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Fu S, Wen Y, Peng B, Tang M, Shi M, Liu J, Yang Y, Si W, Guo Y, Li X, Yan T, Kang J, Pei H, Chen L. Discovery of indoline-based derivatives as effective ROCK2 inhibitors for the potential new treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Bioorg Chem 2023; 137:106539. [PMID: 37163811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, and devastating lung disease with a median survival of only 3-5 years. Due to the lack of effective therapy, IPF threatens human health. Recently, increasing reports have indicated that Rho-associated coiled-coil protein kinases (ROCKs) play important roles in the development of IPF and might represent a novel target for the treatment of IPF. Herein, a new series of selective ROCK2 inhibitors based on indoline were designed and synthesized. Structural modification resulted in optimized compound 9b with an IC50 value of 6 nM against ROCK2 and the inhibition of collagen gel contraction. Cellular assays demonstrated that 9b could significantly suppress the expression of collagen I and α-SMA, and inhibited ROCK signaling pathway. Oral administration of compound 9b (10 mg/kg) exerted more significant anti-pulmonary fibrosis effects than nintedanib (100 mg/kg) and KD025 (100 mg/kg) in a bleomycin-induced IPF rat model, suggesting that 9b could serve as a potential lead compound for the treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhong Fu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Wen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Minghai Tang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingsong Shi
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yingxue Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenting Si
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiandeng Li
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tingting Yan
- Sichuan Good Doctor Panxi Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Xichang 615000, China
| | - Jie Kang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Medicinal American Cockroach, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Heying Pei
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China..
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.; Chengdu Zenitar Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610000, China.
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2
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Iijima H. 配座発生を利用した分子設計. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2023; 143:369-375. [PMID: 37005239 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.22-00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Today computational chemistry has become an established tool for medicinal chemists. However, softwares are becoming more sophisticated, and in order to master the tools, a wide range of fundamental competency such as thermodynamics, statistics, and physical chemistry are required in addition to chemical creativity. As a result, a software might be used as a black box. In this article, I would like to introduce what a simple computational conformation analysis can do and my experience of using it in actual wet research.
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Abbhi V, Piplani P. Rho-kinase (ROCK) Inhibitors - A Neuroprotective Therapeutic Paradigm with a Focus on Ocular Utility. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:2222-2256. [PMID: 30378487 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181031102829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy causing visual impairment and Retinal Ganglionic Cells (RGCs) death gradually posing a need for neuroprotective strategies to minimize the loss of RGCs and visual field. It is recognized as a multifactorial disease, Intraocular Pressure (IOP) being the foremost risk factor. ROCK inhibitors have been probed for various possible indications, such as myocardial ischemia, hypertension, kidney diseases. Their role in neuroprotection and neuronal regeneration has been suggested to be of value in the treatment of neurological diseases, like spinal-cord injury, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis but recently Rho-associated Kinase inhibitors have been recognized as potential antiglaucoma agents. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Rho-Kinase is a serine/threonine kinase with a kinase domain which is constitutively active and is involved in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction and stress fibre formation. Two isoforms of Rho-Kinase, ROCK-I (ROCK β) and ROCK-II (ROCK α) have been identified. ROCK II plays a pathophysiological role in glaucoma and hence the inhibitors of ROCK may be beneficial to ameliorate the vision loss. These inhibitors decrease the intraocular pressure in the glaucomatous eye by increasing the aqueous humour outflow through the trabecular meshwork pathway. They also act as anti-scarring agents and hence prevent post-operative scarring after the glaucoma filtration surgery. Their major role involves axon regeneration by increasing the optic nerve blood flow which may be useful in treating the damaged optic neurons. These drugs act directly on the neurons in the central visual pathway, interrupting the RGC apoptosis and therefore serve as a novel pharmacological approach for glaucoma neuroprotection. CONCLUSION Based on the results of high-throughput screening, several Rho kinase inhibitors have been designed and developed comprising of diverse scaffolds exhibiting Rho kinase inhibitory activity from micromolar to subnanomolar ranges. This diversity in the scaffolds with inhibitory potential against the kinase and their SAR development will be intricated in the present review. Ripasudil is the only Rho kinase inhibitor marketed to date for the treatment of glaucoma. Another ROCK inhibitor AR-13324 has recently passed the clinical trials whereas AMA0076, K115, PG324, Y39983 and RKI-983 are still under trials. In view of this, a detailed and updated account of ROCK II inhibitors as the next generation therapeutic agents for glaucoma will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudha Abbhi
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study (UGCCAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Poonam Piplani
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study (UGCCAS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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4
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Li H, Zhou X, Ye H, Sun X, Zhang P. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluations of Several Fasudil Analogues. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- College of Food Science and BioengineeringTianjin Agricultural University Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyong Zhou
- College of Food Science and BioengineeringTianjin Agricultural University Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Ye
- R&D of Danfoss (Tianjin) Ltd. Tianjin 301700 People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Sun
- College of Food Science and BioengineeringTianjin Agricultural University Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- College of Food Science and BioengineeringTianjin Agricultural University Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
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5
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Liu J, Wada Y, Katsura M, Tozawa H, Erwin N, Kapron CM, Bao G, Liu J. Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Kinase (ROCK) in Molecular Regulation of Angiogenesis. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:6053-6069. [PMID: 30613282 PMCID: PMC6299434 DOI: 10.7150/thno.30305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Identified as a major downstream effector of the small GTPase RhoA, Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) is a versatile regulator of multiple cellular processes. Angiogenesis, the process of generating new capillaries from the pre-existing ones, is required for the development of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. Recently, ROCK has attracted attention for its crucial role in angiogenesis, making it a promising target for new therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding the role of ROCK signaling in regulating the permeability, migration, proliferation and tubulogenesis of endothelial cells (ECs), as well as its functions in non-ECs which constitute the pro-angiogenic microenvironment. The therapeutic potential of ROCK inhibitors in angiogenesis-related diseases is also discussed.
