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Conte M, De Feo MS, Sidrak MMA, Corica F, Gorica J, Filippi L, Schillaci O, De Vincentis G, Frantellizzi V. Radiolabeled Dendrimer Coated Nanoparticles for Radionuclide Imaging and Therapy: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030867. [PMID: 36986728 PMCID: PMC10051715 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendrimers are nanoscale-size polymers with a globular structure. They are composed of an internal core and branching dendrons with surface active groups which can be functionalized for medical applications. Different complexes have been developed for imaging and therapeutic purposes. This systematic review aims to summarize the development of newer dendrimers for oncological applications in nuclear medicine. METHODS An online literature search was conducted on Pubmed, Scopus, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Web Of Science databases selecting published studies from January 1999 to December 2022. The accepted studies considered the synthesis of dendrimer complexes for oncological nuclear medicine imaging and therapy. RESULTS 111 articles were identified; 69 articles were excluded because they did not satisfy the selection criteria. Thus, nine duplicate records were removed. The remaining 33 articles were included and selected for quality assessment. CONCLUSION Nanomedicine has led researchers to create novel nanocarriers with high affinity for the target. Dendrimers represent feasible imaging probes and therapeutic agents since, through the functionalization of external chemical groups and thanks to the possibility to carry pharmaceuticals, it can be possible to exploit different therapeutic strategies and develop a useful weapon for oncological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Conte
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Silvia De Feo
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marko Magdi Abdou Sidrak
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Corica
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Joana Gorica
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Filippi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Orazio Schillaci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Vincentis
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Frantellizzi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Anatomo-Pathology, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Filipczak N, Yalamarty SSK, Li X, Parveen F, Torchilin V. Developments in Treatment Methodologies Using Dendrimers for Infectious Diseases. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 26:molecules26113304. [PMID: 34072765 PMCID: PMC8198206 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Dendrimers comprise a specific group of macromolecules, which combine structural properties of both single molecules and long expanded polymers. The three-dimensional form of dendrimers and the extensive possibilities for use of additional substrates for their construction creates a multivalent potential and a wide possibility for medical, diagnostic and environmental purposes. Depending on their composition and structure, dendrimers have been of interest in many fields of science, ranging from chemistry, biotechnology to biochemical applications. These compounds have found wide application from the production of catalysts for their use as antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral agents. Of particular interest are peptide dendrimers as a medium for transport of therapeutic substances: synthetic vaccines against parasites, bacteria and viruses, contrast agents used in MRI, antibodies and genetic material. This review focuses on the description of the current classes of dendrimers, the methodology for their synthesis and briefly drawbacks of their properties and their use as potential therapies against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Filipczak
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
| | - Satya Siva Kishan Yalamarty
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
| | - Xiang Li
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Farzana Parveen
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
- The Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Vladimir Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
- Department of Oncology, Radiotherapy and Plastic Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Delyanee M, Akbari S, Solouk A. Amine-terminated dendritic polymers as promising nanoplatform for diagnostic and therapeutic agents' modification: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 221:113572. [PMID: 34087497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
It is often challenging to design diagnostic and therapeutic agents that fulfill all functional requirements. So, bulk and surface modifications as a common approach for biomedical applications have been suggested. There have been considerable research interests in using nanomaterials to the prementioned methods. Among all nanomaterials, dendritic materials with three-dimensional structures, host-guest properties, and nano-polymeric dimensions have received considerable attention. Amine-terminated dendritic structures including, polyamidoamine (PAMAM), polypropyleneimine (PPI), and polyethyleneimine (PEI), have been enormously utilized in bio-modification. This review briefly described the structure of these three common dendritic polymers and their use to modify diagnostic and therapeutic agents in six major applications, including drug delivery, gene delivery, biosensor, bioimaging, tissue engineering, and antimicrobial activity. The current review covers amine-terminated dendritic polymers toxicity challenging and improvement strategies as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Delyanee
