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Pyka P, Garbo S, Fioravanti R, Jacob C, Hittinger M, Handzlik J, Zwergel C, Battistelli C. Selenium-containing compounds: a new hope for innovative treatments in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104062. [PMID: 38871111 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are challenging to cure. To date, no cure has been found for Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease, and current treatments are able only to slow the progression of the diseases and manage their symptoms. After an introduction to the complex biology of these diseases, we discuss the beneficial effect of selenium-containing agents, which show neuroprotective effects in vitro or in vivo. Indeed, selenium is an essential trace element that is being incorporated into innovative organoselenium compounds, which can improve outcomes in rodent or even primate models with neurological deficits. Herein, we critically discuss recent findings in the field of selenium-based applications in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Pyka
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, św. Łazarza 15, 31-530 Krakow, Poland; Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Garbo
- Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Fioravanti
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Claus Jacob
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B 2.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marius Hittinger
- Pharmbiotec gGmbH, Department of Drug Discovery, Nußkopf 39, 66578 Schiffweiler, Germany
| | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B 2.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Pharmbiotec gGmbH, Department of Drug Discovery, Nußkopf 39, 66578 Schiffweiler, Germany.
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Istituto Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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2
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Liang X, Pacuła-Miszewska AJ, Vartak R, Prajapati M, Zheng H, Zhao C, Mao G, Patel K, Fedosova NU, Ścianowski J, Billack B. N-3-Methylbutyl-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one Exerts Antifungal Activity In Vitro and in a Mouse Model of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2480-2496. [PMID: 38534773 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present work, we evaluated the antifungal activities of two novel ebselen analogs, N-allyl-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one (N-allyl-bs) and N-3-methylbutylbenzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one (N-3mb-bs). Colorimetric and turbidity assays were performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these compounds in S1 (fluconazole-sensitive) and S2 (fluconazole-resistant) strains of C. albicans. N-3mb-bs was more active than the N-allyl-bs compound. It is noteworthy that the concentration of N-3mb-bs observed to inhibit fungal growth by 50% (18.2 µM) was similar to the concentration observed to inhibit the activity of the yeast plasma membrane H+-ATPase (Pma1p) by 50% (19.6 µM). We next implemented a mouse model of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) using the S1 strain and examined the mouse and yeast proteins present in the vaginal lavage fluid using proteomics. The yeast proteins detected were predominately glycolytic enzymes or virulence factors associated with C. albicans while the mouse proteins present in the lavage fluid included eosinophil peroxidase, desmocollin-1, and gasdermin-A. We then utilized the N-3mb-bs compound (12.5 mg/kg) in the mouse VVC model and observed that it significantly reduced the vaginal fungal burden, histopathological changes in vagina tissue, and expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO). All in all, the present work has identified a potentially promising drug candidate for VVC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyi Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | | | - Richa Vartak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Milankumar Prajapati
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Caifeng Zhao
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ganming Mao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Ketankumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | | | - Jacek Ścianowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Blase Billack
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
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Ali F, Alom S, Ali SR, Kondoli B, Sadhu P, Borah C, Kakoti BB, Ghosh SK, Shakya A, Ahmed AB, Singh UP, Bhat HR. Ebselen: A Review on its Synthesis, Derivatives, Anticancer Efficacy and Utility in Combating SARS-COV-2. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1203-1225. [PMID: 37711004 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230914103339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Ebselen is a selenoorganic chiral compound with antioxidant properties comparable to glutathione peroxidase. It is also known as 2-phenyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one. In studies examining its numerous pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, and anti- Alzheimer's, ebselen has demonstrated promising results. This review's primary objective was to emphasize the numerous synthesis pathways of ebselen and their efficacy in fighting cancer. The data were collected from multiple sources, including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Publons. The starting reagents for the synthesis of ebselen are 2-aminobenzoic acid and N-phenyl benzamide. It was discovered that ebselen has the ability to initiate apoptosis in malignant cells and prevent the formation of new cancer cells by scavenging free radicals. In addition, ebselen increases tumor cell susceptibility to apoptosis by inhibiting TNF-α mediated NF-kB activation. Ebselen can inhibit both doxorubicin and daunorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Allopurinol and ebselen administered orally can be used to suppress renal ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Due to excessive administration, diclofenac can induce malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract, which ebselen can effectively suppress. Recent research has demonstrated ebselen to inhibit viral function by binding to cysteinecontaining catalytic domains of various viral proteases. It was discovered that ebselen could inhibit the catalytic dyad function of Mpro by forming an irreversible covalent bond between Se and Cys145, thereby altering protease function and inhibiting SARS-CoV-2. Ebselen may also inhibit the activation of endosomal NADPH oxidase of vascular endothelial cells, which is believed to be required for thrombotic complications in COVID-19. In this review, we have included various studies conducted on the anticancer effect of ebselen as well as its inhibition of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farak Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur, Sonitpur Assam, 784501,India
| | - Shahnaz Alom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur, Sonitpur Assam, 784501,India
