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Sitarz M, Cussonneau JP, Matulewicz T, Haddad F. Radionuclide candidates for β+γ coincidence PET: An overview. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 155:108898. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.108898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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2
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Ma Y, Yun YK, Wondergem Nee Lukesh J, Sar A, Gone JR, Lindeman S, Donaldson WA. Reactivity of (1-methoxycarbonylpentadienyl)iron(1+) cations with hydride, methyl, and nitrogen nucleophiles. Tetrahedron 2017; 73:4493-4500. [PMID: 29200513 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of tricarbonyl and (dicarbonyl)triphenylphosphine (1-methoxycarbonyl-pentadientyl)iron(1+) cations 7 and 8 with methyl lithium, NaBH3CN, or potassium phthalimide affords (pentenediyl)iron complexes 9a-c and 11a-b, while reaction with dimethylcuprate, gave (E,Z-diene)iron complexes 10 and 12. Oxidatively induced-reductive elimination of 9a-c gave vinylcyclopropanecarboxylates 17a-c. The optically active vinylcyclopropane (+)-17a, prepared from (1S)-7, undergoes olefin cross-metathesis with excess (+)-18 to yield (+)-19, a C9-C16 synthon for the antifungal agent ambruticin. Alternatively reaction of 7 with methanesulfonamide or trimethylsilylazide gave (E,E-diene)iron complexes 14d and e. Huisgen [3+2] cyclization of the (azidodienyl)iron complex 14e with alkynes afforded triazoles 25a-e.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, P. O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881 USA
| | - Young K Yun
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, P. O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881 USA
| | | | - Anobick Sar
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, P. O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881 USA
| | - Jayapal Reddy Gone
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, P. O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881 USA
| | - Sergey Lindeman
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, P. O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881 USA
| | - William A Donaldson
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, P. O. Box 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881 USA
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125I labeling of clomiphene and biodistribution studies for possible use as a model in breast cancer imaging. Appl Radiat Isot 2016; 115:37-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chauhan K, Arun A, Singh S, Manohar M, Chuttani K, Konwar R, Dwivedi A, Soni R, Singh AK, Mishra AK, Datta A. Bivalent Approach for Homodimeric Estradiol Based Ligand: Synthesis and Evaluation for Targeted Theranosis of ER(+) Breast Carcinomas. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:961-72. [PMID: 26999669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of estradiol based bivalent ligand [(EST)2DT] is reported and its potential for targeted imaging and therapy of ER(+) tumors has been evaluated. For the purpose, ethinylestradiol was functionalized with an azidoethylamine moiety via click chemistry. The resultant derivative was reacted in a bivalent mode with DTPA-dianhydride to form the multicoordinate chelating agent, (EST)2DT which displayed capability to bind (99m)Tc. The radiolabeled complex, (99m)Tc-(EST)2DT was obtained in >99% radiochemical purity and 20-48 GBq/μmol of specific activity. RBA assay revealed ∼15% binding with estrogen receptor. Evaluation of ligand on ER(+)-cell line (MCF-7) suggested enhanced and ER-mediated uptake. In vivo assays displayed early tracer accumulation in MCF-7 xenografts with tumor to muscle ratio ∼6 in 2 h and negligible uptakes in nontargeted organs. MTT assay performed on ER(+) and ER(-) cell lines displayed selective inhibition of ER(+) cancer cell growth with IC50 = 14.3 μM which was comparable to tamoxifen. The anticancer activity of the ligand is possibly due to the increase in ERβ and suppression of ERα protein levels in gene transcription. The studies reveal the potential of (EST)2DT as diagnostic imaging agent with the additional benefits in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Chauhan
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO , Brig. SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi-110054, India.,Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Delhi-110016, India
| | - Ashutosh Arun
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Saurabh Singh
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO , Brig. SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi-110054, India
| | - Murli Manohar
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Krishna Chuttani
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO , Brig. SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi-110054, India
| | - Rituraj Konwar
