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Islam MR, Dhar PS, Akash S, Syed SH, Gupta JK, Gandla K, Akter M, Rauf A, Hemeg HA, Anwar Y, Aljohny BO, Wilairatana P. Bioactive molecules from terrestrial and seafood resources in hypertension treatment: focus on molecular mechanisms and targeted therapies. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:45. [PMID: 37902881 PMCID: PMC10616036 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00411-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN), a complex cardiovascular disease (CVD), significantly impacts global health, prompting a growing interest in complementary and alternative therapeutic approaches. This review article seeks to provide an up-to-date and thorough summary of modern therapeutic techniques for treating HTN, with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms of action found in substances found in plants, herbs, and seafood. Bioactive molecules have been a significant source of novel therapeutics and are crucial in developing and testing new HTN remedies. Recent advances in science have made it possible to understand the complex molecular mechanisms underlying blood pressure (BP)-regulating effects of these natural substances better. Polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and peptides are examples of bioactive compounds that have demonstrated promise in influencing several pathways involved in regulating vascular tone, reducing oxidative stress (OS), reducing inflammation, and improving endothelial function. The article explains the vasodilatory, diuretic, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) modifying properties of vital plants such as garlic and olive leaf. Phytochemicals from plants are the primary in traditional drug development as models for novel antihypertensive drugs, providing diverse strategies to combat HTN due to their biological actions. The review also discusses the functions of calcium channel blockers originating from natural sources, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and nitric oxide (NO) donors. Including seafood components in this study demonstrates the increased interest in using bioactive chemicals originating from marine sources to treat HTN. Omega-3 fatty acids, peptides, and minerals obtained from seafood sources have anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and antioxidant properties that improve vascular health and control BP. Overall, we discussed the multiple functions of bioactive molecules and seafood components in the treatment of HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Puja Sutro Dhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Sabeena Hussain Syed
- School of Pharmacy, Vishwakarma University, Survey No 2, 3,4, Kondhwa Main Rd, Laxmi Nagar, Betal Nagar, Kondhwa, Pune, Maharashtra, 411048, India
| | | | - Kumaraswamy Gandla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Chaitanya (Deemed to Be University), Himayath Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500075, India
| | - Muniya Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23561, Pakistan.
| | - Hassan A Hemeg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medinah Al-Monawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassam Oudh Aljohny
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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Belhi Z, Karci H, Dündar M, Gürbüz N, Özdemir İ, Koç A, Cheriti A, Özdemir İ. Novel benzimidazolium salts and their silver(I)- N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: synthesis, characterization and their biological properties. J COORD CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2022.2164191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyneb Belhi
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Tahri Mohamed University, Bechar, Algeria
| | - Hüseyin Karci
- Drug Application and Research and Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Muhammet Dündar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Nevin Gürbüz
- Drug Application and Research and Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - İlknur Özdemir
- Drug Application and Research and Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Koç
- Drug Application and Research and Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
- Medical School, Department of Genetics, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Abdelkrim Cheriti
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Tahri Mohamed University, Bechar, Algeria
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - İsmail Özdemir
- Drug Application and Research and Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
- Catalysis Research and Application Center, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye
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Roy T, Petersen NN, Gopalan G, Gising J, Hallberg M, Larhed M. 2-Alkyl substituted benzimidazoles as a new class of selective AT2 receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 66:116804. [PMID: 35576659 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ligands comprising a benzimidazole rather than the imidazole ring that is common in AT2R ligands e.g. in the AT2R agonist C21, can provide both high affinity and receptor selectivity. In particular, compounds encompassing benzimidazoles, substituted in the 2-position with small bulky groups such as an isopropyl (Ki = 4.0 nM) or a tert-butyl (Ki = 5.3 nM) or alternatively a thiazole heterocycle (Ki = 5.1 nM) demonstrate high affinity and AT2R selectivity. An n-butyl chain, as found in the AT1R selective sartans, makes the ligand less receptor selective. The isobutyl group on the biaryl scaffold present in most AT2R selective ligands reported so far was originally derived from the nonselective potent AT1R/AT2R ligand L-162,313. Notably, in all ligands discussed herein, the isobutyl group was substituted by an n-propyl group and ligands with high affinity to AT2R were provided and in addition the majority of them demonstrate a favorable AT2R/AT1R selectivity. The introduction of fluoro atoms in various positions had no pronounced effect on the affinity data. Ligands with a thiazole or a tert-butyl group attached to the 2-position and with a terminal trifluoromethyl butoxycarbonyl sidechain exhibited a similar stability as C21 in human liver microsomes, while other ligands examined were less stable in the microsome assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamal Roy