| | - Sheikh Rezzak Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India
| | - Biswanarayan Kondoli
- Department of Pharmacy, Tripura University, Suryamani Nagar, Agartala, Tripura 799022, India
| | - Prativa Sadhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India
| | - Chinmoyee Borah
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam, 781017, India
| | - Bibhuti Bushan Kakoti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India
| | - Surajit Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India
| | - Anshul Shakya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India
| | - Abdul Baquee Ahmed
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science,Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur, Sonitpur-784501, Assam, India
| | - Udaya Pratap Singh
- Drug Design & Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211007, India
| | - Hans Raj Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India
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Maurya SK, Tripathi A, Karuthapandi S, Singh HB. Synthesis and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity of selenocystine (SeC) bioconjugates of biotin and lipoic acid. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1981-1989. [PMID: 37971575 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03348-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The conjugation of active biomolecules provides insight into their bioreactivity, leading to many applications in biotechnology and materials science. Herein, we report L-selenocystine (SeC) bioconjugates of lipoic acid (universal antioxidant) and biotin (Vitamin-H). The SeC-bioconjugates, SeC-Biotin (1) and SeC-Lipoic acid (2) were synthesized using solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) method and were characterized by multinuclear 1D (1H, 13C, 77Se) and 2D (1H-1H COSY and 1H-13C TOCSY) NMR spectroscopy, ESI-MS spectrometry, and RP-HPLC. The GPx-like enzyme mimicking activity of the SeC-bioconjugates 1 and 2 has been investigated through the coupled reductase assay method for the catalytic reductions of hydrogen peroxide into water. A significant enhancement in GPx-like enzymatic activity was observed for both novel bioconjugates SeC-Biotin (1) and SeC-Lipoic acid (2) as compared to diphenyl diselenide (Ph2Se2), L-selenocystine (SeC), biotin, lipoic acid, and ebselen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakti K Maurya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Abhishek Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Selvakumar Karuthapandi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT-AP University, Amaravati, AP, 522241, India.
| | - Harkesh B Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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Pacuła-Miszewska AJ, Obieziurska-Fabisiak M, Jastrzębska A, Długosz-Pokorska A, Gach-Janczak K, Ścianowski J. The Influence of Long Carbon Chains on the Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties of N-Substituted Benzisoselenazolones and Corresponding Diselenides. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1560. [PMID: 38004426 PMCID: PMC10675721 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoselenium compounds are well-known for their numerous biocapacities, which result from the uniqueness of the selenium atom and the possibility of constructing heterorganic molecules that can mimic the activity of selenoenzymes, crucial for a multitude of important physiological processes. In this paper, we have synthesized a series of N-substituted benzisoselenazolones and corresponding diphenyl diselenides possessing lipophilic long carbon chains, solely or with additional polar insets: phenyl linkers and ester groups. Evaluation of their antioxidant and cytotoxic activity revealed an increased H2O2-reduction potential of diphenyl diselenides bearing N-octyl, ethyl N-(12-dodecanoate)- and N-(8-octanoate) groups, elevated radical scavenging activity of 2,2'-diselenobis(N-dodecylbenzamide) and a promising cytotoxic potential of N-(4-dodecyl)phenylbenzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata J. Pacuła-Miszewska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarin Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.O.-F.); (J.Ś.)
| | - Magdalena Obieziurska-Fabisiak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarin Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.O.-F.); (J.Ś.)
| | - Aneta Jastrzębska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 7 Gagarin Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Angelika Długosz-Pokorska
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (A.D.-P.); (K.G.-J.)
| | - Katarzyna Gach-Janczak
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (A.D.-P.); (K.G.-J.)
| | - Jacek Ścianowski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarin Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.O.-F.); (J.Ś.)
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6
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Liang X, Pacuła-Miszewska AJ, Obieziurska-Fabisiak M, Vartak R, Mao G, Patel K, Fedosova NU, Ścianowski J, Billack B. Selected N-Terpenyl Organoselenium Compounds Possess Antimycotic Activity In Vitro and in a Mouse Model of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. Molecules 2023; 28:7377. [PMID: 37959796 PMCID: PMC10647704 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present work, a series of N-terpenyl organoselenium compounds (CHB1-6) were evaluated for antimycotic activity by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for each compound in fluconazole (FLU)-sensitive (S1) and FLU-resistant (S2) strains of Candida albicans (C. albicans). The most active compounds in the MIC screen were CHB4 and CHB6, which were then evaluated for cytotoxicity in human cervical cancer cells (KB-3-1) and found to be selective for fungi. Next, CHB4 and CHB6 were investigated for skin irritation using a reconstructed 3D human epidermis and both compounds were considered safe to the epidermis. Using a mouse model of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), CHB4 and CHB6 both exhibited antimycotic efficacy by reducing yeast colonization of the vaginal tract, alleviating injury to the vaginal mucosa, and decreasing the abundance of myeloperoxidase (MPO) expression in the tissue, indicating a reduced inflammatory response. In conclusion, CHB4 and CHB6 demonstrate antifungal activity in vitro and in the mouse model of VVC and represent two new promising antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyi Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (X.L.); (R.V.); (G.M.); (K.P.)
| | - Agata J. Pacuła-Miszewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (A.J.P.-M.); (M.O.-F.); (J.Ś.)
| | | | - Richa Vartak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (X.L.); (R.V.); (G.M.); (K.P.)
| | - Ganming Mao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (X.L.); (R.V.); (G.M.); (K.P.)
| | - Ketankumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (X.L.); (R.V.); (G.M.); (K.P.)
| | | | - Jacek Ścianowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (A.J.P.-M.); (M.O.-F.); (J.Ś.)
| | - Blase Billack
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (X.L.); (R.V.); (G.M.); (K.P.)
