1
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Shoute LCT, Charlton CL, Kanji JN, Babiuk S, Babiuk L, Chen J. Faradaic Impedimetric Immunosensor for Label-Free Point-of-Care Detection of COVID-19 Antibodies Using Gold-Interdigitated Electrode Array. BIOSENSORS 2023; 14:6. [PMID: 38248383 PMCID: PMC10812953 DOI: 10.3390/bios14010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Label-free electrochemical biosensors have many desirable characteristics in terms of miniaturization, scalability, digitization, and other attributes associated with point-of-care (POC) applications. In the era of COVID-19 and pandemic preparedness, further development of such biosensors will be immensely beneficial for rapid testing and disease management. Label-free electrochemical biosensors often employ [Fe(CN)6]-3/4 redox probes to detect low-concentration target analytes as they dramatically enhance sensitivity. However, such Faradaic-based sensors are reported to experience baseline signal drift, which compromises the performance of these devices. Here, we describe the use of a mecaptohexanoic (MHA) self-assembled monolayer (SAM) modified Au-interdigitated electrode arrays (IDA) to investigate the origin of the baseline signal drift, developed a protocol to resolve the issue, and presented insights into the underlying mechanism on the working of label-free electrochemical biosensors. Using this protocol, we demonstrate the application of MHA SAM-modified Au-IDA for POC analysis of human serum samples. We describe the use of a label-free electrochemical biosensor based on covalently conjugated SARS-CoV-2 spike protein for POC detection of COVID-19 antibodies. The test requires a short incubation time (10 min), and has a sensitivity of 35.4/decade (35.4%/10 ng mL-1) and LOD of 21 ng/mL. Negligible cross reactivity to seasonal human coronavirus or other endogenous antibodies was observed. Our studies also show that Faradaic biosensors are ~17 times more sensitive than non-Faradaic biosensors. We believe the work presented here contributes to the fundamental understanding of the underlying mechanisms of baseline signal drift and will be applicable to future development of electrochemical biosensors for POC applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian C. T. Shoute
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada;
| | - Carmen L. Charlton
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada; (C.L.C.); (J.N.K.)
- Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, AB T2N 1M7, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Institute for Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Jamil N. Kanji
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada; (C.L.C.); (J.N.K.)
- Public Health Laboratory, Alberta Precision Laboratories, Calgary, AB T2N 1M7, Canada
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Shawn Babiuk
- National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada;
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
| | - Lorne Babiuk
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada;
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
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2
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Reinikovaite V, Matulevicius M, Elsakova A, Drobysh M, Liustrovaite V, Luksa A, Jafarov A, Slibinskas R, Ramanavicius A, Baradoke A. Electrochemical capacitance spectroscopy based determination of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 virus spike protein. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166447. [PMID: 37604377 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we are reporting a novel electrochemical capacitance spectroscopy (ECS) platform designed for the sensitive and label-free detection of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus spike protein (anti-rS) in diluted blood serum. The determination of anti-rS is crucial for identification individuals who have been infected by SARS-CoV-2 virus and may have acquired immunity. The rS protein was immobilized on a screen-printed carbon electrode, which was incubated in diluted blood serum containing anti-rS antibodies. Label-free ECS was applied for the determination of interaction between immobilized rS and free-standing anti-rS. Here reported bioanalytical platform demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in detecting anti-rS, achieving a limit of detection of 4.38 nM. This versatile platform could be further enhanced by applying various electrode materials and adapting this platform to detect antibodies against some other proteins. Our findings have significant implications for the development of affordable, scalable biosensing platforms capable to provide rapid and accurate public health screening and monitoring, particularly in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktorija Reinikovaite
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Matas Matulevicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Alexandra Elsakova
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Technology, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maryia Drobysh
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10007 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Liustrovaite
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Luksa
- State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10007 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ali Jafarov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Ravila 19, 50412 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rimantas Slibinskas
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio ave. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko str. 24, 03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10007 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Ausra Baradoke
- State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio ave. 3, 10007 Vilnius, Lithuania
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3
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Brandão STR, Dos Santos A, Bueno PR, Cilli EM. Designing Quantum Capacitive Peptide Interfaces for Electroanalytical Applications. Anal Chem 2023; 95:13470-13477. [PMID: 37647515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Redox-active moieties assembled on metallic interfaces have been shown to follow quantum mechanical rules, where the quantum capacitance of the interface (directly associated with the electronic structure of the redox-active moieties) plays a key role in the electron transfer dynamics of the interface. Modifying these interfaces with biological receptors has significant advantages (simplifying molecular diagnostics methods, reducing size, time, and cost while maintaining high sensitivity), enabling the fabrication of miniaturized electroanalytical devices that can compete with traditional ELISA and RT-PCR benchtop assay methods. Owing to their intrinsic characteristics, the use of peptide-based redox-active moieties is a promising chemical route for modifying metallic surfaces, resulting in a high quantum capacitive signal sensitivity. In the present work, different ferrocene-tagged peptides with a structure of Fc-Glu-XX-XX-Cys-NH2 (XX = serine, phenylalanine, glycine) were used to form self-assembled monolayers on gold. The feasibility of using these interfaces in an electroanalytical assay was verified by detecting the NS1 DENV (Dengue Virus) biomarker to compare the efficiency of peptide structures for biosensing purposes. Parameters such as the formal potential of the interface, normalized electronic density of states (DOS), quantum capacitance, and electron transfer rate constants were obtained for Ser-, Phe-, and Gly-peptides. The Gly-peptide structure presented the highest analytical performance for sensing NS1 with a sensitivity of 5.6% per decade and the lowest LOD (1.4 ng mL-1) and LOQ (2.6 ng mL-1), followed by Phe-peptide, whereas Ser-peptide had the lowest performance. This work demonstrates that the use of peptides to fabricate a self-assembled monolayer as a biosensor component has advantages for low-cost point-of-care diagnostics. It also shows that the performance of the sensing interface depends strongly on how the chemistry of the surface is designed as a whole, not only on the redox-active group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah T R Brandão