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Hobson AD, Judge RA, Aguirre AL, Brown BS, Cui Y, Ding P, Dominguez E, DiGiammarino E, Egan DA, Freiberg GM, Gopalakrishnan SM, Harris CM, Honore MP, Kage KL, Kapecki NJ, Ling C, Ma J, Mack H, Mamo M, Maurus S, McRae B, Moore NS, Mueller BK, Mueller R, Namovic MT, Patel K, Pratt SD, Putman CB, Queeney KL, Sarris KK, Schaffter LM, Stoll V, Vasudevan A, Wang L, Wang L, Wirthl W, Yach K. Identification of Selective Dual ROCK1 and ROCK2 Inhibitors Using Structure-Based Drug Design. J Med Chem 2018; 61:11074-11100. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian D. Hobson
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Russell A. Judge
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Ana L. Aguirre
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Brian S. Brown
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Yifang Cui
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Knollstrasse 50, 67061, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Ping Ding
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Eric Dominguez
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Enrico DiGiammarino
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - David A. Egan
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Gail M. Freiberg
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | | | - Christopher M. Harris
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Marie P. Honore
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Karen L. Kage
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Nicolas J. Kapecki
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Christopher Ling
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Junli Ma
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Helmut Mack
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Knollstrasse 50, 67061, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Mulugeta Mamo
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Stefan Maurus
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Knollstrasse 50, 67061, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Bradford McRae
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Nigel S. Moore
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Bernhard K. Mueller
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Knollstrasse 50, 67061, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Reinhold Mueller
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Knollstrasse 50, 67061, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Marian T. Namovic
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Kaushal Patel
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Steve D. Pratt
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - C. Brent Putman
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Kara L. Queeney
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Kathy K. Sarris
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Lisa M. Schaffter
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Vincent Stoll
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Anil Vasudevan
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Lei Wang
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Lu Wang
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - William Wirthl
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Kimberly Yach
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 381 Plantation Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
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7
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Shah S, Patel B, Savjani JK. Pharmacophore mapping based virtual screening, molecular docking and ADMET studies of ROCK II inhibitors. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2018; 21:35-41. [PMID: 29455072 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Surmil Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G.Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Bhumika Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G.Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Jignasa K Savjani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G.Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India.
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8
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Judge RA, Vasudevan A, Scott VE, Simler GH, Pratt SD, Namovic MT, Putman CB, Aguirre A, Stoll VS, Mamo M, Swann SI, Cassar SC, Faltynek CR, Kage KL, Boyce-Rustay JM, Hobson AD. Design of Aminobenzothiazole Inhibitors of Rho Kinases 1 and 2 by Using Protein Kinase A as a Structure Surrogate. Chembiochem 2018; 19:613-621. [PMID: 29314498 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We describe the design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships (SARs) of a series of 2-aminobenzothiazole inhibitors of Rho kinases (ROCKs) 1 and 2, which were optimized to low nanomolar potencies by use of protein kinase A (PKA) as a structure surrogate to guide compound design. A subset of these molecules also showed robust activity in a cell-based myosin phosphatase assay and in a mechanical hyperalgesia in vivo pain model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell A Judge
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Anil Vasudevan
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Victoria E Scott
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Gricelda H Simler
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Steve D Pratt
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Marian T Namovic
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - C Brent Putman
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Ana Aguirre
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Vincent S Stoll
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Mulugeta Mamo
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.,Current address: Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Steven I Swann
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.,Current address: Takeda Pharmaceuticals, 10410 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Steven C Cassar
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | | | - Karen L Kage
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.,Current address: Altor Bioscience, 2810 North Commerce Parkway, Miramar, FL, 33025, USA
| | - Janel M Boyce-Rustay
- AbbVie, Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.,Current address: Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Adrian D Hobson
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
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9
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Abbhi V, Saini L, Mishra S, Sethi G, Kumar AP, Piplani P. Design and synthesis of benzimidazole-based Rho kinase inhibitors for the treatment of glaucoma. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:6071-6085. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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10