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nadia N Petersen
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Greeshma Gopalan
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Gising
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Hallberg
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Division of Biological Research on Drug Dependence, BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 591, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Larhed
- The Beijer Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Zajda A, Sikora J, Huttunen KM, Markowicz-Piasecka M. Structural Comparison of Sulfonamide-Based Derivatives That Can Improve Anti-Coagulation Properties of Metformin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084132. [PMID: 35456961 PMCID: PMC9029893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its high efficiency, good safety profile, and potential cardio-protective properties, metformin, a dimethyl biguanide, is the first-line medication in antihyperglycemic treatment for type 2 diabetic patients. The aim of our present study was to assess the effects of eight new sulfonamide-based derivatives of metformin on selected plasma parameters and vascular hemostasis, as well as on endothelial and smooth muscle cell function. The compounds with an alkyl chain (1–3), trifluoromethyl substituent (4), or acetyl group (5) significantly elevated glucose utilization in human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs), similarly to metformin. Our novel findings showed that metformin analogues 1–3 presented the most beneficial properties because of their greatest safety profile in the WST-1 cell viability assay, which was also proved in the further HUVEC integrity studies using RTCA DP. Compounds 1–3 did not affect either HUVEC or aortal smooth muscle cell (AoSMC) viability up to 3.0 mM. Importantly, these compounds beneficially affected some of the coagulation parameters, including factor X and antithrombin III activity. In contrast to the above-mentioned metformin analogues, derivatives 4 and 5 exerted more profound anticoagulation effects; however, they were also more cytotoxic towards HUVECs, as IC50 values were 1.0–1.5 mM. In conclusion, the chemical modification of a metformin scaffold into sulfonamides possessing alkyl substituents results in the formation of novel derivatives with potential bi-directional activity including anti-hyperglycemic properties and highly desirable anti-coagulant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Zajda
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joanna Sikora
- Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Kristiina M. Huttunen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Magdalena Markowicz-Piasecka
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-677-92-50
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Śliwińska A, Pobudkowska A, Kowalkowska A. Physicochemical Characteristics of Dibromobenzimidazole Derivatives. J SOLUTION CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-022-01153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Moorthy NSHN. In Silico Based Structural and Fingerprint Analysis of Structurally Diverse AT1 inhibitors. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180817999200818155601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective:
The development of pharmacologically active molecules
for the treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases are important nowadays. In the
present investigation, computational techniques have been implemented on Angiotensin II Type 1
(AT1) antagonists to develop better predictive models.
Methods:
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) and structural patterns/fragments
analyses were performed using physicochemical descriptors and MACCS Fingerprints calculaced
from AT1 inhibitors collected from the literature.
Results:
The significant models developed have been validated by Leave One Out (LOO) and test
set methods, which exhibit considerable Q2 values (>0.65 for the training set and >0.5 for the test
set) and the R2pred values for the models are also >0.5. The applicability of the contributed descriptors
in these models revealed that the chlorine atom, dipole moment, hydrogen bond donor atoms
and electrostatic potential are negatively contributing, and the presence of bond between
heavy atoms and the carbon atom connected with small side chain and topological polar vdW surface
area are favorable for the AT1 antagonistic activity. The MACCS Fingerprints showed that the
presence of atoms (kind of heavy atoms), such as N, O, and S, connected with other heteroatoms or carbon
or any other atoms, through single or double bonds are predominantly present in highly active molecules.
The presence of halogens, long chain alkanes, halogenated alkanes, and sulfur atoms attached with
nitrogen through any atoms are responsible for decreased AT1 antagonistic activity.