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Astrain-Redin N, Sanmartin C, Sharma AK, Plano D. From Natural Sources to Synthetic Derivatives: The Allyl Motif as a Powerful Tool for Fragment-Based Design in Cancer Treatment. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3703-3731. [PMID: 36858050 PMCID: PMC10041541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Since the beginning of history, natural products have been an abundant source of bioactive molecules for the treatment of different diseases, including cancer. Many allyl derivatives, which have shown anticancer activity both in vitro and in vivo in a large number of cancers, are bioactive molecules found in garlic, cinnamon, nutmeg, or mustard. In addition, synthetic products containing allyl fragments have been developed showing potent anticancer properties. Of particular note is the allyl derivative 17-AAG, which has been evaluated in Phase I and Phase II/III clinical trials for the treatment of multiple myeloma, metastatic melanoma, renal cancer, and breast cancer. In this Perspective, we compile extensive literature evidence with descriptions and discussions of the most recent advances in different natural and synthetic allyl derivatives that could generate cancer drug candidates in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Astrain-Redin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Daniel Plano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
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Saeed S, Zahoor AF, Ahmad M, Anjum MN, Akhtar R, Shahzadi I. Synthetic methodologies for the construction of selenium-containing heterocycles: a review. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2022.2091566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Matloob Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed Anjum
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Irum Shahzadi
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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9
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Cho J, Kim S, Lee H. Peroxidase‐like activity of an azamacrocyclic Ni(II) complex. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jang‐Hoon Cho
- Department of Chemistry and Green‐Nano Research Center Kyungpook National University Daegu South Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Green‐Nano Research Center Kyungpook National University Daegu South Korea
| | - Hong‐In Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Green‐Nano Research Center Kyungpook National University Daegu South Korea
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10
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Ebselen and Analogues: Pharmacological Properties and Synthetic Strategies for Their Preparation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144230. [PMID: 34299505 PMCID: PMC8306772 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ebselen is the leader of selenorganic compounds, and starting from its identification as mimetic of the key antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase, several papers have appeared in literature claiming its biological activities. It was the subject of several clinical trials and it is currently in clinical evaluation for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Given our interest in the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of selenorganic derivatives with this review, we aimed to collect all the papers focused on the biological evaluation of ebselen and its close analogues, covering the timeline between 2016 and most of 2021. Our analysis evidences that, even if it lacks specificity when tested in vitro, being able to bind to every reactive cysteine, it proved to be always well tolerated in vivo, exerting no sign of toxicity whatever the administered doses. Besides, looking at the literature, we realized that no review article dealing with the synthetic approaches for the construction of the benzo[d][1,2]-selenazol-3(2H)-one scaffold is available; thus, a section of the present review article is completely devoted to this specific topic.
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11
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Zhang J, Yang L, Wang Y, Cao T, Sun Z, Xu J, Liu Y, Chen G. Ebselen-Agents for Sensing, Imaging and Labeling: Facile and Full-Featured Application in Biochemical Analysis. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2217-2230. [PMID: 35014346 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Phenyl-1,2-benzoselenazol-3(2H)-one (ebselen) is a classical mimic of glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Thioredoxin interaction endows ebselen attractive biological functions, such as antioxidation and anti-infection, as well as versatile therapeutic usage. Accordingly, application of ebselen analogues in biosensing, chemical labeling, imaging analysis, disease pathology, drug development, clinical treatment, etc. have been widely developed, in which mercaptans, reactive oxygen species, reactive sulfur species, peptides, and proteins were involved. Herein, focusing on the application of ebselen-agents in biochemistry, we have made a systematic summary and comprehensive review. First, we summarized both the classical and the innovative methods for preparing ebselen-agents to present the synthetic strategies. Then we discussed the full functional applicability of ebselen analogues in three fields of biochemical analysis including the fluorescence sensing and bioimaging, derivatization for high throughput fluorescence analysis, and the labeling gents for proteomics. Finally, we discussed the current challenges and perspectives for ebselen-agents as analytical tools in biological research. By presenting the multifunctional applicability of ebselen, we hope this review could appeal researchers to design the ebselen-related biomaterials for biochemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Tianyi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yuxia Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Guang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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Yang K, Liu M, Zhang Y, Zhan J, Deng L, Zheng X, Zhou Y, Wang Z. Progress in the Synthesis of Benzoheterocycles from 2-Halobenzamides. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202101044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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New visible light organo(metal)-photocatalyzed fluoroalkylsulfanylation (RFS-) and fluoroalkylselenolation (RFSe-) reactions of organic substrates. J Fluor Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2020.109652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Obieziurska-Fabisiak M, Pacuła AJ, Capoccia L, Drogosz-Stachowicz J, Janecka A, Santi C, Ścianowski J. Phenylselanyl Group Incorporation for "Glutathione Peroxidase-Like" Activity Modulation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153354. [PMID: 32722043 PMCID: PMC7435675 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of organoselenium molecules to mimic the activity of the antioxidant selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx) allows for their use as antioxidant or prooxidant modulators in several diseases associated with the disruption of the cell redox homeostasis. Current drug design in the field is partially based on specific modifications of the known Se-therapeutics aimed at achieving more selective bioactivity towards particular drug targets, accompanied by low toxicity as the therapeutic window for organoselenium compounds tends to be very narrow. Herein, we present a new group of Se-based antioxidants, structurally derived from the well-known group of GPx mimics—benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones. A series of N-substituted unsymmetrical phenylselenides with an o-amido function has been obtained by a newly developed procedure: a copper-catalyzed nucleophilic substitution by a Se-reagent formed in situ from diphenyl diselenide and sodium borohydride. All derivatives were tested as antioxidants and anticancer agents towards breast (MCF-7) and leukemia (HL-60) cancer cell lines. The highest H2O2-scavenging potential was observed for N-(3-methylbutyl)-2-(phenylselanyl)benzamide. The best antiproliferative activity was found for (−)-N-(1S,2R,4R)-menthyl-2-(phenylselanyl)benzamide (HL-60) and ((−)-N-(1S,2R,3S,6R)-(2-caranyl))benzamide (MCF-7). The structure–activity correlations, including the differences in reactivity of the obtained phenyl selenides and corresponding benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones, were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Obieziurska-Fabisiak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarin Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.O.-F.); (A.J.P.)
| | - Agata J. Pacuła
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarin Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.O.-F.); (A.J.P.)
| | - Lucia Capoccia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Universita di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06134 Perugia, Italy; (L.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Joanna Drogosz-Stachowicz
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (J.D.-S.); (A.J.)
| | - Anna Janecka
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (J.D.-S.); (A.J.)
| | - Claudio Santi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Universita di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06134 Perugia, Italy; (L.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Jacek Ścianowski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarin Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.O.-F.); (A.J.P.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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In Vitro Anti-Prostate Cancer Activity of Two Ebselen Analogues. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13030047. [PMID: 32192052 PMCID: PMC7151718 DOI: 10.3390/ph13030047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Scientific research has been underway for decades in order to develop an effective anticancer drug, and it has become crucial to find a novel and effective chemotherapeutics in the case of prostate cancer treatment. Ebselen derivatives have been shown to possess a variety of biological activities, including cytostatic and cytotoxic action against tumor cells. In this study, the cytotoxic effect and anticancer mechanism of action of two organoselenium compounds— (N-allyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one (N-allyl-BS) and N-(3-methylbutyl)-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one) (N-(3-mb)-BS)—were investigated on two phenotypically different prostate cancer cell lines DU 145 and PC-3. The influence of analyzed compounds on the viability parameter was also assessed on normal prostate cell line PNT1A. The results showed that both organoselenium compounds (OSCs) efficiently inhibited cancer cell proliferation, whereas normal PNT1A cells were less sensitive to the analazyed ebselen analouges. Both OSCs induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and prompted cell death through apoptosis. The detection of cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) confirmed this. In addition, N-allyl-BS and N-(3-m)-b-BS increased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, however only N-allyl-BS induced DNA damage. Based on our data, we assume that OSCs’ anticancer action can be associated with oxidative stress induction and inactivation of the Akt- dependent signalling pathway. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that ebselen derivatives showed strong cytotoxic efficiency towards prostate cancer cells and may be elucidated as a novel, potent anticancer agent.
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16
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Hariharan S, Dharmaraj S. Selenium and selenoproteins: it's role in regulation of inflammation. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:667-695. [PMID: 32144521 PMCID: PMC7222958 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00690-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Selenium is an essential immunonutrient which holds the human’s metabolic activity with its chemical bonds. The organic forms of selenium naturally present in human body are selenocysteine and selenoproteins. These forms have a unique way of synthesis and translational coding. Selenoproteins act as antioxidant warriors for thyroid regulation, male-fertility enhancement, and anti-inflammatory actions. They also participate indirectly in the mechanism of wound healing as oxidative stress reducers. Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) is the major selenoprotein present in the human body, which assists in the control of excessive production of free radical at the site of inflammation. Other than GPX, other selenoproteins include selenoprotein-S that regulates the inflammatory cytokines and selenoprotein-P that serves as an inducer of homeostasis. Previously, reports were mainly focused on the cellular and molecular mechanism of wound healing with reference to various animal models and cell lines. In this review, the role of selenium and its possible routes in translational decoding of selenocysteine, synthesis of selenoproteins, systemic action of selenoproteins and their indirect assimilation in the process of wound healing are explained in detail. Some of the selenium containing compounds which can acts as cancer preventive and therapeutics are also discussed. These compounds directly or indirectly exhibit antioxidant properties which can sustain the intracellular redox status and these activities protect the healthy cells from reactive oxygen species induced oxidative damage. Although the review covers the importance of selenium/selenoproteins in wound healing process, still some unresolved mystery persists which may be resolved in near future. Graphic abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Hariharan
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Eachanari Post, Pollachi Main Road, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India
| | - Selvakumar Dharmaraj
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Eachanari Post, Pollachi Main Road, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India.
