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Noda M, Koshu R, Takaso Y, Sajjaviriya C, Ito M, Koshimizu T. Role of Facial Nerve Reconstruction With Anastomosis and Polyglycolic Acid Tube in Accelerating Functional Recovery After Axotomy in the Rat Facial Nucleus. Cureus 2024; 16:e57326. [PMID: 38690467 PMCID: PMC11060186 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Facial nerve injuries stem from trauma or tumor surgery, triggering neurodegeneration and neuronal cell death in the facial nucleus, consequently inducing irreversible nerve paralysis. Following facial nerve transection, glial cells are activated and undergo proliferation, facilitating motor neuron survival, repair, and regeneration. Clinical approaches, including nerve anastomosis and hypoglossal nerve grafting, require delicate microscopic techniques. Recent advancements involve nerve reconstruction using polyglycolic acid (PGA) tubes, which yield nerve function improvement. However, the central pathophysiological effects of these procedures remain unclear. Therefore, using PGA tubes, we evaluated neurodegeneration and microglial inflammatory response in rats after facial nerve transection. Facial nerve functions were evaluated using vibrissae and blink reflex scores. In the end-to-end anastomosis and PGA tube reconstruction groups, a partial improvement in facial motor function was observed, with increased nerve fiber survival in the former. Approximately 90% of neurons survived in both groups, wherein gliosis exhibited increased microglial activation compared to that in the transection group. These results indicate that PGA tube-assisted nerve reconstruction post-facial nerve transection, although inferior to end-to-end anastomosis, improved certain functions and prevented neuronal cell death. Furthermore, the prolonged inflammatory response in the facial nerve nucleus underscored the correlation between neuronal function and survival and microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Noda
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, JPN
| | - Ryota Koshu
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, JPN
| | - Yuji Takaso
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, JPN
| | | | - Makoto Ito
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, JPN
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2
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Miura T, Yamamoto Y, Funayama E, Ishikawa K, Maeda T. Development of a simultaneous and noninvasive measuring method using high-frame rate videography and motion analysis software for the assessment of facial palsy recovery in a rat model. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2023; 82:211-218. [PMID: 37192584 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2023.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For the development of new therapeutic and reconstructive methods for facial nerve palsy, it is critical to validate them in animal models. This study developed a novel evaluation method using a high-speed camera and motion analysis software for rat facial paralysis models. The validity of the new method was verified using normal rats and rats with facial paralysis. METHODS The whisker movement was recorded using a high-frame video camera. The video files were processed using motion analysis software, and the angular velocities were measured. The score was calculated as the percentage of movement on the side that had palsy compared with the movement on the normal side. Normal rats were used to examine which of the four indices of angular velocity is appropriate for this evaluation method. Using this method, two types of facial nerve palsy models were compared. Furthermore, the three agents that were predicted to promote axon regeneration from previous studies were evaluated. RESULTS The two averages of the protraction and retraction movement velocities of the whiskers were considered as the most appropriate indicators for this new method. Compared with the saline group, all agent groups showed significant differences in the improvement of facial palsy recovery. CONCLUSIONS This method is an evaluation method for the effects of therapeutic intervention for facial nerve paralysis in real time without sacrificing animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Miura
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yuhei Yamamoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Emi Funayama
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ishikawa
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Taku Maeda
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
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Lim GM, Cho GW, Ganesan CD, Choi JH, Ang MJ, Moon C, Jang CH. Enhancing the Effect of Placental Extract on the Regeneration of Crush Injured Facial Nerve. Exp Neurobiol 2022; 31:419-430. [PMID: 36631850 PMCID: PMC9841744 DOI: 10.5607/en22006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a scarcity of experimental studies on peripheral nerve regeneration using placental extract (PE). This study aimed to investigate the effects of topical PE application on recovery after crush injury to the rat facial nerve using functional, electrophysiological, and morphological evaluations. The viability of the RSC96 Schwann cells treated with PE (0.5~4 mg/ml) increased significantly. Immunoblot test revealed that PE application enhanced the migration of RSC96 cells. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that PE increased the expression of neurotropic genes. The recovery from vibrissa fibrillation in the PE-treated group was superior to that in the control group. The threshold of action potential was also significantly lower in the PE group. Histopathological examination showed that crushed facial nerves treated with PE exhibited larger axons. The surrounding myelin sheaths were more distinct and thicker in the PE-treated group. Hence, PE may be considered a topical therapeutic agent for treating traumatic facial nerve paralysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Min Lim
- BK21 FOUR Education Research Group for Age-Associated Disorder Control Technology, Department of Integrative Biological Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Gwang-Won Cho
- BK21 FOUR Education Research Group for Age-Associated Disorder Control Technology, Department of Integrative Biological Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea,Department of Biology, College of Natural Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Chitra Devi Ganesan
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Mary Jasmin Ang
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea,To whom correspondence should be addressed. Changjong Moon, TEL: 82-62-530-2838, e-mail:
| | - Chul Ho Jang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea,Chul Ho Jang, TEL: 82-62-220-6774, e-mail:
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Yasak T, Özkaya Ö, Ergan Şahin A, Çolak Ö. Electromyographic and Clinical Investigation of the Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Patients with Diabetes after Surgery for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Arch Plast Surg 2022; 49:200-206. [PMID: 35832667 PMCID: PMC9045528 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1744410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy. Studies have shown that results of CTS surgery are poorer in patients with diabetes. In this study, the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on nerve regeneration was investigated through clinical and electromyographic findings in patients with diabetes who underwent CTS surgery.
