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Trovagunta R, Marquez R, Tolosa L, Barrios N, Zambrano F, Suarez A, Pal L, Gonzalez R, Hubbe MA. Lignin self-assembly phenomena and valorization strategies for pulping, biorefining, and materials development: Part 1. The physical chemistry of lignin self-assembly. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 332:103247. [PMID: 39126917 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Physical chemistry aspects are emphasized in this comprehensive review of self-assembly phenomena involving lignin in various forms. Attention to this topic is justified by the very high availability, low cost, and renewable nature of lignin, together with opportunities to manufacture diverse products, for instance, polymers/resins, bioplastics, carbon fibers, bio-asphalt, sunscreen components, hydrophobic layers, and microcapsules. The colloidal lignin material, nanoparticles, and microstructures that can be formed as a result of changes in solvent properties, pH, or other adjustments to a suspending medium have been shown to depend on many factors. Such factors are examined in this work based on the concepts of self-assembly, which can be defined as an organizing principle dependent on specific attributes of the starting entities themselves. As a means to promote such concepts and to facilitate further development of nano-scale lignin products, this article draws upon evidence from a wide range of studies. These include investigations of many different plant sources of lignin, processes of delignification, solvent systems, anti-solvent systems or other means of achieving phase separation, and diverse means of achieving colloidal stability (if desired) of resulting self-assembled lignin structures. Knowledge of the self-organization behavior of lignin can provide significant structural information to optimize the use of lignin in value-added applications. Examples include chemical conditions and preparation procedures in which lignin-related compounds of particles organize themselves as spheres, hollow spheres, surface-bound layers, and a variety of other structures. Published articles show that such processes can be influenced by the selection of lignin type, pulping or extraction processes, functional groups such as phenolic, carboxyl, and sulfonate, chemical derivatization reactions, solvent applications, aqueous conditions, and physical processes, such as agitation. Precipitation from non-aqueous solutions represents a key focus of lignin self-assembly research. The review also considers stabilization mechanisms of self-assembled lignin-related structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronald Marquez
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Laura Tolosa
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Nelson Barrios
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | | | - Antonio Suarez
- WestRock Company, 2742 Charles City Rd, Richmond, VA 23231, USA
| | - Lokendra Pal
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Ronalds Gonzalez
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Martin A Hubbe
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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Ruan L, Wu H, Wu S, Zhou L, Wu S, Shang C. Optimizing the Conditions of Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sugarcane Bagasse for Bioethanol Production. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:29566-29575. [PMID: 39005808 PMCID: PMC11238294 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The agricultural waste sugarcane bagasse (SCB) is a kind of plentiful biomass resource. In this study, different pretreatment methods (NaOH, H2SO4, and sodium percarbonate/glycerol) were utilized and compared. Among the three pretreatment methods, NaOH pretreatment was the most optimal method. Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to optimize NaOH pretreatment conditions. After optimization by RSM, the solid yield and lignin removal were 54.60 and 82.30% under the treatment of 1% NaOH, a time of 60 min, and a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:15, respectively. Then, the enzymolysis conditions of cellulase for NaOH-treated SCB were optimized by RSM. Under the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions (an enzyme dose of 18 FPU/g, a time of 64 h, and a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:30), the actual yield of reducing sugar in the enzyme-treated hydrolysate was 443.52 mg/g SCB with a cellulose conversion rate of 85.33%. A bacterium, namely, Bacillus sp. EtOH, which produced ethanol and Baijiu aroma substances, was isolated from the high-temperature Daqu of Danquan Baijiu in our previous study. At last, when the strain EtOH was cultured for 36 h in a fermentation medium (reducing sugar from cellulase-treated SCB hydrolysate, yeast extract, and peptone), ethanol concentration reached 2.769 g/L (0.353%, v/v). The sugar-to-ethanol and SCB-to-ethanol yields were 13.85 and 11.81% in this study, respectively. In brief, after NaOH pretreatment, 1 g of original SCB produced 0.5460 g of NaOH-treated SCB. Then, after the enzymatic hydrolysis, reducing sugar yield (443.52 mg/g SCB) was obtained. Our study provided a suitable method for bioethanol production from SCB, which achieved efficient resource utilization of agricultural waste SCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingru Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Ecology
of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi
Normal University), Ministry of Education & Guangxi Key Laboratory
of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in
Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Haifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology
of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi
Normal University), Ministry of Education & Guangxi Key Laboratory
of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in
Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Shiya Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology
of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi
Normal University), Ministry of Education & Guangxi Key Laboratory
of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in
Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Lifei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Ecology
of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi
Normal University), Ministry of Education & Guangxi Key Laboratory
of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in
Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Shangxin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology
of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi
Normal University), Ministry of Education & Guangxi Key Laboratory
of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in
Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Changhua Shang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology
of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi
Normal University), Ministry of Education & Guangxi Key Laboratory
of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in
Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, China
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Ruwoldt J, Chinga-Carrasco G, Tanase-Opedal M. Sustainable Materials from Organosolv Fibers and Lignin, Kraft Fibers, and Their Blends. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:377. [PMID: 38337266 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate new materials from organosolv fibers, organosolv lignin, kraft fibers, and their blends. The organosolv fibers showed reprecipitated lignin on the surface, a comparably low fiber length of 0.565 mm on average, and a high fines content of 82.3%. Handsheets were formed and thermopressed at 175 °C and 50 MPa, yielding dense materials (1050-1100 kg/m3) with properties different to that of regular paper products. The thermopressing of organosolv fibers alone produced materials with similar or better tensile strength (σb = 18.6 MPa) and stiffness (E* = 2.8 GPa) to the softwood Kraft reference pulp (σb = 14.8 MPa, E* = 1.8 GPa). The surface morphology was also smoother with fewer cavities. As a result, the thermopressed organosolv fibers exhibited higher hydrophobicity (contact angle > 95°) and had the lowest overall water uptake. Combinations of Kraft fibers with organosolv fibers or organosolv lignin showed reduced wetting and a higher density than the Kraft fibers alone. Furthermore, the addition of organosolv lignin to Kraft fibers greatly improved tensile stiffness and strength (σb = 23.8 MPa, E* = 10.5 GPa), likely due to the lignin acting as a binder to the fiber network. In conclusion, new thermopressed materials were developed and tested, which show promising potential for sustainable fiber materials with improved water resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jost Ruwoldt
- RISE PFI AS, Høgskoleringen 6B, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Elsaddik M, Nzihou A, Delmas GH, Delmas M. Renewable and high-purity hydrogen from lignocellulosic biomass in a biorefinery approach. Sci Rep 2024; 14:150. [PMID: 38167463 PMCID: PMC10762170 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50611-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Unprecedented efforts are being deployed to develop hydrogen production from bioresources in a circular economy approach, yet their implementation remains scarce. Today's Challenges are associated with the shortage in the value chain, lack of large-scale production infrastructure, high costs, and low efficiency of current solutions. Herein, we report a hydrogen production route from cellulose pulp, integrating biomass fractionation and gasification in a biorefinery approach. Softwood sawdust undergoes formic acid organosolv treatment to extract cellulose, followed by steam gasification. High-purity hydrogen-rich syngas at a concentration of 56.3 vol% and a yield of 40 gH2/kgcellulose was produced. Char gasification offers the advantage of producing free-tar syngas reducing cleaning costs and mitigating downstream issues. A comprehensive assessment of mass and energy balance along the hydrogen value chain revealed an efficiency of 26.5% for hydrogen production, with an energy requirement of 111.1 kWh/kgH2. Optimizing solvent recovery and valorization of other constituents as added-value products in a biorefinery approach would further improve the process and entice its industrial takeoff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majd Elsaddik
- IMT Mines Albi, RAPSODEE CNRS UMR 5302, Université de Toulouse, Campus Jarlard, 81013, Albi Cedex 09, France
| | - Ange Nzihou
- IMT Mines Albi, RAPSODEE CNRS UMR 5302, Université de Toulouse, Campus Jarlard, 81013, Albi Cedex 09, France.