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Anila Dwivedi
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow-226031, India
| | - Ravi Soni
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO , Brig. SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi-110054, India
| | - Ajai Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Delhi-110016, India
| | - Anil K Mishra
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO , Brig. SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi-110054, India
| | - Anupama Datta
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO , Brig. SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi-110054, India
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Xia X, Feng H, Li C, Qin C, Song Y, Zhang Y, Lan X. 99mTc-labeled estradiol as an estrogen receptor probe: Preparation and preclinical evaluation. Nucl Med Biol 2015; 43:89-96. [PMID: 26466867 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Most breast cancers express estrogen receptors (ERs). Noninvasive imaging of ER expression may be helpful for planning therapy of ER+ tumors. We developed a new ER- binding probe, (99m)Tc-labeled estradiol, with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) as a chelating ligand, and assessed its targeting ability in vitro and in vivo. METHODS 3-Aminoethyl estradiol was synthesized in two steps from estrone, followed by (99m)Tc labeling. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect ER expression in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Saturation binding and specific binding were performed by incubating MCF-7 cells with increasing concentrations of (99m)Tc-DTPA-estradiol. Cell uptake, efflux, and blocking assays were also performed. To test (99m)Tc-DTPA-estradiol in vivo, nude mice bearing either MCF-7- (high ER expression) or MDA-MB-231- derived tumors (low ER expression) were injected with (99m)Tc-DTPA-estradiol, and underwent single-photon emission-computed tomography (SPECT). Mice injected with excess unlabeled DTPA-estradiol were used as controls. Ex vivo gamma-counting of tissues from normal and tumor-bearing mice was used to evaluate (99m)Tc-DTPA-estradiol biodistribution. RESULTS The radiochemical purity of (99m)Tc-DTPA-estradiol was 98.3%±1.3% with a specific activity of 33.1±1.5 MBq/μmol (n=3). Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining confirmed extensive expression of ERs by the MCF-7 cells, and less extensive expression by MDA-MB-231 cells. There was high binding affinity of (99m)Tc-DTPA-estradiol to MCF-7 cells with a>45% specific rate of total cell uptake. SPECT images and the biodistribution study results showed significantly higher uptake by MCF-7 tumors (6.06±0.38 %ID/g) than by MDA-MB-231 tumors (1.57±0.28 %ID/g). Pre-injection of MCF-7 tumor-bearing nude mice with excess unlabeled DTPA-estradiol significantly reduced tumor uptake of (99m)Tc-DTPA-estradiol (2.24±0.28 %ID/g), suggesting that (99m)Tc-DTPA-estradiol specifically targets ERs in tumors. CONCLUSIONS (99m)Tc-DTPA-estradiol can be synthesized with satisfactory labeling efficiency and stability. (99m)Tc-DTPA-estradiol specifically targeted ERs in vitro and in vivo with favorable pharmacokinetics, allowing ER receptor expression assessment with SPECT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Xia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hongyan Feng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chongjiao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chunxia Qin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yiling Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yongxue Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Núñez-Montenegro A, Carballo R, Vázquez-López EM. Synthesis, characterization and binding affinities of rhenium(I) thiosemicarbazone complexes for the estrogen receptor (α/β). J Inorg Biochem 2014; 140:53-63. [PMID: 25061691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The binding affinities towards estrogen receptors (ERs) α and β of a set of thiosemicarbazone ligands (HL(n)) and their rhenium(I) carbonyl complexes [ReX(HL(n))(CO)3] (X=Cl, Br) were determined by a competitive standard radiometric assay with [(3)H]-estradiol. The ability of the coordinated thiosemicarbazone ligands to undergo deprotonation and the lability of the ReX bond were used as a synthetic strategy to obtain [Re(hpy)(L(n))(CO)3] (hpy=3- or 4-hydroxypyridine). The inclusion of the additional hpy ligand endows the new thiosemicarbazonate complexes with an improved affinity towards the estrogen receptors and, consequently, the values of the inhibition constant (Ki) could be determined for some of them. In general, the values of Ki for both ER subtypes suggest an appreciable selectivity towards ERα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ara Núñez-Montenegro
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidade de Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Rosa Carballo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidade de Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Le Bideau
