1
|
Zhu R, Jiang G, Tang W, Zhao X, Chen F, Zhang X, Ye N. Aporphines: A privileged scaffold in CNS drug discovery. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 256:115414. [PMID: 37172474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Aporphine alkaloids embedded in 4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline four-ring structures belong to one of the largest subclasses of isoquinoline alkaloids. Aporphine is a privileged scaffold in the field of organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry for the discovery of new therapeutic agents for central nervous system (CNS) diseases, cancer, metabolic syndrome, and other diseases. In the past few decades, aporphine has attracted continuing interest to be widely used to develop selective or multitarget directed ligands (MTDLs) targeting the CNS (e.g., dopamine D1/2/5, serotonin 5-HT1A/2A/2C and 5-HT7, adrenergic α/β receptors, and cholinesterase enzymes), thereby serving as valuable pharmacological probes for mechanism studies or as potential leads for CNS drug discovery. The aims of the present review are to highlight the diverse CNS activities of aporphines, discuss their SAR, and briefly summarize general synthetic routes, which will pave the way for the design and development of new aporphine derivatives as promising CNS active drugs in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongfeng Zhu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Guangqian Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Wanyu Tang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xiaobao Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Na Ye
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Namballa HK, Madapa S, Sigalapalli DK, Harding WW. Semisynthetic Transformations on (+)-Boldine Reveal a 5-HT 2A/2CR Antagonist. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2149-2158. [PMID: 36001775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aporphine alkaloids have shown affinity for serotonin receptors (5-HTRs), and there has been a recent upsurge of interest in aporphines as 5-HT2CR ligands. 1,2,9,10-Tetraoxygenated aporphine alkaloids in particular have demonstrated good affinity for 5-HTRs. In continued efforts to understand the impacts of structural modification of the 1,2,9,10-tetraoxygenated aporphine template on affinity, selectivity, and activity at 5-HT2R subtypes, we used (+)-boldine (8) as a semisynthetic feedstock in the preparation of C-2-alkoxylated (+)-predicentrine analogues. Compound 10n, which contains a benzyloxy group at C-2, has been identified as a novel 5-HT2CR ligand with strong affinity (4 nM) and moderate selectivity versus 5-HT2BR and 5-HT2AR (12-fold and 6-fold, respectively). Compound 10n functions as an antagonist at 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors. Computational experiments indicate that several hydrophobic interactions as well as strong H-bond and salt bridge interactions between the protonated amine moiety in 10n and Asp134 are responsible for the potent 5-HT2CR affinity of this compound. Furthermore, compound 10n displays favorable predicted drug-like characteristics, which is encouraging toward future optimization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hari K Namballa
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Sudharshan Madapa
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Dilep K Sigalapalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vignan Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Vadlamudi 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Wayne W Harding
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yadav L, Shyamlal BRK, Tiwari MK, Rahaman T A A, Sen J, Chaudhary S. Unprecedented TMEDA-Catalyzed Regioselective Decarboalkoxy C-N Bond Formation: A Unified Direct Access to Indolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline and Dibenzopyrrocoline Alkaloids. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200398. [PMID: 35615980 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented TMEDA-catalyzed, regioselective, decarboethoxy direct C-N coupling protocol towards the synthesis of dibenzopyrocolines 17a - i and 5,6-dihydroindolo[2,1 a ]isoquinoline 15a - f / 18a-c alkaloids via the identification of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine ( TMEDA ) as a homogeneous catalyst is reported. The transition-metal-free, TMEDA-catalytic novel protocol is operationally simple and showed a wide range of functional group tolerance and substrate compatibility. The gram-scale application and synthesis of naturally occurring Cryptaustoline (dibenzopyrocoline) alkaloid, further highlights the importance and versatile nature of the developed protocol. This finding also offers a TMEDA-catalyzed direct synthesis of dibenzopyrocolines and substituted 5,6dihydroindolo[2,1 -a ]isoquinoline compounds in a one-pot. The probable reaction pathway involves the free-radical sequential approach via a single electron transfer (SET) mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Yadav
- Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, 302017, Jaipur, INDIA
| | | | - Mohit Kumar Tiwari
- Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, 302017, Jaipur, INDIA
| | - Abdul Rahaman T A
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Raebareli, Department of Medicinal Chemsitry, NIPER-Raebareli, Transit Campus,, Ahmedpur-Kamplapur, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, 226002, Lucknow, INDIA
