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Mahardhika AB, Załuski M, Schoeder CT, Boshta NM, Schabikowski J, Perri F, Łażewska D, Neumann A, Kremers S, Oneto A, Ressemann A, Latacz G, Namasivayam V, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Müller CE. Potent, Selective Agonists for the Cannabinoid-like Orphan G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR18: A Promising Drug Target for Cancer and Immunity. J Med Chem 2024; 67:9896-9926. [PMID: 38885438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The human orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR18, activated by Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), constitutes a promising drug target in immunology and cancer. However, studies on GPR18 are hampered by the lack of suitable tool compounds. In the present study, potent and selective GPR18 agonists were developed showing low nanomolar potency at human and mouse GPR18, determined in β-arrestin recruitment assays. Structure-activity relationships were analyzed, and selectivity versus cannabinoid (CB) and CB-like receptors was assessed. Compound 51 (PSB-KK1415, EC50 19.1 nM) was the most potent GPR18 agonist showing at least 25-fold selectivity versus CB receptors. The most selective GPR18 agonist 50 (PSB-KK1445, EC50 45.4 nM) displayed >200-fold selectivity versus both CB receptor subtypes, GPR55, and GPR183. The new GPR18 agonists showed minimal species differences, while THC acted as a weak partial agonist at the mouse receptor. The newly discovered compounds represent the most potent and selective GPR18 agonists reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andhika B Mahardhika
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Research Training Group 2873, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michal Załuski
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pl 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Clara T Schoeder
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Nader M Boshta
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jakub Schabikowski
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pl 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Filomena Perri
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pl 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Alexander Neumann
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sarah Kremers
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Angelo Oneto
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anastasiia Ressemann
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pl 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Vigneshwaran Namasivayam
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Pl 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Christa E Müller
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Research Training Group 2873, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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Mahardhika AB, Ressemann A, Kremers SE, Gregório Castanheira MS, Schoeder CT, Müller CE, Pillaiyar T. Design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of diindolylmethane derivatives as cannabinoid CB 2 receptor agonists. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200493. [PMID: 36437108 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM), a natural product-derived compound formed upon ingestion of cruciferous vegetables, was recently described to act as a partial agonist of the anti-inflammatory cannabinoid (CB) receptor subtype CB2 . In the present study, we synthesized and evaluated a series of DIM derivatives and determined their affinities for human CB receptor subtypes in radioligand binding studies. Potent compounds were additionally evaluated in functional cAMP accumulation and β-arrestin recruitment assays. Small substituents in the 4-position of both indole rings of DIM were beneficial for high CB2 receptor affinity and efficacy. Di-(4-cyano-1H-indol-3-yl)methane (46, PSB-19837, EC50 : cAMP, 0.0144 µM, 95% efficacy compared to the full standard agonist CP55,940; β-arrestin, 0.0149 µM, 67% efficacy) was the most potent CB2 receptor agonist of the present series. Di-(4-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)methane (44, PSB-19571) showed higher potency in β-arrestin (EC50 0.0450 µM, 61% efficacy) than in cAMP accumulation assays (EC50 0.509 µM, 85% efficacy) while 3-((1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)-4-methyl-1H-indole (149, PSB-18691) displayed a 19-fold bias for the G protein pathway (EC50 : cAMP, 0.0652 µM; β-arrestin, 1.08 µM). DIM and its analogs act as allosteric CB2 receptor agonists. These potent CB2 receptor agonists have potential as novel drugs for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andhika B Mahardhika
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anastasiia Ressemann
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sarah E Kremers
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mariana S Gregório Castanheira
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Clara T Schoeder
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thanigaimalai Pillaiyar
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry and Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery, Institute of Pharmacy, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
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Salem MA, Abbas SY, Helal MH, Alzahrani AY. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Chromen-2-One and Chromen-2-Imine Derivatives Bearing Aryldiazenyl Moiety as Expected Antimicrobial Agents. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.2024583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Salem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Khalid University, Mohail, Assir, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samir Y. Abbas
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H. Helal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Y. Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Khalid University, Mohail, Assir, Saudi Arabia
