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Weiz G, González AL, Mansilla IS, Fernandez-Zapico ME, Molejón MI, Breccia JD. Rutinosides-derived from Sarocladium strictum 6-O-α-rhamnosyl-β-glucosidase show enhanced anti-tumoral activity in pancreatic cancer cells. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:133. [PMID: 38720294 PMCID: PMC11077868 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02395-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low targeting efficacy and high toxicity continue to be challenges in Oncology. A promising strategy is the glycosylation of chemotherapeutic agents to improve their pharmacodynamics and anti-tumoral activity. Herein, we provide evidence of a novel approach using diglycosidases from fungi of the Hypocreales order to obtain novel rutinose-conjugates therapeutic agents with enhanced anti-tumoral capacity. RESULTS Screening for diglycosidase activity in twenty-eight strains of the genetically related genera Acremonium and Sarocladium identified 6-O-α-rhamnosyl-β-glucosidase (αRβG) of Sarocladium strictum DMic 093557 as candidate enzyme for our studies. Biochemically characterization shows that αRβG has the ability to transglycosylate bulky OH-acceptors, including bioactive compounds. Interestingly, rutinoside-derivatives of phloroglucinol (PR) resorcinol (RR) and 4-methylumbelliferone (4MUR) displayed higher growth inhibitory activity on pancreatic cancer cells than the respective aglycones without significant affecting normal pancreatic epithelial cells. PR exhibited the highest efficacy with an IC50 of 0.89 mM, followed by RR with an IC50 of 1.67 mM, and 4MUR with an IC50 of 2.4 mM, whereas the respective aglycones displayed higher IC50 values: 4.69 mM for phloroglucinol, 5.90 mM for resorcinol, and 4.8 mM for 4-methylumbelliferone. Further, glycoconjugates significantly sensitized pancreatic cancer cells to the standard of care chemotherapy agent gemcitabine. CONCLUSIONS αRβG from S. strictum transglycosylate-based approach to synthesize rutinosides represents a suitable option to enhance the anti-proliferative effect of bioactive compounds. This finding opens up new possibilities for developing more effective therapies for pancreatic cancer and other solid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Weiz
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa (INCITAP), Universidad Nacional de La Pampa-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNLPam-CONICET), Av. Uruguay 151, 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina.
| | - Alina L González
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa (INCITAP), Universidad Nacional de La Pampa-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNLPam-CONICET), Av. Uruguay 151, 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
| | - Iara S Mansilla
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa (INCITAP), Universidad Nacional de La Pampa-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNLPam-CONICET), Av. Uruguay 151, 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
| | - Martín E Fernandez-Zapico
- Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, Division of Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - María I Molejón
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa (INCITAP), Universidad Nacional de La Pampa-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNLPam-CONICET), Av. Uruguay 151, 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
| | - Javier D Breccia
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa (INCITAP), Universidad Nacional de La Pampa-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNLPam-CONICET), Av. Uruguay 151, 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
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2
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Leng F, Zhou S, Li S, Xu M, Zhang K, Guo T, Chen T, Yang P. Solubility, Crystallization, and Characterization of Cytidine Sulfate. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:25288-25294. [PMID: 37483214 PMCID: PMC10357447 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Cytidine is an important kind of nucleoside that can be applied to drug development and food industry. Cytidine sulfate is one of its popular forms, which is promising as a medicinal intermediate, especially in antiviral and antitumor drugs. Product refining is the key point of industrial development, and crystallization is a significant way of refining. In this work, the solubility of cytidine sulfate in pure water from 278.15 to 328.15 K and in water-ethanol binary solvents at 298.15 K was measured by the UV spectroscopic method. The solubility data were correlated with temperature and solvent composition using the modified Apelblat, van't Hoff, and CNIBS/R-K equations. On this basis, we investigated and compared three crystallization processes, and the coupling method was developed to prepare crystals with a large particle size, concentrated distribution, and high yield and packing density. In addition, the structure and stability of the products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic vapor sorption analysis. It was found that cytidine sulfate has only one crystal form in our research process, and the product of coupling crystallization is stable and favorable for industrial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Leng
- National
Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key
Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of
Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shuyang Zhou
- National
Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key
Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of
Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shushu Li
- National
Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key
Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of
Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mengjie Xu
- National
Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key
Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of
Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Keke Zhang
- Biology+
Joint Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Jiangsu
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50, Zhongling Street, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Tianpeng Chen
- National
Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key
Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of
Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Pengpeng Yang
- National
Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key
Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of
Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Biocatalytic cascade transformations for the synthesis of C-nucleosides and N-nucleoside analogs. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 79:102873. [PMID: 36630750 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2022.102873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Nucleosides and their analogs, including those that feature substitution of the canonical N-glycosidic by a C-glycosidic linkage, provide access to potent antiviral, antibacterial, and antitumor drugs. Furthermore, they are key building blocks of m-RNA vaccines and play a crucial role for vaccine therapeutic effectiveness. As the medicinal applications of nucleosides increase in number and importance, there is a growing need for efficiency-enhanced routes of nucleoside synthesis. Cascade biocatalysis, that is, the application of natural or evolved enzymes promoting complex transformations in multiple steps in one pot and without the need of intermediate purification, emerges as a powerful tool to obtain nucleosides from readily available starting materials. Recent efforts in enzyme discovery and protein engineering expand the toolbox of catalysts active toward nucleosides or nucleotides. In this review, we highlight recent applications, and discuss challenges, of cascade biocatalysis for nucleoside synthesis. We focus on C-nucleosides and important analogs of the canonical N-nucleosides.
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4
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The Effect of E. coli Uridine-Cytidine Kinase Gene Deletion on Cytidine Synthesis and Transcriptome Analysis. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8110586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cytidine is an antiviral and anticancer drug intermediate, its primary method of manufacture being fermentation. Uridine-cytidine kinase (UCK) catalyzes the reverse process of phosphorylation of cytidine to produce cytidylic acid, which influences cytidine accumulation in the Escherichia coli cytidine biosynthesis pathway. The cytidine-producing strain E. coli NXBG-11 was used as the starting strain in this work; the udk gene coding UCK was knocked out of the chromosomal genome using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 technology. The mutant strain E. coli NXBG-12 was obtained; its transcriptomics were studied to see how udk gene deletion affected cytidine synthesis and cell-wide transcription. The mutant strain E. coli NXBG-12 generated 1.28 times more cytidine than the original strain E. coli NXBG-11 after 40 h of shake-flask fermentation at 37 °C. The udk gene was knocked out, and transcriptome analysis showed that there were 1168 differentially expressed genes between the mutant and original strains, 559 upregulated genes and 609 downregulated genes. It was primarily shown that udk gene knockout has a positive impact on the cytidine synthesis network because genes involved in cytidine synthesis were significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) and genes related to the cytidine precursor PRPP and cofactor NADPH were upregulated in the PPP and TCA pathways. These results principally demonstrate that udk gene deletion has a favorable impact on the cytidine synthesis network. The continual improvement of cytidine synthesis and metasynthesis is made possible by this information, which is also useful for further converting microorganisms that produce cytidine.
