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Mustafa NH, Jalil J, Leong KE, Jamal JA, Husain K. Phytochemical profile and diverse pharmacology of Garcinia celebica L. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30629. [PMID: 38742069 PMCID: PMC11089377 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Garcinia celebica L. syn. Garcinia hombroniana Pierre belongs to the family Clusiaceae, is indigenous to Southeast Asian countries. This review aims to provide updated, comprehensive and categorized information on the phytoconstituents and pharmacological effects of this species. The data collection mainly involved searches through databases named Scopus, Google Scholar, Pubmed and Springer Link. Approximately 100 phytochemicals were recorded in this review, with various classes of compounds such as triterpenoids, flavonoids, benzophenones, xanthones, depsidones and sterols identified. The most abundant compounds isolated belong to two chemical classes: triterpenoids and xanthones. Their extracts and pure compounds have been reported for their antibacterial, antiparasitic, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antituberculosis, antiplatelet aggregation, anti-neuraminidase and cholinesterase inhibitory activities. This review will provide a comprehensive understanding between the phytochemical components and its medicinal uses that may serve as a valuable resource for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Hidayah Mustafa
- Centre for Drug and Herbal Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Juriyati Jalil
- Centre for Drug and Herbal Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kai En Leong
- Centre for Drug and Herbal Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jamia Azdina Jamal
- Centre for Drug and Herbal Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khairana Husain
- Centre for Drug and Herbal Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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2
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Cruz-Gregorio A, Aranda-Rivera AK, Aparicio-Trejo OE, Medina-Campos ON, Sciutto E, Fragoso G, Pedraza-Chaverri J. α-Mangostin induces oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis in a triple-negative breast cancer model. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3394-3407. [PMID: 37012651 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) does not express estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor; therefore, TNBC lacks targeted therapy, and chemotherapy is the only available treatment for this illness but causes side effects. A putative strategy for the treatment of TNBC could be the use of the polyphenols such as α-Mangostin (α-M), which has shown anticancerogenic effects in different cancer models and can modulate the inflammatory and prooxidant state in several pathological models. The redox state, oxidative stress (OS), and oxidative damage are highly related to cancer development and its treatment. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of α-M on redox state, mitochondrial metabolism, and apoptosis in 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells. We found that α-M decreases both protein levels and enzymatic activity of catalase, and increases reactive oxygen species, oxidized proteins and glutathione disulfide, which demonstrates that α-M induces oxidative damage. We also found that α-M promotes mitochondrial dysfunction by abating basal respiration, the respiration ligated to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and the rate control of whole 4T1 cells. Additionally, α-M also decreases the levels of OXPHOS subunits of mitochondrial complexes I, II, III, and adenosine triphosphate synthase, the activity of mitochondrial complex I as well as the levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator 1α, showing a mitochondrial mass reduction. Then, oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by α-M induce apoptosis of 4T1 cells, which is evidenced by B cell lymphoma 2 decrease and caspase 3 cleavage. Taken together, our results suggest that α-M induces OS and mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in 4T1 cell death through apoptotic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", CDMX, Mexico
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | | | - Omar Noel Medina-Campos
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Edda Sciutto
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Gladis Fragoso
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
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3
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Tran TTT, Le PM, Nguyen TKA, Hoang TMN, Do TQA, Martel AL, Lewicky JD, Klem A, Le HT. Novel human STING activation by hydrated-prenylated xanthones from Garcinia cowa. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023:7194606. [PMID: 37307431 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigate the anticancer activity and human stimulator of interferon genes pathway activation by a new hydrated-prenylated tetraoxygenated xanthone, garcicowanone I (1) and two known xanthones (2 and 3) that were isolated from the root bark of Garcinia cowa Roxb. ex Choisy. METHODS The anticancer activity of each compound was evaluated by sulforhodamine B assay in immortalized cancer cell lines. Stimulator of interferon genes pathway activation was assessed by western blot analysis using human THP-1-derived macrophages. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines from these macrophages was also evaluated via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. KEY FINDINGS Both compounds 1 and 3 displayed moderate inhibitory effects on the cancer cells, including a cisplatin-resistant cell line, with IC50 values in the range of 10-20 µM. All three xanthones activated the stimulator of interferon genes, as evidenced by phosphorylation of tank-binding kinase 1, the stimulator of interferon genes protein and interferon regulatory factor 3. Furthermore, treatment of these macrophages with compounds 1-3 led to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 6, tumour necrosis factor α and interleukin 1β. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the isolated xanthones, including the novel garcicowanone I, displayed promising anticancer and immunomodulatory activity that warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thu Thuy Tran
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Mai Le
- Metrology, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Thi Minh Nguyet Hoang
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Quynh An Do
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University Hanoi, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Alexandra Klem
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Hoang-Thanh Le
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON, Canada
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
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4
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Alam M, Rashid S, Fatima K, Adnan M, Shafie A, Akhtar MS, Ganie AH, Eldin SM, Islam A, Khan I, Hassan MI. Biochemical features and therapeutic potential of α-Mangostin: Mechanism of action, medicinal values, and health benefits. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114710. [PMID: 37141737 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Mangostin (α-MG) is a natural xanthone obtained from the pericarps of mangosteen. It exhibits excellent potential, including anti-cancer, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, and induces apoptosis. α-MG controls cell proliferation by modulating signaling molecules, thus implicated in cancer therapy. It possesses incredible pharmacological features and modulates crucial cellular and molecular factors. Due to its lesser water solubility and pitiable target selectivity, α-MG has limited clinical application. As a known antioxidant, α-MG has gained significant attention from the scientific community, increasing interest in extensive technical and biomedical applications. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems were designed to improve the pharmacological features and efficiency of α-MG. This review is focused on recent developments on the therapeutic potential of α-MG in managing cancer and neurological diseases, with a special focus on its mechanism of action. In addition, we highlighted biochemical and pharmacological features, metabolism, functions, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects and pre-clinical applications of α-MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzar Alam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, PO Box 173, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kisa Fatima
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, PO Box 2440, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Salman Akhtar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - A H Ganie
- Basic Sciences Department, College of Science and Theoretical Studies, Saudi Electronic University, Abha Male 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed M Eldin
- Center of Research, Faculty of Engineering, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ilyas Khan
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India.
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Recent Update on Active Biological Molecules in Generating the Anticancerous Therapeutic Potential of Garcinia mangostana. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:4724-4744. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04031-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Jo MK, Moon CM, Kim EJ, Kwon JH, Fei X, Kim SE, Jung SA, Kim M, Mun YC, Ahn YH, Seo SY, Kim TI. Suppressive effect of α-mangostin for cancer stem cells in colorectal cancer via the Notch pathway. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:341. [PMID: 35351071 PMCID: PMC8962146 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09414-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Since colon cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in chemoresistance and in tumor recurrence and metastasis, targeting of CSCs has emerged as a sophisticated strategy for cancer therapy. α-mangostin (αM) has been confirmed to have antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on cancer cells. This study aimed to evaluate the selective inhibition of αM on CSCs in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the suppressive effect on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced CSCs.
Methods
The cell viability assay was performed to determine the optimal concentration of αM. A sphere forming assay and flow cytometry with CSC markers were carried out to evaluate the αM-mediated inhibition of CSCs. Western blot analysis and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to investigate the effects of αM on the Notch signaling pathway and colon CSCs. The in vivo anticancer efficacy of αM in combination with 5-FU was investigated using a xenograft mouse model.
Results
αM inhibited the cell viability and reduced the number of spheres in HT29 and SW620 cells. αM treatment decreased CSCs and suppressed the 5-FU-induced an increase in CSCs on flow cytometry. αM markedly suppressed Notch1, NICD1, and Hes1 in the Notch signaling pathway in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, αM attenuated CSC markers CD44 and CD133, in a manner similar to that upon DAPT treatment, in HT29 cells. In xenograft mice, the tumor and CSC makers were suppressed in the αM group and in the αM group with 5-FU treatment.
Conclusion
This study shows that low-dose αM inhibits CSCs in CRC and suppresses 5-FU–induced augmentation of CSCs via the Notch signaling pathway.
