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Feng L, Hu W, Zeng X, Wei Z, Long Y, Li M, Sun S, Guo Z, Lan X, Zhang X, Zhuang R, Jiang D. Development and Evaluation of DOTA-FAPI-Maleimide as a Novel Radiotracer for Tumor Theranostic with Extended Circulation. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:4386-4394. [PMID: 39046432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate a novel albumin-binding strategy for addressing the challenge of insufficient tumor retention of fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPIs). Maleimide, a molecule capable of covalent binding to free thiol groups, was modified to conjugate with FAPI-04 in order to enhance its binding to endogenous albumin, resulting in an extended blood circulation half-life and increased tumor uptake. DOTA-FAPI-maleimide was prepared and radiolabeled with Ga-68 and Lu-177, followed by cellular assays, pharmacokinetic analysis, PET/CT, and SPECT/CT imaging to assess the probe distribution in various tumor-bearing models. Radiolabeling of the modified probe was successfully achieved with a radiochemical yield of over 99% and remained stable for 144 h. Cellular assays showed that the ligand concentration required for 50% inhibition of the probe was 1.20 ± 0.31 nM, and the Kd was 0.70 ± 0.07 nM with a Bmax of 7.94 ± 0.16 fmol/cell, indicative of higher specificity and affinity of DOTA-FAPI-maleimide compared to other FAPI-04 variants. In addition, DOTA-FAPI-maleimide exhibited a persistent blood clearance half-life of 7.11 ± 0.34 h. PET/CT images showed a tumor uptake of 2.20 ± 0.44%ID/g at 0.5 h p.i., with a tumor/muscle ratio of 5.64 in HT-1080-FAP tumor-bearing models. SPECT/CT images demonstrated long-lasting tumor retention. At 24 h p.i., the tumor uptake of [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-FAPI-maleimide reached 5.04 ± 1.67%ID/g, with stable tumor retention of 3.40 ± 1.95%ID/g after 4 days p.i. In conclusion, we developed and evaluated the thiol group-attaching strategy, which significantly extended the circulation and tumor retention of the adapted FAPI tracer. We envision its potential application for clinical cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Feng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-116 Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wenzhu Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xinying Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-116 Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Long
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Mengting Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhide Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-116 Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-116 Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Rongqiang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-116 Xiang'An South Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dawei Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan 430022, China
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Feng L, Fang J, Zeng X, Liu H, Zhang J, Huang L, Guo Z, Zhuang R, Zhang X. 68Ga-Labeled Maleimide for Blood Pool and Lymph PET Imaging through Covalent Bonding to Serum Albumin In Vivo. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:28597-28604. [PMID: 35990434 PMCID: PMC9386703 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to develop a novel 68Ga-labeled tracer, which can covalently bind to albumin in vivo based on the maleimide-thiol strategy, and to evaluate its potential applications using positron emission tomography (PET). 68Ga-labeled maleimide-monoamide-DOTA (denoted as [68Ga]Ga-DM) was prepared conveniently with a high radiochemical yield (>90%) and radiochemical purity (>99%). Its molar activity was calculated as 249.60 ± 68.50 GBq/μmol, and the octanol-water partition coefficient (LogP) was -3.15 ± 0.08 with good stabilities. In vitro experiments showed that [68Ga]Ga-DM can bind to albumin efficiently and rapidly, with a binding fraction of over 70%. High uptake and excellent retention in blood were observed with a long half-life (t 1/2Z) of 190.15 ± 24.14 min, which makes it possible for blood pool PET imaging with high contrast. The transient micro-bleeding in the rat model was detected successfully with PET imaging. In addition, the uptakes of [68Ga]Ga-DM in the inflammatory popliteal lymph nodes depend on the severity (5.90% ID/g and 2.32% ID/g vs 1.01% ID/g for healthy lymph nodes at 0.5 h post-injection) indicating its feasibility for lymphatic imaging. In conclusion, a novel 68Ga-labeled tracer was prepared with high efficiency and yield in mild conditions. Based on the promising properties of bonding covalently to albumin, great stability, high blood contrast with a long half-life, and well environmental tolerance, [68Ga]Ga-DM could be developed as a potential tracer for PET imaging of blood pool, bleeding, and vascular permeability alteration diseases in the clinic.