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Modemann DJ, Maharadhika A, Yamoune S, Kreyenschmidt AK, Maaß F, Kremers S, Breunig C, Sahlmann CO, Bucerius JA, Stalke D, Wiltfang J, Bouter Y, Müller CE, Bouter C, Meller B. Development of high-affinity fluorinated ligands for cannabinoid subtype 2 receptor, and in vitro evaluation of a radioactive tracer for imaging. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 232:114138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Mohr F, Hurrle T, Burggraaff L, Langer L, Bemelmans MP, Knab M, Nieger M, van Westen GJP, Heitman LH, Bräse S. Synthesis and SAR evaluation of coumarin derivatives as potent cannabinoid receptor agonists. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 220:113354. [PMID: 33915369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We report the development and extensive structure-activity relationship evaluation of a series of modified coumarins as cannabinoid receptor ligands. In radioligand, and [35S]GTPγS binding assays the CB receptor binding affinities and efficacies of the new ligands were determined. Furthermore, we used a ligand-based docking approach to validate the empirical observed results. In conclusion, several crucial structural requirements were identified. The most potent coumarins like 3-butyl-7-(1-butylcyclopentyl)-5-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one (36b, Ki CB2 13.7 nM, EC50 18 nM), 7-(1-butylcyclohexyl)-5-hydroxy-3-propyl-2H-chromen-2-one (39b, Ki CB2 6.5 nM, EC50 4.51 nM) showed a CB2 selective agonistic profile with low nanomolar affinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Mohr
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany; Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hurrle
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany; Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Lindsey Burggraaff
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lukas Langer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Martijn P Bemelmans
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Knab
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A. I. Virtasen Aukio 1), 00014, Finland
| | - Gerard J P van Westen
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Laura H Heitman
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany; Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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Effects of a Novel GPR55 Antagonist on the Arachidonic Acid Cascade in LPS-Activated Primary Microglial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052503. [PMID: 33801492 PMCID: PMC7958845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a crucial process to maintain homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS). However, chronic neuroinflammation is detrimental, and it is described in the pathogenesis of CNS disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and depression. This process is characterized by the activation of immune cells, mainly microglia. The role of the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) in inflammation has been reported in different models. However, its role in neuroinflammation in respect to the arachidonic acid (AA) cascade in activated microglia is still lacking of comprehension. Therefore, we synthesized a novel GPR55 antagonist (KIT 10, 0.1–25 µM) and tested its effects on the AA cascade in lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 ng / mL)-treated primary rat microglia using Western blot and EIAs. We show here that KIT 10 potently prevented the release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), reduced microsomal PGE2 synthase (mPGES-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) synthesis, and inhibited the phosphorylation of Ikappa B-alpha (IκB-α), a crucial upstream step of the inflammation-related nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. However, no effects were observed on COX-1 and -2 activities and mitogen-activated kinases (MAPK). In summary, the novel GPR55 receptor antagonist KIT 10 reduces neuroinflammatory parameters in microglia by inhibiting the COX-2/PGE2 pathway. Further experiments are necessary to better elucidate its effects and mechanisms. Nevertheless, the modulation of inflammation by GPR55 might be a new therapeutic option to treat CNS disorders with a neuroinflammatory background such as AD or depression.
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Sanad SMH, Mekky AEM. Efficient synthesis and characterization of novel bis(chromenes) and bis(benzo[f]chromenes) linked to thiazole units. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1846748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed E. M. Mekky
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Nucleotide P2Y 1 receptor agonists are in vitro and in vivo prodrugs of A 1/A 3 adenosine receptor agonists: implications for roles of P2Y 1 and A 1/A 3 receptors in physiology and pathology. Purinergic Signal 2020; 16:543-559. [PMID: 33129204 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09732-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid phosphoester hydrolysis of endogenous purine and pyrimidine nucleotides has challenged the characterization of the role of P2 receptors in physiology and pathology. Nucleotide phosphoester stabilization has been pursued on a number of medicinal chemistry fronts. We investigated the in vitro and in vivo stability and pharmacokinetics of prototypical nucleotide P2Y1 receptor (P2Y1R) agonists and antagonists. These included the riboside nucleotide agonist 2-methylthio-ADP and antagonist MRS2179, as well as agonist MRS2365 and antagonist MRS2500 containing constrained (N)-methanocarba rings, which were previously reported to form nucleotides that are more slowly hydrolyzed at the α-phosphoester compared with the ribosides. In vitro incubations in mouse and human plasma and blood demonstrated the rapid hydrolysis of these compounds to nucleoside metabolites. This metabolism was inhibited by EDTA to chelate divalent cations required by ectonucleotidases for nucleotide hydrolysis. This rapid hydrolysis was confirmed in vivo in mouse pharmacokinetic studies that demonstrate that MRS2365 is a prodrug of the nucleoside metabolite AST-004 (MRS4322). Furthermore, we demonstrate that the nucleoside metabolites of MRS2365 and 2-methylthio-ADP are adenosine receptor (AR) agonists, notably at A3 and A1ARs. In vivo efficacy of MRS2365 in murine models of traumatic brain injury and stroke can be attributed to AR activation by its nucleoside metabolite AST-004, rather than P2Y1R activation. This research suggests the importance of reevaluation of previous in vitro and in vivo research of P2YRs and P2XRs as there is a potential that the pharmacology attributed to nucleotide agonists is due to AR activation by active nucleoside metabolites.