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Rashidi R, Forouzanfar F, Soukhtanloo M, Ghasemian S, Mousavi SH. Cytotoxic effects of Garcinia mangostana pericarp extract in cancer cell lines. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2022; 19:e130122200196. [PMID: 35049434 DOI: 10.2174/1570163819666220113100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Garcinia mangostana, commonly also called mangosteen, is an evergreen tropical tree, and its pericarps have been used in traditional herbal medicine for different diseases. The anticancer efficacy of the ethanolic extract from pericarps of Garcinia mangostana was investigated in human prostate cancer cells (PC3), melanoma cells (B16F10), breast cancer cells (MCF7) and glioblastoma (U87) cell lines. METHODS 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to measure cell viability. propidium iodide (PI) staining and analysis on a flow cytometer was used to identify apoptosis. Action on cell migration was evaluated by scratch assay and gelatin zymography. Furthermore, the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was measured. Moreover, we investigated the synergistic efficacy with several combinations of Garcinia mangostana extract (GME) with doxorubicin. RESULTS GME reduced cell viability in malignant cell dose and time-dependently. GME-induced sub-G1 peak in flow cytometry histogram of treated cells control representing apoptotic cell death is involved in GME toxicity. Furthermore, GME exhibited inhibitory effects on the migration ability of U87 cells, which was accompanied by inhibition in the activity and expression of MMP2 (matrix metalloproteinase-2). Besides, GSH level and SOD activity was significantly reduced while there was an increase in ROS and MDA concentration following 24 hr GME treatment. Moreover, combination of GME (1.5-25μg/mL) with Dox (6 µg/mL) displayed synergistic efficacy and cell growth inhibition. CONCLUSION In conclusion, GME could cause cell death in PC3, MCF7, U87, and B16F10 cell lines, in which apoptosis plays an imperative role. Plant extract decreased the migration ability of the cells by inhibiting the activity and expression of Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). G. mangostana could be a promising therapeutic strategy to treat cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Rashidi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shirin Ghasemian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hadi Mousavi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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8
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Nauman MC, Johnson JJ. The purple mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana): Defining the anticancer potential of selected xanthones. Pharmacol Res 2022; 175:106032. [PMID: 34896543 PMCID: PMC9597473 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The purple mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) is a popular Southeast Asian fruit that has been used traditionally for its health promoting benefits for years. Unique to the mangosteen are a class of phytochemicals known as xanthones that have been reported to display significant anti-cancer and anti-tumor activities, specifically through the promotion of apoptosis, targeting of specific cancer-related proteins, or modulation of cell signaling pathways. α-Mangostin, the most abundant xanthone isolated from the mangosteen, has received substantial attention as it has proven to be a potent phytochemical, specifically as an anticancer agent, in numerous different cancer cell studies and cancer animal models. While the mechanisms for these anticancer effects have been reported in many studies, lesser xanthones, including gartanin, β-mangostin, γ-mangostin, garcinone C, and garcinone E, and mangosteen extracts from the pericarp, roots, rind, and stem show promise for their anticancer activity but their mechanisms of action are not as well developed and remain to be determined. Mangosteen products appear safe and have been well tolerated in human clinical trials where they show antioxidant activity, though their clinical anticancer activity has not yet been evaluated. This review summarizes the work that has been done to explore and explain the anticancer and antitumor activities of α-mangostin, lesser xanthones, and mangosteen extracts in vitro, in vivo, and in humans in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirielle C Nauman
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, USA
| | - Jeremy J Johnson
- University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, USA.
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The Polyphenols α-Mangostin and Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid Induce Oxidative Stress, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Apoptosis in a Cellular Model of Medulloblastoma. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237230. [PMID: 34885809 PMCID: PMC8659270 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is a common malignant brain tumor in the pediatric age. The current therapeutics present serious collateral effects. Polyphenols α-mangostin and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) exert potent antitumoral activity in different cancer models, although their antitumoral effects have not been described in medulloblastoma cells yet. This study aimed to examine the proapoptotic effects of these polyphenols on human medulloblastoma cells. Medulloblastoma cell line Daoy was incubated with increasing concentrations of α-mangostin or NDGA for 24 h. The cell viability was analyzed using crystal violet and trypan blue dyes. Determination of the glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulfide (GSSG) ratio and levels of carbonylated proteins was performed to evaluate the oxidative stress. Cell cycle progression and induction of cell death by fluorochrome-couple and TUNEL assays were evaluated using flow cytometry assays. Individual treatments with α-mangostin or NDGA decreased the viability of Daoy cells in a dose-dependent manner, inducing G2/M and S-G2/M cell cycle arrest, respectively. Both polyphenols induced cell death and increased oxidative stress. Very interestingly, α-mangostin showed more potent effects than NDGA. Our results indicate that α-mangostin and NDGA exert important cytostatic and cytotoxic effects in the Daoy cell line. These data highlight the potential usefulness of these compounds as an alternative strategy in medulloblastoma treatment.
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Kurniawan YS, Priyangga KTA, Jumina, Pranowo HD, Sholikhah EN, Zulkarnain AK, Fatimi HA, Julianus J. An Update on the Anticancer Activity of Xanthone Derivatives: A Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1144. [PMID: 34832926 PMCID: PMC8625896 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The annual number of cancer deaths continues increasing every day; thus, it is urgent to search for and find active, selective, and efficient anticancer drugs as soon as possible. Among the available anticancer drugs, almost all of them contain heterocyclic moiety in their chemical structure. Xanthone is a heterocyclic compound with a dibenzo-γ-pyrone framework and well-known to have "privileged structures" for anticancer activities against several cancer cell lines. The wide anticancer activity of xanthones is produced by caspase activation, RNA binding, DNA cross-linking, as well as P-gp, kinase, aromatase, and topoisomerase inhibition. This anticancer activity depends on the type, number, and position of the attached functional groups in the xanthone skeleton. This review discusses the recent advances in the anticancer activity of xanthone derivatives, both from natural products isolation and synthesis methods, as the anticancer agent through in vitro, in vivo, and clinical assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; (Y.S.K.); (K.T.A.P.); (H.D.P.)
| | - Krisfian Tata Aneka Priyangga
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; (Y.S.K.); (K.T.A.P.); (H.D.P.)
| | - Jumina
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; (Y.S.K.); (K.T.A.P.); (H.D.P.)
| | - Harno Dwi Pranowo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; (Y.S.K.); (K.T.A.P.); (H.D.P.)
| | - Eti Nurwening Sholikhah
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia;
| | - Abdul Karim Zulkarnain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; (A.K.Z.); (H.A.F.)
| | - Hana Anisa Fatimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; (A.K.Z.); (H.A.F.)
| | - Jeffry Julianus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sanata Dharma, Yogyakarta 55282, Indonesia;
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Mumtaz SM, Bhardwaj G, Goswami S, Tonk RK, Goyal RK, Abu-Izneid T, Pottoo FH. Management of Glioblastoma Multiforme by Phytochemicals: Applications of Nanoparticle-Based Targeted Drug Delivery System. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:429-442. [PMID: 32718288 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200727115454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM; grade IV astrocytoma) exhorts tumors of star-shaped glial cells in the brain. It is a fast-growing tumor that spreads to nearby brain regions specifically to cerebral hemispheres in frontal and temporal lobes. The etiology of GBM is unknown, but major risk factors are genetic disorders like neurofibromatosis and schwannomatosis, which develop the tumor in the nervous system. The management of GBM with chemo-radiotherapy leads to resistance, and current drug regimen like Temozolomide (TMZ) is less efficacious. The reasons behind the failure of drugs are due to DNA alkylation in the cell cycle by enzyme DNA guanidase and mitochondrial dysfunction. Naturally occurring bioactive compounds from plants referred as phytochemicals, serve as vital sources for anti-cancer drugs. Some prototypical examples include taxol analogs, vinca alkaloids (vincristine, vinblastine), podophyllotoxin analogs, camptothecin, curcumin, aloe-emodin, quercetin, berberine etc. These phytochemicals often regulate diverse molecular pathways, which are implicated in the growth and progression of cancers. However, the challenges posed by the presence of BBB/BBTB to restrict the passage of these phytochemicals, culminates in their low bioavailability and relative toxicity. In this review, we integrated nanotech as a novel drug delivery system to deliver phytochemicals from traditional medicine to the specific site within the brain for the management of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed M Mumtaz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, PusphVihar Sector-3, M.B Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Gautam Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, PusphVihar Sector-3, M.B Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Shikha Goswami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, PusphVihar Sector-3, M.B Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar Tonk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, PusphVihar Sector-3, M.B Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh K Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, PusphVihar Sector-3, M.B Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Tareq Abu-Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Faheem Hyder Pottoo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. BOX 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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α-Mangostin Synergizes the Antineoplastic Effects of 5-Fluorouracil Allowing a Significant Dose Reduction in Breast Cancer Cells. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9030458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm and the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Although 5-fluorouracil is a conventional chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer treatment, its use may result in severe side effects. Thus, there is widespread interest in lowering 5-fluorouracil drawbacks, without affecting its therapeutic efficacy by the concomitant use with natural products. Herein, we aimed at evaluating whether α-mangostin, a natural antineoplastic compound, could increase the anticancer effect of 5-fluorouracil in different breast cancer cell lines, allowing for dose reduction. Cell proliferation was evaluated by sulforhodamine-B assays, inhibitory concentrations and potency were calculated by dose-response curves, followed by analysis of their pharmacological interaction by the combination-index method and dose-reduction index. Cell cycle distribution was evaluated by flow cytometry. Each compound inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, the triple negative breast cancer cells being the most sensitive. When 5-fluorouracil and α-mangostin were used concomitantly, synergistic antiproliferative effect was observed. The calculated dose-reduction index suggested that this combination exhibits therapeutic potential for reducing 5-fluorouracil dosage in breast cancer. Mechanistically, the cotreatment induced cell death in a greater extent than each drug alone. Therefore, α-mangostin could be used as a potent co-adjuvant for 5-fluorouracil in breast cancer.
