1
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Chen B, Wang D, Wei S, Wang J. Portable electrochemical aptasensor for highly sensitive detection of 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 260:116434. [PMID: 38810414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Aptamer-based electrochemical sensors are frequently used as independent, surface-functionalized, passive electrodes. However, their sensitivity and detection limits become limited, particularly when the electrode area is reduced to facilitate miniaturization. A mobile phone-based microfluidic electrochemical aptamer sensing platform for 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB77) detection was developed in this work. This aptamer sensor utilized Exonuclease I (Exo I) and DNA/AuNPs/horseradish peroxidase (DNA/AuNPs/HRP) nanoprobes as a merged signal amplification method, which resulted in an increase in the electrochemical sensing performance. Sensitive detection of PCB77 was accomplished by functionalizing the hierarchically structured Au@MoS2/CNTs/GO modified working/sensing electrode with the specific aptamer. The aptamer sensor was tested with different concentrations of PCB77 within the microfluidic platform. Afterward, the differential pulse voltammograms were recorded using a wireless integrated circuit device. Subsequently, the collected data was transmitted to a smartphone using Bluetooth communication. A detection limit of 0.0085 ng/L was obtained for PCB77 detection, with a detection range from 0.1 to 1000 ng/L. In addition, the detection of PCB77 in spiked water samples validated the possibility of using this aptamer sensor in a real environment, and the aptamer sensor demonstrated high selectivity in distinguishing PCB77 from other potential interfering species. The merging of electrochemical aptamer sensors with purposefully engineered microfluidic and integrated devices in this study is a novel and promising method that provides a dependable platform for on-site applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Adv. Mater. in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Dou Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Adv. Mater. in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Shusheng Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Adv. Mater. in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Adv. Mater. in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, China.
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2
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Chen YS, Huang CH, Pai PC, Seo J, Lei KF. A Review on Microfluidics-Based Impedance Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13010083. [PMID: 36671918 PMCID: PMC9855525 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Electrical impedance biosensors are powerful and continuously being developed for various biological sensing applications. In this line, the sensitivity of impedance biosensors embedded with microfluidic technologies, such as sheath flow focusing, dielectrophoretic focusing, and interdigitated electrode arrays, can still be greatly improved. In particular, reagent consumption reduction and analysis time-shortening features can highly increase the analytical capabilities of such biosensors. Moreover, the reliability and efficiency of analyses are benefited by microfluidics-enabled automation. Through the use of mature microfluidic technology, complicated biological processes can be shrunk and integrated into a single microfluidic system (e.g., lab-on-a-chip or micro-total analysis systems). By incorporating electrical impedance biosensors, hand-held and bench-top microfluidic systems can be easily developed and operated by personnel without professional training. Furthermore, the impedance spectrum provides broad information regarding cell size, membrane capacitance, cytoplasmic conductivity, and cytoplasmic permittivity without the need for fluorescent labeling, magnetic modifications, or other cellular treatments. In this review article, a comprehensive summary of microfluidics-based impedance biosensors is presented. The structure of this article is based on the different substrate material categorizations. Moreover, the development trend of microfluidics-based impedance biosensors is discussed, along with difficulties and challenges that may be encountered in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shih Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ching Pai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Jungmok Seo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kin Fong Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
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3
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Ebrahimi G, Samadi Pakchin P, Shamloo A, Mota A, de la Guardia M, Omidian H, Omidi Y. Label-free electrochemical microfluidic biosensors: futuristic point-of-care analytical devices for monitoring diseases. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:252. [PMID: 35687204 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05316-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The integration of microfluidics with electrochemical analysis has resulted in the development of single miniaturized detection systems, which allows the precise control of sample volume with multianalyte detection capability in a cost- and time-effective manner. Microfluidic electrochemical sensing devices (MESDs) can potentially serve as precise sensing and monitoring systems for the detection of molecular markers in various detrimental diseases. MESDs offer several advantages, including (i) automated sample preparation and detection, (ii) low sample and reagent requirement, (iii) detection of multianalyte in a single run, (iv) multiplex analysis in a single integrated device, and (v) portability with simplicity in application and disposability. Label-free MESDs can serve an affordable real-time detection with a simple analysis in a short processing time, providing point-of-care diagnosis/detection possibilities in precision medicine, and environmental analysis. In the current review, we elaborate on label-free microfluidic biosensors, provide comprehensive insights into electrochemical detection techniques, and discuss the principles of label-free microfluidic-based sensing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Ebrahimi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Samadi Pakchin
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Shamloo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mota
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Omidian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA.