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaye Akbari
- Textile Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Atefeh Solouk
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Caminade AM, Hameau A, Turrin CO, Laurent R, Majoral JP. Dendritic metal complexes for bioimaging. Recent advances. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Pellico J, Gawne PJ, T M de Rosales R. Radiolabelling of nanomaterials for medical imaging and therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3355-3423. [PMID: 33491714 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00384k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials offer unique physical, chemical and biological properties of interest for medical imaging and therapy. Over the last two decades, there has been an increasing effort to translate nanomaterial-based medicinal products (so-called nanomedicines) into clinical practice and, although multiple nanoparticle-based formulations are clinically available, there is still a disparity between the number of pre-clinical products and those that reach clinical approval. To facilitate the efficient clinical translation of nanomedicinal-drugs, it is important to study their whole-body biodistribution and pharmacokinetics from the early stages of their development. Integrating this knowledge with that of their therapeutic profile and/or toxicity should provide a powerful combination to efficiently inform nanomedicine trials and allow early selection of the most promising candidates. In this context, radiolabelling nanomaterials allows whole-body and non-invasive in vivo tracking by the sensitive clinical imaging techniques positron emission tomography (PET), and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Furthermore, certain radionuclides with specific nuclear emissions can elicit therapeutic effects by themselves, leading to radionuclide-based therapy. To ensure robust information during the development of nanomaterials for PET/SPECT imaging and/or radionuclide therapy, selection of the most appropriate radiolabelling method and knowledge of its limitations are critical. Different radiolabelling strategies are available depending on the type of material, the radionuclide and/or the final application. In this review we describe the different radiolabelling strategies currently available, with a critical vision over their advantages and disadvantages. The final aim is to review the most relevant and up-to-date knowledge available in this field, and support the efficient clinical translation of future nanomedicinal products for in vivo imaging and/or therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pellico
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK.
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Xiao T, Li D, Shi X, Shen M. PAMAM Dendrimer‐Based Nanodevices for Nuclear Medicine Applications. Macromol Biosci 2019; 20:e1900282. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco‐TextileMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Du Li
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco‐TextileMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco‐TextileMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Mingwu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco‐TextileMinistry of EducationCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
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Liang L, Zhang X, Su X, Li J, Tian Y, Xue H, Xu H. 99m Tc-labeled oligomeric nanoparticles as potential agents for folate receptor-positive tumor targeting. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2018; 61:54-60. [PMID: 29086447 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
One type of biocompatible nanoparticles functionalized with folate and 99m Tc was successfully synthesized. Maleimide-folic acid (Mal-FA) was selected to covalently conjugate with -SH of the nanoparticles (NPs) to prepare NPs-FA for targeting. 99m Tc was selected to conjugate with -NH2 and -SH groups of cysteine residues on the surface of NPs to prepare NPs-FA-99m Tc for radioactive counting. The ability to target folate receptors of NPs-FA-99m Tc was assessed in uptake studies with folate-receptor-positive human HepG2 cells. The results showed that the as-prepared NPs can selectively uptake by folate receptor-overexpressing HepG2 tumor cells in vitro. The oligomeric hybrid NPs radiolabeled with 99m Tc may develop to be SPECT/CT imaging biomaterials with high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Xueqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyu Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianchun Li
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Yong Tian