| | - Janmejaya Sen
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Raebareli, Department of Medicinal Chemsitry, NIPER-Raebareli, Transit Campus,, Ahmedpur-Kamplapur, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, 226002, Lucknow, INDIA
| | - Sandeep Chaudhary
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Raebareli, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Transit Campus, Ahmedpur-Kamplapur, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, India, 226002, Lucknow, INDIA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lv J, Li ZH, Deng AJ, Qin HL. A unified total synthesis of benzo[ d][1,3]dioxole-type benzylisoquinoline alkaloids of aporphines, coptisines, and dibenzopyrrocolines. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 20:658-666. [PMID: 34951439 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02258j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of (S)-(+)-ovigerine, (S)-(+)-N-formylovigerine, and (6aS,6a'S)-(+)-ovigeridimerine of aporphine alkaloids with a benzo[d][1,3]dioxole structure feature was established. The strategy was based upon the well-known Pd-catalyzed arylation to set the aporphine framework, and Noyori asymmetric hydrogenation followed by diastereoselective resolution to achieve excellent enantioselectivity. By slightly modifying the total synthetic route and strategically combining it with a aza-Michael addition, Bischler-Napieralski reaction and N-arylation, this methodology was also applied to the total syntheses of benzo[d][1,3]dioxole-type benzylisoquinoline alkaloids of coptisines and dibenzopyrrocolines, including two impatiens, tetrahydrocoptisine, and quaternary coptisine bromide of coptisines and two dibenzopyrrocoline analogues, with the syntheses of all of these target compounds being efficient. Among the nine synthesized compounds, the total syntheses of the three aporphines and the two impatiens, all with ee values of greater than 99%, were reported for the first time. This work also represents the first unification of synthetic routes for the total synthesis of benzo[d][1,3]dioxole-type aporphines, coptisines, and dibenzopyrrocolines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Zhi-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - An-Jun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Hai-Lin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yadav RK, Sharma R, Gautam D, Joshi J, Chaudhary S. Lewis Acid/Oxidant as Rapid Regioselective Halogenating Reagent System for Direct Halogenation of Fused Bi‐/Tri‐cyclic Hetero‐Aromatic Congeners
via
−H bond Functionalization. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kant Yadav
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry (OMC lab) Department of Chemistry Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Jawaharlal Nehru Marg Jaipur 302017 India
- Department of Chemistry Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Jawaharlal Nehru Marg Jaipur 302017 India
| | - Richa Sharma
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry (OMC lab) Department of Chemistry Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Jawaharlal Nehru Marg Jaipur 302017 India
| | - Deepak Gautam
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry (OMC lab) Department of Chemistry Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Jawaharlal Nehru Marg Jaipur 302017 India
| | - Jyoti Joshi
- Department of Chemistry Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Jawaharlal Nehru Marg Jaipur 302017 India
| | - Sandeep Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry (OMC lab) Department of Chemistry Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Jawaharlal Nehru Marg Jaipur 302017 India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Heng HL, Chee CF, Thy CK, Tee JT, Chin SP, Herr DR, Buckle MJC, Paterson IC, Doughty SW, Abd Rahman N, Chung LY. In vitro functional evaluation of isolaureline, dicentrine and glaucine enantiomers at 5-HT 2 and α 1 receptors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 93:132-138. [PMID: 30216681 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Compounds with activity at serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) 5-HT2 and α1 adrenergic receptors have potential for the treatment of central nervous system disorders, drug addiction or overdose. Isolaureline, dicentrine and glaucine enantiomers were synthesized, and their in vitro functional activities at human 5-HT2 and adrenergic α1 receptor subtypes were evaluated. The enantiomers of isolaureline and dicentrine acted as antagonists at 5-HT2 and α1 receptors with (R)-isolaureline showing the greatest potency (pKb = 8.14 at the 5-HT2C receptor). Both (R)- and (S)-glaucine also antagonized α1 receptors, but they behaved very differently to the other compounds at 5-HT2 receptors: (S)-glaucine acted as a partial agonist at all three 5-HT2 receptor subtypes, whereas (R)-glaucine appeared to act as a positive allosteric modulator at the 5-HT2A receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li Heng
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chin Fei Chee
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chun Keng Thy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jia Ti Tee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Sciences and Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sek Peng Chin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Deron R Herr