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4
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Yang Z, Li W, Huang H, Ren S, Men Y, Li F, Yu X, Luo Q. Detection of serum phospholipids by microchannel-integrated black phosphorus-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Talanta 2022; 237:122978. [PMID: 34736700 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) has been widely applied in the analysis of phospholipids in biological samples. However, it remains a challenge to improve the sensitivity and reproducibility and to control the background noise of matrices. In this study, black phosphorus nanomaterial was used as the matrix of MALDI-MS, and microchannel technique was combined. This microchannel-integrated black phosphorus-assisted laser desorption/ionization (BPALDI) MS approach can effectively detect a variety of lipids with a small amount of sample, and has high sensitivity for phosphatidylcholines (PC) and lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC) with a detection limit of 0.2 μg/mL. Compared with traditional matrices, BPALDI-MS has the advantages of high sensitivity, good reproducibility, and high salt tolerance. This method was successfully applied in the detection of serum PC/LPC ratios in children patients with asthma or bronchopneumonia. This work provides a novel application of black phosphorus matrix and microchannel technique, and gives new insights into method development of rapid screening and identification of disease indicators in biological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Yang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenbo Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Single-molecule Detection and Instrument Development, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Songlei Ren
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yongfan Men
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Fang Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Single-molecule Detection and Instrument Development, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Single-molecule Detection and Instrument Development, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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5
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Kim S, Song H, Ahn H, Kim T, Jung J, Cho SK, Shin DM, Choi JR, Hwang YH, Kim K. A Review of Advanced Impedance Biosensors with Microfluidic Chips for Single-Cell Analysis. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:412. [PMID: 34821628 PMCID: PMC8615569 DOI: 10.3390/bios11110412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Electrical impedance biosensors combined with microfluidic devices can be used to analyze fundamental biological processes for high-throughput analysis at the single-cell scale. These specialized analytical tools can determine the effectiveness and toxicity of drugs with high sensitivity and demonstrate biological functions on a single-cell scale. Because the various parameters of the cells can be measured depending on methods of single-cell trapping, technological development ultimately determine the efficiency and performance of the sensors. Identifying the latest trends in single-cell trapping technologies afford opportunities such as new structural design and combination with other technologies. This will lead to more advanced applications towards improving measurement sensitivity to the desired target. In this review, we examined the basic principles of impedance sensors and their applications in various biological fields. In the next step, we introduced the latest trend of microfluidic chip technology for trapping single cells and summarized the important findings on the characteristics of single cells in impedance biosensor systems that successfully trapped single cells. This is expected to be used as a leading technology in cell biology, pathology, and pharmacological fields, promoting the further understanding of complex functions and mechanisms within individual cells with numerous data sampling and accurate analysis capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojung Kim
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (T.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Hyerin Song
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (T.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Heesang Ahn
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (T.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Taeyeon Kim
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (T.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Jihyun Jung
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (T.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Soo Kyung Cho
- Division of Nano Convergence Technology, Pusan National University (PNU), Miryang 50463, Korea;
| | - Dong-Myeong Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Jong-ryul Choi
- Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu 41061, Korea;
| | - Yoon-Hwae Hwang
- Department of Nano Energy Engineering, Pusan National University (PNU), Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Kyujung Kim
- Departments of Congo-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (S.K.); (H.S.); (H.A.); (T.K.); (J.J.)
- Department of Optics and Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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6
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Miranda B, Rea I, Dardano P, De Stefano L, Forestiere C. Recent Advances in the Fabrication and Functionalization of Flexible Optical Biosensors: Toward Smart Life-Sciences Applications. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11040107. [PMID: 33916580 PMCID: PMC8066870 DOI: 10.3390/bios11040107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 30 years, optical biosensors based on nanostructured materials have obtained increasing interest since they allow the screening of a wide variety of biomolecules with high specificity, low limits of detection, and great sensitivity. Among them, flexible optical platforms have the advantage of adapting to non-planar surfaces, suitable for in vivo and real-time monitoring of diseases and assessment of food safety. In this review, we summarize the newest and most advanced platforms coupling optically active materials (noble metal nanoparticles) and flexible substrates giving rise to hybrid nanomaterials and/or nanocomposites, whose performances are comparable to the ones obtained with hard substrates (e.g., glass and semiconductors). We focus on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)-based and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based biosensors. We show that large-scale, cost-effective plasmonic platforms can be realized with the currently available techniques and we emphasize the open issues associated with this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Miranda
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, Unit of Naples, National Research Council, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (B.M.); (I.R.); (P.D.)
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Ilaria Rea
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, Unit of Naples, National Research Council, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (B.M.); (I.R.); (P.D.)
| | - Principia Dardano
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, Unit of Naples, National Research Council, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (B.M.); (I.R.); (P.D.)
