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Liu J, Ding X, Xia X, Zhou L, Liu W, Lai Y, Ke Z, Tan Y. Dissolved organic phosphorus promotes Cyclotella growth and adaptability in eutrophic tropical estuaries. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0163723. [PMID: 38112726 PMCID: PMC10807451 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01637-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) is an important nutrient for phytoplankton growth in oligotrophic oceans. However, little is known about the impact of DOP on phytoplankton growth in eutrophic waters. In the present study, we conducted field monitoring as well as in situ and laboratory experiments in the Pearl River estuary (PRE). Field observations showed an increase in the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio and DOP in recent years in the PRE. The phytoplankton community was dominated by nanophytoplankton Cyclotella in the upper and middle estuary, with high concentrations of DOP and light limitation during the ebb stage of the spring to neap tide in summer. The relative abundance of Cyclotella in natural waters was higher after enrichment with estuarine water with a background of 0.40-0.46 µM DOP, even when dissolved inorganic phosphorus was sufficient (0.55-0.76 µM). In addition, the relative abundance of Cyclotella in natural waters was higher after enrichment with phosphoesters. Laboratory culture results also confirmed that phosphoesters can enhance the growth rate of Cyclotella cryptica. Our study highlights that Cyclotella can become the dominant species in estuaries with increased levels of phosphoesters and low and fluctuating light adaptability and under the joint effect of dynamic processes such as upwelling and tides. Our results provide new insights into the role of Cyclotella in biogeochemical cycles affected by DOP utilization and potential applications in relieving the hypoxia of tropical eutrophic estuaries.IMPORTANCEThis study provides evidence that Cyclotella can become the dominant species in estuaries with increased levels of phosphoesters and low and fluctuating light adaptability and under the joint effect of dynamic processes such as upwelling and tides. Our study provides new insights into the role of Cyclotella in biogeochemical cycles affected by dissolved organic phosphorus utilization, especially affected by anthropogenic inputs and climate change. Potential applications include relieving the hypoxia of tropical eutrophic estuaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linbin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjiao Lai
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixin Ke
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yehui Tan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Singh P, Venkata Mohan S, Mohanty K. Dairy wastewater treatment using Monoraphidium sp. KMC4 and its potential as hydrothermal liquefaction feedstock. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 376:128877. [PMID: 36921641 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Monoraphidium sp. KMC4 was cultivated mixotrophically for simultaneous treatment of dairy wastewater and biomass production. The KMC4 was cultivated with varying chemical oxygen demand concentrations of simulated synthetic dairy wastewater. Monoraphidium sp. KMC4 outperformed in 50% strength with biomass concentration of 1.47 g L-1. A significant change in biomass of 3.69 g L-1 was achieved after maintaining the pH of algal culture. The nutrient consumption promoted microalgal growth in the form of biomass productivity (122 mg L-1 day-1), accumulation of carbohydrate (28.73±1.6 wt%), protein (48.50±1.3 wt%), and lipid (20.29±2.3 wt%). This strain showed efficacious performance in treating simulated synthetic dairy wastewater obtaining biomass for various applications. The algal biomass derived from wastewater reported a significant volatile matter content and higher heating value. The biomass demonstrates satisfactory thermal degradation behavior which reveals its feasibility as feedstock for thermochemical conversion to biocrude. The integration of biomass production in high-scale raceway pond along with biocrude production is a promising pathway toward the generation of green energy for replacing traditional fossil fuels..