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
- Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
| | - Guo-Hua Delmas
- BioEB, 6 Allée des Amazones, 31320, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Michel Delmas
- BioEB, 6 Allée des Amazones, 31320, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
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Pazzaglia A, Gelosia M, Giannoni T, Fabbrizi G, Nicolini A, Castellani B. Wood waste valorization: Ethanol based organosolv as a promising recycling process. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 170:75-81. [PMID: 37552928 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Wood waste is a valuable material that could constitute an abundant and inexpensive source for the production of new materials the recovery of energy. In Europe, about 46% of wood waste is recycled to particleboard and fiberboard, while the other fraction is incinerated. However, a considerable quantity of wood waste shows potential for its transformation into value-added products due to its compositional quality. In this work, wood waste collected at a mechanical treatment plant underwent organosolv treatment to produce a cellulose pulp suitable for manufacturing containerboard. Three variables (temperature, acid concentration, and ethanol concentration) were investigated to find an optimal solution to produce wood pulp by means of Design of Experiment. Wood waste was microwave-heated at 160 °C for 15 min using an acidified ethanol-water solution (2% w/w H2SO4 and 0.8 w/w ethanol concentration), producing pulp with an average cellulose content of 76% where 93% of initial cellulose was retained. Thanks to a one-pot approach, ethanol was totally recovered, 62% of initial lignin was precipitated, and 20 g/l of hemicellulose-derived sugars solution was obtained. Finally, three wood waste samples collected in different periods of the year yielded comparable outcomes, suggesting a good reproducibility of the organosolv process. ANOVA test with a significance level of 0.01 showed a p-value of 0.029 and 0.235 for cellulose content and cellulose recovery, respectively. This study paves the way for an industrial symbiosis between recycling centers and paper mills located in the same territory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aron Pazzaglia
- CIRIAF, Interuniversity Research Centre on Pollution and Environment "M.Felli", University of Perugia, Via G.Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy
| | - Mattia Gelosia
- CIRIAF, Interuniversity Research Centre on Pollution and Environment "M.Felli", University of Perugia, Via G.Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giannoni
- CIRIAF, Interuniversity Research Centre on Pollution and Environment "M.Felli", University of Perugia, Via G.Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Fabbrizi
- CIRIAF, Interuniversity Research Centre on Pollution and Environment "M.Felli", University of Perugia, Via G.Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Nicolini
- CIRIAF, Interuniversity Research Centre on Pollution and Environment "M.Felli", University of Perugia, Via G.Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy; Department of Engineering, University of Perugia, Via G.Duranti 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy
| | - Beatrice Castellani
- CIRIAF, Interuniversity Research Centre on Pollution and Environment "M.Felli", University of Perugia, Via G.Duranti 67, 06125 Perugia, Italy; Department of Engineering, University of Perugia, Via G.Duranti 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy.
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Nair LG, Agrawal K, Verma P. Organosolv pretreatment: an in-depth purview of mechanics of the system. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2023; 10:50. [PMID: 38647988 PMCID: PMC10991910 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The concept of biorefinery has been advancing globally and organosolv pretreatment strategy has seen an upsurge in research due to its efficiency in removing the recalcitrant lignin and dissolution of cellulose. The high-performance organosolv system uses green solvents and its reusability contributes concurrently to the biorefinery sector and sustainability. The major advantage of the current system involves the continuous removal of lignin to enhance cellulose accessibility, thereby easing the later biorefinery steps, which were immensely restricted due to the recalcitrant lignin. The current system process can be further explored and enhanced via the amalgamation of new technologies, which is still a work in progress. Thus, the current review summarizes organosolv pretreatment and the range of solvents used, along with a detailed mechanistic approach that results in efficient pretreatment of LCB. The latest developments for designing high-performance pretreatment systems, their pitfalls, and advanced assessments such as Life Cycle Assessment along with Techno-Economic Assessment have also been deliberated to allow an insight into its diverse potential applicability towards a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshana G Nair
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Komal Agrawal
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
- Department of Microbiology, School of Bio Engineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Pradeep Verma
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
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Fernández-Bautista M, Martínez-Gómez S, Rivas S, Alonso JL, Parajó JC. Advances on Cellulose Manufacture in Biphasic Reaction Media. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12404. [PMID: 37569779 PMCID: PMC10418468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose is produced industrially by the kraft and sulfite processes. The evolution of these technologies in biorefineries is driven by the need to obtain greater added value through the efficient use of raw materials and energy. In this field, organosolv technologies (and within them, those using liquid phases made up of water and one partly miscible organic solvent, known as "biphasic fractionation" in reference to the number of liquid phases) represent an alternative that is receiving increasing interest. This study considers basic aspects of the composition of lignocellulosic materials, describes the fundamentals of industrial cellulose pulp production processes, introduces the organosolv methods, and comprehensively reviews published results on organosolv fractionation based on the use of media containing water and an immiscible solvent (1-butanol, 1-pentanol or 2-methyltetrahydrofuran). Special attention is devoted to aspects related to cellulose recovery and fractionation selectivity, measured through the amount and composition of the treated solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Fernández-Bautista
- Faculty of Science, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (S.M.-G.); (S.R.); (J.L.A.)
- CINBIO, University of Vigo (Campus Lagoas-Marcosende), 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Sergio Martínez-Gómez
- Faculty of Science, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (S.M.-G.); (S.R.); (J.L.A.)
- CINBIO, University of Vigo (Campus Lagoas-Marcosende), 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Sandra Rivas
- Faculty of Science, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (S.M.-G.); (S.R.); (J.L.A.)
- CINBIO, University of Vigo (Campus Lagoas-Marcosende), 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - José Luis Alonso
- Faculty of Science, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (S.M.-G.); (S.R.); (J.L.A.)
- CINBIO, University of Vigo (Campus Lagoas-Marcosende), 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Parajó
- Faculty of Science, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Polytechnical Building, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (S.M.-G.); (S.R.); (J.L.A.)
- CINBIO, University of Vigo (Campus Lagoas-Marcosende), 36310 Vigo, Spain
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Awasthi MK, Sar T, Gowd SC, Rajendran K, Kumar V, Sarsaiya S, Li Y, Sindhu R, Binod P, Zhang Z, Pandey A, Taherzadeh MJ. A comprehensive review on thermochemical, and biochemical conversion methods of lignocellulosic biomass into valuable end product. FUEL 2023; 342:127790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2023.127790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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Zhang Y, Yang Y, Zhang S, Liu Q, Dang W, Song Y. Lipid accumulation and SNF1 transcriptional analysis of Mucor circinelloides on xylose under nitrogen limitation. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2023; 116:383-391. [PMID: 36656419 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-023-01810-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose non-fermenting 1 (SNF1) plays a crucial role in utilizing non-glucose carbon sources and regulating lipid metabolism. However, the mechanism by which SNF1 regulates lipid accumulation in oleaginous filamentous fungi in response to nutrient signals remains unclear. In the present study, by analysing the growth and lipid accumulation of M. circinelloides on xylose under nitrogen limitation, combined with the transcriptional changes of each subunit of SNF1, the regulation of SNF1 between nutrient signal and lipid accumulation was explored. The results showed that with the increase of carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio, the xylose consumption and cell growth of M. circinelloides decreased, and the lipid accumulation increased gradually. The optimal C/N ratio was 160:1, and the maximum lipid yield was 4.1 g/L. Two subunits of SNF1, Snf-α1 and Snf-β, are related to the regulation of lipid metabolism in response to nutrient signals from different external nitrogen sources. This is the first report on the transcriptional analysis of SNF1 subunits on xylose metabolism under nitrogen limitation. This study provides a basis for further understanding of lipid synthesis mechanism on xylose in oleaginous fungi, and it also lays a foundation for the genetic engineering of high-lipid strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- Food Bioengineering and Technology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Culture and Tourism, University of Jinan, 13 Shungeng Road, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China.