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg (UMR 7177), CNRS-Université de Strasbourg , Strasbourg 67000, France
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Clède S, Lambert F, Sandt C, Kascakova S, Unger M, Harté E, Plamont MA, Saint-Fort R, Deniset-Besseau A, Gueroui Z, Hirschmugl C, Lecomte S, Dazzi A, Vessières A, Policar C. Detection of an estrogen derivative in two breast cancer cell lines using a single core multimodal probe for imaging (SCoMPI) imaged by a panel of luminescent and vibrational techniques. Analyst 2013; 138:5627-38. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an00807j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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9
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Novel estradiol based metal complexes of Tc-99m. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 111:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Makris G, Karagiorgou O, Papagiannopoulou D, Panagiotopoulou A, Raptopoulou CP, Terzis A, Psycharis V, Pelecanou M, Pirmettis I, Papadopoulos MS. Rhenium(I) and Technetium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes with [NSO]-Type Chelators: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Radiochemistry. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Hanson RN, Kirss R, McCaskill E, Hua E, Tongcharoensirikul P, Olmsted SL, Labaree D, Hochberg RB. Targeting the estrogen receptor with metal-carbonyl derivatives of estradiol. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:1670-3. [PMID: 22277281 PMCID: PMC3274643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.12.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As part of our program to develop new probes for the estrogen receptor binding domain, we prepared and evaluated a novel 17α-(rhenium tricarbonyl bipyridyl) vinyl estradiol complex. Preparation of the final compound was achieved using the Stille coupling between the preformed brominated rhenium tricarbonyl bipyridine complex and the tributylstannyl vinyl estradiol. Competitive receptor binding assays and stimulatory assays demonstrated that the final complex retained affinity and efficacy comparable to the corresponding pyridyl vinyl estradiol analog, but lower than that of the phenyl vinyl estradiol analog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert N Hanson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115-5000, USA.
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12
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Cote C, Kirss RU. Rhenium tricarbonyl complexes of 1-benzyl-4-(5-bipyridyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazoles. Inorganica Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2010.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Zhu H, Huang L, Zhang Y, Xu X, Sun Y, Shen YM. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of cyclofenil derivatives for potential SPECT imaging agents. J Biol Inorg Chem 2010; 15:591-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-010-0627-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yurt A, Muftuler FZB, Unak P, Yolcular S, Acar C, Enginar H. Synthesis of a novel antiestrogen radioligand (99mTc-TOR-DTPA). Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2010; 24:707-16. [PMID: 20025551 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2009.0656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at developing a hydrophilic radioligand as an antiestrogen drug derivative to be used for imaging breast tumors. Toremifene [TOR; 4-chloro-1,2-diphenyl-1-(4-(2-(N,N-di-methylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)-1-butene, as citrate salt] was selected as the starting material to be derived, since it has been used extensively as an antiestrogen drug for treatment and prevention of human breast cancer. An antiestrogen drug derivative, TOR attached to diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA), was synthesized by two experimental treatments, including a purification and a reaction step. We described the synthesis of this TOR derivative, (3Z)-4-{4-[2-(dimethylamino) ethoxy] phenyl}-3,4-diphenylbut-3-en-1-ylN,N-bis[2-(2,6-dioxomorpholin-4-yl)ethyl]glycinate (TOR-DTPA), in detail. Mass spectroscopy confirmed the expected structures. TOR-DTPA was labeled with technetium-99m ((99m)Tc), using stannous chloride (SnCl(2)) as the reducing agent. Biodistribution studies were performed on female Albino Wistar rats. Quality controls, radiochemical yield, and stability studies were done utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography, radioelectrophoresis, thin-layer chromatography, and thin-layer radiochromatography methods. The synthesized compound was found to be hydrophilic and anionic, with high stability for the duration of the testing period in vitro. The results indicated that the radiolabeled compound has estrogen-receptor specificity, especially for the breast tissue. It is highly possible that this compound could be used for imaging breast tumors as a novel technetium-labeled hydrophilic estrogen derivative radioligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayfer Yurt