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Yao Y, Li R, Liu X, Yang F, Yang Y, Li X, Shi X, Yuan T, Fang L, Du G, Jiao X, Xie P. Discovery of Novel N-Substituted Prolinamido Indazoles as Potent Rho Kinase Inhibitors and Vasorelaxation Agents. Molecules 2017; 22:E1766. [PMID: 29048389 PMCID: PMC6151428 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of Rho kinase (ROCK) have potential therapeutic applicability in a wide range of diseases, such as hypertension, stroke, asthma and glaucoma. In a previous article, we described the lead discovery of DL0805, a new ROCK I inhibitor, showing potent inhibitory activity (IC50 6.7 μM). Herein, we present the lead optimization of compound DL0805, resulting in the discovery of 24- and 39-fold more-active analogues 4a (IC50 0.27 μM) and 4b (IC50 0.17 μM), among other active analogues. Moreover, ex-vivo studies demonstrated that 4a and 4b exhibited comparable vasorelaxant activity to the approved drug fasudil in rat aortic rings. The research of a preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) indicated that the target compounds containing a β-proline moiety have improved activity against ROCK I relative to analogues bearing an α-proline moiety, and among the series of the derivatives with a β-proline-derived indazole scaffold, the inhibitory activity of the target compounds with a benzyl substituent is superior to those with a benzoyl substituent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Renze Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Feilong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Xiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Tianyi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Lianhua Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Guanhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Xiaozhen Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Ping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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11
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Li S, Wei D, Mao Z, Chen L, Yan X, Li Y, Dong S, Wang D. Design, synthesis, immunocytochemistry evaluation, and molecular docking investigation of several 4-aminopyridine derivatives as potential neuroprotective agents for treating Parkinson's disease. Bioorg Chem 2017; 73:63-75. [PMID: 28618343 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuroprotection refers to the relative preservation of neuronal structure and function. Neuroprotective agents refer to substances that are capable of preserving brain function and structure. Currently, there are no neuroprotective agents available that can effectively relieve the progression of Parkinson's disease. In this work, five novel 4-aminopyridine derivatives, including three amides and two ureas, were designed, synthesized, and evaluated using the rat PC12 mice pheochromocytoma cell line as an in vitro model. As well as human Rho kinase inhibitory experiment was performed. Among them, compound 3, which exhibited high cell viability, low cytotoxicity and good efficacy of inhibition on α-synuclein, oxidation, inflammation and Rho kinase, was profound as potential agents for Parkinson's disease (PD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Daiyan Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Zhuo Mao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Ligong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xilong Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Shengjie Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Donghua Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
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12
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Komarova YA, Kruse K, Mehta D, Malik AB. Protein Interactions at Endothelial Junctions and Signaling Mechanisms Regulating Endothelial Permeability. Circ Res 2017; 120:179-206. [PMID: 28057793 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.306534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The monolayer of endothelial cells lining the vessel wall forms a semipermeable barrier (in all tissue except the relatively impermeable blood-brain and inner retinal barriers) that regulates tissue-fluid homeostasis, transport of nutrients, and migration of blood cells across the barrier. Permeability of the endothelial barrier is primarily regulated by a protein complex called adherens junctions. Adherens junctions are not static structures; they are continuously remodeled in response to mechanical and chemical cues in both physiological and pathological settings. Here, we discuss recent insights into the post-translational modifications of junctional proteins and signaling pathways regulating plasticity of adherens junctions and endothelial permeability. We also discuss in the context of what is already known and newly defined signaling pathways that mediate endothelial barrier leakiness (hyperpermeability) that are important in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and lung diseases and vascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia A Komarova
- From the Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago
| | - Kevin Kruse
- From the Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago
| | - Dolly Mehta
- From the Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago
| | - Asrar B Malik
- From the Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago.
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Defert
- Amakem Therapeutics NV, Agoralaan A Bis, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sandro Boland
- Amakem Therapeutics NV, Agoralaan A Bis, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Cistim, Gaston Geenslaan 2, Leuven, Belgium
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14
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15
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16
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Shah S, Savjani J. A review on ROCK-II inhibitors: From molecular modelling to synthesis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2383-2391. [PMID: 27080184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Rho kinase enzyme expressed in different disease conditions and involved in mediating vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling in the pathogenesis. There are two isoforms of Rho kinases, namely ROCK I and ROCK II, responsible for different physiological function due to difference in distribution, but almost similar in structure. The Rho kinase 2 belongs to AGC family and is widely distributed in brain, heart and muscles. It is responsible for contraction of vascular smooth muscles by calcium sensitization. Its defective and unwanted expression can lead to many medical conditions like multiple sclerosis, myocardial ischemia, inflammatory responses, etc. Many Rho kinase 1 and 2 inhibitors have been designed for Rho/Rho kinase pathway by use of molecular modeling studies. Most of the designed compounds have been modeled based on ROCK 1 enzyme. This article is focused on Rho kinase 2 inhibitors as there are many ways to improvise by use of Computer aided drug designing as very less quantum of research work carried out. Herein, the article highlights different stages of designing like docking, SAR and synthesis of ROCK inhibitors and recent advances. It also highlights future prospective to improve the activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surmil Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G. Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India
| | - Jignasa Savjani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G. Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India.