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, 255000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yueping Yang
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Silu Zhang
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenrui Dang
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanda Song
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, 266 Xincun West Road, Zibo, 255000, People's Republic of China
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Enzymatic Hydrolysis Strategies for Cellulosic Sugars Production to Obtain Bioethanol from Eucalyptus globulus Bark. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9030241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Cellulosic sugars production for the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass residues in an industrial site has economic benefits and is promising if integrated into a biorefinery. Enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) of pretreated Eucalyptus globulus bark, an industrial residue of low-economic value widely available in Portuguese pulp and paper mills, could be an excellent approach to attain resource circularity and pulp mill profitability. This work evaluated the potential for improving cellulosic sugars concentrations by operating with high solids loading and introducing the additives Triton X-100, PEG 4000 and Tween 80 using a commercial enzymatic consortium with a dosage of 25 FPU gcarbohydrates−1. Additives did not improve enzymatic hydrolysis performance, but the effect of increasing solids loading to 14% (w/v) in batch operation was accomplished. The fed-batch operation strategy was investigated and, when starting with 11% (w/v) solids loading, allowed the feeding of 3% (w/v) fresh feedstock sequentially at 2, 4 and 6 h, attaining 20% (w/v) total solids loading. After 24 h of operation, the concentration of cellulosic sugars reached 161 g L−1, corresponding to an EH conversion efficiency of 76%. Finally, the fermentability of the fed-batch hydrolysate using the Ethanol Red® strain was evaluated in a 5 L bioreactor scale. The present results demonstrate that Eucalyptus globulus bark, previously pretreated by kraft pulping, is a promising feedstock for cellulosic sugars production, allowing it to become the raw material for feeding a wide range of bioprocesses.
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Lignocellulosic Biorefinery Technologies: A Perception into Recent Advances in Biomass Fractionation, Biorefineries, Economic Hurdles and Market Outlook. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9030238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomasses (LCB) are sustainable and abundantly available feedstocks for the production of biofuel and biochemicals via suitable bioconversion processing. The main aim of this review is to focus on strategies needed for the progression of viable lignocellulosic biomass-based biorefineries (integrated approaches) to generate biofuels and biochemicals. Processing biomass in a sustainable manner is a major challenge that demands the accomplishment of basic requirements relating to cost effectiveness and environmental sustainability. The challenges associated with biomass availability and the bioconversion process have been explained in detail in this review. Limitations associated with biomass structural composition can obstruct the feasibility of biofuel production, especially in mono-process approaches. In such cases, biorefinery approaches and integrated systems certainly lead to improved biofuel conversion. This review paper provides a summary of mono and integrated approaches, their limitations and advantages in LCB bioconversion to biofuel and biochemicals.
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Wan S, Tan J, Jiang H, Chu Q, Wu S, Jin Y. Lignin detaching from the oxidative delignified softwood during enzymatic hydrolysis and its effect on carbohydrate saccharification. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:664-672. [PMID: 36521709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Most studies about the influence of lignin on enzymatic digestibility of lignocellulose have focused on the content and properties, but less on the detaching behavior of lignin. The samples were prepared from Pinus massoniana wood chips by kraft cooking followed by delignification using oxygen/alkali (KP-O) and chlorine dioxide (KP-D), respectively. Two oxidative delignified samples with a similar lignin content were subject to enzymatic hydrolysis at both pH of 5.0 and 5.5 to investigate the effects of lignin detached rate (LDR) on substrate enzymatic digestibility (SED). The LDRs and the SEDs from both samples increased with the enzymatic hydrolysis time, and the situations of KP-D were much higher than those of KP-O under the same enzymatic hydrolysis time. The results of enzymatic hydrolysis at an elevated pH of 5.5 and the changes in concentration of free cellulase of the two samples indicated that the lignin detaching increased the free cellulase concentration, and thus promoted the enzymatic digestibility. Moreover, lignin distribution analysis by X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy indicated surface lignin being preferentially detached. This work provided a reference for rationally designing pretreatment strategies, which can improve the efficiency of enzyme hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanqi Wan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jingjing Tan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Huicong Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qiulu Chu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shufang Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
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13
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Song X, Zhu Z, Chi X, Tang S, Han G, Cheng W. Efficient downstream valorization of lignocellulose after organosolv fractionation: Synergistic enhancement of waterborne coatings by co-assembled lignin@cellulose nanocrystals. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:1325-1335. [PMID: 36470442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The simultaneous downstream valorization of cellulose and lignin is an important aspect of efficiently extracting value from lignocellulose. The present work, we demonstrated the preparation of a novel bio-based filler by the co-assembly of cellulose and lignin obtained from a one-pot ethanosolv lignocellulose fractionation process. The cellulose was valorized by forming cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) through simple bleaching and ultrasonication processes. The lignin fractions demonstrated greater solubility (19.2 mg/mL) and lower molecular weight (6980 g/mol) than conventional industrial lignins. Various lignin@CNCs specimens were prepared via a facile co-assembly of the lignin and CNCs. These entirely bio-based materials could be used as a multifunctional filler to enhance the properties of a waterborne coating (WBC). Specifically, the mechanical properties, coating performance and ultraviolet resistance of a WBC were all significantly improved, demonstrating a synergistic enhancement effect obtained from the CNCs and lignin. In this manner, both cellulose and lignin components were efficiently transformed to value-added fillers for WBC, demonstrating a highly efficient pathway for lignocellulose utilization and downstream value-added applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Song
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Xiang Chi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Sai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Guangping Han
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Wanli Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, PR China.
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14
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Rabelo SC, Nakasu PYS, Scopel E, Araújo MF, Cardoso LH, Costa ACD. Organosolv pretreatment for biorefineries: Current status, perspectives, and challenges. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128331. [PMID: 36403910 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biorefineries integrate processes for the sustainable conversion of biomass into chemicals, materials, and bioenergy so that resources are optimized and effluents are minimized. Despite the vast potential of lignocellulosic biorefineries, their success depends heavily on effective, economically viable, and sustainable biomass fractionation. Although efficient, organosolv pretreatment still faces challenges that must be overcome for its widespread utilization, mainly related to solvent type and recycling, robustness regarding biomass type and integration of hemicellulose recovery and use. This review shows the recent advances and state-of-the-art of organosolv pretreatment, discussing the advances, such as the use of biobased solvents, whilst also shedding light on the perspectives of using the streams - cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin - to produce biofuels and products of high added value. In addition, it presents an overview of the existing industrial implementations of organosolv processes and, lastly, shows the main scientific and industrial challenges and opportunities for this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Cândida Rabelo
- School of Agriculture, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Eupídio Scopel
- Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Henrique Cardoso
- School of Agriculture, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Carvalho da Costa
- Chemical Engineering School in State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Gao Y, Guo M, Wang D, Zhao D, Wang M. Advances in extraction, purification, structural characteristics and biological activities of hemicelluloses: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:467-483. [PMID: 36379281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Hemicelluloses, a major component of plant cell walls, are a non-cellulosic heteropolysaccharide composed of several distinct sugars that is second in abundance to cellulose, which are one of the most abundant and cheapest renewable resources on earth. Hemicelluloses structure is complex and its chemical structure varies greatly among the different plant species. In addition to its wide use in production of feed and other chemical materials, hemicelluloses are known for its remarkable biological activities that remain largely underutilised to date. Therefore, comprehensive investigations of hemicelluloses structural and biological properties would be helpful for achieving rational utilisation and high-value conversion of this underutilised substance into agents with enhanced health benefits for incorporation in drugs and health foods. In this review, details of diverse research initiatives that have enhanced our understanding of hemicelluloses properties are summarised, including hemicelluloses sources, extraction and purification methods, structural characteristics and biological activities. Furthermore, hemicelluloses structure-activity relationships and new directions for future hemicelluloses research studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Gao
- Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China; College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Mingkun Guo
- Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China; College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
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16
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Ebrahimian F, Denayer JFM, Mohammadi A, Khoshnevisan B, Karimi K. A critical review on pretreatment and detoxification techniques required for biofuel production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 368:128316. [PMID: 36375700 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is a widely-available promising feedstock for biofuel production. However, the presence of different inhibitors originating from fruit and food/beverage wastes as well as recalcitrant lignocellulosic fractions hampers its bioconversion. This necessitates a pretreatment to augment the biodigestibility and fermentability of OFMSW. Hence, this review aims to provide the in-vogue inhibitory compound removal and pretreatment techniques that have been employed for efficient OFMSW conversion into biofuels, i.e., hydrogen, biogas, ethanol, and butanol. The techniques are compared concerning their mode of action, chemical and energy consumption, inhibitor formation and removal, economic feasibility, and environmental sustainability. This critique also reviews the existing knowledge gap and future perspectives for efficient OFMSW valorization. The insights provided pave the way toward developing energy-resilient cities while addressing environmental crises related to generating OFMSW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farinaz Ebrahimian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, 65188 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Joeri F M Denayer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, 65188 Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Benyamin Khoshnevisan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology, and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Keikhosro Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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17
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Feng Z, Xu D, Shao Z, Zhu P, Qiu J, Zhu L. Rice straw cellulose microfiber reinforcing PVA composite film of ultraviolet blocking through pre-cross-linking. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 296:119886. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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18
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Spectral, structural, and thermodynamic properties of acetic acid–water solutions at different temperatures: A complete guideline for understanding bonding and structure of binary solutions. Struct Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-022-02074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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19
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Ling R, Wei W, Jin Y. Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse with acid catalyzed ethylene glycol-water to improve the cellulose enzymatic conversion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 361:127723. [PMID: 35914671 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, HCl catalyzed ethylene glycol-water pretreatment (HCl/EG-H2O) of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) was explored with response surface methodology (RSM) and single factor analysis, which aim to investigate the influence of pretreatment variable on pretreated solid cellulose enzymatic conversion. The result showed that HCl/EG-H2O pretreatment could selectively extract ∼89.9 % xylan and ∼61.2 % lignin in SCB, meanwhile maintain a relatively high cellulose retention (∼86.8 %). Pretreatment of SCB at 120 °C for 60 min with 1.00 % HCl and 90 % EG obtained the pretreated solid having maximum cellulose enzymatic conversion of 88.7 % under 10 FPU/g enzyme dosage, this enhancement of cellulose enzymatic conversion mainly attributed to structure change of SCB in pretreatment. The adding of enzymatic additives into the hydrolysis process could not only improve hydrolysis efficiency but also lower the enzyme dosage. Besides, the linear relationship between substrate characteristic parameters (such cellulose content, lignin removal rate etc.) and cellulose conversion were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxin Ling
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Weiqi Wei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China.