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Whole Cell-mediated Biocatalytic Synthesis of Helicid Cinnamylate and Its Biological Evaluation as a Novel Tyrosinase Inhibitor. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-021-0288-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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6
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Drenichev MS, Dorinova EO, Varizhuk IV, Oslovsky VE, Varga MA, Esipov RS, Lykoshin DD, Alexeev CS. Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Analogues of Purine Deoxynucleosides: Optimization of Enzymatic Transglycosylation Conditions. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2022; 503:52-58. [PMID: 35538278 PMCID: PMC9090681 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672922020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a comparative analysis of the conditions of transglycosylation reactions catalyzed by E. coli nucleoside phosphorylases was carried out, and the optimal conditions for the formation of various nucleosides were determined. Under the optimized conditions of transglycosylation reaction, fluorine-containing derivatives of N6-benzyl-2'-deoxyadenosine, potential inhibitors of replication of enteroviruses in a cell, were obtained starting from the corresponding ribonucleosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Drenichev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - E O Dorinova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - I V Varizhuk
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - V E Oslovsky
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Varga
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R S Esipov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D D Lykoshin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - C S Alexeev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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7
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Drenichev MS, Oslovsky VE, Zenchenko AA, Danilova CV, Varga MA, Esipov RS, Lykoshin DD, Alexeev CS. Comparative Analysis of Enzymatic Transglycosylation Using E. coli Nucleoside Phosphorylases: A Synthetic Concept for the Preparation of Purine Modified 2′-Deoxyribonucleosides from Ribonucleosides. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052795. [PMID: 35269937 PMCID: PMC8911250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A comparative analysis of the transglycosylation conditions catalyzed by E. coli nucleoside phosphorylases, leading to the formation of 2'-deoxynucleosides, was performed. We demonstrated that maximal yields of 2'-deoxynucleosides, especially modified, can be achieved under small excess of glycosyl-donor (7-methyl-2'-deoxyguanosine, thymidine) and a 4-fold lack of phosphate. A phosphate concentration less than equimolar one allows using only a slight excess of the carbohydrate residue donor nucleoside to increase the reaction's output. A three-step methodology was elaborated for the preparative synthesis of purine-modified 2'-deoxyribonucleosides, starting from the corresponding ribonucleosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail S. Drenichev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.D.); (V.E.O.); (A.A.Z.); (C.V.D.); (M.A.V.)
| | - Vladimir E. Oslovsky
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.D.); (V.E.O.); (A.A.Z.); (C.V.D.); (M.A.V.)
| | - Anastasia A. Zenchenko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.D.); (V.E.O.); (A.A.Z.); (C.V.D.); (M.A.V.)
| | - Claudia V. Danilova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.D.); (V.E.O.); (A.A.Z.); (C.V.D.); (M.A.V.)
| | - Mikhail A. Varga
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.D.); (V.E.O.); (A.A.Z.); (C.V.D.); (M.A.V.)
| | - Roman S. Esipov
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Technologies, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulitsa Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, GSP-7, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (R.S.E.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Dmitry D. Lykoshin
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Technologies, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulitsa Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, GSP-7, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (R.S.E.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Cyril S. Alexeev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.D.); (V.E.O.); (A.A.Z.); (C.V.D.); (M.A.V.)
- Correspondence: or
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8
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Varizhuk IV, Oslovsky VE, Solyev PN, Drenichev MS, Mikhailov SN. Synthesis of α-D-Ribose 1-Phosphate and 2-Deoxy-α-D-Ribose 1-Phosphate Via Enzymatic Phosphorolysis of 7-Methylguanosine and 7-Methyldeoxyguanosine. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e347. [PMID: 35050551 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient method for the preparation of α-D-ribose 1-phosphate and 2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate, key intermediates in nucleoside metabolism and important starting compounds for the enzymatic synthesis of various modified nucleosides, has been proposed. It consists in near-irreversible enzymatic phosphorolysis of readily prepared hydroiodide salts of 7-methylguanosine and 7-methyl-2'-deoxyguanosine, respectively, in the presence of purine nucleoside phosphorylase. α-D-Ribose 1-phosphate and 2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate are obtained in near quantitative yields (by HPLC analysis) and 74%-94% yields after their isolation and purification. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Preparation of α-D-ribose 1-phosphate barium salt (4a) Alternate Protocol 1: Preparation of 2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate barium salt (4b) Basic Protocol 2: Preparation of α-D-ribose 1-phosphate bis(cyclohexylammonium) salt (5a) Alternate Protocol 2: Preparation of 2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate bis(cyclohexylammonium) salt (5b).
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Varizhuk
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir E Oslovsky
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel N Solyev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail S Drenichev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey N Mikhailov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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9
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Eltoukhy L, Loderer C. A Multi-enzyme Cascade for the Biosynthesis of AICA Ribonucleoside Di- and Triphosphate. Chembiochem 2021; 23:e202100596. [PMID: 34859954 PMCID: PMC9299608 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AICA (5′‐aminoimidazole‐4‐carboxamide) ribonucleotides with different phosphorylation levels are the pharmaceutically active metabolites of AICA nucleoside‐based drugs. The chemical synthesis of AICA ribonucleotides with defined phosphorylation is challenging and expensive. In this study, we describe two enzymatic cascades to synthesize AICA derivatives with defined phosphorylation levels from the corresponding nucleobase and the co‐substrate phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate. The cascades are composed of an adenine phosphoribosyltransferase from Escherichia coli (EcAPT) and different polyphosphate kinases: polyphosphate kinase from Acinetobacter johnsonii (AjPPK), and polyphosphate kinase from Meiothermus ruber (MrPPK). The role of the EcAPT is to bind the nucleobase to the sugar moiety, while the kinases are responsible for further phosphorylation of the nucleotide to produce the desired phosphorylated AICA ribonucleotide. The selected enzymes were characterized, and conditions were established for two enzymatic cascades. The diphosphorylated AICA ribonucleotide derivative ZDP, synthesized from the cascade EcAPT/AjPPK, was produced with a conversion up to 91 %. The EcAPT/MrPPK cascade yielded ZTP with conversion up to 65 % with ZDP as a side product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lobna Eltoukhy
- Chair of Molecular Biotechnology Institute for Microbiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christoph Loderer
- Chair of Molecular Biotechnology Institute for Microbiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217, Dresden, Germany
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10
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Acosta J, Nguyen K, Spitale RC, Fernández-Lucas J. Taylor-made production of pyrimidine nucleoside-5'-monophosphate analogues by highly stabilized mutant uracil phosphoribosyltransferase from Toxoplasma gondii. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 339:125649. [PMID: 34329899 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, enzymatic synthesis of nucleotides is an efficient and sustainable alternative to chemical methodologies. In this regard, after the biochemical characterization of wild-type and mutant uracil phosphoribosyltransferases from Toxoplasma gondii (TgUPRT, TgUPRT2, and TgUPRT3), TgUPRT2 was selected as the optimal candidate (69.5 IU mg-1, UMP synthesis) for structure-guided immobilization onto Ni2+ chelate (MNiUPRT2) and onto glutaraldehyde-activated microparticles (MGlUPRT2). Among resulting derivatives, MNiUPRT23 (6127 IU g-1biocat; 92% retained activity; 3-5 fold enhanced stability at 50-60 °C) and MGlUPRT2N (3711 IU g-1biocat; 27% retained activity; 8-20 fold enhanced stability at 50-60 °C) displayed the best operability. Moreover, the enzymatic synthesis of different pyrimidine NMPs was performed. Finally, the reusability of both derivatives in 5-FUMP synthesis (MNiUPRT23, 80% retained activity after 7 cycles, 5 min; MGlUPRT2N, 70% retained activity after 10 cycles, 20 min) was carried out at short times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Acosta
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Calle Tajo, s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón 28670, Spain
| | - Kim Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Robert C Spitale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jesús Fernández-Lucas
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Calle Tajo, s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón 28670, Spain; Grupo Investigación Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, GICNEX, Universidad de la Costa, Calle 58 # 55-66. Barranquilla, Colombia.