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14800-060 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano Dos Santos
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14800-060 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo R Bueno
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14800-060 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Cilli
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14800-060 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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4
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Kang S, Sharafeldin M, Patrick SC, Chen X, Davis JJ. Ultrafast Biomarker Quantification through Reagentless Capacitive Kinetics. Anal Chem 2023; 95:4721-4727. [PMID: 36856747 PMCID: PMC10018454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a facile assessment of binding kinetics at bioreceptive redox-active interfaces as a means of quantifying target proteins. This is achieved by monitoring the redox capacitance (Cr) of a receptor-modified conductive polymer interface under continuous flow. Exemplified with the quantification of C-reactive protein (CRP), capacitance analyses resolve both the association and dissociation regimes in real-time. Significantly, the rate of electrochemical signal change within the association regime is a sensitive function of target concentration, enabling marker assaying down to picomolar levels, comparable to end-point assays, in 15 s. This reagentless proof-of-principle methodology is envisioned to be widely applicable to the facile quantification of a range of other pertinent, clinically relevant targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyu Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed Sharafeldin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Sophie C Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Xuanxiao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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5
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Lucas Garrote B, Lopes LC, Pinzón EF, Mendonça-Natividade FC, Martins RB, Santos A, Arruda E, Bueno PR. Reagentless Quantum-Rate-Based Electrochemical Signal of Graphene for Detecting SARS-CoV-2 Infection Using Nasal Swab Specimens. ACS Sens 2022; 7:2645-2653. [PMID: 36049154 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The quantum-rate model predicts a rate k as a frequency for transporting electrons within molecular structures, which is governed by the ratio between the quantum of conductance G and capacitance Cq, such that k = G/Cq. This frequency, as measured in a single-layer graphene appropriately modified with suitable biological receptors, can be applied as a transducer signal that ranges sensitivities within the attomole for biosensing applications. Here, we applied this label-free and reagentless biosensing transducer signal methodology for the qualitative diagnosis of COVID-19 infections, where this assay methodology was shown to be similar to the gold-standard real-time polymerase chain reaction. The quantum-rate strategy for the diagnosis of COVID-19 was performed by combining the response of the interface for detecting the S and N proteins of SARS-CoV-2 virus as accessed from nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal patient samples with 80% of sensitivity and 77% of specificity. As a label-free and reagentless biosensing platform, the methodology is decidedly useful for point-of-care and internet-of-things biological assaying technologies, not only because of its real-time ability to measure infections but also because of the capability for miniaturization inherent in reagentless electrochemical methods. This approach effectively permits the rapid development of biological assays for surveillance and control of endemics and pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Lucas Garrote
- Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 14800-060, Brazil
| | - Laís C Lopes
- Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 14800-060, Brazil
| | - Edgar F Pinzón
- Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 14800-060, Brazil
| | - Flávia C Mendonça-Natividade
- Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 14800-060, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo B Martins
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Adriano Santos
- Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 14800-060, Brazil
| | - Eurico Arruda
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo R Bueno
- Department of Engineering, Physics and Mathematics, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 14800-060, Brazil
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6
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β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase-V colorectal cancer biomarker immunosensor with label-free electrochemical detection. Talanta 2022; 243:123337. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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7
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Tasić N, Cavalcante L, Deffune E, Góes MS, Paixão TR, Gonçalves LM. Probeless and label-free impedimetric biosensing of D-dimer using gold nanoparticles conjugated with dihexadecylphosphate on screen-printed carbon electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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8
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Hamami M, Mars A, Raouafi N. Biosensor based on antifouling PEG/Gold nanoparticles composite for sensitive detection of aflatoxin M1 in milk. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Baradoke A, Santos A, Bueno PR, Davis JJ. Introducing polymer conductance in diagnostically relevant transduction. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 172:112705. [PMID: 33166803 PMCID: PMC7581358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work we demonstrate that an impedance derived capacitance method is able to cleanly resolve the resonant conductance characteristics of an electrode-confined polymer film. In decorating the film with receptors, this conductance is thereafter modulated by the capturing of specific targets, demonstrated herein with C-reactive protein. This entirely reagentless and single step marker quantification is relevant to the drive of moving assays to a scaleable format requiring minimal user intervention. Relaxation conductance was used to create a new transducer signal concept. This relaxation conductance transducer signal concept was proved to be valid. Conductive redox polymer was used as sensitive function for the new signal concept. C-reactive protein was successfully detected in suitable low concentrations. This transducer principle is equally applicable to any other target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ausra Baradoke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Adriano Santos
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14800-060, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo R Bueno
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14800-060, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom.