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20
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Parchami M, Agnihotri S, Taherzadeh MJ. Aqueous ethanol organosolv process for the valorization of Brewer's spent grain (BSG). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 362:127764. [PMID: 35985459 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Brewers spent grain (BSG), the main solid byproduct of brewing, is annually generated by ca 37 million tons worldwide, which due to limited application, mostly ends up in landfills. This study aims to separate BSG's fractions (lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose) by ethanol organosolv pretreatment. Lignin-rich fractions were recovered using a two-step separation technique. The effects of temperature, retention time, and ethanol concentration on the quantity and quality of fractions were studied. The temperature considerably impacted the quality and quantity of obtained fractions, while other parameter effects greatly depended on the temperature. Substantial hemicellulose removal (90 %) along with lignin removal (56 %) and recovery (57 %) were obtained at 180 °C. The highest lignin purity (95 %) was obtained at the pretreatment conditions of 180 °C, 120 min, and 50 % ethanol concentration. This work provides an alternative route for BSG utilization, mitigating its environmental impact while enhancing the economy of a brewery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Parchami
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190 Borås, Sweden.
| | - Swarnima Agnihotri
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190 Borås, Sweden
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21
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Cellulosic Ethanol Production Using Waste Wheat Stillage after Microwave-Assisted Hydrotropic Pretreatment. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27186097. [PMID: 36144825 PMCID: PMC9506164 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
One of the key elements influencing the efficiency of cellulosic ethanol production is the effective pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of microwave-assisted pretreatment of wheat stillage in the presence of sodium cumene sulphonate (NaCS) hydrotrope used for the production of second-generation bioethanol. As a result of microwave pretreatment, the composition of the wheat stillage biomass changed significantly when compared with the raw material used, before treatment. Microwave-assisted pretreatment with NaCS effectively reduced the lignin content and hemicellulose, making cellulose the dominant component of biomass, which accounted for 42.91 ± 0.10%. In post pretreatment, changes in biomass composition were also visible on FTIR spectra. The peaks of functional groups and bonds characteristic of lignins (C-O vibration in the syringyl ring, asymmetric bending in CH3, and aromatic skeleton C-C stretching) decreased. The pretreatment of the analyzed lignocellulosic raw material with NaCS resulted in the complete conversion of glucose to ethanol after 48 h of the process, with yield (in relation to the theoretical one) of above 91%. The highest observed concentration of ethanol, 23.57 ± 0.10 g/L, indicated the high effectiveness of the method used for the pretreatment of wheat stillage that did not require additional nutrient supplementation.
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22
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Yang M, Wei T, Wang K, Jiang L, Zeng D, Sun X, Liu W, Shen Y. Both levoglucosan kinase activity and transport capacity limit the utilization of levoglucosan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:94. [PMID: 36104808 PMCID: PMC9476349 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02195-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Manufacturing fuels and chemicals from cellulose materials is a promising strategy to achieve carbon neutralization goals. In addition to the commonly used enzymatic hydrolysis by cellulase, rapid pyrolysis is another way to degrade cellulose. The sugar obtained by fast pyrolysis is not glucose, but rather its isomer, levoglucosan (LG). Here, we revealed that both levoglucosan kinase activity and the transportation of levoglucosan are bottlenecks for LG utilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a widely used cell factory. We revealed that among six heterologous proteins that had levoglucosan kinase activity, the 1,6-anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid kinase from Rhodotorula toruloides was the best choice to construct levoglucosan-utilizing S. cerevisiae strain. Furthermore, we revealed that the amino acid residue Q341 and W455, which were located in the middle of the transport channel closer to the exit, are the sterically hindered barrier to levoglucosan transportation in Gal2p, a hexose transporter. The engineered yeast strain expressing the genes encoding the 1,6-anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid kinase from R. toruloides and transporter mutant Gal2pQ341A or Gal2pW455A consumed ~ 4.2 g L−1 LG in 48 h, which is the fastest LG-utilizing S. cerevisiae strain to date.
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23
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Ebrahimian F, Denayer JFM, Karimi K. Potato peel waste biorefinery for the sustainable production of biofuels, bioplastics, and biosorbents. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127609. [PMID: 35840021 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Potato is the fourth most abundant crop harvested annually worldwide. Potato peel waste (PPW) is the main waste stream of potato-processing industries which is generated in large quantities and is a threat to the environment globally. However, owing to its compositional characteristics, availability, and zero cost, PPW is a renewable resource for the production of high-value bioproducts. Hence, this study provides a state-of-the-art overview of advancements in PPW valorization through biological and thermochemical conversions. PPW has a high potential for biofuel and biochemical generation through detoxification, pretreatment, hydrolysis, and fermentation. Moreover, many other valuable chemicals, including bio-oil, biochar, and biosorbents, can be produced via thermochemical conversions. However, several challenges are associated with the biological and thermochemical processing of PPW. The insights provided in this review pave the way toward a PPW-based biorefinery development, providing sustainable alternatives to fossil-based products and mitigating environmental concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farinaz Ebrahimian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Joeri F M Denayer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Keikhosro Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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24
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Kumar Awasthi M, Yan B, Sar T, Gómez-García R, Ren L, Sharma P, Binod P, Sindhu R, Kumar V, Kumar D, Mohamed BA, Zhang Z, Taherzadeh MJ. Organic waste recycling for carbon smart circular bioeconomy and sustainable development: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127620. [PMID: 35840028 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of sustainable and low carbon impact processes for a suitable management of waste and by-products coming from different factors of the industrial value chain like agricultural, forestry and food processing industries. Implementing this will helps to avoid the negative environmental impact and global warming. The application of the circular bioeconomy (CB) and the circular economic models have been shown to be a great opportunity for facing the waste and by-products issues by bringing sustainable processing systems which allow to the value chains be more responsible and resilient. In addition, biorefinery approach coupled to CB context could offer different solution and insights to conquer the current challenges related to decrease the fossil fuel dependency as well as increase efficiency of resource recovery and processing cost of the industrial residues. It is worth to remark the important role that the biotechnological processes such as fermentative, digestive and enzymatic conversions play for an effective waste management and carbon neutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
| | - Binghua Yan
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Taner Sar
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås 50190, Sweden
| | - Ricardo Gómez-García
- Universidade Cat́olica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laborat́orio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Liheng Ren
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Pooja Sharma
- Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create way 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technology Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam 691 505, Kerala, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, United Kingdom
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 402Walters Hall, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Badr A Mohamed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
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25
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Oliva A, Tan LC, Papirio S, Esposito G, Lens PNL. Fed-batch anaerobic digestion of raw and pretreated hazelnut skin over long-term operation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 357:127372. [PMID: 35623606 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study provided important insights on the anaerobic digestion (AD) of hazelnut skin (HS) by operating a fed-batch AD reactor over 240 days and focusing on several factors impacting the process in the long term. An efficient reactor configuration was proposed to increase the substrate load while reducing the solid retention time during the fed-batch AD of HS. Raw HS produced maximally 19.29 mL CH4/g VSadd/d. Polyphenols accumulated in the reactor and the use of NaOH to adjust the pH likely inhibited AD. Maceration and methanol-organosolv pretreatments were, thus, used to remove polyphenols from HS (i.e. 82 and 97%, respectively) and improve HS biodegradation. Additionally, organosolv pretreatment removed 9% of the lignin. The organosolv-pretreated HS showed an increment in methane potential of 21%, while macerated HS produced less methane than the raw substrate, probably due to the loss of non-structural sugars during maceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Oliva
- Department of Microbiology and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland.