| | - Luca De Stefano
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, Unit of Naples, National Research Council, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (B.M.); (I.R.); (P.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Carlo Forestiere
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy;
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7
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Jiang J, Wu H, Su Y, Liang Y, Shu B, Zhang C. Electrochemical Cloth-Based DNA Sensors (ECDSs): A New Class of Electrochemical Gene Sensors. Anal Chem 2020; 92:7708-7716. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Hongyang Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yan Su
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yi Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Bowen Shu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Chunsun Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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8
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Zorea J, Shukla RP, Elkabets M, Ben-Yoav H. Probing antibody surface density and analyte antigen incubation time as dominant parameters influencing the antibody-antigen recognition events of a non-faradaic and diffusion-restricted electrochemical immunosensor. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:1709-1717. [PMID: 31996962 PMCID: PMC7026205 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02417-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical sensors based on antibody-antigen recognition events are commonly used for the rapid, label-free, and sensitive detection of various analytes. However, various parameters at the bioelectronic interface, i.e., before and after the probe (such as an antibody) assembly onto the electrode, have a dominant influence on the underlying detection performance of analytes (such as an antigen). In this work, we thoroughly investigate the dependence of the bioelectronic interface characteristics on parameters that have not been investigated in depth: the antibody density on the electrode’s surface and the antigen incubation time. For this important aim, we utilized the sensitive non-faradaic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method. We showed that as the incubation time of the antigen-containing drop solution increased, a decrease was observed in both the solution resistance and the diffusional resistance with reflecting boundary elements, as well as the capacitive magnitude of a constant phase element, which decreased at a rate of 160 ± 30 kΩ/min, 800 ± 100 mΩ/min, and 520 ± 80 pF × s(α-1)/min, respectively. Using atomic force microscopy, we also showed that high antibody density led to thicker electrode coating than low antibody density, with root-mean-square roughness values of 2.2 ± 0.2 nm versus 1.28 ± 0.04 nm, respectively. Furthermore, we showed that as the antigen accumulated onto the electrode, the solution resistance increased for high antibody density and decreased for low antibody density. Finally, the antigen detection performance test yielded a better limit of detection for low antibody density than for high antibody density (0.26 μM vs 2.2 μM). Overall, we show here the importance of these two factors and how changing one parameter can drastically affect the desired outcome. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Zorea
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Nanobioelectronics Laboratory (NBEL), Department of Biomedical Engineering and Ilse Katz Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Rajendra P Shukla
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory (NBEL), Department of Biomedical Engineering and Ilse Katz Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Moshe Elkabets
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Hadar Ben-Yoav
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory (NBEL), Department of Biomedical Engineering and Ilse Katz Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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9
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Leung CH, Wu KJ, Li G, Wu C, Ko CN, Ma DL. Application of label-free techniques in microfluidic for biomolecules detection and circulating tumor cells analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
Sensitive and specific DNA biomarker detection is critical for accurately diagnosing a broad range of clinical conditions. However, the incorporation of such biosensing structures in integrated microfluidic devices is often complicated by the need for an additional labelling step to be implemented on the device. In this review we focused on presenting recent advances in label-free DNA biosensor technology, with a particular focus on microfluidic integrated devices. The key biosensing approaches miniaturized in flow-cell structures were presented, followed by more sophisticated microfluidic devices and higher integration examples in the literature. The option of full DNA sequencing on microfluidic chips via nanopore technology was highlighted, along with current developments in the commercialization of microfluidic, label-free DNA detection devices.
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11
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Pandey CM, Augustine S, Kumar S, Kumar S, Nara S, Srivastava S, Malhotra BD. Microfluidics Based Point-of-Care Diagnostics. Biotechnol J 2017; 13. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandra M. Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology; Delhi Technological University; Shahbad Daulatpur Delhi India
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Delhi Technological University; Shahbad Daulatpur Delhi India
| | - Shine Augustine
- Department of Biotechnology; Delhi Technological University; Shahbad Daulatpur Delhi India
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology; Delhi Technological University; Shahbad Daulatpur Delhi India
| | - Suveen Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology; Delhi Technological University; Shahbad Daulatpur Delhi India
| | - Sharda Nara
- Department of Biotechnology; Delhi Technological University; Shahbad Daulatpur Delhi India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology; Delhi Technological University; Shahbad Daulatpur Delhi India
- Department of Applied Physics; Delhi Technological University; Shahbad Daulatpur Delhi India
| | - Bansi D. Malhotra
- Department of Biotechnology; Delhi Technological University; Shahbad Daulatpur Delhi India
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12
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Vanegas DC, Gomes CL, Cavallaro ND, Giraldo‐Escobar D, McLamore ES. Emerging Biorecognition and Transduction Schemes for Rapid Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria in Food. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2017; 16:1188-1205. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana C. Vanegas
- Food Engineering Univ. del Valle 338 Ciudad Universitaria Meléndez Cali Colombia
| | - Carmen L. Gomes
- Biological & Agricultural Engineering Texas A&M Univ. 2117 TAMU, Scoates Hall 201 College Station TX 77843 U.S.A
| | - Nicholas D. Cavallaro
- Agricultural & Biological Engineering Univ. of Florida 1741 Museum Rd Gainesville FL 32606 U.S.A
| | | | - Eric S. McLamore
- Agricultural & Biological Engineering Univ. of Florida 1741 Museum Rd Gainesville FL 32606 U.S.A
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13
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Zafarani HR, Mathwig K, Sudhölter EJR, Rassaei L. Electrochemical Amplification in Side-by-Side Attoliter Nanogap Transducers. ACS Sens 2017; 2:724-728. [PMID: 28670622 PMCID: PMC5485373 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a strategy for the fabrication of a new type of electrochemical nanogap transducer. These nanogap devices are based on signal amplification by redox cycling. Using two steps of electron-beam lithography, vertical gold electrodes are fabricated side by side at a 70 nm distance encompassing a 20 attoliter open nanogap volume. We demonstrate a current amplification factor of 2.5 as well as the possibility to detect the signal of only 60 analyte molecules occupying the detection volume. Experimental voltammetry results are compared to calculations from finite element analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Zafarani
- Laboratory of Organic
Materials and Interfaces, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Klaus Mathwig
- University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Analysis, P.O. Box 196, 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ernst J. R. Sudhölter
- Laboratory of Organic
Materials and Interfaces, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Liza Rassaei
- Laboratory of Organic