Methods A retrospective analysis of 20 patients with diabetes who had surgically decompressed CTS was conducted. Patients were divided into two groups. The study group received PRP treatment following surgery. The control group did not receive any treatment. Patients were assessed using electromyography and the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire preoperatively as well as postoperatively at 3-month, 6-month, and 1-year follow-ups visits.
Results There was a decrease in complaints and an improvement in sensory and motor examinations in both groups. The Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire scores did not show any statistically significant differences between the two groups. However, electromyographic findings showed that there were statistical differences between preoperative and postoperative (3 months, 6 months, and 1 year) results in both groups. When the two groups were compared using preoperative and postoperative (3 months, 6 months, and 1 year) electromyographic values, no statistically significant differences were seen.
Conclusion Single injections of PRP did not have a significant impact on median nerve regeneration following CTS surgery in patients with diabetes. The effectiveness of multiple PRP injections can be investigated in patients with diabetes in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğçe Yasak
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşçıoğlu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özay Özkaya
- Prof Dr. Özay Özkaya Private Clinic, Freelance Physician, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayça Ergan Şahin
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşçıoğlu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Çolak
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşçıoğlu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Jessen KR, Mirsky R. The Role of c-Jun and Autocrine Signaling Loops in the Control of Repair Schwann Cells and Regeneration. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 15:820216. [PMID: 35221918 PMCID: PMC8863656 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.820216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
After nerve injury, both Schwann cells and neurons switch to pro-regenerative states. For Schwann cells, this involves reprogramming of myelin and Remak cells to repair Schwann cells that provide the signals and mechanisms needed for the survival of injured neurons, myelin clearance, axonal regeneration and target reinnervation. Because functional repair cells are essential for regeneration, it is unfortunate that their phenotype is not robust. Repair cell activation falters as animals get older and the repair phenotype fades during chronic denervation. These malfunctions are important reasons for the poor outcomes after nerve damage in humans. This review will discuss injury-induced Schwann cell reprogramming and the concept of the repair Schwann cell, and consider the molecular control of these cells with emphasis on c-Jun. This transcription factor is required for the generation of functional repair cells, and failure of c-Jun expression is implicated in repair cell failures in older animals and during chronic denervation. Elevating c-Jun expression in repair cells promotes regeneration, showing in principle that targeting repair cells is an effective way of improving nerve repair. In this context, we will outline the emerging evidence that repair cells are sustained by autocrine signaling loops, attractive targets for interventions aimed at promoting regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristjan R. Jessen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Li B, Wang X. Photobiomodulation enhances facial nerve regeneration via activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-mediated antioxidant response. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:993-1006. [PMID: 34302577 PMCID: PMC8918185 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03344-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Facial nerve dysfunction is a common clinical condition that leads to disfigurement and emotional distress in the affected individuals. This study aimed to evaluate whether photobiomodulation can enhance regeneration of crushed facial nerves and attempt to investigate the possible underlying mechanism of neuroprotective function and therapeutic target. Various parameters of photobiomodulation were assigned to the facial nerves and Schwann cells (SCs) separately during crushed injury in rats. Axonal regeneration, functional outcomes, and SC apoptosis, proliferation, and underlying mechanisms of action were evaluated by morphological, histopathological, and functional assessments, flow cytometry, western blotting, real-time PCR, and IncuCyte. The results showed that photobiomodulation improved axonal regeneration and functional recovery, and also promoted proliferation, and inhibited apoptosis of SCs, both of these were considered as the most effective parameters in 250mW group. In addition, the neuroprotective effects of photobiomodulation (500mW) were likely associated with oxidative stress-induced SC apoptosis via activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Our results revealed that photobiomodulation significantly promoted axonal regeneration, functional recovery, and regeneration of the facial nucleus, and its mechanism was related to the up-regulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. These findings provide clear experimental evidence of photobiomodulation as an alternative therapeutic strategy for peripheral nerve damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Li
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
