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Saeed A, Bashir K, Shah AJ, Qayyum R, Khan T. Antihypertensive Activity in High Salt-Induced Hypertensive Rats and LC-MS/MS-Based Phytochemical Profiling of Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) Leaves. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2791874. [PMID: 35928913 PMCID: PMC9345705 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2791874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Melia azedarach L. leaves have been traditionally used but not scientifically evaluated for antihypertensive activity. The focus of the present work was to carry out the detailed phytochemical profiling and antihypertensive potential of methanolic extract and subsequent fractions of this plant. The tandem mass spectrometry-based phytochemical profiling of M. azedarach extract (Ma.Cr) and fractions was determined in negative ionization mode while molecular networking was executed using the Global Natural Product Social (GNPS) molecular networking platform. This study resulted in the identification of 29 compounds including flavonoid O-glycosides, simple flavonoids, triterpenoidal saponins, and cardenolides as the major constituents. Ma.Cr at the concentration of 300 mg/kg resulted in a fall in blood pressure (BP), i.e., 81.44 ± 2.1 mmHg in high salt-induced hypertensive rats in vivo, in comparison to normotensive group, i.e., 65.36 ± 1.8 mmHg at the same dose. A decrease in blood pressure was observed in anaesthetized normotensive and hypertensive rats treated with extract and various fractions of M. azedarach. A reasonable activity was observed for all fractions except the aqueous fraction. The highest efficacy was shown by the ethyl acetate fraction, i.e., 77.06 ± 3.77 mmHg in normotensive and 88.96 ± 1.3 mmHg in hypertensive anaesthetized rats. Ma.Cr and fractions showed comparatively better efficacy towards hypertensive rats as compared to rats with normal blood pressure. Blood pressure-lowering effects did not change upon prior incubation with atropine. In vitro testing of Ma.Cr and polarity-based fractions resulted in L-NAME sensitive, endothelium-dependent vasodilator effects on aortic tissues. Pretreatment of aorta preparations with Ma.Cr and its fractions also blocked K+-induced precontractions indicating Ca2+ channel blocking activity comparable to verapamil. The extract and polarity-based fractions did not reveal a vasoconstrictor response in spontaneously beating isolated rat aorta. Ma.Cr and fractions when used in atrial preparations resulted in negative inotropic and chronotropic effects. These effects in atrial preparations did not change in the presence of atropine. These effects of extract and fractions explained the antihypertensive potential of M. azedarach and thus provided a scientific basis for its ethnopharmacological use in the treatment of hypertension. Among the constituents observed, flavonoids and flavonoid O-glycosides were previously reported for antihypertensive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Saeed
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Bashir
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Jabbar Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Rahila Qayyum
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
- Gomal Medical College, MTI, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Taous Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
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Shcherbakov KV, Artemyeva MA, Burgart YV, Saloutin VI, Volobueva AS, Misiurina MA, Esaulkova YL, Sinegubova EO, Zarubaev VV. 7-Imidazolyl-substituted 4'-methoxy and 3',4'-dimethoxy-containing polyfluoroflavones as promising antiviral agents. J Fluor Chem 2020; 240:109657. [PMID: 33071313 PMCID: PMC7547832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2020.109657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of the new 2-aryl-4-oxo-4H-polyfluorochromen-3-carboxylates as analogs of natural methoxy-containing flavones. The alternative flavone-5-hydroxyflavone and flavone-coumarin rearrangements of polyfluoroflavones in basic aqueous acetonitrile medium. New 7-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-substituted polyfluorinated flavones and coumarins. Imidazolyl-functionalized flavones as high prospective antiviral agents.