| | - L C Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - S Papirio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - G Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - P N L Lens
- Department of Microbiology and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
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26
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Zhou M, Tian X. Development of different pretreatments and related technologies for efficient biomass conversion of lignocellulose. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 202:256-268. [PMID: 35032493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Lignocellulose, a kind of biological resource widely existing in nature, which can be transformed into value-added biochemical products through saccharification, fermentation or chemical catalysis. Pretreatments are the necessary step to increase the accessibility and digestibility of lignocellulose. This paper comprehensively reviewed different pretreatment progress of lignocellulose in recent year, including mechanical/thermal, biological, inorganic solvent, organic solvent and unconventional physical-chemical pretreatments, focusing on quantifying the influence of pretreatments on subsequent biomass conversion. In addition, related pretreatment techniques such as genetic engineering, reactor configurations, downstream process and visualization technology of pretreatment were discussed. Finally, this review presented the challenge of lignocellulose pretreatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingjun Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Morales‐Huerta JC, Hernández‐Meléndez O, Garcés‐Sandoval FI, Montiel C, Hernández‐Luna MG, Manero O, Bárzana E, Vivaldo‐Lima E. Modeling of Pretreatment and Combined Alkaline and Enzymatic Hydrolyses of Blue Agave Bagasse in Corotating Twin‐screw Extruders. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.202100059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Morales‐Huerta
- Facultad de Química Departamento de Ingeniería Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
| | - Oscar Hernández‐Meléndez
- Facultad de Química Departamento de Ingeniería Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
| | - Fernando Iván Garcés‐Sandoval
- Facultad de Química Departamento de Ingeniería Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
| | - Carmina Montiel
- Facultad de Química Departamento de Ingeniería Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
- Facultad de Química Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
| | | | - Octavio Manero
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
| | - Eduardo Bárzana
- Facultad de Química Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
| | - Eduardo Vivaldo‐Lima
- Facultad de Química Departamento de Ingeniería Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CU México City 04510 México
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28
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Soltaninejad A, Jazini M, Karimi K. Sustainable bioconversion of potato peel wastes into ethanol and biogas using organosolv pretreatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:133003. [PMID: 34808197 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Potato processing industries generate considerable amounts of residues, i.e., potato peel wastes (PPW). Valorization of PPW for bioethanol and biogas production via a biorefining process was investigated in this study. Organosolv pretreatment was performed on the PPW using 50-75% (v/v) ethanol solution at 120-180 °C with/without the presence of 1% (w/w) H2SO4 (as a catalyst). After the pretreatment, the solvent, i.e., ethanol, was recovered by distillation. Catalyzed organosolv pretreatment using 50% (v/v) ethanol at 120 °C followed by enzymatic hydrolysis resulted in a high hydrolysate yield of 539.8 g glucose/kg dry PPW that was successfully fermented to 224.2 g ethanol/kg dry PPW. To recover more energy, the liquid fraction of the pretreatment remained after solvent recovery and the unhydrolyzed solids that remained from the enzymatic hydrolysis were anaerobically digested. From each kg of dry PPW, the anaerobic digestion produced 57.9 L biomethane. Thus, the biorefinery comprising ethanolic organosolv pretreatment, solvent recovery, enzymatic hydrolysis, ethanolic fermentation, and anaerobic digestion of residues was produced 8112 kJ energy per kg of dry PPW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Soltaninejad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mohammadhadi Jazini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Keikhosro Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
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29
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Karnaouri A, Chorozian K, Zouraris D, Karantonis A, Topakas E, Rova U, Christakopoulos P. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases as powerful tools in enzymatically assisted preparation of nano-scaled cellulose from lignocellulose: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126491. [PMID: 34871721 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose, either in the form of fibers or crystals, constitutes a renewable, biobased, biocompatible material with advantageous mechanical properties that can be isolated from lignocellulosic biomass. Enzyme-assisted isolation of nanocellulose is an attractive, environmentally friendly approach that leads to products of higher quality compared to their chemically prepared counterparts. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are enzymes that oxidatively cleave the β-1,4-glycosidic bond of polysaccharides upon activation of O2 or H2O2 and presence of an electron donor. Their use for treatment of cellulose fibers towards the preparation of nano-scaled cellulose is related to the ability of LPMOs to create nicking points on the fiber surface, thus facilitating fiber disruption and separation. The aim of this review is to describe the mode of action of LPMOs on cellulose fibers towards the isolation of nanostructures, thus highlighting their great potential for the production of nanocellulose as a novel value added product from lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthi Karnaouri
- Industrial Biotechnology & Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece; Biochemical Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Koar Chorozian
- Industrial Biotechnology & Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Zouraris
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Applied Electrochemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis Karantonis
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Applied Electrochemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Topakas
- Industrial Biotechnology & Biocatalysis Group, Biotechnology Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Ulrika Rova
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Paul Christakopoulos
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
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30
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Sidiras D, Politi D, Giakoumakis G, Salapa I. Simulation and optimization of organosolv based lignocellulosic biomass refinery: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126158. [PMID: 34673192 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organosolv pretreatment can be considered as the core of the lignocellulosic biomass fractionation within the biorefinery concept. Organosolv facilitates the separation of the major fractions (cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin), and their use as renewable feedstocks to produce bioenergy, biofuels, and added-value biomass derived chemicals. The efficient separation of these fractions affects the economic feasibility of the biorefinery complex. This review focuses on the simulation of the organosolv pretreatment and the optimization of (i) feedstock delignification, (ii) sugars production (mainly from hemicelluloses), (iii) enzymatic digestibility of the cellulose fraction and (iv) quality of lignin. Simulation is used for the technoeconomic optimization of the biorefinery complex. Simulation and optimization implement a holistic approach considering the efficient technological, economic, and environmental performance of the biorefinery operational units. Consequently, an optimized organosolv stage is the first step for a sustainable, economically viable biorefinery complex in the concept of industrial ecology and zero waste circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Sidiras
- Laboratory of Simulation of Industrial Processes, Department of Industrial Management and Technology, University of Piraeus, 80 Karaoli & Dimitriou, GR 18534, Piraeus, Greece.