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17
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Obieziurska M, Pacuła AJ, Laskowska A, Długosz-Pokorska A, Janecka A, Ścianowski J. Seleninic Acid Potassium Salts as Water-Soluble Biocatalysts with Enhanced Bioavailability. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13030661. [PMID: 32024274 PMCID: PMC7040810 DOI: 10.3390/ma13030661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Organoselenium compounds are well-known glutathione peroxidase (GPx) mimetics that possess antioxidants/prooxidant properties and are able to modulate the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), preventing oxidative stress in normal cells or inducing ROS formation in cancer cells leading to apoptosis. The purpose of this study was the synthesis of potent GPx mimics with antioxidant and anticancer activity along with improved bioavailability, as a result of good solubility in protic solvents. As a result of our research, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) mimetics in the form of water-soluble benzeneseleninic acid salts were obtained. The procedure was based on the synthesis of 2-(N-alkylcarboxyamido)benzeneselenenic acids, through the oxidation of benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones or analogous arenediselenides with an amido group, which were further converted to corresponding potassium salts by the treatment with potassium tert-butanolate. All derivatives were tested as potential antioxidants and anticancer agents. The areneseleninic acid salts were significantly better peroxide scavengers than analogous acids and the well-known organoselenium antioxidant ebselen. The highest activity was observed for the 2-(N-ethylcarboxyamido)benzeneselenenic acid potassium salt. The strongest cytotoxic effect against breast cancer (MCF-7) and human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cell lines was found for 2-(N-cyclohexylcarboxyamido)benzeneselenenic acid potassium salt and the 2-(N-ethylcarboxyamido)benzeneselenenic acid, respectively. The structure–activity correlations, including the differences in reactivity of benzeneseleninic acids and corresponding salts were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Obieziurska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarin Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.O.); (A.J.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Agata J. Pacuła
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarin Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.O.); (A.J.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Anna Laskowska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarin Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.O.); (A.J.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Angelika Długosz-Pokorska
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (A.D.-P.); (A.J.)
| | - Anna Janecka
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (A.D.-P.); (A.J.)
| | - Jacek Ścianowski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarin Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.O.); (A.J.P.); (A.L.)
- Correspondence:
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18
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Nascimento V, Cordeiro PS, Arca M, Marini F, Sancineto L, Braga AL, Lippolis V, Iwaoka M, Santi C. Fast and easy conversion of ortho amidoaryldiselenides into the corresponding ebselen-like derivatives driven by theoretical investigations. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01605e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The in silico predicted Se⋯N interaction on amidoarylselenenyl iodides has been experimentally exploited for the efficient synthesis of N-substituted benzoisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones, benzoisothiazol-3(2H)-ones and ebselen, recently reported as potent antiviral agent against Sars-Cov2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Nascimento
- Departamento de Química Orgânica
- Universidade Federal Fluminense
- Laboratório de Síntese e Aplicação de Substâncias Supramoleculares e Organocalcogênios (SupraSelen)
- Outeiro São João Batista s/n
- Niterói
| | - Pâmella Silva Cordeiro
- Departamento de Química Orgânica
- Universidade Federal Fluminense
- Laboratório de Síntese e Aplicação de Substâncias Supramoleculares e Organocalcogênios (SupraSelen)
- Outeiro São João Batista s/n
- Niterói
| | - Massimiliano Arca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari
- Monserrato
- Italy
| | - Francesca Marini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Perugia
- Group of Catalysis, Synthesis and Organic Green Chemistry
- Perugia
- Italy
| | - Luca Sancineto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Perugia
- Group of Catalysis, Synthesis and Organic Green Chemistry
- Perugia
- Italy
| | - Antonio Luiz Braga
- LabSelen
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
- Florianópolis
- Brazil
| | - Vito Lippolis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari
- Monserrato
- Italy
| | - Michio Iwaoka
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Tokai University
- Kanagawa 259-1292
- Japan
| | - Claudio Santi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Perugia
- Group of Catalysis, Synthesis and Organic Green Chemistry
- Perugia
- Italy
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19
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Wu D, Qiu J, Li C, Yuan L, Yin H, Chen FX. Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Asymmetric Selenocyanation of β-Ketoesters with N-Selenocyanatosaccharin. J Org Chem 2019; 85:934-941. [PMID: 31820979 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first electrophilic asymmetric selenocyanation has been achieved in the presence of Ni(OTf)2 and (R,R)-DBFOX/Ph using N-selenocyanatosaccharin as the new selenocyanation reagent. Thus, a series of α-selenocyanato-β-keto esters were synthesized with high yields (up to 99%) and good ee values (up to 92% ee). The readily preparation of the reagent and high enantioselectivity make this methodology much practical for the synthesis of chiral selenocyanates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus) , No. 8 Liangxiang East Road Fangshan District , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Jiashen Qiu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus) , No. 8 Liangxiang East Road Fangshan District , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Chengqiu Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus) , No. 8 Liangxiang East Road Fangshan District , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Lexia Yuan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus) , No. 8 Liangxiang East Road Fangshan District , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Hongquan Yin
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus) , No. 8 Liangxiang East Road Fangshan District , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Fu-Xue Chen
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus) , No. 8 Liangxiang East Road Fangshan District , Beijing 102488 , China
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20
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Bioselectivity Induced by Chirality of New Terpenyl Organoselenium Compounds. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12213579. [PMID: 31683558 PMCID: PMC6862013 DOI: 10.3390/ma12213579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of new chiral benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones substituted on the nitrogen atom with three monoterpene moieties—p-menthane, pinane and carane—was synthesized. The compounds were obtained by the reaction of 2-(chloroseleno)benzoyl chloride with an appropriate terpene amine, first synthesized by a multistep methodology starting from the corresponding alcohol (p-menthane system) or alkene (pinene and carene systems). Compounds were tested as antioxidants and anticancer agents. The N-isopinocampheyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one was the best peroxide scavenger and antiproliferative agent on the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60. The N-menthyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one revealed the highest anticancer potential towards breast cancer line MCF-7. The influence of structure and chirality on the bio-activity of the obtained organoselenium compounds was thoroughly evaluated.