A simple and convenient method for the synthesis of new methyl 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)- and 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-polyfluorochromen-3-carboxylates as analogs of natural methoxy-containing flavones is proposed. As a result of their directed modification under basic conditions, 7-imidazolyl-substituted derivatives were obtained. In aqueous-organic medium under basic conditions, 5,6,7,8-tetrafluoro-3-(methoxycarbonyl)flavones were transformed into 6,8-difluoro-5-hydroxy-7-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3-(methoxycarbonyl)flavones as a result of flavone-5-hydroxyflavone rearrangement, while 6,7,8-trifluorinated analogs underwent a flavone-coumarin rearrangement to give 6,8-difluoro-3-(hydroxyarylidene)-7-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)coumarins under the same conditions. Acid hydrolysis of methyl polyfluoroflavone-3-carboxylates allowed to obtain 2-aryl-4H-polyfluorochromen-4-ones. Evaluation of the antiviral activity of the synthesized compounds against influenza A (H1N1) and Coxsackie B3 viruses showed that 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5,6,8-trifluoro-7-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-4H-chromene-4-one has the most promising properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin V Shcherbakov
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis UD RAS, 22 Kovalevskoy str., Yekaterinburg, 620137, Russian Federation
| | - Mariya A Artemyeva
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis UD RAS, 22 Kovalevskoy str., Yekaterinburg, 620137, Russian Federation
| | - Yanina V Burgart
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis UD RAS, 22 Kovalevskoy str., Yekaterinburg, 620137, Russian Federation
| | - Victor I Saloutin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis UD RAS, 22 Kovalevskoy str., Yekaterinburg, 620137, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandrina S Volobueva
- Institut Pasteur in Saint-Petersburg for Research in Epidemiology and Microbiology of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 14 Mira str., Saint-Petersburg, 197101, Russian Federation
| | - Maria A Misiurina
- Institut Pasteur in Saint-Petersburg for Research in Epidemiology and Microbiology of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 14 Mira str., Saint-Petersburg, 197101, Russian Federation
| | - Yana L Esaulkova
- Institut Pasteur in Saint-Petersburg for Research in Epidemiology and Microbiology of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 14 Mira str., Saint-Petersburg, 197101, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina O Sinegubova
- Institut Pasteur in Saint-Petersburg for Research in Epidemiology and Microbiology of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 14 Mira str., Saint-Petersburg, 197101, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir V Zarubaev
- Institut Pasteur in Saint-Petersburg for Research in Epidemiology and Microbiology of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 14 Mira str., Saint-Petersburg, 197101, Russian Federation
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Aqueous Fraction from Hibiscus sabdariffa Relaxes Mesenteric Arteries of Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats through Calcium Current Reduction and Possibly Potassium Channels Modulation. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061782. [PMID: 32549326 PMCID: PMC7353181 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (H. sabdariffa (HS)) extract has a vascular relaxant effect on isolated rat thoracic aorta, but data on small resistance arteries, which play an important role on the development of hypertension, are still missing. The purposes of this study were (1) to assess the effect on isolated mesenteric arteries (MA) from normotensive (Wistar and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY)) and spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR); (2) to elucidate the mechanism(s) of action underling the relaxant effect in light of bioactive components. METHODS Vascular effects of HS aqueous fraction (AF) on isolated MA rings, as well as its mechanisms of action, were assessed using the contractility and intracellular microelectrode technique. The patch clamp technique was used to evaluate the effect of HS AF on the L-type calcium current. Extraction and enrichment of AF were carried out using liquid-liquid extraction, and the yield was analyzed using HPLC. RESULTS The HS AF induced a concentration-dependent relaxant effect on MA rings of SHR (EC50 = 0.83 ± 0.08 mg/mL), WKY (EC50 = 0.46 ± 0.04 mg/mL), and Wistar rats (EC50 = 0.44 ± 0.08 mg/mL) pre-contracted with phenylephrine (10 µM). In Wistar rats, the HS AF maximum relaxant effect was not modified after endothelium removal or when a guanylate cyclase inhibitor (ODQ, 10 µM) and a selective β2-adrenergic receptor antagonist (ICI-118551, 1 µM) were incubated with the preparation. Otherwise, it was reduced by 34.57 ± 10.66% when vascular rings were pre-contracted with an 80 mM [K+] solution (p < 0.001), which suggests an effect on ionic channels. HS AF 2 mg/mL significantly decreased the peak of the L-type calcium current observed in cardiac myocytes by 24.4%. Moreover, though the vasorelaxant effect of HS, AF was reduced by 27% when the nonselective potassium channels blocker (tetraethylammonium (TEA) 20 mM) was added to the bath (p < 0.01). The extract did not induce a membrane hyperpolarization of smooth muscle cells, which might suggest an absence of a direct effect on background potassium current. CONCLUSION These results highlight that the antihypertensive effect of HS probably involves a vasorelaxant effect on small resistance arteries, which is endothelium independent. L-type calcium current reduction contributes to this effect. The results could also provide a link between the vasorelaxant effect and the bioactive compounds, especially anthocyanins.
