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Alrooqi M, Khan S, Alhumaydhi FA, Asiri SA, Alshamrani M, Mashraqi MM, Alzamami A, Alshahrani AM, Aldahish AA. A Therapeutic Journey of Pyridine-Based Heterocyclic Compounds as Potent Anticancer Agents: A Review (From 2017 to 2021). Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2775-2787. [PMID: 35331100 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220324102849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pyridine derivatives are the most common and significant heterocyclic compounds, which show their fundamental characteristics to various pharmaceutical agents and natural products. Pyridine derivatives possess several pharmacological properties and a broad degree of structural diversity that is considered most valuable to explore the novel therapeutic agents. These compounds have an extensive range of biological activities such as antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, antitubercular, antihypertensive, antineuropathic, antihistaminic, antiviral activities, and antiparasitic. The potent therapeutic properties of pyridine derivatives allow medicinal chemists to synthesize novel and effective chemotherapeutic agents. Consequently, the imperative objective of this comprehensive review is to summarize and investigate the literature regarding recent advancements in pyridine-based heterocycles to treat several kinds of cancer. Furthermore, the performances of pyridine derivatives were compared with some standard drugs including etoposide, sorafenib, cisplatin, and triclosan against different cancer cell lines. We hope this study will support the new thoughts to pursue the most active and less toxic rational designs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sikandar Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed A Asiri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Aciences, Najran University
| | - Meshal Alshamrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mutaib M Mashraqi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Alzamami
- College of Applied Medical science Clinical Laboratory science department Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma M Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf A Aldahish
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Macalik L, Wandas M, Sąsiadek W, Lorenc J, Lisiecki R, Hanuza J. Molecular structure and spectroscopic properties of new neodymium complex with 3-bromo-2-chloro-6-picolinic N-oxide showing the ligand-to-metal energy transfer. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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3
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Ricco C, Abdmouleh F, Riccobono C, Guenineche L, Martin F, Goya-Jorge E, Lagarde N, Liagre B, Ali MB, Ferroud C, Arbi ME, Veitía MSI. Pegylated triarylmethanes: Synthesis, antimicrobial activity, anti-proliferative behavior and in silico studies. Bioorg Chem 2020; 96:103591. [PMID: 32004896 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We describe herein the synthesis, characterization and biological studies of novel PEGylated triarylmethanes. Non-symmetrical and symmetrical triarylmethanes series have been synthesized by Friedel-Crafts hydroxyalkylation or directly from bisacodyl respectively followed by a functionalization with PEG fragments in order to increase bioavailability and biological effectiveness. The antimicrobial activity was investigated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative foodborne pathogens and against Candida albicans, an opportunistic pathogenic yeast. The anti-biocidal activity was also studied using Staphylococcus aureus as a reference bacterium. Almost all PEGylated molecules displayed an antifungal activity comparable with fusidic acid with MIC values ranging from 6.25 to 50 μg/mL. Compounds also revealed a promising antibiofilm activity with biofilm eradication percentages values above 80% for the best molecules (compounds 4d and 7). Compounds 7 and 8b showed a modest antiproliferative activity against human colorectal cancer cell lines HT-29. Finally, in silico molecular docking studies revealed DHFR and DNA gyrase B as potential anti-bacterial targets and in silico predictions of ADME suggested adequate drug-likeness profiles for the synthetized triarylmethanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Ricco
- Equipe de Chimie Moléculaire du Laboratoire Génomique, Bioinformatique et Chimie Moléculaire (EA 7528), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (Cnam), 2 Rue Conté, HESAM Université, 75003 Paris, France
| | - Fatma Abdmouleh