| | - Dorothea Politi
- Laboratory of Simulation of Industrial Processes, Department of Industrial Management and Technology, University of Piraeus, 80 Karaoli & Dimitriou, GR 18534, Piraeus, Greece
| | - Georgios Giakoumakis
- Laboratory of Simulation of Industrial Processes, Department of Industrial Management and Technology, University of Piraeus, 80 Karaoli & Dimitriou, GR 18534, Piraeus, Greece
| | - Ioanna Salapa
- Laboratory of Simulation of Industrial Processes, Department of Industrial Management and Technology, University of Piraeus, 80 Karaoli & Dimitriou, GR 18534, Piraeus, Greece
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31
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Du J, Liang J, Zhang X, Wang J, Li W, Song P, Feng X. Identifying the negative cooperation between major inhibitors of cellulase activity and minimizing their inhibitory potential during hydrolysis of acid-pretreated corn stover. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126113. [PMID: 34648965 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soluble compounds produced during the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocelluloses hampers cellulose conversion. Cellobiose and vanillin most severely inhibited the effect of cellobiohydrolase I. A concentration-dependent negative cooperative effect was found between cellobiose and vanillin. The combined inhibitory effect was about 83.5% of the cellobiose and 88.1% of the vanillin when their concentration was 20 mg/ml. However, the negative synergy could be eliminated by excessive enzyme loading. Differences in their binding sites on the catalytic domain of cellobiohydrolase I lead to negative synergistic inhibition, which should be considered in devising strategies to alleviate this effect. Combined β-glucosidase and PEG addition at an appropriate dose was feasible to balance cost and hydrolytic efficiency. To achieve efficient hydrolysis, especially at high solid concentrations, it is important to understand the synergistic inhibition between these inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Du
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China.
| | - Jingrui Liang
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China
| | - Xiujun Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Jinan University, Jinan 250024, China
| | - Jinglong Wang
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China
| | - Peixue Song
- College of City and Architectural Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China
| | - Xiaohui Feng
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China
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32
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Sun C, Ren H, Sun F, Hu Y, Liu Q, Song G, Abdulkhani A, Loke Show P. Glycerol organosolv pretreatment can unlock lignocellulosic biomass for production of fermentable sugars: Present situation and challenges. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126264. [PMID: 34737053 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The complex structure of lignocellulosic biomass forms the recalcitrance to prevent the embedded holo-cellulosic sugars from undergoing the biodegradation. Therefore, a pretreatment is often required for an efficient enzymatic lignocellulosic hydrolysis. Recently, glycerol organosolv (GO) pretreatment is revealed potent in selective deconstruction of various lignocellulosic biomass and effective improvement of enzymatic hydrolysis. Evidently, the GO pretreatment is capable to modify the structure of dissolved components by glycerolysis, i.e., by trans-glycosylation onto glyceryl glycosides and by hydroxylation grafting onto glyceryl lignin. Such modifications tend to protect these main components against excessive degradation, which can be mainly responsible for the obviously less fermentation inhibitors arising in the GO pretreatment. This pretreatment can provide opportunities for valorization of emerging lignocellulosic biorefinery with production of value-added biochemicals. Recent advances in GO pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass followed by enzymatic hydrolysis are reviewed, and perspectives are made for addressing remaining challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongyan Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fubao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Yun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qiangqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guojie Song
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ali Abdulkhani
- Dept. of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia
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33
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Sarkar O, Rova U, Christakopoulos P, Matsakas L. Organosolv pretreated birch sawdust for the production of green hydrogen and renewable chemicals in an integrated biorefinery approach. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126164. [PMID: 34699962 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable production of fuels and chemicals is the most important way to reduce the carbon footprint in the environment. Forest based abundant lignocellulosic biomass as a renewable feedstock can be an attractive source of biofuels and biochemicals. This study evaluated the production of hydrogen (H2) along with platform chemicals from an organosol pretreated birch sawdust (SD). Acidogenic fermentation (AF) of pretreated SD resulted in production of green H2 (121.4 mL/gVS) along with short (17.8 g/L) and medium (2.64 g/L) chain carboxylic acids. Further integration of AF with anaerobic digestion (AD) in a biorefinery framework offered production of biomethane (bioCH4: 246 mL/gVS) from the leftover SD from AF. Integration of bioH2 with bioCH4 at different time interval of digestion showed 8-14 L biohythane formation ran with a H2 fraction of 1.6-0.3 H2/(H2 + CH4) documenting energy content of 8-9.08 kJ/gVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omprakash Sarkar
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971‑87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Rova
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971‑87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Paul Christakopoulos
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971‑87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Leonidas Matsakas
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971‑87 Luleå, Sweden.
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34
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Enhanced Saccharification of Purple Alfalfa via Sequential Pretreatment with Acidified Ethylene Glycol and Urea/NaOH. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purple Alfalfa is an inexpensive, abundant, readily available lignocellulosic material. This work was attempted to develop an efficient combination pretreatment by sequential HClO4–ethyl glycol–H2O (1.2:88.8:10, w/w/w) extraction at 130 °C in 0.5 h and urea/NaOH (urea 12 wt%, NaOH 7 wt%) soaking at −20 °C for 0.5 h for the pretreatment of purple alfalfa. The porosity, morphology, and crystallinity of pretreated purple alfalfa were characterized with SEM, FM, XRD, and FTIR. This combination pretreatment had a significant influence on hemicellulose removal and delignification. The above changes could enhance cellulose accessibility to enzymes and improve the enzymatic digestibility of cellulose. High yields of reducing sugars from pretreated purple alfalfa were obtained at 93.4%. In summary, this combination pretreatment has high potential application in the future.
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35
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Portela-Grandío A, Peleteiro S, Yáñez R, Romaní A. Integral valorization of Acacia dealbata wood in organic medium catalyzed by an acidic ionic liquid. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:126013. [PMID: 34587581 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel delignification process was proposed for the fractionation of invasive species such as Acacia dealbata wood. Organosolv process catalyzed with an acidic ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrosulfate was evaluated to obtain cellulose-enriched solids and liquid fractions rich in hemicelluloses derived compounds and lignin. Under selected operating conditions (190 °C, 60% ethanol, 60 min of reaction time and 0.6 g 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrosulfate/g wood), high solubilization of lignin and hemicelluloses and cellulose recovery (87.5%, 88.7% and 88.3%, respectively), with a pulp yield of 43.1% were achieved. Moreover, 62.6 % of lignin was recovered by precipitation from the black liquor (composed mainly by 4.43 g xylose/L, 7.66 g furfural/L and 3.59 g acetic acid/L). In addition, enzymatic digestibility of delignified wood was also assayed. Overall, this work presents an alternative biorefinery scheme based in the use of environmentally friendly solvent and catalyst for selective fractionation of A. dealbata wood.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Portela-Grandío
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - S Peleteiro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - R Yáñez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - A Romaní
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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36
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Del Río PG, Gullón B, Romaní A, Garrote G. Fast-growing Paulownia wood fractionation by microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment: A kinetic assessment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 338:125535. [PMID: 34293622 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microwave hydrothermal treatment (MHT), a novel advanced technology, was proposed for the fractionation of Paulownia wood (PW) at temperatures ranging 200-230 °C and residence times of 0-50 min, corresponding to severities of 2.93-4.70. This procedure allowed 80% of xylan recovery as xylooligosaccharides and an average of 95% cellulose recovery in the pretreated PW biomass, showing the selectivity of the treatment, that was also compared to conduction-convection heating autohydrolysis. Finally, a kinetic model was proposed for the prediction of PW fractionation using MHT, with the ultimate goal of being applied to a wide range of feedstocks and minimizing the number of parameters used. For that, two strategies were approached, allowing the reduction of 80 to 34 parameters, without significant influence in the kinetic fitting. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first kinetic modelization of MHT of PW, taking into account all the lignocellulosic fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo G Del Río
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gullón
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Aloia Romaní
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Gil Garrote
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Enxeñaría Química, Facultade de Ciencias, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
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37
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Pongchaiphol S, Preechakun T, Raita M, Champreda V, Laosiripojana N. Characterization of Cellulose-Chitosan-Based Materials from Different Lignocellulosic Residues Prepared by the Ethanosolv Process and Bleaching Treatment with Hydrogen Peroxide. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:22791-22802. [PMID: 34514250 PMCID: PMC8427791 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose-based composites are promising biomaterials with potent applications in absorbents, cosmetics, and healthcare industries. In this study, the cellulose fractions from various agricultural residues, including bagasse (BG), rice straw (RS), corncob (CC), and palm fiber (PF), were prepared by the organosolv process using 70% v/v ethanol, followed by bleaching and forming with chitosan powder. Organosolv treatment at 180 °C of BG, RS, and PF and at 190 °C of CC for 60 min using H2SO4 as the catalyst was optimal for high cellulose recovery (87.9-98.9%) with efficient removals of the hemicellulose (59.3-86.0%) and lignin (61.1-73.7%). High cellulose purity in the solids (76.9-86.8%) was obtained after bleaching with 4% v/v H2O2 compared with that of 84.9% for commercial cellulose. The isolated celluloses were incubated with 2% w/v chitosan solution in acetic acid for the formation of the hydrogen-bonding interaction between the cellulose fiber and chitosan. The pieces of evidence of the obtained sheet materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. All cellulose-chitosan materials absorbed water fraction in the range of 54.3-94.2 g/m2. Efficient oil absorption was observed for cellulose-chitosan sheets prepared from PF (96.3 g/m2) and CC (81.1 g/m2). This work demonstrated the preparation of potent biobased absorbents with a promising application in waste treatment and healthcare industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchat Pongchaiphol