- Department of Nuclear Applications, Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P. Holland
- Radiochemistry Service, Department of Radiology, and Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Matthew J. Williamson
- Radiochemistry Service, Department of Radiology, and Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jason S. Lewis
- Radiochemistry Service, Department of Radiology, and Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Lo KKW. Exploitation of Luminescent Organometallic Rhenium(I) and Iridium(III) Complexes in Biological Studies. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2009_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Nayak TK, Hathaway HJ, Ramesh C, Arterburn JB, Dai D, Sklar LA, Norenberg JP, Prossnitz ER. Preclinical development of a neutral, estrogen receptor-targeted, tridentate 99mTc(I)-estradiol-pyridin-2-yl hydrazine derivative for imaging of breast and endometrial cancers. J Nucl Med 2008; 49:978-86. [PMID: 18483091 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.107.048546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Breast and endometrial cancers are the most common invasive malignancies in women, with more than 217,000 new diagnoses per year in the United States. These cancers are often classified into 2 subtypes based on the expression of the classical estrogen receptor. In this study, we describe a new structural class of neutral tridentate 99mTc(I)-estradiol-pyridin-2-yl hydrazine derivatives for potential use in breast and endometrial cancer imaging. METHODS The 99mTc(I)-estradiol-pyridin-2-yl hydrazine derivative was synthesized via the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction and radiolabeled via the tricarbonyl approach. Radiochemical purity was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Cell-binding studies were performed with human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells. The in vivo biodistribution of the 99mTc(I) derivative was evaluated in virgin female C57BL/6 mice in defined phases of the estrous cycle. Biodistribution and SPECT/CT studies were performed with mice bearing MCF-7 and primary human endometrial tumors. RESULTS Radiochemical analysis demonstrated that the postpurification purity of the 99mTc(I)-estradiol-pyridin-2-yl hydrazine derivative was > or =95%, with a specific activity of 99mTc of 47.5 TBq/mmol. Cell-binding studies yielded a dissociation constant (mean +/- SEM) of 11 +/- 1.5 nM. In vivo studies revealed that receptor-mediated uptake was present in all phases of the estrous cycle in reproductive organs and mammary glands but was highest during the diestrous phase of the estrous cycle. Despite high nonspecific uptake in the liver, significant receptor-mediated uptake was observed in target tissues and estrogen receptor-expressing tumors (0.67% for MCF-7 tumors and 0.77% for endometrial tumors). Tumor uptake was reduced by approximately 50% on coinjection with 17beta-estradiol. CONCLUSION We have characterized a novel neutral tridentate 99mTc(I)-estradiol-pyridin-2-yl hydrazine derivative for potential use in breast and endometrial cancer imaging. This study represents the first step on a path toward the design of estrogen-based Tc-labeled tracers with improved targeting and SPECT imaging characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan K Nayak
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
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Causey PW, Besanger TR, Valliant JF. Synthesis and Screening of Mono- and Di-Aryl Technetium and Rhenium Metallocarboranes. A New Class of Probes for the Estrogen Receptor. J Med Chem 2008; 51:2833-44. [DOI: 10.1021/jm701561e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W. Causey
- The McMaster Nuclear Reactor, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada, Departments of Chemistry and Medical Physics & Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Travis R. Besanger
- The McMaster Nuclear Reactor, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada, Departments of Chemistry and Medical Physics & Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - John F. Valliant
- The McMaster Nuclear Reactor, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada, Departments of Chemistry and Medical Physics & Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
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Abstract
