupied 51.5% and 50.9% at salinity of 1.48%-1.54% and 2.96%-3.10%, respectively. High nitrite affinity and fast growth rate were proposed as key factors fostering Brocadia overgrew Jettenia. Functionalities of sodium-motive-force facilitated energy generation and intracellular osmotic pressure equilibrium regulation crucially determined Kuenenia's dominance at elevated salinity. Co-occurrence network further manifested beneficial symbiotic relationships boosted Kuenenia's preponderance. Knowledge gleaned deepen understanding on survival niches of freshwater Anammox genera at saline environments and lead to immediate benefits to its applications treating relevant wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowu Huang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Center for Water Cycle, Marine Environment, and Disaster Management, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
| | - Wenkui Mi
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Hiroaki Ito
- Center for Water Cycle, Marine Environment, and Disaster Management, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yasunori Kawagoshi
- Center for Water Cycle, Marine Environment, and Disaster Management, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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17
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Huang X, Mi W, Ito H, Kawagoshi Y. Unclassified Anammox bacterium responds to robust nitrogen removal in a sequencing batch reactor fed with landfill leachate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 316:123959. [PMID: 32795870 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of landfill leachate was conducted in a lab-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The SBR was started through inoculating activated sludge with controlling dissolved oxygen of 0.5-1.0 mg/L. Anammox reaction took place within around three months. The SBR established robust nitrogen removal with incremental NLRs of 0.25-2.17 kg N/m3/d. At the final phase, it achieved elevated nitrogen removals of 1.68-1.91 kg N/m3/d. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing analysis revealed Nitrosomonas, unclassified Anammox bacterium, and diverse denitrifying populations coexisted and accounted for 4.02%, 20.05% and 34.69%, respectively. Phylogenic analysis and average nucleotide identity comparison jointly suggested the unclassified Anammox bacterium potentially pertained to a novel Anammox lineage. The functional profiles' prediction suggested sulfate reduction, arsenate reduction and eliminations of antibiotics and drugs likely occurred in the SBR. The finding from this study suggests contribution of unclassified Anammox bacteria in influencing nitrogen budget in natural and engineering systems is currently being underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowu Huang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China; Center for Water Cycle, Marine Environment, and Disaster Management, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
| | - Wenkui Mi
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Hiroaki Ito
- Center for Water Cycle, Marine Environment, and Disaster Management, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yasunori Kawagoshi
- Center for Water Cycle, Marine Environment, and Disaster Management, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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18
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Zuo F, Sui Q, Zheng R, Ren J, Wei Y. In situ startup of a full-scale combined partial nitritation and anammox process treating swine digestate by regulation of nitrite and dissolved oxygen. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 315:123837. [PMID: 32702579 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A challenge during the startup of the combined partial nitritation and anammox process is how to balance dissolved oxygen control and nitrite accumulation for converting partial nitritation into anammox, maintaining stable partial nitritation and promoting growth of anammox bacteria. An innovative regulation strategy of nitrite dosing and dissolved oxygen control in this study was developed to achieve the rapid startup of a full-scale combined partial nitritation and anammox reactor within 77 days and the total nitrogen removal rate of reactor was 0.097 kg N/kgMLSS·d-1, and the activity and gene copy concentration of anammox bacteria reached 0.307 kg N/kgMLVSS·d-1 and 7.79 × 109 copies/gMLVSS, respectively. Microbial community analysis revealed that Candidatus_Kuenenia and Nitrosomonas were the dominant nitrogen transformation bacteria with an abundance of 2.49% and 14.86%, respectively. This study offers a new method for rapid startup and spreading application of the full-scale anammox process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumin Zuo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qianwen Sui
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Anping Hongjia Environmental Protection Technology Co. LTD, China
| | - Jiehui Ren
- Anping Hongjia Environmental Protection Technology Co. LTD, China
| | - Yuansong Wei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Institute of Energy, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China.
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19
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Podder A, Reinhart D, Goel R. Nitrogen management in landfill leachate using single-stage anammox process-illustrating key nitrogen pathways under an ecogenomics framework. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 312:123578. [PMID: 32506042 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous functional gene expressions using mRNA, rate measurements, and biochemical analysis proved the consistent contribution of ammonia oxidizers, heterotrophic denitrifiers, and anammox bacteria in a single-stage attached growth partial nitritation/anammox system for nitrogen management in landfill leachate. Average removal efficiencies of ammonia-nitrogen, total inorganic nitrogen, and COD were 94%, 88%, and 26%, respectively, in the reactor. Off-gas N2O fluxes increased at relatively higher dissolved oxygen. Batch activity tests revealed the occurrence of significant anammox activity even in the presence of high concentrations of organic carbon in the influent. mRNA based functional expressions of nitrite reductase (nirK and nirS) and hydrazine synthase (hzsA) suggested simultaneous active heterotrophic denitrification and anammox, respectively. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed Proteobacteria (36-56%), Planctomycetes (10-31%), and Bacteroidetes (6-39%) as dominant phyla in the reactor. Candidatus brocadia was observed as the most abundant genus representing anammox community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Podder
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Debra Reinhart
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Ramesh Goel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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20
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Mainardis M, Buttazzoni M, Goi D. Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Technology for Energy Recovery: A Review on State-of-the-Art and Recent Technological Advances. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E43. [PMID: 32397582 PMCID: PMC7355771 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor belongs to high-rate systems, able to perform anaerobic reaction at reduced hydraulic retention time, if compared to traditional digesters. In this review, the most recent advances in UASB reactor applications are critically summarized and discussed, with outline on the most critical aspects for further possible future developments. Beside traditional anaerobic treatment of soluble and biodegradable substrates, research is actually focusing on the treatment of refractory and slowly degradable matrices, thanks to an improved understanding of microbial community composition and reactor hydrodynamics, together with utilization of powerful modeling tools. Innovative approaches include the use of UASB reactor for nitrogen removal, as well as for hydrogen and volatile fatty acid production. Co-digestion of complementary substrates available in the same territory is being extensively studied to increase biogas yield and provide smooth continuous operations in a circular economy perspective. Particular importance is being given to decentralized treatment, able to provide electricity and heat to local users with possible integration with other renewable energies. Proper pre-treatment application increases biogas yield, while a successive post-treatment is needed to meet required effluent standards, also from a toxicological perspective. An increased full-scale application of UASB technology is desirable to achieve circular economy and sustainability scopes, with efficient biogas exploitation, fulfilling renewable energy targets and green-house gases emission reduction, in particular in tropical countries, where limited reactor heating is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matia Mainardis
- Department Polytechnic of Engineering and Architecture (DPIA), University of Udine, Via del Cotonificio 108, 33100 Udine, Italy; (M.B.); (D.G.)
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