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10
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Label-free capacitive assaying of biomarkers for molecular diagnostics. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:3879-3893. [PMID: 33106679 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-0390-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The label-free analysis of biomarkers offers important advantages in developing point-of-care (PoC) biosensors. In contrast to label-based methodologies, such as ELISA, label-free analysis enables direct detection of targets without additional steps and labeled reagents. Nonetheless, label-free approaches require high sensitivity to detect the intrinsic features of a biomarker and low levels of nonspecific signals. Electrochemical capacitance, [Formula: see text], is a feature of electroactive nanoscale films that can be measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. [Formula: see text] is promising as an electrochemical transducing signal for the development of high-sensitivity, reagentless and label-free molecular diagnostic assays. We used a proprietary ferrocene (Fc)-tagged peptide that is able to self-assemble onto gold electrodes (thicknesses <2 nm) to which any biological receptor can be coupled. When coupled with biological receptors (e.g., a monoclonal antibody), [Formula: see text] exhibited by the redox-tagged peptide changes as a function of the target concentration. We provide herein the steps for the qualitative and quantitative detection of dengue non-structural protein 1 (NS1) biomarker. Detection of NS1 can be used to diagnose dengue virus infection, which causes epidemics each year in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Including the pre-treatment of the electrode surface, the analysis takes ~25 h. This time can be reduced to minutes if the electrode surface is fabricated separately, demonstrating that [Formula: see text] is promising for PoC applications. We hope this protocol will serve as a reference point for researchers and companies that intend to further develop capacitive devices for molecular diagnostic assays.
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11
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Nogueira Pedroza Dias Mello HJ, Bueno PR, Mulato M. Comparing glucose and urea enzymatic electrochemical and optical biosensors based on polyaniline thin films. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:4199-4210. [PMID: 32789344 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01018a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Analytical sensors that can detect chemical (including biological) analytes are becoming increasingly widespread within the field of analytical chemistry. More than this, in a world tending towards the 'internet-of-things', the miniaturization of such devices is becoming increasingly urgent. Accordingly, electrochemical methods that are simultaneously multiplexable and effective at a miniature scale are receiving much attention. In the present work, we compare the label-free electrochemical response of enzymatic biosensors with the response of their optical counterpart. As a proof-of-concept we compare the electrochemical impedimetric response and the first time described capacitive response of enzymatic biosensors to their optical reflectance response (measured in the visible region using a portable handset spectrophotometer). The target was the detection of glucose and urea. The chemical platform of the sensors was composed of enzymatically functionalized polyaniline thin films. Sensitivity, linearity, and the limit of detection were analyzed for both electrochemical and optical instrumental settings. We found that the impedimetric/capacitive electrochemical setup produced a response that was of a similar quality to the optical response (sensitivities of 10.7 ± 0.7, 7.4 ± 0.7 and 4.3 ± 0.2% per decade for impedimetric, capacitive and optical glucose biosensors, respectively) with a broader linear range (10-4 to 10-1 mol L-1 for both glucose and urea biosensors) and similar limit-of-detection in the range of 1 μmol L-1 within a relevant and practical diagnosis range for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo José Nogueira Pedroza Dias Mello
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo - USP, 14040-901, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
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12
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Martínez-Rojas F, Diculescu VC, Armijo F. Electrochemical Immunosensing Platform for the Determination of the 20S Proteasome Using an Aminophenylboronic/Poly-indole-6-carboxylic Acid-Modified Electrode. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4941-4948. [PMID: 35021738 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The first electrochemical immunosensor for the determination of the 20S proteasome (P20S) was developed, entailing the immobilization of an antibody on an aminophenylboronic/poly-indole-6-carboxylic acid-modified electrode. The proposed electrochemical bioplatform is a simple and feasible analytical tool applicable for the determination of P20S in human plasma, considering its high clinical and biological relevance. Cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and square wave voltammetry (SWV) were used to determine the optimal step-by-step process to obtain the electrochemical immunosensor. The interaction of P20S with the recognition layer of the immobilized antibody on the nanostructured surface took place by incubating the electrode in a P20S solution at 20 °C for 2 h. Using SWV as an electro-analytical technique, this immunosensor can quantify P20S. The current was linear with the P20S concentration within two dynamic concentration ranges from 20.0 to 80.0 and 80.0 to 200.0 ng·mL-1 (r2 = 0.992 and 0.98, respectively) with a limit of detection and quantification of 6 and 18 ng·mL-1, respectively. Moreover, the immunosensor showed considerable repeatability and reproducibility, when the determination was done in human serum, which confirms that it is a promising alternative for direct detection of P20S in biological fluids with minimal interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Martínez-Rojas