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Callahan BN, Kammala AK, Syed M, Yang C, Occhiuto CJ, Nellutla R, Chumanevich AP, Oskeritzian CA, Das R, Subramanian H. Osthole, a Natural Plant Derivative Inhibits MRGPRX2 Induced Mast Cell Responses. Front Immunol 2020; 11:703. [PMID: 32391014 PMCID: PMC7194083 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are tissue-resident innate immune cells known for their prominent role in mediating allergic reactions. MAS-related G-protein coupled receptor-X2 (MRGPRX2) is a promiscuous G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) expressed on mast cells that is activated by several ligands that share cationic and amphipathic properties. Interestingly, MRGPRX2 ligands include certain FDA-approved drugs, antimicrobial peptides, and neuropeptides. Consequently, this receptor has been implicated in causing mast cell-dependent pseudo-allergic reactions to these drugs and chronic inflammation associated with asthma, urticaria and rosacea in humans. In the current study we examined the role of osthole, a natural plant coumarin, in regulating mast cell responses when activated by the MRGPRX2 ligands, including compound 48/80, the neuropeptide substance P, and the cathelicidin LL-37. We demonstrate that osthole attenuates both the early (Ca2+ mobilization and degranulation) and delayed events (chemokine/cytokine production) of mast cell activation via MRGPRX2 in vitro. Osthole also inhibits MrgprB2- (mouse ortholog of human MRGPRX2) dependent inflammation in in vivo mouse models of pseudo-allergy. Molecular docking analysis suggests that osthole does not compete with the MRGPRX2 ligands for interaction with the receptor, but rather regulates MRGPRX2 activation via allosteric modifications. Furthermore, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy experiments reveal that osthole reduces both surface and intracellular expression levels of MRGPRX2 in mast cells. Collectively, our data demonstrate that osthole inhibits MRGPRX2/MrgprB2-induced mast cell responses and provides a rationale for the use of this natural compound as a safer alternative treatment for pseudo-allergic reactions in humans.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium Signaling/drug effects
- Cell Degranulation/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Coumarins/administration & dosage
- Disease Models, Animal
- Edema/drug therapy
- Edema/immunology
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mast Cells/drug effects
- Mast Cells/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Molecular Docking Simulation
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/chemistry
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Phytotherapy/methods
- Plant Extracts/administration & dosage
- Rats
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/chemistry
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/chemistry
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/metabolism
- Tissue Donors
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna N. Callahan
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Ananth K. Kammala
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Meesum Syed
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Canchai Yang
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | | | - Rithvik Nellutla
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Alena P. Chumanevich
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Carole A. Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Rupali Das
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Hariharan Subramanian
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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Wang XQ, Chen XB, Ye PT, Yang ZX, Bai MJ, Duan SY, Li Y, Yang XD. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 3-benzylcoumarin-imidazolium salts. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 30:126896. [PMID: 31882296 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 3-benzylcoumarin-imidazolium salts were prepared and evaluated in vitro against a panel of human tumor cell lines. The results showed that the existence of 5,6-dimethyl-benzimidazole ring and substitution of the imidazolyl-3-position with a naphthylacyl group were vital for modulating cytotoxic activity. Notably, compound 38 was found to be the most potent derivative with IC50 values of 2.04-4.51 μM against five human tumor cell lines, while compound 34 were more selective to SW-480 cell lines with IC50 value 40.0-fold lower than DDP. Mechanism of action studies indicated that compound 38 can cause the G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Quan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, PR China
| | - Xue-Bing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, PR China
| | - Ping-Ting Ye
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, PR China
| | - Zhi-Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, PR China
| | - Meng-Jiao Bai
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, PR China
| | - Su-Yue Duan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province, School of Science, Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan 661100, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650204, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
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Sachdev S, Boyd R, Grimsey NL, Santiago M, Connor M. Brodifacoum does not modulate human cannabinoid receptor-mediated hyperpolarization of AtT20 cells or inhibition of adenylyl cyclase in HEK 293 cells. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7733. [PMID: 31579608 PMCID: PMC6765355 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Synthetic cannabinoids are a commonly used class of recreational drugs that can have significant adverse effects. There have been sporadic reports of co-consumption of illicit drugs with rodenticides such as warfarin and brodifacoum (BFC) over the past 20 years but recently, hundreds of people have been reported to have been poisoned with a mixture of synthetic cannabinoids and BFC. We have sought to establish whether BFC directly affects cannabinoid receptors, or their activation by the synthetic cannabinoid CP55940 or the phytocannabinoid Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC). Methods The effects of BFC on the hyperpolarization of wild type AtT20 cells, or AtT20 cells stably expressing human CB1- or CB2- receptors, were studied using a fluorescent assay of membrane potential. The effect of BFC on CB1- and CB2-mediated inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase (AC) activation was measured using a BRET assay of cAMP levels in HEK 293 cells stably expressing human CB1 or CB2. Results BFC did not activate CB1 or CB2 receptors, or affect the hyperpolarization of wild type AtT20 cells produced by somatostatin. BFC (1 µM) did not affect the hyperpolarization of AtT20-CB1 or AtT20-CB2 cells produced by CP55940 or Δ9-THC. BFC (1 µM) did not affect the inhibition of forskolin-stimulated AC activity by CP55940 in HEK 293 cells expressing CB1 or CB2. BFC (1 µM) also failed to affect the desensitization of CB1 and CB2 signaling produced by prolonged (30 min) application of CP55940 or Δ9-THC to AtT20 cells. Discussion BFC is not a cannabinoid receptor agonist, and appeared not to affect cannabinoid receptor activation. Our data suggests there is no pharmacodynamic rationale for mixing BFC with synthetic cannabinoids; however, it does not speak to whether BFC may affect synthetic cannabinoid metabolism or biodistribution. The reasons underlying the mixing of BFC with synthetic cannabinoids are unknown, and it remains to be established whether the “contamination” was deliberate or accidental. However, the consequences for people who ingested the mixture were often serious, and sometimes fatal, but this seems unlikely to be due to BFC action at cannabinoid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Sachdev
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rochelle Boyd
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Cancer Research Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Natasha L Grimsey
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, and Centre for Brain Research School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marina Santiago
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark Connor
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Mekky AEM, Sanad SMH. Synthesis of novel bis(chromenes) and bis(chromeno[3,4-C]pyridine) incorporating piperazine moiety. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1595658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E. M. Mekky
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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13
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Schoeder CT, Kaleta M, Mahardhika AB, Olejarz-Maciej A, Łażewska D, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Müller CE. Structure-activity relationships of imidazothiazinones and analogs as antagonists of the cannabinoid-activated orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR18. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 155:381-397. [PMID: 29902723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
GPR18 is a cannabinoid-activated orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is selectively expressed on immune cells. Despite its significant potential as a drug target for inflammatory diseases and cancer immunotherapy, only very few GPR18 ligands have been described to date. In the present study we investigated the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of (Z)-2-(3-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)benzylidene)-6,7-dihydro-2H-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazin-3(5H)-one (PSB-CB5, 5), the most potent GPR18 antagonist described to date. Analogs were synthesized that exhibit broad modifications of the heterocyclic core and/or variation of substituents at the benzylidene moiety. The compounds were investigated in β-arrestin recruitment assays as inhibitors of human GPR18 activation by tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Selectivity was assessed versus the cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) and versus GPR55, another orphan GPCR that interacts with cannabinoids. Phenyloxyalkyloxy-substituted benzylidenethiazinones with long alkyl chains (optimal length: hexamethylene) efficiently blocked GPR18 with similarly high potency as lead structure 5. (Z)-2-(3-(6-(4-Chlorophenoxy)hexyloxy)benzylidene)-6,7-dihydro-2H-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazin-3(5H)-one (PSB-CB-27, 23) exhibited the best profile: it displayed an IC50 value of 650 nM at GPR18 and showed improved selectivity versus CB receptors as compared to lead structure 5. Importantly, in contrast to 5, which showed only partial inhibition (60%), 23 led to a complete blockade of THC-induced GPR18 activation and is thus a superior tool for target validation. In addition, several compounds, e.g. 18 and 22, were identified as dual GPR18/GPR55 antagonists with similar potency at both targets, and selectivity versus CB receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara T Schoeder
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Maria Kaleta
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andhika B Mahardhika
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Olejarz-Maciej
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
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14
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Angerer V, Mogler L, Steitz JP, Bisel P, Hess C, Schoeder CT, Müller CE, Huppertz LM, Westphal F, Schäper J, Auwärter V. Structural characterization and pharmacological evaluation of the new synthetic cannabinoid CUMYL-PEGACLONE. Drug Test Anal 2017; 10:597-603. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Angerer
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Toxicology; Medical Center - University of Freiburg; Germany
- Hermann Staudinger Graduate School; University of Freiburg; Germany
| | - Lukas Mogler
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Toxicology; Medical Center - University of Freiburg; Germany
- Hermann Staudinger Graduate School; University of Freiburg; Germany
| | | | - Philippe Bisel
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Freiburg; Germany
| | - Cornelius Hess
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Toxicology; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Clara T. Schoeder