Conclusion:
The results have provided additional information on the structural patterns of the
compounds based on its MACCS Fingerprints, which may be used for further characterization and
design of novel AT1 inhibitors.
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Single-stage synthesis of heterocyclic alkaloid-like compounds from (+)-camphoric acid and their antiviral activity. Mol Divers 2019; 24:61-67. [PMID: 30820742 PMCID: PMC7223885 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-019-09932-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract An effective technique for one-stage synthesis of new polycyclic nitrogen-containing compounds has been developed. The procedure involves refluxing mixtures of camphoric acid with aliphatic or aromatic diamine without catalysts. In cases where the starting amine has a low boiling point (less than 200 °C), phenol is used as a solvent, as it is the most optimal one for obtaining products with good yields. It has been shown that the use of Lewis acids as catalysts reduces the yield of the reaction products. A set of compounds have been synthesized, which can be attributed to synthetic analogues of alkaloids. In vitro screening for activity influenza virus A was carried out for the obtained compounds. The synthesized quinazoline-like agent 14 has inhibitory activity against different strains of influenza viruses. Graphical abstract ![]()
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11030-019-09932-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Tahlan S, Ramasamy K, Lim SM, Shah SAA, Mani V, Narasimhan B. 4-(2-(1 H-Benzo[ d]imidazol-2-ylthio)acetamido)- N-(substituted phenyl)benzamides: design, synthesis and biological evaluation. BMC Chem 2019; 13:12. [PMID: 31384761 PMCID: PMC6661798 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an important target for antimetabolite class of antimicrobials because it participates in purine synthesis. 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (2MBI) has similar structural features as purine nucleotides. Given that benzimidazole and similar heteroaromatics have been broadly examined for their anticancer potential, so, we hereby report the design, synthesis and biological studies (i.e. antimicrobial and anticancer studies) of 2MBI derivatives. Methodology The antimicrobial activity of synthesized 2MBI derivatives were evaluated against Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial species as well as fungal species by tube dilution technique whereas their anticancer activity was assessed against human colorectal carcinoma cell line (HCT116) by Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. They were also structurally characterized by IR, NMR, MS and elemental analyses. Results, discussion and conclusion The antimicrobial activity findings revealed that compound N1 (MICbs,st,ca = 1.27, 2.54, 1.27 µM), N8 (MICec= 1.43 µM), N22 (MICkp,an= 2.60 µM), N23 and N25 (MICsa= 2.65 µM) exhibited significant antimicrobial effects against tested strains, i.e. Gram-positive, Gram-negative (bacterial) and fungal strains. The anticancer screening results demonstrated that compounds N9, N18 (IC50 = 5.85, 4.53 µM) were the most potent compounds against cancer cell line (HCT116) even more than 5-FU, the standard drug (IC50 = 9.99 µM). ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Tahlan
- 1Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001 India
| | - Kalavathy Ramasamy
- 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia.,3Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Pharmaceutical Life Sciences Community of Research, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Siong Meng Lim
- 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia.,3Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Pharmaceutical Life Sciences Community of Research, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia.,4Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Products Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Mani
- 5Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Li T, Xu K, Che D, Huang Z, Jahan N, Wang S. Endothelium-independent vasodilator effect of isocorynoxeine in vitro isolated from the hook of Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miquel). Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 391:1285-1293. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1536-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Brusina MA, Gubina YA, Nikolaev DN, Ramsh SM, Piotrovskii LB. Influence of Oxidation Conditions on the Yield of 2-Substituted Imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic Acids. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218050055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Awaad AA, El-Meligy RM, Zain GM, Safhi AA, AL Qurain NA, Almoqren SS, Zain YM, Sesh Adri VD, Al-Saikhan FI. Experimental and clinical antihypertensive activity of Matricaria chamomilla
extracts and their angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1564-1573. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amani A. Awaad
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy; Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University; Al-Kharj Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham M. El-Meligy
- Aromatic and Medicinal Plants Department, Desert Research Center; Cairo Egypt
| | - Ghada M. Zain