The aberrant expression and function of certain receptors in tumours and other diseased tissues make them preferable targets for molecular imaging. PET and SPECT radionuclides can be used to label specific ligands with high affinity for the target receptors. The functional information obtained from imaging these receptors can be used to better understand the systems under investigation and for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This review discusses some of the aspects of receptor imaging with small molecule tracers by PET and SPECT and reviews some of the tracers for the receptor imaging of tumours and brain, heart and lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviv Hagooly
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd., Campus Box 8225, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Lo KKW, Lee TKM, Lau JSY, Poon WL, Cheng SH. Luminescent Biological Probes Derived from Ruthenium(II) Estradiol Polypyridine Complexes. Inorg Chem 2007; 47:200-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ic701735q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Terence Kwok-Ming Lee
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jason Shing-Yip Lau
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wing-Lin Poon
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuk-Han Cheng
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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Ramesh C, Bryant B, Nayak T, Revankar CM, Anderson T, Carlson KE, Katzenellenbogen JA, Sklar LA, Norenberg JP, Prossnitz ER, Arterburn JB. Linkage effects on binding affinity and activation of GPR30 and estrogen receptors ERalpha/beta with tridentate pyridin-2-yl hydrazine tricarbonyl-Re/(99m)Tc(I) chelates. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 128:14476-7. [PMID: 17090028 PMCID: PMC2596072 DOI: 10.1021/ja066360p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We describe a new structural class of neutral tridentate pyridin-2-yl hydrazine chelates for labeling with tricarbonyl Re/99mTc(I) under aqueous conditions and investigate the receptor binding of synthetic estradiol derivatives with the novel G-protein-coupled receptor GPR30 and estrogen receptors ERalpha/beta. The steroid linkage affected the affinity and selectivity of estrogen binding with these receptors. Fluorescence assays based on calcium signaling demonstrate that membrane-permeable chelates 2 and 3 interact with the receptors in whole cells. These results suggest that in vitro assays will facilitate the development of targeted imaging agents for intracellular receptors and the feasibility of targeting GPR30 and ERalpha/beta for diagnostic tumor imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnasamy Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry MSC 3C, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
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Lo KKW, Zhang KY, Chung CK, Kwok KY. Synthesis, photophysical and electrochemical properties, and protein-binding studies of luminescent cyclometalated iridium(III) bipyridine estradiol conjugates. Chemistry 2007; 13:7110-20. [PMID: 17566135 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A new series of luminescent cyclometalated iridium(III) bipyridine estradiol conjugates [Ir(N-C)2(N-N)](PF6) (N-N = 5-(4-(17alpha-ethynylestradiolyl)phenyl)-2,2'-bipyridine, bpy-est, HN-C = 2-phenylpyridine, Hppy (1 a), 1-phenylpyrazole, Hppz (2 a), 7,8-benzoquinoline, Hbzq (3 a), 2-phenylquinoline, Hpq (4 a), 2-((1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl)benzothiazole, Hbsb (5 a); N-N = 4-(N-(6-(4-(17alpha-ethynylestradiolyl)benzoylamino)hexyl)aminocarbonyl)-4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridine, bpy-C6-est, HN-C = Hppy (1 b), Hppz (2 b), Hbzq (3 b), Hpq (4 b), Hbsb (5 b)) was synthesized, characterized, and their photophysical and electrochemical properties studied. Upon photoexcitation, all the complexes displayed intense and long-lived emission in fluid solutions at 298 K and in low-temperature glass. The emission of complexes 1 a-3 a and 1 b-3 b was assigned to a triplet metal-to-ligand charge-transfer ((3)MLCT) (dpi(Ir)-->pi*(bpy-est and N-C-)) state mixed with some triplet intraligand ((3)IL) (pi-->pi*) (N-C- and N-N) character. However, the emissive states of the pq- and bsb- complexes 4 a, 4 b, 5 a, and 5 b showed substantial (3)IL (pi-->pi*) (pq-/bsb-) character. The lipophilicity of all the complexes was determined by reversed-phase HPLC. Upon binding to estrogen receptor alpha, all of these iridium(III) estradiol conjugates exhibited emission enhancement and lifetime extension, rendering them a novel series of luminescent probes for this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