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17
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Zhou W, Li S, Lu W, Yuan J, Xu Y, Li H, Huang J, Zhao Z. Isoindole-1,3-dione derivatives as RSK2 inhibitors: synthesis, molecular docking simulation and SAR analysis. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00469a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study reports a series of novel potent RSK2 inhibitors obtained from structure modifications of a virtual screening hit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Shiliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Weiqiang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Jun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Yufang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Honglin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Jin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
| | - Zhenjiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
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18
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Feng Y, LoGrasso PV, Defert O, Li R. Rho Kinase (ROCK) Inhibitors and Their Therapeutic Potential. J Med Chem 2015; 59:2269-300. [PMID: 26486225 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rho kinases (ROCKs) belong to the serine-threonine family, the inhibition of which affects the function of many downstream substrates. As such, ROCK inhibitors have potential therapeutic applicability in a wide variety of pathological conditions including asthma, cancer, erectile dysfunction, glaucoma, insulin resistance, kidney failure, neuronal degeneration, and osteoporosis. To date, two ROCK inhibitors have been approved for clinical use in Japan (fasudil and ripasudil) and one in China (fasudil). In 1995 fasudil was approved for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm, and more recently, ripasudil was approved for the treatment of glaucoma in 2014. In this Perspective, we present a comprehensive review of the physiological and biological functions for ROCK, the properties and development of over 170 ROCK inhibitors as well as their therapeutic potential, the current status, and future considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olivier Defert
- Amakem Therapeutics , Agoralaan A bis, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Rongshi Li
- Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Cancer Genes and Molecular Regulation Program, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center , 986805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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19
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Xin YL, Yu JZ, Yang XW, Liu CY, Li YH, Feng L, Chai Z, Yang WF, Wang Q, Jiang WJ, Zhang GX, Xiao BG, Ma CG. FSD-C10: A more promising novel ROCK inhibitor than Fasudil for treatment of CNS autoimmunity. Biosci Rep 2015; 35:e00247. [PMID: 26223433 PMCID: PMC4721545 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20150032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rho-Rho kinase (Rho-ROCK) triggers an intracellular signalling cascade that regulates cell survival, death, adhesion, migration, neurite outgrowth and retraction and influences the generation and development of several neurological disorders. Although Fasudil, a ROCK inhibitor, effectively suppressed encephalomyelitis (EAE), certain side effects may limit its clinical use. A novel and efficient ROCK inhibitor, FSD-C10, has been explored. In the present study, we present chemical synthesis and structure of FSD-C10, as well as the relationship between compound concentration and ROCK inhibition. We compared the inhibitory efficiency of ROCKI and ROCK II, the cell cytotoxicity, neurite outgrowth and dendritic formation, neurotrophic factors and vasodilation between Fasudil and FSD-C10. The results demonstrated that FSD-C10, like Fasudil, induced neurite outgrowth of neurons and dendritic formation of BV-2 microglia and enhanced the production of neurotrophic factor brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3). However, the cell cytotoxicity and vasodilation of FSD-C10 were relatively small compared with Fasudil. Although Fasudil inhibited both ROCK I and ROCK II, FSD-C10 more selectively suppressed ROCK II, but not ROCK I, which may be related to vasodilation insensitivity and animal mortality. Thus, FSD-C10 may be a safer and more promising novel ROCK inhibitor than Fasudil for the treatment of several neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Le Xin
- Institute of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
| | - Jie-Zhong Yu
- Institute of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
| | - Xin-Wang Yang
- Institute of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
| | - Chun-Yun Liu
- Institute of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
| | - Yan-Hua Li
- Institute of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
| | - Ling Feng
- Institute of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
| | - Zhi Chai
- "2011" Collaborative Innovation Center/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China
| | - Wan-Fang Yang
- "2011" Collaborative Innovation Center/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China
| | - Qing Wang
- "2011" Collaborative Innovation Center/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China
| | - Wei-Jia Jiang
- "2011" Collaborative Innovation Center/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China
| | - Guang-Xian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, U.S.A
| | - Bao-Guo Xiao
- Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Cun-Gen Ma
- Institute of Brain Science, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China "2011" Collaborative Innovation Center/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China
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20
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Green J, Cao J, Bandarage UK, Gao H, Court J, Marhefka C, Jacobs M, Taslimi P, Newsome D, Nakayama T, Shah S, Rodems S. Design, Synthesis, and Structure–Activity Relationships of Pyridine-Based Rho Kinase (ROCK) Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2015; 58:5028-37. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Green
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Jingrong Cao
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Upul K. Bandarage
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Huai Gao
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - John Court
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Craig Marhefka
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Marc Jacobs
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Paul Taslimi
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - David Newsome
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Tomoko Nakayama
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Sundeep Shah
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., 11010 Torreyana Road, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Steve Rodems
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals,
Inc., 11010 Torreyana Road, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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21
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Discovery of potent and selective urea-based ROCK inhibitors: Exploring the inhibitor’s potency and ROCK2/PKA selectivity by 3D-QSAR, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:2505-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Radixin regulates synaptic GABAA receptor density and is essential for reversal learning and short-term memory. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6872. [PMID: 25891999 PMCID: PMC4411296 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmitter receptor density is a major variable in regulating synaptic strength. Receptors rapidly exchange between synapses and intracellular storage pools through endocytic recycling. In addition, lateral diffusion and confinement exchanges surface membrane receptors between synaptic and extrasynaptic sites. However, the signals that regulate this transition are currently unknown. GABAA receptors containing α5-subunits (GABAAR-α5) concentrate extrasynaptically through radixin (Rdx)-mediated anchorage at the actin cytoskeleton. Here we report a novel mechanism that regulates adjustable plasma membrane receptor pools in the control of synaptic receptor density. RhoA/ROCK signalling regulates an activity-dependent Rdx phosphorylation switch that uncouples GABAAR-α5 from its extrasynaptic anchor, thereby enriching synaptic receptor numbers. Thus, the unphosphorylated form of Rdx alters mIPSCs. Rdx gene knockout impairs reversal learning and short-term memory, and Rdx phosphorylation in wild-type mice exhibits experience-dependent changes when exposed to novel environments. Our data suggest an additional mode of synaptic plasticity, in which extrasynaptic receptor reservoirs supply synaptic GABAARs.