- Facultad de Quimica y de Farmacia, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Laboratorio de Bioelectroquimica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, 7820436 Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victor C Diculescu
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor, No. 405A, Măgurele, 077125 Ilfov, Romania
| | - Francisco Armijo
- Facultad de Quimica y de Farmacia, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Laboratorio de Bioelectroquimica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, 7820436 Macul, Santiago, Chile
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13
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D’Aurelio R, Chianella I, Goode JA, Tothill IE. Molecularly Imprinted Nanoparticles Based Sensor for Cocaine Detection. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:E22. [PMID: 32143406 PMCID: PMC7146329 DOI: 10.3390/bios10030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of a sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for the detection of trace levels of cocaine is described in this paper. NanoMIPs for cocaine detection, synthesized using a solid phase, were applied as the sensing element. The nanoMIPs were first characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering and found to be ~148.35 ± 24.69 nm in size, using TEM. The nanoMIPs were then covalently attached to gold screen-printed electrodes and a cocaine direct binding assay was developed and optimized, using EIS as the sensing principle. EIS was recorded at a potential of 0.12 V over the frequency range from 0.1 Hz to 50 kHz, with a modulation voltage of 10 mV. The nanoMIPs sensor was able to detect cocaine in a linear range between 100 pg mL-1 and 50 ng mL-1 (R2 = 0.984; p-value = 0.00001) and with a limit of detection of 0.24 ng mL-1 (0.70 nM). The sensor showed no cross-reactivity toward morphine and a negligible response toward levamisole after optimizing the sensor surface blocking and assay conditions. The developed sensor has the potential to offer a highly sensitive, portable and cost-effective method for cocaine detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta D’Aurelio
- Advanced Diagnostics and Sensors Group, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK;
| | - Iva Chianella
- Advanced Diagnostics and Sensors Group, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK;
| | - Jack A. Goode
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
| | - Ibtisam E. Tothill
- Advanced Diagnostics and Sensors Group, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK;
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14
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Chinnadayyala SR, Park J, Kim YH, Choi SH, Lee SM, Cho WW, Lee GY, Pyun JC, Cho S. Electrochemical Detection of C-Reactive Protein in Human Serum Based on Self-Assembled Monolayer-Modified Interdigitated Wave-Shaped Electrode. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E5560. [PMID: 31888286 PMCID: PMC6960938 DOI: 10.3390/s19245560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical capacitance immunosensor based on an interdigitated wave-shaped micro electrode array (IDWµE) for direct and label-free detection of C-reactive protein (CRP) was reported. A self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of dithiobis (succinimidyl propionate) (DTSP) was used to modify the electrode array for antibody immobilization. The SAM functionalized electrode array was characterized morphologically by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The nature of gold-sulfur interactions on SAM-treated electrode array was probed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The covalent linking of anti-CRP-antibodies onto the SAM modified electrode array was characterized morphologically through AFM, and electrochemically through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The application of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and human serum (HS) samples containing different concentrations of CRP in the electrode array caused changes in the electrode interfacial capacitance upon CRP binding. CRP concentrations in PBS and HS were determined quantitatively by measuring the change in capacitance (ΔC) through EIS. The electrode immobilized with anti-CRP-antibodies showed an increase in ΔC with the addition of CRP concentrations over a range of 0.01-10,000 ng mL-1. The electrode showed detection limits of 0.025 ng mL-1 and 0.23 ng mL-1 (S/N = 3) in PBS and HS, respectively. The biosensor showed a good reproducibility (relative standard deviation (RSD), 1.70%), repeatability (RSD, 1.95%), and adequate selectivity in presence of interferents towards CRP detection. The sensor also exhibited a significant storage stability of 2 weeks at 4 °C in 1× PBS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinsoo Park
- Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea;
| | - Young Hyo Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Korea;
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Korea;
| | - Sang-Myung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 25341, Korea;
| | - Won Woo Cho
- Cantis Inc., Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea;
| | - Ga-Yeon Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03772, Korea; (G.-Y.L.); (J.-C.P.)
| | - Jae-Chul Pyun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03772, Korea; (G.-Y.L.); (J.-C.P.)