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18F-labeled estradiol derivative for targeting estrogen receptor-expressing breast cancer. Nucl Med Biol 2018; 59:48-55. [PMID: 29466767 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A novel radiotracer 1‑(2‑(2‑(2‑[18F]fluoroethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)‑1H‑1,2,3‑triazole‑estradiol ([18F]FETE) was successfully synthesized, characterized and evaluated in mice for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer targeting with positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. METHODS The tosylate precursor 3 was radiolabeled with 18F and then reacted with 17α‑ethinyl‑estradiol to produce the final [18F]FETE. The physicochemical properties of [18F]FETE were tested in vitro, including determination of the octanol/water partition coefficient, stability and cellular uptake in MCF-7 (ER-positive) and MDA-MB-231 (ER-negative) cells. An ex vivo biodistribution study was performed in normal Sprague Dawley rats, and in vivo microPET imaging was performed on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 tumor-bearing mice. The results of biodistribution and PET imaging of [18F]FETE were compared with that of known 16α‑[18F]fuoro‑17β‑estradiol ([18F]FES). Radiation dose estimates for [18F]FETE were also analyzed. RESULTS [18F]FETE was obtained in high radiochemical yield (46.59 ± 8.06%) with high radiochemical purity (>99%) after HPLC purification and high molar activity (15.45 ± 3.15 GBq/μmol). [18F]FETE is a moderate lipophilic compound with good in vitro stability and the total synthesis time was 55 to 65 min. In biodistribution studies, [18F]FETE showed high uptake in the ER-abundant uterine tissue of normal immature SD rats (8.55 ± 1.21 and 6.83 ± 1.70%ID/g at 1 h after intravenous and intraperitoneal injection, respectively), and could be blocked with estradiol effectively (the uterus uptake was decreased to 0.63 ± 0.35%ID/g at 1 h after iv injection). MicroPET imaging of tumor-bearing mice with [18F]FETE at 1 h after iv injection revealed considerable uptake in ER-positive MCF-7 tumors (4.63 ± 0.73%ID/g) that could be inhibited (1.47 ± 0.29%ID/g) and low uptake in ER-negative MDA-MB-231 tumors (1.97 ± 0.36%ID/g). [18F]FES has relatively low uptake in ER-positive tumor (0.24 ± 0.19%ID/g) when compared with [18F]FETE. The adult female effective radiation dose of [18F]FETE in mice was estimated as 0.0022 mSv/MBq. CONCLUSIONS A novel 17α‑ethinyl‑estradiol-based ER probe [18F]FETE was developed with high molar activity and good in vitro stability. Based on the results of bio-evaluation in normal immature rats and tumor-bearing mice, it might be a promising candidate for specific PET imaging of ER-positive breast cancer.
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Bhusari AM, Lakshminarayanan N, Pawar YP, Moghe SH, Rajan MGR, Degani MS. Radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of [ 18F] 4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-2 H-chromen-2-one as a novel myocardial perfusion imaging agent. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2016-2695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Recently we developed [18F] 4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-2H-chromen-2-one as a novel 18F myocardial perfusion imaging radiotracer. It was synthesized in good radiochemical yield (>90%). The total time from radiosynthesis to its purification was less than 40 min, with excellent radiochemical purity (≥99%). It showed good stability over a period of 5 h at room temperature. The partition coefficient (log P) of radiotracer was found to be 2.70, suggesting the lipophilic nature of radiotracer. Ex vivo biodistribution study of radiotracer in normal Wistar rats for 30 min post-injection, demonstrated a good heart uptake (>1.3% ID/g) and favorable pharmacokinetics. Additionally, the radiotracer showed significant excretion (>11% ID) by liver, which is indicative of its rapid clearance. Further, in vivo biodistribution study of radiotracer in New Zealand White rabbit provided the clear PET/CT images of cardiomyocytes and myocardial perfusion. All these experimental findings suggest that [18F] 4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-2H-chromen-2-one could be used as a potential hit for myocardial perfusion imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun M. Bhusari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology , Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga (E) , Mumbai 400019 , India
| | - N. Lakshminarayanan
- Radiation Medicine Center, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Tata Memorial Centre, Annex Building, Parel , Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra , India
| | - Yogita P. Pawar
- Radiation Medicine Center, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Tata Memorial Centre, Annex Building, Parel , Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra , India
| | - Surendra H. Moghe
- Radiation Medicine Center, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Tata Memorial Centre, Annex Building, Parel , Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra , India
| | - M. G. R. Rajan
- Radiation Medicine Center, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Tata Memorial Centre, Annex Building, Parel , Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra , India
| | - Mariam S. Degani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology , Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga (E) , Mumbai 400 019 , India , Tel.: +91-22-233612201; Fax: +91-22-33611020, E-mail:
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Abstract
The present study aimed to discuss the role of mitochondrion in cardiac function and disease. The mitochondrion plays a fundamental role in cellular processes ranging from metabolism to apoptosis. The mitochondrial-targeted molecular imaging could potentially illustrate changes in global and regional cardiac dysfunction. The collective changes that occur in mitochondrial-targeted molecular imaging probes have been widely explored and developed. As probes currently used in the preclinical setting still have a lot of shortcomings, the development of myocardial metabolic activity, viability, perfusion, and blood flow molecular imaging probes holds great potential for accurately evaluating the myocardial viability and functional reserve. The advantages of molecular imaging provide a perspective on investigating the mitochondrial function of the myocardium in vivo noninvasively and quantitatively. The molecular imaging tracers of single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography could give more detailed information on myocardial metabolism and restoration. In this study, series mitochondrial-targeted 99mTc-, 123I-, and 18F-labeled tracers displayed broad applications because they could provide a direct link between mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac disease.