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - S Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering (DEEE), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Kaustubha Mohanty
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
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Godrijan J, Drapeau DT, Balch WM. Osmotrophy of dissolved organic carbon by coccolithophores in darkness. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:781-794. [PMID: 34784058 PMCID: PMC9298845 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary and ecological story of coccolithophores poses questions about their heterotrophy, surviving darkness after the end-Cretaceous asteroid impact as well as survival in the deep ocean twilight zone. Uptake of dissolved organic carbon might be an alternative nutritional strategy for supply of energy and carbon molecules. Using long-term batch culture experiments, we examined coccolithophore growth and maintenance on organic compounds in darkness. Radiolabelled experiments were performed to study the uptake kinetics. Pulse-chase experiments were used to examine the uptake into unassimilated, exchangeable pools vs assimilated, nonexchangeable pools. We found that coccolithophores were able to survive and maintain their metabolism for up to 30 d in darkness, accomplishing about one cell division. The concentration dependence for uptake was similar to the concentration dependence for growth in Cruciplacolithus neohelis, suggesting that it was taking up carbon compounds and immediately incorporating them into biomass. We recorded net incorporation of radioactivity into the particulate inorganic fraction. We conclude that osmotrophy provides nutritional flexibility and supports long-term survival in light intensities well below threshold for photosynthesis. The incorporation of dissolved organic matter into particulate inorganic carbon, raises fundamental questions about the role of the alkalinity pump and the alkalinity balance in the sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Godrijan
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean SciencesEast BoothbayME04544USA
- Division for Marine and Environmental ResearchRuđer Bošković InstituteZagreb10000Croatia
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Butler TO, Padmaperuma G, Lizzul AM, McDonald J, Vaidyanathan S. Towards a Phaeodactylum tricornutum biorefinery in an outdoor UK environment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126320. [PMID: 34780906 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A series of commercial powdered media (Cell-Hi F2P, JWP and WP) and a hydroponics medium (FloraMicroBloom) were investigated for the cultivation of P. tricornutum, and compared with f/2 (a commonly employed laboratory cultivation medium; costlier to scale). Cell-Hi JWP showed good performance characteristics including cost-effectiveness. Outdoor cultivation of P. tricornutum in an airlift photobioreactor, using Cell-Hi JWP in the United Kingdom (UK) during September and October (average daily temperature ranging between 8 and 18 °C and natural sunlight) was comparable to cultivation indoors under controlled temperature and lighting. A strong positive correlation between fucoxanthin and chlorophyll a content, and a weak inverse correlation between eicosapentaenoic (EPA) content and temperature were observed. Commensal bacterial counts revealed a sinusoidal growth profile with a change in community dominance from Halomonas sp. to Marinobacter sp. This investigation reveals for the first time that a multi-product approach can be adopted with P. tricornutum in a UK outdoor environment using commercially viable powdered media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas O Butler
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Gloria Padmaperuma
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - Alessandro M Lizzul
- Varicon Aqua Solutions Ltd., Ball Mill Top Business Park, Unit 12, Hallow WR2 6PD, UK
| | - Joe McDonald
- Varicon Aqua Solutions Ltd., Ball Mill Top Business Park, Unit 12, Hallow WR2 6PD, UK
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Insights into the physiology of Chlorella vulgaris cultivated in sweet sorghum bagasse hydrolysate for sustainable algal biomass and lipid production. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6779. [PMID: 33762646 PMCID: PMC7991646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86372-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplementing cultivation media with exogenous carbon sources enhances biomass and lipid production in microalgae. Utilization of renewable organic carbon from agricultural residues can potentially reduce the cost of algae cultivation, while enhancing sustainability. In the present investigation a medium was developed from sweet sorghum bagasse for cultivation of Chlorella under mixotrophic conditions. Using response surface methodology, the optimal values of critical process parameters were determined, namely inoculum cell density (O.D.750) of 0.786, SSB hydrolysate content of the medium 25% v/v, and zero medium salinity, to achieve maximum lipid productivity of 120 mg/L/d. Enhanced biomass (3.44 g/L) and lipid content (40% of dry cell weight) were observed when the alga was cultivated in SSB hydrolysate under mixotrophic conditions compared to heterotrophic and photoautotrophic conditions. A time course investigation revealed distinct physiological responses in terms of cellular growth and biochemical composition of C. vulgaris cultivated in the various trophic modes. The determined carbohydrate and lipid profiles indicate that sugar addition to the cultivation medium boosts neutral lipid synthesis compared to structural lipids, suggesting that carbon flux is channeled towards triacylglycerol synthesis in the cells. Furthermore, the fatty acid profile of lipids extracted from mixotrophically grown cultures contained more saturated and monosaturated fatty acids, which are suitable for biofuel manufacturing. Scale-up studies in a photobioreactor using SSB hydrolysate achieved a biomass concentration of 2.83 g/L consisting of 34% lipids and 26% carbohydrates. These results confirmed that SSB hydrolysate is a promising feedstock for mixotrophic cultivation of Chlorella and synthesis of algal bioproducts and biofuels.