| | - Sungbo Cho
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Incheon 13120, Korea;
- Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea;
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15
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Garrote BL, Santos A, Bueno PR. Perspectives on and Precautions for the Uses of Electric Spectroscopic Methods in Label-free Biosensing Applications. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2216-2227. [PMID: 31394901 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Label-free approaches for molecular diagnostic applications are appealing because of their inherent point-of-care advantages. Nonetheless, technical challenges impose a limit on the use of these methods as will be discussed in this paper. Electrochemical spectroscopic methods, such as impedance and impedance-derived methods, are highly effective in the development of label-free diagnostic assays, but they require careful control of the dynamics of the sensing interface. We herein report the strength and challenges of the current methodologies associated with the applications of impedance and impedance-derived methods by focusing on their principles of operation. We demonstrate that the uses of their potentialities are not based on the know-how of these methods, but on how to combine the spectroscopic features with the required chemical design for the associated sensing interfaces. Predominantly, we illustrate how to use the resistive and capacitive terms of the interface to improve its sensitivity to the target. For instance, with the proper signal amplification strategy, limitations related to target-to-receptor size ratio can be overcome. The target-to-receptor ratio is one of the difficulties that we use as an example to illustrate how the sensing of an electric signal can be improved by controlling the properties of the interface on the nanometer scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz L. Garrote
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista), 55 Prof. Francisco Degni st, 14800-900, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano Santos
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista), 55 Prof. Francisco Degni st, 14800-900, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo R. Bueno
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista), 55 Prof. Francisco Degni st, 14800-900, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Chinnadayyala SR, Park J, Abbasi MA, Cho S. Label-free electrochemical impedimetric immunosensor for sensitive detection of IgM rheumatoid factor in human serum. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 143:111642. [PMID: 31476598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The authors report a label-free and direct detection of rheumatoid factor- Immunoglobulin M (IgM-RF) based on an impedimetric-interdigitated wave type microelectrode array (IDWμE). IDWμE was functionalized with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of thioctic acid for antigen immobilization. The SAM functionalized IDWμE were characterized by atomic force microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The covalent immobilization of IgG-Fc onto the SAM modified electrode arrays was characterized morphologically via AFM and electrochemically via cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Impedimetric measurements in the presence of redox probe (Potassium ferrocyanide and potassium ferricyanide) showed a significant change in both the impedance spectrum and charge transfer resistance upon IgM-RF binding. Impedance measurements were target specific and linear with an increase in IgM-RF concentrations between 1 and 200 IU mL-1 in redox probe and human serum, respectively. The sensor showed detection limits of 0.6 IU mL-1 in the presence of redox probe and 0.22 IU mL-1 in the human serum. The biosensor exhibited good reproducibility (relative standard deviation (RSD), 4.96%) and repeatability (RSD, 2.31%) with an acceptable selectivity towards IgM-RF detection. The sensor also showed a good stability for 3 weeks at 4 °C in 1X PBS. Therefore, the sensitive and stable immunosensor exhibiting IDWμE features can be integrated with a miniaturized potentiostat to develop a sensing system that detects IgM-RF for point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinsoo Park
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, South Korea; Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - Muhammad A Abbasi
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, South Korea
| | - Sungbo Cho
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, South Korea; Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea.
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17
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A review of microfabricated electrochemical biosensors for DNA detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 134:57-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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A folding affinity paper-based electrochemical impedance device for cardiovascular risk assessment. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 130:389-396. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Development of a needle shaped microelectrode for electrochemical detection of the sepsis biomarker interleukin-6 (IL-6) in real time. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 126:806-814. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R. Bueno
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista, CP 355, 14800-900 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
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21
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Hudari FF, Bessegato GG, Bedatty Fernandes FC, Zanoni MVB, Bueno PR. Reagentless Detection of Low-Molecular-Weight Triamterene Using Self-Doped TiO2 Nanotubes. Anal Chem 2018; 90:7651-7658. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe F. Hudari
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme G. Bessegato
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria V. B. Zanoni
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo R. Bueno
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Piccoli J, Hein R, El-Sagheer AH, Brown T, Cilli EM, Bueno PR, Davis JJ. Redox Capacitive Assaying of C-Reactive Protein at a Peptide Supported Aptamer Interface. Anal Chem 2018; 90:3005-3008. [PMID: 29411973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b05374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical immunosensors offer much in the potential translation of a lab based sensing capability to a useful "real world" platform. In previous work we have introduced an impedance-derived electrochemical capacitance spectroscopic analysis as supportive of a reagentless means of reporting on analyte target capture at suitably prepared mixed-component redox-active, antibody-modified interfaces. Herein we directly integrate receptive aptamers into a redox charging peptide support in enabling a label-free low picomolar analytical assay for C-reactive protein with a sensitivity that significantly exceeds that attainable with an analogous antibody interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Piccoli
- Institute of Chemistry , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , 14800-900 , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Robert Hein
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3QZ , U.K
| | - Afaf H El-Sagheer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3QZ , U.K.,Chemistry Branch, Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering , Suez University , Suez 43721 , Egypt
| | - Tom Brown
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3QZ , U.K
| | - Eduardo M Cilli
- Institute of Chemistry , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , 14800-900 , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Paulo R Bueno
- Institute of Chemistry , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , 14800-900 , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3QZ , U.K