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Bengur FB, Stoy C, Binko MA, Nerone WV, Fedor CN, Solari MG, Marra KG. Facial Nerve Repair: Bioengineering Approaches in Preclinical Models. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:364-378. [PMID: 33632013 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Injury to the facial nerve can occur after different etiologies and range from simple transection of the branches to varying degrees of segmental loss. Management depends on the extent of injury and options include primary repair for simple transections and using autografts, allografts, or conduits for larger gaps. Tissue engineering plays an important role to create artificial materials that are able to mimic the nerve itself without extra morbidity in the patients. The use of neurotrophic factors or stem cells inside the conduits or around the repair site is being increasingly studied to enhance neural recovery to a greater extent. Preclinical studies remain the hallmark for development of these novel approaches and translation into clinical practice. This review will focus on preclinical models of repair after facial nerve injury to help researchers establish an appropriate model to quantify recovery and analyze functional outcomes. Different bioengineered materials, including conduits and nerve grafts, will be discussed based on the experimental animals that were used and the defects introduced. Future directions to extend the applications of processed nerve allografts, bioengineered conduits, and cues inside the conduits to induce neural recovery after facial nerve injury will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuat Baris Bengur
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Conrad Stoy
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary A Binko
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wayne Vincent Nerone
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Caroline Nadia Fedor
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mario G Solari
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kacey G Marra
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Syngeneic Transplantation of Rat Olfactory Stem Cells in a Vein Conduit Improves Facial Movements and Reduces Synkinesis after Facial Nerve Injury. Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 146:1295-1305. [PMID: 33234960 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000007367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posttraumatic facial paralysis is a disabling condition. Current surgical management by faciofacial nerve suture provides limited recovery. To improve the outcome, the authors evaluated an add-on strategy based on a syngeneic transplantation of nasal olfactory stem cells in a rat model of facial nerve injury. The main readouts of the study were the recording of whisking function and buccal synkinesis. METHODS Sixty rats were allocated to three groups. Animals with a 2-mm facial nerve loss were repaired with a femoral vein, filled or not with olfactory stem cells. These two groups were compared to similarly injured rats but with a faciofacial nerve suture. Olfactory stem cells were purified from rat olfactory mucosa. Three months after surgery, facial motor performance was evaluated using video-based motion analysis and electromyography. Synkinesis was assessed by electromyography, using measure of buccal involuntary movements during blink reflex, and double retrograde labeling of regenerating motoneurons. RESULTS The authors' study reveals that olfactory stem cell transplantation induces functional recovery in comparison to nontransplanted and faciofacial nerve suture groups. They significantly increase (1) maximal amplitude of vibrissae protraction and retraction cycles and (2) angular velocity during protraction of vibrissae. They also reduce buccal synkinesis, according to the two techniques used. However, olfactory stem cell transplantation did not improve axonal regrowth of the facial nerve, 3 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS The authors show here that the adjuvant strategy of syngeneic transplantation of olfactory stem cells improves functional recovery. These promising results open the way for a phase I clinical trial based on the autologous engraftment of olfactory stem cells in patients with a facial nerve paralysis.
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Sugiyama M, Ito T, Furukawa T, Hirayama A, Kakehata S. The effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 on the recovery of facial nerve function in a guinea pig model of facial palsy. J Physiol Sci 2020; 70:28. [PMID: 32513097 PMCID: PMC10717557 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-020-00755-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in the treatment of peripheral facial nerve palsy was investigated using an animal model. The facial nerve within the temporal bone was exposed and compressed by clamping. The animals were treated with either IGF-1 or saline which was topically administered by a gelatin-based sustained-release hydrogel via an intratemporal route. The recovery from facial nerve palsy was evaluated at 8 weeks postoperatively based on eyelid closure, complete recovery rate, electroneurography and number of axons found on the facial nerve. IGF-1 treatment resulted in significant improvement in the changes of the degree of eyelid closure over the total time period and complete recovery rate. A separate study showed that IGF-1 receptor mRNA was expressed in facial nerves up to 14 days after the nerve-clamping procedure. IGF-1 was thus found to be effective in the treatment of peripheral facial nerve palsy when topically applied using a sustained-release gelatin-based hydrogel via an intratemporal route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoyasu Sugiyama
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata-shi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Ito
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata-shi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Furukawa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata-shi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hirayama
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Seiji Kakehata
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata-shi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan.