Materials and Interfaces, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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14
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Lin G, Makarov D, Schmidt OG. Magnetic sensing platform technologies for biomedical applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1884-1912. [PMID: 28485417 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00026j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Detection and quantification of a variety of micro- and nanoscale entities, e.g. molecules, cells, and particles, are crucial components of modern biomedical research, in which biosensing platform technologies play a vital role. Confronted with the drastic global demographic changes, future biomedical research entails continuous development of new-generation biosensing platforms targeting even lower costs, more compactness, and higher throughput, sensitivity and selectivity. Among a wide choice of fundamental biosensing principles, magnetic sensing technologies enabled by magnetic field sensors and magnetic particles offer attractive advantages. The key features of a magnetic sensing format include the use of commercially available magnetic field sensing elements, e.g. magnetoresistive sensors which bear huge potential for compact integration, a magnetic field sensing mechanism which is free from interference by complex biomedical samples, and an additional degree of freedom for the on-chip handling of biochemical species rendered by magnetic labels. In this review, we highlight the historical basis, routes, recent advances and applications of magnetic biosensing platform technologies based on magnetoresistive sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gungun Lin
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, Helmholzstr. 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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15
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Ben-Yoav H, Dykstra PH, Bentley WE, Ghodssi R. Microfluidic Arrayed Lab-On-A-Chip for Electrochemical Capacitive Detection of DNA Hybridization Events. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1572:71-88. [PMID: 28299682 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6911-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic electrochemical lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device for DNA hybridization detection has been developed. The device comprises a 3 × 3 array of microelectrodes integrated with a dual layer microfluidic valved manipulation system that provides controlled and automated capabilities for high throughput analysis of microliter volume samples. The surface of the microelectrodes is functionalized with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probes which enable specific detection of complementary ssDNA targets. These targets are detected by a capacitive technique which measures dielectric variation at the microelectrode-electrolyte interface due to DNA hybridization events. A quantitative analysis of the hybridization events is carried out based on a sensing modeling that includes detailed analysis of energy storage and dissipation components. By calculating these components during hybridization events the device is able to demonstrate specific and dose response sensing characteristics. The developed microfluidic LOC for DNA hybridization detection offers a technology for real-time and label-free assessment of genetic markers outside of laboratory settings, such as at the point-of-care or in-field environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Ben-Yoav
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 8410501, Israel.
| | - Peter H Dykstra
- MEMS Sensors and Actuators Laboratory (MSAL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - William E Bentley
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Reza Ghodssi
- MEMS Sensors and Actuators Laboratory (MSAL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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16
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Selmi M, Gazzah MH, Belmabrouk H. Numerical Study of the Electrothermal Effect on the Kinetic Reaction of Immunoassays for a Microfluidic Biosensor. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:13305-13312. [PMID: 27993020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we simulate the binding reaction of C-reactive protein in a microchannel of a biosensor. A problem that arises in this device concerns the transport of the analyte toward the reaction surface of the biosensor, which is of a very small dimension. The limitation of mass transport causes the formation of a diffusion boundary layer and restrains the whole kinetic reaction. To enhance the performance of the biosensor by improving the transport, an applied AC electric field and flow confinement are used to stir the flow field. The numerical simulation of these mechanisms on the binding reaction is performed using the finite element method. Swirling patterns are generated in the fluid. They enhance the transport of the analyte and confine it near the reaction surface. The location of the electrode pair on the walls of the microchannel for the design of the biosensor has been studied to find out the effects of varying geometric configurations on the binding efficiency. The best performances of the biosensor are obtained when the electrodes are placed on the same wall of the microchannel as the reaction surface. For the best case, under the effect of the applied electric field alone, the enhancement factors raise up to 2.46 and 2.10 for the association and dissociation phases, respectively. By contrast, under the effect of the electric field with flow confinement, the enhancement factors for the association and the dissociation phases jump to 3.43 and 2.97, respectively, for 30:1 flow confinement (ratio of confining to sample flow).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Selmi
- Laboratory of Electronics and Microelectronics, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir , Environment Boulevard, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
- Department of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University , Al Majma'ah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hichem Gazzah
- Laboratory of Electronics and Microelectronics, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir , Environment Boulevard, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
| | - Hafedh Belmabrouk
- Laboratory of Electronics and Microelectronics, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir , Environment Boulevard, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
- Department of Physics, College of Science AlZulfi, Majmaah University , Al Zulfi 11932, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Birkholz M, Glogener P, Glös F, Basmer T, Theuer L. Continuously Operating Biosensor and Its Integration into a Hermetically Sealed Medical Implant. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:mi7100183. [PMID: 30404356 PMCID: PMC6190112 DOI: 10.3390/mi7100183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
An integration concept for an implantable biosensor for the continuous monitoring of blood sugar levels is presented. The system architecture is based on technical modules used in cardiovascular implants in order to minimize legal certification efforts for its perspective usage in medical applications. The sensor chip operates via the principle of affinity viscometry, which is realized by a fully embedded biomedical microelectromechanical systems (BioMEMS) prepared in 0.25-µm complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)/BiCMOS technology. Communication with a base station is established in the 402–405 MHz band used for medical implant communication services (MICS). The implant shall operate within the interstitial tissue, and the hermetical sealing of the electronic system against interaction with the body fluid is established using titanium housing. Only the sensor chip and the antenna are encapsulated in an epoxy header closely connected to the metallic housing. The study demonstrates that biosensor implants for the sensing of low-molecular-weight metabolites in the interstitial may successfully rely on components already established in cardiovascular implantology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Birkholz
- IHP, Im Technologiepark 25, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany.
| | - Paul Glogener
- IHP, Im Technologiepark 25, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany.
| | - Franziska Glös
- IHP, Im Technologiepark 25, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany.
| | - Thomas Basmer
- IHP, Im Technologiepark 25, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany.
| | - Lorenz Theuer
- Department of Biotechnology, Technical University Berlin, ACK24, Ackerstr. 76, 13355 Berlin, Germany.