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23
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A dual marker label free electrochemical assay for Flavivirus dengue diagnosis. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 100:519-525. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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24
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Muñoz J, Montes R, Baeza M. Trends in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy involving nanocomposite transducers: Characterization, architecture surface and bio-sensing. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Bueno PR, Bedatty Fernandes FC, Davis JJ. Quantum capacitance as a reagentless molecular sensing element. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:15362-15370. [PMID: 28972213 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06160a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The application of nanoscale capacitance as a transduction of molecular recognition relevant to molecular diagnostics is demonstrated. The energy-related signal relates directly to the electron occupation of quantized states present in readily fabricated molecular junctions such as those presented by redox switchable self-assembled molecular monolayers, reduced graphene oxide or redox-active graphene composite films, assembled on standard metallic or micro-fabricated electrodes. Sensor design is thus based on the response of a confined and resolved electronic density of states to target binding and the associated change in interfacial chemical potential. Demonstrated herein with a number of clinically important markers, this represents a new potent and ultrasensitive molecular detection enabling energy transducer principle capable of quantifying, in a single step and reagentless manner, markers within biological fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R Bueno
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
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26
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A printed SWCNT electrode modified with polycatechol and lysozyme for capacitive detection of α-lactalbumin. Mikrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2481-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Phal S, Lindholm-Sethson B, Geladi P, Shchukarev A, Tesfalidet S. Determination of methotrexate in spiked human blood serum using multi-frequency electrochemical immittance spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 987:15-24. [PMID: 28916036 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This article describes an attempt to develop a sensor based on multi-frequency immittance spectroscopy for the determination of methotrexate (MTX) in blood serum using gold electrodes modified with antibodies. The attachment of antibodies was monitored with electrochemical immittance spectroscopy (EIS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The EIS measurements of MTX resulted in a data matrix of size 39 × 55. The data were analysed using multivariate data analysis and showed a concentration dependence and time dependence that could be separated. This allowed the calculation of a multivariate calibration model. The model showed good linear behavior on a logarithmic scale offering a detection limit of 5 × 10-12 mol L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul Geladi
- Corpus Data & Image Analysis AB, Rålambsvägen 66 B, Suit 1408, SE 112 56 Stockholm, Sweden
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28
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Chand R, Neethirajan S. Microfluidic platform integrated with graphene-gold nano-composite aptasensor for one-step detection of norovirus. Biosens Bioelectron 2017. [PMID: 28649024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Noroviruses are a foremost cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks throughout the world. On-site sample processing and detection of the viral clinical samples has always been a problem. This study reports an all-polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic chip integrated with screen-printed carbon electrode for the electrochemical detection of norovirus. The microfluidic chip contained packed silica microbeads zones to filter and enrich the norovirus infected clinical sample. Selective detection of norovirus was accomplished by functionalizing the graphene-gold nanoparticles composite modified carbon electrode with the viral capsid-specific aptamer. Norovirus specific aptamer was tagged with a ferrocene molecule, which acts a redox probe. The interaction of aptamer and norovirus resulted in a decrease in the electrochemical signal from ferrocene. The microfluidic chip and functionalized electrodes were characterized using several microscopic and electrochemical techniques. The optimized microfluidic aptasensor was employed to detect a range of norovirus concentration. Using differential pulse voltammetric analysis, a detection limit of 100 pM with a detection range from 100 pM to 3.5nM for norovirus was obtained. The application of aptasensor was also assessed by detecting norovirus in spiked blood samples. The aptasensor could easily discriminate between the target norovirus and other interfering molecules. The developed microfluidic aptasensor has the potential to be used for point-of-care one-step detection of norovirus in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Chand
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Suresh Neethirajan
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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29
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Pesquero NC, Carvalho FC, Faria RC, Roque-Barreira MC, Bueno PR. ArtinM Binding Effinities and Kinetic Interaction with Leukemia Cells: A Quartz Crystal Microbalance Bioelectroanalysis on the Cytotoxic Effect. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naira C. Pesquero
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Físico-Química, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Nanobionics Research Group (www.nanobionics.pro.br) CP355; 14800-900, Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
| | - Fernanda C. Carvalho
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Av. Dos Bandeirantes, 3900 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ronaldo C. Faria
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), CP676; 13560-905, São Carlos São Paulo Brazil
| | - Maria-Cristina Roque-Barreira
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Av. Dos Bandeirantes, 3900 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
| | - Paulo R. Bueno
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Físico-Química, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Nanobionics Research Group (www.nanobionics.pro.br) CP355; 14800-900, Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
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30
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Muñoz J, Baeza M. Customized Bio-functionalization of Nanocomposite Carbon Paste Electrodes for Electrochemical Sensing: A Mini Review. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Muñoz
- Molecular Nanoscience and Organic Materials Group, Institut de Ciència de; Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) Carrer dels Til⋅lers; 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona Spain
| | - Mireia Baeza
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Carrer dels Til⋅lers, Edifici C-Entrada Nord; 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona Spain
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31