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Christa E. Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I; University of Bonn; Germany
| | - Laura M. Huppertz
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Toxicology; Medical Center - University of Freiburg; Germany
| | - Folker Westphal
- State Bureau of Criminal Investigation Schleswig-Holstein; Kiel Germany
| | - Jan Schäper
- State Bureau of Criminal Investigation Bavaria; München Germany
| | - Volker Auwärter
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Toxicology; Medical Center - University of Freiburg; Germany
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15
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Recent advances (2015-2016) in anticancer hybrids. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:179-212. [PMID: 28760313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In spite of the development of a large number of novel anticancer drugs over the years, Cancer remains as a prominent cause of death, worldwide. Numerous drugs that are currently in clinical practice have developed multidrug resistance along with fatal side effects. Therefore, the utilization of single-target therapy is incapable of providing an effective control on the malignant process. Molecular hybridization, involving a combination of two or more pharmacophores of bioactive scaffolds to generate a single molecular architecture with improved affinity and activity, in comparison to their parent molecules, has emerged as a promising strategy in recent drug discovery research. Hybrid anticancer drugs are of great therapeutic interests since they can potentially overcome most of the pharmacokinetic drawbacks encountered with conventional anticancer drugs. Strategically, the design of anticancer drugs involved the blending or linking of an anticancer drug with another anticancer drug or a carrier molecule which can efficiently target cancer cells with improved biological potential. Major advantages of hybrid anticancer drugs involved increased specificity, better patient compliance, and lower side effects along with reduction in chemo-resistance. The successful utilization of this technique in design and synthesis of novel anticancer hybrids has been well illustrated and documented in the literature. The purpose of the present review article will be to provide an emphasis on the recent developments (2015-16) in anticancer hybrids with insights into their structure-activity relationship (SAR) and mechanism of action.
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16
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Synthesis of benzo[f]coumarins from 2-trifluoroacetyl-1H-benzo[f]chromenes and 2-naphthols. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-017-2001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Schmidt B, Wolf F, Ehlert C. Systematic Investigation into the Matsuda–Heck Reaction of α-Methylene Lactones: How Conformational Constraints Direct the β-H-Elimination Step. J Org Chem 2016; 81:11235-11249. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Schmidt
- Universitaet Potsdam, Institut fuer Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Felix Wolf
- Universitaet Potsdam, Institut fuer Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Christopher Ehlert
- Universitaet Potsdam, Institut fuer Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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18
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Hess C, Schoeder CT, Pillaiyar T, Madea B, Müller CE. Pharmacological evaluation of synthetic cannabinoids identified as constituents of spice. Forensic Toxicol 2016; 34:329-343. [PMID: 27429655 PMCID: PMC4929166 DOI: 10.1007/s11419-016-0320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, many synthetic cannabinoid (CB) receptor agonists have appeared on the market as constituents of herbal incense mixtures known as "spice". Contrary to the declared use, they are perorally consumed as a replacement for marijuana to get "high". In many cases, detailed information on the physicochemical and pharmacological properties of the synthetic compounds found in spice preparations is lacking. We have now evaluated a large series of heterocyclic compounds, 1,3-disubstituted indole and 2-azaindole derivatives known or assumed to be CB1 receptor agonists, many of which have previously been identified in forensic samples. The mainly observed structural variations to circumvent restriction by law were bioisosteric exchanges of functional groups in known CB1 agonists. We analyzed the structure-activity relationships of compounds at human CB1 and CB2 receptors based on affinities obtained in radioligand binding studies, and determined their efficacy in cAMP accumulation assays. Moreover, we investigated the activities of the compounds at the orphan G protein-coupled receptors GPR18 and GPR55 both of which are known to interact with cannabinoids. Most of the investigated compounds behaved as potent full agonists of CB1 and CB2 receptors with affinities in the low nanomolar to subnanomolar concentration range. Some compounds were moderately potent GPR55 antagonists, while none interacted with GPR18. Most derivatives were predicted to cross the blood-brain barrier as determined by bioinformatics tools. These data are useful for assessing synthetic cannabinoids and will be helpful for predicting pharmacological properties of novel compounds that appear on the illicit drug market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius Hess
- Department Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University Hospital of Bonn, Stiftsplatz 12, 53111 Bonn, Germany
| | - Clara T Schoeder
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany.,Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Thanigaimalai Pillaiyar
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Burkhard Madea
- Department Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University Hospital of Bonn, Stiftsplatz 12, 53111 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany.,Research Training Group 1873, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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19