- Equipe de Chimie Moléculaire du Laboratoire Génomique, Bioinformatique et Chimie Moléculaire (EA 7528), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (Cnam), 2 Rue Conté, HESAM Université, 75003 Paris, France; Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Microbienne et d'Ingénierie des Enzymes (LBMIE). Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route de Sidi Mansour Km 6, BP 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Charlotte Riccobono
- Equipe de Chimie Moléculaire du Laboratoire Génomique, Bioinformatique et Chimie Moléculaire (EA 7528), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (Cnam), 2 Rue Conté, HESAM Université, 75003 Paris, France
| | - Léna Guenineche
- Equipe de Chimie Moléculaire du Laboratoire Génomique, Bioinformatique et Chimie Moléculaire (EA 7528), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (Cnam), 2 Rue Conté, HESAM Université, 75003 Paris, France
| | - Frédérique Martin
- Laboratoire PEIRENE, EA 7500, Département de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire. Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Limoges, 2, Rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges, CEDEX, France
| | - Elizabeth Goya-Jorge
- ProtoQSAR SL. CEEI (Centro Europeo de Empresas Innovadoras), Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, Av. Benjamin Franklin 12, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nathalie Lagarde
- Equipe de Chimie Moléculaire du Laboratoire Génomique, Bioinformatique et Chimie Moléculaire (EA 7528), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (Cnam), 2 Rue Conté, HESAM Université, 75003 Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Liagre
- Laboratoire PEIRENE, EA 7500, Département de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire. Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Limoges, 2, Rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges, CEDEX, France
| | - Mamdouh Ben Ali
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Microbienne et d'Ingénierie des Enzymes (LBMIE). Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route de Sidi Mansour Km 6, BP 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Clotilde Ferroud
- Equipe de Chimie Moléculaire du Laboratoire Génomique, Bioinformatique et Chimie Moléculaire (EA 7528), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (Cnam), 2 Rue Conté, HESAM Université, 75003 Paris, France
| | - Mehdi El Arbi
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Microbienne et d'Ingénierie des Enzymes (LBMIE). Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route de Sidi Mansour Km 6, BP 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Maité Sylla-Iyarreta Veitía
- Equipe de Chimie Moléculaire du Laboratoire Génomique, Bioinformatique et Chimie Moléculaire (EA 7528), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (Cnam), 2 Rue Conté, HESAM Université, 75003 Paris, France.
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4
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Wu DZ, Zhi YG. An efficient method for the construction of 2-Aminothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridines via K3[Fe(CN)6] oxidized SP2 CH Functionalization. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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Görmen M, Veitía MSI, Trigui F, El Arbi M, Ferroud C. Ferrocenyl analogues of bisacodyl: Synthesis and antimicrobial activity. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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6
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Koutentis PA, Koyioni M, Michaelidou SS. The conversion of [(4-chloro-5H-1,2,3-dithiazol-5-ylidene)amino]azines into azine fused thiazole-2-carbonitriles. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 11:621-9. [PMID: 23212708 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26993g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The thermolysis of several N-(4-chloro-5H-1,2,3-dithiazol-5-ylidene)pyridin-n-amines (where n = 2, 3 and 4) gives a mixture of thiazolopyridine-2-carbonitriles in low to moderate yields. Introduction, by design, of a chlorine substituent at the C2 or C4 position of N-(4-chloro-5H-1,2,3-dithiazol-5-ylidene)pyridin-3-amine and other selected azines enables a BnEt(3)NI mediated ANRORC style ring transformation that provides fourteen heteroazine fused thiazole-2-carbonitriles in moderate to near quantitative yields. The synthesis described herein therefore provides a facile high yielding two-step route to heteroazine fused thiazole-2-carbonitriles starting from 4,5-dichloro-1,2,3-dithiazolium chloride (Appel salt) and ortho- or para-chloro substituted meta-aminoazines.