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Welby L, Ukatu CC, Thombs L, Lever TE. A Mouse Model of Dysphagia After Facial Nerve Injury. Laryngoscope 2020; 131:17-24. [PMID: 32096879 DOI: 10.1002/lary.28560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dysphagia is common following facial nerve injury; however, research is sparse regarding swallowing-related outcomes and targeted treatments. Previous animal studies have used eye blink and vibrissae movement as measures of facial nerve impairment and recovery. The purpose of this study was to create a mouse model of facial nerve injury that results in dysphagia to enhance translational research outcomes. STUDY DESIGN Prospective animal study. METHODS Twenty C57BL/6J mice underwent surgical transection of the main trunk (MT) (n = 10) or marginal mandibular branch (MMB) (n = 10) of the left facial nerve. Videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) assays for drinking and eating were performed at baseline and 14 days postsurgery to quantify several deglutition-related outcome measures. RESULTS VFSS analysis revealed that MT transection resulted in significantly slower lick and swallow rates during drinking (P ≤ .05) and significantly slower swallow rates and longer inter-swallow intervals during eating (P ≤ .05), congruent with oral and pharyngeal dysphagia. After MMB transection, these same VFSS metrics were not statistically significant (P > .05). CONCLUSION The main finding of this study was that transection of the facial nerve MT leads to oral and pharyngeal stage dysphagia in mice; MMB transection does not. These results from mice provide novel insight into specific VFSS metrics that may be used to characterize dysphagia in humans following facial nerve injury. We are currently using this surgical mouse model to explore promising treatment modalities such as electrical stimulation to hasten recovery and improve outcomes following various iatrogenic and idiopathic conditions affecting the facial nerve. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 131:17-24, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Welby
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - Ceisha C Ukatu
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - Lori Thombs
- Statistics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - Teresa E Lever
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, U.S.A
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Wang J, Zheng W, Chen L, Zhu T, Shen W, Fan C, Wang H, Mo X. Enhancement of Schwann Cells Function Using Graphene-Oxide-Modified Nanofiber Scaffolds for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2444-2456. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Tonghe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wei Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Xiumei Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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D’Arpa S, Zabbia G, Cannizzaro C, Salimbeni G, Plescia F, Mariolo AV, Cassata G, Cicero L, Puleio R, Martorana A, Moschella F, Cordova A. Seeding nerve sutures with minced nerve-graft (MINE-G): a simple method to improve nerve regeneration in rats. Acta Chir Belg 2018; 118:27-35. [PMID: 28738725 DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2017.1353237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the effect of seeding the distal nerve suture with nerve fragments in rats. METHODS On 20 rats, a 15 mm sciatic nerve defect was reconstructed with a nerve autograft. In the Study Group (10 rats), a minced 1 mm nerve segment was seeded around the nerve suture. In the Control Group (10 rats), a nerve graft alone was used. At 4 and 12 weeks, a walking track analysis with open field test (WTA), hystomorphometry (number of myelinated fibers (n), fiber density (FD) and fiber area (FA) and soleus and gastrocnemius muscle weight ratios (MWR) were evaluated. The Student t-test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS At 4 and 12 weeks the Study Group had a significantly higher n and FD (p = .043 and .033). The SMWR was significantly higher in the Study Group at 12 weeks (p = .0207). CONCLUSIONS Seeding the distal nerve suture with nerve fragments increases the number of myelinated fibers, the FD and the SMWR. The technique seems promising and deserves further investigation to clarify the mechanisms involved and its functional effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore D’Arpa
- Plastische Heelkunde, Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | - Giovanni Zabbia
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carla Cannizzaro
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care ‘GIUSEPPE D’ALESSANDRO’, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Fulvio Plescia
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care ‘GIUSEPPE D’ALESSANDRO’, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessio Vincenzo Mariolo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cassata
- Laboratory Animal House/Unit, Institute of Experimental Zooprophylactic of Sicily, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Cicero
- Laboratory Animal House/Unit, Institute of Experimental Zooprophylactic of Sicily, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Puleio
- Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry Laboratory, Institute Experimental Zooprophylactic of Sicily, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Martorana
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Moschella