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23
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Zhang Z, Guo K, Bai Y, Dong J, Gao Z, Yuan Y, Wang Y, Liu L, Yue T. Identification, synthesis, and safety assessment of forchlorfenuron (1-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-3-phenylurea) and its metabolites in kiwifruits. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:3059-3066. [PMID: 25757044 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Identification and evaluation of safety of forchlorfenuron ((1-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-3-phenylurea)), 1, metabolites after biotransformation in kiwifruit is the objective of this study. To elucidate properties of these metabolites, liquid chromatography hybrid ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-IT-TOF-MS) was applied, with MetID Solution and Formula Predictor Software in positive mode. Cytotoxicity of forchlorfenuron and its metabolites were tested through sulforhodamine B assays against normal Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO). As deduced from characteristic fragment ions of forchlorfenuron, then confirmed by comparison with synthetic standards, as well as characterized by NMR and mass spectrometry techniques, results indicate the presence of 4-hydroxyphenyl-forchlorfenuron, 2, 3-hydroxyphenyl-forchlorfenuron, 3, and forchlorfenuron-4-O-β-D-glucoside, 5. Forchlorfenuron (IC50 = 12.12 ± 2.14 μM) and 4-hydroxyphenyl-forchlorfenuron (IC50 = 36.15 ± 1.59 μM), exhibits significant cytotoxicity against CHO, while 3-hydroxyphenyl-forchlorfenuron and forchlorfenuron-4-O-β-D-glucoside show no cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Zhang
- ‡College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Chengyang 266109, Qingdao China
| | | | | | - Jing Dong
- ⊥Beijing Office, Shimadzu International Trading (Shanghai), 14/F Life Tower, 16 Chaoyang Men Wai Street, Beijing 100020, China
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24
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Wang X, Chen L, Li H, Sun C, Qi H, Wang D. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluations of Several Y-26732 Analogues. J Heterocycl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Ligong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Changhai Sun
- Tianjin Chase Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd; Tianjin 301700 People's Republic of China
| | - Haofei Qi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Donghua Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
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25
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Rho kinase/ROCK is critical in vital signal transduction pathways central to many essential cellular activities. Since ROCK possess multiple substrates, modulation of ROCK activity is useful for treatment of many diseases. AREAS COVERED Significant progress has been made in the development of ROCK inhibitors over the past two years (Jan 2012 to Aug 2013). Patent search in this review was based on FPO IP Research and Communities and Espacenet Patent Search. In this review, patent applications will be classified into four groups for discussions. The grouping is mainly based on structures or scaffolds (groups 1 and 2) and biological functions of ROCK inhibitors (groups 3 and 4). These four groups are i) ROCK inhibitors based on classical structural elements for ROCK inhibition; ii) ROCK inhibitors based on new scaffolds; iii) bis-functional ROCK inhibitors; and iv) novel applications of ROCK inhibitors. EXPERT OPINION Although currently only one ROCK inhibitor (fasudil) is used as a drug, more drugs based on ROCK inhibition are expected to be advanced into market in the near future. Several directions should be considered for future development of ROCK inhibitors, such as soft ROCK inhibitors, bis-functional ROCK inhibitors, ROCK2 isoform-selective inhibitors, and ROCK inhibitors as antiproliferation agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangbo Feng
- Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute , Scripps Florida, #2A1, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458 , USA +1 561 228 2201 ;
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26
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Yin Y, Lin L, Ruiz C, Khan S, Cameron MD, Grant W, Pocas J, Eid N, Park H, Schröter T, Lograsso PV, Feng Y. Synthesis and biological evaluation of urea derivatives as highly potent and selective rho kinase inhibitors. J Med Chem 2013; 56:3568-81. [PMID: 23570561 DOI: 10.1021/jm400062r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RhoA and its downstream effector ROCK mediate stress fiber formation and cell contraction through their effects on the phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC). Inhibition of the RhoA/ROCK pathway has proven to be a promising strategy for several indications such as cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, and inflammatory disease. In 2010, our group reported urea-based ROCK inhibitors as potential antiglaucoma agents. These compounds showed potent IC50 values in enzymatic and cell-based assays and significant intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effects in rats (∼7 mmHg). (22) To develop more advanced ROCK inhibitors targeting various potential applications (such as myocardial infarction, erectile dysfunction, multiple sclerosis, etc.) in addition to glaucoma, a thorough SAR for this urea-based scaffold was studied. The detailed optimization process, counter-screening, and in vitro and in vivo DMPK studies are discussed. Potent and selective ROCK inhibitors with various in vivo pharmacokinetic properties were discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yin
- Medicinal Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way, #2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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27
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Goodarzi M, Heyden YV, Funar-Timofei S. Towards better understanding of feature-selection or reduction techniques for Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship models. Trends Analyt Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2012.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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28
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Lafleur K, Dong J, Huang D, Caflisch A, Nevado C. Optimization of Inhibitors of the Tyrosine Kinase EphB4. 2. Cellular Potency Improvement and Binding Mode Validation by X-ray Crystallography. J Med Chem 2012; 56:84-96. [DOI: 10.1021/jm301187e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karine Lafleur
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057
Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jing Dong
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057
Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Danzhi Huang
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057
Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Amedeo Caflisch
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057
Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057
Zurich, Switzerland
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29