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Hnatejko Z, Manszewski T, Barczyński P, Kubicki M, Szyczewski A, Lis S. Synthesis, complexation studies and structural characterization of d and f metal ion complexes with 4-chloroquinaldinic acid N-oxide. J Mol Struct 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Mochizuki A, Nagata T, Kanno H, Takano D, Kishida M, Suzuki M, Ohta T. Orally active zwitterionic factor Xa inhibitors with long duration of action. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:7337-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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9
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Zhang F, Duan XF. Facile One-Pot Direct Arylation and Alkylation of Nitropyridine N-Oxides with Grignard Reagents. Org Lett 2011; 13:6102-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol202597b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xin-Fang Duan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Mochizuki A, Nagata T, Kanno H, Suzuki M, Ohta T. 2-Aminomethylphenylamine as a novel scaffold for factor Xa inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:1623-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Gualo-Soberanes N, Ortega-Alfaro M, López-Cortés J, Toscano R, Rudler H, Álvarez-Toledano C. An expedient approach to tetrahydrofuro[3,2-b]pyridine-2(3H)-ones via activation of pyridine N-oxide by triflic anhydride. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Suehiro T, Niwa T, Yorimitsu H, Oshima K. Palladium-Catalyzed (N-Oxido-2-pyridinyl)methyl Transfer from 2-(2-Hydroxyalkyl)pyridineN-Oxide to Aryl Halides by β-Carbon Elimination. Chem Asian J 2009; 4:1217-20. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.200900151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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Synthesis of 5-arylthiazoles. Comparative study between Suzuki cross-coupling reaction and direct arylation. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Nagata T, Yoshino T, Haginoya N, Yoshikawa K, Nagamochi M, Kobayashi S, Komoriya S, Yokomizo A, Muto R, Yamaguchi M, Osanai K, Suzuki M, Kanno H. Discovery of N-[(1R,2S,5S)-2-{[(5-chloroindol-2-yl)carbonyl]amino}-5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)cyclohexyl]-5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide hydrochloride: A novel, potent and orally active direct inhibitor of factor Xa. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:1193-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2008] [Revised: 12/10/2008] [Accepted: 12/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Duan XF, Ma ZQ, Zhang F, Zhang ZB. Magnesiation of Pyridine N-Oxides via Iodine or Bromine−Magnesium Exchange: A Useful Tool for Functionalizing Pyridine N-Oxides. J Org Chem 2008; 74:939-42. [DOI: 10.1021/jo802172f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Fang Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zi-Qian Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zhan-Bin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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16
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Furugohri T, Isobe K, Honda Y, Kamisato-Matsumoto C, Sugiyama N, Nagahara T, Morishima Y, Shibano T. DU-176b, a potent and orally active factor Xa inhibitor: in vitro and in vivo pharmacological profiles. J Thromb Haemost 2008; 6:1542-9. [PMID: 18624979 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.03064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Factor Xa (FXa), a key serine protease that converts prothrombin to thrombin in the coagulation cascade, is a promising target enzyme for the prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic diseases. DU-176b is a novel antithrombotic agent that directly inhibits FXa activity. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the in vitro pharmacological profiles and in vivo effects of DU-176b in animal models of thrombosis and bleeding. METHODS In vitro, FXa inhibition, specificity and anticoagulant activities were examined. Oral absorption was studied in rats and cynomolgus monkeys. In vivo effects were studied in rat and rabbit models of venous thrombosis and tail bleeding. RESULTS DU-176b inhibited FXa with Ki values of 0.561 nm for free FXa, 2.98 nm for prothrombinase, and exhibited >10 000-fold selectivity for FXa. In human plasma, DU-176b doubled prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time at concentrations of 0.256 and 0.508 microm, respectively. DU-176b did not impair platelet aggregation by ADP, collagen or U46619. DU-176b was highly absorbed in rats and monkeys, as demonstrated by more potent anti-Xa activity and higher drug concentration in plasma following oral administration than a prototype FXa inhibitor, DX-9065a. In vivo, DU-176b dose-dependently inhibited thrombus formation in rat and rabbit thrombosis models, although bleeding time in rats was not significantly prolonged at an antithrombotic dose. CONCLUSIONS DU-176b is a more potent and selective FXa inhibitor with high oral bioavailability compared with its prototype, DX-9065a. DU-176b represents a promising new anticoagulant for the prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Furugohri
