1
|
Pietro WJ, Mermut O. A SiPM-Enabled Portable Delayed Fluorescence Photon Counting Device: Climatic Plant Stress Biosensing. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:817. [PMID: 36290954 PMCID: PMC9599934 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A portable and sensitive time-resolved biosensor for capturing very low intensity light emission is a promising avenue to study plant delayed fluorescence. These weak emissions provide insight on plant health and can be useful in plant science as well as in the development of accurate feedback indicators for plant growth and yield in applications of agricultural crop cultivation. A field-based delayed fluorescence device is also desirable to enable monitoring of plant stress response to climate change. Among basic techniques for the detection of rapidly fluctuating low intensity light is photon counting. Despite its vast utility, photon counting techniques often relying on photomultiplier tube (PMT) technology, having restricted use in agricultural and environment measurements of plant stress outside of the laboratory setting, mainly due to the prohibitive cost of the equipment, high voltage nature, and the complexity of its operation. However, recent development of the new generation solid-state silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) single photon avalanche diode array has enabled the availability of high quantum efficiency, easy-to-operate, compact, photon counting systems which are not constrained to sophisticated laboratories, and are accessible owing to their low-cost. In this contribution, we have conceived, fabricated and validated a novel SiPM-based photon counting device with integrated plug-and-play excitation LED, all housed inside a miniaturized sample chamber to record weak delayed fluorescence lifetime response from plant leaves subjected to varying temperature condition and drought stress. Findings from our device show that delayed fluorescence reports on the inactivation to the plant's photosystem II function in response to unfavorable acute environmental heat and cold shock stress as well as chronic water deprivation. Results from our proof-of-concept miniaturized prototype demonstrate a new, simple and effective photon counting instrument is achieved, one which can be deployed in-field to rapidly and minimally invasively assess plant physiological growth and health based on rapid, ultra-weak delayed fluorescence measurements directly from a plant leaf.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William J. Pietro
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Ozzy Mermut
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lim CW, Baek W, Lee SC. Tobacco ubiquitin-specific protease 12 (NbUBP12) positively modulates drought resistance. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1974725. [PMID: 34658295 PMCID: PMC9208778 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1974725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Deubiquitination, a type of post-translational modification, cleaves ubiquitin from target proteins, thereby regulating their stability or activity. Deubiquitination enzymes, ubiquitin-specific proteases (UBP/USP), have been reported to be involved in numerous cellular processes in plants, including meristem development, circadian clock regulation, and immunity. In contrast to model plants, however, the functions of UBP in other higher plants remain poorly understood. Here, we isolated a deubiquitination enzyme, ubiquitin-specific protease 12 (NbUBP12), from Nicotiana benthamiana, which shows high sequence homology with the core enzyme regions of UBP12 from other plants. Quantitative reverse-transcription PCR analysis revealed that NbUBP12 gene expression was significantly induced after drought treatment, and its level was higher in seed than in other tissues. Using a virus-induced gene silencing technique, we generated NbUBP12-silenced tobacco plants to analyze NbUBP12 gene function in response to drought stress and found that compared with control plants, NbUBP12-silenced plants exhibited a lower survival rate after exposure to drought stress. In addition, they were characterized by lower leaf surface temperatures and larger stomatal pore size following abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. On the basis of these observations, we suggest that NbUBP12 is involved in modulating drought resistance in N. benthamiana, which is associated with ABA-mediated stomatal closure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chae Woo Lim
- Department of Life Science (Bk21 Program), Chung-Ang University, SeoulSouth Korea
| | - Woonhee Baek
- Department of Life Science (Bk21 Program), Chung-Ang University, SeoulSouth Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lee
- Department of Life Science (Bk21 Program), Chung-Ang University, SeoulSouth Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ali Z, Saleem M, Atta BM, Khan SS, Hammad G. Determination of curcuminoid content in turmeric using fluorescence spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 213:192-198. [PMID: 30685558 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The potential of fluorescence spectroscopy is exploited for the characterization and comparison of different turmeric varieties based on curcuminoids content in turmeric powders. Fluorescence spectra from turmeric powders has been acquired by using excitation wavelengths from 300 to 470 nm with step of 10 nm to investigate the effect of excitation wavelengths on the emission of valuable ingredients for their characterization. Emission spectra revealed that fresh wet turmeric rhizomes show emission bands at 571 nm which is due to curcumin. It is found that main ingredient of turmeric powder is curcumin and best excitation wavelength is 467 nm for its maximum emission intensity. High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used