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Qian SQ, Yuan M, Zuo XW, Cao H, Yu JS, Hao LL, Yang KL, Xu F. A novel strategy for enhancing the stability of aptamer conformations in heavy metal ion detection. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1306:342577. [PMID: 38692784 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detection methods based on aptamer probes have great potential and progress in the field of rapid detection of heavy metal ions. However, the unstable conformation of aptamers often results in poor sensitivity due to the dissociation of aptamer-target complex in real environments. RESULTS In this study, we developed a locking aptamer probe and combined it with AgInZnS quantum dots for the first time to detect cadmium ions. When cadmium ions are combined with the probe, the cadmium ions are fixed in the core-locking position, forming a stable cavity structure. The limit of detection (LOD) was achieved at a concentration of 6.9 nmol L-1, with a broad detection range from 10 nmol L-1 to 1000 μmol L-1, and good recovery rates (92.93%-102.8 %) were achieved in aquatic product testing. The locking aptamer probe with stable conformation effectively enhances the stability of the aptamer-target complex and remains good stability in four buffer environments as well as a 600 mmol L-1 salt solution; it also exhibits good stability at pH 6.5-7.5 and temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 35 °C. SIGNIFICANCE Overall, our study presented a general, simple, and cost-effective strategy for stabilizing aptamer conformations, and used for highly sensitive detection of cadmium ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Quan Qian
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Rapid Detection, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Yuan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Rapid Detection, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xian Wei Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Sensor and Sensing Technology of Gansu Province, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Rapid Detection, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Song Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Rapid Detection, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Ling Hao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Rapid Detection, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Lin Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Fei Xu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Rapid Detection, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
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Wang N, Gao Q, Li X, Li J, Lou X. Tris buffer-accelerated ligand exchange rate for instant fluorescence detection of trivalent chromium ion. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1302:342509. [PMID: 38580413 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Functional nucleic acids (FNAs) have attracted a lot of attention for the rapid detection of metal ions. Cr3+ is one of the major heavy metal ions in natural waters. Due to the slow ligand exchange rate of Cr3+, the FNA-based Cr3+ sensors require long assay times, limiting the on-site applications. In this study, we report that the good's buffers containing amino and polyhydroxy groups greatly increase the ligand exchange rate of Cr3+. Using EDTA as a model coordinate ligand, the Tris buffer (100 mM, pH 7.0) showed the best acceleration effect among the eight buffers. It improved the rate constant ∼20-fold, shorten the half-time 19-fold, and lowered the activation energy ∼70% at 40 °C. The Tris buffer was then applied for sensor based on the Cr3+-binding induced fluorescence quenching of fluorescein (FAM)-labeled and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), which shortened the assay time from 1 h to 1 min. The Tris buffer also ∼100% enhanced the fluorescence intensity of FAM, achieving the 11.4-fold lower limit of detection (LOD = 6.97 nM, S/N = 3). By the combination use of the Tris buffer and ascorbic acid, the strong interference from Cu2+, Pb2+, and Fe3+ suffered in many previous reported Cr3+ sensors was avoided. The practical application of the sensor for the detection of Cr3+ spiked in the real water samples were demonstrated with high recovery percentages. The Tris buffer could be applied for other metal ions with slow ligand exchange rate (such as V2+, Co3+ and Fe2+) to solve diverse issues such as long assay time and low synthesis yield of metal complexes, without the need of heating treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Xisanhuan North Road. 105, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Qianni Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Xisanhuan North Road. 105, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Xisanhuan North Road. 105, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jinming Li
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Xisanhuan North Road. 105, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xinhui Lou
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Xisanhuan North Road. 105, Beijing, 100048, China.
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Li W, Lu L, Du H. Deciphering DOM-metal binding using EEM-PARAFAC: Mechanisms, challenges, and perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:14388-14405. [PMID: 38289550 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32072-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a pivotal component of the biogeochemical cycles and can combine with metal ions through chelation or complexation. Understanding this process is crucial for tracing metal solubility, mobility, and bioavailability. Fluorescence excitation emission matrix (EEM) and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) has emerged as a popular tool in deciphering DOM-metal interactions. In this review, we primarily discuss the advantages of EEM-PARAFAC compared with other algorithms and its main limitations in studying DOM-metal binding, including restrictions in spectral considerations, mathematical assumptions, and experimental procedures, as well as how to overcome these constraints and shortcomings. We summarize the principles of EEM to uncover DOM-metal association, including why fluorescence gets quenched and some potential mechanisms that affect the accuracy of fluorescence quenching. Lastly, we review some significant and innovative research, including the application of 2D-COS in DOM-metal binding analysis, hoping to provide a fresh perspective for possible future hotspots of study. We argue the expansion of EEM applications to a broader range of areas related to natural organic matter. This extension would facilitate our exploration of the mobility and fate of metals in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Li
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410127, China
- Yuelu Mountain Laboratory, Hunan Agricultural University Area, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Lei Lu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410127, China
- Yuelu Mountain Laboratory, Hunan Agricultural University Area, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Huihui Du
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410127, China.