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11
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Yang C, Feng H, Stone K. Characterization of Propionyl Phosphate Hydrolysis Kinetics by Data-Rich Experiments and In-Line Process Analytical Technology. Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuixian Yang
- Small Molecular Process Research & Development (SMPRD), MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Hanzhou Feng
- Process Analytical Technology, MMD, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Kevin Stone
- Small Molecular Process Research & Development (SMPRD), MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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12
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Ma R, Fang H, Liu H, Pan L, Wang H, Zhang H. Overexpression of uracil permease and nucleoside transporter from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens improves cytidine production in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:1211-1219. [PMID: 33646457 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytidine is an important raw material for nucleic acid health food and genetic engineering research. In recent years, it has shown irreplaceable effects in anti-virus, anti-tumor, and AIDS drugs. Its biosynthetic pathway is complex and highly regulated. In this study, overexpression of uracil permease and a nucleoside transporter from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens related to cell membrane transport in Escherichia coli strain BG-08 was found to increase cytidine production in shake flask cultivation by 1.3-fold (0.91 ± 0.03 g/L) and 1.8-fold (1.26 ± 0.03 g/L) relative to that of the original strain (0.70 ± 0.03 g/L), respectively. Co-overexpression of uracil permease and a nucleoside transporter further increased cytidine yield by 2.7-fold (1.59 ± 0.05 g/L) compared with that of the original strain. These results indicate that the overexpressed uracil permease and nucleoside transporter can promote the accumulation of cytidine, and the two proteins play a synergistic role in the secretion of cytidine in Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoshuang Ma
- Ningxia Key Laboratory for Food Microbial-Applications Technology and Safety Control, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Haitian Fang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory for Food Microbial-Applications Technology and Safety Control, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Huiyan Liu
- Ningxia Key Laboratory for Food Microbial-Applications Technology and Safety Control, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
| | - Lin Pan
- Ningxia Key Laboratory for Food Microbial-Applications Technology and Safety Control, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory for Food Microbial-Applications Technology and Safety Control, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory for Food Microbial-Applications Technology and Safety Control, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
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13
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Del Arco J, Acosta J, Fernández-Lucas J. New trends in the biocatalytic production of nucleosidic active pharmaceutical ingredients using 2'-deoxyribosyltransferases. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 51:107701. [PMID: 33515673 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, pharmaceutical industry demands competitive and eco-friendly processes for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) manufacturing. In this context, enzyme and whole-cell mediated processes offer an efficient, sustainable and cost-effective alternative to the traditional multi-step and environmentally-harmful chemical processes. Particularly, 2'-deoxyribosyltransferases (NDTs) have emerged as a novel synthetic alternative, not only to chemical but also to other enzyme-mediated synthetic processes. This review describes recent findings in the development and scaling up of NDTs as industrial biocatalysts, including the most relevant and recent examples of single enzymatic steps, multienzyme cascades, chemo-enzymatic approaches, and engineered biocatalysts. Finally, to reflect the inventive and innovative steps of NDT-mediated bioprocesses, a detailed analysis of recently granted patents, with specific focus on industrial synthesis of nucleoside-based APIs, is hereunder presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Del Arco
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, E-28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Acosta
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, E-28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Fernández-Lucas
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, E-28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, GICNEX, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55 - 66, Barranquilla, Colombia.
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14
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Artsemyeva JN, Remeeva EA, Buravskaya TN, Konstantinova ID, Esipov RS, Miroshnikov AI, Litvinko NM, Mikhailopulo IA. Anion exchange resins in phosphate form as versatile carriers for the reactions catalyzed by nucleoside phosphorylases. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2607-2622. [PMID: 33133292 PMCID: PMC7588730 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, we suggested anion exchange resins in the phosphate form as a source of phosphate, one of the substrates of the phosphorolysis of uridine, thymidine, and 1-(β-ᴅ-arabinofuranosyl)uracil (Ara-U) catalyzed by recombinant E. coli uridine (UP) and thymidine (TP) phosphorylases. α-ᴅ-Pentofuranose-1-phosphates (PF-1Pis) obtained by phosphorolysis were used in the enzymatic synthesis of nucleosides. It was found that phosphorolysis of uridine, thymidine, and Ara-U in the presence of Dowex® 1X8 (phosphate; Dowex-nPi) proceeded smoothly in the presence of magnesium cations in water at 20-50 °C for 54-96 h giving rise to quantitative formation of the corresponding pyrimidine bases and PF-1Pis. The resulting PF-1Pis can be used in three routes: (1) preparation of barium salts of PF-1Pis, (2) synthesis of nucleosides by reacting the crude PF-1Pi with an heterocyclic base, and (3) synthesis of nucleosides by reacting the ionically bound PF-1Pi to the resin with an heterocyclic base. These three approaches were tested in the synthesis of nelarabine, kinetin riboside, and cladribine with good to excellent yields (52-93%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia N Artsemyeva
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220141 Minsk, Acad. Kuprevicha 5/2, Republic of Belarus
| | - Ekaterina A Remeeva
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220141 Minsk, Acad. Kuprevicha 5/2, Republic of Belarus
| | - Tatiana N Buravskaya
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220141 Minsk, Acad. Kuprevicha 5/2, Republic of Belarus
| | - Irina D Konstantinova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP-7, Moscow B-437, Russian Federation
| | - Roman S Esipov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP-7, Moscow B-437, Russian Federation
| | - Anatoly I Miroshnikov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP-7, Moscow B-437, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia M Litvinko
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220141 Minsk, Acad. Kuprevicha 5/2, Republic of Belarus
| | - Igor A Mikhailopulo
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220141 Minsk, Acad. Kuprevicha 5/2, Republic of Belarus
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15
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Yehia H, Westarp S, Röhrs V, Kaspar F, Giessmann RT, Klare HF, Paulick K, Neubauer P, Kurreck J, Wagner A. Efficient Biocatalytic Synthesis of Dihalogenated Purine Nucleoside Analogues Applying Thermodynamic Calculations. Molecules 2020; 25:E934. [PMID: 32093094 PMCID: PMC7070685 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzymatic synthesis of nucleoside analogues has been shown to be a sustainable and efficient alternative to chemical synthesis routes. In this study, dihalogenated nucleoside analogues were produced by thermostable nucleoside phosphorylases in transglycosylation reactions using uridine or thymidine as sugar donors. Prior to the enzymatic process, ideal maximum product yields were calculated after the determination of equilibrium constants through monitoring the equilibrium conversion in analytical-scale reactions. Equilibrium constants for dihalogenated nucleosides were comparable to known purine nucleosides, ranging between 0.071 and 0.081. To achieve 90% product yield in the enzymatic process, an approximately five-fold excess of sugar donor was needed. Nucleoside analogues were purified by semi-preparative HPLC, and yields of purified product were approximately 50% for all target compounds. To evaluate the impact of halogen atoms in positions 2 and 6 on the antiproliferative activity in leukemic cell lines, the cytotoxic potential of dihalogenated nucleoside analogues was studied in the leukemic cell line HL-60. Interestingly, the inhibition of HL-60 cells with dihalogenated nucleoside analogues was substantially lower than with monohalogenated cladribine, which is known to show high antiproliferative activity. Taken together, we demonstrate that thermodynamic calculations and small-scale experiments can be used to produce nucleoside analogues with high yields and purity on larger scales. The procedure can be used for the generation of new libraries of nucleoside analogues for screening experiments or to replace the chemical synthesis routes of marketed nucleoside drugs by enzymatic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Yehia
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty III Process Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany; (H.Y.); (S.W.); (F.K.); (R.T.G.); (K.P.); (P.N.)