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Tejedor D, Cotos L, Márquez-Arce D, Odriozola-Gimeno M, Torrent-Sucarrat M, Cossío FP, García-Tellado F. Microwave-Assisted Organocatalyzed Rearrangement of Propargyl Vinyl Ethers to Salicylaldehyde Derivatives: An Experimental and Theoretical Study. Chemistry 2015; 21:18280-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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20
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Design, syntheses, structure–activity relationships and docking studies of coumarin derivatives as novel selective ligands for the CB2 receptor. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 93:16-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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21
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Synthesis and anticancer activity of some 8-substituted-7-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one derivatives toward hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 90:221-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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23
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Prospective therapeutic agents for obesity: Molecular modification approaches of centrally and peripherally acting selective cannabinoid 1 receptor antagonists. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 79:298-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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24
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Mertens MD, Hinz S, Müller CE, Gütschow M. Alkynyl–coumarinyl ethers as MAO-B inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:1916-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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25
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Rempel V, Atzler K, Behrenswerth A, Karcz T, Schoeder C, Hinz S, Kaleta M, Thimm D, Kiec-Kononowicz K, Müller CE. Bicyclic imidazole-4-one derivatives: a new class of antagonists for the orphan G protein-coupled receptors GPR18 and GPR55. MEDCHEMCOMM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00394a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
GPR18 and GPR55 are orphan G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that interact with certain cannabinoid (CB) receptor ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Rempel
- PharmaCenter Bonn
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - K. Atzler
- PharmaCenter Bonn
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - A. Behrenswerth
- PharmaCenter Bonn
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - T. Karcz
- PharmaCenter Bonn
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs
| | - C. Schoeder
- PharmaCenter Bonn
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - S. Hinz
- PharmaCenter Bonn
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - M. Kaleta
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs
- Jagiellonian University Medical College
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Kraków, Poland
| | - D. Thimm
- PharmaCenter Bonn
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - K. Kiec-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs
- Jagiellonian University Medical College
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Kraków, Poland
| | - C. E. Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn
- Pharmaceutical Institute
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I
- D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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26
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Chen P, Li Y, Chen X, An Z, Xu Y, He X. One-Pot Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Benzopyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-3-one Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
| | - Xinbing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongwei An
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
- Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute; Xi'an 710065 People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
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27
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Tejedor D, Cotos L, García-Tellado F. Coupled Domino Processes: Synthesis of 3,5,8-Trisubstituted Coumarins from Propargyl Vinyl Ethers. J Org Chem 2013; 78:8853-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401202z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Tejedor
- Instituto
de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Astrofísico
Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna,
Tenerife, Spain
| | - Leandro Cotos
- Instituto
de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Astrofísico
Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna,
Tenerife, Spain
| | - Fernando García-Tellado
- Instituto
de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Astrofísico
Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna,
Tenerife, Spain
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28
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Rempel V, Volz N, Gläser F, Nieger M, Bräse S, Müller CE. Antagonists for the Orphan G-Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR55 Based on a Coumarin Scaffold. J Med Chem 2013; 56:4798-810. [DOI: 10.1021/jm4005175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Rempel
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute,
Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicole Volz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131
Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Franziska Gläser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131
Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Laboratory of Inorganic
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, A.I.Virtasen Aukio 1, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, D-76131
Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute
of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen,
Germany
| | - Christa E. Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute,
Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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29