- Biological Research Laboratories I, R&D Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Shinagawa-ku, Toyo, Japan
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17
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Mochizuki A, Nakamoto Y, Naito H, Uoto K, Ohta T. Design, synthesis, and biological activity of piperidine diamine derivatives as factor Xa inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:782-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2007] [Revised: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 11/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Shi Y, Sitkoff D, Zhang J, Han W, Hu Z, Stein PD, Wang Y, Kennedy LJ, O'Connor SP, Ahmad S, Liu ECK, Seiler SM, Lam PYS, Robl JA, Macor JE, Atwal KS, Zahler R. Amino(methyl) pyrrolidines as novel scaffolds for factor Xa inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:5952-8. [PMID: 17855089 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2007] [Revised: 07/19/2007] [Accepted: 07/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of a novel class of amino(methyl) pyrrolidine-based sulfonamides as potent and selective FXa inhibitors is reported. The amino(methyl) pyrrolidine scaffolds were designed based on the proposed bioisosterism to the piperazine core in known FXa inhibitors. The SAR study led to compound 15 as the most potent FXa inhibitor in this series, with an IC(50) of 5.5 nM and PT EC(2x) of 1.7 microM. The proposed binding models show that the pyrrolidine cores are in van der Waals contact with the enzyme surface, and the flexibility of amino(methyl) pyrrolidines allows the two nitrogen atoms to anchor both the P1 and P4 groups to fit similarly in the S1 and S4 pockets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, PO Box 5400, Princeton, NJ 08543-5400, USA.
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Ali HI, Tomita K, Akaho E, Kunishima M, Kawashima Y, Yamagishi T, Ikeya H, Nagamatsu T. Antitumor studies -- part 2: structure-activity relationship study for flavin analogs including investigations on their in vitro antitumor assay and docking simulation into protein tyrosine kinase. Eur J Med Chem 2007; 43:1376-89. [PMID: 18055068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2007] [Revised: 09/25/2007] [Accepted: 10/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Various analogs of flavins, 5-deazaflavins, and flavin-5-oxides were docked into the binding site of protein tyrosine kinase pp60(c-src), and some of them were assayed for their potential antitumor and PKC (protein kinase C) inhibitory activities in vitro. The results considering SAR (structure-activity relationship) revealed that the higher binding affinities obtained include compounds with the structure modifications on the flavin or 5-deazaflavin skeleton, namely, NH(2) or Ph (phenyl-) group at the C-2 position and so on. Computationally designed compounds 4a, 6a, b, 7, 11b, c, 12, 15, and 22c exhibited good docking results suggesting that they are potentially active antitumor agents. These compounds have 1-3 phenyl moieties, which are thought to be responsible for the planar aromatic fitting or electrostatic attraction onto the groove of the binding pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed I Ali
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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20
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Lin HH, Han LY, Yap CW, Xue Y, Liu XH, Zhu F, Chen YZ. Prediction of factor Xa inhibitors by machine learning methods. J Mol Graph Model 2007; 26:505-18. [PMID: 17418603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2007.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2006] [Revised: 02/04/2007] [Accepted: 03/07/2007] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Factor Xa (FXa) inhibitors have been explored as anticoagulants for treatment and prevention of thrombotic diseases. Molecular docking, pharmacophore, quantitative structure-activity relationships, and support vector machines (SVM) have been used for computer prediction of FXa inhibitors. These methods achieve promising prediction accuracies of 69-80% for FXa inhibitors and 85-99% for non-inhibitors. Prediction performance, particularly for inhibitors, may be further improved by exploring methods applicable to more diverse range of compounds and by using more appropriate set of molecular