- Acreo Swedish ICT AB, Box 787, SE-60117 Norrköping, Sweden.
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18
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Lee T, Kim TH, Yoon J, Chung YH, Lee JY, Choi JW. Investigation of Hemoglobin/Gold Nanoparticle Heterolayer on Micro-Gap for Electrochemical Biosensor Application. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16050660. [PMID: 27171089 PMCID: PMC4883351 DOI: 10.3390/s16050660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we fabricated a hemoglobin/gold nanoparticle (Hb/GNP) heterolayer immobilized on the Au micro-gap to confirm H2O2 detection with a signal-enhancement effect. The hemoglobin which contained the heme group catalyzed the reduction of H2O2. To facilitate the electron transfer between hemoglobin and Au micro-gap electrode, a gold nanoparticle was introduced. The Au micro-gap electrode that has gap size of 5 µm was fabricated by conventional photolithographic technique to locate working and counter electrodes oppositely in a single chip for the signal sensitivity and reliability. The hemoglobin was self-assembled onto the Au surface via chemical linker 6-mercaptohexanoic acid (6-MHA). Then, the gold nanoparticles were adsorbed onto hemoglobin/6-MHA heterolayers by the layer-by-layer (LbL) method. The fabrication of the Hb/GNP heterolayer was confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The redox property and H2O2 detection of Hb/GNP on the micro-gap electrode was investigated by a cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiment. Taken together, the present results show that the electrochemical signal-enhancement effect of a hemoglobin/nanoparticle heterolayer was well confirmed on the micro-scale electrode for biosensor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taek Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro (Sinsu-dong), Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, Korea.
- Research Center for Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro (Sinsu-dong), Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, Korea.
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
| | - Jinho Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro (Sinsu-dong), Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, Korea.
| | - Yong-Ho Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hoseo University, 20, Hoseo-ro 79beon-gil, Baebang-Eup, Asan City, Chungnam 336-795, Korea.
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro (Sinsu-dong), Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, Korea.
- Research Center for Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro (Sinsu-dong), Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, Korea.
| | - Jeong-Woo Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro (Sinsu-dong), Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, Korea.
- Research Center for Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro (Sinsu-dong), Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, Korea.
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19
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Lafleur JP, Jönsson A, Senkbeil S, Kutter JP. Recent advances in lab-on-a-chip for biosensing applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 76:213-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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20
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Zribi B, Roy E, Pallandre A, Chebil S, Koubaa M, Mejri N, Magdinier Gomez H, Sola C, Korri-Youssoufi H, Haghiri-Gosnet AM. A microfluidic electrochemical biosensor based on multiwall carbon nanotube/ferrocene for genomic DNA detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical isolates. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2016; 10:014115. [PMID: 26865908 PMCID: PMC4744232 DOI: 10.1063/1.4940887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Herein we present a microfluidic-multiplexed platform that integrates electrochemical sensors based on carbon nanotubes associated with ferrocene as redox marker (carbon nanotube (CNT)/ferrocene) for direct detection of pathogenic viral DNA from Hepatitis C and genomic DNA from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical isolates. By operating the fluidic device under high flow (150 μl/min), the formation of a very thin depletion layer at the sensor surface (δS = 230 nm) enhances the capture rate up to one DNA strand per second. By comparison, this capture rate is only 0.02 molecule/s in a static regime without flow. This fluidic protocol allows thus enhancing the limit of detection of the electrochemical biosensor from picomolar in bulk solution to femtomolar with a large dynamic range from 0.1 fM to 1 pM. Kinetics analysis also demonstrates an enhancement of the rate constant of electron transfer (kS) of the electrochemical process from 1 s(-1) up to 6 s(-1) thanks to the geometry of the miniaturized fluidic electrochemical cell. This microfluidic device working under high flow allows selective direct detection of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv) rpoB allele from clinical isolate extracted DNA. We envision that a microfluidic approach under high flow associated with a multiwall CNT/ferrocene sensor could find useful applications as the point-of-care for multi-target diagnostics of biomarkers in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E Roy
- Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures (LPN), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay , route de Nozay, F-91460 Marcoussis, France
| | | | - S Chebil
- Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures (LPN), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay , route de Nozay, F-91460 Marcoussis, France
| | - M Koubaa
- Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux, LPM FSS, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax , Sfax, Tunisia
| | - N Mejri
- Université Paris-Saclay , UMR-CNRS 8182, Institue de Chimie Moléculaires et Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), Equipe de Chimie Bioorganique et Bioinorganique (ECBB), Bâtiment 420, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - H Magdinier Gomez
- UMR-CNRS 9198, Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay , Bat 400, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - C Sola
- UMR-CNRS 9198, Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay , Bat 400, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Korri-Youssoufi