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Adriana Cordova
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Postinjury Induction of Activated ErbB2 Selectively Hyperactivates Denervated Schwann Cells and Promotes Robust Dorsal Root Axon Regeneration. J Neurosci 2017; 37:10955-10970. [PMID: 28982707 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0903-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Following nerve injury, denervated Schwann cells (SCs) convert to repair SCs, which enable regeneration of peripheral axons. However, the repair capacity of SCs and the regenerative capacity of peripheral axons are limited. In the present studies we examined a potential therapeutic strategy to enhance the repair capacity of SCs, and tested its efficacy in enhancing regeneration of dorsal root (DR) axons, whose regenerative capacity is particularly weak. We used male and female mice of a doxycycline-inducible transgenic line to induce expression of constitutively active ErbB2 (caErbB2) selectively in SCs after DR crush or transection. Two weeks after injury, injured DRs of induced animals contained far more SCs and SC processes. These SCs had not redifferentiated and continued to proliferate. Injured DRs of induced animals also contained far more axons that regrew along SC processes past the transection or crush site. Remarkably, SCs and axons in uninjured DRs remained quiescent, indicating that caErbB2 enhanced regeneration of injured DRs, without aberrantly activating SCs and axons in intact nerves. We also found that intraspinally expressed glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), but not the removal of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, greatly enhanced the intraspinal migration of caErbB2-expressing SCs, enabling robust penetration of DR axons into the spinal cord. These findings indicate that SC-selective, post-injury activation of ErbB2 provides a novel strategy to powerfully enhance the repair capacity of SCs and axon regeneration, without substantial off-target damage. They also highlight that promoting directed migration of caErbB2-expressing SCs by GDNF might be useful to enable axon regrowth in a non-permissive environment.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Repair of injured peripheral nerves remains a critical clinical problem. We currently lack a therapy that potently enhances axon regeneration in patients with traumatic nerve injury. It is extremely challenging to substantially increase the regenerative capacity of damaged nerves without deleterious off-target effects. It was therefore of great interest to discover that caErbB2 markedly enhances regeneration of damaged dorsal roots, while evoking little change in intact roots. To our knowledge, these findings are the first demonstration that repair capacity of denervated SCs can be efficaciously enhanced without altering innervated SCs. Our study also demonstrates that oncogenic ErbB2 signaling can be activated in SCs but not impede transdifferentiation of denervated SCs to regeneration-promoting repair SCs.
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Zhou ZF, Zhang F, Wang JG, Chen QC, Yang WZ, He N, Jiang YY, Chen F, Liu JJ. Electrospinning of PELA/PPY Fibrous Conduits: Promoting Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Rats by Self-Originated Electrical Stimulation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:1572-1581. [PMID: 33440592 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries represent a great challenge for surgeons. The conductive neural scaffold has experienced increasing interest because of its good biocompatibility and similar electrical properties as compared to those of a normal nerve. Herein, nerve conduits made from poly(d,l-lactide)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) and polypyrrole (20%, 30%, and 50%) (PELA-PPY) were prepared by electrospinning, and used in regeneration of peripheral nerve defects. The results of an in vitro experiment indicated a high biocompatibility for the as-prepared materials, supporting the attachment and proliferation of a rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cell. Furthermore, the PELA-PPY nerve conduit implanted in the sciatic nerve defects (10 mm) of the Spraguee-Dawley rats for 12 weeks showed similar results with the autograft, while it demonstrated a better outcome than the PELA nerve conduit in electrophysiological examination, sciatic function index, total amount of regenerated myelinated nerve fibers, axon diameter, myelin thickness, and several immunohistochemistry indices (S-100, laminin, neurofilament, bromodeoxyuridine, and glial fibrillary acidic portein). We supposed that the bioactivity is mainly generated by the PPY in composite nanofibers which could transmit self-originated electrical stimulation between cells. Due to the facile preparation and excellent in vivo performance, the PPY-PELA nerve conduit is promising for use as a bioengineered biomaterial for peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Fei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jian-Guang Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Quan-Chi Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Wei-Zhi Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ning He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ying-Ying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jian Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
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