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Aoki T, Nakagawa Y, Genjima R, Koumoto K. Structural effect of amine N-oxides on the facilitation of α-glucosidase-catalyzed hydrolysis reactions. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 43:541-548. [PMID: 31741084 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02248-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Activation and stabilization of enzymes is an important issue in their industrial application. We recently reported that synthetic betaines, derived from cellular metabolites, structure-dependently increased the activity and stability of various enzymes including hydrolases, oxidases, and synthetases simply by mixing them into the reaction buffer. In this report, we focus on amine N-oxides, which are similarly important metabolites in cells with a highly polarized N-oxide bond, and investigate their enzyme stabilization and activation behavior. It was revealed that synthetic amine N-oxides structure-dependently activate α-glucosidase-catalyzed hydrolysis reactions similarly to betaines. The subsequent comparison of the kinetic parameters, the optimal concentration range for activation, and the maximal activity, suggested that amine N-oxides facilitate hydrolysis reactions via the same mechanism as betaines, because no differences were confirmed. However, the enzyme stabilization effect of amine N-oxides was slightly superior to that of betaines and the temporal stability of the enzyme in aqueous solutions was higher in the low amine N-oxide concentration range. The rheological properties, CD spectra, and dynamic fluorescence quenching experiments suggested that the suppression of unfavorable conformational perturbation was related to the difference in the hydration environments provided by the surrounding water molecules. Thus, we clarified that amine N-oxides facilitate enzyme reactions as a result of their similarity to betaines and provide a superior stabilizing effect for enzymes. Amine N-oxides show potential for application in enzyme storage and long-term reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Aoki
- Department of Nanobiochemistry, FIRST (Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology), Konan University, 7-1-20 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nakagawa
- Department of Nanobiochemistry, FIRST (Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology), Konan University, 7-1-20 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Genjima
- Department of Nanobiochemistry, FIRST (Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology), Konan University, 7-1-20 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kazuya Koumoto
- Department of Nanobiochemistry, FIRST (Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology), Konan University, 7-1-20 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
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Jiang J, Yu Y, Wang L, Li J, Ling J, Li Y, Duan G. Enzyme immobilized on polyamidoamine-coated magnetic microspheres for α-glucosidase inhibitors screening from Radix Paeoniae Rubra extracts accompanied with molecular modeling. Talanta 2018; 195:127-136. [PMID: 30625522 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a method for direct screening and identification of α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) from extracts of natural products was established based on polyamidoamine (PAMAM) coated magnetic microspheres. A facile route to synthesize the magnetic PAMAM was employed and α-glucosidase was successfully covalently attached to its surface through cross linking of glutaraldehyde. Using the enzyme-loaded magnetic microspheres, potential inhibitors were fished out from crude extracts directly, followed by structure confirmation. The inhibitory activities of the screened components were further investigated by the enzyme-loaded magnetic microspheres. The Fe3O4 @PAMAM@α-Glu microspheres displayed favorable dispersibility, fast magnetic separation, large enzyme binding amount (42.9 μg•mg-1) and high enzyme activity. Moreover, the α-glucosidase on the surface of PAMAM coating maintained high storage stability and remarkable reusability. Taking advantage of specific interaction of the α-glucosidase with AGIs, the materials could selectively capture a known AGI (+)-catechin under the interference of an inactive compound salicylic acid, with a binding capacity as high as 15.4%. Additionally, using the Fe3O4 @PAMAM@α-Glu microspheres in the inhibition assay, the enzymatic reaction could be stopped by magnetic separation instead of the traditional addition of Na2CO3 solution, which not only eliminated the disturbance of termination reagent to the results, but also reused the immobilized α-glucosidase. The screening and inhibitory activity verification of potential ligands in Radix Paeoniae Rubra ("Chi-shao" in Chinese) extracts were achieved by using Fe3O4 @PAMAM@α-Glu microspheres, demonstrating practical applicability of our method. Therefore, the magnetic PAMAM-based screening approach could be a feasible and alternative strategy for discovering enzyme inhibitors from natural product extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiebing Jiang
- Fudan University Affiliated Pudong Medical Center & Pharmaceutical Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yingjia Yu