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael J C Buckle
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ian C Paterson
- Department of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Sciences and Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Noorsaadah Abd Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lip Yong Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Marchant JS, Harding WW, Chan JD. Structure-activity profiling of alkaloid natural product pharmacophores against a Schistosoma serotonin receptor. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2018; 8:550-558. [PMID: 30297303 PMCID: PMC6287472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) is an important regulator of numerous aspects of flatworm biology, ranging from neuromuscular function to sexual maturation and egg laying. In the parasitic blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni, 5-HT targets several G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), one of which has been demonstrated to couple to cAMP and regulate parasite movement. This receptor, Sm.5HTRL, has been successfully co-expressed in mammalian cells alongside a luminescent cAMP-biosensor, enabling pharmacological profiling for candidate anti-schistosomal drugs. Here, we have utilized this assay to perform structure-activity investigations of 143 compounds containing previously identified alkaloid natural product pharmacophores (tryptamines, aporphines and protoberberines) shown to regulate Sm.5HTRL. These experiments mapped regions of the tryptamine pharmacophore amenable and intolerant to substitution, highlighting differences relative to orthologous mammalian 5-HT receptors. Potent Sm.5HTRL antagonists were identified, and the efficacy of these compounds were evaluated against live adult parasites cultured ex vivo. Such structure-activity profiling, characterizing the effect of various modifications to these core ring systems on Sm.5HTRL responses, provides greater understanding of pharmacophores selective for this target to aid future drug development efforts. Various alkaloids were screened against a schistosome serotonin receptor, Sm.5HTRL. Compounds with a tryptamine core displayed agonist activity at Sm.5HTRL. Aporphine and protoberberine compounds displayed antagonist activity at Sm.5HTRL. Compound activity at Sm.5HTRL is broadly mirrored by motility effects on adult worms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S Marchant
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 533226, USA
| | - Wayne W Harding
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10065, USA; Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA; Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - John D Chan
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 533226, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sharma V, Jaiswal PK, Kumar S, Mathur M, Swami AK, Yadav DK, Chaudhary S. Discovery of Aporphine Analogues as Potential Antiplatelet and Antioxidant Agents: Design, Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationships, Biological Evaluations, and in silico Molecular Docking Studies. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1817-1832. [PMID: 30088331 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
To explore the potential of aporphine alkaloids, a novel series of functionalized aporphine analogues with alkoxy (OCH3 , OC2 H5 , OC3 H7 ) functional groups at C1/C2 of ring A and an acyl (COCH3 and COPh) or phenylsulfonyl (SO2 Ph and SO2 C6 H4 -3-CH3 ) functionality at the N6 position of ring B of the aporphine scaffold were synthesized and evaluated for their arachidonic acid (AA)-induced antiplatelet aggregation inhibitory activity and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical-scavenging antioxidant activity, with acetylsalicylic acid and ascorbic acid as standard references, respectively. The preliminary structure-activity relationship related to AA-induced platelet aggregation inhibitory activity results showed that the aporphine analogues 1-[1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-6a,7-dihydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinolin-6(5H)-yl]ethanone and 1-[2-(benzyloxy)-1,9,10-trimethoxy-6a,7-dihydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinolin-6(5H)-yl]ethanone to be the best compounds of the series. Moreover, the DPPH free-radical-scavenging antioxidant activity results demonstrated that the aporphine analogues 1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-6-(methylsulfonyl)-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline, 2-ethoxy-1,9,10-trimethoxy-6-(methylsulfonyl)-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline, 1-ethoxy-2,9,10-trimethoxy-6-(methylsulfonyl)-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline, 2,9,10-trimethoxy-6-(methylsulfonyl)-1-propoxy-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline, and 1-(benzyloxy)-2,9,10-trimethoxy-6-(methylsulfonyl)-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline were the best compounds of the series. Moreover, in silico molecular docking simulation studies of the active analogues were also performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vashundhra Sharma
- Laboratory of Organic & Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Pradeep K Jaiswal