as alternate standard technique for determination of curcuminoid content in the reference samples. The curcumin content in the commercially available local turmeric brands were also evaluated, one brand showed significant covariance from standard fluorescent spectra of turmeric meaning this particular brand contained minimum curcumin content or have been severely adultered. In the next step the powders were heated at different temperatures from 60 °C to 150 °C (Normal cooking & frying temperatures) to observe the difference in emission spectra particularly keeping in view the molecular composition and curcuminoid content in turmeric. The results indicate that curcumin content gradually decreases above 90 °C. Principal component analysis (PCA) has been employed on all the data to statistically differentiate small molecular changes and adulteration by covariance calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiqar Ali
- Agricultural and Biophotonics Division, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), Lehtrar Road, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Agricultural and Biophotonics Division, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), Lehtrar Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Babar Manzoor Atta
- Agricultural and Biophotonics Division, National Institute of Lasers and Optronics (NILOP), Lehtrar Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf S Khan
- Vegetable Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghazanfar Hammad
- Chemistry Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH), P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang J, Zhao J, Wang Y, Wang W, Gao Y, Xu R, Zhao W. A New Microfluidic Device for Classification of Microalgae Cells Based on Simultaneous Analysis of Chlorophyll Fluorescence, Side Light Scattering, Resistance Pulse Sensing. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:mi7110198. [PMID: 30404370 PMCID: PMC6190122 DOI: 10.3390/mi7110198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fast on-site monitoring of foreign microalgae species carried by ship ballast water has drawn more and more attention. In this paper, we presented a new method and a compact device of classification of microalgae cells by simultaneous detection of three kinds of signals of single microalgae cells in a disposable microfluidic chip. The microfluidic classification device has advantages of fast detection, low cost, and portability. The species of a single microalgae cell can be identified by simultaneous detection of three signals of chlorophyll fluorescence (CF), side light scattering (SLS), and resistance pulse sensing (RPS) of the microalgae cell. These three signals represent the different characteristics of a microalgae cell. A compact device was designed to detect these three signals of a microalgae cell simultaneously. In order to demonstrate the performance of the developed system, the comparison experiments of the mixed samples of three different species of microalgae cells between the developed system and a commercial flow cytometer were conducted. The results show that three kinds of microalgae cells can be distinguished clearly by our developed system and the commercial flow cytometer and both results have good agreement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Wang
- College of Information and Science Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Vessel Pollution Monitoring and Control, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Jinsong Zhao
- College of Information and Science Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Yanjuan Wang
- College of Information and Science Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Information and Science Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Yushu Gao
- College of Information and Science Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Runze Xu
- College of Information and Science Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Wenshuang Zhao
- College of Information and Science Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chuenwarin P, Shimazaki A, Shimizu M, Kobayashi Y, Katsumata M, Kobayashi H. Nondestructive evaluation of photosynthesis by delayed luminescence in Arabidopsis in Petri dishes. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 80:452-60. [PMID: 26559425 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1101332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Nondestructive evaluation of photosynthesis is a valuable tool in the field and laboratory. Delayed luminescence (DL) can reflect charge recombination through the backflow of electrons. However, DL detection has not yet been adapted for whole plants in Petri dishes. To compensate for differences in DL decay between sibling Arabidopsis plants grown under the same conditions, we developed a time-sequential double measurement method. Using this method, we examined the influence of photosynthetic electron flow inhibitors, and differences in the DL decay curves were categorized by considering the initial and late phases of the decay curves, as well as their intermediate slopes. The appearance of concavity and convexity in DL curves in Arabidopsis was different from unicellular algae, suggesting complexity in the photosynthetic machinery of higher plants. This detection method should be invaluable for evaluating photosynthetic defects in higher plants under sterile conditions without interrupting plant culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweena Chuenwarin
- a Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences , University of Shizuoka , Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Azumi Shimazaki
- a Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences , University of Shizuoka , Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Masanori Shimizu
