1
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Chen Y, Chen Y, Yi HC, Gu HW, Yin XL, Xiang DL, Zou P. An electrochemical and colorimetric dual-mode aptasensor for Staphylococcus aureus based on a multifunctional MOF and magnetic separation technique. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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2
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Devadas B, Periasamy AP, Bouzek K. A review on poly(amidoamine) dendrimer encapsulated nanoparticles synthesis and usage in energy conversion and storage applications. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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3
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Zhang X, Zhu M, Jiang Y, Wang X, Guo Z, Shi J, Zou X, Han E. Simple electrochemical sensing for mercury ions in dairy product using optimal Cu 2+-based metal-organic frameworks as signal reporting. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 400:123222. [PMID: 32590133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A convenient sensor is developed for electrochemical assay of Hg2+ in dairy product using the optimal Cu2+-based metal-organic frameworks (Cu-MOFs) as signal reporting. Benefiting from specific recognition between Hg2+ and thymine (T)-rich DNA strands, the interferences of milk matrices are effectively eliminated, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of test results. Moreover, the suitable Cu-MOFs offer an efficient carrier for probe design, and the contained Cu2+ ions could be directly detected to output electrochemical signal of Hg2+ presence without labor- or time-intensive operations. Compared with previous methods, this sensor substantially simplifies the process of electrochemical measurement and facilitates highly sensitive, selective and rapid analysis of Hg2+ with detection limit of 4.8 fM, offering a valuable means for monitoring dairy product contamination with Hg2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinai Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Minchen Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Yanjuan Jiang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Jiyong Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - En Han
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
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4
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Chen Y, Meng XZ, Gu HW, Yi HC, Sun WY. A dual-response biosensor for electrochemical and glucometer detection of DNA methyltransferase activity based on functionalized metal-organic framework amplification. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 134:117-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Jin X, Zhou L, Zhu B, Jiang X, Zhu N. Silver-dendrimer nanocomposites as oligonucleotide labels for electrochemical stripping detection of DNA hybridization. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 107:237-243. [PMID: 29477124 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Silver-dendrimer nanocomposites were synthesized and used as oligonucleotide labels for electrochemical stripping detection of DNA hybridization. The synthesized silver-dendrimer nanocomposites were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ratios of silver/dendrimer were optimized in order to obtain stable nanocomposites with maximal silver loading in the interior of a polymeric shell. The silver-dendrimer nanocomposites were attached to sequence-known DNA probes specific to colitoxin, and used to detect probe hybridization by dissolution of the silver nanoparticles in the interior of dendrimer in a diluted nitric acid, followed by measurement of Ag+ ions by anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). Use of differential pulse voltammetry for the stripping step, along with optimization of the ASV conditions, enabled a detection limit of 0.78 pM. The present strategy, in combination with dendrimer-encapsulated copper labeled oligonucleotides probe reported previously, could potentially be used to detect single or multiple DNA targets in one sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Guilin Road 100, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Guilin Road 100, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Guilin Road 100, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Guilin Road 100, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Ningning Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Guilin Road 100, Shanghai 200234, China.
