1
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Cao M, Su J, Zhang L, Ali A, Wang Z, Wang Y, Bai Y. Loofah sponge crosslinked polyethyleneimine loaded with biochar biofilm reactor for ecological remediation of oligotrophic water: Mechanism, performance, and functional characterization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130567. [PMID: 38467263 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The removal of complex pollutants from oligotrophic water is an important challenge for researchers. In this study, the HCl-modified loofah sponge crosslinked polyethyleneimine loaded with biochar (LS/PEI@biochar) biofilm reactor was adapted to achieve efficient removal of complex pollutants in oligotrophic water. On the 35 d, the average removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), calcium (Ca2+), and phosphate (PO43--P) in water was 51, 95, 81, and 77 %, respectively. Additionally, it effectively used a low molecular weight carbon source. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the LS/PEI@biochar biocarrier had superior biofilm suspension performance. Meanwhile, analysis of the biocrystals confirmed Ca2+ and PO43- removal through the generation of CaCO3 (calcite and vaterite) and Ca5(PO4)3OH. This study demonstrated that the system has great efficiency and application prospect in treating oligotrophic water on the laboratory scale, and will be further validated for practical application on large-scale oligotrophic water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Lingfei Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yihan Bai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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2
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He X, Fan X, Cao M, Zhang Y, Shi S, He L, Zhou J. Iron-electrolysis assisted anammox/denitrification system for intensified nitrate removal and phosphorus recovery in low-strength wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121312. [PMID: 38367383 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Two iron-electrolysis assisted anammox/denitrification (EAD) systems, including the suspended sludge reactor (ESR) and biofilm reactor (EMR) were constructed for mainstream wastewater treatment, achieving 84.51±4.38 % and 87.23±3.31 % of TN removal efficiencies, respectively. Sludge extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) analysis, cell apoptosis detection and microbial analysis demonstrated that the strengthened cell lysate/apoptosis and EPS production acted as supplemental carbon sources to provide new ecological niches for heterotrophic bacteria. Therefore, NO3--N accumulated intrinsically during anammox reaction was reduced. The rising cell lysis and apoptosis in the ESR induced the decline of anammox and enzyme activities. In contrast, this inhibition was scavenged in EMR because of the more favorable environment and the significant increase in EPS. Moreover, ESR and EMR achieved efficient phosphorus removal (96.98±5.24 % and 96.98±4.35 %) due to the continued release of Fe2+ by the in-situ corrosion of iron anodes. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that vivianite was the dominant P recovery product in EAD systems. The anaerobic microenvironment and the abundant EPS in the biofilm system showed essential benefits in the mineralization of vivianite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Meng Cao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Shuohui Shi
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Lei He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
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3
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Wang Y, Bai Y, Su J, Wang Z, Li Y, Gao Z, Cao M, Ren M. Kinetic analysis and mechanism of nitrate, calcium, and cadmium removal using the newly isolated Pseudomonas sp. LYF26. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141156. [PMID: 38211799 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The co-existence of heavy metals and nitrate (NO3--N) pollutants in wastewater has been a persistent global concern for a long time. A strain LYF26, which can remove NO3--N, calcium (Ca(II)), and cadmium (Cd(II)) simultaneously, was isolated to explore the properties and mechanisms of synergistic contaminants removal. Different conditions (Cd(II) and Ca(II) concentrations and pH) were optimized by Zero-, Half-, and First-order kinetic analyses to explore the environmental parameters for the optimal effect of strain LYF26. Results of the kinetic analyses revealed that the optimal culture conditions for strain LYF26 were pH of 6.5, Cd(II) and Ca(II) concentrations of 3.00 and 180.00 mg L-1, accompanied by Ca(II), Cd(II), and NO3--N efficiencies of 53.10%, 90.03%, and 91.45%, respectively. The removal mechanisms of Cd(II) using strain LYF26 as a nucleation template were identified as biomineralization, lattice substitution, and co-precipitation. The differences and changes of dissolved organic matter during metabolism were analyzed and the results demonstrated that besides the involvement of extracellular polymeric substances in the precipitation of Cd(II) and Ca(II), the high content of humic acid-like species revealed a remarkable contribution to the denitrification process. This study is hopeful to contribute a theory for further developing microbially induced calcium precipitation used to treat complex polluted wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yihan Bai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Zhao Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Yifei Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Zhihong Gao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Meng Cao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Miqi Ren
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