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Shcherbakov KV, Artemyeva MA, Burgart YV, Evstigneeva NP, Gerasimova NA, Zilberberg NV, Kungurov NV, Saloutin VI, Chupakhin ON. Transformations of 3-acyl-4H-polyfluorochromen-4-ones under the action of amino acids and biogenic amines. J Fluor Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2019.109354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abdelaleem M, Ezzat H, Osama M, Megahed A, Alaa W, Gaber A, Shafei A, Refaat A. Prospects for repurposing CNS drugs for cancer treatment. Oncol Rev 2019; 13:411. [PMID: 31044029 PMCID: PMC6478007 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2019.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug repurposing is the idea of using an already approved drug for another disease or disorder away from its initial use. This new approach ensures the reduction in high cost required for developing a new drug in addition to the time consumed, especially in the tumor disorders that show an unceasing rising rate with an unmet success rate of new anticancer drugs. In our review, we will review the anti-cancer effect of some CNS drugs, including both therapeutic and preventive, by searching the literature for preclinical or clinical evidence for anticancer potential of central nervous system drugs over the last 8 years period (2010-2018) and including only evidence from Q1 journals as indicated by Scimago website (www.scimagojr.com). We concluded that Some Central Nervous system drugs show a great potential as anti-cancer in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials through different mechanisms and pathways in different types of cancer that reveal a promising evidence for the repurposing of CNS drugs for new indications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossam Ezzat
- Armed Forces College of Medicine (AFCM), Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Adel Megahed
- Armed Forces College of Medicine (AFCM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Waleed Alaa
- Armed Forces College of Medicine (AFCM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Gaber
- Armed Forces College of Medicine (AFCM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman Shafei
- Armed Forces College of Medicine (AFCM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa Refaat
- Armed Forces College of Medicine (AFCM), Cairo, Egypt.,Research Center, Misr International University (MIU), Cairo, Egypt.,Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Flores-Flores A, Estrada-Soto S, Millán-Pacheco C, Bazán-Perkins B, Villalobos-Molina R, Moreno-Fierros L, Hernández-Pando R, García-Jiménez S, Rivera-Leyva JC. Functional mechanism of tracheal relaxation, antiasthmatic, and toxicological studies of 6-hydroxyflavone. Drug Dev Res 2018; 80:218-229. [PMID: 30394554 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we described tracheal rat rings relaxation by several flavonoids, being 6-hydroxyflavone (6-HOF) the most active derivative of the series. Thus, its mechanism of action was determined in an ex vivo tracheal rat ring bioassay. The anti-asthmatic effect was assayed in in vivo OVAlbumin (OVA)-sensitized guinea pigs. Finally, the toxicological profile of 6-HOF was studied based on Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines with modifications. 6-HOF-induced relaxation appears to be related with receptor-operated calcium channel and voltage-operated calcium channel blockade as the main mechanism of action, and also through the production of relaxant second messengers NO and cGMP. Molecular docking supports that 6-HOF acts as calcium channel blocker and by activation of nitric oxide synthase. In addition, the in vivo anti-asthmatic experiments demonstrate the dose-dependent significant anti-allergic effect of 6-HOF induced by OVA, with best activity at 50 /kg. Finally, toxicological studies determined a LD50 > 2,000 mg/kg and, after 28 day of treatment with 6-HOF (50 mg/kg) by intragastric route, mice did not exhibit evidence of any significant toxicity. In conclusion, experiments showed that 6-HOF exerts significant relaxant activity through calcium channel blockade, and possibly, by NO/cGMP-system stimulation on rat trachea, which interferes with the contraction mechanism of smooth muscle cells in the airways. In addition, the flavonoid shows potential anti-asthmatic properties in an anti-allergic pathway. Furthermore, because the pharmacological and safety evidence, we propose this flavonoid as lead for the development of a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of asthma and related respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Flores-Flores