- b School of Health Promotional Science , Tokoha University , Hamamatsu , Japan
| | - Yuko Kobayashi
- c Central Research Laboratory , Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. , Hamamatsu , Japan
| | - Masakazu Katsumata
- c Central Research Laboratory , Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. , Hamamatsu , Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kobayashi
- a Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences , University of Shizuoka , Shizuoka , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zeng L, Wang Y, Zhou J. Spectral analysis on origination of the bands at 437 nm and 475.5 nm of chlorophyll fluorescence excitation spectrum in Arabidopsis chloroplasts. LUMINESCENCE 2015; 31:769-74. [PMID: 26358732 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll fluorescence has been often used as an intrinsic optical molecular probe to study photosynthesis. In this study, the origin of bands at 437 and 475.5 nm in the chlorophyll fluorescence excitation spectrum for emission at 685 nm in Arabidopsis chloroplasts was investigated using various optical analysis methods. The results revealed that this fluorescence excitation spectrum was related to the absorption characteristics of pigment molecules in PSII complexes. Moreover, the excitation band centred at 475.5 nm had a blue shift, but the excitation band at 437 nm changed relatively less due to induction of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Furthermore, fluorescence emission spectra showed that this blue shift occurred when excitation energy transfer from both chlorophyll b (Chl b) and carotenoids (Cars) to chlorophyll a (Chl a) was blocked. These results demonstrate that the excitation band at 437 nm was mainly contributed by Chl a, while the excitation band at 475.5 nm was mainly contributed by Chl b and Cars. The chlorophyll fluorescence excitation spectrum, therefore, could serve as a useful tool to describe specific characteristics of light absorption and energy transfer between light-harvesting pigments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhang Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pang J, Yang M, Fu J, Zhao X, van Wijk E, Wang M, Liu Y, Zhou X, Fan H, Han J. Classification of Chinese herbs based on the cluster analysis of delayed luminescence. LUMINESCENCE 2015; 31:491-498. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.2987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiang Pang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Shandong University School of Medicine; Ji'nan Shandong Province China
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of the Ministry of Health; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Ji'nan Shandong Province China
| | - Meina Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Shandong University School of Medicine; Ji'nan Shandong Province China
| | - Jialei Fu
- Shandong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Ji'nan Shandong Province China
| | - Xiaolei Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Shandong University School of Medicine; Ji'nan Shandong Province China
| | - Eduard van Wijk
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Centre for Photonics of Living Systems; Leiden University; Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Mei Wang
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Centre for Photonics of Living Systems; Leiden University; Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Yanli Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Ji'nan Shandong Province China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of the Ministry of Health; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Ji'nan Shandong Province China
| | - Hua Fan
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of the Ministry of Health; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Ji'nan Shandong Province China
| | - Jinxiang Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Shandong University School of Medicine; Ji'nan Shandong Province China
- Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of the Ministry of Health; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Ji'nan Shandong Province China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zeng L, Zhou J, Li B, Xing D. A high-sensitivity optical device for the early monitoring of plant pathogen attack via the in vivo detection of ROS bursts. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:96. [PMID: 25767474 PMCID: PMC4341508 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Biotic stressors, especially pathogenic microorganisms, are rather difficult to detect. In plants, one of the earliest cellular responses following pathogen infection is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, a novel optical device for the early monitoring of Pseudomonas attack was developed; this device measures the ROS level via oxidation-sensitive 2', 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA)-mediated fluorescence, which could provide early monitoring of attacks by a range of plant pathogen; ROS bursts were detected in vivo in Arabidopsis thaliana with higher sensitivity and accuracy than those of a commercial luminescence spectrophotometer. Additionally, the DCF fluorescence truly reflected early changes in the ROS level, as indicated by an evaluation of the H2O2 content and the tight association between the ROS and Pseudomonas concentration. Moreover, compared with traditional methods for detecting plant pathogen attacks based on physiological and biochemical measurements, our proposed technique also offers significant advantages, such as low cost, simplicity, convenient operation and quick turnaround. These results therefore suggest that the proposed optical device could be useful for the rapid monitoring of attacks by plant pathogen and yield results considerably earlier than the appearance of visual changes in plant morphology or growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science and Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guo Y, Tan J. Applications of delayed fluorescence from photosystem II. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2013; 13:17332-45. [PMID: 24351639 PMCID: PMC3892870 DOI: 10.3390/s131217332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