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Ren M, Bai Y, Su J, Min Y, Wang Y, Ali A. Immobilized bioreactor for enhanced ammonia, phosphorus, and phenol removal and effects of phenol on microbial communities, potential functions, and nitrogen metabolism. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130161. [PMID: 38065515 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, an immobilized bioreactor was established to remove ammonia (NH4+-N), phosphate (PO43--P), and phenol using composite mycelium spheres (CMP) as the immobilization material in combination with Pseudomonas sp. Y1. Under optimal operating conditions, the bioreactor achieved 98.07, 91.71, and 92.57 % removal of NH4+-N, PO43--P, and phenol, respectively. The results showed that the bioreactor removed PO43--P by biomineralization and co-precipitation. Phenol removal relied on a Fenton-like reaction achieved by CMP-induced quinone redox cycling. High-throughput sequencing analysis and functional gene prediction indicated that Pseudomonas was the dominant genus and that the bioreactor had much potential for nitrogen removal, respectively. In addition, phenol affected the performance of functional genes and the associated enzymes, which influenced the nitrogen metabolism process in the bioreactor. This work serves as a guideline for the development of more stable and sustainable composite pollution removal technologies and fungal-bacterial symbiotic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miqi Ren
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yihan Bai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Yitian Min
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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5
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Zhang L, Huang X, Chen W, Fu G, Zhang Z. Microalgae-assisted heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification process for cost-effective nitrogen and phosphorus removal from high-salinity wastewater: Performance, mechanism, and bacterial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 390:129901. [PMID: 37871742 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
A microalgae-assisted heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HNAD) system for efficient nutrient removal from high-salinity wastewater was constructed for the first time as a cost-effective process in the present study. Excellent nutrient removal (∼100.0 %) was achieved through the symbiotic system. The biological removal process, biologically induced phosphate precipitation (BIPP), microalgae uptake, and ammonia stripping worked together for nutrient removal. Furthermore, the biological removal process achieved by biofilm contributed to approximately 55.3-71.8 % of nitrogen removal. BIPP undertook approximately 45.6-51.8 % of phosphorus removal. Batch activity tests confirmed that HNAD fulfilled an extremely critical role in nitrogen removal. Microalgal metabolism drove BIPP to achieve efficient phosphorus removal. Moreover, as the main HNAD bacteria, OLB13 and Thauera were enriched. The preliminary energy flow analysis demonstrated that the symbiotic system could achieve energy neutrality, theoretically. The findings provide novel insights into strategies of low-carbon and efficient nutrient removal from high-salinity wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfang Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenting Chen
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Guokai Fu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Zhi Zhang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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6
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Garduño-Pineda L, Linares-Hernández I, Martínez-Miranda V, Teutli-Sequeira EA, Santa Cruz JM, García-Sánchez JJ. Sustainable removal of nutrients (n and p) in a wastewater treatment plant, with eggshell (biocalcium). Heliyon 2023; 9:e21581. [PMID: 38027994 PMCID: PMC10658251 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological treatments have become insufficient to treat municipal wastewater with greater toxicity and excess nitrogen and phosphate species, thus affecting the organisms that consume the water. In this work, a process was implemented for the removal of nutrients through three stages: stage A, complete aeration (24 h, 43 months); stage B, decreased aeration (12 h, 17 months); and stage C, decreased aeration with biocalcium (12 h, 19 months). The addition of biocalcium from eggshell promoted the formation of flocks, which resulted in the removal of nitrites (61 %), nitrates (84 %), total nitrogen (57 %), total phosphorus (8.3 %), sedimentable solids (50 %), total suspended solids (69 %), BOD5 (76 %), helminth eggs (50 %) and fecal coliforms (54 %). The statistical analyses in the three stages indicated that there is a strong correlation between the concentration of fats and oils and the removal of sedimentable solids and total suspended solids, since these parameters were correlated by 97 and 89 %, respectively. Sedimentable solids were correlated with total suspended solids by 94 %, while nitrates and total nitrogen were correlated 92 %, which favors the removal of nutrients in wastewater. The increase in the concentration of nitrogen in the sludge in stage C generated a C:N ratio of 7.98. This ratio shows that the sludge is feasible for use as a mediator of soils and a biofertilizer because of the high contents of calcium, phosphorus and nitrogen. In addition, biocalcium promoted the precipitation of hydroxyapatite, struvite, calcite and quartz. In general, the three stages of the treatment contributed to the stabilization of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in an efficient, economical, and safe way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Garduño-Pineda
- Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Jocotitlán Estado de México, 50700, Mexico
- Gobierno del Estado de México, Consejo Mexiquense de Ciencia y Tecnología (COMECYT), Cátedras CONAHCYT, Mexico
| | - Ivonne Linares-Hernández
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Toluca, 50120, Mexico