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Samuel Estrada-Soto
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - César Millán-Pacheco
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Blanca Bazán-Perkins
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rafael Villalobos-Molina
- Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Leticia Moreno-Fierros
- Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sara García-Jiménez
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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Salma U, Khan T, Shah AJ. Antihypertensive effect of the methanolic extract from Eruca sativa Mill., (Brassicaceae) in rats: Muscarinic receptor-linked vasorelaxant and cardiotonic effects. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 224:409-420. [PMID: 29913298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eruca sativa Mill., (Brassicaceae) is a popular remedy for the treatment of hypertension in Pakistan. However, direct effect of the extract and its fractions on blood pressure and vascular tone are unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY This investigation was aimed to explore the pharmacological base for the traditional use of E. sativa in hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS In-vivo blood pressure study was carried out using normotensive and high salt-induced hypertensive rats under anaesthesia. The cardiovascular mechanisms were explored using rat aorta and atria in-vitro. Preliminary phytochemical analysis, spectrophotometric detection of total phenols, flavonoids and HPLC analysis of crude extract were performed using quercetin and erucin as marker compounds. RESULTS Intravenous injection of crude extract induced a fall in mean arterial pressure (MAP) in both normotensive (max fall: 41.79 ± 1.55% mmHg) and hypertensive (max fall: 58.25 ± 0.91% mmHg) rats. Atropine (1 mg/kg) pretreatment attenuated this effect significantly (p < 0.001), suggesting the involvement of muscarinic receptor in its antihypertensive effect. Fractions also induced atropine-sensitive antihypertensive effect. Similarly, oral administration of crude and aqueous extracts resulted a fall in MAP in the hypertensive rats. In isolated rat aortic rings from normotensive rats, crude extract and fractions induced an endothelium-dependent relaxation. This relaxation was partially inhibited with L-NAME and atropine pretreatment and with denudation of aortic rings, indicating involvement of muscarinic receptor-linked nitric oxide (NO). In aorta from the hypertensive rats, crude extract and fractions induced endothelium-independent relaxation. This relaxation was not affected by pretreatment with L-NAME or atropine. Crude extract and fractions also suppressed phenylephrine contractions in Ca+2 free/EGTA medium. In isolated rat atrial preparations, crude extract and fractions induced negative inotropic and chronotropic effects with a positive inotropic effect by the n-hexane fraction, which were not affected with atropine pretreatment. Phytochemical screening and spectrophotometric analysis indicated the presence of phenols and flavonoids, whereas HPLC analysis of crude extract revealed the presence of quercetin (flavonoid) and erucin (isothiocyanate). CONCLUSION The results suggest that E. sativa is an antihypertensive remedy which is mainly due to its vasodilatory and partly cardiac effects. Muscarinic receptors-linked NO release and dual inhibitory effect on Ca+2 influx and release underlie the vasodilation. This finding provides pharmacological base to the traditional use of E. sativa in hypertension. The presence of quercetin and erucin further support this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Salma
- Cardiovascular Research Group; Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Taous Khan
- Cardiovascular Research Group; Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, KPK, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Jabbar Shah
- Cardiovascular Research Group; Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, KPK, Pakistan.