descriptors. We tested the capability of several machine learning methods (C4.5 decision tree, k-nearest neighbor, probabilistic neural network, and support vector machine) by using a much more diverse set of 1098 compounds (360 inhibitors and 738 non-inhibitors) than those in other studies. A feature selection method was used for selecting molecular descriptors appropriate for distinguishing FXa inhibitors and non-inhibitors. The prediction accuracies of these methods are 89.1-97.5% for FXa inhibitors and 92.3-98.1% for non-inhibitors. In particular, compared to other studies, support vector machine gives a substantially improved accuracy of 94.6% for FXa non-inhibitors and maintains a comparable accuracy of 98.1% for inhibitors, based-on a more rigorous test with more diverse range of compounds. Our study suggests that machine learning methods such as SVM are useful for facilitating the prediction of FXa inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Lin
- Bioinformatics and Drug Design Group, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Blk SOC1, Level 7, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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Ye B, Arnaiz DO, Chou YL, Griedel BD, Karanjawala R, Lee W, Morrissey MM, Sacchi KL, Sakata ST, Shaw KJ, Wu SC, Zhao Z, Adler M, Cheeseman S, Dole WP, Ewing J, Fitch R, Lentz D, Liang A, Light D, Morser J, Post J, Rumennik G, Subramanyam B, Sullivan ME, Vergona R, Walters J, Wang YX, White KA, Whitlow M, Kochanny MJ. Thiophene-anthranilamides as highly potent and orally available factor Xa inhibitors. J Med Chem 2007; 50:2967-80. [PMID: 17536795 DOI: 10.1021/jm070125f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There remains a high unmet medical need for a safe oral therapy for thrombotic disorders. The serine protease factor Xa (fXa), with its central role in the coagulation cascade, is among the more promising targets for anticoagulant therapy and has been the subject of intensive drug discovery efforts. Investigation of a hit from high-throughput screening identified a series of thiophene-substituted anthranilamides as potent nonamidine fXa inhibitors. Lead optimization by incorporation of hydrophilic groups led to the discovery of compounds with picomolar inhibitory potency and micromolar in vitro anticoagulant activity. Based on their high potency, selectivity, oral pharmacokinetics, and efficacy in a rat venous stasis model of thrombosis, compounds ZK 814048 (10b), ZK 810388 (13a), and ZK 813039 (17m) were advanced into development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ye
- Berlex Biosciences, Post Office Box 4099, Richmond, California 94804-0099, USA.
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Laihia K, Puszko A, Kolehmainen E, Lorenc J. 1H, 13C and 15N NMR study of 2-alkylnitrosoamino-4-nitropyridines and N-oxides: An example on restricted inversion of sp3 nitrogen. J Mol Struct 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2006.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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N. Maiti S, Kasani A, Subedi R, Stier M, D. Holsworth D. Cardiovascular Agents: Renin Inhibitors and Factor Xa Inhibitors. HETEROCYCLES 2007. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-07-sr(u)1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Komoriya S, Kobayashi S, Osanai K, Yoshino T, Nagata T, Haginoya N, Nakamoto Y, Mochizuki A, Nagahara T, Suzuki M, Shimada T, Watanabe K, Isobe Y, Furugoori T. Design, synthesis, and biological activity of novel factor Xa inhibitors: Improving metabolic stability by S1 and S4 ligand modification. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:1309-30. [PMID: 16263291 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2005] [Revised: 09/22/2005] [Accepted: 09/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Serine protease factor xa (fXa) inhibitor 1 showed good ex vivo anti-fXa activity upon oral administration in rats. However, it has been revealed that 1 had low metabolic stability against human liver microsomes. To improve the metabolic stability, we attempted to modify the S1 and S4 ligands of 1. These modifications resulted in compound 34b, which exhibited selective anti-fXa activity and excellent anti-coagulation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Komoriya
- Tokyo R&D Center, Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Edogawa-ku, Japan.
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Casimiro-Garcia A, Dudley DA, Heemstra RJ, Filipski KJ, Bigge CF, Edmunds JJ. Progress in the discovery of Factor Xa inhibitors. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2006. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.16.2.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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