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Psarouli A, Botsialas A, Salapatas A, Stefanitsis G, Nikita D, Jobst G, Chaniotakis N, Goustouridis D, Makarona E, Petrou PS, Raptis I, Misiakos K, Kakabakos SE. Fast label-free detection of C-reactive protein using broad-band Mach-Zehnder interferometers integrated on silicon chips. Talanta 2017; 165:458-465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Chen L, Liu X, Chen C. Impedimetric biosensor modified with hydrophilic material of tannic acid/polyethylene glycol and dopamine-assisted deposition for detection of breast cancer-related BRCA1 gene. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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33
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Impedimetric biosensor modified with hydrophilic material of tannic acid/polyethylene glycol and dopamine-assisted deposition for detection of breast cancer-related BRCA1 gene. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.03.001%2010.1016/j.jelechem.2017.03.016%2010.1016/j.jelechem.2017.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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34
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Li Q, Tofaris GK, Davis JJ. Concentration-Normalized Electroanalytical Assaying of Exosomal Markers. Anal Chem 2017; 89:3184-3190. [PMID: 28192902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b05037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are both active in mediating intracellular communication and potentially present a potent cargo of disease biomarkers to an assay. The robust evaluation of exosomal markers could lead to a paradigm shift in clinical analysis and associated care. To date, much of this has been hindered by issues of sample preparation and assay signal-to-noise. We introduce here the use of ultrasensitive electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to quantify both external (tetraspanin) and internal (syntenin) exosome-specific markers. Associated exosome detection limits are 1.9 × 105 particles mL-1 (equivalent to 320 aM or 9500 exosomes in 50 μL) for intact exosomes and 3-5 picomolar for internal exosomal syntenin levels with almost 5 decades of linear dynamic range. Sample preparation can be carried out by simple fine filtering of cell-conditioned medium prior to a non-NTA-determined (i.e., nanoparticle tracking analysis) exosome concentration analysis, lysing, and subsequent internal syntenin quantification. Such concentration-normalized dual-marker analysis can be used to define "analytical zones" in a manner which is then independent of absolute exosome concentration and sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - George K Tofaris
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford , John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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35
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Lehr J, Weeks JR, Santos A, Feliciano GT, Nicholson MIG, Davis JJ, Bueno PR. Mapping the ionic fingerprints of molecular monolayers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:15098-15109. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01500c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations support a self-assembled monolayer specific energy barrier to solution-phase ions that once surmounted, the entrapped ions support a film embedded ionic capacitance and non-faradaic relaxation (mapping through electrochemical capacitance measurements). The associated capacitance can be assigned as a particular case of general electrochemical capacitance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Lehr
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3QZ
- UK
| | | | - Adriano Santos
- Institute of Chemistry
- Physical Chemistry Department
- Univ. Estadual Paulista (São Paulo State University, UNESP)
- Araraquara
- Brazil
| | - Gustavo T. Feliciano
- Institute of Chemistry
- Physical Chemistry Department
- Univ. Estadual Paulista (São Paulo State University, UNESP)
- Araraquara
- Brazil
| | - Melany I. G. Nicholson
- Institute of Chemistry
- Physical Chemistry Department
- Univ. Estadual Paulista (São Paulo State University, UNESP)
- Araraquara
- Brazil
| | - Jason J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3QZ
- UK
| | - Paulo R. Bueno
- Institute of Chemistry
- Physical Chemistry Department
- Univ. Estadual Paulista (São Paulo State University, UNESP)
- Araraquara
- Brazil
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36
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Cecchetto J, Fernandes FC, Lopes R, Bueno PR. The capacitive sensing of NS1 Flavivirus biomarker. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 87:949-956. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.08.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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37
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Gutierrez FA, Bedatty Fernandes FC, Rivas GA, Bueno PR. Mesoscopic behaviour of multi-layered graphene: the meaning of supercapacitance revisited. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:6792-6806. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07775g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The double layer capacitive phenomena is just a particular case of a more general quantum mechanical approach, wherein the electrochemical capacitance is central hence governing the super-capacitance phenomenology in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana A. Gutierrez
- Instituto de Química
- Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
- Departamento de Físico-Química
- Nanobionics Research Group
- Araraquara
| | - Flavio C. Bedatty Fernandes
- Instituto de Química
- Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
- Departamento de Físico-Química
- Nanobionics Research Group
- Araraquara
| | - Gustavo A. Rivas
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Córdoba
- Argentina
| | - Paulo R. Bueno
- Instituto de Química
- Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
- Departamento de Físico-Química
- Nanobionics Research Group
- Araraquara
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38
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Santos A, Bueno PR. Glycoprotein assay based on the optimized immittance signal of a redox tagged and lectin-based receptive interface. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 83:368-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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39
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Piccoli JP, Santos A, Santos-Filho NA, Lorenzón EN, Cilli EM, Bueno PR. The self-assembly of redox active peptides: Synthesis and electrochemical capacitive behavior. Biopolymers 2016; 106:357-67. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia P. Piccoli
- Department of Biochemistry and Technological Chemistry; , Institute of Chemistry, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Adriano Santos
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Nanobionics Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Norival A. Santos-Filho
- Department of Biochemistry and Technological Chemistry; , Institute of Chemistry, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Esteban N. Lorenzón
- Department of Biochemistry and Technological Chemistry; , Institute of Chemistry, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Eduardo M. Cilli
- Department of Biochemistry and Technological Chemistry; , Institute of Chemistry, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Paulo R. Bueno
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Nanobionics Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista; São Paulo Brazil
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40