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de Lima Glória L, Barreto de Souza Arantes M, Menezes de Faria Pereira S, de Souza Vieira G, Xavier Martins C, Ribeiro de Carvalho Junior A, Antunes F, Braz-Filho R, José Curcino Vieira I, Leandro da Cruz L, Siqueira de Almeida Chaves D, de Paiva Freitas S, Barros de Oliveira D. Phenolic Compounds Present Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi Influence the Lowering of Blood Pressure in Rats. Molecules 2017; 22:E1792. [PMID: 29065547 PMCID: PMC6151430 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study identified two phenolic compounds in Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi fruits: naringenin (first report in this species) and gallic acid. Their structures were elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data (¹H-, 13C-NMR) and a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. A high content of phenolics (659.21 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of sample-Folin-Ciocalteau method) and total flavonoids (140.69 mg of rutin equivalents/g of sample-aluminum chloride method) were quantified in S. terebinthifolius, as well as high antioxidant activity (77.47%-2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH method). The antihypertensive activity related to its phenolic content was investigated. After intravenous infusion in Wistar rats, these phenolics significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the systolic, median, and diastolic arterial pressures of individuals. The rotarod test was performed to determine the mechanism of action of the sample vasorelaxant effect. It was found that its action exceeded that of the positive control used (diazepam). This confirmed the vasodilatory activity exerted by S. terebinthifolius fruits is related to the phenolic compounds present in the plant, which are potent antioxidants and inhibit oxidative stress, mainly in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena de Lima Glória
- Laboratório de Tecnologia de Alimentos, CCTA, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Barreto de Souza Arantes
- Laboratório de Tecnologia de Alimentos, CCTA, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Silvia Menezes de Faria Pereira
- Laboratório de Tecnologia de Alimentos, CCTA, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme de Souza Vieira
- Laboratório de Clínica e Cirurgia Animal, CCTA, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Camilla Xavier Martins
- Laboratório de Clínica e Cirurgia Animal, CCTA, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Almir Ribeiro de Carvalho Junior
- Laboratório de Ciências Químicas, CCT, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Antunes
- Laboratório de Clínica e Cirurgia Animal, CCTA, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Raimundo Braz-Filho
- Laboratório de Ciências Químicas, CCT, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Ivo José Curcino Vieira
- Laboratório de Ciências Químicas, CCT, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Larissa Leandro da Cruz
- Laboratório de Tecnologia de Alimentos, CCTA, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Douglas Siqueira de Almeida Chaves
- Laboratório de Química de Bioativos Naturais, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica 23897-000, Brazil.
| | - Silvério de Paiva Freitas
- Laboratório de Fitotecnia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil.
| | - Daniela Barros de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Tecnologia de Alimentos, CCTA, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil.
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Flores-Flores A, Hidalgo-Figueroa S, Villalobos-Molina R, Ibarra-Barajas M, Bazán-Perkins B, Navarrete-Vázquez G, Estrada-Soto S. Relaxant effect of structurally related flavonoids on isolated tracheal rat rings: a SAR study. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2055-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Rani N, Velan LPT, Vijaykumar S, Arunachalam A. An insight into the potentially old-wonder molecule-quercetin: the perspectives in foresee. Chin J Integr Med 2015:10.1007/s11655-015-2073-x. [PMID: 26354747 PMCID: PMC7088573 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Use of phyto-medicine and digitalization of phyto-compounds has been fallen enthralling field of science in recent years. Quercetin, a flavonoid with brilliant citron yellow pigment, is typically found in fruits and leafy vegetables in reasonable amount. Quercetin's potentials as an antioxidant, immune-modulator, antiinflammatory, anti-cancer, and others have been the subject of interest in this review. Although, profiling the insights in to the molecular characterization of quercetin with various targets provided the loop-holes in understanding the knowledge for the aforementioned mechanisms, still necessitates research globally to unearth it completely. Thus, the available science on the synthesis and significant role played by the old molecule - quercetin which does wonders even now have been vividly explained in the present review to benefit the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Rani
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life science, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605014, India
| | | | - Saravanan Vijaykumar
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life science, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605014, India
| | - Annamalai Arunachalam
- Department of Botany, Sethupathy Government Arts and Science Collage, Alagappa University, Ramanathpuram, Tamil Nadu, 632502, India