- Université Paris-Saclay , UMR-CNRS 8182, Institue de Chimie Moléculaires et Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), Equipe de Chimie Bioorganique et Bioinorganique (ECBB), Bâtiment 420, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - A-M Haghiri-Gosnet
- Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures (LPN), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay , route de Nozay, F-91460 Marcoussis, France
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21
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Spin-coated Au-nanohole arrays engineered by nanosphere lithography for a Staphylococcus aureus 16S rRNA electrochemical sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 77:1086-94. [PMID: 26556186 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.10.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The nanopatterning of gold nanoparticle (AuNP) arrays on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode using efficient and low-cost methods is described. This process used nanosphere lithography (NSL) encompassing the deposition of monolayered Polystyrene (PS) followed by a convective self-assembly drop coating protocol onto the ITO substrate that further acted as the mask after the AuNP assembly. The results showed that spin-coating allowed AuNPs to follow the contour and adhere to the PS nanospheres. The final products, after etching the PS, generated a highly ordered Au-nanohole array on an ITO substrate. The Au-nanohole arrays on the ITO electrode provided a greater surface area and successfully enhanced the peak current of electrochemical measurements by 82% compared with bare ITO and was used to detect Staphylococcus aureus 16S rRNA hybridization. In contrast to non-templated AuNP structures, the Au-nanohole arrays on the ITO electrode contributed to an optimum sensitivity improvement in DNA hybridization detection by 23%, along with an impressive limit of detection (LOD) of 10 pM. The high specificity of this distinguished structure was also achieved in the hybridization measurements of multi-analyte pathogens. These findings indicate that the combination of PS nanosphere lithography, followed by the spin-coating of AuNPs, leads to an inexpensive and simple engineering process that effectively generates uniform Au-nanohole arrays on ITO, which provides a greater surface area to optimize the electrochemical performance of the DNA biosensor.
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22
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Bernacka-Wojcik I, Águas H, Carlos FF, Lopes P, Wojcik PJ, Costa MN, Veigas B, Igreja R, Fortunato E, Baptista PV, Martins R. Single nucleotide polymorphism detection using gold nanoprobes and bio-microfluidic platform with embedded microlenses. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:1210-9. [PMID: 25765286 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The use of microfluidics platforms combined with the optimal optical properties of gold nanoparticles has found plenty of application in molecular biosensing. This paper describes a bio-microfluidic platform coupled to a non-cross-linking colorimetric gold nanoprobe assay to detect a single nucleotide polymorphism associated with increased risk of obesity fat-mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs9939609 (Carlos et al., 2014). The system enabled significant discrimination between positive and negative assays using a target DNA concentration of 5 ng/µL below the limit of detection of the conventionally used microplate reader (i.e., 15 ng/µL) with 10 times lower solution volume (i.e., 3 µL). A set of optimization of our previously reported bio-microfluidic platform (Bernacka-Wojcik et al., 2013) resulted in a 160% improvement of colorimetric analysis results. Incorporation of planar microlenses increased 6 times signal-to-loss ratio reaching the output optical fiber improving by 34% the colorimetric analysis of gold nanoparticles, while the implementation of an optoelectronic acquisition system yielded increased accuracy and reduced noise. The microfluidic chip was also integrated with a miniature fiber spectrometer to analyze the assays' colorimetric changes and also the LEDs transmission spectra when illuminating through various solutions. Furthermore, by coupling an optical microscope to a digital camera with a long exposure time (30 s), we could visualise the different scatter intensities of gold nanoparticles within channels following salt addition. These intensities correlate well to the expected difference in aggregation between FTO positive (none to small aggregates) and negative samples (large aggregates).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Bernacka-Wojcik
- Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, CENIMAT/I3N, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal.
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23
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Au nanoparticles enhanced fluorescence detection of DNA hybridization in picoliter microfluidic droplets. Biomed Microdevices 2014; 16:479-85. [PMID: 24599582 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-014-9850-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This work reports a facile microfluidic device for Au-nanoparticle enhanced fluorescence detection of tiny amount of nucleotides within droplets in a high-throughput way. Droplets containing single strand DNA probe and relevant complementary strands DNA(cDNA) are generated in flow-focusing manner and the hybridization between them is realized in droplets flowing along a long serpentine channel. In order to find the optimal experimental condition, finite element method simulation is used to predict the interface evolution between the two phase liquids. Based on the fluorescence emited by intercalator reacted with the generated double-strand DNA(dsDNA), the target cDNA with a concentration of 1nM can be detected in droplets. And when we adopt Au nanoparticles to immobilize DNA probe which can amplify the fluorescence intensity, 10pM completary DNA could be detected. Due to the advantages in high-throughput and compartmentalization of this droplet platform, the detection procedure can be finished in 3 h. Our method shows good potential application in facile, sensitive, low cost and fast DNA detection for applications in personal health care.