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Hongbao Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Huiqin Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Zhao L, Zhu M, Li Y, Xing Y, Zhao J. Radiolabeled Dendrimers for Nuclear Medicine Applications. Molecules 2017; 22:E1350. [PMID: 28841180 PMCID: PMC6151832 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in nuclear medicine have explored nanoscale carriers for targeted delivery of various radionuclides in specific manners to improve the effect of diagnosis and therapy of diseases. Due to the unique molecular architecture allowing facile attachment of targeting ligands and radionuclides, dendrimers provide versatile platforms in this filed to build abundant multifunctional radiolabeled nanoparticles for nuclear medicine applications. This review gives special focus to recent advances in dendrimer-based nuclear medicine agents for the imaging and treatment of cancer, cardiovascular and other diseases. Radiolabeling strategies for different radionuclides and several challenges involved in clinical translation of radiolabeled dendrimers are extensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhou Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
| | - Meilin Zhu
- Basic Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Yujie Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
| | - Yan Xing
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
| | - Jinhua Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
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Park SC, Kim YM, Kim NH, Kim EJ, Park YH, Lee JR, Jang MK. Targeted doxorubicin delivery based on avidin-biotin technology in cervical tumor cells. Macromol Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-017-5100-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Xu X, Zhang J, Hu S, He S, Bao X, Ma G, Luo J, Cheng J, Zhang Y. 99mTc-labeling and evaluation of a HYNIC modified small-molecular inhibitor of prostate-specific membrane antigen. Nucl Med Biol 2017; 48:69-75. [PMID: 28273495 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a well-established target in the development of radiopharmaceuticals for the diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, we evaluated a novel 99mTc-labeled small molecular inhibitor of PSMA. METHODS This new small-molecular inhibitor of PSMA, 6-hydrazinonicotinate-Aminocaproic acid-Lysine-Urea-Glutamate (HYNIC-ALUG) was radiolabeled by 99mTc and was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo using PCa models (PC-3 and LNCaP). Radiation dosimetry was assessed in mice. RESULTS 99mTc-HYNIC-ALUG showed excellent stability in different media. A cell assay preliminarily displayed its specificity for PSMA. The inhibitor showed good pharmacokinetics making it suitable for in vivo imaging. PC-3-derived tumors showed no obvious radioactive uptake; however, the LNCaP-derived tumors showed very high radioactive uptake which was significantly decreased by the selective PSMA inhibitor 2-PMPA. Biodistribution in LNCaP xenografts showed an optimum tumor-to-blood ratio of 24.23±3.54 at 2h. Tumor uptake was also decreased in the inhibition experiment with 2-PMPA (19.45±2.14%ID/g versus 1.42±0.15%ID/g at 2h). The effective dose of the 99mTc-HYNIC-ALUG was 8.4E-04mSv/MBq. CONCLUSIONS A new 99mTc-labeled PSMA inhibitor with specific accumulation in PSMA-positive tumors and low background in other organs was synthesized. The radiopharmaceutical also showed very low radiation dosimetry. This agent may significantly improve the diagnosis, staging, and subsequent monitoring of therapeutic effects in PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Silong Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Simin He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao Bao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guang Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianmin Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jingyi Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yingjian Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
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Yan Y, Zhang J, Ren L, Tang C. Metal-containing and related polymers for biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:5232-63. [PMID: 26910408 PMCID: PMC4996776 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00026f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A survey of the most recent progress in the biomedical applications of metal-containing polymers is given. Due to the unique optical, electrochemical, and magnetic properties, at least 30 different metal elements, most of them transition metals, are introduced into polymeric frameworks for interactions with biology-relevant substrates via various means. Inspired by the advance of metal-containing small molecular drugs and promoted by the great progress in polymer chemistry, metal-containing polymers have gained momentum during recent decades. According to their different applications, this review summarizes the following biomedical applications: (1) metal-containing polymers as drug delivery vehicles; (2) metal-containing polymeric drugs and biocides, including antimicrobial and antiviral agents, anticancer drugs, photodynamic therapy agents, radiotherapy agents and biocides; (3) metal-containing polymers as biosensors, and (4) metal-containing polymers in bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical, University, Xi’an, Shannxi, 710129, China
| | - Jiuyang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Lixia Ren
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chuanbing Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