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Ahmed N, van Lier JE. A novel and stereoselective synthesis of 7α-alkynylestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17β-estradiol. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Wolohan P, Reichert DE. CoMSIA and docking study of rhenium based estrogen receptor ligand analogs. Steroids 2007; 72:247-60. [PMID: 17280694 PMCID: PMC1964785 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2006.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2006] [Revised: 11/07/2006] [Accepted: 11/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OPLS all atom force field parameters were developed in order to model a diverse set of novel rhenium based estrogen receptor ligands whose relative binding affinities (RBA) to the estrogen receptor alpha isoform (ERalpha) with respect to 17beta-estradiol were available. The binding properties of these novel rhenium based organometallic complexes were studied with a combination of Comparative Molecular Similarity Indices Analysis (CoMSIA) and docking. A total of 29 estrogen receptor ligands consisting of 11 rhenium complexes and 18 organic ligands were docked inside the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of ERalpha utilizing the program Gold. The top ranked pose was used to construct CoMSIA models from a training set of 22 of the estrogen receptor ligands which were selected at random. In addition scoring functions from the docking runs and the polar volume (PV) were also studied to investigate their ability to predict RBA ERalpha. A partial least-squares analysis consisting of the CoMSIA steric, electrostatic and hydrophobic indices together with the polar volume proved sufficiently predictive having a correlation coefficient, r(2), of 0.94 and a cross-validated correlation coefficient, q(2), utilizing the leave-one-out method of 0.68. Analysis of the scoring functions from Gold showed particularly poor correlation to RBA ERalpha which did not improve when the rhenium complexes were extracted to leave the organic ligands. The combined CoMSIA and polar volume model ranked correctly the ligands in order of increasing RBA ERalpha, illustrating the utility of this method as a prescreening tool in the development of novel rhenium based estrogen receptor ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David E. Reichert
- *Address all correspondence to: David E. Reichert, Ph.D., Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd., Campus Box 8225, St. Louis, MO 63110, phone: (314) 362-8461, fax: (314) 362-9940, e-mail:
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Bigott HM, Laforest R, Liu X, Ruangma A, Wuest F, Welch MJ. Advances in the production, processing and microPET image quality of technetium-94m. Nucl Med Biol 2007; 33:923-33. [PMID: 17045173 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2006.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2006] [Revised: 05/26/2006] [Accepted: 07/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This work involves the production, processing and imaging of the short-lived, rarely used positron emission tomography (PET) radionuclide technetium-94m (94mTc). Our procedures are an extension of methods reported in the literature and are detailed within. A key modification was the development of a single step that combines purification and concentration of an aqueous 94mTc-pertechnetate solution, which both reduces processing time and increases the final concentration of the solution. Additionally, a convenient method for the direct recovery of 94mTc into an organic solvent was developed, eliminating the solvent transfer step needed for organic syntheses using 94mTc. Each of these advances potentially extends the scope of syntheses possible with this short-lived radionuclide. To explore the imaging potential of 94mTc, we carried out phantom imaging studies on small-scale high-resolution PET scanners to estimate the limitations of detection associated with 94mTc and PET. Preliminary studies demonstrate that useful images can be obtained with modern image reconstruction algorithms when using a correction for the cascade gamma ray contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Bigott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Reddy Gondi S, Son DY. Cholane Derivatives with Potential Ligating Groups at the 3‐ and 24‐Positions. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910500521803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - David Y. Son
- a Department of Chemistry , Southern Methodist University , Dallas, Texas, USA
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Lo KKW, Tsang KHK, Zhu N. Luminescent Tricarbonylrhenium(I) Polypyridine Estradiol Conjugates: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Photophysical, Electrochemical, and Protein-Binding Properties. Organometallics 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/om060193k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Keith Hing-Kit Tsang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Nianyong Zhu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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Kasiotis KM, Mendorou C, Haroutounian SA, Alexis MN. High affinity 17alpha-substituted estradiol derivatives: synthesis and evaluation of estrogen receptor agonist activity. Steroids 2006; 71:249-55. [PMID: 16360721 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2005.