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6
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Genotyping of common EGFR mutations in lung cancer patients by electrochemical biosensor. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 150:176-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Hao Y, Zhou B, Tang Y, Yang P. Dual-functional aluminum(III)-based electrochemiluminescent detection of gene mutation. Mikrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2507-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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BAI RY, ZHANG KL, LI DL, ZHANG X, LIU TZ, LIU Y, HU R, YANG YH. Preparation of Carcinoembryonic Antigen Immunosensor Based on Au Nanoparticles Loaded-Metal-Organic Frameworks. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(16)60988-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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9
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Liu TZ, Hu R, Zhang X, Zhang KL, Liu Y, Zhang XB, Bai RY, Li D, Yang YH. Metal–Organic Framework Nanomaterials as Novel Signal Probes for Electron Transfer Mediated Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Immunoassay. Anal Chem 2016; 88:12516-12523. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Zhi Liu
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Hu
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhang
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun-Lei Zhang
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- Molecular
Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative
Innovation Center for Molecular Engineering for Theronastics, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ru-Yan Bai
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Delei Li
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun-Hui Yang
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650092, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Sun W, Mignani S, Shen M, Shi X. Dendrimer-based magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: their synthesis and biomedical applications. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1873-1885. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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11
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Xu XW, Weng XH, Wang CL, Lin WW, Liu AL, Chen W, Lin XH. Detection EGFR exon 19 status of lung cancer patients by DNA electrochemical biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 80:411-417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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12
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Karaballi RA, Nel A, Krishnan S, Blackburn J, Brosseau CL. Development of an electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SERS) aptasensor for direct detection of DNA hybridization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 17:21356-63. [PMID: 25780805 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05077k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rapid detection of disease biomarkers at the patient point-of-care is essential to timely and effective treatment. The research described herein focuses on the development of an electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SERS) DNA aptasensor capable of direct detection of tuberculosis (TB) DNA. Specifically, a plausible DNA biomarker present in TB patient urine was chosen as the model target for detection. Cost-effective screen printed electrodes (SPEs) modified with silver nanoparticles (AgNP) were used as the aptasensor platform, onto which the aptamer specific for the target DNA was immobilized. Direct detection of the target DNA was demonstrated through the appearance of SERS peaks characteristic for adenine, present only in the target strand. Modulation of the applied potential allowed for a sizeable increase in the observed SERS response and the use of thiol back-filling prevented non-specific adsorption of non-target DNA. To our knowledge, this work represents the first EC-SERS study of an aptasensor for the direct, label-free detection of DNA hybridization. Such a technology paves the way for rapid detection of disease biomarkers at the patient point-of-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Karaballi
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada.
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13
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Mejri-Omrani N, Miodek A, Zribi B, Marrakchi M, Hamdi M, Marty JL, Korri-Youssoufi H. Direct detection of OTA by impedimetric aptasensor based on modified polypyrrole-dendrimers. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 920:37-46. [PMID: 27114221 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a carcinogenic mycotoxin that contaminates food such as cereals, wine and beer; therefore it represents a risk for human health. Consequently, the allowed concentration of OTA in food is regulated by governmental organizations and its detection is of major agronomical interest. In the current study we report the development of an electrochemical aptasensor able to directly detect trace OTA without any amplification procedure. This aptasensor was constructed by coating the surface of a gold electrode with a film layer of modified polypyrrole (PPy), which was thereafter covalently bound to polyamidoamine dendrimers of the fourth generation (PAMAM G4). Finally, DNA aptamers that specifically binds OTA were covalently bound to the PAMAM G4 providing the aptasensor, which was characterized by using both Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) techniques. The study of OTA detection by the constructed electrochemical aptasensor was performed using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and revealed that the presence of OTA led to the modification of the electrical properties of the PPy layer. These modifications could be assigned to conformational changes in the folding of the aptamers upon specific binding of OTA. The aptasensor had a dynamic range of up to 5 μg L(-1) of OTA and a detection limit of 2 ng L(-1) of OTA, which is below the OTA concentration allowed in food by the European regulations. The efficient detection of OTA by this electrochemical aptasensor provides an unforeseen platform that could be used for the detection of various small molecules through specific aptamer association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawel Mejri-Omrani
- ICMMO, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe de Chimie Bio-organique et Bio-inorganique, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay, France; BAE, Université de Perpignan, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France; Université de Carthage, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT) Laboratoire d'Ecologie et de Technologie Microbiennes (LETMi), 1080 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anna Miodek
- ICMMO, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe de Chimie Bio-organique et Bio-inorganique, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Becem Zribi
- ICMMO, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe de Chimie Bio-organique et Bio-inorganique, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Mouna Marrakchi
- Université de Carthage, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT) Laboratoire d'Ecologie et de Technologie Microbiennes (LETMi), 1080 Tunis, Tunisia; Université de Tunis El Manar, Higher Institute of Applied Biological Sciences (ISSBAT), 1006 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Moktar Hamdi
- Université de Carthage, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT) Laboratoire d'Ecologie et de Technologie Microbiennes (LETMi), 1080 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jean-Louis Marty
- BAE, Université de Perpignan, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Hafsa Korri-Youssoufi
- ICMMO, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe de Chimie Bio-organique et Bio-inorganique, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay, France.