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Liko F, Hindré F, Fernandez-Megia E. Dendrimers as Innovative Radiopharmaceuticals in Cancer Radionanotherapy. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3103-3114. [PMID: 27608327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the most commonly used cancer treatments, with an estimate of 40% success that could be improved further if more efficient targeting and retention of radiation at the tumor site were achieved. This review focuses on the use of dendrimers in radionanotherapy, an emerging technology aimed to improve the efficiency of radiotherapy by implementing nanovectorization, an already established praxis in drug delivery and diagnosis. The labeling of dendrimers with radionuclides also aims to reduce the dose of radiolabeled materials and, hence, their toxicity and tumor resistance. Examples of radiolabeled dendrimers with alpha, beta, and Auger electron emitters are commented, along with the use of dendrimers in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The conjugation of radiolabeled dendrimers to monoclonal antibodies for a more efficient targeting and the application of dendrimers in gene delivery radiotherapy are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flonja Liko
- INSERM U 1066, 'Micro et Nanomédecines biomimétiques - MINT', and Plateforme de Radiobiologie et d'IMagerie EXpérimentale, PRIMEX, SFR ICAT 4208, Université Angers, UMR-S1066, 49933 Angers, Cedex 9, France.,Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - François Hindré
- INSERM U 1066, 'Micro et Nanomédecines biomimétiques - MINT', and Plateforme de Radiobiologie et d'IMagerie EXpérimentale, PRIMEX, SFR ICAT 4208, Université Angers, UMR-S1066, 49933 Angers, Cedex 9, France
| | - Eduardo Fernandez-Megia
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Chakravarty R, Hong H, Cai W. Image-Guided Drug Delivery with Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography: A Review of Literature. Curr Drug Targets 2016; 16:592-609. [PMID: 25182469 DOI: 10.2174/1389450115666140902125657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tremendous resources are being invested all over the world for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various types of cancer. Successful cancer management depends on accurate diagnosis of the disease along with precise therapeutic protocol. The conventional systemic drug delivery approaches generally cannot completely remove the competent cancer cells without surpassing the toxicity limits to normal tissues. Therefore, development of efficient drug delivery systems holds prime importance in medicine and healthcare. Also, molecular imaging can play an increasingly important and revolutionizing role in disease management. Synergistic use of molecular imaging and targeted drug delivery approaches provides unique opportunities in a relatively new area called 'image-guided drug delivery' (IGDD). Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is the most widely used nuclear imaging modality in clinical context and is increasingly being used to guide targeted therapeutics. The innovations in material science have fueled the development of efficient drug carriers based on, polymers, liposomes, micelles, dendrimers, microparticles, nanoparticles, etc. Efficient utilization of these drug carriers along with SPECT imaging technology have the potential to transform patient care by personalizing therapy to the individual patient, lessening the invasiveness of conventional treatment procedures and rapidly monitoring the therapeutic efficacy. SPECT-IGDD is not only effective for the treatment of cancer but might also find utility in the management of several other diseases. Herein, we provide a concise overview of the latest advances in SPECT-IGDD procedures and discuss the challenges and opportunities for advancement of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubel Chakravarty
- Isotope Production and Applications Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India.
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Maly J, Stanek O, Frolik J, Maly M, Ennen F, Appelhans D, Semeradtova A, Wrobel D, Stofik M, Knapova T, Kuchar M, Stastna LC, Cermak J, Sebo P, Maly P. Biocompatible Size-Defined Dendrimer-Albumin Binding Protein Hybrid Materials as a Versatile Platform for Biomedical Applications. Macromol Biosci 2016; 16:553-66. [PMID: 26748571 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For the design of a biohybrid structure as a ligand-tailored drug delivery system (DDS), it is highly sophisticated to fabricate a DDS based on smoothly controllable conjugation steps. This article reports on the synthesis and the characterization of biohybrid conjugates based on noncovalent conjugation between a multivalent biotinylated and PEGylated poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrimer and a tetrameric streptavidin-small protein binding scaffold. This protein binding scaffold (SA-ABDwt) possesses nM affinity toward human serum albumin (HSA). Thus, well-defined biohybrid structures, finalized by binding of one or two HSA molecules, are available at each conjugation step in a controlled molar ratio. Overall, these biohybrid assemblies can be used for (i) a controlled modification of dendrimers with the HSA molecules to increase their blood-circulation half-life and passive accumulation in tumor; (ii) rendering dendrimers a specific affinity to various ligands based on mutated ABD domain, thus replacing tedious dendrimer-antibody covalent coupling and purification procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Maly
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of J.E. Purkinje, 400 96, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Stanek