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2005] [Revised: 10/25/2005] [Accepted: 10/31/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized four derivatives of 17beta-estradiol (E2) with an azide substitution on a 17alpha-side chain of varying length, namely 17alpha-(azidopropargyl)-3,17beta-estradiol (5), its 17beta-azido derivative (diazide 7), 17alpha-(5-azido-pent-1-ynyl)-3,17beta-estradiol (6) and 17alpha-(azidopentyn-2-yl)-3,17beta-estradiol (10). While most of the derivatives had low (7) or marginal (6 and 10) relative binding affinity (RBA) for both types of estrogen receptor (ERalpha and ERbeta), the RBAalpha and RBAbeta of 5 were practically identical to those of E2. The estrogenic activity of the derivatives was assessed using estrogen-responsive breast (MCF-7) and endometrial cancer (Ishikawa) cells. While 5 was a potent and effective inducer of alkaline phosphatase in Ishikawa cells and 7 was less potent but as effective as 5, 6 was marginally active and 10 was totally inactive in this respect. In the presence of 0.1 nM E2, however, 6 exhibited some ER antagonist activity at the highest concentration tested (1 microM). Similar results were obtained as regards the potency and efficacy of stimulation of MCF-7 cell proliferation and induction of luciferase gene expression in MCF-7:D5L cells, a clone stably transfected with an estrogen-responsive form of the gene. These data suggest that, while 5, 6, 7 and 10 interact with either type of ER in isolation, only 5 and 7 exhibit substantial ER agonist activity in the different estrogen-target cells examined, which could provide for photoaffinity labelling of the receptor in the cell as well as in isolation.
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Bigott HM, Parent E, Luyt LG, Katzenellenbogen JA, Welch MJ. Design and synthesis of functionalized cyclopentadienyl tricarbonylmetal complexes for technetium-94m PET imaging of estrogen receptors. Bioconjug Chem 2005; 16:255-64. [PMID: 15769078 DOI: 10.1021/bc049770g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cyclopentadienyl tricarbonylmetal (CpTM, M = Re, (94m)Tc) complexes, some based on a typical nonsteroidal estrogen, were prepared with the aim of developing technetium- and rhenium-labeled imaging agents for estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast tumors. CpT[(94m)Tc] compounds with simple cyclopentadienyl substituents were first synthesized using a modified double ligand transfer reaction. The in vivo biodistribution of one of these CpT[(94m)Tc] complexes was determined by tissue dissection and microPET imaging. Novel C-ring substituted analogues of cyclofenil, a nonsteroidal compound known to bind the ER, were also prepared, and their ER binding was measured. Because of their low ER affinity, however, labeling and imaging studies of these compounds were not pursued. It is notable that the highest ER binding analogue, a CpTRe cyclofenil derivative, could be synthesized from the corresponding ferrocenyl cyclofenil analogue by the double ligand transfer reaction. This further demonstrates the versatility of the double ligand transfer reaction and indicates that the synthesis of technetium and rhenium radiolabeled agents for breast tumor imaging and therapy is also likely to be successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Bigott
- Division of Radiological Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway, Campus Box 8225, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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Spera D, Cabrera G, Fiaschi R, Carlson KE, Katzenellenbogen JA, Napolitano E. Estradiol derivatives bearing sulfur-containing substituents at the 11beta or 7alpha positions: versatile reagents for the preparation of estrogen conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 12:4393-401. [PMID: 15265491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2004] [Accepted: 06/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Estradiol derivatives bearing HS-, HSCH(2)-, HSCH(2)CH(2)-, MeS-, MeSCH(2)-, MeSCH(2)CH(2)-, or PhCH(2)SCH(2)CH(2)-groups at the 11beta position or an HS-group at the 7alpha position have been synthesized, and their binding affinity to the estrogen receptor (ER) determined. Nearly all of these substituted estrogens retain high binding affinity, and at the 11beta position, the sulfur atom has an effect on ER binding that is similar to that of a carbon atom. These thiol derivatives are promising intermediates for the preparation of a variety of estradiol conjugates. The methyl sulfides, in particular, might potentially be developed as (11)C-labeled agents for imaging ER-positive tumors by positron emission tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Spera
- Dipartimento di Chimica Bioorganica e Biofarmacia, Via Bonanno 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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