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Getter T, Margalit R, Kahremany S, Levy L, Blum E, Khazanov N, Keshet-Levy NY, Tamir TY, Ben Major M, Lahav R, Zilber S, Senderowitz H, Bradfield P, Imhof BA, Alpert E, Gruzman A. Novel inhibitors of leukocyte transendothelial migration. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103250. [PMID: 31580982 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte transendothelial migration is one of the most important step in launching an inflammatory immune response and chronic inflammation can lead to devastating diseases. Leukocyte migration inhibitors are considered as promising and potentially effective therapeutic agents to treat inflammatory and auto-immune disorders. In this study, based on previous trioxotetrahydropyrimidin based integrin inhibitors that suboptimally blocked leukocyte adhesion, twelve molecules with a modified scaffold were designed, synthesized, and tested in vitro for their capacity to block the transendothelial migration of immune cells. One of the molecules, namely, methyl 4-((2-(tert-butyl)-6-((2,4,6-trioxotetrahydropyrimidin-5(2H)-ylidene) methyl) phenoxy) methyl) benzoate, (compound 12), completely blocked leukocyte transendothelial migration, without any toxic effects on immune or endothelial cells (IC50 = 2.4 µM). In vivo, compound 12 exhibited significant therapeutic effects in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)/Crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis, fatty liver disease, and rheumatoid arthritis models. A detailed acute and chronic toxicity profile of the lead compound in vivo did not reveal any toxic effects. Such a type of molecule might therefore provide a unique starting point for designing a novel class of leukocyte transmigration blocking agents with broad therapeutic applications in inflammatory and auto-immune pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Getter
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Raanan Margalit
- "Science in Action", Ness-Ziona, Israel; "AltA-ZuZ Therapeutics", Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Shirin Kahremany
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Laura Levy
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Eliav Blum
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Netaly Khazanov
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Nimrod Y Keshet-Levy
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Department of Pathology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tigist Y Tamir
- Department of Pharmacology and the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - M Ben Major
- Department of Pharmacology and the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ron Lahav
- "AltA-ZuZ Therapeutics", Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Sofia Zilber
- Department of Pathology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hanoch Senderowitz
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | | | - Beat A Imhof
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Arie Gruzman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
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Chanteux H, Staelens L, Mancel V, Gerin B, Boucaut D, Prakash C, Nicolas JM. Cross-Species Differences in the Preclinical Pharmacokinetics of CT7758, an α4β1/α4β7 Integrin Antagonist. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 43:1381-91. [PMID: 26153275 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.064436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CT7758, a carboxylate containing α4β1/α4/β7 integrin antagonist, was characterized for its pharmacokinetic profile in various in vitro and in vivo assays in support of clinical development. The oral bioavailability of CT7758 was 4% in mice, 2% in rats, 7-55% in dogs, and 0.2% in cynomolgus monkeys. The low bioavailability in rodents and monkey results from low intestinal absorption as evidenced by a low fraction absorbed in the rat portal vein model (3%), low-to-medium permeability in Caco-2 cells (≤1.3 × 10(-6) cm/s) with evidences of polarized efflux, and high polar surface area (104 Å). In rodents and cynomolgus monkeys, the total plasma clearance was moderate to high (≥50% hepatic blood flow QH) and associated with a short elimination half-life (≤1 hour). This contrast with the dog data which showed a much lower clearance (6% QH) and a longer t1/2 (2.4 hours). The volume of distribution (Vz) also varied significantly across species with value of 5.5, 2.8, 0.24, and 0.93 l/kg in mouse, rat, dog, and cynomolgus monkey, respectively. In vitro assays demonstrated that active hepatic uptake accounted for most of the in vivo clearance and was the source of the large species variability. In vitro uptake assays predicted a total plasma clearance in humans in the low range (33% QH), a finding subsequently confirmed in the clinic. Assays in OAPT1B1-transfected cells demonstrated active uptake transport through this transporter. The prospect of limited absorption in human prompted the synthesis an ethyl ester prodrug, CDP323, which demonstrated higher in vitro permeability, increased oral bioavailability, as well as efficient in vivo release of its active moiety CT7758.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Chanteux
- UCB Pharma SA, Investigative ADME (H.C., V.M., B.G.), Bioanalytical Sciences (L.S.), Laboratory Animal Services (D.B.), Braine l'Alleud, Belgium; Strategic DMPK Support, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (J.M.N.); and Biogen Idec, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, Massachusetts (C.P.)
| | - Ludovicus Staelens
- UCB Pharma SA, Investigative ADME (H.C., V.M., B.G.), Bioanalytical Sciences (L.S.), Laboratory Animal Services (D.B.), Braine l'Alleud, Belgium; Strategic DMPK Support, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (J.M.N.); and Biogen Idec, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, Massachusetts (C.P.)