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Raad M, El Tal T, Gul R, Mondello S, Zhang Z, Boustany RM, Guingab J, Wang KK, Kobeissy F. Neuroproteomics approach and neurosystems biology analysis: ROCK inhibitors as promising therapeutic targets in neurodegeneration and neurotrauma. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:3659-68. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 10/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Raad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics; Faculty of Medicine; American University of Beirut; Beirut; Lebanon
| | - Tala El Tal
- Faculty of Medicine; American University of Beirut; Beirut; Lebanon
| | - Rukhsana Gul
- Department of Internal Medicine; Harry S. Truman Veterans Affairs Medical Center; University of Missouri; Columbia; MO; USA
| | - Stefania Mondello
- Center of Innovative Research Banyan Biomarkers Inc.; Alachua; FL; USA
| | - Zhiqun Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Florida; Gainesville; FL; USA
| | | | - Joy Guingab
- Center of Innovative Research Banyan Biomarkers Inc.; Alachua; FL; USA
| | - Kevin K. Wang
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Florida; Gainesville; FL; USA
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30
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Li R, Martin MP, Liu Y, Wang B, Patel RA, Zhu JY, Sun N, Pireddu R, Lawrence NJ, Li J, Haura EB, Sung SS, Guida WC, Schonbrunn E, Sebti SM. Fragment-based and structure-guided discovery and optimization of Rho kinase inhibitors. J Med Chem 2012; 55:2474-8. [PMID: 22272748 DOI: 10.1021/jm201289r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Using high concentration biochemical assays and fragment-based screening assisted by structure-guided design, we discovered a novel class of Rho-kinase inhibitors. Compound 18 was equipotent for ROCK1 (IC(50) = 650 nM) and ROCK2 (IC(50) = 670 nM), whereas compound 24 was more selective for ROCK2 (IC(50) = 100 nM) over ROCK1 (IC(50) = 1690 nM). The crystal structure of the compound 18-ROCK1 complex revealed that 18 is a type 1 inhibitor that binds the hinge region in the ATP binding site. Compounds 18 and 24 inhibited potently the phosphorylation of the ROCK substrate MLC2 in intact human breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongshi Li
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
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31
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GdCl3 promoted synthesis of novel pyrimidine fused indazole derivatives and their anticancer activity. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9962-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Shahin R, AlQtaishat S, Taha MO. Elaborate ligand-based modeling reveal new submicromolar Rho kinase inhibitors. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2011; 26:249-66. [PMID: 22167443 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-011-9509-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Deng J, Feng E, Ma S, Zhang Y, Liu X, Li H, Huang H, Zhu J, Zhu W, Shen X, Miao L, Liu H, Jiang H, Li J. Design and Synthesis of Small Molecule RhoA Inhibitors: A New Promising Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases? J Med Chem 2011; 54:4508-22. [DOI: 10.1021/jm200161c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Deng
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Enguang Feng
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Sheng Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Research Lab, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shi Zhi Street, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Research Lab, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shi Zhi Street, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Honglin Li
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Huang Huang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xu Shen
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liyan Miao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Research Lab, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shi Zhi Street, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hualiang Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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Wang DH, Qu WL, Shi LQ, Wei J. Molecular docking and pharmacophore model studies of Rho kinase inhibitors. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2011.554548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ray P, Wright J, Adam J, Bennett J, Boucharens S, Black D, Cook A, Brown AR, Epemolu O, Fletcher D, Haunso A, Huggett M, Jones P, Laats S, Lyons A, Mestres J, de Man J, Morphy R, Rankovic Z, Sherborne B, Sherry L, van Straten N, Westwood P, Zaman GZ. Fragment-based discovery of 6-substituted isoquinolin-1-amine based ROCK-I inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:97-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Optimisation of 6-substituted isoquinolin-1-amine based ROCK-I inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 21:1084-8. [PMID: 21251828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.12.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Rho kinase is an important target implicated in a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Herein, we report the optimisation of the fragment derived ATP-competitive ROCK inhibitors 1 and 2 into lead compound 14A. The initial goal of improving ROCK-I potency relative to 1, whilst maintaining a good PK profile, was achieved through removal of the aminoisoquinoline basic centre. Lead 14A was equipotent against both ROCK-I and ROCK-II, showed good in vivo efficacy in the spontaneous hypertensive rat model, and was further optimised to demonstrate the scope for improving selectivity over PKA versus hydroxy Fasudil 3.
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High-content screening of feeder-free human embryonic stem cells to identify pro-survival small molecules. Biochem J 2010; 432:21-33. [PMID: 20854259 DOI: 10.1042/bj20101022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The propensity of human embryonic stem cells to die upon enzymatic disaggregation or low-density plating is an obstacle to their isolation and routine use in drug discovery and basic research. Equally, the very low rate of establishment of implanted cells hinders cell therapy. In the present study we have developed a high-content assay for human embryonic stem cell survival and used this to screen a range of libraries of 'lead-like' small molecules and known bioactives. From this we identified 18 confirmed hits with four structural classes being represented by multiple compounds: a series of 5-(acyl/alkyl-amino)indazoles, compounds with a 4-(acylamino)pyridine core, simple N⁶,N⁶-dialkyladenines and compounds with a 5-(acylamino)indolinone core. In vitro kinase profiling indicated that the ROCK (Rho-associated kinase)/PRK2 (protein kinase C-related kinase 2) protein kinases are of pivotal importance for cell survival and identified previously unreported compound classes that inhibited this important biological activity. An evaluation using an extensive panel of protein kinases showed that six of our hit compounds exhibited better selectivity for ROCK inhibition than the routinely used commercially available ROCK inhibitor Y-27632. In this screen we also identified the K(+)-ATP channel opener pinacidil and show that it probably promotes cell survival, by 'off-target' inhibition of ROCK/PRK2. We have therefore identified novel pro-survival compounds of greater specificity, equivalent potency and reduced toxicity relative to the routinely employed ROCK inhibitor Y-27632.