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Ribeiro WC, Gonçalves LM, Liébana S, Pividori MI, Bueno PR. Molecular conductance of double-stranded DNA evaluated by electrochemical capacitance spectroscopy. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:8931-8938. [PMID: 27074378 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01076h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Conductance was measured in two different double stranded DNA (both with 20 bases), the more conducting poly(dG)-poly(dC) (ds-DNAc) and the less conducting poly(dA)-poly(dT) (ds-DNAi), by means of Electrochemical Capacitance Spectroscopy (ECS). The use of the ECS approach, exemplified herein with DNA nanowires, is equally a suitable and time-dependent advantageous alternative for conductance measurement of molecular systems, additionally allowing better understanding of the alignment existing between molecular scale conductance and electron transfer rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Ribeiro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista, (Nanobionics Research Group), CP 355, 14800-900, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - L M Gonçalves
- Requimte, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - S Liébana
- Grup de Sensors & Biosensors, Unitat de Química Analítica, Bloc de Ciencias e Biociencias, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M I Pividori
- Grup de Sensors & Biosensors, Unitat de Química Analítica, Bloc de Ciencias e Biociencias, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - P R Bueno
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista, (Nanobionics Research Group), CP 355, 14800-900, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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41
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Yagati AK, Pyun JC, Min J, Cho S. Label-free and direct detection of C-reactive protein using reduced graphene oxide-nanoparticle hybrid impedimetric sensor. Bioelectrochemistry 2016; 107:37-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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42
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The Mesoscopic Electrochemistry of Molecular Junctions. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18400. [PMID: 26757677 PMCID: PMC4725828 DOI: 10.1038/srep18400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the context of an electron dynamic (time-dependent) perspective and a voltage driving force acting to redistribute electrons between metallic and addressable molecular states, we define here the associated electron admittance and conductance. We specifically present a mesoscopic approach to resolving the electron transfer rate associated with the electrochemistry of a redox active film tethered to metallic leads and immersed in electrolyte. The methodology is centred on aligning the lifetime of the process of electron exchange with associated resistance and capacitance quantities. Notably, however, these are no longer those empirically known as charge transfer resistance and pseudo-capacitance, but are those derived instead from a consideration of the quantum states contained in molecular films and their accessibility through a scattering region existing between them and the metallic probe. The averaged lifetime (τr) associated with the redox site occupancy is specifically dependent on scattering associated with the quantum channels linking them to the underlying metallic continuum and associated with both a quantum resistance (Rq) and an electrochemical (redox) capacitance (Cr). These are related to electron transfer rate through k = 1/τr = (RqCr)(-1). The proposed mesoscopic approach is consistent with Marcus's (electron transfer rate) theory and experimental measurements obtained by capacitance spectroscopy.
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43
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Silambarasan K, Narendra Kumar AV, Joseph J. K4[Fe(CN)6] immobilized anion sensitive protonated amine functionalized polysilsesquioxane films for ultra-low electrochemical detection of dsDNA. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:7468-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00283h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe the ultra-low detection of dsDNA molecule using redox couple, ferro/ferricyanide immobilized in PSQ films possessing protonated amine functional groups by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamoorthy Silambarasan
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute
- Karaikudi – 630003
- India
| | | | - James Joseph
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute
- Karaikudi – 630003
- India
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44
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Bedatty Fernandes FC, Patil AV, Bueno PR, Davis JJ. Optimized Diagnostic Assays Based on Redox Tagged Bioreceptive Interfaces. Anal Chem 2015; 87:12137-44. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Flavio C. Bedatty Fernandes
- Institute
of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry Department, Nanobionics group, Univ. Estadual Paulista (São Paulo State University, UNESP), CP 355, 14800-900, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amol V. Patil
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Paulo R. Bueno
- Institute
of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry Department, Nanobionics group, Univ. Estadual Paulista (São Paulo State University, UNESP), CP 355, 14800-900, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jason J. Davis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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45
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Marques SM, Santos A, Gonçalves LM, Sousa JC, Bueno PR. Sensitive label-free electron chemical capacitive signal transduction for D-dimer electroanalysis. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.09.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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46
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Huang X, Deng H, Fang Y, Wang L. Role of Introduction of a Resistor in Series with the Working Electrode in Impedance Related Electrochemical Measurements. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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47
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Kokkinos C, Prodromidis M, Economou A, Petrou P, Kakabakos S. Disposable integrated bismuth citrate-modified screen-printed immunosensor for ultrasensitive quantum dot-based electrochemical assay of C-reactive protein in human serum. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 886:29-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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48
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Santos A, Piccoli JP, Santos-Filho NA, Cilli EM, Bueno PR. Redox-tagged peptide for capacitive diagnostic assays. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 68:281-287. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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49
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Bueno PR, Feliciano GT, Davis JJ. Capacitance spectroscopy and density functional theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:9375-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp06015f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We relate capacitance spectroscopy with density functional theory, providing a theoretical description of redox capacitance and its electrostatic and quantum terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo R. Bueno
- Institute of Chemistry
- Physical Chemistry Department
- Univ. Estadual Paulista (São Paulo State University, UNESP)
- Nanobionics group
- Araraquara
| | - Gustavo T. Feliciano
- Institute of Chemistry
- Physical Chemistry Department
- Univ. Estadual Paulista (São Paulo State University, UNESP)
- Nanobionics group
- Araraquara
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50
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Santos A, Carvalho FC, Roque-Barreira MC, Bueno PR. Impedance-derived electrochemical capacitance spectroscopy for the evaluation of lectin–glycoprotein binding affinity. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 62:102-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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