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Liu H, Jin J, Huang D. Strategic ventilation reduces non-ventilated contralateral lung injury induced by one-lung ventilation in rabbits. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT One lung ventilation (OLV) often results in trauma to the unventilated contralateral lung. This study aims to evaluate the effects of different OLV regimens on the injury of the unventilated contralateral lung to identify the best conditions for OLV. Forty rabbits were divided into five groups: a sham group, OLV group I (fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) 1.0, tidal volume (VT) 8mL/kg, respiratory rate (R) 40 breaths/min and inspiratory/expiratory ratio (I:E) 1:2), OLV group II (FIO2=1.0, VT 8mL/kg, R 40 breaths/min, I:E 1:2, and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 5 cm H2O), OLV group III (FIO2 1.0, VT 6mL/kg, R 40 breaths/min, I:E 1:2 and PEEP 5 cm H2O) and OLV group IV (FIO2 0.8, VT 6mL/kg, R 40 breaths/min, I:E 1:2 and PEEP 5 cm H2O). Animals from all OLV groups received two-lung ventilation (TLV) to establish a baseline, followed by one of the indicated OLV regimens. The rabbits in the sham group were intubated through trachea and ventilated with fresh air. Arterial blood gas samples were collected, lung injury parameters were evaluated, and the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-8 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and pulmonary surfactant protein A (SPA) in the unventilated lung were also measured. In OLV group I, the unventilated left lung had higher TNF-α, IL-8 and lung injury score but lower SPA than the ventilated right lung. In OLV groups I to III, the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-8 and lung injury score in the left lung decreased but SPA increased. No differences in these parameters between OLV groups III and IV were observed. Strategic ventilation designed for OLV groups III and IV reduced OLV-induced injury of the non-ventilated contralateral lung in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- H.J. Liu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, China
| | - J. Jin
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, China
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14
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Trang Phan TK, Tran TQ, Nguyen Pham DT, Nguyen DT. Characterization, Release Pattern, and Cytotoxicity of Liposomes Loaded With α-Mangostin Isolated From Pericarp of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostanaL.). Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20974559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The pericarp of Garcinia mangostana L. is a rich source of α-mangostin, which exhibits a wide range of pharmacological and biological activities. However, clinical use of this compound is limited due to its low water solubility. Therefore, its formulation with various delivery systems has been developed. In the present study, α-mangostin was isolated from G. mangostana pericarp extract and loaded onto newly synthesized liposomes. The system was evaluated for in vitro drug release at pH 5.5 and 7.4 during 96 hours of experiment, followed by cytotoxicity measurement against Hep-G2 cells. α-Mangostin was obtained in a high yield (1.86%) and its chemical structure was confirmed using nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The compound was then loaded onto liposomes with relatively high efficiency (55.3% ± 2.3%). The compound was released in a sustained manner and exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against Hep-G2 cells. The present study provides important insights into liposome applications for α-mangostin delivery, thus improving the compound’s limitations and enabling further in vivo studies on its safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kieu Trang Phan
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Toan Quoc Tran
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dung Thuy Nguyen Pham
- Center of Excellence for Biochemistry and Natural Products, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thanh Nguyen
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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15
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do Espirito Santo BLS, Santana LF, Kato Junior WH, de Araújo FDO, Bogo D, Freitas KDC, Guimarães RDCA, Hiane PA, Pott A, Filiú WFDO, Arakaki Asato M, Figueiredo PDO, Bastos PRHDO. Medicinal Potential of Garcinia Species and Their Compounds. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194513. [PMID: 33019745 PMCID: PMC7582350 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Garcinia is a genus of Clusiaceae, distributed throughout tropical Asia, Africa, New Caledonia, Polynesia, and Brazil. Garcinia plants contain a broad range of biologically active metabolites which, in the last few decades, have received considerable attention due to the chemical compositions of their extracts, with compounds which have been shown to have beneficial effects in several diseases. Our work had the objective of reviewing the benefits of five Garcinia species (G. brasiliensis, G. gardneriana, G. pedunculata, G. cambogia, and G. mangstana). These species provide a rich natural source of bioactive compounds with relevant therapeutic properties and anti-inflammatory effects, such as for the treatment of skin disorders, wounds, pain, and infections, having demonstrated antinociceptive, antioxidant, antitumoral, antifungal, anticancer, antihistaminic, antiulcerogenic, antimicrobial, antiviral, vasodilator, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and cardioprotective properties. This demonstrates the relevance of the genus as a rich source of compounds with valuable therapeutic properties, with potential use in the prevention and treatment of nontransmissible chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Larissa Spontoni do Espirito Santo
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, 79070-900 Campo Grande, Brazil; (B.L.S.d.E.S.); (L.F.S.); (D.B.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.); (P.R.H.d.O.B.)
| | - Lidiani Figueiredo Santana
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, 79070-900 Campo Grande, Brazil; (B.L.S.d.E.S.); (L.F.S.); (D.B.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.); (P.R.H.d.O.B.)
| | - Wilson Hino Kato Junior
- Graduate of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, 79070-900 Campo Grande, Brazil;
| | - Felipe de Oliveira de Araújo
- Graduate of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, 79070-900 Campo Grande, Brazil;
| | - Danielle Bogo
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, 79070-900 Campo Grande, Brazil; (B.L.S.d.E.S.); (L.F.S.); (D.B.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.); (P.R.H.d.O.B.)
| | - Karine de Cássia Freitas
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, 79070-900 Campo Grande, Brazil; (B.L.S.d.E.S.); (L.F.S.); (D.B.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.); (P.R.H.d.O.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-67-3345-7416
| | - Rita de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, 79070-900 Campo Grande, Brazil; (B.L.S.d.E.S.); (L.F.S.); (D.B.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.); (P.R.H.d.O.B.)
| | - Priscila Aiko Hiane
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, 79070-900 Campo Grande, Brazil; (B.L.S.d.E.S.); (L.F.S.); (D.B.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.); (P.R.H.d.O.B.)
| | - Arnildo Pott
- Laboratory of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900 Campo Grande, Brazil;
| | - Wander Fernando de Oliveira Filiú
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, 79070-900 Campo Grande, Brazil;
| | - Marcel Arakaki Asato
- Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900 Campo Grande, Brazil;
| | - Patrícia de Oliveira Figueiredo
- Laboratory PRONABio (Bioactive Natural Products)-Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, 79074-460 Campo Grande, Brazil;
| | - Paulo Roberto Haidamus de Oliveira Bastos
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, 79070-900 Campo Grande, Brazil; (B.L.S.d.E.S.); (L.F.S.); (D.B.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.); (P.R.H.d.O.B.)