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Mata R, Figueroa M, González-Andrade M, Rivera-Chávez JA, Madariaga-Mazón A, Del Valle P. Calmodulin inhibitors from natural sources: an update. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:576-586. [PMID: 25536331 DOI: 10.1021/np500954x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) plays a central role in regulating a myriad of cellular functions in physiological and pathophysiological processes, thus representing an important drug target. In previous reviews, our group has reported relevant information regarding natural anti-CaM compounds up to 2009. Natural sources continue to provide a diverse and unique reservoir of CaM inhibitors for drug and research tool discovery. This review provides an update of natural products with reported CaM inhibitory properties, which includes around 70 natural products and some synthetic analogues, belonging to different structural classes. Most of these natural inhibitors were isolated from fungi and plants and belong to the stilbenoid, polyketide, alkaloid, and peptide structural classes. These products were discovered mainly using a fluorescence-based method on rationally designed biosensors, which are highly specific, low-cost, and selective and have short reaction times. The effect of several antimitotic drugs on Ca(2+)-hCaM is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Mata
- †Facultad de Química and ‡Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, Mexico
| | - Mario Figueroa
- †Facultad de Química and ‡Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, Mexico
| | - Martín González-Andrade
- †Facultad de Química and ‡Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, Mexico
| | - José Alberto Rivera-Chávez
- †Facultad de Química and ‡Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, Mexico
| | - Abraham Madariaga-Mazón
- †Facultad de Química and ‡Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, Mexico
| | - Paulina Del Valle
- †Facultad de Química and ‡Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, Mexico
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Madariaga-Mazón A, Hernández-Abreu O, Estrada-Soto S, Mata R. Insights on the vasorelaxant mode of action of malbrancheamide. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 67:551-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study was conducted to evaluate the vasorelaxant effect of the fungal alkaloids malbrancheamides on pre-contracted rat aorta rings. Also, we explored the probable mode of action using experimental and theoretical docking studies.
Methods
The vasorelaxant effect was assessed on rat aorta rings pre-contracted with noradrenaline (0.1 μm). The mechanism of action was evaluated using different inhibitors of the pathways involved in the vasorelaxation process, such as l-NAME, indomethacin, tetraethylammonium and atropine. The docking analyses were carried out with AutoDock 4.2 software using the crystallized structure of the cyclooxygenase domain of eNOS.
Key findings
Malbrancheamides (1–3) induced a significant vasorelaxant activity in a concentration- and endothelium-intact model in rat aorta rings, and a lesser effect in an endothelium-denuded model. Malbrancheamide-induced vasorelaxation was significantly weakened by pretreatment of endothelium-intact aortic rings with L-NAME (10 μm), indicating a nitrergic relaxant mechanism. Docking analysis predicted that 1–3 could activate eNOS throughout an allosteric fashion at C1 and C2 pockets.
Conclusions
Experimental evidence revealed that malbrancheamides induced both endothelium-independent and endothelium-dependent relaxant effects. According to theoretical studies, it is feasible that the endothelium-independent relaxation exerted by malbrancheamide could be mediated by its calmodulin inhibitory properties throughout an interference with myosin light chain phosphorylation and a positive modulation of eNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Samuel Estrada-Soto
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Rachel Mata
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, México
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Singh M, Kaur M, Silakari O. Flavones: an important scaffold for medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 84:206-39. [PMID: 25019478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Flavones have antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-tumor, anti-microbial, estrogenic, acetyl cholinesterase, anti-inflammatory activities and are also used in cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Also, flavonoids are found to have an effect on several mammalian enzymes like protein kinases that regulate multiple cell signaling pathways and alterations in multiple cellular signaling pathways are frequently found in many diseases. Flavones have been an indispensable anchor for the development of new therapeutic agents. The majority of metabolic diseases are speculated to originate from oxidative stress, and it is therefore significant that recent studies have shown the positive effect of flavones on diseases related to oxidative stress. Due to the wide range of biological activities of flavones, their structure-activity relationships have generated interest among medicinal chemists. The outstanding development of flavones derivatives in diverse diseases in very short span of time proves its magnitude for medicinal chemistry research. The present review gives detail about the structural requirement of flavone derivatives for various pharmacological activities. This information may provide an opportunity to scientists of medicinal chemistry discipline to design selective, optimize as well as poly-functional flavone derivatives for the treatment of multi-factorial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjinder Singh
- Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India
| | - Maninder Kaur
- Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India
| | - Om Silakari
- Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India.