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sarah Westarp
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty III Process Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany; (H.Y.); (S.W.); (F.K.); (R.T.G.); (K.P.); (P.N.)
- BioNukleo GmbH, Ackerstr. 76, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Viola Röhrs
- Chair of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty III Process Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany; (V.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Felix Kaspar
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty III Process Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany; (H.Y.); (S.W.); (F.K.); (R.T.G.); (K.P.); (P.N.)
- BioNukleo GmbH, Ackerstr. 76, 13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert T. Giessmann
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty III Process Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany; (H.Y.); (S.W.); (F.K.); (R.T.G.); (K.P.); (P.N.)
| | - Hendrik F.T. Klare
- Faculty II Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Katharina Paulick
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty III Process Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany; (H.Y.); (S.W.); (F.K.); (R.T.G.); (K.P.); (P.N.)
| | - Peter Neubauer
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty III Process Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany; (H.Y.); (S.W.); (F.K.); (R.T.G.); (K.P.); (P.N.)
| | - Jens Kurreck
- Chair of Applied Biochemistry, Faculty III Process Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany; (V.R.); (J.K.)
| | - Anke Wagner
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty III Process Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany; (H.Y.); (S.W.); (F.K.); (R.T.G.); (K.P.); (P.N.)
- BioNukleo GmbH, Ackerstr. 76, 13355 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Yang K, Li Z. Multistep construction of metabolically engineered Escherichia coli for enhanced cytidine biosynthesis. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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17
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Use of nucleoside phosphorylases for the preparation of 5-modified pyrimidine ribonucleosides. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2019; 1868:140292. [PMID: 31676450 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.140292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic transglycosylation, a transfer of the carbohydrate moiety from one heterocyclic base to another, is catalyzed by nucleoside phosphorylases (NPs) and is being actively developed and applied for the synthesis of biologically important nucleosides. Here, we report an efficient one-step synthesis of 5-substitited pyrimidine ribonucleosides starting from 7-methylguanosine hydroiodide in the presence of nucleoside phosphorylases (NPs).
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18
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Xu L, Liu X, Li Y, Yin Z, Jin L, Lu L, Qu J, Xiao M. Enzymatic rhamnosylation of anticancer drugs by an α-L-rhamnosidase from Alternaria sp. L1 for cancer-targeting and enzyme-activated prodrug therapy. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:7997-8008. [PMID: 31414160 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of rhamnosylated compounds has gained great importance since these compounds have potential therapeutic applications. The enzymatic approaches for glycosylation of bioactive molecules have been well developed; however, the enzymatic rhamnosylation has been largely hindered by lacking of the glycosyl donor for rhamnosyltransferases. Here, we employed an α-L-rhamnosidase from Alternaria sp. L1 (RhaL1) to perform one-step rhamnosylation of anticancer drugs, including 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (FUDR), cytosine arabinoside (Ara C), and hydroxyurea (Hydrea). The key synthesis conditions including substrate concentrations and reaction time were carefully optimized, and the maximum yields of each rhamnosylated drugs were 57.7 mmol for rhamnosylated Ara C, 68.6 mmol for rhamnosylated Hydrea, and 42.2 mmol for rhamnosylated FUDR. It is worth pointing out that these rhamnosylated drugs exhibit little cytotoxic effects on cancer cells, but could efficiently restore cytotoxic activity when incubated with exogenous α-L-rhamnosidase, suggesting their potential applications in the enzyme-activated prodrug system. To evaluate the cancer-targeting ability of rhamnose moiety, the rhamnose-conjugated fluorescence dye rhodamine B (Rha-RhB) was constructed. The fluorescence probe Rha-RhB displayed much higher cell affinity and cellular internalization rate of oral cancer cell KB and breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 than that of the normal epithelial cells MCF 10A, suggesting that the rhamnose moiety could mediate the specific internalization of rhamnosylated compounds into cancer cells, which greatly facilitated their applications for cancer-targeting drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinping Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhao Yin
- State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Jin
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Lu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyao Qu
- State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Xiao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Abstract
Selection of viral mutants resistant to compounds used in therapy is a major determinant of treatment failure, a problem akin to antibiotic resistance in bacteria. In this scenario, mutagenic base and nucleoside analogs have entered the picture because they increase the mutation rate of viral populations to levels incompatible with their survival. This antiviral strategy is termed lethal mutagenesis. It has found a major impulse with the observation that some antiviral agents, which initially were considered only inhibitors of virus multiplication, may in effect exert part of their antiviral activity through mutagenesis. Here, we review the conceptual basis of lethal mutagenesis, the evidence of virus extinction through mutagenic nucleotide analogs and prospects for application in antiviral designs.
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20
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Flamme M, McKenzie LK, Sarac I, Hollenstein M. Chemical methods for the modification of RNA. Methods 2019; 161:64-82. [PMID: 30905751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA is often considered as being the vector for the transmission of genetic information from DNA to the protein synthesis machinery. However, besides translation RNA participates in a broad variety of fundamental biological roles such as gene expression and regulation, protein synthesis, and even catalysis of chemical reactions. This variety of function combined with intricate three-dimensional structures and the discovery of over 100 chemical modifications in natural RNAs require chemical methods for the modification of RNAs in order to investigate their mechanism, location, and exact biological roles. In addition, numerous RNA-based tools such as ribozymes, aptamers, or therapeutic oligonucleotides require the presence of additional chemical functionalities to strengthen the nucleosidic backbone against degradation or enhance the desired catalytic or binding properties. Herein, the two main methods for the chemical modification of RNA are presented: solid-phase synthesis using phosphoramidite precursors and the enzymatic polymerization of nucleoside triphosphates. The different synthetic and biochemical steps required for each method are carefully described and recent examples of practical applications based on these two methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Flamme
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, CNRS UMR3523, 28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège doctoral, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Luke K McKenzie
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, CNRS UMR3523, 28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Ivo Sarac
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, CNRS UMR3523, 28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Marcel Hollenstein
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, CNRS UMR3523, 28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.