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16
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Lin CS, Lin CL, Ying TH, Chiou HL, Hung CH, Liao WS, Hsieh YH, Kao SH. β-Mangostin inhibits the metastatic power of cervical cancer cells attributing to suppression of JNK2/AP-1/Snail cascade. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8446-8460. [PMID: 32324277 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
β-Mangostin is a natural mangostin with potent anticancer activity against various cancers. In this study, we further explored the anticancer activity of β-mangostin on cervical cancer cells. β-Mangostin did not affect cell viability and cell cycle distribution in HeLa and SiHa cells; however, it dose-dependently inhibited the migration and invasion of both the human cervical cancer cell lines. In addition, we observed that β-mangostin suppressed the expression of integrin αV and β3 and the downstream focal adhesion kinase/Src signaling. We also found that Snail was involved in the β-mangostin inhibited cell migration and invasion of HeLa cell. Then, our findings showed that β-mangostin reduced both nuclear translocation and messenger RNA expression of AP-1 and demonstrated that AP-1 could target to the Snail promoter and induce Snail expression. Kinase cascade analysis and reporter assay showed that JNK2 was involved in the inhibition of AP-1/Snail axis by β-mangostin in HeLa cells. These results indicate that β-mangostin can inhibit the mobility and invasiveness of cervical cancer cells, which may attribute to the suppression of both integrin/Src signaling and JNK2-mediated AP-1/Snail axis. This suggests that β-mangostin has potential antimetastatic potential against cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Shiang Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ho Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Chiou
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Hung
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shan Liao
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Hsuan Kao
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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17
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Murthy HN, Bapat VA. Importance of Underutilized Fruits and Nuts. REFERENCE SERIES IN PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-06120-3_1-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Xanthones from the Bark of Garcinia xanthochymus and the Mechanism of Induced Apoptosis in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells via the Mitochondrial Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194803. [PMID: 31569691 PMCID: PMC6801373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthones are important chemical constituents of Garcinia xanthochymus and varied bioactivities including cytotoxicity. However, their anti-tumor mechanism has remained unknown. Here, we isolated and identified a new xanthone named garciniaxanthone I (1) and five known compounds from the bark of G. xanthochymus. Their structures were elucidated by NMR analysis and HRESIMS. The anti-proliferation activities of all isolated compounds were evaluated on four human tumor cell lines (HepG2, A549, SGC7901, MCF-7). The results demonstrated that the anti-proliferation activity of xanthone was related to the number and location of prenyl groups. We further found that garciniaxanthone I (GXI) could induce HepG2 apoptosis and enhance the expression of cleaved caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3. GXI could also increase Bax level and concurrently reduce the overexpression of Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Mcl-1, and surviving in HepG2 cells. Moreover, GXI could inhibit cell migration of HepG2 cells by inhibiting the expressions of MMP-7 and MMP-9. In summary, our study suggests that GXI could induce HepG2 apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and might become a lead compound for liver cancer treatment.
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19
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Markowicz J, Uram Ł, Sobich J, Mangiardi L, Maj P, Rode W. Antitumor and anti-nematode activities of α-mangostin. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 863:172678. [PMID: 31542481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
α-Mangostin, one of the major xanthones isolated from pericarp of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn), exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial as well as anticancer, both in in vitro and in vivo studies. In the present study, α-mangostin' anti-cancer and anti-parasitic properties were tested in vitro against three human cell lines, including squamous carcinoma (SCC-15) and glioblastoma multiforme (U-118 MG), compared to normal skin fibroblasts (BJ), and in vivo against Caenorhabditis elegans. The drug showed cytotoxic activity, manifested by decrease of cell viability, inhibition of proliferation, induction of apoptosis and reduction of adhesion at concentrations lower than 10 μM (the IC50 values were 6.43, 9.59 and 8.97 μM for SCC-15, U-118 MG and BJ, respectively). The toxicity, causing cell membrane disruption and mitochondria impairment, was selective against squamous carcinoma with regard to normal cells. Moreover, for the first time anti-nematode activity of α-mangostin toward C. elegans was described (the LC50 = 3.8 ± 0.5 μM), with similar effect exerted by mebendazole, a well-known anthelmintic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Markowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Ave, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Uram
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Ave, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Justyna Sobich
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Laura Mangiardi
- Center for Life NanoScience, CLNS@Sapienza, Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy and Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Piotr Maj
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Rode
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Ave, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland; Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
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20
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Shibata MA, Harada-Shiba M, Shibata E, Tosa H, Matoba Y, Hamaoka H, Iinuma M, Kondo Y. Crude α-Mangostin Suppresses the Development of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Apoe-Deficient Mice by a Possible M2 Macrophage-Mediated Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071722. [PMID: 30959963 PMCID: PMC6480575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle choices play a significant role in the etiology of atherosclerosis. Male Apoe−/− mice that develop spontaneous atherosclerotic lesions were fed 0%, 0.3%, and 0.4% mangosteen extracts, composed largely of α-mangostin (MG), for 17 weeks. Body weight gains were significantly decreased in both MG-treated groups compared to the control, but the general condition remained good throughout the study. The levels of total cholesterol (decreased very-low-density lipoprotein in lipoprotein profile) and triglycerides decreased significantly in the MG-treated mice in conjunction with decreased hepatic HMG-CoA synthase and Fatty acid transporter. Additionally, increased serum lipoprotein lipase activity and histopathology further showed a significant reduction in atherosclerotic lesions at both levels of MG exposure. Real-time PCR analysis for macrophage indicators showed a significant elevation in the levels of Cd163, an M2 macrophage marker, in the lesions of mice receiving 0.4% MG. However, the levels of Nos2, associated with M1 macrophages, showed no change. In addition, quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of macrophage subtypes showed a tendency for increased M2 populations (CD68+/CD163+) in the lesions of mice given 0.4% MG. In further analysis of the cytokine-polarizing macrophage subtypes, the levels of Interleukin13 (Il13), associated with M2 polarization, were significantly elevated in lesions exposed to 0.4% MG. Thus, MG could suppress the development of atherosclerosis in Apoe−/− mice, possibly through an M2 macrophage-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masa-Aki Shibata
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral & Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan.
| | - Eiko Shibata
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral & Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan.
| | | | - Yoshinobu Matoba
- Ecoresource Institute Co., Ltd., Minokamo, Gifu 505-0042, Japan.
| | - Hitomi Hamaoka
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
| | | | - Yoichi Kondo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
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21
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Szkaradek N, Sypniewski D, Żelaszczyk D, Gałka S, Borzdziłowska P, Marona H, Bednarek I. Influence of New Synthetic Xanthones on the Proliferation and Migration Potential of Cancer Cell Lines In Vitro. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:1949-1965. [PMID: 30950354 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190405113519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural plant metabolites and their semisynthetic derivatives have been used for years in cancer therapy. Xanthones are oxygenated heterocyclic compounds produced as secondary metabolites by higher plants, fungi or lichens. Xanthone core may serve as a template in the synthesis of many derivatives that have broad biological activities. OBJECTIVE This study synthesized a series of 17 new xanthones, and their anticancer potential was also evaluated. METHODS The anticancer potential was evaluated in vitro using a highly invasive T24 cancer cell line. Direct cytotoxic effects of the xanthones were established by IC50 estimation based on XTT assay. RESULTS 5 compounds of the total 17 showed significant cytotoxicity toward the studied cancer cultures and were submitted to further detailed analysis, including studies examining their influence on gelatinase A and B expression, as well as on the cancer cells migration and adhesion to an extracellular matrix. These analyses were carried out on five human tumor cell lines: A2780 (ovarian cancer), A549 (lung cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer), Hep G2 (liver cancer), and T24 (urinary bladder cancer). All the compounds, especially 4, showed promising anticancer activity: they exhibited significant cytotoxicity towards all the evaluated cell lines, including MCF-7 breast cancer, and hindered migration-motility activity of cancer cells demonstrating more potent activity than α-mangostin which served as a reference xanthone. CONCLUSION These results suggest that our xanthone derivatives may be further analyzed in order to include them in cancer treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Szkaradek
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Daniel Sypniewski
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Medical University of Silesia, 8 Jednosci Str., 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Dorota Żelaszczyk
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Sabina Gałka
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Medical University of Silesia, 8 Jednosci Str., 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Paulina Borzdziłowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Medical University of Silesia, 8 Jednosci Str., 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Henryk Marona
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ilona Bednarek
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Medical University of Silesia, 8 Jednosci Str., 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
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Mulia K, Fauzia F, Krisanti EA. Polyalcohols as Hydrogen-Bonding Donors in Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents for Extraction of Xanthones from the Pericarp of Garcinia mangostana L. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030636. [PMID: 30759720 PMCID: PMC6384984 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) is a fruit that is rich in xanthones, utilized as health supplements or additives in food products due to their high antioxidant activities. Choline chloride (ChCl)-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) with polyalcohols (ethylene glycol, glycerol, propanediols, and butanediols) as hydrogen bonding donors (HBDs) were used to extract the xanthones from the pericarp of mangosteen. DESs with 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, and 1,2-butanediol as HBDs (ChCl to HBD mole ratio of 1:3) afforded the highest extraction yields (2.40-2.63%) of α-mangostin, the most abundant component that represents xanthones. These DESs have intermediate Nile Red polar parameter values similar to that of ethanol and provide extraction yields with a quadratic dependence on the polar parameter. Polarity and viscosity, the important physicochemical properties to consider in the selection of DES as an extraction solvent, could be adjusted based on the consideration of the molecular structure of the polyalcohols. The following factors qualifies the ChCl-1,2-propanediol DES as a designer solvent for green extraction: It is selected from a set of DESs having a homologous class of HBDs to deliver the highest α-mangostin extraction yield, its extract composition similar to that obtained using ethanol, it has low or negligible vapor pressure, both of its components are generally recognized as safe chemicals so that direct utilization of a DES extract is possible, and this DES is used for utilization of agricultural waste products as the resource of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamarza Mulia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia.