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Penso J, Cordeiro KC, da Cunha CR, da Silva Castro PF, Martins DR, Lião LM, Rocha ML, de Oliveira V. Vasorelaxant activity of 7-β-O-glycosides biosynthesized from flavonoids. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 733:75-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Jorge VG, Ángel JRL, Adrián TS, Francisco AC, Anuar SG, Samuel ES, Ángel SO, Emmanuel HN. Vasorelaxant activity of extracts obtained from Apium graveolens: possible source for vasorelaxant molecules isolation with potential antihypertensive effect. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3:776-9. [PMID: 24075341 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(13)60154-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate vasorelaxant effect of organic extracts from Apium graveolens (A. graveolens) which is a part of a group of plants subjected to pharmacological and phytochemical study with the purpose of offering it as an ideal source for obtaining lead compounds for designing new therapeutic agents with potential vasorelaxant and antihypertensive effects. METHODS An ex vivo method was employed to assess the vasorelaxant activity. This consisted of using rat aortic rings with and without endothelium precontracted with norepinephrine. RESULTS All extracts caused concentration-dependent relaxation in precontracted aortic rings with and without endothelium; the most active extracts were Dichloromethane and Ethyl Acetate extracts from A. graveolens. These results suggested that secondary metabolites responsible for the vasorelaxant activity belong to a group of compounds of medium polarity. Also, our evidence showed that effect induced by dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts from A. graveolens is mediated probably by calcium antagonism. CONCLUSIONS A. graveolens represents an ideal source for obtaining lead compounds for designing new therapeutic agents with potential vasorelaxant and antihypertensive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vergara-Galicia Jorge
- Division of Health Sciences, University of Quintana roo, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico.
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de Araújo Lopes A, Magalhães TR, de Andrade Uchôa DE, Silveira ER, Azzolini AECS, Kabeya LM, Lucisano-Valim YM, Vasconcelos SMM, de Barros Viana GS, Leal LKAM. Afrormosin, an Isoflavonoid from Amburana cearensis A. C. Smith, Modulates the Inflammatory Response of Stimulated Human Neutrophils. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2013; 113:363-9. [PMID: 23815171 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavones are phytoestrogens known by their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Presently, there is no information on whether afrormosin, an isoflavone from Amburana cearensis A.C. Smith (Fabaceae), has some effect on the inflammatory response from stimulated human neutrophils. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials of afrormosin on human neutrophils. Neutrophils (2.5 × 10(6) cells/mL) were incubated with afrormosin (3.35-335.2 μM) prepared from a product isolated from Amburana cearensis A.C. Smith with a 78.5% degree of purity and stimulated by the addition of cytochalasin B and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) or phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). Afrormosin inhibited the neutrophil degranulation induced by fMLP (10.47-335.2 μM) or PMA (0.33-167.6 μM), myeloperoxidase activity (3.3-335.2 μM), TNF-α secretion (16.7-335.2 μM) and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation (16.7-335.2 μM). On the other hand, afrormosin did not show any effect either on elastase or as a free radical scavenger. These data suggest that afrormosin modulates intermediary steps of the neutrophil ROS generation process. In addition, the modulatory effect of afrormosin on human neutrophil degranulation seems to be directed towards PMA-induced activation, indicating a potent inhibition of the protein kinase C activity. This study provided evidence, for the first time, to support the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of afrormosin, creating novel insights into the pharmacological actions of this natural isoflavone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda de Araújo Lopes
- Center for Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Studies, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Talita R Magalhães
- Center for Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Studies, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Edilberto R Silveira
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ana E C S Azzolini
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Kabeya
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yara M Lucisano-Valim
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luzia K A M Leal
- Center for Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Studies, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