- Laboratory of Organic & Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Surendra Kumar
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Manas Mathur
- Department of Advance Molecular Microbiology, Seminal Applied Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur, 302015, India
| | - Ajit K Swami
- Department of Advance Molecular Microbiology, Seminal Applied Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur, 302015, India
| | - Dharmendra K Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sandeep Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Organic & Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur, 302017, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Heng HL, Chee CF, Chin SP, Ouyang Y, Wang H, Buckle MJC, Herr DR, Paterson IC, Doughty SW, Abd Rahman N, Chung LY. Synthesis and evaluation of nuciferine and roemerine enantiomers as 5-HT 2 and α 1 receptor antagonists. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:576-582. [PMID: 30108948 PMCID: PMC6072365 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00629b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the (S)-enantiomers of the aporphine alkaloids, nuciferine and roemerine, were prepared via a synthetic route involving catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation and both stereoisomers were evaluated in vitro for functional activity at human 5-HT2 and adrenergic α1 receptor subtypes using a transforming growth factor-α shedding assay. Both enantiomers of each of the compounds were found to act as antagonists at 5-HT2 and α1 receptors. (R)-roemerine was the most potent compound at 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors (pKb = 7.8-7.9) with good selectivity compared to (S)-roemerine at these two receptors and compared to its activity at 5-HT2B, α1A, α1B and α1D receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li Heng
- Department of Pharmacy , Faculty of Medicine , University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia . ; ; ; Tel: +60 3 79674959
| | - Chin Fei Chee
- Department of Pharmacy , Faculty of Medicine , University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia . ; ; ; Tel: +60 3 79674959
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Sek Peng Chin
- Department of Pharmacy , Faculty of Medicine , University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia . ; ; ; Tel: +60 3 79674959
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Yifan Ouyang
- School of Pharmacy , Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , 750004 , P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Pharmacy , Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , 750004 , P. R. China
| | - Michael J C Buckle
- Department of Pharmacy , Faculty of Medicine , University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia . ; ; ; Tel: +60 3 79674959
| | - Deron R Herr
- Department of Pharmacology , Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , National University of Singapore , 117597 Singapore
| | - Ian C Paterson
- Department of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Sciences and Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre , Faculty of Dentistry , University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Stephen W Doughty
- Penang Medical College , 4 Jalan Sepoy Lines , 10450 George Town , Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
| | - Noorsaadah Abd Rahman
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Lip Yong Chung
- Department of Pharmacy , Faculty of Medicine , University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia . ; ; ; Tel: +60 3 79674959
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yan Q, Li R, Xin A, Han Y, Zhang Y, Liu J, Li W, Di D. Design, synthesis, and anticancer properties of isocorydine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:6542-6553. [PMID: 29103873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Isocorydine (ICD), an aporphine alkaloid, is widely distributed in nature. Its ability to target side population (SP) cells found in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) makes it and its derivative 8-amino-isocorydine (NICD) promising chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of HCC. To improve the anticancer activity of isocorydine derivatives, twenty derivatives of NICD were designed and synthesized through chemical structure modifications of the aromatic amino group at C-8. The anti-proliferative activities of all synthesized compounds against human hepatocellular (HepG2), cervical (HeLa), and gastric (MGC-803) cancer cell lines were evaluated using an MTT assay. The results showed that all the synthetic compounds had some tumor cell growth inhibitory activity. The compound COM33 (24) was the most active with IC50 values under 10 μM (IC50 for HepG2 = 7.51 µM; IC50 for HeLa = 6.32 μM). FICD (12) and COM33 (24) were selected for further investigation of their in vitro and in vivo activities due to their relatively good antiproliferative properties. These two compounds significantly downregulated the expression of four key proteins (C-Myc, β-Catenin, CylinD1, and Ki67) in HepG2 cells. The tumor inhibition rate of COM33 (24) in vivo was 73.8% after a dose 100 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection and the combined inhibition rate of COM33 (24) (50 mg/kg) with sorafenib (50 mg/kg) was 66.5%. The results indicated that these isocorydine derivatives could potentially be used as targeted chemotherapy agents or could be further developed in combination with conventional chemotherapy drugs to target cancer stem cells (CSCs) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), the main therapeutic targets in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, PR China