| | - Farah Fauzia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia.
| | - Elsa Anisa Krisanti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia.
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23
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Bornadiego A, Díaz J, Marcos CF. Tandem synthesis of 4-aminoxanthones is controlled by a water-assisted tautomerization: a general straightforward reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:1410-1422. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02527d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iminolactone-aminofuran tautomerization is the rate-determining step in the multicomponent synthesis of xanthones from 3-carbonylchromones, isocyanides and dienophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bornadiego
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry & Membrane Biophysics (L.O.B.O.)
- School of Veterinary Sciences
- University of Extremadura
- 10071 Cáceres
- Spain
| | - Jesús Díaz
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry & Membrane Biophysics (L.O.B.O.)
- School of Veterinary Sciences
- University of Extremadura
- 10071 Cáceres
- Spain
| | - Carlos F. Marcos
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry & Membrane Biophysics (L.O.B.O.)
- School of Veterinary Sciences
- University of Extremadura
- 10071 Cáceres
- Spain
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Cytotoxicity and Toxicity Evaluation of Xanthone Crude Extract on Hypoxic Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Embryos. TOXICS 2018; 6:toxics6040060. [PMID: 30304811 PMCID: PMC6316214 DOI: 10.3390/toxics6040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Xanthone is an organic compound mostly found in mangosteen pericarp and widely known for its anti-proliferating effect on cancer cells. In this study, we evaluated the effects of xanthone crude extract (XCE) and α-mangostin (α-MG) on normoxic and hypoxic human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells and their toxicity towards zebrafish embryos. XCE was isolated using a mixture of acetone and water (80:20) and verified via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Both XCE and α-MG showed higher anti-proliferation effects on normoxic HepG2 cells compared to the control drug, 5-fluorouracil (IC50 = 50.23 ± 1.38, 8.39 ± 0.14, and 143.75 ± 15.31 μg/mL, respectively). In hypoxic conditions, HepG2 cells were two times less sensitive towards XCE compared to normoxic HepG2 cells (IC50 = 109.38 ± 1.80 μg/mL) and three times less sensitive when treated with >500 μg/mL 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). A similar trend was seen with the α-MG treatment on hypoxic HepG2 cells (IC50 = 10.11 ± 0.05 μg/mL) compared to normoxic HepG2 cells. However, at a concentration of 12.5 μg/mL, the α-MG treatment caused tail-bend deformities in surviving zebrafish embryos, while no malformation was observed when embryos were exposed to XCE and 5-FU treatments. Our study suggests that both XCE and α-MG are capable of inhibiting HepG2 cell proliferation during normoxic and hypoxic conditions, more effectively than 5-FU. However, XCE is the preferred option as no malformation was observed in surviving zebrafish embryos and it is more cost efficient than α-MG.
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Younas M, Hano C, Giglioli-Guivarc'h N, Abbasi BH. Mechanistic evaluation of phytochemicals in breast cancer remedy: current understanding and future perspectives. RSC Adv 2018; 8:29714-29744. [PMID: 35547279 PMCID: PMC9085387 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04879g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers around the globe and accounts for a large proportion of fatalities in women. Despite the advancement in therapeutic and diagnostic procedures, breast cancer still represents a major challenge. Current anti-breast cancer approaches include surgical removal, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy and the use of various chemotherapeutic drugs. However, drug resistance, associated serious adverse effects, metastasis and recurrence complications still need to be resolved which demand safe and alternative strategies. In this scenario, phytochemicals have recently gained huge attention due to their safety profile and cost-effectiveness. These phytochemicals modulate various genes, gene products and signalling pathways, thereby inhibiting breast cancer cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis and inducing apoptosis. Moreover, they also target breast cancer stem cells and overcome drug resistance problems in breast carcinomas. Phytochemicals as adjuvants with chemotherapeutic drugs have greatly enhanced their therapeutic efficacy. This review focuses on the recently recognized molecular mechanisms underlying breast cancer chemoprevention with the use of phytochemicals such as curcumin, resveratrol, silibinin, genistein, epigallocatechin gallate, secoisolariciresinol, thymoquinone, kaempferol, quercetin, parthenolide, sulforaphane, ginsenosides, naringenin, isoliquiritigenin, luteolin, benzyl isothiocyanate, α-mangostin, 3,3'-diindolylmethane, pterostilbene, vinca alkaloids and apigenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Younas
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad-45320 Pakistan +92-51-90644121 +92-51-90644121 +33-767-97-0619
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Plant Lignans Team, UPRES EA 1207, Université d'Orléans F 28000 Chartres France
| | | | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad-45320 Pakistan +92-51-90644121 +92-51-90644121 +33-767-97-0619
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Plant Lignans Team, UPRES EA 1207, Université d'Orléans F 28000 Chartres France
- EA2106 Biomolecules et Biotechnologies Vegetales, Universite Francois-Rabelais de Tours Tours France
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Phan TKT, Shahbazzadeh F, Pham TTH, Kihara T. Alpha-mangostin inhibits the migration and invasion of A549 lung cancer cells. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5027. [PMID: 29967723 PMCID: PMC6022730 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have indicated that α-mangostin exerts anti-metastasis and anti-subsistence effects on several types of cancer cells. Especially, the anti-metastatic effect of α-mangostin on cancer cells is a prospective function in cancer treatment. However, the metastasis process is complicated, and includes migration, invasion, intravasation, and extravasation; thus, the main target of anti-metastatic effect of α-mangostin is not known. In this study, we investigated the effects of α-mangostin on the invasion, subsistence, and migration of lung cancer cells under co-culture conditions with normal cells and regular mono-culture conditions. We found that α-mangostin killed the lung cancer and normal cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the alteration in the surface mechanical properties of cells was examined by using atomic force microscopy. Although the α-mangostin concentrations of 5 and 10 µM did not affect the short-term cell viability, they considerably decreased the Young's modulus of lung cancer cells implying a decline in cell surface actin cytoskeletal properties. Additionally, these concentrations of α-mangostin inhibited the migration of lung cancer cells. In co-culture conditions (cancer cells with normal cells), the invasive activities of cancer cells on normal cells were discernibly observed, and was inhibited after treatment with 5 and 10 µM of α-mangostin. Taken together, α-mangostin suppressed the subsistence of lung cancer cells and displayed anti-metastatic activities by inhibiting the migration and invasion, and reducing the actin cytoskeleton of cancer cells. Our findings suggest that α-mangostin could be a potential therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kieu Trang Phan
- Department of Life and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fahimeh Shahbazzadeh
- Department of Life and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Thi Thu Huong Pham
- The Key Laboratory of Enzyme & Protein Technology (KLEPT), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Takanori Kihara
- Department of Life and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
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Vengoji R, Macha MA, Batra SK, Shonka NA. Natural products: a hope for glioblastoma patients. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22194-22219. [PMID: 29774132 PMCID: PMC5955138 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors with an overall dismal survival averaging one year despite multimodality therapeutic interventions including surgery, radiotherapy and concomitant and adjuvant chemotherapy. Few drugs are FDA approved for GBM, and the addition of temozolomide (TMZ) to standard therapy increases the median survival by only 2.5 months. Targeted therapy appeared promising in in vitro monolayer cultures, but disappointed in preclinical and clinical trials, partly due to the poor penetration of drugs through the blood brain barrier (BBB). Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have intrinsic resistance to initial chemoradiation therapy (CRT) and acquire further resistance via deregulation of many signaling pathways. Due to the failure of classical chemotherapies and targeted drugs, research efforts focusing on the use of less toxic agents have increased. Interestingly, multiple natural compounds have shown antitumor and apoptotic effects in TMZ resistant and p53 mutant GBM cell lines and also displayed synergistic effects with TMZ. In this review, we have summarized the current literature on natural products or product analogs used to modulate the BBB permeability, induce cell death, eradicate CSCs and sensitize GBM to CRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghupathy Vengoji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Muzafar A. Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Nicole A. Shonka
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology and Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