| | - Valérie Mancel
- UCB Pharma SA, Investigative ADME (H.C., V.M., B.G.), Bioanalytical Sciences (L.S.), Laboratory Animal Services (D.B.), Braine l'Alleud, Belgium; Strategic DMPK Support, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (J.M.N.); and Biogen Idec, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, Massachusetts (C.P.)
| | - Brigitte Gerin
- UCB Pharma SA, Investigative ADME (H.C., V.M., B.G.), Bioanalytical Sciences (L.S.), Laboratory Animal Services (D.B.), Braine l'Alleud, Belgium; Strategic DMPK Support, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (J.M.N.); and Biogen Idec, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, Massachusetts (C.P.)
| | - David Boucaut
- UCB Pharma SA, Investigative ADME (H.C., V.M., B.G.), Bioanalytical Sciences (L.S.), Laboratory Animal Services (D.B.), Braine l'Alleud, Belgium; Strategic DMPK Support, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (J.M.N.); and Biogen Idec, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, Massachusetts (C.P.)
| | - Chandra Prakash
- UCB Pharma SA, Investigative ADME (H.C., V.M., B.G.), Bioanalytical Sciences (L.S.), Laboratory Animal Services (D.B.), Braine l'Alleud, Belgium; Strategic DMPK Support, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (J.M.N.); and Biogen Idec, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, Massachusetts (C.P.)
| | - Jean-Marie Nicolas
- UCB Pharma SA, Investigative ADME (H.C., V.M., B.G.), Bioanalytical Sciences (L.S.), Laboratory Animal Services (D.B.), Braine l'Alleud, Belgium; Strategic DMPK Support, Braine l'Alleud, Belgium (J.M.N.); and Biogen Idec, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, Massachusetts (C.P.)
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CARLEVARO CMANUEL, MARTINS-DA-SILVA JOÃOHERMÍNIO, SAVINO WILSON, CAFFARENA ERNESTORAÚL. PLAUSIBLE BINDING MODE OF THE ACTIVE α4β1 ANTAGONIST, MK-0617, DETERMINED BY DOCKING AND FREE ENERGY CALCULATIONS. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633612501088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the last years, the development of small molecule antagonists of VLA-4 for the treatment of diseases, where cell trafficking and activation are important, has increased considerably. Among them, the MK-0617 ligand has proven to be a highly potent and orally active α4β1 antagonist. However, the binding mode of this ligand in the integrin binding site remains unknown. Herein we report a thermodynamic analysis of the interaction between MK-0617 (and one of its isomers) and the VLA-4 protein using molecular docking and the free energy perturbation calculations, based on a comparative model of the α4β1 receptor. Initial complex coordinates were taken from molecular docking assays and submitted to alchemical transformations. Free energy of binding ΔΔG values, derived from experimental IC50 values, were taken as a parameter for determining the most likely binding mode. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations of these ligands within the α4β1 binding site were carried out to elucidate the binding energy profile and identify the most significant residues. Our results indicate that MK-0617 fits within the binding site in a stretched conformation, pointing the carboxylate group towards the MIDAS ion. We observe that, despite the fact that the main contribution to the energetic binding process is due to the electrostatic ion contribution, the nonpolar contribution is not negligible. Additionally, a network of hydrogen bonds participate in stabilizing the ligand-receptor interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. MANUEL CARLEVARO
- Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológicos (CONICET-UNLP), 59 No 789, La Plata, Buenos Aires 1900, Argentina
| | - JOÃO HERMÍNIO MARTINS-DA-SILVA
- Programa de Computação Científica (PROCC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ave. Brasil 4365 Manguinhos, 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - WILSON SAVINO
- Laboratório de Pesquisas sobre o Timo, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ave. Brasil 4365 Manguinhos, 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - ERNESTO RAÚL CAFFARENA
- Programa de Computação Científica (PROCC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ave. Brasil 4365 Manguinhos, 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Harriman GC, Brewer M, Bennett R, Kuhn C, Bazin M, Larosa G, Skerker P, Cochran N, Gallant D, Baxter D, Picarella D, Jaffee B, Luly JR, Briskin MJ. Selective cell adhesion inhibitors: Barbituric acid based α4β7—MAdCAM inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:2509-12. [PMID: 18331794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2007] [Revised: 07/17/2007] [Accepted: 07/18/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
Sheep naturally allergic to Ascaris suum antigen have been used to study the pathophysiology of asthma and more recently allergic rhinitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis. The utility of the model as it relates to the study of these diseases is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Abraham
- Department of Research, Mount Sinai Medical Center, 4300 Alton Road, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA.