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21
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Fateev IV, Sinitsina EV, Bikanasova AU, Kostromina MA, Tuzova ES, Esipova LV, Muravyova TI, Kayushin AL, Konstantinova ID, Esipov RS. Thermophilic phosphoribosyltransferases Thermus thermophilus HB27 in nucleotide synthesis. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:3098-3105. [PMID: 30643587 PMCID: PMC6317416 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoribosyltransferases are the tools that allow the synthesis of nucleotide analogues using multi-enzymatic cascades. The recombinant adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (TthAPRT) and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (TthHPRT) from Thermus thermophilus HB27 were expressed in E.coli strains and purified by chromatographic methods with yields of 10-13 mg per liter of culture. The activity dependence of TthAPRT and TthHPRT on different factors was investigated along with the substrate specificity towards different heterocyclic bases. The kinetic parameters for TthHPRT with natural substrates were determined. Two nucleotides were synthesized: 9-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)-2-chloroadenine 5'-monophosphate (2-Сl-AMP) using TthAPRT and 1-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-4-one 5'-monophosphate (Allop-MP) using TthНPRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilja V Fateev
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow, GSP-7, 117997, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Sinitsina
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow, GSP-7, 117997, Russia
| | - Aiguzel U Bikanasova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow, GSP-7, 117997, Russia
| | - Maria A Kostromina
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow, GSP-7, 117997, Russia
| | - Elena S Tuzova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow, GSP-7, 117997, Russia
| | - Larisa V Esipova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow, GSP-7, 117997, Russia
| | - Tatiana I Muravyova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow, GSP-7, 117997, Russia
| | - Alexei L Kayushin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow, GSP-7, 117997, Russia
| | - Irina D Konstantinova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow, GSP-7, 117997, Russia
| | - Roman S Esipov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow, GSP-7, 117997, Russia
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22
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Antipova OM, Zavyalova EG, Golovin AV, Pavlova GV, Kopylov AM, Reshetnikov RV. Advances in the Application of Modified Nucleotides in SELEX Technology. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 83:1161-1172. [PMID: 30472954 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers are widely used as molecular recognition elements for detecting and blocking functional biological molecules. Since the common "alphabet" of DNA and RNA consists of only four letters, the chemical diversity of aptamers is less than the diversity of protein recognition elements built of 20 amino acids. Chemical modification of nucleotides enlarges the potential of DNA/RNA aptamers. This review describes the latest achievements in a variety of approaches to aptamers selection with an extended genetic alphabet.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M Antipova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Apto-Pharm Ltd., Moscow, 115564, Russia
| | - E G Zavyalova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Apto-Pharm Ltd., Moscow, 115564, Russia
| | - A V Golovin
- Apto-Pharm Ltd., Moscow, 115564, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow, 119234, Russia.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - G V Pavlova
- Apto-Pharm Ltd., Moscow, 115564, Russia.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia.,Burdenko National Scientific and Practical Center for Neurosurgery, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125047, Russia
| | - A M Kopylov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Apto-Pharm Ltd., Moscow, 115564, Russia
| | - R V Reshetnikov
- Apto-Pharm Ltd., Moscow, 115564, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow, 119234, Russia.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
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23
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Wu H, Li Y, Ma Q, Li Q, Jia Z, Yang B, Xu Q, Fan X, Zhang C, Chen N, Xie X. Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for high-yield uridine production. Metab Eng 2018; 49:248-256. [PMID: 30189293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Uridine is a kind of pyrimidine nucleoside that has been widely applied in the pharmaceutical industry. Although microbial fermentation is a promising method for industrial production of uridine, an efficient microbial cell factory is still lacking. In this study, we constructed a metabolically engineered Escherichia coli capable of high-yield uridine production. First, we developed a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated chromosomal integration strategy to integrate large DNA into the E. coli chromosome, and a 9.7 kb DNA fragment including eight genes in the pyrimidine operon of Bacillus subtilis F126 was integrated into the yghX locus of E. coli W3110. The resultant strain produced 3.3 g/L uridine and 4.5 g/L uracil in shake flask culture for 32 h. Subsequently, five genes involved in uridine catabolism were knocked out, and the uridine titer increased to 7.8 g/L. As carbamyl phosphate, aspartate, and 5'-phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate are important precursors for uridine synthesis, we further modified several metabolism-related genes and synergistically improved the supply of these precursors, leading to a 76.9% increase in uridine production. Finally, nupC and nupG encoding nucleoside transport proteins were deleted, and the extracellular uridine accumulation increased to 14.5 g/L. After 64 h of fed-batch fermentation, the final engineered strain UR6 produced 70.3 g/L uridine with a yield and productivity of 0.259 g/g glucose and 1.1 g/L/h, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest uridine titer and productivity ever reported for the fermentative production of uridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyun Wu
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Qian Ma
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Qiang Li
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zifan Jia
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Bo Yang
- The Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization, SOA, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Qingyang Xu
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiaoguang Fan
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Chenglin Zhang
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Ning Chen
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Xixian Xie
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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24
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Del Arco J, Fernández-Lucas J. Purine and pyrimidine salvage pathway in thermophiles: a valuable source of biocatalysts for the industrial production of nucleic acid derivatives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:7805-7820. [PMID: 30027492 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9242-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Due to their similarity to natural counterparts, nucleic acid derivatives (nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides, among others) are interesting molecules for pharmaceutical, biomedical, or food industries. For this reason, there is increasing worldwide demand for the development of efficient synthetic processes for these compounds. Chemical synthetic methodologies require numerous protection-deprotection steps and often lead to the presence of undesirable by-products or enantiomeric mixtures. These methods also require harsh operating conditions, such as the use of organic solvents and hazard reagents. Conversely, enzymatic production by whole cells or enzymes improves regio-, stereo-, and enantioselectivity and provides an eco-friendly alternative. Because of their essential role in purine and pyrimidine scavenging, enzymes from purine and pyrimidine salvage pathways are valuable candidates for the synthesis of many different nucleic acid components. In recent years, many different enzymes from these routes, such as nucleoside phosphorylases, nucleoside kinases, 2'-deoxyribosyltransferases, phosphoribosyl transferases, or deaminases, have been successfully employed as biocatalysts in the production of nucleobase, nucleoside, or nucleotide analogs. Due to their great activity and stability at extremely high temperatures, the use of enzymes from thermophiles in industrial biocatalysis is gaining momentum. Thermophilic enzymes not only display unique characteristics such as temperature, chemical, and pH stability but also provide many different advantages from an industrial perspective. This mini-review aims to cover the most representative enzymatic approaches for the synthesis of nucleic acid derivatives. In this regard, we provide detailed comments about enzymes involved in crucial steps of purine and pyrimidine salvage pathways in thermophiles, as well as their biological role, biochemical characterization, active site mechanism, and substrate specificity. In addition, the most interesting synthetic examples reported in the literature are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Del Arco
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, c/ Tajo, s/n, E-28670, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Fernández-Lucas
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, c/ Tajo, s/n, E-28670, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain. .,Grupo de Investigación en Desarrollo Agroindustrial Sostenible, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 #55-66, Barranquilla, Colombia.