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Fang Z, Luo W, Luo Y. Protective effect of α-mangostin against CoCl2-induced apoptosis by suppressing oxidative stress in H9C2 rat cardiomyoblasts. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:6697-6704. [PMID: 29512772 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Garcinia mangostana (a fruit) has been commonly used as a traditional drug in the treatment of various types of diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential protective effect of α‑mangostin (α‑MG), a primary constituent extracted from the hull of the G. mangostana fruit (mangosteen), against CoCl2‑induced apoptotic damage in H9C2 rat cardiomyoblasts. α‑MG was demonstrated to significantly improve the viability of the CoCl2‑treated cells by up to 79.6%, attenuating CoCl2‑induced damage. Further studies revealed that α‑MG exerted a positive effect in terms of decreased reactive oxygen species generation, malondialdehyde concentration, cellular apoptosis, and increased superoxide dismutase activity. Furthermore, treatment with CoCl2 increased the cleavage of caspase‑9, caspase‑3 and apoptosis regulator BAX, and reduced apoptosis regulator Bcl‑2 in H9C2 cells, as measured by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, which were significantly reversed by co‑treatment with α‑MG (0.06 and 0.3 mM). In conclusion, these results demonstrated that α‑MG protects H9C2 cells against CoCl2‑induced hypoxic injury, indicating that α‑MG is a potential therapeutic agent for cardiac hypoxic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Fang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Wanjun Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Luo
- International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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Pailee P, Kuhakarn C, Sangsuwan C, Hongthong S, Piyachaturawat P, Suksen K, Jariyawat S, Akkarawongsapat R, Limthongkul J, Napaswad C, Kongsaeree P, Prabpai S, Jaipetch T, Pohmakotr M, Tuchinda P, Reutrakul V. Anti-HIV and cytotoxic biphenyls, benzophenones and xanthones from stems, leaves and twigs of Garcinia speciosa. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 147:68-79. [PMID: 29304383 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Eleven previously undescribed compounds, including four benzophenones (garciosones A-D), four xanthones (garciosones E-H) and three biphenyls (garciosines A-C), along with eighteen known compounds were isolated from the stems, leaves and twigs of Garcinia speciosa Wall. (Clusiaceae). Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis. For garciosines A-C, the structures were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Most of the isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity and anti-HIV-1 activity using the syncytium inhibition assay and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) assay. The known compounds, 4,6,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-2-methoxybenzophenone and macluraxanthone, displayed significant cytotoxic activity with the ED50 in the range of 1.85-11.76 μM. 1,5-Dihydroxyxanthone exhibited the most potent anti-HIV activity against syncytium formation with EC50 < 17.13 μM (SI > 25.28) and 2-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-1,3,7-trihydroxyxanthone was the most active compound in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase assay with IC50 value of 58.24 μM. Structure-activity relationship of some isolated compounds were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phanruethai Pailee
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chutima Kuhakarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chanyapat Sangsuwan
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Sakchai Hongthong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pawinee Piyachaturawat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kanoknetr Suksen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Surawat Jariyawat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Radeekorn Akkarawongsapat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Jitra Limthongkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chanita Napaswad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Palangpon Kongsaeree
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Samran Prabpai
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Thaworn Jaipetch
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Manat Pohmakotr
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Patoomratana Tuchinda
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Vichai Reutrakul
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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30
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Phunpee S, Suktham K, Surassmo S, Jarussophon S, Rungnim C, Soottitantawat A, Puttipipatkhachorn S, Ruktanonchai UR. Controllable encapsulation of α-mangostin with quaternized β-cyclodextrin grafted chitosan using high shear mixing. Int J Pharm 2017; 538:21-29. [PMID: 29225100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the inclusion complex formation between α-mangostin and water-soluble quaternized β-CD grafted-chitosan (QCD-g-CS) was investigated. Inclusion complex formation with encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of 5, 15 and 75% can be varied using high speed homogenizer. Tuning %EE plays a role on physicochemical and biological properties of α-mangostin/QCD-g-CS complex. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that α-mangostin is included within the hydrophobic β-CD cavity and being absorbed on the QCD-g-CS surface, with these results being confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Probing the release characteristics of the inclusion complex at various %EE (5%, 15% and 75%) in simulated saliva (pH 6.8) demonstrated that α-mangostin release rates were dependent on % EE (order 5% > 15% > 75%). Additionally, higher antimicrobial and anti-inflammation activities were observed for the inclusion complex than those of free α-mangostin due to enhance the solubility of α-mangostin through the inclusion complex with QCD-g-CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarunya Phunpee
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Kunat Suktham
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Suvimol Surassmo
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Suwatchai Jarussophon
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Chompoonut Rungnim
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Apinan Soottitantawat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Satit Puttipipatkhachorn
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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García-Niño W, Estrada-Muñiz E, Valverde M, Reyes-Chilpa R, Vega L. Cytogenetic effects of Jacareubin from Calophyllum brasiliense on human peripheral blood mononucleated cells in vitro and on mouse polychromatic erythrocytes in vivo. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 335:6-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Huang CF, Teng YH, Lu FJ, Hsu WH, Lin CL, Hung CC, Tung JN, Hsieh YH, Liu CJ. β-mangostin suppresses human hepatocellular carcinoma cell invasion through inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and activating the ERK and JNK pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:2360-2370. [PMID: 28722351 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
β-mangostin is a dietary xanthone that has been reported to have the anticancer properties in some human cancer cell types. However, the antimetastatic effect and molecular mechanism of β-mangostin action in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells remain unknown. In this study, we found that β-mangostin did not induce cytotoxicity in human HCC cells (SK-Hep-1, Huh-7 and HA22T/VGH cells). β-mangostin could inhibit migration and invasion of human HCC cells. Meanwhile, β-mangostin significantly decreased the protein activities and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 via increasing the activation of MEK1/2, ERK1/2, MEK4 and JNK1/2 signaling pathways. Furthermore, using specific inhibitor for ERK1/2 (PD98059) and JNK1/2 (JNKII) significantly restored the expression of MMP-2/-9 and invasion by β-mangostin treatment in Huh-7 cells. In addition, β-mangostin effectively restored the protein levels and transcription activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in siERK or siJNK-transfected Huh-7 cells, concomitantly with promotion on cell migration and invasion. Taken together, these findings are the first to demonstrate the antimetastatic activity of β-mangostin against human HCC cells, which may act as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Feng Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hock Teng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Jou Lu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Hung
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jai-Nien Tung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tungs'Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Clinical laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Jung Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Kim M, Chin YW, Lee EJ. α, γ-Mangostins Induce Autophagy and Show Synergistic Effect with Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2017; 25:609-617. [PMID: 28822990 PMCID: PMC5685430 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal and aggressive cancers in the world. However, no effective treatment is currently available for pancreatic cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the anti-pancreatic cancer effect of α-mangostin (αM) and γ-mangostin (γM) extracted from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana L.. Both αM and γM reduced the viability of pancreatic cancer cells MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 in a dose-dependent manner. These compounds induced apoptosis by increasing c-PARP and c-Caspase 3 levels. They also induced autophagy by increasing levels of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3II) in both cell lines while decreasing sequestosome 1 (p62) in MIA PaCa-2. Both αM and γM induced autophagy through increasing phosphorylation levels of AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) and p38-mitogen activated protein kinase (p-p38) while decreasing phosphorylation level of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (p-mTOR). Of various microRNAs (miRNA), miR-18a was found to be a putative regulatory miRNA for autophagy induced by αM or γM. In combination with gemcitabine, a compound frequently used in pancreatic cancer treatment, αM and γM showed synergistic anti-cancer effects in MIA PaCa-2. Collectively, these results suggest that αM and γM can induce apoptosis and autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells and that their anti-cancer effect is likely to be associated with miR-18a. In conclusion, αM and γM might be used as a potential new therapy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoungjae Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Won Chin
