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Zeng Z, Li H, Li Q, Sun R, Zhang X, Zhang D, Zhu Q, Chen C. Quantitative measurement of acute myocardial infarction cardiac biomarkers by "All-in-One" immune microfluidic chip for early diagnosis of myocardial infarction. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 315:124256. [PMID: 38615418 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a life-threatening condition with a narrow treatment window, necessitating rapid and accurate diagnostic methods. We present an "all-in-one" convenient and rapid immunoassay system that combines microfluidic technology with a colloidal gold immunoassay. A degassing-driven chip replaces a bulky external pump, resulting in a user-friendly and easy-to-operate immunoassay system. The chip comprises four units: an inlet reservoir, an immunoreaction channel, a waste pool, and an immunocomplex collection chamber, allowing single-channel flow for rapid and accurate AMI biomarker detection. In this study, we focused on cardiac troponin I (cTnI). With a minimal sample of just 4 μL and a total detection time of under 3 min, the chip enabled a quantitative visual analysis of cTnI concentration within a range of 0.5 ∼ 60.0 ng mL-1. This all-in-one integrated microfluidic chip with colloidal gold immunoassay offers a promising solution for rapid AMI diagnosis. The system's portability, small sample requirement, and quantitative visual detection capabilities make it a valuable tool for AMI diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaokui Zeng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Huimin Li
- Yueyang Inspection and Testing Center, Yueyang 414000, China
| | - Qi Li
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ruowei Sun
- Hunan Zaochen Nanorobot Co., Ltd, Liuyang 410300, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Hunan Zaochen Nanorobot Co., Ltd, Liuyang 410300, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Qubo Zhu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Chuanpin Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
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Sözmen A, Arslan-Yildiz A. Utilizing Magnetic Levitation to Detect Lung Cancer-Associated Exosomes. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2043-2049. [PMID: 38520356 PMCID: PMC11059084 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles, especially exosomes, have attracted attention in the last few decades as novel cancer biomarkers. Exosomal membrane proteins provide easy-to-reach targets and can be utilized as information sources of their parent cells. In this study, a MagLev-based, highly sensitive, and versatile biosensor platform for detecting minor differences in the density of suspended objects is proposed for exosome detection. The developed platform utilizes antibody-functionalized microspheres to capture exosomal membrane proteins (ExoMPs) EpCAM, CD81, and CD151 as markers for cancerous exosomes, exosomes, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-derived exosomes, respectively. Initially, the platform was utilized for protein detection and quantification by targeting solubilized ExoMPs, and a dynamic range of 1-100 nM, with LoD values of 1.324, 0.638, and 0.722 nM for EpCAM, CD81, and CD151, were observed, respectively. Then, the sensor platform was tested using exosome isolates derived from NSCLC cell line A549 and MRC5 healthy lung fibroblast cell line. It was shown that the sensor platform is able to detect and differentiate exosomal biomarkers derived from cancerous and non-cancerous cell lines. Overall, this innovative, simple, and rapid method shows great potential for the early diagnosis of lung cancer through exosomal biomarker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper
Baran Sözmen
- Bioengineering Department, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahu Arslan-Yildiz
- Bioengineering Department, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430 Izmir, Turkey
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Alsved J, Rezayati Charan M, Ohlsson P, Urbansky A, Augustsson P. Label-free separation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from whole blood by gradient acoustic focusing. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8748. [PMID: 38627566 PMCID: PMC11021555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59156-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Efficient techniques for separating target cells from undiluted blood are necessary for various diagnostic and research applications. This paper presents acoustic focusing in dense media containing iodixanol to purify peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from whole blood in a label-free and flow-through format. If the blood is laminated or mixed with iodixanol solutions while passing through the resonant microchannel, all the components (fluids and cells) rearrange according to their acoustic impedances. Red blood cells (RBCs) have higher effective acoustic impedance than PBMCs. Therefore, they relocate to the pressure node despite the dense medium, while PBMCs stay near the channel walls due to their negative contrast factor relative to their surrounding medium. By modifying the medium and thus tuning the contrast factor of the cells, we enriched PBMCs relative to RBCs by a factor of 3600 to 11,000 and with a separation efficiency of 85%. That level of RBC depletion is higher than most other microfluidic methods and similar to that of density gradient centrifugation. The current acoustophoretic chip runs up to 20 µl/min undiluted whole blood and can be integrated with downstream analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Alsved
- AcouSort AB, Medicon Village, S-223 81, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mahdi Rezayati Charan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Ole Römers väg 3, 22363, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pelle Ohlsson
- AcouSort AB, Medicon Village, S-223 81, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Ole Römers väg 3, 22363, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anke Urbansky
- AcouSort AB, Medicon Village, S-223 81, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Augustsson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Ole Römers väg 3, 22363, Lund, Sweden.