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14
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Zhou S, Li Y, Wang F, Wang C. One step synthesis of silane-capped copper clusters as a sensitive optical probe and efficient catalyst for reversible color switching. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04040c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Luminescent silane-functionalized copper clusters are developed as a highly efficient catalyst to build up a recyclable and photoreversible color switching system based on the redox reactions of methylene blue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochen Zhou
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Urumqi
| | - Yingxuan Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Urumqi
| | - Fu Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Urumqi
| | - Chuanyi Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Urumqi
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15
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Lin Y, Zhou Q, Li J, Shu J, Qiu Z, Lin Y, Tang D. Magnetic Graphene Nanosheet-Based Microfluidic Device for Homogeneous Real-Time Electronic Monitoring of Pyrophosphatase Activity Using Enzymatic Hydrolysate-Induced Release of Copper Ion. Anal Chem 2015; 88:1030-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Youxiu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety (MOE & Fujian Province), Institute of Nanomedicine and Nanobiosensing, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety (MOE & Fujian Province), Institute of Nanomedicine and Nanobiosensing, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety (MOE & Fujian Province), Institute of Nanomedicine and Nanobiosensing, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Shu
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety (MOE & Fujian Province), Institute of Nanomedicine and Nanobiosensing, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenli Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety (MOE & Fujian Province), Institute of Nanomedicine and Nanobiosensing, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuping Lin
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety (MOE & Fujian Province), Institute of Nanomedicine and Nanobiosensing, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dianping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety (MOE & Fujian Province), Institute of Nanomedicine and Nanobiosensing, Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Miodek A, Mejri N, Gomgnimbou M, Sola C, Korri-Youssoufi H. E-DNA Sensor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Based on Electrochemical Assembly of Nanomaterials (MWCNTs/PPy/PAMAM). Anal Chem 2015; 87:9257-64. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Miodek
- CNRS
UMR-8182, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et de Matériaux
d’Orsay, Equipe de Chimie Bioorganique et Bioinorganique, Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Nawel Mejri
- CNRS
UMR-8182, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et de Matériaux
d’Orsay, Equipe de Chimie Bioorganique et Bioinorganique, Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Michel Gomgnimbou
- Institut
of Integrative Cell Biology, Orsay, CEA-CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, UMR9198, Bâtiment
400, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Christophe Sola
- Institut
of Integrative Cell Biology, Orsay, CEA-CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, UMR9198, Bâtiment
400, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Hafsa Korri-Youssoufi
- CNRS
UMR-8182, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et de Matériaux
d’Orsay, Equipe de Chimie Bioorganique et Bioinorganique, Université Paris-Sud, Bâtiment 420, 91405 Orsay, France
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17
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Fang L, Huang K, Zhang B, Liu Y, Zhang Q. A label-free electrochemistry biosensor based flower-like 3-dimensional ZnO superstructures for detection of DNA arrays. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01218f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A highly sensitive electrochemical DNA sensor was constructed by homogenously distributing Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) on a flower-like 3D ZnO superstructure–chitosan (CS) matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxia Fang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 710072 Xi’an, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Kejing Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinyang Normal University
- 464000 Xinyang, China
| | - Baoling Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 710072 Xi’an, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xinyang Normal University
- 464000 Xinyang, China
| | - Qiuyu Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 710072 Xi’an, China
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18
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Sultan SC, Kara P, Anik Ü, Ozsoz M. Label and indicator free electrochemical nanobiosensing of DNA hybridization based on MnO2 nanomaterial modified GCPE. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05875e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A label and indicator free electrochemical DNA hybridization detection method based on MnO2-Nps/GCPE was developed. Compared to plain GCPE, a very robust and sensitive genosensor was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Cemgil Sultan
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University
- Kotekli, Turkey
| | - Pinar Kara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Ege University
- Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ülkü Anik
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University
- Kotekli, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozsoz
- Biomedical Engineering Department
- Faculty of Architecture and Engineering
- Gediz University
- Izmir, Turkey
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