While photosystem II (PSII) of plants utilizes light for photosynthesis, part of the absorbed energy may be reverted back and dissipated as long-term fluorescence (delayed fluorescence or DF). Because the generation of DF is coupled with the processes of forward photosynthetic activities, DF contains the information about plant physiological states and plant-environment interactions. This makes DF a potentially powerful biosensing mechanism to measure plant photosynthetic activities and environmental conditions. While DF has attracted the interest of many researchers, some aspects of it are still unknown because of the complexity of photosynthetic system. In order to provide a holistic picture about the usefulness of DF, it is meaningful to summarize the research on DF applications. In this short review, available literature on applications of DF from PSII is summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Guo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Jinglu Tan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; E-Mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang J, Sun J, Song Y, Xu Y, Pan X, Sun Y, Li D. A label-free microfluidic biosensor for activity detection of single microalgae cells based on chlorophyll fluorescence. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2013; 13:16075-89. [PMID: 24287532 PMCID: PMC3892884 DOI: 10.3390/s131216075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Detection of living microalgae cells is very important for ballast water treatment and analysis. Chlorophyll fluorescence is an indicator of photosynthetic activity and hence the living status of plant cells. In this paper, we developed a novel microfluidic biosensor system that can quickly and accurately detect the viability of single microalgae cells based on chlorophyll fluorescence. The system is composed of a laser diode as an excitation light source, a photodiode detector, a signal analysis circuit, and a microfluidic chip as a microalgae cell transportation platform. To demonstrate the utility of this system, six different living and dead algae samples (Karenia mikimotoi Hansen, Chlorella vulgaris, Nitzschia closterium, Platymonas subcordiformis, Pyramidomonas delicatula and Dunaliella salina) were tested. The developed biosensor can distinguish clearly between the living microalgae cells and the dead microalgae cells. The smallest microalgae cells that can be detected by using this biosensor are 3 μm ones. Even smaller microalgae cells could be detected by increasing the excitation light power. The developed microfluidic biosensor has great potential for in situ ballast water analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Wang
- College of Information and Science Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; E-Mails: (J.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Jinyang Sun
- College of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; E-Mails: (J.S.); (Y.S.); (X.P.)
| | - Yongxin Song
- College of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; E-Mails: (J.S.); (Y.S.); (X.P.)
| | - Yongyi Xu
- College of Information and Science Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; E-Mails: (J.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Xinxiang Pan
- College of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; E-Mails: (J.S.); (Y.S.); (X.P.)
| | - Yeqing Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Dongqing Li
- College of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; E-Mails: (J.S.); (Y.S.); (X.P.)
- Department of Mechanical & Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fernandez-Jaramillo AA, Duarte-Galvan C, Contreras-Medina LM, Torres-Pacheco I, de J. Romero-Troncoso R, Guevara-Gonzalez RG, Millan-Almaraz JR. Instrumentation in developing chlorophyll fluorescence biosensing: a review. SENSORS 2012; 12:11853-69. [PMID: 23112686 PMCID: PMC3478813 DOI: 10.3390/s120911853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chlorophyll fluorescence can be defined as the red and far-red light emitted by photosynthetic tissue when it is excited by a light source. This is an important phenomenon which permits investigators to obtain important information about the state of health of a photosynthetic sample. This article reviews the current state of the art knowledge regarding the design of new chlorophyll fluorescence sensing systems, providing appropriate information about processes, instrumentation and electronic devices. These types of systems and applications can be created to determine both comfort conditions and current problems within a given subject. The procedure to measure chlorophyll fluorescence is commonly split into two main parts; the first involves chlorophyll excitation, for which there are passive or active methods. The second part of the procedure is to closely measure the chlorophyll fluorescence response with specialized instrumentation systems. Such systems utilize several methods, each with different characteristics regarding to cost, resolution, ease of processing or portability. These methods for the most part include cameras, photodiodes and satellite images.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo A. Fernandez-Jaramillo
- Biosystems Engineering CA, Postgraduate Study Division, Engineering Faculty, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Cerro de las Campanas St., Querétaro, 76010, Qro., Mexico; E-Mails: (A.A.F.-J.); (C.D.-G.); (L.M.C.-M.); (I.T.-P.); (R.G.G.-G.)