| | - Ruxia Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Gansu Key Laboratory of Preclinical Studies for New Drugs, Institute of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Aiyi Xin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, PR China
| | - Yin Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Junxi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Wenguang Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Preclinical Studies for New Drugs, Institute of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Duolong Di
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ponnala S, Kapadia N, Madapa S, Alberts IL, Harding WW. Synthesis and evaluation of aporphine analogs containing C1 allyl isosteres at the h5-HT(2A) receptor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:5102-6. [PMID: 26475518 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of C1 aporphine analogs related to compound 5 and that contain substituted allylic, alkynyl, nitrile, ester and benzyl groups was synthesized and evaluated for affinity at h5HT2A and α1A receptors in functional activity assays that measure calcium release. The presence of branched allylic substituent groups diminished affinity for the h5HT2A receptor. Likewise, the alkynyl, nitrile and ester derivatives evaluated displayed lower 5-HT2A receptor affinity as compared to 5. Hydrophobic, steric and electronic effects impact the affinity of p-substituted benzyl derivatives 8i-8k but in different ways. High hydrophobicity and size favor 5-HT2A affinity whereas, high electronegativity disfavors 5-HT2A affinity. p-Bromobenzyl analog 8k was identified as a 5-HT2A receptor selective ligand, with the highest 5-HT2A receptor affinity of any aporphine known to date. Most of the other analogs were selective for the 5-HT2A versus the α1A receptor. ChemScore binding energies from docking studies correlated qualitatively with the observed trends in affinity for 8i-8k, although the binding energies were not well differentiated quantitatively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shashikanth Ponnala
- Hunter College, City University of New York, Department of Chemistry, 695 Park Avenue, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nirav Kapadia
- Hunter College, City University of New York, Department of Chemistry, 695 Park Avenue, NY 10065, USA; The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sudharshan Madapa
- Hunter College, City University of New York, Department of Chemistry, 695 Park Avenue, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ian L Alberts
- LaGuardia Community College, Department of Chemistry, 31-10 Thompson Avenue, LIC, NY 11104, USA
| | - Wayne W Harding
- Hunter College, City University of New York, Department of Chemistry, 695 Park Avenue, NY 10065, USA; The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kapadia N, Harding WW. C4 phenyl aporphines with selective h5-HT(2B) receptor affinity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:3451-4. [PMID: 26227772 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A group of aporphine alkaloids related to (±)-nantenine (1) and bearing a C4 phenyl and various C1 or N-substituents, was synthesized and evaluated for affinity to h5-HT receptors. In general, unlike nantenine, the analogs lack affinity for the h5-HT(2A) receptor and other 5-HT receptors but bind selectively to the h5-HT(2B) receptor. With regards to 5-HT(2B) affinity, there appears to be a low tolerance for bulky C1 or N-substituents when the C4 phenyl moiety is present. Compound 5a had the highest 5-HT(2B) affinity of the compounds tested, was found to be an antagonist and is selective vs other CNS receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nirav Kapadia
- Chemistry Dept., Hunter College, CUNY, 695 Park Avenue, NY 10065, USA; The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, NY 10016, USA
| | - Wayne W Harding
- Chemistry Dept., Hunter College, CUNY, 695 Park Avenue, NY 10065, USA; The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, NY 10016, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Madapa S, Harding WW. Semisynthetic Studies on and Biological Evaluation of N-Methyllaurotetanine Analogues as Ligands for 5-HT Receptors. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:722-729. [PMID: 25695425 DOI: 10.1021/np500893h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
N-Methyllaurotetanine (1) has been reported to display good affinity for the 5-HT1A receptor, but no structure-affinity studies have been performed to date. The commercially available alkaloid boldine (2) was used as the starting material for synthesis of various C-9 alkoxy analogues of N-methyllaurotetanine in order to gauge the effect of C-9 alkylation on affinity and selectivity at 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT7 receptors. Mitsunobu reactions were implemented in the alkylation steps leading to the analogues. Modest improvement in 5-HT1A affinity was observed upon alkylation for most analogues. Thus, the C-9 hydroxy group of 1 is not critical for affinity to the 5-HT1A receptor. Some analogues displayed high affinity for the 5-HT7 receptor, comparable to N-methyllaurotetanine, with moderate selectivity vs 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudharshan Madapa