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Alexeev CS, Kulikova IV, Gavryushov S, Tararov VI, Mikhailov SN. Quantitative Prediction of Yield in Transglycosylation Reaction Catalyzed by Nucleoside Phosphorylases. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril S. Alexeev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilov str. 32 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Irina V. Kulikova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilov str. 32 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Sergei Gavryushov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilov str. 32 119991 Moscow Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University; 2-4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st. Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Vitali I. Tararov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilov str. 32 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Sergey N. Mikhailov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilov str. 32 119991 Moscow Russia
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Characterization of an atypical, thermostable, organic solvent- and acid-tolerant 2'-deoxyribosyltransferase from Chroococcidiopsis thermalis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:6947-6957. [PMID: 29872887 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9134-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
In our search for thermophilic and acid-tolerant nucleoside 2'-deoxyribosyltransferases (NDTs), we found a good candidate in an enzyme encoded by Chroococcidiopsis thermalis PCC 7203 (CtNDT). Biophysical and biochemical characterization revealed CtNDT as a homotetramer endowed with good activity and stability at both high temperatures (50-100 °C) and a wide range of pH values (from 3 to 7). CtNDT recognizes purine bases and their corresponding 2'-deoxynucleosides but is also proficient using cytosine and 2'-deoxycytidine as substrates. These unusual features preclude the strict classification of CtNDT as either a type I or a type II NDT and further suggest that this simple subdivision may need to be updated in the future. Our findings also hint at a possible link between oligomeric state and NDT's substrate specificity. Interestingly from a practical perspective, CtNDT displays high activity (80-100%) in the presence of several water-miscible co-solvents in a proportion of up to 20% and was successfully employed in the enzymatic production of several therapeutic nucleosides such as didanosine, vidarabine, and cytarabine.
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Utley LM, Maldonado J, Awad AM. A practical synthesis of xylo- and arabinofuranoside precursors by diastereoselective reduction using Corey-Bakshi-Shibata catalyst. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 37:20-34. [PMID: 29336673 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2017.1414240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The Corey-Bakshi-Shibata (CBS) catalyst provides an efficient mechanism to reduce ketones and achieve desired enantiopure alcohols. Herein, the diastereoselective reduction of C-2' and C-3'-keto ribofuranoside derivatives to the corresponding arabino- and xylofuranosides in greater than 95% diastereomeric excess is reported. The stereo-directed substitution with an azido group as well as the synthesis of prodrugs cytarabine and vidarabine are also described. The reported strategy offers superior diastereoselectivity, shorter reaction times, and obviates cooling required with comparable protocols involving achiral reductants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M Utley
- a Department of Chemistry , California State University Channel Islands , Camarillo , California , USA
| | - Jessica Maldonado
- a Department of Chemistry , California State University Channel Islands , Camarillo , California , USA
| | - Ahmed M Awad
- a Department of Chemistry , California State University Channel Islands , Camarillo , California , USA
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Drenichev MS, Alexeev CS, Kurochkin NN, Mikhailov SN. Use of Nucleoside Phosphorylases for the Preparation of Purine and Pyrimidine 2′-Deoxynucleosides. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail S. Drenichev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilov str. 32 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Cyril S. Alexeev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilov str. 32 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Nikolay N. Kurochkin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilov str. 32 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Sergey N. Mikhailov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilov str. 32 Moscow 119991 Russia
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29
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One-Pot Multi-Enzymatic Production of Purine Derivatives with Application in Pharmaceutical and Food Industry. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Gudiño ED, Santillán JY, Iglesias LE, Iribarren AM. An enzymatic alternative for the synthesis of nucleoside 5'-monophosphates. Enzyme Microb Technol 2017; 111:1-6. [PMID: 29421031 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A new procedure was carried out for the synthesis of nucleoside 5'-monophosphates, involving the use of two enzymes. The first step applied phospholipase D from Streptomyces netropsis and phosphatidylcholine as phosphatidyl donor, to give 5'-(3-sn-phosphatidyl) nucleosides (C, U, A, I). These were selectively hydrolysed in the second step by the action of phospholipase C from Bacillus cereus to produce the respective 5'-nucleotides. Application of this methodology on a preparative scale conducted to 5'-adenosine monophosphate in 63% overall yield from adenosine. The regioselectivity of these enzymes avoids protection steps, the overall synthesis is performed under mild reaction conditions and product isolation is easily achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban D Gudiño
- Laboratorio de Biotransformaciones, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352-(1876) Bernal, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julia Y Santillán
- Laboratorio de Biotransformaciones, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352-(1876) Bernal, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luis E Iglesias
- Laboratorio de Biotransformaciones, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352-(1876) Bernal, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adolfo M Iribarren
- Laboratorio de Biotransformaciones, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352-(1876) Bernal, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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del Arco J, Acosta J, Pereira HM, Perona A, Lokanath NK, Kunishima N, Fernández-Lucas J. Enzymatic Production of Non-Natural Nucleoside-5′-Monophosphates by a Thermostable Uracil Phosphoribosyltransferase. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jon del Arco
- Applied Biotechnology Group; Universidad Europea de Madrid; Urbanización El Bosque Calle Tajo s/n 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón Madrid) Spain
| | - Javier Acosta
- Applied Biotechnology Group; Universidad Europea de Madrid; Urbanización El Bosque Calle Tajo s/n 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón Madrid) Spain
| | - Humberto M. Pereira
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos; Universidade de São Paulo; CP369 13560-970 São Carlos SP Brazil
| | - Almudena Perona
- Applied Biotechnology Group; Universidad Europea de Madrid; Urbanización El Bosque Calle Tajo s/n 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón Madrid) Spain
| | - Neratur K. Lokanath
- Department of Studies in Physics; University of Mysore; Mysore 570 006 India
| | - Naoki Kunishima
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center; 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Jesús Fernández-Lucas
- Applied Biotechnology Group; Universidad Europea de Madrid; Urbanización El Bosque Calle Tajo s/n 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón Madrid) Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Desarrollo Agroindustrial Sostenible; Universidad de la Costa; CUC; Calle 58 # 55-66 Barranquilla Colombia
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New nucleoside hydrolase with transribosylation activity from Agromyces sp. MM-1 and its application for enzymatic synthesis of 2'-O-methylribonucleosides. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 125:38-45. [PMID: 28826816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms were screened for transribosylation activity between 2'-O-methyluridine (2'-OMe-UR) and nucleobases, for the purpose of developing a biotransformation process to synthesize 2'-O-methylribonucleosides (2'-OMe-NRs), which are raw materials for nucleic acid drugs. An actinomycete, Agromyces sp. MM-1 was found to produce 2'-O-methyladenosine (2'-OMe-AR) when whole cells were used in a reaction mixture containing 2'-OMe-UR and adenine. The enzyme responsible for the transribosylation was partially purified from Agromyces sp. MM-1 cells through a six-step separation procedure, and identified as a nucleoside hydrolase family enzyme termed AgNH. AgNH was a bi-functional enzyme catalyzing both hydrolysis towards 2'-OMe-NRs and transribosylation between 2'-OMe-UR and various nucleobases as well as adenine. In the hydrolysis reaction, AgNH preferred guanosine analogues as its substrates. In the transribosylation reaction, AgNH showed strong activity towards 6-chloroguanine, with 25-fold relative activity when adenine was used as the acceptor substrate. The transribosylation reaction product from 2'-OMe-UR and 6-chloroguanine was determined to 2'-O-methyl-6-chloroguanosine (2'-OMe-6ClGR). Under the optimal conditions, the maximum molar yield of 2'-OMe-6ClGR reached 2.3% in a 293-h reaction, corresponding to 440 mg/L.