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Synthesis of 3-arylcoumarins through N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed condensation and annulation of 2-chloro-2-arylacetaldehydes with salicylaldehydes. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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30
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Valente S, Xu Z, Bana E, Zwergel C, Mai A, Jacob C, Meiser P, Bagrel D, Silva AMS, Kirsch G. Reactivity of 4-Vinyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ones in Diels-Alder Cycloaddition Reactions: Access to Coumarin-Based Polycycles with Cdc25 Phosphatase-Inhibiting Activity. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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31
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Rempel V, Fuchs A, Hinz S, Karcz T, Lehr M, Koetter U, Müller CE. Magnolia Extract, Magnolol, and Metabolites: Activation of Cannabinoid CB2 Receptors and Blockade of the Related GPR55. ACS Med Chem Lett 2013; 4:41-5. [PMID: 24900561 DOI: 10.1021/ml300235q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The bark of Magnolia officinalis is used in Asian traditional medicine for the treatment of anxiety, sleeping disorders, and allergic diseases. We found that the extract and its main bioactive constituents, magnolol and honokiol, can activate cannabinoid (CB) receptors. In cAMP accumulation studies, magnolol behaved as a partial agonist (EC50 = 3.28 μM) with selectivity for the CB2 subtype, while honokiol was less potent showing full agonistic activity at CB1 and antagonistic properties at CB2. We subsequently synthesized the major metabolites of magnolol and found that tetrahydromagnolol (7) was 19-fold more potent than magnolol (EC50 CB2 = 0.170 μM) exhibiting high selectivity versus CB1. Additionally, 7 behaved as an antagonist at GPR55, a CB-related orphan receptor (K B = 13.3 μM, β-arrestin translocation assay). Magnolol and its metabolites may contribute to the biological activities of Magnolia extract via the observed mechanisms of action. Furthermore, the biphenylic compound magnolol provides a simple novel lead structure for the development of agonists for CB receptors and antagonists for the related GPR55.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Rempel
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Fuchs
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sonja Hinz
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Lehr
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Hittorfstrasse 58-62,
D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Uwe Koetter
- CH-8592 Uttwil, Oberdorfstrasse 14, Switzerland
| | - Christa E. Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical
Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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32
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Rempel V, Volz N, Hinz S, Karcz T, Meliciani I, Nieger M, Wenzel W, Bräse S, Müller CE. 7-Alkyl-3-benzylcoumarins: a versatile scaffold for the development of potent and selective cannabinoid receptor agonists and antagonists. J Med Chem 2012; 55:7967-77. [PMID: 22916707 DOI: 10.1021/jm3008213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of 7-alkyl-3-benzylcoumarins was designed, synthesized, and tested at cannabinoid CB(1) and CB(2) receptors in radioligand binding and cAMP accumulation studies. 7-Alkyl-3-benzylcoumarins were found to constitute a versatile scaffold for obtaining potent CB receptor ligands with high potency at either CB(1) or CB(2) and a broad spectrum of efficacies. Fine-tuning of compound properties was achieved by small modifications of the substitution pattern. The most potent compounds of the present series include 5-methoxy-3-(2-methylbenzyl)-7-pentyl-2H-chromen-2-one (19a, PSB-SB-1201), a selective CB(1)antagonist (K(i) CB(1) 0.022 μM), 5-methoxy-3-(2-methoxybenzyl)-7-pentyl-2H-chromen-2-one (21a, PSB-SB-1202), a dual CB(1)/CB(2)agonist (CB(1)K(i) 0.032 μM, EC(50) 0.056 μM; CB(2)K(i) 0.049 μM, EC(50) 0.014 μM), 5-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-7-(2-methyloct-2-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one (25b, PSB-SB-1203), a dual CB(1)/CB(2) ligand that blocks CB(1) but activates CB(2) receptors (CB(1)K(i) 0.244 μM; CB(2)K(i) 0.210 μM, EC(50) 0.054 μM), and 7-(1-butylcyclopentyl)-5-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-2H-chromen-2-one (27b, PSB-SB-1204), a selective CB(2) receptor agonist (CB(1)K(i) 1.59 μM; CB(2)K(i) 0.068 μM, EC(50) 0.048 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Rempel
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, Pharmaceutical Institute, PharmaCenter Bonn, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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Li S, Ma S. Quadri‐Synergetic Effect for Highly Effective Carbon Dioxide Fixation and Its Application to Indoloquinolinone. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China, Fax: (+86)‐21‐6260‐9305
| | - Shengming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China, Fax: (+86)‐21‐6260‐9305
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Lu, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
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34
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Jiang Y, Chen W, Lu W. N-Heterocyclic carbene catalyzed conjugate umpolung reactions leading to coumarin derivatives. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ra00916h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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35
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Pavan MP, Reddy MN, Kumar NNB, Swamy KCK. Base catalysed synthesis of thiochromans and azo-linked chromenes using allenylphosphonates. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:8113-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26285a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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36
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El Azab IH, Abd El Latif FMAEL. A Simple and Convenient Synthesis of Isolated-Fused Heterocycles Based on: 2-Imino-<i>N</i>-phenyl-2<i>H</i>-chromene-3-carboxamide. OPEN JOURNAL OF SYNTHESIS THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 2012; 01:44-57. [DOI: 10.4236/ojsta.2012.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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37