- The
Joint Graduate School for Energy and Environment (JGSEE), King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Prachauthit Road, Bangmod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- BIOTEC-JGSEE
Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, Innovation Cluster 2 Building, Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin
Road, Khlong Luang 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Thanchanok Preechakun
- Biorefinery
Technology and Bioproducts Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin
Road, Khlong Luang 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
- BIOTEC-JGSEE
Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, Innovation Cluster 2 Building, Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin
Road, Khlong Luang 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Marisa Raita
- The
Joint Graduate School for Energy and Environment (JGSEE), King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Prachauthit Road, Bangmod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- BIOTEC-JGSEE
Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, Innovation Cluster 2 Building, Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin
Road, Khlong Luang 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Verawat Champreda
- Biorefinery
Technology and Bioproducts Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin
Road, Khlong Luang 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
- BIOTEC-JGSEE
Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, Innovation Cluster 2 Building, Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin
Road, Khlong Luang 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Navadol Laosiripojana
- The
Joint Graduate School for Energy and Environment (JGSEE), King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Prachauthit Road, Bangmod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- BIOTEC-JGSEE
Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, Innovation Cluster 2 Building, Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin
Road, Khlong Luang 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand
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38
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Characteristics of sugarcane bagasse fibers after xylan extraction and their high-solid hydrolysis cellulase-catalyzed. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Morales-Huerta JC, Hernández-Meléndez O, Hernández-Luna MG, Manero O, Bárzana E, Vivaldo-Lima E. An Experimental and Modeling Study on the Pretreatment and Alkaline Hydrolysis of Blue Agave Bagasse in Twin-Screw Extruders. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c02175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Morales-Huerta
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CU 04510, México City, México
| | - Oscar Hernández-Meléndez
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CU 04510, México City, México
| | - Martín Guillermo Hernández-Luna
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CU 04510, México City, México
| | - Octavio Manero
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CU 04510, México City, México
| | - Eduardo Bárzana
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CU 04510, México City, México
| | - Eduardo Vivaldo-Lima
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CU 04510, México City, México
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40
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Awasthi MK, Ferreira JA, Sirohi R, Sarsaiya S, Khoshnevisan B, Baladi S, Sindhu R, Binod P, Pandey A, Juneja A, Kumar D, Zhang Z, Taherzadeh MJ. A critical review on the development stage of biorefinery systems towards the management of apple processing-derived waste. RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS 2021; 143:110972. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.110972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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41
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Cellulosic Bioethanol from Industrial Eucalyptus globulus Bark Residues Using Kraft Pulping as a Pretreatment. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14082185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The pulp and paper industry faces an emerging challenge for valorising wastes and side-streams generated according to the biorefinery concept. Eucalyptus globulus bark, an abundant industrial residue in the Portuguese pulp and paper sector, has a high potential to be converted into biobased products instead of being burned. This work aimed to evaluate the ethanol production from E. globulus bark previously submitted to kraft pulping through separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) configuration. Fed-batch enzymatic hydrolysis provided a concentrated hydrolysate with 161.6 g·L−1 of cellulosic sugars. S. cerevisiae and Ethanol Red® strains demonstrated a very good fermentation performance, despite a negligible xylose consumption. S. passalidarum, a yeast known for its capability to consume pentoses, was studied in a simultaneous co-culture with Ethanol Red®. However, bioethanol production was not improved. The best fermentation performance was achieved by Ethanol Red®, which provided a maximum ethanol concentration near 50 g·L−1 and fermentation efficiency of 80%. Concluding, kraft pulp from E. globulus bark showed a high potential to be converted into cellulosic bioethanol, being susceptible to implementing an integrated biorefinery on the pulp and paper industrial plants.
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Zhu Y, Qi B, Liang X, Luo J, Wan Y. Comparison of Corn Stover Pretreatments with Lewis Acid Catalyzed Choline Chloride, Glycerol and Choline Chloride-Glycerol Deep Eutectic Solvent. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13071170. [PMID: 33917314 PMCID: PMC8038657 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, corn stover (CS) was pretreated by less corrosive lewis acid FeCl3 acidified solutions of neat and aqueous deep eutectic solvent (DES), aqueous ChCl and glycerol at 120 °C for 4 h with single FeCl3 pretreatment as control. It was unexpected that acidified solutions of both ChCl and glycerol were found to be more efficient at removing lignin and xylan, leading to higher enzymatic digestibility of pretreated CS than acidified DES. Comparatively, acidified ChCl solution exhibited better pretreatment performance than acidified glycerol solution. In addition, 20 wt% water in DES dramatically reduced the capability of DES for delignification and xylan removal and subsequent enzymatic cellulose saccharification of pretreated CS. Correlation analysis showed that enzymatic saccharification of pretreated CS was highly correlated to delignification and cellulose crystallinity, but lowly correlated to xylan removal. Recyclability experiments of different acidified pretreatment solutions showed progressive decrease in the pretreatment performance with increasing recycling runs. After four cycles, the smallest decrease in enzymatic cellulose conversion (22.07%) was observed from acidified neat DES pretreatment, while the largest decrease (43.80%) was from acidified ChCl pretreatment. Those findings would provide useful information for biomass processing with ChCl, glycerol and ChCl-glycerol DES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Benkun Qi
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
- Correspondence: (B.Q.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinquan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (J.L.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence: (B.Q.); (X.L.)
| | - Jianquan Luo
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yinhua Wan
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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43
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Wojtusik M, Vergara P, Villar JC, Ladero M, García-Ochoa F. Enzymatic hydrolysis of several pretreated lignocellulosic biomasses: Fractal kinetic modelling. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 318:124050. [PMID: 32889118 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis of three pre-treated lignocellulosic biomasses -LCB- (wheat straw-WS-, corn stover-CSV- and cardoon stems -CS-) is studied. These biomasses were pre-treated by two methods: diluted sulfuric acid and acid ethanol-water extraction at six severity levels (H values). Pretreated solid fractions were hydrolyzed with commercial enzyme cocktails at standard conditions. A first-order kinetic fractal model was fitted to the experimental results. This model accurately describes the hydrolysis of all biomasses at all pre-treatment conditions studied. The results show that the formal first-order kinetic constant k depends on the biomass nature. The hydrolysis rate increases as the pre-treatment severity does, while the fractal exponent value h decreases. With these pre-treatments, and in terms of k and h, WS is highly reactive and, at medium H with EW pretreatment, highly accessible; CSV has a low reactivity and high accessibility and CS has the lowest reactivity and an increasing accessibility as severity rises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Wojtusik
- Chemical Engineering & Materials Department. Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Priscilla Vergara
- Chemical Engineering & Materials Department. Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Laboratory of Cellulose & Paper. Forest Research Center - INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C Villar
- Laboratory of Cellulose & Paper. Forest Research Center - INIA, Ctra. de La Coruña km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ladero
- Chemical Engineering & Materials Department. Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Félix García-Ochoa
- Chemical Engineering & Materials Department. Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Lipid Accumulation by Xylose Metabolism Engineered Mucor circinelloides Strains on Corn Straw Hydrolysate. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 193:856-868. [PMID: 33200265 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we presented a novel approach for increasing the consumption of xylose and the lipid yield by overexpressing the genes coding for xylose isomerase (XI) and xylulokinase (XK) in Mucor circinelloides. In the present study, an in-depth analysis of lipid accumulation by xylose metabolism engineered M. circinelloides strains (namely Mc-XI and Mc-XK) using corn straw hydrolysate was to be explored. The results showed that the fatty acid contents of the engineered M. circinelloides strains were, respectively, increased by 19.8% (in Mc-XI) and 22.3% (in Mc-XK) when compared with the control strain, even though a slightly decreased biomass in these engineered strains was detected. Moreover, the xylose uptake rates of engineered strains in the corn straw hydrolysate were improved significantly by 71.5% (in Mc-XI) and 68.8% (in Mc-XK), respectively, when compared with the control strain. Maybe the increased utilization of xylose led to an increase in lipid synthesis. When the recombinant M. circinelloides strains were cultured in corn straw hydrolysate medium with the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) of 50 and initial pH of 6.0, at 30 °C and 500 rpm for 144 h, a total biomass of 12.6-12.9 g/L with a lipid content of 17.2-17.7% (corresponding to a lipid yield of 2.17-2.28 g/L) was achieved. Our study provides a foundation for the further application of the engineered M. circinelloides strains to produce lipid from lignocelluloses.