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Joo Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
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El Habbash AI, Mohd Hashim N, Ibrahim MY, Yahayu M, Omer FAE, Abd Rahman M, Nordin N, Lian GEC. In vitro assessment of anti-proliferative effect induced by α-mangostin from Cratoxylum arborescens on HeLa cells. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3460. [PMID: 28740747 PMCID: PMC5522721 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural medicinal products possess diverse chemical structures and have been an essential source for drug discovery. Therefore, in this study, α-mangostin (AM) is a plant-derived compound was investigated for the apoptotic effect on human cervical cancer cells (HeLa). The cytotoxic effects of AM on the viability of HeLa and human normal ovarian cell line (SV40) were evaluated by using MTT assay. Results showed that AM inhibited HeLa cells viability at concentration- and time-dependent manner with IC50 value of 24.53 ± 1.48 µM at 24 h. The apoptogenic effects of AM on HeLa were assessed using fluorescence microscopy analysis. The effect of AM on cell proliferation was also studied through clonogenic assay. ROS production evaluation, flow cytometry (cell cycle) analysis, caspases 3/7, 8, and 9 assessment and multiple cytotoxicity assays were conducted to determine the mechanism of cell apoptosis. This was associated with G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and elevation in ROS production. AM induced mitochondrial apoptosis which was confirmed based on the significant increase in the levels of caspases 3/7 and 9 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the MMP disruption and increased cell permeability, concurrent with cytochrome c release from the mitochondria to the cytosol provided evidence that AM can induce apoptosis via mitochondrial-dependent pathway. AM exerted a remarkable antitumor effect and induced characteristic apoptogenic morphological changes on HeLa cells, which indicates the occurrence of cell death. This study reveals that AM could be a potential antitumor compound on cervical cancer in vitro and can be considered for further cervical cancer preclinical and in vivo testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha I El Habbash
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Najihah Mohd Hashim
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Center for Natural Products and Drug Discovery (CENAR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Maizatulakmal Yahayu
- Department of Bioproduct Research & Innovation, Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | | | - Mashitoh Abd Rahman
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noraziah Nordin
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Medical Science 1, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam, Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Chuysinuan P, Techasakul S, Suksamrarn S, Wetprasit N, Hongmanee P, Supaphol P. Preparation and characterization of electrospun polyacrylonitrile fiber mats containing Garcinia mangostana. Polym Bull (Berl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-017-2087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Brito LDC, Berenger ALR, Figueiredo MR. An overview of anticancer activity of Garcinia and Hypericum. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:847-862. [PMID: 28363851 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide (approximately 8.2 million cases/year) and, over the next two decades, a 70% increase in new cancer cases is expected. Through analysis of the available drugs between the years of 1930 and 2014, it was found that 48% were either natural products or their derivatives. This proportion increased to 66% when semi-synthetic products were included. The family Clusiaceae Juss. (Malpighiales) includes approximately 1000 species distributed throughout all tropical and temperate regions. The phytochemical profile of this family includes many chemicals with interesting pharmacological activities, including anticancer activities. This study includes an overview of the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of secondary metabolites from Garcinia and Hypericum and the mechanisms involved in this activity. Hypericum no longer belong to Clusiaceae family, but was considered in the past by taxonomists, due to similarities with this family. Research in the area has shown that several compounds belonging to different chemical classes exhibit activity in several tumor cell lines in different experimental models. This review shows the significant antineoplasic activity of these compounds, in particular of these two genera and validates the importance of natural products in the search for anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavínia de C Brito
- Central Analítica Fernanda Coutinho, Instituto de Química, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Laboratório de Produtos Naturais 3 (PN3), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Mohamed GA, Al-Abd AM, El-Halawany AM, Abdallah HM, Ibrahim SRM. New xanthones and cytotoxic constituents from Garcinia mangostana fruit hulls against human hepatocellular, breast, and colorectal cancer cell lines. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 198:302-312. [PMID: 28108382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cancer has proceeded to surpass one of the most chronic illnesses to be the major cause of mortality in both the developing and developed world. Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen, family Guttiferae) known as the queen of fruits, is one of the most popular tropical fruits. It is cultivated in Southeast Asian countries: Malaysia, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, and Philippines. Traditionally, numerous parts of G. mangostana have been utilized to treat various ailments such as abdominal pain, haemorrhoids, food allergies, arthritis, leucorrhoea, gonorrhea, diarrhea, dysentery, wound infection, suppuration, and chronic ulcer. AIM OF STUDY Although anticancer activity has been reported for the plant, the goal of the study was designed to isolate and characterize the active metabolites from G. mangostana and measure their cytotoxic properties. In this research, the mechanism of antiproliferative/cytotoxic effects of the tested compounds was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CHCl3 fraction of the air-dried fruit hulls was repeatedly chromatographed on SiO2, RP18, Diaion HP-20, and polyamide columns to furnish fourteen compounds. The structures of these metabolites were proven by UV, IR, 1D, and 2D NMR measurements and HRESIMS. Additionally, the cytotoxic potential of all compounds was assessed against MCF-7, HCT-116, and HepG2 cell lines using SRB-U assay. Antiproliferative and cell cycle interference effects of potentially potent compounds were tested using DNA content flow cytometry. The mechanism of cell death induction was also studied using annexin-V/PI differential staining coupled with flow cytometry. RESULTS The CHCl3 soluble fraction afforded two new xanthones: mangostanaxanthones V (1) and VI (2), along with twelve known compounds: mangostanaxanthone IV (3), β-mangostin (4), garcinone E (5), α-mangostin (6), nor-mangostin (7), garcimangosone D (8), aromadendrin-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), 1,2,4,5-tetrahydroxybenzene (10), 2,4,3`-trihydroxybenzophenone-6-O-β-glucopyranoside (11), maclurin-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (rhodanthenone) (12), epicatechin (13), and 2,4,6,3`,5`-pentahydroxybenzophenone (14). Only compound 5 showed considerable antiproliferative/cytotoxic effects with IC50's ranging from 15.8 to 16.7µM. Compounds 3, 4, and 6 showed moderate to weak cytotoxic effects (IC50's ranged from 45.7 to 116.4µM). Using DNA content flow cytometry, it was found that only 5 induced significant cell cycle arrest at G0/G1-phase which is indicative of its antiproliferative properties. Additionally, by using annexin V-FITC/PI differential staining, 5 induced cells killing effect via the induction of apoptosis and necrosis in both HepG2 and HCT116 cells. Compound 3 produce necrosis and apoptosis only in HCT116 cells. On contrary, 6 induced apoptosis and necrosis in HepG2 cells and moderate necrosis in HCT116 cells. CONCLUSION Fourteen compounds were isolated from chloroform fraction of G. mangostana fruit hulls. Cytotoxic properties exhibited by the isolated xanthones from G. mangostana reinforce the avail of it as a natural cytotoxic agent against various cancers. These evidences could provide relevant bases for the scientific rationale of using G. mangostana in anti-cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal A Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Al-Abd
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ali M El-Halawany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Hossam M Abdallah
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Sabrin R M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah 30078, Saudi Arabia.