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21
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Tiezza MD, Ribaudo G, Orian L. Organodiselenides: Organic Catalysis and Drug Design Learning from Glutathione Peroxidase. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272822666180803123137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Organodiselenides are an important class of compounds characterized by the
presence of two adjacent covalently bonded selenium nuclei. Among them,
diaryldiselenides and their parent compound diphenyl diselenide attract continuing interest
in chemistry as well as in close disciplines like medicinal chemistry, pharmacology and
biochemistry. A search in SCOPUS database has revealed that in the last three years 105
papers have been published on the archetypal diphenyl diselenide and its use in organic
catalysis and drug tests. The reactivity of the Se-Se bond and the redox properties of selenium
make diselenides efficient catalysts for numerous organic reactions, such as Bayer-
Villiger oxidations of aldehydes/ketones, epoxidations of alkenes, oxidations of alcohols
and nitrogen containing compounds. In addition, organodiselenides might find application
as mimics of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), a family of enzymes, which, besides performing other functions,
regulate the peroxide tone in the cells and control the oxidative stress level. In this review, the essential synthetic
and reactivity aspects of organoselenides are collected and rationalized using the results of accurate
computational studies, which have been carried out mainly in the last two decades. The results obtained in
silico provide a clear explanation of the anti-oxidant activity of organodiselenides and more in general of their
ability to reduce hydroperoxides. At the same time, they are useful to gain insight into some aspects of the enzymatic
activity of the GPx, inspiring novel elements for rational catalyst and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Dalla Tiezza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universita degli Studi di, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ribaudo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Orian
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universita degli Studi di, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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22
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Krasowska D, Iraci N, Santi C, Drabowicz J, Cieslak M, Kaźmierczak-Barańska J, Palomba M, Królewska-Golińska K, Magiera J, Sancineto L. Diselenides and Benzisoselenazolones as Antiproliferative Agents and Glutathione-S-Transferase Inhibitors. Molecules 2019; 24:E2914. [PMID: 31405214 PMCID: PMC6721112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of variously functionalized selenium-containing compounds were purposely synthesized and evaluated against a panel of cancer cell lines. Most of the compounds showed an interesting cytotoxicity profile with compound 5 showing a potent activity on MCF7 cells. The ethyl amino derivative 5 acts synergistically with cis-platin and inhibits the GST enzyme with a potency that well correlates with the cytotoxicity observed in MCF7 cells. A computational analysis suggests a possible binding mode on the GST enzyme. As the main outcome of the present study, the ethyl amino derivative 5 emerged as a valid lead compound for further, future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Krasowska
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Science, Sienkiewicza, 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Nunzio Iraci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Claudio Santi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Józef Drabowicz
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Science, Sienkiewicza, 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
- Institute of Chemistry Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa Częstochowa, 42-200 Armii Krajowej 13/15, Poland
| | - Marcin Cieslak
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Science, Sienkiewicza, 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Julia Kaźmierczak-Barańska
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Science, Sienkiewicza, 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Martina Palomba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Karolina Królewska-Golińska
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Science, Sienkiewicza, 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Magiera
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Science, Sienkiewicza, 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Luca Sancineto
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Science, Sienkiewicza, 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
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23
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Chen XL, Zhou SH, Lin JH, Deng QH, Xiao JC. Difluorocarbene-derived trifluoromethylselenolation of benzyl halides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:1410-1413. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09719d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cu-Promoted difluorocarbene-derived trifluoromethylselenolation of benzyl halides with the Ph3P+CF2CO2−/Se/F− system is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Lei Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry
| | - Sheng-Hua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
| | - Jin-Hong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
| | - Qing-Hai Deng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Shanghai Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Ji-Chang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
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24
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25
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The Influence of O/S Exchange on the Biocatalytical Activity of Benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8110493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The crucial feature of organoselenium compounds, when considering them as promising drug candidates in cancer therapy, is their unique ability to alter the cellular redox regulations. Organic Se-molecules continue to demonstrate a positive therapeutic effect both in cancer prevention—as antioxidants, and treatment—as prooxidants. The growing interest in this field of research highlights the need to search for particular pharmacophore motifs, which could enhance the efficiency and selectivity, and decrease the toxicity of potential anticancer agents. Herein, a series of redox-active organoselenium derivatives—N-functionalized benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-thiones, has been designed and synthetized. A new synthetic pathway, with the application of Lawesson’s reagent, has been developed and efficiently applied. The key steps involving microwave irradiation facilitated performing the reaction in solvent-free conditions, shortening the reaction time and significantly improving the overall yield of the process. Six N-alkyl derivatives have been obtained and tested as antioxidant catalysts and anti-proliferative agents. The N-propyl benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-thione was the best peroxide scavenger and the N-cyclohexyl derivative exhibited the best cytotoxic activity towards prostate cancer cell line DU145.