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Research Progress on 18F-Labeled Agents for Imaging of Myocardial Perfusion with Positron Emission Tomography. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040562. [PMID: 28358340 PMCID: PMC6154634 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in the world. Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) plays a significant role in non-invasive diagnosis and prognosis of CAD. However, neither single-photon emission computed tomography nor positron emission tomography clinical MPI agents can absolutely satisfy the demands of clinical practice. In the past decades, tremendous developments happened in the field of 18F-labeled MPI tracers. This review summarizes the current state of 18F-labeled MPI tracers, basic research data of those tracers, and the future direction of MPI tracer research.
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Mou T, Zhao Z, You L, Li Y, Wang Q, Fang W, Lu J, Peng C, Zhang X. Synthesis and Evaluation of (18)F-labeled Pyridaben Analogues for Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in Mice, Rats and Chinese mini-swine. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33450. [PMID: 27646847 PMCID: PMC5028837 DOI: 10.1038/srep33450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports three novel 18F-labeled pyridaben analogues for potential myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). Three precursors and the corresponding nonradioactive compounds were synthesized and characterized. The radiolabeled tracers were obtained by substituting tosyl with 18F. The total radiosynthesis time of these tracers was 70–90 min. Typical decay-corrected radiochemical yields were 47–58%, with high radiochemical purities (>98%). Tracers were evaluated as MPI agents in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. In the mouse biodistribution study, all three radiotracers showed high initial heart uptake (34–54% ID/g at 2 min after injection) and fast liver clearance. In the microPET imaging study, [18F]Fmpp2 produced heart images with good quality in both mice and rats. In the whole-body PET/CT images of mini-swine, [18F]Fmpp2 showed excellent initial heart standardized uptake value (SUV) (7.12 at 5 min p.i.) and good retention (5.75 at 120 min p.i.). The heart/liver SUV ratios were 4.12, 5.42 and 5.99 at 30, 60 and 120 min after injection, respectively. The favorable biological properties of [18F]Fmpp2 suggest that it is worth further investigation as a potential MPI agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Mou
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zuoquan Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute and Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Linyi You
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yesen Li
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute and Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- PET Center, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Mou T, Zhao Z, You L, Wang Q, Fang W, Lu J, Peng C, Zhang X. Synthesis and bioevaluation of 4-chloro-2-tert-butyl-5-[2-[[1-[2-[(18) F]fluroethyl]-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]methyl]phenylmethoxy]-3(2H)-pyridazinone as potential myocardial perfusion imaging agent with PET. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2015; 58:349-54. [PMID: 26094722 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the synthesis and characterization of 4-chloro-2-tert-butyl-5-[2-[[1-[2-[(18) F]fluroethyl]-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]methyl]phenylmethoxy]-3(2H)-pyridazinone ([(18) F]Fmp2) for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). The tosylate precursor and non-radioactive compound [(19) F]Fmp2 were synthesized and characterized by infrared, (1) H-NMR, (13) C-NMR, and mass spectra (MS). The radiotracer [(18) F]Fmp2 was obtained by one-step nucleophilic substitution of tosyl with (18) F, and evaluated as an MPI agent in vitro and in vivo. Starting from [(18) F]KF/K222 solution, the typical decay-corrected radiochemical yield (RCY) was 38 ± 8.8% with high radiochemical purity (>98%). The specific activity was calculated as 10 GBq/µmol at the end of synthesis determined by HPLC analysis. In the mice biodistribution, [(18) F]Fmp2 showed very high initial heart uptake (53.35 ± 5.47 %ID/g at 2 min after injection) and remarkable retention. The heart/liver, heart/lung, and heart/blood ratios were 7.98, 8.20, and 53.13, respectively at 2 min post-injection. In the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging study of Chinese mini-swine, the standardized uptake value of the liver decreased modestly during the 2 h post-injection, while the heart uptake and heart/liver ratios continued to increase with time. [(18) F]Fmp2 exhibited good stability, high heart uptake and low lung uptake in mice and Chinese mini-swine. It may be worthy of further modification to improve liver clearance for MPI in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Mou
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zuoquan Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute and Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Linyi You