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Bilginer Kartal R, Arslan Yildiz A. Exploring Neuronal Differentiation Profiles in SH-SY5Y Cells through Magnetic Levitation Analysis. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:14955-14962. [PMID: 38585102 PMCID: PMC10993277 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic levitation (MagLev) is a powerful and versatile technique that can sort objects based on their density differences. This paper reports the sorting of SH-SY5Y cells for neuronal differentiation by the MagLev technique. Herein, SH-SY5Y cells were differentiated with retinoic acid (RA) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Neuronal differentiation was confirmed by neurite extension measurement and the immunostaining assay. Neurites reached the maximum length on day 9 after sequential treatment with RA-BDNF. Neuronal marker expression of un-/differentiated cells was investigated by β-III tubulin and neuronal nuclei (NeuN) and differentiated cells exhibited a higher fluorescence intensity compared to un-/differentiated cells. MagLev results revealed that the density of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells gradually increased from 1.04 to 1.06 g/mL, while it remained stable at 1.05 g/mL for un-/differentiated cells. These findings signified that cell density would be a potent indicator of neuronal differentiation. Overall, it was shown that MagLev methodology can provide rapid, label-free, and easy sorting to analyze the differentiation of cells at a single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahu Arslan Yildiz
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology (IZTECH), 35430 Izmir, Turkey
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Xia L, Liu J, Zhu X, Liu R, Wen H, Cao Q. Asymmetric magnetic levitation for density-based measurement and analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1287:341951. [PMID: 38182357 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic levitation (MagLev) based on negative magnetophoresis represents a promising technology for density-based analysis and manipulation of nonmagnetic objects. This approach has garnered considerable interest across multiple fields, such as chemistry, materials science, and biochemistry, primarily due to its inherent simplicity, precision, and cost-effectiveness. However, it is essential to recognize that frequently used MagLev configurations, including standard MagLev and axial MagLev, are not without their limitations. These configurations often struggle to strike a balance between levitation performance, ease of operation, and visibility. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new MagLev configuration to address the aforementioned issue. RESULTS This work describes the development of an innovative MagLev, termed "asymmetric MagLev", achieved by combining a ring magnet and a cylinder magnet as up-down asymmetric magnetic field sources. The asymmetric design overcomes the physical obstacles along the centerline of the standard MagLev, offering unique open-structure advantages, including easy handling of samples, the ability to observe samples from the top or bottom, and no restrictions on the container height. Meanwhile, comparative analysis reveals a considerable enhancement in the working distance of the asymmetric MagLev without significantly sacrificing the measurement range compared to the axial MagLev. Notably, the asymmetric MagLev achieves a remarkable sensitivity of up to about 1.8 × 104 mm (g cm-3)-1, surpassing the axial MagLev by approximately 30 times. Furthermore, experimental results validate the successful application of the asymmetric MagLev in density measurement and quality detection of small-sized objects. SIGNIFICANCE This pioneering configuration represents the first utilization of up-down asymmetric magnets in the field of MagLev. Through the integration of an axially magnetized ring magnet and a cylinder magnet, the asymmetric MagLev design overcomes the limitations associated with conventional MagLev configurations. This innovative design exhibits outstanding operational capabilities and levitation performance, making it suitable for a wide range of applications in density-based measurement and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Xia
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jialuo Liu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xinhui Zhu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hao Wen
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Quanliang Cao
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Gao QH, Song PH, Zou HX, Wu ZY, Zhao LC, Zhang WM. Dynamically Rotating Magnetic Levitation to Characterize the Spatial Density Heterogeneity of Materials. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2300219. [PMID: 37127886 PMCID: PMC10369266 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic levitation (MagLev) is a promising technology for density-based analysis and manipulation of nonmagnetic materials. One major limitation is that extant MagLev methods are based on the static balance of gravitational-magnetic forces, thereby leading to an inability to resolve interior differences in density. Here a new strategy called "dynamically rotating MagLev" is proposed, which combines centrifugal force and nonlinear magnetic force to amplify the interior differences in density. The design of the nonlinear magnetic force in tandem with centrifugal force supports the regulation of stable equilibriums, enabling different homogeneous objects to reach distinguishable equilibrium orientations. Without reducing the magnetic susceptibility, the dynamically rotating MagLev system can lead to a relatively large change in orientation angle (∆ψ > 50°) for the heterogeneous parts with small inclusions (volume fraction VF = 2.08%). The rich equilibrium states of levitating objects invoke the concept of levitation stability, which is employed, for the first time, to characterize the spatial density heterogeneity of objects. Exploiting the tunable nonlinear levitation behaviors of objects provides a new paradigm for developing operationally simple, nondestructive density heterogeneity characterization methods. Such methods have tremendous potential in applications related to sorting, orienting, and assembling objects in three dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Hua Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Hui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Xiang Zou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vehicle Power and Transmission System, Hunan Institute of Engineering, 88 Fuxing East Road, Xiangtan, 411104, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Lin-Chuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
- SJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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Yu J, Li D, Zhu C, Ouyang Q, Miao C, Yu H. A Magnetic Levitation System for Range/Sensitivity-Tunable Measurement of Density. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3955. [PMID: 37112295 PMCID: PMC10143956 DOI: 10.3390/s23083955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic levitation (MagLev) is a promising density-based analytical technique with numerous applications. Several MagLev structures with different levels of sensitivity and range have been studied. However, these MagLev structures can seldom satisfy the different performance requirements simultaneously, such as high sensitivity, wide measurement range, and easy operation, which have prevented them from being widely used. In this work, a tunable MagLev system was developed. It is confirmed by numerical simulation and experiments that this system possesses a high resolution down to 10-7 g/cm3 or even higher compared to the existing systems. Meanwhile, the resolution and range of this tunable system can be adjusted to meet different requirements of measurement. More importantly, this system can be operated simply and conveniently. This bundle of characteristics demonstrates that the novel tunable MagLev system could be handily applied in various density-based analyses on demand, which would greatly expand the ability of MagLev technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Donghai Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chengxian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Qiran Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chunyang Miao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Haidong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
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Ong LJY, Fan X, Rujia Sun A, Mei L, Toh YC, Prasadam I. Controlling Microenvironments with Organs-on-Chips for Osteoarthritis Modelling. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040579. [PMID: 36831245 PMCID: PMC9954502 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) remains a prevalent disease affecting more than 20% of the global population, resulting in morbidity and lower quality of life for patients. The study of OA pathophysiology remains predominantly in animal models due to the complexities of mimicking the physiological environment surrounding the joint tissue. Recent development in microfluidic organ-on-chip (OoC) systems have demonstrated various techniques to mimic and modulate tissue physiological environments. Adaptations of these techniques have demonstrated success in capturing a joint tissue's tissue physiology for studying the mechanism of OA. Adapting these techniques and strategies can help create human-specific in vitro models that recapitulate the cellular processes involved in OA. This review aims to comprehensively summarise various demonstrations of microfluidic platforms in mimicking joint microenvironments for future platform design iterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Jun Ye Ong
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane City, QLD 4000, Australia
- Center for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
- Max Planck Queensland Centre (MPQC) for the Materials Science of Extracellular Matrices, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane City, QLD 4000, Australia
- Correspondence: (L.J.Y.O.); (I.P.)
| | - Xiwei Fan
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane City, QLD 4000, Australia
- Center for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Antonia Rujia Sun
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane City, QLD 4000, Australia
- Center for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Lin Mei
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane City, QLD 4000, Australia
- Center for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Yi-Chin Toh
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane City, QLD 4000, Australia
- Center for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
- Max Planck Queensland Centre (MPQC) for the Materials Science of Extracellular Matrices, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane City, QLD 4000, Australia
- Centre for Microbiome Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane City, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Indira Prasadam
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane City, QLD 4000, Australia
- Center for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
- Correspondence: (L.J.Y.O.); (I.P.)
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Abstract
Drug testing, either on animals or on 2D cell cultures, has its limitations due to inaccurate mimicking of human pathophysiology. The liver, as one of the key organs that filters and detoxifies the blood, is susceptible to drug-induced injuries. Integrating 3D bioprinting with microfluidic chips to fabricate organ-on-chip platforms for 3D liver cell cultures with continuous perfusion can offer a more physiologically relevant liver-mimetic platform for screening drugs and studying liver function. The development of organ-on-chip platforms may ultimately contribute to personalized medicine as well as body-on-chip technology that can test drug responses and organ–organ interactions on a single or linked chip model.
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