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26
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Ghiazza C, Debrauwer V, Monnereau C, Khrouz L, Médebielle M, Billard T, Tlili A. Visible‐Light‐Mediated Metal‐Free Synthesis of Trifluoromethylselenolated Arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11781-11785. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Ghiazza
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMRCNRS 5246)Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRSCPE-LyonINSA 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Vincent Debrauwer
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMRCNRS 5246)Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRSCPE-LyonINSA 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Cyrille Monnereau
- Univ LyonEns de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182Université Lyon 1Laboratoire de Chimie 69342 Lyon France
| | - Lhoussain Khrouz
- Univ LyonEns de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182Université Lyon 1Laboratoire de Chimie 69342 Lyon France
| | - Maurice Médebielle
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMRCNRS 5246)Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRSCPE-LyonINSA 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMRCNRS 5246)Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRSCPE-LyonINSA 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
- CERMEP—in vivo imagingGroupement Hospitalier Est 59 Bd Pinel 69003 Lyon France
| | - Anis Tlili
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMRCNRS 5246)Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRSCPE-LyonINSA 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
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27
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Ghiazza C, Debrauwer V, Monnereau C, Khrouz L, Médebielle M, Billard T, Tlili A. Visible-Light-Mediated Metal-Free Synthesis of Trifluoromethylselenolated Arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201806165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Ghiazza
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR; CNRS 5246); Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS; CPE-Lyon; INSA; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Vincent Debrauwer
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR; CNRS 5246); Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS; CPE-Lyon; INSA; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Cyrille Monnereau
- Univ Lyon; Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182; Université Lyon 1; Laboratoire de Chimie; 69342 Lyon France
| | - Lhoussain Khrouz
- Univ Lyon; Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182; Université Lyon 1; Laboratoire de Chimie; 69342 Lyon France
| | - Maurice Médebielle
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR; CNRS 5246); Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS; CPE-Lyon; INSA; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR; CNRS 5246); Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS; CPE-Lyon; INSA; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
- CERMEP-in vivo imaging; Groupement Hospitalier Est; 59 Bd Pinel 69003 Lyon France
| | - Anis Tlili
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR; CNRS 5246); Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS; CPE-Lyon; INSA; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
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28
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Ghiazza C, Tlili A, Billard T. Direct α-C-H Trifluoromethylselenolation of Carbonyl Compounds. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Ghiazza
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (UMR CNRS 5246); Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 bd du 11 novembre 1918 -69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Anis Tlili
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (UMR CNRS 5246); Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 bd du 11 novembre 1918 -69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (UMR CNRS 5246); Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 bd du 11 novembre 1918 -69622 Villeurbanne France
- CERMEP-in vivo imaging; Groupement Hospitalier Est; 59 Bd Pinel 69003 Lyon France
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29
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Glenadel Q, Ismalaj E, Billard T. A Metal-Free Route to Heterocyclic Trifluoromethyl- and Fluoroalkylselenolated Molecules. Org Lett 2017; 20:56-59. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Glenadel
- Institute of Chemistry and
Biochemistry (ICBMS UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ermal Ismalaj
- Institute of Chemistry and
Biochemistry (ICBMS UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and
Biochemistry (ICBMS UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
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30
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Tlili A, Ismalaj E, Glenadel Q, Ghiazza C, Billard T. Synthetic Approaches to Trifluoromethylselenolated Compounds. Chemistry 2017; 24:3659-3670. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anis Tlili
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Ermal Ismalaj
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
- CERMEP-in vivo imaging; Groupement Hospitalier Est; 59 Bd Pinel 69003 Lyon France
| | - Quentin Glenadel
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Clément Ghiazza
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246), Univ Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
- CERMEP-in vivo imaging; Groupement Hospitalier Est; 59 Bd Pinel 69003 Lyon France
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31
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Ghiazza C, Tlili A, Billard T. Electrophilic trifluoromethylselenolation of terminal alkynes with Se-(trifluoromethyl) 4-methylbenzenesulfonoselenoate. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2626-2630. [PMID: 29259673 PMCID: PMC5727788 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein the nucleophilic addition of Se-(trifluoromethyl) 4-methylbenzenesulfonoselenoate, a stable and easy-to-handle reagent, to alkynes is described. This reaction provides trifluoromethylselenylated vinyl sulfones with good results and the method was extended also to higher fluorinated homologs. The obtained compounds are valuable building blocks for further syntheses of fluoroalkylselenolated molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Ghiazza