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute and Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- PET Center, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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Bartholomä MD, Zhang S, Akurathi V, Pacak CA, Dunning P, Fahey FH, Cowan DB, Treves ST, Packard AB. (18)F-labeled rhodamines as potential myocardial perfusion agents: comparison of pharmacokinetic properties of several rhodamines. Nucl Med Biol 2015. [PMID: 26205075 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We recently reported the development of the [(18)F]fluorodiethylene glycol ester of rhodamine B as a potential positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). This compound was developed by optimizing the ester moiety on the rhodamine B core, and its pharmacokinetic properties were found to be superior to those of the prototype ethyl ester. The goal of the present study was to optimize the rhodamine core while retaining the fluorodiethyleneglycol ester prosthetic group. METHODS A series of different rhodamine cores (rhodamine 6G, rhodamine 101, and tetramethylrhodamine) were labeled with (18)F using the corresponding rhodamine lactones as the precursors and [(18)F]fluorodiethylene glycol ester as the prosthetic group. The compounds were purified by semipreparative HPLC, and their biodistribution was measured in rats. Additionally, the uptake of the compounds was evaluated in isolated rat cardiomyocytes. RESULTS As was the case with the different prosthetic groups, we found that the rhodamine core has a significant effect on the in vitro and in vivo properties of this series of compounds. Of the rhodamines evaluated to date, the pharmacologic properties of the (18)F-labeled diethylene glycol ester of rhodamine 6G are superior to those of the (18)F-labeled diethylene glycol esters of rhodamine B, rhodamine 101, and tetramethylrhodamine. As with (18)F-labeled rhodamine B, [(18)F]rhodamine 6G was observed to localize in the mitochondria of isolated rat cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, the (18)F-labeled diethylene glycol ester of rhodamine 6G is the most promising potential PET MPI radiopharmaceutical of those that have evaluated to date, and we are now preparing to carry out first-in-human clinical studies with this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Bartholomä
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Shaohui Zhang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Vamsidhar Akurathi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Christina A Pacak
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Patricia Dunning
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Frederic H Fahey
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Douglas B Cowan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - S Ted Treves
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alan B Packard
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Van Audenhaege K, Vanhove C, Vandenberghe S, Van Holen R. The evaluation of data completeness and image quality in multiplexing multi-pinhole SPECT. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2015; 34:474-486. [PMID: 25291791 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2014.2361051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Multi-pinhole collimators are often used in pre-clinical SPECT systems because they have a better resolution-sensitivity tradeoff than parallel hole collimators when imaging small objects. Most multi-pinhole collimators are designed to allow no or only a limited amount of overlap between the different pinhole projections because the ambiguity introduced by multiplexing pinholes can result in artifacts. The origin of these artifacts is still not fully understood, but previous research has already shown that data incompleteness could be part of the explanation. Therefore, we developed a method to investigate data completeness in multiplexing multi-pinhole systems and showed that a certain activity distribution can be successfully reconstructed when the nonmultiplexed data is complete or when the overlap can be sufficiently de-multiplexed. We validated this method using computer simulated phantom data of different multiplexing systems. We also studied contrast-to-noise and nonprewhitening matched filter signal-to-noise ratio (NPW-SNR) to compare the image quality in a single pinhole system with multiplexing systems. We found that our method can indeed be used to evaluate data completeness in multiplexing systems and found no artifacts in the systems that had complete data. Sensitivity increased significantly with multiplexing but we found only small, nonsignificant differences in contrast-to-noise ratio. However, the NPW-SNR did slightly improve in the multiplexing setups. We conclude that more multiplexing does not necessarily result in more artifacts and that even a high amount of multiplexing can still result in artifact-free images if the nonmultiplexed data is complete or when the overlap can be sufficiently de-multiplexed.