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Del Arco J, Cejudo-Sanches J, Esteban I, Clemente-Suárez VJ, Hormigo D, Perona A, Fernández-Lucas J. Enzymatic production of dietary nucleotides from low-soluble purine bases by an efficient, thermostable and alkali-tolerant biocatalyst. Food Chem 2017; 237:605-611. [PMID: 28764042 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, enzymatic synthesis of nucleoside-5'-monophosphates (5'-NMPs) using low water-soluble purine bases has been described as less efficient due to their low solubility in aqueous media. The use of enzymes from extremophiles, such as thermophiles or alkaliphiles, offers the potential to increase solubilisation of these bases by employing high temperatures or alkaline pH. This study describes the cloning, expression and purification of hypoxanthine-guanine-xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase from Thermus thermophilus (TtHGXPRT). Biochemical characterization indicates TtHGXPRT as a homotetramer with excellent activity and stability across a broad range of temperatures (50-90°C) and ionic strengths (0-500mMNaCl), but it also reveals an unusually high activity and stability under alkaline conditions (pH range 8-11). In order to explore the potential of TtHGXPRT as an industrial biocatalyst, enzymatic production of several dietary 5'-NMPs, such as 5'-GMP and 5'-IMP, was carried out at high concentrations of guanine and hypoxanthine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Del Arco
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Cejudo-Sanches
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Esteban
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - V J Clemente-Suárez
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Hormigo
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Perona
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Fernández-Lucas
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Desarrollo Agroindustrial Sostenible, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Colombia.
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Fan X, Wu H, Li G, Yuan H, Zhang H, Li Y, Xie X, Chen N. Improvement of uridine production of Bacillus subtilis by atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis and high-throughput screening. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176545. [PMID: 28472077 PMCID: PMC5417507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a novel breeding strategy of atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis was used to improve the uridine production of engineered Bacillus subtilis TD12np. A high-throughput screening method was established using both resistant plates and 96-well microplates to select the ideal mutants with diverse phenotypes. Mutant F126 accumulated 5.7 and 30.3 g/L uridine after 30 h in shake-flask and 48 h in fed-batch fermentation, respectively, which represented a 4.4- and 8.7-fold increase over the parent strain. Sequence analysis of the pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthetic operon in the representative mutants showed that proline 1016 and glutamate 949 in the large subunit of B. subtilis carbamoyl phosphate synthetase were of importance for the allosteric regulation caused by uridine 5′-monophosphate. The proposed mutation method with efficient high-throughput screening assay was proved to be an appropriate strategy to obtain uridine-overproducing strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Fan
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering of China Light Industry, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Heyun Wu
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Li
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yuan
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Hongchao Zhang
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Li
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering of China Light Industry, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xixian Xie
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering of China Light Industry, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (XX); (NC)
| | - Ning Chen
- National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering of China Light Industry, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (XX); (NC)
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Del Arco J, Martinez M, Donday M, Clemente-Suarez VJ, Fernández-Lucas J. Cloning, expression and biochemical characterization of xanthine and adenine phosphoribosyltransferases from Thermus thermophilus HB8. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2017.1313837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jon Del Arco
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Research and Doctoral School, European University of Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Martinez
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Research and Doctoral School, European University of Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Donday
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Research and Doctoral School, European University of Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Javier Clemente-Suarez
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Research and Doctoral School, European University of Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Fernández-Lucas
- Applied Biotechnology Group, Research and Doctoral School, European University of Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Desarrollo Agroindustrial Sostenible, Ingenieróa Agroindustrial, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Barranquilla, Colombia
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McCabe Dunn JM, Reibarkh M, Sherer EC, Orr RK, Ruck RT, Simmons B, Bellomo A. The protecting-group free selective 3'-functionalization of nucleosides. Chem Sci 2017; 8:2804-2810. [PMID: 28553517 PMCID: PMC5426439 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc05081f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct and chemoselective 3'-phosphoramidation, phosphorylation and acylation of nucleosides are described. Upon the discovery of a novel 3'-phosphorylamidation of therapeutic nucleoside analogues with DBU, we explored the mechanism of this rare selectivity through a combination of NMR spectroscopy and computational studies. The NMR and computational findings allowed us to develop a predictive computational model that accurately assesses the potential for 3'-functionalization for a broad range of nucleosides and nucleoside mimetics. The synthetic utility of this model was exemplified by demonstration on a broad scope of nucleosides and electrophiles yielding targets that were previously only accessible via a protection/deprotection sequence or an enzymatic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie M McCabe Dunn
- Department of Process Research & Development , MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA . ;
| | - Mikhail Reibarkh
- Department of Process Research & Development , MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA . ;
| | - Edward C Sherer
- Department of Modelling and Informatics , MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA
| | - Robert K Orr
- Department of Process Research & Development , MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA . ;
| | - Rebecca T Ruck
- Department of Process Research & Development , MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA . ;
| | - Bryon Simmons
- Department of Process Research & Development , MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA . ;
| | - Ana Bellomo
- Department of Process Research & Development , MRL , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA . ;
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37
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Mitsukawa Y, Hibi M, Matsutani N, Horinouchi N, Takahashi S, Ogawa J. Enzymatic synthesis of 2'-O-methylribonucleosides with a nucleoside hydrolase family enzyme from Lactobacillus buchneri LBK78. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 123:659-664. [PMID: 28202305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
2'-O-Methylribonucleosides (2'-OMe-NRs) are promising raw materials for the production of nucleic acid drugs. We previously reported that LbNH, a nucleoside hydrolase from Lactobacillus buchneri LBK78 (NITE P-01581), was the first enzyme found to act on 2'-OMe-NRs. In the present study, we determined that LbNH also has the transribosylation activity between 2'-OMe-NRs and nucleobases, in addition to the hydrolyzing activity towards 2'-OMe-NRs. When 2'-O-methyluridine (2'-OMe-UR) and adenine were reacted with LbNH, 2'-O-methyladenosine (2'-OMe-AR) was produced. LbNH preferred purine nucleobases as its acceptor substrates for the transribosylation with 2'-OMe-UR as a donor substrate. Kinetic analysis of LbNH revealed that adenine behaved as a mixed inhibitor of the hydrolysis of 2'-OMe-UR. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the maximum molar yield of enzymatic 2'-OMe-AR produced reached 0.97% towards 2'-OMe-UR, corresponding to 0.16 g/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Mitsukawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Makoto Hibi
- Industrial Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Narihiro Matsutani
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Horinouchi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Satomi Takahashi
- Industrial Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Jun Ogawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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38
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Thieme N, Breit B. Enantioselective and Regiodivergent Addition of Purines to Terminal Allenes: Synthesis of Abacavir. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:1520-1524. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Thieme
- Institut für Organische Chemie und BiochemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität Alberstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie und BiochemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität Alberstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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Thieme N, Breit B. Enantioselective and Regiodivergent Addition of Purines to Terminal Allenes: Synthesis of Abacavir. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Thieme
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität; Alberstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität; Alberstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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40