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anis Tlili
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- CERMEP-In vivo Imaging, Groupement Hospitalier Est, 59 Bd Pinel, F-69003 Lyon, France
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32
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Glenadel Q, Ghiazza C, Tlili A, Billard T. Copper-Catalyzed Direct Trifluoro- and Perfluoroalkylselenolations of Boronic Acids with a Shelf-Stable Family of Reagents. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Glenadel
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246); Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Clément Ghiazza
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246); Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Anis Tlili
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246); Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246); Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
- CERMEP - in vivo imaging; Groupement Hospitalier Est; 59 Bd Pinel 69003 Lyon France
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33
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Ghiazza C, Glenadel Q, Tlili A, Billard T. Trifluoromethylselenolation and Fluoroalkylselenolation of Alkenes by Electrophilic Addition. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Ghiazza
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246); Univ Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Quentin Glenadel
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246); Univ Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Anis Tlili
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246); Univ Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
| | - Thierry Billard
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246); Univ Lyon; Université Lyon 1, CNRS; 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France
- CERMEP - in vivo imaging; Univ Lyon; Groupement Hospitalier Est; 59 Bd Pinel 69003 Lyon France
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34
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Electrophilic Trifluoromethylselenolation of Boronic Acids. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050833. [PMID: 28534838 PMCID: PMC6154113 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Trifluoromethylselenylated compounds are emergent compounds with interesting physicochemical properties that still suffer from a lack of efficient synthetic methods. We recently developed an efficient one-pot strategy to generate in situ CF3SeCl and use it in various reactions. Herein, we continue our study of the reactivity scope of this preformed reagent. Cross-coupling reactions with aromatic and heteroaromatic boronic acids have been investigated. The expected products have been obtained, using a stoichiometric amount of copper, with moderate yields.
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35
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New Chiral Ebselen Analogues with Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030492. [PMID: 28335518 PMCID: PMC6155185 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
New chiral camphane-derived benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones and corresponding diselenides have been synthetized using a convenient one-pot procedure. Se-N bond was efficiently converted to an Se-Se bond, which could also be easily re-oxidized to the initial benzisoselenazolone moiety. The antioxidant activity of camphor derivatives was evaluated and compared to the reactivity of a series of N-amino acid benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones obtained by a modified procedure involving the improved synthesis and isolation of the diseleno bis(dibenzoic) acid. The most efficient peroxide scavengers, N-bornyl and N-leucine methyl ester benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones, were further evaluated as cytotoxic agents on four cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HEP G2, HL 6, and DU 145) and normal cell line PNT1A. The highest antiproliferative potential was evaluated for two compounds bearing a 3-methylbutyl carbon chain, N-leucine methyl ester and N-3-methylbutyl benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones.
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36
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Bartolini D, Sancineto L, Fabro de Bem A, Tew KD, Santi C, Radi R, Toquato P, Galli F. Selenocompounds in Cancer Therapy: An Overview. Adv Cancer Res 2017; 136:259-302. [PMID: 29054421 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo experimental models clearly demonstrate the efficacy of Se compounds as anticancer agents, contingent upon chemical structures and concentrations of test molecules, as well as on the experimental model under investigation that together influence cellular availability of compounds, their molecular dynamics and mechanism of action. The latter includes direct and indirect redox effects on cellular targets by the activation and altered compartmentalization of molecular oxygen, and the interaction with protein thiols and Se proteins. As such, Se compounds interfere with the redox homeostasis and signaling of cancer cells to produce anticancer effects that include alterations in key regulatory elements of energy metabolism and cell cycle checkpoints that ultimately influence differentiation, proliferation, senescence, and death pathways. Cys-containing proteins and Se proteins involved in the response to Se compounds as sensors and transducers of anticancer signals, i.e., the pharmacoproteome of Se compounds, are described and include critical elements in the different phases of cancer onset and progression from initiation and escape of immune surveillance to tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The efficacy and mode of action on these compounds vary depending on the inorganic and organic form of Se used as either supplement or pharmacological agent. In this regard, differences in experimental/clinical protocols provide options for either chemoprevention or therapy in different human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andreza Fabro de Bem
- Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | | | - Rafael Radi
- Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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