- Institute of Biotechnology CAS, v. v. i, Pru˚myslová 595, Vestec, ,252 42, Jesenice u Prahy, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Frolik
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of J.E. Purkinje, 400 96, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Maly
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of J.E. Purkinje, 400 96, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Franka Ennen
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, D-01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, D-01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alena Semeradtova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of J.E. Purkinje, 400 96, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Dominika Wrobel
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of J.E. Purkinje, 400 96, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel Stofik
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of J.E. Purkinje, 400 96, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Knapova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of J.E. Purkinje, 400 96, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Kuchar
- Institute of Biotechnology CAS, v. v. i, Pru˚myslová 595, Vestec, ,252 42, Jesenice u Prahy, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Cervenkova Stastna
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals CAS, v. v. i, Rozvojová 135, 165 02, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Cermak
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals CAS, v. v. i, Rozvojová 135, 165 02, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Sebo
- Institute of Microbiology CAS, v. v. i, Vídeˇnská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Maly
- Institute of Biotechnology CAS, v. v. i, Pru˚myslová 595, Vestec, ,252 42, Jesenice u Prahy, Czech Republic
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16
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Zhu J, Zhao L, Cheng Y, Xiong Z, Tang Y, Shen M, Zhao J, Shi X. Radionuclide (131)I-labeled multifunctional dendrimers for targeted SPECT imaging and radiotherapy of tumors. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:18169-18178. [PMID: 26477402 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05585g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, characterization, and utilization of radioactive (131)I-labeled multifunctional dendrimers for targeted single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging and radiotherapy of tumors. In this study, amine-terminated poly(amidoamine) dendrimers of generation 5 (G5·NH2) were sequentially modified with 3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid-OSu (HPAO) and folic acid (FA) linked with polyethylene glycol (PEG), followed by acetylation modification of the dendrimer remaining surface amines and labeling of radioactive iodine-131 ((131)I). The generated multifunctional (131)I-G5·NHAc-HPAO-PEG-FA dendrimers were characterized via different methods. We show that prior to (131)I labeling, the G5·NHAc-HPAO-PEG-FA dendrimers conjugated with approximately 9.4 HPAO moieties per dendrimer are noncytotoxic at a concentration up to 20 μM and are able to target cancer cells overexpressing FA receptors (FAR), thanks to the modified FA ligands. In the presence of a phenol group, radioactive (131)I is able to be efficiently labeled onto the dendrimer platform with good stability and high radiochemical purity, and render the platform with an ability for targeted SPECT imaging and radiotherapy of an FAR-overexpressing xenografted tumor model in vivo. The designed strategy to use the facile dendrimer nanotechnology may be extended to develop various radioactive theranostic nanoplatforms for targeted SPECT imaging and radiotherapy of different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingzhou Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongjun Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijuan Xiong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yueqin Tang
- Experiment Center, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwu Shen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinhua Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China and College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.
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Wu L, Yang C, Lv Z, Cui F, Zhao L, Yang P. Facile one-pot synthesis of different surfactant-functionalized water-soluble Fe3O4 nanoparticles as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents for melanoma tumors. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05786d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile and efficient one-pot solvothermal strategy is described to synthesize Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) modified with sodium citrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and l-asparagine for in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University)
- Ministry of Education and School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - ChunYan Yang
- Department of Cardiology
- Department of Radiology
- China-Japan Union Hospital
- Jilin University
- Changchun
| | - Zhongwen Lv
- Department of Radiology
- China-Japan Union Hospital
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130033
- China
| | - FengWen Cui
- Department of Cardiology
- Department of Radiology
- China-Japan Union Hospital
- Jilin University
- Changchun
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University)