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Johansson JR, Beke-Somfai T, Said Stålsmeden A, Kann N. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Azide Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction: Scope, Mechanism, and Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 116:14726-14768. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johan R. Johansson
- Cardiovascular
and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development
Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Pepparedsleden 1, SE-43183 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Tamás Beke-Somfai
- Research
Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok
krt. 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Said Stålsmeden
- Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Nina Kann
- Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
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41
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Alexeev CS, Sivets GG, Safonova TN, Mikhailov SN. Substrate specificity of E. coli uridine phosphorylase. Further evidences of high-syn conformation of the substrate in uridine phosphorolysis. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2016; 36:107-121. [PMID: 27846376 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2016.1223306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Twenty five uridine analogues have been tested and compared with uridine with respect to their potency to bind to E. coli uridine phosphorylase. The kinetic constants of the phosphorolysis reaction of uridine derivatives modified at 2'-, 3'- and 5'-positions of the sugar moiety and 2-, 4-, 5- and 6-positions of the heterocyclic base were determined. The absence of the 2'- or 5'-hydroxyl group is not crucial for the successful binding and phosphorolysis. On the other hand, the absence of both the 2'- and 5'-hydroxyl groups leads to the loss of substrate binding to the enzyme. The same effect was observed when the 3'-hydroxyl group is absent, thus underlining the key role of this group. Our data shed some light on the mechanism of ribo- and 2'-deoxyribonucleoside discrimination by E. coli uridine phosphorylase and E. coli thymidine phosphorylase. A comparison of the kinetic results obtained in the present study with the available X-ray structures and analysis of hydrogen bonding in the enzyme-substrate complex demonstrates that uridine adopts an unusual high-syn conformation in the active site of uridine phosphorylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Alexeev
- a Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia
| | - G G Sivets
- b Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus , Minsk , Belarus
| | - T N Safonova
- c Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia
| | - S N Mikhailov
- a Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia
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42
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Enzymatic Synthesis of Sorboyl-Polydatin Prodrug in Biomass-Derived 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran and Antiradical Activity of the Unsaturated Acylated Derivatives. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:4357052. [PMID: 27668253 PMCID: PMC5030401 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4357052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Efficient and highly regioselective synthesis of the potential 6′′-O-sorboyl-polydatin prodrug in biomass-derived 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF) was achieved using Candida antarctica lipase B for the first time. Under the optimal conditions, the initial reaction rate, maximum substrate conversion, and 6′′-regioselectivity were as high as 8.65 mM/h, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Kinetic and operational stability investigations evidently demonstrated excellent enzyme compatibility of the 2-MeTHF compared to the traditional organic solvents. With respect to the antioxidant properties, three unsaturated ester derivatives showed slightly lower DPPH radical scavenging activities than the parent agent. Interestingly, further studies also revealed that the antiradical capacities of the acylates decreased with the elongation of the unsaturated aliphatic chain length from C4 to C11. The reason might be attributed to the increased steric hindrance derived from the acyl residues in derivatives.
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Mitsukawa Y, Hibi M, Matsutani N, Horinouchi N, Takahashi S, Ogawa J. A novel nucleoside hydrolase from Lactobacillus buchneri LBK78 catalyzing hydrolysis of 2'-O-methylribonucleosides. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:1568-76. [PMID: 27180876 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1182853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
2'-O-Methylribonucleosides (2'-OMe-NRs) are promising raw materials for nucleic acid drugs because of their high thermal stability and nuclease tolerance. In the course of microbial screening for metabolic activity toward 2'-OMe-NRs, Lactobacillus buchneri LBK78 was found to decompose 2'-O-methyluridine (2'-OMe-UR). The enzyme responsible was partially purified from L. buchneri LBK78 cells by a four-step purification procedure, and identified as a novel nucleoside hydrolase. This enzyme, LbNH, belongs to the nucleoside hydrolase superfamily, and formed a homotetrameric structure composed of subunits with a molecular mass around 34 kDa. LbNH hydrolyzed 2'-OMe-UR to 2'-O-methylribose and uracil, and the kinetic constants were Km of 0.040 mM, kcat of 0.49 s(-1), and kcat/Km of 12 mM(-1) s(-1). In a substrate specificity analysis, LbNH preferred ribonucleosides and 2'-OMe-NRs as its hydrolytic substrates, but reacted weakly with 2'-deoxyribonucleosides. In a phylogenetic analysis, LbNH showed a close relationship with purine-specific nucleoside hydrolases from trypanosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Mitsukawa
- a Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto , Japan
| | - Makoto Hibi
- b Industrial Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto , Japan
| | - Narihiro Matsutani
- a Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto , Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Horinouchi
- a Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto , Japan
| | - Satomi Takahashi
- b Industrial Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto , Japan
| | - Jun Ogawa
- a Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto , Japan
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Dellafiore MA, Montserrat JM, Iribarren AM. Modified Nucleoside Triphosphates for In-vitro Selection Techniques. Front Chem 2016; 4:18. [PMID: 27200340 PMCID: PMC4854868 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2016.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of SELEX (Selective Enhancement of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment) provides a powerful tool for the search of functional oligonucleotides with the ability to bind ligands with high affinity and selectivity (aptamers) and for the discovery of nucleic acid sequences with diverse enzymatic activities (ribozymes and DNAzymes). This technique has been extensively applied to the selection of natural DNA or RNA molecules but, in order to improve chemical and structural diversity as well as for particular applications where further chemical or biological stability is necessary, the extension of this strategy to modified oligonucleotides is desirable. Taking into account these needs, this review intends to collect the research carried out during the past years, focusing mainly on the use of modified nucleotides in SELEX and the development of mutant enzymes for broadening nucleoside triphosphates acceptance. In addition, comments regarding the synthesis of modified nucleoside triphosphate will be briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A Dellafiore
- Laboratorio de Química de Ácidos Nucleicos, INGEBI (CONICET) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier M Montserrat
- Laboratorio de Química de Ácidos Nucleicos, INGEBI (CONICET)Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de General SarmientoLos Polvorines, Argentina
| | - Adolfo M Iribarren
- Laboratorio de Química de Ácidos Nucleicos, INGEBI (CONICET)Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Biotransformaciones, Universidad Nacional de QuilmesBernal, Argentina
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Efficient Regioselective Synthesis of the Crotonyl Polydatin Prodrug by Thermomyces lanuginosus Lipase: a Kinetics Study in Eco-friendly 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 179:1011-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2047-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Palazzolo MA, Nigro MJ, Iribarren AM, Lewkowicz ES. A Chemoenzymatic Route To Prepare Acyclic Nucleoside Analogues. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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47
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Kumar R, Kumar M, Maity J, Prasad AK. Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of 3′-O,4′-C-methylene-linked α-l-arabinonucleosides. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17218k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocatalytic methodology has been developed for the efficient and environment friendly synthesis of 3′-O,4′-C-methylene-linked α-l-arabinonucleosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Bioorganic Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007
- India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Bioorganic Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007
- India
| | - Jyotirmoy Maity
- Bioorganic Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007
- India
| | - Ashok K. Prasad
- Bioorganic Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007
- India
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48
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Iribarren AM, Iglesias LE. An update of biocatalytic selective acylation and deacylation of monosaccharides. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23453k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PAMs synthesis requires highly selective reactions, provided by hydrolases. This review updates research on enzymatic acylation and deacylation of monosaccharides, focusing on synthetic useful PAMs and drug-monosaccharide conjugates involving PAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo M. Iribarren
- Department of Science and Technology
- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes
- (1876) Bernal
- Argentina
- INGEBI (CONICET)
| | - Luis E. Iglesias
- Department of Science and Technology
- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes
- (1876) Bernal
- Argentina
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