| | - Carlos Duarte-Galvan
- Biosystems Engineering CA, Postgraduate Study Division, Engineering Faculty, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Cerro de las Campanas St., Querétaro, 76010, Qro., Mexico; E-Mails: (A.A.F.-J.); (C.D.-G.); (L.M.C.-M.); (I.T.-P.); (R.G.G.-G.)
| | - Luis M. Contreras-Medina
- Biosystems Engineering CA, Postgraduate Study Division, Engineering Faculty, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Cerro de las Campanas St., Querétaro, 76010, Qro., Mexico; E-Mails: (A.A.F.-J.); (C.D.-G.); (L.M.C.-M.); (I.T.-P.); (R.G.G.-G.)
- HSPdigital-CA Mecatronics, Engineering Faculty, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus San Juan del Rio, 249 Rio Moctezuma St., San Juan del Rio, 76807, Qro., Mexico; E-Mail:
| | - Irineo Torres-Pacheco
- Biosystems Engineering CA, Postgraduate Study Division, Engineering Faculty, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Cerro de las Campanas St., Querétaro, 76010, Qro., Mexico; E-Mails: (A.A.F.-J.); (C.D.-G.); (L.M.C.-M.); (I.T.-P.); (R.G.G.-G.)
| | - Rene de J. Romero-Troncoso
- HSPdigital-CA Mecatronics, Engineering Faculty, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Campus San Juan del Rio, 249 Rio Moctezuma St., San Juan del Rio, 76807, Qro., Mexico; E-Mail:
| | - Ramon G. Guevara-Gonzalez
- Biosystems Engineering CA, Postgraduate Study Division, Engineering Faculty, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Cerro de las Campanas St., Querétaro, 76010, Qro., Mexico; E-Mails: (A.A.F.-J.); (C.D.-G.); (L.M.C.-M.); (I.T.-P.); (R.G.G.-G.)
| | - Jesus R. Millan-Almaraz
- Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Universitarios Blvd., De las Americas Ave., Cd. Universitaria, Culiacan, 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +52-667-716-1154 (ext. 117)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li Z, Xing F, Xing D. Characterization of target site of aluminum phytotoxicity in photosynthetic electron transport by fluorescence techniques in tobacco leaves. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 53:1295-309. [PMID: 22611177 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcs076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity limits crop yield in acidic soil through affecting diverse metabolic processes, especially photosynthesis. The aim of this work was to examine the effect of Al on photosynthetic electron transport in vivo as determined by chlorophyll fluorescence and delayed fluorescence of tobacco leaves. Results showed that Al treatment inhibited the photosynthetic rate and electron transfer, and decreased photosystem (PS) II photochemical activity in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, which could not be obviously alleviated by the addition of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger ascorbic acid (AsA). These results suggested that photosynthetic electron transfer chain components, especially PSII, might be directly damaged by Al instead of in an ROS-dependent manner. Furthermore, the fluorescence imaging and biochemical analysis exhibited that Al, after entering the cells, could accumulate in the chloroplasts, which paralleled the decreased content of Fe in the chloroplast. The changes in the chlorophyll fluorescence decay curve, the delayed fluorescence decay curve and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters indicated that Al, through interacting with or replacing the non-heme iron between Q(A) and Q(B), caused the inhibition of electron transfer between Q(A) and Q(B), resulting in PSII photochemical damage and inhibition of the photosynthetic rate. In summary, our results characterized the target site of Al phytotoxicity in photosynthetic electron transport, providing new insight into the mechanism of Al phytotoxicity-induced chloroplast dysfunction and photosynthetic damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
|
14
|
An on-line multi-parameter analyzing optical biosensor for real-time and non-invasive monitoring of plant stress responses in vivo. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-009-0157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
15
|
Liu X, Gao C, Xing D. A non-invasive and rapid seed vigor biosensor based on quantitative measurement of superoxide generated by aleurone cell in intact seeds. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 24:1537-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
16
|