- Ministry of Education and School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Cardiology
- Department of Radiology
- China-Japan Union Hospital
- Jilin University
- Changchun
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18
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Mignani S, Bryszewska M, Klajnert-Maculewicz B, Zablocka M, Majoral JP. Advances in combination therapies based on nanoparticles for efficacious cancer treatment: an analytical report. Biomacromolecules 2014; 16:1-27. [PMID: 25426779 DOI: 10.1021/bm501285t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of nanomedicine research is the development of nanoparticles as drug delivery systems or drugs per se to tackle diseases as cancer, which are a leading cause of death with developed nations. Targeted treatments against solid tumors generally lead to dramatic regressions, but, unfortunately, the responses are often short-lived due to resistant cancer cells. In addition, one of the major challenges of combination drug therapy (called "cocktail") is the crucial optimization of different drug parameters. This issue can be solved using combination nanotherapy. Nanoparticles developed in oncology based on combination nanotherapy are either (a) those designed to combat multidrug resistance or (b) those used to circumvent resistance to clinical cancer drugs. This review provides an overview of the different nanoparticles currently used in clinical treatments in oncology. We analyze in detail the development of combinatorial nanoparticles including dendrimers for dual drug delivery via two strategic approaches: (a) use of chemotherapeutics and chemosensitizers to combat multidrug resistance and (b) use of multiple cytotoxic drugs. Finally, in this review, we discuss the challenges, clinical outlook, and perspectives of the nanoparticle-based combination therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Mignani
- Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 860, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie pharmacologiques et toxicologique, 45, rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
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19
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Kharissova OV, Méndez-Rojas MA, Kharisov BI, Méndez UO, Martínez PE. Metal complexes containing natural and and artificial radioactive elements and their applications. Molecules 2014; 19:10755-802. [PMID: 25061724 PMCID: PMC6272025 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190810755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances (during the 2007–2014 period) in the coordination and organometallic chemistry of compounds containing natural and artificially prepared radionuclides (actinides and technetium), are reviewed. Radioactive isotopes of naturally stable elements are not included for discussion in this work. Actinide and technetium complexes with O-, N-, N,O, N,S-, P-containing ligands, as well π-organometallics are discussed from the view point of their synthesis, properties, and main applications. On the basis of their properties, several mono-, bi-, tri-, tetra- or polydentate ligands have been designed for specific recognition of some particular radionuclides, and can be used in the processes of nuclear waste remediation, i.e., recycling of nuclear fuel and the separation of actinides and fission products from waste solutions or for analytical determination of actinides in solutions; actinide metal complexes are also usefulas catalysts forcoupling gaseous carbon monoxide, as well as antimicrobial and anti-fungi agents due to their biological activity. Radioactive labeling based on the short-lived metastable nuclide technetium-99m (99mTc) for biomedical use as heart, lung, kidney, bone, brain, liver or cancer imaging agents is also discussed. Finally, the promising applications of technetium labeling of nanomaterials, with potential applications as drug transport and delivery vehicles, radiotherapeutic agents or radiotracers for monitoring metabolic pathways, are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana V Kharissova
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, Monterrey, N.L. C.P. 66450, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Méndez-Rojas
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Sta. Catarina Mártir, Cholula, Puebla. C.P. 72810, Mexico
| | - Boris I Kharisov
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, Monterrey, N.L. C.P. 66450, Mexico.
| | - Ubaldo Ortiz Méndez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, Monterrey, N.L. C.P. 66450, Mexico
| | - Perla Elizondo Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, Monterrey, N.L. C.P. 66450, Mexico