- Fudan University Affiliated Pudong Medical Center & Pharmaceutical Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, 259 Xikang Road, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Fudan University Affiliated Pudong Medical Center & Pharmaceutical Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jin Ling
- Department of Biochemical Drugs and Biological Products, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, No.1500 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Li
- Fudan University Affiliated Pudong Medical Center & Pharmaceutical Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Gengli Duan
- Fudan University Affiliated Pudong Medical Center & Pharmaceutical Analysis Department, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Itoh
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering and ‡Center for Research
on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
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Sehata S, Nakagawa Y, Genjima R, Koumoto K. Quick Activation/Stabilization of a α-Glucosidase-catalyzed Hydrolysis Reaction by Addition of a Betaine-type Metabolite Analogue. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Increased yield of β-glucosidase-catalyzed hydrolysis reactions in the presence of betaine-type metabolite analog. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 40:153-159. [PMID: 27655352 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1684-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
β-Glucosidases (EC 3.2.1.21), abundant enzymes distributed in animals, plants and microorganism, has been generating lots of attentions for bioethanol production from cellulosic biomass. In this study, using three different origins of β-glucosidases, glucose productivity of β-glucosidase-catalyzed hydrolysis reactions in the presence of synthetic betaine-type metabolite analog (2-N,N,N-tri-n-butylammonium) acetate, was investigated. By the addition of the analog, the hydrolysis yields for all β-glucosidases was highly improved from 4-13 to 64-100 %. To understand the factors affecting on the yield enhancements, the kinetic parameters, inhibition constants of end-product and temporal stability of β-glucosidases were compared. As a result, enhancement of the yields is mainly related to the increase in the temporal stability of β-glucosidases in the presence of the analog. The present findings lead to not only improve the glucose productivity of β-glucosidase-catalyzed hydrolysis reaction toward bioethanol production but also apply to a new stabilization method for various unstable enzymes.
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Takagi K, Kashima Y, Fujii S, Koumoto K. Enhanced Chromogenic Sensitivity of Horseradish Peroxidase-Catalyzed Oxidative Reactions in the Presence of Betaine-Type Metabolite Analogs. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20150050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kotomi Takagi
- Department of Nanobiochemistry, FIRST (Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology), Konan University
| | | | - Satoshi Fujii
- Department of Nanobiochemistry, FIRST (Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology), Konan University
| | - Kazuya Koumoto
- Department of Nanobiochemistry, FIRST (Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology), Konan University
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Nakagawa Y, Takagi K, Genjima R, Koumoto K. Significance of anionic functional group in betaine-type metabolite analogs on the facilitation of enzyme reactions. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015; 38:1811-7. [PMID: 26025639 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1422-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Using synthetic sulfobetaine library, the enzyme activation behavior has been investigated. Comparison of enzyme activation behavior revealed that sulfobetaines equally facilitate enzyme reactions, being consistent with that of carboxybetaines. The subsequent kinetic and solution property analyses clarified that both the kinetic parameter and hydration property changes are identical with those of carboxybetaines, indicating that the difference in the anionic functional group of the betaine structure scarcely affects the enzyme activation. On the other hand, comparison of carboxy- or sulfo-betaines with tetraalkylammonium salts, whose counteranion binds to the ammonium cation intermolecularly, revealed that the activation ability for enzymes of tetraalkylammonium salts is considerably smaller than that of carboxy- or sulfo-betaines. These findings give us a hint to design the useful betaine-type enzyme activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Nakagawa
- Department of Nanobiochemistry, FIRST (Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology), Konan University, 7-1-20 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
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Cryoprotective ability of betaine-type metabolite analogs during freezing denaturation of enzymes. Biotechnol Lett 2015; 37:1607-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-015-1841-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nakagawa Y, Sehata S, Fujii S, Yamamoto H, Tsuda A, Koumoto K. Mechanistic study on the facilitation of enzymatic hydrolysis by α-glucosidase in the presence of betaine-type metabolite analogs. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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