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Mou T, Zhao Z, Zhang P, Fang W, Peng C, Lu J, Wang Q, Ma Y, Zhang X. Synthesis and Bio-Evaluation of New18F-Labeled Pyridaben Analogs with Improved Stability for Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in Mice. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:351-61. [PMID: 25529021 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Mou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Beijing Anzhen Hospital; Capital Medical University; Beijing 100029 China
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 China
| | - Zuoquan Zhao
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; School of Public Health; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361102 China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing 100037 China
| | - Pu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 China
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; School of Public Health; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Wei Fang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing 100037 China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Beijing PET Center of Xuanwu Hospital; Capital Medical University; Beijing 100053 China
| | - Jie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals; Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Beijing Normal University; Beijing 100875 China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Beijing Anzhen Hospital; Capital Medical University; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Yunchuan Ma
- Beijing PET Center of Xuanwu Hospital; Capital Medical University; Beijing 100053 China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; School of Public Health; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361102 China
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Advanced tracers in PET imaging of cardiovascular disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:504532. [PMID: 25389529 PMCID: PMC4214169 DOI: 10.1155/2014/504532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Molecular imaging with targeted tracers by positron emission tomography (PET) allows for the noninvasive detection and characterization of biological changes at the molecular level, leading to earlier disease detection, objective monitoring of therapies, and better prognostication of cardiovascular diseases progression. Here we review, the current role of PET in cardiovascular disease, with emphasize on tracers developed for PET imaging of cardiovascular diseases.
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Zhao Z, Yu Q, Mou T, Liu C, Yang W, Fang W, Peng C, Lu J, Liu Y, Zhang X. Highly Efficient One-Pot Labeling of New Phosphonium Cations with Fluorine-18 as Potential PET Agents for Myocardial Perfusion Imaging. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:3823-31. [DOI: 10.1021/mp500216g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuoquan Zhao
- Key
Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekou Outer Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Key
Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekou Outer Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Tiantian Mou
- Key
Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekou Outer Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekou Outer Street, Beijing 100875, China
- Center
for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory
of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public
Health, Xiamen University, Xiang’an South Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wenjiang Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute
of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute and FuWai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- PET Center
of Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Key
Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekou Outer Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute
of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- Center
for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory
of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public
Health, Xiamen University, Xiang’an South Road, Xiamen 361102, China
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14
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Wei L, Bensimon C, Yan X, Lockwood J, Gan W, Wells RG, Duan Y, Fernando P, Gottlieb B, Mullett W, Ruddy TD. Characterization of the four isomers of (123)I-CMICE-013: a potential SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging agent. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:2033-44. [PMID: 24630696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is widely used in the assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD). We have developed (123)I-CMICE-013 based on rotenone, a mitochondrial complex I (MC-1) inhibitor, as a promising new MPI agent. Our synthesis results in a mixture of four species of (123)I-CMICE-013 A, B, C, D. In this study, we separated the four species and evaluated their biodistribution and imaging properties. The cold analogs (127)I-CMICE-013 A, B, C, D were isolated and characterized and their chemical structures proposed. METHODS (123)I-CMICE-013 was synthesized by radiolabeling rotenone with Na(123)I in trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) with iodogen as the oxidizing agent at 60°C for 45min, and the four species were separated by RP-HPLC. The cold analogs (127)I-CMICE-013 A, B, C and D were isolated with a similar procedure and characterized by NMR and mass spectrometry. Biodistribution and microSPECT imaging studies were carried out on normal rats. RESULTS We propose the mechanism of the rotenone iodination and the structures of the four species. First, I(+) forms an intermediate three-membered ring with 6' and 7' carbons. Second, the lone electron pair of the water molecule attacks the 6' or 7'-carbon, following by the formation of 6'-OH, and 7'-I bonds as in major products C and D, or 6'-I and 7'-OH bonds as in minor products A and B. The weaker 6'-I bond in the intermediate prompts the nucleophilic attachment of water at the favorable 6'-carbon to generate C and D. MicroSPECT images of (123)I-CMICE-013 A, B, C, D in rats showed clear visualization of myocardium and little interference from lung and liver. The imaging time activity curves and biodistribution data showed complex profiles for the four isomers, which is not expected from the structure activity relationship theory. CONCLUSION (123/127)I-CMICE-013 A and B are constitutional isomers with C and D, while A and C are diastereomers of B and D, respectively. Overall, the biological characteristics of the four species are not correlated perfectly with their molecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Wei
- Nordion Inc., 447 March Road, Ottawa, ON K2K 1X8, Canada; Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada; Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), Nordion Lab/University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada.