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Li J, Zheng L, Cai H, Sun W, Shen M, Zhang G, Shi X. Facile one-pot synthesis of Fe3O4@Au composite nanoparticles for dual-mode MR/CT imaging applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:10357-66. [PMID: 24063810 DOI: 10.1021/am4034526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A facile one-pot hydrothermal approach to synthesizing Fe3O4@Au composite nanoparticles (CNPs) for dual-mode magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) imaging applications is reported. In this work, polyethyleneimine (PEI) partially modified with poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether (mPEG) was used as a stabilizer to form gold NPs (mPEG-PEI.NH2-Au NPs) with the assistance of sodium borohydride reduction. The mPEG-PEI.NH2-Au NPs were then mixed with iron(II) salt in a basic aqueous solution followed by treatment under an elevated temperature and pressure. This hydrothermal process led to the formation of Fe3O4@Au-mPEG-PEI.NH2 CNPs. The remaining PEI amine groups were finally acetylated to reduce the surface positive charge of the CNPs. The formed Fe3O4@Au-mPEG-PEI.NHAc (Fe3O4@Au) CNPs were characterized via different techniques. The combined in vitro cell viability assay, cell morphology observation, flow cytometry, and hemolysis assay data show that the formed Fe3O4@Au CNPs are noncytotoxic and hemocompatible in the given concentration range. MR and CT imaging data reveal that the formed Fe3O4@Au CNPs have a relatively high r2 relaxivity (146.07 mM(-1) s(-1)) and good X-ray attenuation property, which enables their uses as contrast agents for MR imaging of mouse liver and CT imaging of rat liver and aorta. The Fe3O4@Au CNPs developed via the facile one-pot approach may have promising potential for the dual-mode MR/CT imaging of different biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University , Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
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Arima H, Motoyama K, Higashi T. Sugar-appended polyamidoamine dendrimer conjugates with cyclodextrins as cell-specific non-viral vectors. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1204-14. [PMID: 23602906 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The widespread use of various cyclodextrin (CyD)-appended polymers and polyrotaxanes as gene carriers has been reported. Among the various polyamidoamine dendrimer (dendrimer) conjugates with CyDs (CDE), the dendrimer (G3) conjugate with α-CyD having an average degree of substitution (DS) of 2.4 (α-CDE (G3, DS 2)) displayed remarkable properties as DNA carriers. In an attempt to develop cell-specific gene transfer carriers, we prepared some sugar-appended α-CDEs, e.g. mannosylated, galactosylated, and lactosylated α-CDEs. In addition, PEGylated Lac-α-CDEs (G3) were prepared and evaluated as a hepatocyte-selective and serum-resistant gene transfer carrier. Moreover, PEGylated-α-CDE/CyD polypseudorotaxane systems for novel sustained DNA release system have been developed. Interestingly, glucronylglucosyl-β-cyclodextrin (GUG-β-CyD) conjugates with dendrimer (G2) (GUG-β-CDE (G2)) had superior gene transfer activity to α-CDE (G2), expecting a development of new series of sugar-appended CDEs over α-CDEs (G2). Collectively, sugar-appended α-CDEs have the potential as novel cell-specific and safe carriers for DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Arima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.
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Mignani S, Kazzouli SE, Bousmina M, Majoral JP. Dendrimer space concept for innovative nanomedicine: A futuristic vision for medicinal chemistry. Prog Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Mignani S, Majoral JP. Dendrimers as macromolecular tools to tackle from colon to brain tumor types: a concise overview. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj00300k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Cai H, Li K, Shen M, Wen S, Luo Y, Peng C, Zhang G, Shi X. Facile assembly of Fe3O4@Au nanocomposite particles for dual mode magnetic resonance and computed tomography imaging applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm16851k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Shao N, Su Y, Hu J, Zhang J, Zhang H, Cheng Y. Comparison of generation 3 polyamidoamine dendrimer and generation 4 polypropylenimine dendrimer on drug loading, complex structure, release behavior, and cytotoxicity. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:3361-72. [PMID: 22267921 PMCID: PMC3260030 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s27028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) and polypropylenimine (PPI) dendrimers are the commercially available and most widely used dendrimers in pharmaceutical sciences and biomedical engineering. In the present study, the loading and release behaviors of generation 3 PAMAM and generation 4 PPI dendrimers with the same amount of surface amine groups (32 per dendrimer) were compared using phenylbutazone as a model drug. METHODS The dendrimer-phenylbutazone complexes were characterized by (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance and nuclear Overhauser effect techniques, and the cytotoxicity of each dendrimer was evaluated. RESULTS Aqueous solubility results suggest that the generation 3 PAMAM dendrimer has a much higher loading ability towards phenylbutazone in comparison with the generation 4 PPI dendrimer at high phenylbutazone-dendrimer feeding ratios. Drug release was much slower from the generation 3 PAMAM matrix than from the generation 4 PPI dendrimer. In addition, the generation 3 PAMAM dendrimer is at least 50-fold less toxic than generation 4 PPI dendrimer on MCF-7 and A549 cell lines. CONCLUSION Although the nuclear Overhauser effect nuclear magnetic resonance results reveal that the generation 4 PPI dendrimer with a more hydrophobic interior encapsulates more phenylbutazone, the PPI dendrimer-phenylbutazone inclusion is not stable in aqueous solution, which poses a great challenge during drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naimin Shao
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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