- School of pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences; University of Bradford; Bradford UK
| | - Amal A. Safhi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University; Al-Kharj Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura A. AL Qurain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University; Al-Kharj Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shekhah S. Almoqren
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University; Al-Kharj Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara M. Zain
- School of pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences; University of Bradford; Bradford UK
| | - Vidya D. Sesh Adri
- Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy; Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University; Al-Kharj Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad I. Al-Saikhan
- Clinical pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy; Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University; Al-Kharj Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Loh YC, Ch'ng YS, Tan CS, Ahmad M, Asmawi MZ, Yam MF. Mechanisms of Action of Uncaria rhynchophylla Ethanolic Extract for Its Vasodilatory Effects. J Med Food 2017; 20:895-911. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.3804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yean Chun Loh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yung Sing Ch'ng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chu Shan Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mariam Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zaini Asmawi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mun Fei Yam
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
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14
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Akhtar W, Khan MF, Verma G, Shaquiquzzaman M, Rizvi MA, Mehdi SH, Akhter M, Alam MM. Therapeutic evolution of benzimidazole derivatives in the last quinquennial period. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 126:705-753. [PMID: 27951484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazole, a fused heterocycle bearing benzene and imidazole has gained considerable attention in the field of contemporary medicinal chemistry. The moiety is of substantial importance because of its wide array of pharmacological activities. This nitrogen containing heterocycle is a part of a number of therapeutically used agents. Moreover, a number of patents concerning this moiety in the last few years further highlight its worth. The present review covers the recent work published by scientists across the globe during last five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Akhtar
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohemmed Faraz Khan
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Garima Verma
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - M Shaquiquzzaman
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - M A Rizvi
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Syed Hassan Mehdi
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - M Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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15
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Shelton KL, DeBord MA, Wagers PO, Southerland MR, Williams TM, Robishaw NK, Shriver LP, Tessier CA, Panzner MJ, Youngs WJ. Synthesis, anti-proliferative activity, SAR study, and preliminary in vivo toxicity study of substituted N,N'-bis(arylmethyl)benzimidazolium salts against a panel of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 25:421-439. [PMID: 27876249 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of N,N'-bis(arylmethyl)benzimidazolium salts have been synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro anti-cancer activity against select non-small cell lung cancer cell lines to create a structure activity relationship profile. The results indicate that hydrophobic substituents on the salts increase the overall anti-proliferative activity. Our data confirms that naphthylmethyl substituents at the nitrogen atoms (N1(N3)) and highly lipophilic substituents at the carbon atoms (C2 and C5(C6)) can generate benzimidazolium salts with anti-proliferative activity that is comparable to that of cisplatin. The National Cancer Institute's Developmental Therapeutics Program tested 1, 3-5, 10, 11, 13-18, 20-25, and 28-30 in their 60 human tumor cell line screen. Results were supportive of data observed in our lab. Compounds with hydrophobic substituents have higher anti-cancer activity than compounds with hydrophilic substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerri L Shelton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3601, USA
| | - Michael A DeBord
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3601, USA
| | - Patrick O Wagers
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3601, USA
| | | | - Travis M Williams
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3601, USA
| | - Nikki K Robishaw
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3601, USA
| | - Leah P Shriver
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3601, USA
| | - Claire A Tessier
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3601, USA
| | - Matthew J Panzner
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3601, USA
| | - Wiley J Youngs
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-3601, USA.