| | - Verónica Martínez-Miranda
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Toluca, 50120, Mexico
| | - Elía Alejandra Teutli-Sequeira
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Toluca, 50120, Mexico
- Gobierno de México, Consejo Nacional de Humanidades Ciencias y Tecnologías (CONAHCYT), Cátedras CONAHCYT, Mexico
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He Q, Yan X, Wang H, Ji Y, Li J, Liu L, Bi P, Xu P, Xu B, Ma J. Towards a better understanding of the anaerobic/oxic/anoxic-aerobic granular sludge process (AOA-AGS) for simultaneous low-strength wastewater treatment and in situ sludge reduction from ambient to winter temperatures. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116822. [PMID: 37541415 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The new anaerobic/oxic/anoxic-aerobic granular sludge (AOA-AGS) merits the advantages of effective carbon utilization and low-carbon treatment. However, low temperature poses stressing concerns and the resisting mechanism remains much unknown. Herein, an AOA-AGS process was configured for simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal (SNDPR) with low-strength wastewater from ambient (>15 °C) to winter temperatures (<15 °C). Results showed that simultaneously advanced nutrients removal, and dramatic in situ sludge reduction (Yobs of 0.093 g MLSS/g COD) were gained regardless of seasonally decreasing temperatures. Winter temperatures even amplified Candidatus Competibacter predominating from 20.11% to 34.74%, which laid the core basis for endogenous denitrification, sludge minimization and temperature resistance. A removal model was thus proposed given the observed functional groups, and doubts were also raised for future investigations. This study would aid a better understanding on the microbial ecology and engineering aspects of the new AOA-AGS process treating low-strength wastewater at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulai He
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430082, China
| | - Yaning Ji
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Peng Bi
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Baokun Xu
- Agricultural Water Conservancy Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Jingwei Ma
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
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8
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Deng L, Dhar BR. Phosphorus recovery from wastewater via calcium phosphate precipitation: A critical review of methods, progress, and insights. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 330:138685. [PMID: 37060960 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the important elements for human, animal, and plant life. Due to the development of the circular economy in recent years, the recovery of P from wastewater has received more attention. Recovery of P from domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastewater in the form of calcium phosphate (CaP) by precipitation/crystallization process presents a low-cost and effective method. Recovered CaP could be used as P fertilizer and for other industrial applications. This review summarizes the effects of supersaturation, pH, seed materials, calcium (Ca) source, and wastewater composition, on the precipitation/crystallization process. The recovery efficiency and value proposition of recovered CaP were assessed. This in-depth analysis of the literature reports identified the process parameters that are worth further optimization. The review also provides perspectives on future research needs on expanding the application field of recovered CaP and finding other more economical and environmentally friendly Ca sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Deng
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada.
| | - Bipro Ranjan Dhar
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
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Yang W, Xu L, Su J, Wang Z, Zhang L. Simultaneous removal of phosphate, calcium, and ammonia nitrogen in a hydrogel immobilized reactor with bentonite/lanthanum/PVA based on microbial induced calcium precipitation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 326:138460. [PMID: 36948049 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, it is urgent to solve nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in domestic wastewater. The target strain Pseudomonas sp. Y1 was immobilized using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix coupled with bentonite and lanthanum (La), respectively, to fabricate four hydrogel materials that used to construct bioreactors. The optimal operating parameters and dephosphorization mechanism were discussed, and the effects of hydrogel materials and different loads on the performance of the bioreactor were contrastively analyzed. The results manifested that when the hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 6.0 h, the C/N was 6.0, and the Ca2+ concentration was 100.0 mg L-1, the bioreactors had the best heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HNAD) and biomineralization capacity, and the maximum removal efficiencies of Ca2+, PO43--P, and NH4+-N were 82.57, 99.17, and 89.08%, respectively. The operation data indicated that the addition of bentonite significantly promoted HNAD, and the bioreactor had stronger dephosphorization ability in the presence of La. The main phosphorous removal mechanisms were confirmed to be adsorption and co-precipitation. Finally, high-throughput sequencing results indicated that Pseudomonas accounted for the paramount proportion in the bioreactor, and the prediction of functional genes indicated that the C/N of 6.0 is more favorable for the expression of nitrogen removal-related functional genes in the bioreactor system. This study highlights the superiority of microbial induced calcium precipitation (MICP) combined with PVA hydrogel, and provides a theoretical basis for simultaneous nitrogen and phosphate removal of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuo Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Zhao Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Lingfei Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