Guo Y, Tan J. A kinetic model structure for delayed fluorescence from plants. Biosystems 2009; 95:98-103. [PMID: 18773937 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2008.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2007] [Revised: 07/31/2008] [Accepted: 08/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this research, we demonstrated that the plastoquinone-related electron-transport kinetics in photosynthesis could be sufficiently described with as few as three state variables, Q(A)(-), Q(B)(-), and Q(B)(2-). A third-order kinetic model structure was developed with delayed fluorescence as the measurable output. Delayed fluorescence emissions from drought-stressed, DCMU [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] treated, or healthy plants were measured with a photon-counting system and used to verify the model structure through nonlinear least-squares optimization. While there were no visible differences between the healthy and the stressed plants, the model showed an obvious decrease of Q(A) reduction rate in the drought-stressed samples and a clear decline of functional Q(A)Q(B) pairs in the DCMU-treated samples. The changes were consistent with the known mechanisms by which water and DCMU affect electron transport in photosynthetic plants. The results proved that the three-state formulation was a compact and practically useful model structure for describing delayed fluorescence from plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Guo
- Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang L, Xing D. Rapid determination of the damage to photosynthesis caused by salt and osmotic stresses using delayed fluorescence of chloroplasts. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2008; 7:352-60. [DOI: 10.1039/b714209a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
18
|
Li Q, Xing D, Jia L, Wang J. Mechanism study on the origin of delayed fluorescence by an analytic modeling of the electronic reflux for photosynthetic electron transport chain. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2007; 87:183-90. [PMID: 17537642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2007.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2007] [Revised: 04/17/2007] [Accepted: 04/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A mathematical-physical analysis model, which describes individually the electronic reflux of several significant components in the photosynthesis electron transport chain, was firstly developed. The process of electrons flowing back to the oxidized reaction center P(680)(+) was simulated by a series of photochemical reaction equations, resulting in getting the linked differential equations of delayed fluorescence (DF) intensity. MATLAB provided a computationally efficient method to solve these linked equations. Simulations based on this model showed that the decay kinetics of DF accord with double exponential. DF components decaying in the millisecond range (fast phase) are related to the charge recombination of P(680)(+) and Q(A)(-). The components decaying in the seconds range are associated with the recombination of P(680)(+) with Q(B)(2-). The developed model was tested in maize leaves treated with different electron blockers to induce changes in photosynthesis electron transport chain. The experimental results demonstrated that the developed model can accurately determine the regulatory effects of electron blockers on photosynthesis electron transport chain. Therefore, the model presented here could be potentially useful for studying the electron transfer in plant. It also provides an experimental workbench for testing hypotheses as to the underlying mechanism controlling the change for different phases of DF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science and Institute of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang L, Xing D, Wang J, Li L. Rapid and non-invasive detection of plants senescence using a delayed fluorescence technique. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2007; 6:635-41. [PMID: 17549265 DOI: 10.1039/b617893f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Senescence is a phase of leaf ontogeny marked by declining photosynthetic activity that is paralleled by a decline in chloroplast function. The photosystem II in a plant is considered to be the primary site where delayed fluorescence (DF) is produced. We report here a simple, rapid, and non-invasive technique for detecting plants senescence based on quantitative measurements of DF. In the experimental study, various senescence symptoms induced by age or hormones were examined in the Catharanthus roseus L. G. Don plants. Detecting the DF emissions from leaves with a home-made DF biosensor enables DF parameters of C. roseus to be produced in a short time. Meanwhile, evaluations of leaves senescence were made from measurements of chlorophyll content, ion leakage, and net photosynthesis rate (Pn) based on the consumption of CO2 in the tested plants. The results of our investigation demonstrate that the changes in DF intensity of green plants can truly reflect the changes in photosynthetic capacity and chlorophyll content during age-dependent and hormone-modulated senescence. Moreover, the DF intensity negatively correlates with ion leakage in both types of senescence. With proper calibration, DF may provide an important approach for monitoring senescence process in vivo and quantitatively evaluating senescence extent. Therefore, a DF technique could be potentially useful for less time-consuming and automated screening of the interesting mutants with genetic modifications that change the plant senescence progress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingrui Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|