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Bai RR, Wu XM, Xu JY. Current natural products with antihypertensive activity. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 13:721-9. [PMID: 26481372 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(15)30072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have been an important source of new drugs, which also played a dominant role in the discovery and research of new drugs for the treatment of hypertension. This review article reviews the recent progress in the research and development of natural lead compounds with antihypertensive activity, including alkaloids, diterpenes, coumarins, flavonoids, and peptides. We summarized their structures, sources, as well as the antihypertensive mechanisms. These information provides instructive reference for the following structural modifications and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Ren Bai
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta 30322, GA, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jin-Yi Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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17
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Aubert JD, Juillerat-Jeanneret L. Endothelin-Receptor Antagonists beyond Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Cancer and Fibrosis. J Med Chem 2016; 59:8168-88. [PMID: 27266371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The endothelin axis and in particular the two endothelin receptors, ETA and ETB, are targets for therapeutic intervention in human diseases. Endothelin-receptor antagonists are in clinical use to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension and have been under clinical investigation for the treatment of several other diseases, such as systemic hypertension, cancer, vasospasm, and fibrogenic diseases. In this Perspective, we review the molecules that have been evaluated in human clinical trials for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension, as well as other cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and fibrosis. We will also discuss the therapeutic consequences of receptor selectivity with regard to ETA-selective, ETB-selective, or dual ETA/ETB antagonists. We will also consider which chemical characteristics are relevant to clinical use and the properties of molecules necessary for efficacy in treating diseases against which known molecules displayed suboptimal efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- John-David Aubert
- Pneumology Division and Transplantation Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) , CH1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucienne Juillerat-Jeanneret
- University Institute of Pathology and Transplantation Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), and University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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18
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Ajani OO, Aderohunmu DV, Ikpo CO, Adedapo AE, Olanrewaju IO. Functionalized Benzimidazole Scaffolds: Privileged Heterocycle for Drug Design in Therapeutic Medicine. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2016; 349:475-506. [PMID: 27213292 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201500464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Benzimidazole derivatives are crucial structural scaffolds found in diverse libraries of biologically active compounds which are therapeutically useful agents in drug discovery and medicinal research. They are structural isosteres of naturally occurring nucleotides, which allows them to interact with the biopolymers of living systems. Hence, there is a need to couple the latest information with the earlier documentations to understand the current status of the benzimidazole nucleus in medicinal chemistry research. This present work unveils the benzimidazole core as a multifunctional nucleus that serves as a resourceful tool of information for synthetic modifications of old existing candidates in order to tackle drug resistance bottlenecks in therapeutic medicine. This manuscript deals with the recent advances in the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives, the widespread biological activities as well as pharmacokinetic reports. These present them as a toolbox for fighting infectious diseases and also make them excellent candidates for future drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayinka O Ajani
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, CST, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Damilola V Aderohunmu
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, CST, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Chinwe O Ikpo
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Adebusayo E Adedapo
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, CST, Canaanland, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
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19
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Hao LP, Xue WZ, Han XF, He X, Zhang J, Zhou ZM. Design, synthesis and biological activity of 4′-[(benzimidazol-1-yl)methyl]biphenyl-2-sulphonamides as dual angiotensin II and endothelin A receptor antagonists. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00499j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 4′-[(benzimidazol-1-yl)methyl]biphenyl-2-sulphonamides was designed, and their molecular model simulation fitting to a new HipHop 3D pharmacophore model was examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Hao
- R & D Center for Pharmaceuticals
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Wei-Zhe Xue
- R & D Center for Pharmaceuticals
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Xiao-Feng Han
- R & D Center for Pharmaceuticals
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Xing He
- R & D Center for Pharmaceuticals
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Jun Zhang
- R & D Center for Pharmaceuticals
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Zhi-Ming Zhou
- R & D Center for Pharmaceuticals
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- PR China
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20
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Han XF, Xue WZ, Hao LP, Zhou ZM. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4′-[(benzimidazol-1-yl) methyl]biphenyl-2-amides as dual angiotensin II and endothelin A receptor antagonists. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00169b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Discovery of new benzimidazoles as potent dual AT1 and ETA receptor antagonists with the novel N-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-amide fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Han
- R & D Center for Pharmaceticals
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- PR China
| | - Wei-Zhe Xue
- R & D Center for Pharmaceticals
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- PR China
| | - Li-Ping Hao
- R & D Center for Pharmaceticals
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- PR China
| | - Zhi-Ming Zhou
- R & D Center for Pharmaceticals
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- PR China
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21
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Altuğ C, Büyükbayram M, Kavas Ö, Yavuz MZ. A green synthesis of new 3-aryl-4-phenylsulfonyl-5-aminoisoxazoles. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.03.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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22
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Liu J, Liu Q, Yang X, Xu S, Zhang H, Bai R, Yao H, Jiang J, Shen M, Wu X, Xu J. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 1,2,4-triazole bearing 5-substituted biphenyl-2-sulfonamide derivatives as potential antihypertensive candidates. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:7742-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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