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10
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Min Y, Wang Z, Su J, Ali A, Huang T, Yang W. Simultaneous removal of ammonia nitrogen, recovery of phosphate, and immobilization of nickel in a polyester fiber with shell powder and iron carbon spheres bioreactor: Optimization and pathways mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 224:115476. [PMID: 36805352 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Composite pollutants are prevalent in wastewater, whereas, the simultaneous accomplishment of efficient nitrogen removal and resources recovery remains a challenge. In this study, a bioreactor was constructed to contain Pseudomonas sp. Y1 using polyester fiber wrapped with shell powder and iron carbon spheres, achieving ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) removal, phosphate (PO43--P) recovery, and nickel (Ni2+) immobilization. The optimal performance of bioreactor was average removal efficiencies of NH4+-N, PO43--P, calcium (Ca2+), and Ni2+ as 82.42, 96.67, 76.13, and 98.29% at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 h, pH of 7.0, and influent Ca2+ and Ni2+ concentrations of 100.0 and 3.0 mg L-1, respectively. The bioreactor could remove PO43--P, Ca2+, and Ni2+ by biomineralization, co-precipitation, adsorption, and lattice substitution. Moreover, microbial community analysis suggested that Pseudomonas was the predominant genus and had possessed tolerance to Ni2+ toxicity in wastewater. This study presented an effective method to synchronously remove NH4+-N, recover PO43--P, and fix heavy metals through microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) and heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification (HNAD) technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Min
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Amjad Ali
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Tinglin Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Wenshuo Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
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Zhang L, Huang X, Fu G, Zhang Z. Aerobic electrotrophic denitrification coupled with biologically induced phosphate precipitation for nitrogen and phosphorus removal from high-salinity wastewater: Performance, mechanism, and microbial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 372:128696. [PMID: 36731615 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrotrophic denitrification (ED) is a promising nitrogen removal technique; however, the potential of ED coupled with biologically induced phosphate precipitation (BIPP) has not been fully explored. In this study, the performances, mechanisms, and microbial communities of the coupled system were investigated. The results showed that excellent nitrogen and phosphorus removal (both exceeding 92 %) was achieved in the salinity range of 20-60 g/L. ED contributed to approximately 83.4 % of nitrogen removal. BIPP removed approximately 63.5 % of the phosphorus. Batch activity tests confirmed that aerobic/anoxic bio-electrochemical and autotrophic/heterotrophic denitrification worked together for nitrate removal. Sulfate reduction had a negative impact on denitrification. Moreover, phosphorus removal was controlled by ED and calcium ions. The alkaline solution environment created by denitrification may greatly promote the formation of hydroxyapatite. Microbial community analyses indicated that the key bacteria involved in aerobic ED was Arcobacter. These findings will aid in the advanced treatment of high-salinity wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfang Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Guokai Fu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Zhi Zhang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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Yang W, Xu L, Wang Z, Li K, Hu R, Su J, Zhang L. Synchronous removal of ammonia nitrogen, phosphate, and calcium by heterotrophic nitrifying strain Pseudomonas sp. Y1 based on microbial induced calcium precipitation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127996. [PMID: 36150425 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas sp. Y1, a strain with superior synchronous removal ability of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), phosphate (PO43--P), and calcium (Ca2+) was isolated, with the removal efficiencies of 92.04, 99.98, and 83.40 %, respectively. Meanwhile, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) was degraded by 90.33 %. Through kinetic analysis, the optimal cultivated conditions for heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HNAD) and biomineralization were determined. The growth curves experimental results of different nitrogen sources indicated that strain Y1 could remove NH4+-N through HNAD. The results of excitation-emission matrix (EEM) proved that the appearance of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) promoted the precipitation of phosphate minerals. Finally, the characterization results of the bioprecipitates showed that the HNAD process produced the alkalinity required for microbial induced calcium precipitation (MICP), resulting in the removal of PO43- via adsorption and co-precipitation. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of microorganisms to achieve synchronous nutrient removal and phosphorus recovery in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuo Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Liang Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Kai Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Ruizhu Hu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Lingfei Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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