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Coumarin polysulfides inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in HCT116 colon cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 20:1584-93. [PMID: 22264758 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Coumarins and coumarin derivatives as well as diallyl polysulfides are well known as anticancer drugs. In order to find new drugs with anticancer activities, we combined coumarins with polysulfides in the form of di-coumarin polysulfides. These novel compounds were tested in the HCT116 colorectal cancer cell line. It turned out that they reduced cell viability of cancer cells in a time and concentration dependent manner. Cells tested with these coumarin polysulfides accumulate in the G(2)/M phase of the cell cycle and finally they go into apoptosis. A decrease in bcl-2 level, and increase in the level of bax, cytochrome c release into the cytosol, cleavage of caspase 3/7and PARP suggested that coumarin polysulfides induced the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Comparison of these new coumarin compounds with the well known diallyl polysulfides revealed that the coumarin disulfides were more active than the corresponding diallyl disulfides. The activities of the coumarin tetrasulfides and the corresponding diallyl tetrasulfides are similar. The novel coumarin compounds regulated the phosphatase activity of the cell cycle regulating cdc25 family members, indicating that these phosphatases are implicated in the induction of cell cycle arrest and possibly in apoptosis induction as well. In addition, coumarin polysulfides also down-regulated the level of cdc25C, which also contributed to the arrest in the G(2)-phase of the cell cycle.
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38
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Elsebai MF, Rempel V, Schnakenburg G, Kehraus S, Müller CE, König GM. Identification of a Potent and Selective Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Antagonist from Auxarthron reticulatum. ACS Med Chem Lett 2011; 2:866-9. [PMID: 24900275 DOI: 10.1021/ml200183z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungus Auxarthron reticulatum derived from the marine sponge Ircinia variabilis produced the diketopiperazine alkaloid amauromine (1) and the quinolinone methyl-penicinoline (2). Compound 2 is identical to the reported methyl-marinamide, whose structure is herewith revised. In radioligand binding studies at human cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors recombinantly expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, amauromine (1) was found to exhibit high affinity and selectivity for the CB1 receptor (K i = 178 nM). The compound was shown to be a neutral CB1 antagonist with a K b value of 66.6 nM determined in cAMP assays. Compound 2 exhibited only weak or no effects at CB receptors. To the best of our knowledge, compound 1 is the first fungal natural product that shows affinity for cannabinoid CB1 receptors. Because of its high antagonistic potency and selectivity, it may have potential for use as a drug and/or serve as a lead structure for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Fahmi Elsebai
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Viktor Rempel
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of X-ray Crystallography, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Kehraus
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E. Müller
- Pharma Center Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriele M. König
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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39
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Amin KM, Awadalla FM, Eissa AA, Abou-Seri SM, Hassan GS. Design, synthesis and vasorelaxant evaluation of novel coumarin–pyrimidine hybrids. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:6087-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Revised: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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40
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Nair V, Sinu CR, Rejithamol R, Seetha Lakshmi KC, Suresh E. A novel NHC-catalyzed transformation of 2H-chromene-3-carboxaldehydes to 3-methyl-2H-chromen-2-ones. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:5511-4. [PMID: 21687841 DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05325f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An unexpected transformation of 2H-chromene-3-carboxaldehydes to coumarin derivatives, mediated by NHC, is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Nair
- Organic Chemistry Section, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR), Trivandrum, 695 019, India.
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41
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Samet АV, Lutov DN, Firgang SI, Lyssenko KA, Semenov VV. A concise approach to chiral chromenes based on levoglucosenone. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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42
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2-Aryl-1,9-dihydrochromeno[3,2-d]imidazoles: a facile synthesis from salicylaldehydes and arylideneaminoacetonitrile. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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43
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Liu Y, Qian J, Lou S, Zhu J, Xu Z. Gold(III)-Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of Ketones with Phenols: Efficient and Highly Selective Synthesis of Functionalized 4H-Chromenes. J Org Chem 2010; 75:1309-12. [DOI: 10.1021/jo902619x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Repubilc of China
| | - Jianqiang Qian
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Repubilc of China
| | - Shaojie Lou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Repubilc of China
| | - Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Repubilc of China
| | - Zhenyuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People’s Repubilc of China
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