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24
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Ben-Yoav H, Dykstra PH, Bentley WE, Ghodssi R. A controlled microfluidic electrochemical lab-on-a-chip for label-free diffusion-restricted DNA hybridization analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 64:579-85. [PMID: 25310492 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices for electrochemical analysis of DNA hybridization events offer a technology for real-time and label-free assessment of biomarkers at the point-of-care. Here, we present a microfluidic LOC, with 3 × 3 arrayed electrochemical sensors for the analysis of DNA hybridization events. A new dual layer microfluidic valved manipulation system is integrated providing controlled and automated capabilities for high throughput analysis. This feature improves the repeatability, accuracy, and overall sensing performance (Fig. 1). The electrochemical activity of the fabricated microfluidic device is validated and demonstrated repeatable and reversible Nernstian characteristics. System design required detailed analysis of energy storage and dissipation as our sensing modeling involves diffusion-related electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The effect of DNA hybridization on the calculated charge transfer resistance and the diffusional resistance components is evaluated. We demonstrate a specific device with an average cross-reactivity value of 27.5%. The device yields semilogarithmic dose response and enables a theoretical detection limit of 1 nM of complementary ssDNA target. This limit is lower than our previously reported non-valved device by 74% due to on-chip valve integration providing controlled and accurate assay capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Ben-Yoav
- MEMS Sensors and Actuators Laboratory (MSAL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Peter H Dykstra
- MEMS Sensors and Actuators Laboratory (MSAL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - William E Bentley
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Reza Ghodssi
- MEMS Sensors and Actuators Laboratory (MSAL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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25
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Ben-Yoav H, Dykstra PH, Gordonov T, Bentley WE, Ghodssi R. A microfluidic-based electrochemical biochip for label-free DNA hybridization analysis. J Vis Exp 2014:51797. [PMID: 25285529 PMCID: PMC4828060 DOI: 10.3791/51797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Miniaturization of analytical benchtop procedures into the micro-scale provides significant advantages in regards to reaction time, cost, and integration of pre-processing steps. Utilizing these devices towards the analysis of DNA hybridization events is important because it offers a technology for real time assessment of biomarkers at the point-of-care for various diseases. However, when the device footprint decreases the dominance of various physical phenomena increases. These phenomena influence the fabrication precision and operation reliability of the device. Therefore, there is a great need to accurately fabricate and operate these devices in a reproducible manner in order to improve the overall performance. Here, we describe the protocols and the methods used for the fabrication and the operation of a microfluidic-based electrochemical biochip for accurate analysis of DNA hybridization events. The biochip is composed of two parts: a microfluidic chip with three parallel micro-channels made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and a 3 x 3 arrayed electrochemical micro-chip. The DNA hybridization events are detected using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis. The EIS analysis enables monitoring variations of the properties of the electrochemical system that are dominant at these length scales. With the ability to monitor changes of both charge transfer and diffusional resistance with the biosensor, we demonstrate the selectivity to complementary ssDNA targets, a calculated detection limit of 3.8 nM, and a 13% cross-reactivity with other non-complementary ssDNA following 20 min of incubation. This methodology can improve the performance of miniaturized devices by elucidating on the behavior of diffusion at the micro-scale regime and by enabling the study of DNA hybridization events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Ben-Yoav
- MEMS Sensors and Actuators Laboratory (MSAL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland;
| | - Peter H Dykstra
- MEMS Sensors and Actuators Laboratory (MSAL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland
| | - Tanya Gordonov
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland
| | - William E Bentley
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland
| | - Reza Ghodssi
- MEMS Sensors and Actuators Laboratory (MSAL), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland
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26
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Dimaki M, Vergani M, Heiskanen A, Kwasny D, Sasso L, Carminati M, Gerrard JA, Emneus J, Svendsen WE. A compact microelectrode array chip with multiple measuring sites for electrochemical applications. SENSORS 2014; 14:9505-21. [PMID: 24878592 PMCID: PMC4118406 DOI: 10.3390/s140609505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we demonstrate the fabrication and electrochemical characterization of a microchip with 12 identical but individually addressable electrochemical measuring sites, each consisting of a set of interdigitated electrodes acting as a working electrode as well as two circular electrodes functioning as a counter and reference electrode in close proximity. The electrodes are made of gold on a silicon oxide substrate and are passivated by a silicon nitride membrane. A method for avoiding the creation of high edges at the electrodes (known as lift-off ears) is presented. The microchip design is highly symmetric to accommodate easy electronic integration and provides space for microfluidic inlets and outlets for integrated custom-made microfluidic systems on top.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dimaki
- DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Oersteds Plads, Bldg 345E, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Marco Vergani
- Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Arto Heiskanen
- DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Oersteds Plads, Bldg 345E, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Dorota Kwasny
- DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Oersteds Plads, Bldg 345E, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Luigi Sasso
- DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Oersteds Plads, Bldg 345E, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Marco Carminati
- Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Juliet A Gerrard
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Biomolecular Interaction Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
| | - Jenny Emneus
- DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Oersteds Plads, Bldg 345E, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Winnie E Svendsen
- DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Oersteds Plads, Bldg 345E, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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27
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Mahmoud AM, Tang T, Harrison DJ, Lee WE, Jemere AB. A regenerating self-assembled gold nanoparticle-containing electrochemical impedance sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 56:328-33. [PMID: 24530834 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We report on the development of an electrochemical reductive desorption protocol for repeated regeneration of gold electrodes modified with multi-layers of self-assembled surfaces for use in electrochemical sensing. The gold electrodes were first modified with 1,6-hexanedithiol to which gold nanoparticles were attached in a subsequent modification step. Attachment of thiolated single-stranded nucleic acid oligomers to the gold nanoparticles completed the electrochemical sensor. The changes of electrode behavior after each assembly and desorption processes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. The self-assembled sensor showed a wide dynamic range (0.1-100 nM), a low detection limit (20 pM) and high reproducibility (4.4% RSD) for complementary nucleic acid target molecules, along with reusability. On a single gold electrode, the complete sensor-target structure could be assembled and disassembled at least four times with 90% of its original signal intact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr M Mahmoud
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Thompson Tang
- Defence Research & Development Canada-Suffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat, AB, Canada T1A 8K6
| | - D Jed Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2; National Institute for Nanotechnology, National Research Council Canada, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2M9
| | - William E Lee
- Defence Research & Development Canada-Suffield Research Centre, Medicine Hat, AB, Canada T1A 8K6
| | - Abebaw B Jemere
- National Institute for Nanotechnology, National Research Council Canada, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2M9.