- Yuelu Mountain Laboratory, Hunan Agricultural University Area, Changsha, 410000, China.
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Kapoor A, Pratibha, Rajput JK, Kumar A. AIEE Active Azomethine-Based Rhodamine Derivative For Ultrasensitive Multichannel Detection of Au 3+ Through a Fluorimetrically, Electrochemically, and RGB-Based Sensing Assay. Anal Chem 2023; 95:5796-5806. [PMID: 36958309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel rhodamine-based optically and electrochemically active chemosensor, integrated with a p-DMAC moiety, demonstrated extremely selective identification of Au3+ ions relative to other metal species, including (Li+, Na+, K+, Ba2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Ni2+, Fe2+, Hg2+, Fe3+, Cd2+, Pd2+, Al3+, Cr3+, Cu2+, and nitrate salt of Ag+). These compounds demonstrated a novel and outstanding aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) behavior by aggregating in DMF/H2O medium. Furthermore, the degree of quenching was varying linearly with a Au3+ concentration from 0 to 40 nM, with a lower detection limit by RH-DMAC nanoaggregates of 118.79 picomolar (40.35 ppm). The Stern-Volmer plots, Job's plot, Benesi-Hildebrand plot, 1H NMR titrations, ESI-mass, and FTIR all revealed significant interactions between the sensor and Au3+. Moreover, the proposed electrochemical sensor afforded a linear correlation before the peak current and concentration of Au3+ in the range of 0-40 nM, with a detection limit of 483.73 pM or 164.36 ppt (by cyclic voltammetry method) and 298.0 pM or 101.24 ppt (by the Differential Pulse Voltammetry method). Furthermore, the proposed sensing assay was used to measure Au3+ ion in spiked water samples (tap, drinking, waste, and river water), achieving acceptable accuracy and precision with high recovery rates. Furthermore, RH-DMAC-coated fluorescence paper test strips were designed for on-site Au3+ detection. Apart from this, the use of smartphone-based RGB (Red Green Blue) color analysis shortened the operating process, accelerated the detection technique, and provided a novel methodology for the instantaneous, real-time examination of Au3+ in real water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar-144011, Punjab, India
| | - Pratibha
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar-144011, Punjab, India
| | - Jaspreet Kaur Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar-144011, Punjab, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India
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Hong S, Yang Z, Mou Q, Luan Y, Zhang B, Pei R, Lu Y. Monitoring leaching of Cd 2+ from cadmium-based quantum dots by an Cd aptamer fluorescence sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 220:114880. [PMID: 36402100 PMCID: PMC10139768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Quantum Dots (QDs) have been demonstrated with outstanding optical properties and thus been widely used in many biological and biomedical studies. However, previous studies have shown that QDs can cause cell toxicity, mainly attributable to the leached Cd2+. Therefore, identifying the leaching kinetics is very important to understand QD biosafety and cytotoxicity. Toward this goal, instrumental analyses such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) have been used, which are time-consuming, costly and do not provide real-time or spatial information. To overcome these limitations, we report herein a fast and cost-effective fluorescence sensor based a Cd2+-specific aptamer for real-time monitoring the rapid leaching kinetics of QDs in vitro and in living cells. The sensor shows high specificity towards Cd2+ and is able to measure the Cd2+ leached either from water-dispersed CdTe QDs or two-layered CdSe/CdS QDs. The sensor is then used to study the stability of these two types of QDs under conditions to mimic cellular pH and temperature and the results from the sensor are similar to those obtained from ICP-MS. Finally, the sensor is able to monitor the leaching of Cd2+ from QDs in HeLa cells. The fluorescence aptamer sensor described in this study may find many applications as a tool for understanding biosafety of numerous other Cd-based QDs, including leaching kinetics and toxicity mechanisms in living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanni Hong
- Department of Medical Imaging Technology, School of Medical Imaging, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, PR China; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interfaces, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Quanbing Mou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Yunxia Luan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Bingbo Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, PR China.
| | - Renjun Pei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interfaces, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China.
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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