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Fang X, Yin Y, Chen YT, Yao L, Wang B, Cameron MD, Lin L, Khan S, Ruiz C, Schröter T, Grant W, Weiser A, Pocas J, Pachori A, Schürer S, LoGrasso P, Feng Y. Tetrahydroisoquinoline Derivatives As Highly Selective and Potent Rho Kinase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2010; 53:5727-37. [DOI: 10.1021/jm100579r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingang Fang
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Yan Yin
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Yen Ting Chen
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Lei Yao
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Bo Wang
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Michael D. Cameron
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Li Lin
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Susan Khan
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Claudia Ruiz
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Thomas Schröter
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Wayne Grant
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | | | - Jennifer Pocas
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Alok Pachori
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Stephan Schürer
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Computational Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Philip LoGrasso
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Yangbo Feng
- Translational Research Institute and Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 130 Scripps Way, 2A1, Jupiter, Florida 33458
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Molecular modeling studies of Rho kinase inhibitors using molecular docking and 3D-QSAR analysis. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:2768-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2009] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Wu F, Büttner FH, Chen R, Hickey E, Jakes S, Kaplita P, Kashem MA, Kerr S, Kugler S, Paw Z, Prokopowicz A, Shih CK, Snow R, Young E, Cywin CL. Substituted 2H-isoquinolin-1-one as potent Rho-Kinase inhibitors. Part 1: Hit-to-lead account. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:3235-9. [PMID: 20462760 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Revised: 04/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two closely related scaffolds were identified through an uHTS campaign as desirable starting points for the development of Rho-Kinase (ROCK) inhibitors. Here, we describe our hit-to-lead evaluation process which culminated in the rapid discovery of potent leads such as 22 which successfully demonstrated an early in vivo proof of concept for anti-hypertensive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA.
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Morwick T, Büttner FH, Cywin CL, Dahmann G, Hickey E, Jakes S, Kaplita P, Kashem MA, Kerr S, Kugler S, Mao W, Marshall D, Paw Z, Shih CK, Wu F, Young E. Hit to lead account of the discovery of bisbenzamide and related ureidobenzamide inhibitors of Rho kinase. J Med Chem 2010; 53:759-77. [PMID: 20000469 DOI: 10.1021/jm9014263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A highly selective series of bisbenzamide inhibitors of Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase (ROCK) and a related ureidobenzamide series, both identified by high throughput screening (HTS), are described. Details of the hit validation and lead generation process, including structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, a selectivity assessment, target-independent profiling (TIP) results, and an analysis of functional activity using a rat aortic ring assay are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Morwick
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06801-0368, USA.
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Benzothiazoles as Rho-associated kinase (ROCK-II) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:6686-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.09.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2009] [Revised: 09/28/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Schirok H, Kast R, Figueroa-Pérez S, Bennabi S, Gnoth M, Feurer A, Heckroth H, Thutewohl M, Paulsen H, Knorr A, Hütter J, Lobell M, Münter K, Geiß V, Ehmke H, Lang D, Radtke M, Mittendorf J, Stasch JP. Design and Synthesis of Potent and Selective Azaindole-Based Rho Kinase (ROCK) Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2008; 3:1893-904. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200800211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Darmellah A, Rücker-Martin C, Feuvray D. ERM proteins mediate the effects of Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE1) activation in cardiac myocytes. Cardiovasc Res 2008; 81:294-300. [PMID: 19028724 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvn320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Ezrin, radixin, and moesin (ERM) proteins have been implicated in regulating signalling molecules. The aim of the present study was to investigate the activity and subcellular distribution of ERM proteins in cardiac myocytes from both Wistar and diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, and the role of these proteins in mediating the downstream effects of the cardiac sarcolemmal Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE1) activation in response to cell acidification. METHODS AND RESULTS Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that activated ERM proteins were localized predominantly at the intercalated disc regions in left ventricular (LV) myocytes of both Wistar and GK rats under basal conditions. After acid loading, profound changes in activated ERM distribution were observed in both groups of myocytes, with immunolabelling detected in regions corresponding to the transverse tubules. This correlated with a marked increase in phospho-ERM levels in both groups, which was higher in GK myocytes and blocked by NHE1 inhibitor treatment. Levels of phospho-Akt paralleled those of phospho-ERM under the various experimental conditions used; in particular, the marked acid-induced increase in both phospho-ERM and phospho-Akt in GK myocytes was abolished by an NHE1 inhibitor treatment. Moreover, the pattern of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) phosphorylation in these myocytes was strikingly similar to that observed for Akt activity under the conditions used. CONCLUSION Activated ERM proteins mediate the effects of acid-induced NHE1 activation in LV myocytes. Akt is a downstream effector in the cascade activated by NHE1-ERM interaction. In addition, GSK-3beta phosphorylation is required for downstream effects of NHE1/ERM-Akt signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaria Darmellah
- University of Paris-Sud 11 and CNRS UMR 8162, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, 133 avenue de la Résistance, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France
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Feng Y, Yin Y, Weiser A, Griffin E, Cameron MD, Lin L, Ruiz C, Schürer SC, Inoue T, Rao PV, Schröter T, Lograsso P. Discovery of substituted 4-(pyrazol-4-yl)-phenylbenzodioxane-2-carboxamides as potent and highly selective Rho kinase (ROCK-II) inhibitors. J Med Chem 2008; 51:6642-5. [PMID: 18834107 DOI: 10.1021/jm800986w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The identification of a new class of potent and selective ROCK-II inhibitors is presented. Compound 5 (SR-3677) had an IC 50 of approximately 3 nM in enzyme and cell based assays and had an off-target hit rate of 1.4% against 353 kinases, and inhibited only 3 out of 70 nonkinase enzymes and receptors. Pharmacology studies showed that 5 was efficacious in both, increasing ex vivo aqueous humor outflow in porcine eyes and inhibiting myosin light chain phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangbo Feng