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Gong Y, Kent Barbay J, Kimball ES, Santulli RJ, Carolyn Fisher M, Dyatkin AB, Miskowski TA, Hornby PJ, He W. Synthesis and SAR of pyridazinone-substituted phenylalanine amide α4 integrin antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:1331-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2007] [Accepted: 01/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Trabocchi A, Scarpi D, Guarna A. Structural diversity of bicyclic amino acids. Amino Acids 2007; 34:1-24. [PMID: 17701095 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-007-0588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2007] [Accepted: 07/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Over the years biomedical research has been constantly oriented towards the development of new therapeutics based on bioactive peptides and their analogues. In particular, the generation of compounds having structures and functions similar to bioactive peptides, named "peptidomimetics", raised much interest among organic and medicinal chemists due to the possibility by using such compounds to improve both potency and stability of peptidic lead compounds. In the context of this research area, unnatural amino acids are of great interest in drug discovery, and their use as new building blocks for the development of peptidomimetics with high diversity level and possessing high-ordered structures is of special interest. In particular, medicinal chemistry has taken advantage of the use of amino acid homologues and of cyclic and polycyclic templates to introduce elements of diversity for the generation of new molecules as drug candidates. Bicyclic amino acids have been developed as reverse turn mimetics and dipeptide isosteres, and the constraint imposed by their structures has been reported as a tool for controlling the conformational preferences of modified peptides. Moreover, synthetic efforts have been driven to the generation of diverse structures based on the modulation of ring size and scaffold decoration by suitable functional groups. Herein is reported an overview of different classes of bicyclic amino acids, taking into account the strategies to achieve structurally diverse templates, and some implications in medicinal chemistry are also disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Trabocchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica Ugo Schiff, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
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9
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Hwang DJ, Yang J, Xu H, Rakov IM, Mohler ML, Dalton JT, Miller DD. Arylisothiocyanato selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) for prostate cancer. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:6525-38. [PMID: 16828557 PMCID: PMC2234576 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2006] [Revised: 06/06/2006] [Accepted: 06/08/2006] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A new series of androgen receptor targeted agents (ARTA) was prepared and tested in androgen-dependent and -independent prostate cancer cell lines. These agents were bicalutamide analogs with isothiocyanato substituted B-rings. Also, the linker sulfone of R-bicalutamide was maintained or replaced with several alternative linkages including ether, amine, N-methylamine, thioether, and methylene (in this case the product was a racemic mixture) functional groups at the X-position. To expand the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of these arylisothiocyanato AR ligands, B-ring halogenated arylisothiocyanato ligands were also prepared and tested. The arylisothiocyanato AR ligands showed strong binding affinities to AR ranging from 0.6 to 54 nM. Among them, thioether and ether linkages demonstrated high binding affinities (0.6 and 4.6 nM, respectively) and selective cell growth inhibition (approximately 3- to 6-fold) for LNCaP, an androgen-dependent prostate cancer cell line, when compared to the androgen independent prostate cell lines (DU145, PC-3, and PPC-1) and a bladder cell line (TSU-Pr1). However, the ligands were inactive (IC50>100 mM) in a normal monkey kidney cell line (CV-1) that was used as the control for non-specific toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jin Hwang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Huiping Xu
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Igor M. Rakov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Michael L. Mohler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - James T. Dalton
- Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Duane D. Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 901 448 6026; fax: +1 901 448 3446; e-mail:
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Lawson EC, Santulli RJ, Dyatkin AB, Ballentine SA, Abraham WM, Rudman S, Page CP, de Garavilla L, Damiano BP, Kinney WA, Maryanoff BE. Selection of a 2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-based alpha4beta1 integrin antagonist as an inhaled anti-asthmatic agent. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:4208-16. [PMID: 16495061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2005] [Revised: 01/25/2006] [Accepted: 01/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The alpha4beta1 integrin, expressed on eosinophils and neutrophils, induces inflammation in the lung by facilitating cellular infiltration and activation. From a number of potent alpha4beta1 antagonists that we evaluated for safety and efficacy, 1 was selected as a lead candidate for anti-asthma therapy by the inhalation route. We devised an optimized stereoselective synthesis to facilitate the preparation of a sufficiently large quantity of 1 for assessment in vivo. Administration of 1 to allergen-sensitive sheep by inhalation blocked the late-phase response of asthma and abolished airway hyper-responsiveness at 24h following the antigen challenge. Additionally, the recruitment of inflammatory cells into the lungs was inhibited. Administration of 1 to ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs intraperitoneally blocked airway resistance and inhibited the recruitment of inflammatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward C Lawson
- Research & Early Development, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Welsh and McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477-0776, USA.
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