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Synergic Effect of α-Mangostin on the Cytotoxicity of Cisplatin in a Cervical Cancer Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:7981397. [PMID: 28053694 PMCID: PMC5178369 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7981397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of death among Mexican women. The treatment with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) has some serious side effects. Alpha-mangostin (α-M), has a protective effect against CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity, as well as antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory properties. Hence, we explored the in vitro and in vivo effect of α-M on human cervical cancer cell proliferation when combined with CDDP. In vitro, The cytotoxic effect of α-M and/or CDDP was measured by the 3-(3,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyltetrazolium assay. Meanwhile, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the cell cycle were determined with flow cytometry. For α-M+CDDP treatment, both a coincubation and preincubation scheme were employed. In vivo, xenotransplantation was performed in female athymic BALB/c (nu/nu) mice, and then tumor volume and body weight were measured weekly, whereas α-M interfered with the antiproliferative activity of CDDP in the coincubation scheme, with preincubation with α-M+CDDP showing significantly greater cytotoxicity than CDDP or α-M alone, significantly inhibiting average tumor volume and preventing nephrotoxicity. This effect was accompanied by increased apoptosis and ROS production by HeLa cervical cancer cells, as well as an arrest in the cell cycle. These results suggest that α-M may be useful as a neoadjuvant agent in cervical cancer therapy.
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Direct construction of xanthene and benzophenone derivatives via Brønsted acid controlled Diels-Alder reaction of 3-vinylchromones and arynes. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Cai N, Xie SJ, Qiu DB, Jia CC, Du C, Liu W, Chen JJ, Zhang Q. Potential effects of α-mangostin in the prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Lee D, Choi YO, Kim KH, Chin YW, Namgung H, Yamabe N, Jung K. Protective effect of α-mangostin against iodixanol-induced apoptotic damage in LLC-PK1 cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3806-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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α-Mangostin Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:5352412. [PMID: 27478478 PMCID: PMC4960343 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5352412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mangosteen has long been used as a traditional medicine and is known to have antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. Although the effects of α-mangostin, a natural compound extracted from the pericarp of mangosteen, have been investigated in many studies, there is limited data on the effects of the compound in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In this study, α-mangostin was assessed as a potential anticancer agent against human OSCC cells. α-Mangostin inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell death in OSCC cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner with little to no effect on normal human PDLF cells. α-Mangostin treatment clearly showed apoptotic evidences such as nuclear fragmentation and accumulation of annexin V and PI-positive cells on OSCC cells. α-Mangostin treatment also caused the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential and the translocation of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol. The expressions of the mitochondria-related proteins were activated by α-mangostin. Treatment with α-mangostin also induced G1 phase arrest and downregulated cell cycle-related proteins (CDK/cyclin). Hence, α-mangostin specifically induces cell death and inhibits proliferation in OSCC cells via the intrinsic apoptosis pathway and cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, suggesting that α-mangostin may be an effective agent for the treatment of OSCC.
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Venkanna A, Goud PVK, Prasad PV, Shanker M, Rao PV. One-Step Synthesis of Xanthones and Thio-Xanthones by Using Magnetically Separable Copper ferrite Nanoparticles as a Catalyst under Ligand Free Conditions. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Avudoddi Venkanna
- Department of Chemistry; Osmania University; Tarnaka Hyderabad Telangana State India 500007
| | - Palle Vinod Kumar Goud
- Department of Chemistry; Osmania University; Tarnaka Hyderabad Telangana State India 500007
| | | | - Medi Shanker
- Department of Chemistry; Osmania University; Tarnaka Hyderabad Telangana State India 500007
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Jotani MM, Iniyavan P, Vijayakumar V, Sarveswari S, Tan YS, Tiekink ERT. 12-(3,4,5-Tri-meth-oxy-phen-yl)-2,3,4,12-tetra-hydro-1H-5-oxa-tetra-phen-1-one: crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2016; 72:809-14. [PMID: 27308048 PMCID: PMC4908558 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989016007775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C26H24O5, the pyran ring has a flattened-boat con-formation, with the 1,4-related ether O and methine C atoms lying 0.1205 (18) and 0.271 (2) Å, respectively, above the least-squares plane involving the doubly bonded C atoms (r.m.s deviation = 0.0208 Å). An envelope conformation is found for the cyclo-hexene ring, with the flap atom being the middle methyl-ene C atom, lying 0.616 (2) Å out of the plane defined by the remaining atoms (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0173 Å). The fused four-ring system is approximately planar, with the dihedral angle between the least-squares planes through the cyclo-hexene and naphthyl rings being 10.78 (7)°. The tris-ubstituted benzene ring occupies a position almost perpendicular to the pyran ring [dihedral angle = 83.97 (4)°]. The most prominent feature of the packing is the formation of zigzag supra-molecular chains mediated by aryl-C-H⋯O(meth-oxy) inter-actions; chains are connected into a three-dimensional architecture by methyl-ene- and methyl-C-H⋯π inter-actions. The prevalence of C-H⋯O and C-H⋯π inter-actions is confirmed by an analysis of the Hirshfeld surface. A comparison with related structures suggests that the mol-ecular conformation of the title compound is relatively robust with respect to varying substitution patterns at the methine C atom of the pyran ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh M. Jotani
- Department of Physics, Bhavan’s Sheth R. A. College of Science, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380 001, India
| | - P. Iniyavan
- Centre for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
| | - V. Vijayakumar
- Centre for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
| | - S. Sarveswari
- Centre for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632 014, India
| | - Yee Seng Tan
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Edward R. T. Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Ibrahim MY, Hashim NM, Mariod AA, Mohan S, Abdulla MA, Abdelwahab SI, Arbab IA. α-Mangostin from Garcinia mangostana Linn: An updated review of its pharmacological properties. ARAB J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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β-Mangostin suppresses LA-7 cells proliferation in vitro and in vivo: Involvement of antioxidant enzyme modulation; suppression of matrix metalloproteinase and α6β4 integrin signalling pathways. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Synthesis of 3-acyloxyxanthone derivatives as α-glucosidase inhibitors: A further insight into the 3-substituents’ effect. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:1431-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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SUBARNAS ANAS, DIANTINI AJENG, ABDULAH RIZKY, ZUHROTUN ADE, NUGRAHA PATRIAA, HADISAPUTRI YUNIE, PUSPITASARI IRMAM, YAMAZAKI CHIHO, KUWANO HIROYUKI, KOYAMA HIROSHI. Apoptosis-mediated antiproliferative activity of friedolanostane triterpenoid isolated from the leaves of Garcinia celebica against MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines. Biomed Rep 2016; 4:79-82. [PMID: 26870339 PMCID: PMC4726843 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Garcinia celebica strongly inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines. The present study focused on investigating the active anticancer and antiproliferative compound from the G. celebica leaves and assessing its mechanism of action. Ethanol extracts of G. celebica were fractionated based on their polarity using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water. The antiproliferative properties were tested in vitro against MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The active compound was subsequently isolated using column chromatography and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance. The characterized compound was also tested for its antiproliferative properties and the mechanism by which it induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cells by western blot analysis of the activated apoptotic proteins. This resulted in the isolation of a friedolanostane triterpenoid, which was determined to be methyl-3α, 23-dihydroxy-17,14-friedolanstan-8,14,24-trien-26-oat. This compound inhibited MCF-7 cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 82 and 70 µM for the 24 and 48 h treatments, respectively. Furthermore, the western blot analysis suggested that the compound exerted its anticancer activities by promoting apoptosis through the inhibition of the oncogenic protein Akt, thereby increasing the expression of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein. These results suggest that methyl-3α,23-dihydroxy-17,14-friedolanstan-8,14,24-trien-26-oat is the anticancer compound found in G. celebica, providing a basis for its potential use in cancer disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- ANAS SUBARNAS
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
| | - AJENG DIANTINI
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
| | - RIZKY ABDULAH
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Public Health, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - ADE ZUHROTUN
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
| | - PATRIA A. NUGRAHA
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
| | - YUNI E. HADISAPUTRI
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - IRMA M. PUSPITASARI
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Public Health, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - CHIHO YAMAZAKI
- Department of Public Health, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - HIROYUKI KUWANO
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - HIROSHI KOYAMA
- Department of Public Health, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
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Tajbakhsh M, Heidary M, Hosseinzadeh R, Amiri MA. FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O as a green and readily available catalyst for the synthesis of 1-oxo-hexahydroxanthenes by the condensation of salicylaldehydes with 1,3-diketones in aqueous media. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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50
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Sun Y, Li D, Jia C, Xue C, Bai J, Li Z, Hua H. Three new xanthones from the leaves of Garcinia lancilimba. J Nat Med 2015; 70:173-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-015-0950-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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