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Label-free electrochemical immunoassay for ultrasensitive detection of norethindrone. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-013-1017-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Hamon M, Hong JW. New tools and new biology: recent miniaturized systems for molecular and cellular biology. Mol Cells 2013; 36:485-506. [PMID: 24305843 PMCID: PMC3887968 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-0333-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in applied physics and chemistry have led to the development of novel microfluidic systems. Microfluidic systems allow minute amounts of reagents to be processed using μm-scale channels and offer several advantages over conventional analytical devices for use in biological sciences: faster, more accurate and more reproducible analytical performance, reduced cell and reagent consumption, portability, and integration of functional components in a single chip. In this review, we introduce how microfluidics has been applied to biological sciences. We first present an overview of the fabrication of microfluidic systems and describe the distinct technologies available for biological research. We then present examples of microsystems used in biological sciences, focusing on applications in molecular and cellular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Hamon
- Materials Research and Education Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849,
USA
| | - Jong Wook Hong
- Materials Research and Education Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849,
USA
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-741,
Korea
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791,
Korea
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30
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Bernacka-Wojcik I, Lopes P, Catarina Vaz A, Veigas B, Jerzy Wojcik P, Simões P, Barata D, Fortunato E, Viana Baptista P, Águas H, Martins R. Bio-microfluidic platform for gold nanoprobe based DNA detection—application to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 48:87-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.03.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ben-Yoav H, Winkler TE, Kim E, Kelly DL, Payne GF, Ghodssi R. Catechol-modified Chitosan System as a Bio-amplifier for Schizophrenia Treatment Analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1557/opl.2013.879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTClozapine remains the most effective antipsychotic for management of schizophrenia, one of the most challenging mental disorders. Yet, this medication is underutilized due to the frequent blood draws associated with monitoring adverse side effects and maintaining effective drug levels in the body. Lab-on-a-chip (LOC)-based diagnostics at the point-of-care could decrease the burden on patients and doctors, enable personalized medicine, and improve treatment outcomes. Towards that goal, we present the development of an electrochemically active biomaterial probe to facilitate monitoring of clozapine as part of patient’s treatment regimen. The probe consists of the naturally derived polymer chitosan modified with catechol to provide a redox capacitor system, allowing for significant amplification. We demonstrate a 3- fold increase of the electrochemical signal generated by clozapine with the catechol-modified chitosan system over bare gold electrodes. The improved signal-to-noise ratio and overall performance of the bio-amplifier yield a detection limit below 1 μM, thus sufficient for the clinically relevant range of 1–3 μM. We further characterize the robustness of the biomaterial system with respect to re-use and storage, and demonstrate retention of its amplification characteristics when implemented on an electrochemical microchip. Our results align well with the clinical requirements and represent a critical first step in developing a point-of-care device for improved and personalized schizophrenia treatment.
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SadAbadi H, Badilescu S, Packirisamy M, Wüthrich R. Integration of gold nanoparticles in PDMS microfluidics for lab-on-a-chip plasmonic biosensing of growth hormones. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 44:77-84. [PMID: 23395726 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles were synthesized in a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic chip by using an in-situ method, on the basis of reductive properties of the cross-linking agent of PDMS. The proposed integrated device was further used as a sensitive and low-cost LSPR-based biosensor for the detection of polypeptides. Synthesis of nanoparticles in the microfluidic environment resulted in improvement of size distribution with only 8% variation, compared with the macro-environment that yields about 67% variation in size. The chemical kinetics of the in-situ reaction in the microfluidic environment was studied in detail and compared with the reaction carried out at the macro-scale. The effect of temperature and gold precursor concentration on the kinetics of the reaction was investigated and the apparent activation energy was estimated to be Ea*=30 kJ/mol. The sensitivity test revealed that the proposed sensor has a high sensitivity of 74 nm/RIU to the surrounding medium. The sensing of bovine growth hormone also known as bovine somatotropin (bST) shows that the proposed biosensor can reach a detection limit of as low as 3.7 ng/ml (185 pM). The results demonstrate the successful integration of microfluidics and nanoparticles which provides a potential alternative for protein detection in clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid SadAbadi
- Optical-Bio Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Srivastava S, Ali MA, Solanki PR, Chavhan PM, Pandey MK, Mulchandani A, Srivastava A, Malhotra BD. Mediator-free microfluidics biosensor based on titania–zirconia nanocomposite for urea detection. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21461j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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