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Mixotrophic growth regime as a strategy to develop microalgal bioprocess from nutrimental composition of tequila vinasses. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1155-1166. [PMID: 33575841 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02512-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The selection of a suitable growth regime can increase the physiological performance of microalgae and improve bioprocess based on these microorganisms from agro-industrial residues. Thus, this study assessed the biotechnology capacity-biomass production, biochemical composition, and nutrient uptake-from tequila vinasses (TVs) as the nutrient source of three indigenous microalgae-Chlorella sp., Scenedesmus sp., and Chlamydomonas sp.-cultured under heterotrophic and mixotrophic conditions. The results demonstrated that under the mixotrophic regime, the three microalgae evaluated reached the highest nitrogen uptake, biomass production, and cell compound accumulation. Under this condition, Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. showed the highest nutrient uptake and biomass production, 1.7 ± 0.3 and 1.9 ± 0.3 g L-1, respectively; however, the biochemical composition, mainly carbohydrates and proteins, varied depending on the microalgal strain and its growth regime. Overall, our results demonstrated the biotechnological capacity of native microalgae from TVs, which may vary not only depending on the microalgal strain but also the culture strategy implemented and the characteristics of the residue used, highlighting-from a perspective of circular bio-economy-the feasibility of implementing microalgal bioprocess to reuse and valorize the nutrimental composition of TVs through biomass and high-valuable metabolite production, depicting a sustainable strategy for tequila agro-industry in Mexico.
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Su M, D'Imporzano G, Veronesi D, Afric S, Adani F. Phaeodactylum tricornutum cultivation under mixotrophic conditions with glycerol supplied with ultrafiltered digestate: A simple biorefinery approach recovering C and N. J Biotechnol 2020; 323:73-81. [PMID: 32745506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phaeodactylum tricornutum was cultivated mixotrophically in batch mode providing glycerol as the C source, i.e., 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 Mol L-1 glycerol, and ultrafiltered digestate (UF) as an N source. Biomass productivity, biomass composition, N efficiency use and total energy balance were recorded and compared to those under autotrophic conditions. Under mixotrophic conditions (0.03 Mol L-1 and 0.04 Mol L-1 glycerol), biomass productivity of P. tricornutum increased by 1.29 and 1.60 times in comparison with autotrophic conditions. Algal protein content declined as glycerol concentration increased, contrary to the case of the carbohydrate content. Lipid content did not change but unexpectedly, a lower unsaturated fatty acid in mixotrophic culture was observed than that from autotrophic culture. Mixotrophic conditions offered a higher energy recovery efficiency (EFt) than autotrophic conditions (5.7 % in 0.04 Mol L-1 glycerol and 4.2 % in autotrophic trial, respectively). Additionally, the efficiency of glycerol conversion into biomass (EFgly) increased with the glycerol dose, achieving 22.8 % for 0.04 Mol L-1 glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Su
- Gruppo Ricicla Lab. - Bioeconomy and Green Chemistry Lab., University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliana D'Imporzano
- Gruppo Ricicla Lab. - Bioeconomy and Green Chemistry Lab., University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Davide Veronesi
- Gruppo Ricicla Lab. - Bioeconomy and Green Chemistry Lab., University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Afric
- Gruppo Ricicla Lab. - Bioeconomy and Green Chemistry Lab., University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Adani
- Gruppo Ricicla Lab. - Bioeconomy and Green Chemistry Lab., University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Wang X, Liu SF, Qin ZH, Balamurugan S, Li HY, Lin CSK. Sustainable and stepwise waste-based utilisation strategy for the production of biomass and biofuels by engineered microalgae. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114854. [PMID: 32504890 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Waste streams have emerged as potential feedstocks for biofuel production via microbial bioconversion. Metabolic engineering of the microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum in its lipid biosynthetic pathways has been conducted with an aim to improve lipid production. However, there has been only limited achievement in satisfying biofuel demands by utilising extracellular organic carbons from low-cost waste streams. Herein, we present a successive staged cultivation mode, based on a previously engineered strain that co-overexpresses two key triacylglycerol biosynthesis genes. We first optimised microalgal biomass and lipid production by using food waste hydrolysate and crude glycerol as the cultivation media. Food waste hydrolysate (5% v/v) is a low-cost organic carbon source for enhanced microalgal biomass production, and the resulting lipid concentration was 1.08-fold higher with food-waste hydrolysate than that of the defined medium. Additionally, the resultant lipid concentration after using crude glycerol (100 mM) was 1.24-fold higher than that using the defined medium. Two carbon feeding modes (hybrid and sequential) were also performed to investigate the potential of engineered P. tricornutum with preliminary mechanistic analyses. The biodiesel properties of lipids produced in the hybrid mode were evaluated for potential application prospects. Collectively, this study demonstrates a waste stream utilisation strategy for efficient and sustainable microalgal biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Si-Fen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zi-Hao Qin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Srinivasan Balamurugan
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, India
| | - Hong-Ye Li
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Carol Sze Ki Lin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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