| | | | - Xuxu Yan
- Nordion Inc., 447 March Road, Ottawa, ON K2K 1X8, Canada
| | - Julia Lockwood
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada; Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), Nordion Lab/University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Wei Gan
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada; Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), Nordion Lab/University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - R Glenn Wells
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada; Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), Nordion Lab/University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Yin Duan
- Nordion Inc., 447 March Road, Ottawa, ON K2K 1X8, Canada; Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), Nordion Lab/University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Pasan Fernando
- Nordion Inc., 447 March Road, Ottawa, ON K2K 1X8, Canada; Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada; Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), Nordion Lab/University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Bram Gottlieb
- Nordion Inc., 447 March Road, Ottawa, ON K2K 1X8, Canada
| | - Wayne Mullett
- Nordion Inc., 447 March Road, Ottawa, ON K2K 1X8, Canada
| | - Terrence D Ruddy
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada; Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), Nordion Lab/University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
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Zhang M, Mou T, Zhao Z, Peng C, Ma Y, Fang W, Zhang X. Synthesis and 18F-labeling of the analogues of Omecamtiv Mecarbil as a potential cardiac myosin imaging agent with PET. Nucl Med Biol 2013; 40:689-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2013.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Wei L, Bensimon C, Lockwood J, Yan X, Fernando P, Glenn Wells R, Duan Y, Chen YX, Russell Redshaw J, Covitz PA, Ruddy TD. Synthesis and characterization of 123I-CMICE-013: A potential SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging agent. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:2903-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.03.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bartholomä MD, Gottumukkala V, Zhang S, Baker A, Dunning P, Fahey FH, Treves ST, Packard AB. Effect of the prosthetic group on the pharmacologic properties of 18F-labeled rhodamine B, a potential myocardial perfusion agent for positron emission tomography (PET). J Med Chem 2012; 55:11004-12. [PMID: 23210516 DOI: 10.1021/jm301453p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We recently reported the development of the 2-[(18)F]fluoroethyl ester of rhodamine B as a potential positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for myocardial perfusion imaging. This compound, which was prepared using a [(18)F]fluoroethyl prosthetic group, has significant uptake in the myocardium in rats but also demonstrates relatively high liver uptake and is rapidly hydrolyzed in vivo in mice. We have now prepared (18)F-labeled rhodamine B using three additional prosthetic groups (propyl, diethylene glycol, and triethylene glycol) and found that the prosthetic group has a significant effect on the in vitro and in vivo properties of these compounds. Of the esters prepared to date, the diethylene glycol ester is superior in terms of in vitro stability and pharmacokinetics. These observations suggest that the prosthetic group plays a significant role in determining the pharmacological properties of (18)F-labeled compounds. They also support the value of continued investigation of (18)F-labeled rhodamines as PET radiopharmaceuticals for myocardial perfusion imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Bartholomä
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Jing H, Mou T, Zhang X. 2-tert-Butyl-4-chloro-5-[4-(2-fluoro-eth-oxy)benz-yloxy]pyridazin-3(2H)-one. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o1707. [PMID: 22719498 PMCID: PMC3379300 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812020491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C17H20ClFN2O3, the dihedral angle between the pyridazine and benzene rings is 41.37 (10)°. In the crystal, there are no significant intermolecular interactions present. The terminal –CH2F group is disordered over two sets of sites with an occupancy ratio of 0.737 (2):0.263 (2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Jing
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekou Outer St, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
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Mou T, Zhao Z, Fang W, Peng C, Guo F, Liu B, Ma Y, Zhang X. Synthesis and Preliminary Evaluation of 18F-Labeled Pyridaben Analogues for Myocardial Perfusion Imaging with PET. J Nucl Med 2012; 53:472-9. [PMID: 22302832 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.111.088096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Mou
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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