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, , 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Wayne W Harding
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, , 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ponnala S, Kapadia N, Harding WW. Identification of tris-(phenylalkyl)amines as new selective h5-HT2B receptor antagonists. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00418c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of tris-(phenylalkyl)amines was synthesized and evaluated for affinity to 5-HT2 receptors. In general, the compounds displayed high affinity (4 of 11 analogs had Ki values < 10 nM) and good selectivity for the 5-HT2B receptor vs. other 5-HT2 receptors. Functional assays revealed that the compounds are 5-HT2B antagonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nirav Kapadia
- Chemistry Dept
- Hunter College
- CUNY
- USA
- The Graduate Center
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ponnala S, Kapadia N, Navarro HA, Harding WW. Aporphinoid antagonists of 5-HT2A receptors: further evaluation of ring A substituents and the size of ring C. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 84:558-66. [PMID: 24766771 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of ring A-modified analogs of nantenine as well as structural variants in ring C were synthesized and evaluated for antagonist activity at 5-HT2A and α1A receptors. Halogenation improves 5-HT2A antagonist potency in molecules containing a C1 methoxyl/C2 methoxyl or C1 methoxyl/C2 hydroxyl moiety. Bromination or iodination (but not chlorination) with the latter moiety also significantly increased α1A antagonist potency. Homologation or contraction of ring C adversely affected antagonist activity at both receptors, implying that a six-membered ring C motif is beneficial for high antagonist potency at both receptors. Molecular docking studies suggest that the improved antagonist activity (by virtue of improved affinity) of C3-halogenated aporphines in this study is attributable to favorable interactions with the C3 halogen and F339 and/or F340.
Collapse
|
16
|
Ponnala S, Gonzales J, Kapadia N, Navarro HA, Harding WW. Evaluation of structural effects on 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonism by aporphines: identification of a new aporphine with 5-HT(2A) antagonist activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:1664-7. [PMID: 24630561 PMCID: PMC4022183 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A set of aporphine analogs related to nantenine was evaluated for antagonist activity at 5-HT2A and α1A adrenergic receptors. With regards to 5-HT2A receptor antagonism, a C2 allyl group is detrimental to activity. The chiral center of nantenine is not important for 5-HT2A antagonist activity, however the N6 nitrogen atom is a critical feature for 5-HT2A antagonism. Compound 12b was the most potent 5-HT2A aporphine antagonist identified in this study and has similar potency to previously identified aporphine antagonists 2 and 3. The ring A and N6 modifications examined were detrimental to α1A antagonism. A slight eutomeric preference for the R enantiomer of nantenine was observed in relation to α1A antagonism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Junior Gonzales
- Chemistry Dept., Hunter College, CUNY, 695 Park Avenue, NY 10065, USA; The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 5th Ave., NY 10016, USA
| | - Nirav Kapadia
- Chemistry Dept., Hunter College, CUNY, 695 Park Avenue, NY 10065, USA; The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 5th Ave., NY 10016, USA
| | - Hernan A Navarro
- Center for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Wayne W Harding
- Chemistry Dept., Hunter College, CUNY, 695 Park Avenue, NY 10065, USA; The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 5th Ave., NY 10016, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ponnala S, Harding WW. A New Route to Azafluoranthene Natural Products via Direct Arylation. European J Org Chem 2013; 3013:1107-1115. [PMID: 23503080 PMCID: PMC3597128 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Microwave-assisted direct arylation was successfully employed in the synthesis of azafluoranthene alkaloids for the first time. Direct arylation reactions on a diverse set of phenyltetrahydroisoquinolines produces the indeno[1,2,3-ij]isoquinoline nucleus en route to a high yielding azafluoranthene synthesis. The method was used as a key step in the efficient preparation of the natural products rufescine and triclisine. As demonstrated herein, this synthetic approach should be generally applicable to the preparation of natural and un-natural azafluoranthene alkaloids as well as "azafluoranthene-like" isoquinoline alkaloids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shashikanth Ponnala
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wayne W. Harding
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Munusamy V, Yap BK, Buckle MJC, Doughty SW, Chung LY. Structure-Based Identification of Aporphines with Selective 5-HT2AReceptor-Binding Activity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2012; 81:250-6. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|