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Duan Y, Pandey A, Zhang Z, Awasthi MK, Bhatia SK, Taherzadeh MJ. Organic solid waste biorefinery: Sustainable strategy for emerging circular bioeconomy in China. INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS 2020; 153:112568. [DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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46
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New Intensification Strategies for the Direct Conversion of Real Biomass into Platform and Fine Chemicals: What Are the Main Improvable Key Aspects? Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10090961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the solvothermal conversion of biomass has reached a good level of development, and now it is necessary to improve the process intensification, in order to boost its further growth on the industrial scale. Otherwise, most of these processes would be limited to the pilot scale or, even worse, to exclusive academic investigations, intended as isolated applications for the development of new catalysts. For this purpose, it is necessary to improve the work-up technologies, combining, where possible, reaction/purification unit operations, and enhancing the feedstock/liquid ratio, thus improving the final concentration of the target product and reducing the work-up costs. Furthermore, it becomes decisive to reconsider more critically the choice of biomass, solvent(s), and catalysts, pursuing the biomass fractionation in its components and promoting one-pot cascade conversion routes. Screening and process optimization activities on a laboratory scale must be fast and functional to the flexibility of these processes, exploiting efficient reaction systems such as microwaves and/or ultrasounds, and using multivariate analysis for an integrated evaluation of the data. These upstream choices, which are mainly of the chemist’s responsibility, are fundamental and deeply interconnected with downstream engineering, economic, and legislative aspects, which are decisive for the real development of the process. In this Editorial, all these key issues will be discussed, in particular those aimed at the intensification of solvothermal processes, taking into account some real case studies, already developed on the industrial scale.
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Recovery of High Purity Lignin and Digestible Cellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Using Low Acid-Catalyzed Organosolv Pretreatment. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10050674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The lignocellulosic residue from the palm oil industry, oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB), represents a challenge to both producing industries and environment due to its disposal difficulties. Alternatively, OPEFB can be used for the production of valuable products if pretreatment methods, which overcome OPEFB recalcitrance and allow tailored valorization of all its carbohydrates and lignin, are developed. Specifically, high-value applications for lignin, to increase its contribution to the feasibility of lignocellulosic biorefineries, demand high-purity fractions. In this study, acid-catalyzed organosolv using ethanol as a solvent was used for the recovery of high-purity lignin and digestible cellulose. Factors including catalyst type and its concentration, temperature, retention time, and solid-to-liquid (S/L) ratio were found to influence lignin purity and recovery. At the best conditions (0.07% H2SO4, 210 °C, 90 min, and S/L ratio of 1:10), a lignin purity and recovery of 70.6 ± 4.9% and 64.94 ± 1.09%, respectively, were obtained in addition to the glucan-rich fraction. The glucan-rich fraction showed 94.06 ± 4.71% digestibility within 18 h at an enzyme loading of 30 filter paper units (FPU) /g glucan. Therefore, ethanol organosolv can be used for fractionating OPEFB into three high-quality fractions (glucan, lignin, and hemicellulosic compounds) for further tailored biorefining using low acid concentrations. Especially, the use of ethanol opens the possibility for integration of 1st and 2nd generation ethanol benefiting from the separation of high-purity lignin.
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Improvement of Anaerobic Digestion of Hydrolysed Corncob Waste by Organosolv Pretreatment for Biogas Production. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10082785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes an organosolv pretreatment of corncob waste to improve its anaerobic digestion for biogas production. Through a thermochemical process based on the use of ethanol and acetic acid, it was possible to separate the fractions of lignin, considered to be a natural inhibitor of anaerobic digestion processes. In addition, with this organosolv pretreatment, the available sugars in the carbohydrates present as monosaccharides, or simple sugars, were depolymerised, facilitating the digestion process. The obtained results include the chemical characterisation of the corncob, the hydrolysate, and the mixture with cow manure, finding that these substrates have potential to be used in anaerobic digestion. The total reducing sugars consumed were 96.8%, and total sugars were 85.75%. It was clearly observed that with the use of pretreatment with organosolv, the production of biogas was superior, because 484 NmL/gVS was obtained compared to the other reported treatments. It was also observed that adding the hydrolysate organosolv increased the production because the values of the control without hydrolysate were 120 NmL/gVS in the bottle experiment. When the experiment was scaled to the 5L reactor, the total volumes of biogas that were accumulated in 15 days of production were 5050 NmL/gVS and 1212 NmL/gVS with and without hydrolysate, respectively. This indicates that the organosolv pretreatment of corncob waste is effective in improving biogas production.
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Biorefining Oat Husks into High-Quality Lignin and Enzymatically Digestible Cellulose with Acid-Catalyzed Ethanol Organosolv Pretreatment. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8040435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oat husks are low-value lignocellulosic residues of oat processing that carry an environmental impact. Their polymers (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) can be converted into a wide variety of value-added products; however, efficient pretreatment methods are needed that allow their fine separation for further tailored valorization. This study pioneered the use of milling-free and low acid-catalyzed ethanol organosolv for the delignification of oat husks, allowing their conversion into three high-quality streams, namely, glucan-rich, lignin-rich, and hemicellulosic compound-rich streams. Temperature, retention time, and solid-to-liquid ratio were found to impact the delignification of oat husks when using a one-factor-at-a-time strategy. The ideal conditions that were found (210 °C, 90 min, and solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:2) culminated into glucan and lignin fractions containing 74.5% ± 11.4% glucan and 74.9% ± 7.6% lignin, respectively. These high-purity lignin fractions open the possibility for higher value applications by lignin, potentially impacting the feasibility of second generation biorefineries. The glucan fraction showed 90% digestibility after 48 h of hydrolysis with 10 filter paper units of enzyme cocktail per gram of glucan. Considering the absence of size reduction and high solid loading, together with the quality of the obtained streams, organosolv pretreatment could be a potential strategy for the valorization of oat lignocellulosic residues.
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50
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Abstract
Bio-desulfurization is an efficient technology for removing recalcitrant sulfur derivatives from liquid fuel oil in environmentally friendly experimental conditions. In this context, the development of heterogeneous bio-nanocatalysts is of great relevance to improve the performance of the process. Here we report that lignin nanoparticles functionalized with concanavalin A are a renewable and efficient platform for the layer-by-layer immobilization of horseradish peroxidase. The novel bio-nanocatalysts were applied for the oxidation of dibenzothiophene as a well-recognized model of the recalcitrant sulfur derivative. The reactions were performed with hydrogen peroxide as a green primary oxidant in the biphasic system PBS/n-hexane at 45 °C and room pressure, the highest conversion of the substrate occurring in the presence of cationic polyelectrolyte layer and hydroxy-benzotriazole as a low molecular weight redox mediator. The catalytic activity was retained for more transformations highlighting the beneficial effect of the support in the reusability of the heterogeneous system.
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