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Estrada-Soto S, Sánchez-Recillas A, Navarrete-Vázquez G, Castillo-España P, Villalobos-Molina R, Ibarra-Barajas M. Relaxant effects of Artemisia ludoviciana on isolated rat smooth muscle tissues. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 139:513-518. [PMID: 22155473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Revised: 11/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Artemisia ludoviciana spp. mexicana (Willd. Ex.) Spring D.D. Keck (Asteraceae), known as "estafiate" is employed for the treatment of diarrhea, dysentery, parasites, abdominal pain, vomiting, stomach ache, and also as antispasmodic agent. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relaxant effect of hexanic (HEAl), dichloromethanic (DEAl) and methanolic (MEAl) extracts on isolated trachea, ileum and aorta rat rings, and to establish the tracheo-relaxant mode of action of DEAl. MATERIALS AND METHODS All extracts were investigated based on their capacity of to inhibit the rat ileum spontaneous contraction, to relax contraction induced by noradrenaline (0.1 μM) on endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded thoracic aorta rat rings, and also to inhibit contraction provoked by carbachol (1 μM) on rat trachea. RESULTS Organic extracts had no spasmolytic action on ileum strips compared to positive control (papaverine, p<0.05). On the other hand, all extracts induced a significant concentration- and partial endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant activity. Extracts also showed significant relaxant effect on pre-contracted tracheal tissue in a concentration-dependent manner. In last two experiments, DEAl was the most potent and efficient extract; however, it was less potent than papaverine and theophylline, used as positive controls (p<0.05). In tracheal preparation, DEAl shifted to the right, in a parallel manner, the concentration-response curves induced by carbachol (p<0.05). Also, DEAl induced a significant relaxant effect on the contraction produced by potassium chloride (KCl, 80 mM). Pre-incubation with 1-H-[1,2,4]-oxadiazolo-[4,3a]-quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ, 10 μM), indomethacin (10 μM), N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 μM), glibenclamide (10 μM) and 2-aminopyridine (2-AP, 100 μM) did not modify the DEAl-relaxant curves. CONCLUSIONS Functional experiments suggest that the most active extract, DEAl, induced its relaxant effect by possible muscarinic receptors antagonism and calcium channel blockade in tracheal rings. On the other hand, significant vasorelaxant activity showed by DEAl is partially endothelium-dependent. Finally, spasmolytic activity induced by the extracts in the rat ileum was not significant, which suggests that the antidiarrheic effect of the plant is related to antimicrobial and antiparasitic properties previously described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Estrada-Soto
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Morelos, Mexico.
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Hernández-Abreu O, Durán-Gómez L, Best-Brown R, Villalobos-Molina R, Rivera-Leyva J, Estrada-Soto S. Validated liquid chromatographic method and analysis of content of tilianin on several extracts obtained from Agastache mexicana and its correlation with vasorelaxant effect. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 138:487-91. [PMID: 21982792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE To optimize the obtention of tilianin, an antihypertensive flavonoid isolated from Agastache mexicana (Lamiaceae), a medicinal plant used in Mexico for the treatment of hypertension. Also, a validated HPLC method to quantify tilianin from different extracts, obtained by several extraction methods, was developed. MATERIALS AND METHODS The aerial parts of Agastache mexicana were dried at different temperatures (22, 40, 50, 90, 100 and 180°C) and the dry material was extracted with methanol by maceration to compare the content of the active constituent tilianin in the samples. Furthermore, EtOH:H(2)O (7:3), infusion and decoction extracts were prepared from air-dried samples at room temperature to compare the content and composition of the different extraction methods. Moreover, an ex vivo vasorelaxant test on endothelium-intact aortic rat rings was conducted, in order to correlate the presence of tilianin with the activity of each extract. RESULTS Higher concentration and amounts of tilianin were determined from chromatograms in the obtained methanolic extracts from plant material dried at 90, 50, 40 and 22°C, followed by 100°C; however, lower concentrations were observed in dried at 180°C and EtOH:H(2)O (7:3). It is worth to notice that methanolic extracts with higher amount of tilianin were the most potent vasorelaxant extracts, even though these extracts were less potent than carbachol, a positive control used. Finally, decoction, infusion and EtOH:H(2)O (7:3) extracts did not show any vasorelaxant effect. CONCLUSION Results suggest that extracts with higher concentration of tilianin possess the best vasorelaxant activity, which allowed us to have a HPLC method for future quality control for this medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oswaldo Hernández-Abreu
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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