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, and Translational Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Florida, 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA
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D’hooghe M, Baele J, Contreras J, Boelens M, Kimpe ND. Reduction of 5-(bromomethyl)-1-pyrrolinium bromides to 2-(bromomethyl)pyrrolidines and their transformation into piperidin-3-ones through an unprecedented ring expansion-oxidation protocol. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Räägel H, Lust M, Uri A, Pooga M. Adenosine-oligoarginine conjugate, a novel bisubstrate inhibitor, effectively dissociates the actin cytoskeleton. FEBS J 2008; 275:3608-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06506.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rattan S, Patel CA. Selectivity of ROCK inhibitors in the spontaneously tonic smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008; 294:G687-93. [PMID: 18187514 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00501.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The selectivity of different Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitors in the spontaneously tonic smooth muscle has not been investigated. We examined this issue using Y-27632 [(R)-(+)-trans-N-(4-pyridyl)-4-(1-aminoethyl)-cyclohexanecarbox anecarboxamide, 2HCl], H-1152 [(S)-(+)-(2-methyl-5-isoquinolinyl) sulfonylhomopiperazine, 2HCl], HA-1077 [(5 isoquinolinesulfonyl) homopiperazine, 2HCl], and ROCK inhibitor II [N-(4-pyridyl)-N'-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)urea]. We compared these inhibitors in the spontaneously tonic smooth muscle of the internal anal sphincter (IAS). ROCK, protein kinase C (PKC), and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) activities were determined in the IAS, before and after different ROCK inhibitors. Y-27632 and H-1152 were approximately 30-fold more potent in the IAS (IC(50): 4.4 x 10(-7) and 7.9 x 10(-8) M, respectively) vs. the phasic rectal smooth muscle (RSM) (IC(50): 1.3 x 10(-5) and 2.5 x 10(-6) M, respectively). HA-1077 and ROCK inhibitor II were equipotent in the IAS vs. RSM. In the IAS, H-1152 was the most potent whereas ROCK inhibitor II is the least. Y-27632 and H-1152 caused concentration-dependent decrease in the IAS tone that correlates directly with the decreases in ROCK activity, without significant effect in the PKC and MLCK activities. This specifically selective correlation between ROCK activity and decrease in the IAS tone was absent in the case of HA-1077 and ROCK inhibitor II, which also inhibited PKC and MLCK. We conclude that the IAS tone is critically dependent on ROCK activity, and H-1152 and Y-27632 are the most selective and potent ROCK inhibitors in the IAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Rattan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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Mueed I, Tazzeo T, Liu C, Pertens E, Zhang Y, Cybulski I, Semelhago L, Noora J, Lamy A, Teoh K, Chu V, Janssen LJ. Isoprostanes constrict human radial artery by stimulation of thromboxane receptors, Ca2+ release, and RhoA activation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008; 135:131-8. [PMID: 18179929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2007.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2007] [Revised: 04/27/2007] [Accepted: 06/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Radial artery vasospasm remains a potential cause of early graft failure after coronary bypass graft surgery, despite pretreatment with alpha-adrenergic or calcium channel blockers. We examined the roles of isoprostanes and prostanoid receptors selective for thromboxane A2 in the vasoconstriction of human radial arteries. METHODS Human radial arterial segments were pretreated intraoperatively with verapamil/papaverine or nitroglycerine/phenoxybenzamine, or not treated. In the laboratory, we measured isometric contractions in ring segments, vasoconstriction in pressurized segments, and changes in [Ca2+] and K+ currents in single cells. RESULTS Although phenoxybenzamine eliminated adrenergic responses, the isoprostane 15-F(2t)-IsoP and 2 closely related E-ring molecules (15-E(1t)-IsoP and 15-E(2t)-IsoP) still evoked powerful contractions; 15-E(2t)-IsoP was approximately 10-fold more potent than the other 2 agents. Responses were mediated through thromboxane receptors because they were sensitive to ICI-192605. Furthermore, they were sensitive to the Rho-kinase inhibitors Y-27632 or H-1152 (both 10(-5) mol/L) or to cyclopiazonic acid (which depletes the internal Ca2+ pool), but not to nifedipine. In single cells, 15-E(2t)-IsoP elevated [Ca2+]i and suppressed K+ current. CONCLUSIONS Isoprostanes accumulate after coronary artery bypass graft surgery, yet none of the currently available antispasm treatments for radial artery grafts is effective against isoprostane-induced vasoconstriction. It is imperative that more specific treatment strategies be developed. We found that isoprostane responses in radial arteries are mediated by prostanoid receptors selective for thromboxane A2 with activation of Rho-kinase and release of Ca2+. Pretreatment of radial artery grafts with Rho-associated kinase inhibitors may potentially reduce postoperative graft spasm. Clinical studies to test this are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Mueed
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Christ GJ, Andersson KE. Rho-kinase and effects of Rho-kinase inhibition on the lower urinary tract. Neurourol Urodyn 2008; 26:948-54. [PMID: 17696159 DOI: 10.1002/nau.20475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Altered smooth muscle cell contractility/tone contributes, at least in part, to the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) seen in men with benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). Accordingly, many of the therapies to date have focused largely on blockade of individual membrane receptors to diminish smooth muscle contractility and provide symptomatic relief. This pharmacologic approach has been associated with variable results, limited efficacy, and untoward side effects. Such limited clinical success is not surprising given the plethora of neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and hormones that are now known to modulate LUT smooth muscle cell tone. In the pursuit of improved treatment options, more recent investigations have focused attention on intracellular signal transduction events that represent convergence points for membrane receptor activation. In particular, calcium sensitization and the role of the Rho-kinase pathway has received much attention. In this report, we review the literature on the role of the Rho-kinase pathway in the modulation of LUT smooth muscle cell tone. In short, the available data support an important role for Rho-kinase in the physiologic and pathophysiologic regulation of LUT smooth muscle cell tone. Rho-kinase inhibitors thus appear to represent a potentially attractive therapeutic possibility for the treatment of LUTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- George J Christ
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
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