1
|
Marzęta-Assas P, Jacenik D, Zasłona Z. Pathophysiology of Arginases in Cancer and Efforts in Their Pharmacological Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9782. [PMID: 39337272 PMCID: PMC11431790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Arginases are key enzymes that hydrolyze L-arginine to urea and L-ornithine in the urea cycle. The two arginase isoforms, arginase 1 (ARG1) and arginase 2 (ARG2), regulate the proliferation of cancer cells, migration, and apoptosis; affect immunosuppression; and promote the synthesis of polyamines, leading to the development of cancer. Arginases also compete with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) for L-arginine, and their participation has also been confirmed in cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and inflammation. Due to the fact that arginases play a crucial role in the development of various types of diseases, finding an appropriate candidate to inhibit the activity of these enzymes would be beneficial for the therapy of many human diseases. In this review, based on numerous experimental, preclinical, and clinical studies, we provide a comprehensive overview of the biological and physiological functions of ARG1 and ARG2, their molecular mechanisms of action, and affected metabolic pathways. We summarize the recent clinical trials' advances in targeting arginases and describe potential future drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Damian Jacenik
- Molecure S.A., 101 Żwirki i Wigury St., 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska St., 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fu J, Xi H, Cai S, Peng Y, Liu Q, Qiu L, Lin J. Development of Granzyme B-targeted Smart Positron Emission Tomography Probes for Monitoring Tumor Early Response to Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2024; 18:18910-18921. [PMID: 39001856 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Granzyme B is an immune-related biomarker that closely correlates with cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), and hence detecting the expression level of granzyme B can provide a dependable scheme for clinical immune response assessment. In this study, two positron emission tomography (PET) probes [18F]SF-M-14 and [18F]SF-H-14 targeting granzyme B are designed based on the intramolecular cyclization scaffold SF. [18F]SF-M-14 and [18F]SF-H-14 can respond to granzyme B and glutathione (GSH) to conduct intramolecular cyclization and self-assemble into nanoaggregates to enhance the retention of probe at the target site. Both probes are prepared with high radiochemical purity (>98%) and high stability in PBS and mouse serum. In 4T1 cells cocultured with T lymphocytes, [18F]SF-M-14 and [18F]SF-H-14 reach the maximum uptake of 6.71 ± 0.29 and 3.47 ± 0.09% ID/mg at 0.5 h, respectively, but they remain below 1.95 ± 0.22 and 1.47 ± 0.21% ID/mg in 4T1 cells without coculture of T lymphocytes. In vivo PET imaging shows that the tumor uptake in 4T1-tumor-bearing mice after immunotherapy is significantly higher (3.5 times) than that in the untreated group. The maximum tumor uptake of [18F]SF-M-14 and [18F]SF-H-14 in the mice treated with BEC was 4.08 ± 0.16 and 3.43 ± 0.12% ID/g, respectively, while that in the untreated mice was 1.04 ± 0.79 and 1.41 ± 0.11% ID/g, respectively. These results indicate that both probes have great potential in the early evaluation of clinical immunotherapy efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Fu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Hongjie Xi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Shuyue Cai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ying Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, China
| | - Qingzhu Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jianguo Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Muller J, Marchisio L, Attia R, Zedet A, Maradan R, Vallet M, Aebischer A, Harakat D, Senejoux F, Ramseyer C, Foley S, Cardey B, Girard C, Pudlo M. A colorimetric assay adapted to fragment screening revealing aurones and chalcones as new arginase inhibitors. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1722-1730. [PMID: 38784454 PMCID: PMC11110760 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00713h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Arginase, a difficult-to-target metalloenzyme, is implicated in a wide range of diseases, including cancer, infectious, and cardiovascular diseases. Despite the medical need, existing inhibitors have limited structural diversity, consisting predominantly of amino acids and their derivatives. The search for innovative arginase inhibitors has now extended to screening approaches. Due to the small and narrow active site of arginase, screening must meet the criteria of fragment-based screening. However, the limited binding capacity of fragments requires working at high concentrations, which increases the risk of interference and false positives. In this study, we investigated three colorimetric assays and selected one based on interference for screening under these challenging conditions. The subsequent adaptation and application to the screening a library of metal chelator fragments resulted in the identification of four compounds with moderate activity. The synthesis and evaluation of a series of compounds from one of the hits led to compound 21a with an IC50 value of 91.1 μM close to the reference compound piceatannol. Finally, molecular modelling supports the potential binding of aurones and chalcones to the active site of arginase, suggesting them as new candidates for the development of novel arginase inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Muller
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Luca Marchisio
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Rym Attia
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Andy Zedet
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Robin Maradan
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Maxence Vallet
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Alison Aebischer
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Dominique Harakat
- URCATech, ICMR, CNRS UMR 7312 URCA Bât 18, BP 1039, Cedex 2 51687 Reims France
| | - François Senejoux
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Christophe Ramseyer
- Chrono-environnement UMR6249, CNRS Université de Franche-Comté F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Sarah Foley
- Chrono-environnement UMR6249, CNRS Université de Franche-Comté F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Bruno Cardey
- Chrono-environnement UMR6249, CNRS Université de Franche-Comté F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Corine Girard
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| | - Marc Pudlo
- Université de Franche-Comté, EFS, INSERM, UMR RIGHT F-25000 Besançon France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dussold C, Zilinger K, Turunen J, Heimberger AB, Miska J. Modulation of macrophage metabolism as an emerging immunotherapy strategy for cancer. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e175445. [PMID: 38226622 PMCID: PMC10786697 DOI: 10.1172/jci175445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunometabolism is a burgeoning field of research that investigates how immune cells harness nutrients to drive their growth and functions. Myeloid cells play a pivotal role in tumor biology, yet their metabolic influence on tumor growth and antitumor immune responses remains inadequately understood. This Review explores the metabolic landscape of tumor-associated macrophages, including the immunoregulatory roles of glucose, fatty acids, glutamine, and arginine, alongside the tools used to perturb their metabolism to promote antitumor immunity. The confounding role of metabolic inhibitors on our interpretation of myeloid metabolic phenotypes will also be discussed. A binary metabolic schema is currently used to describe macrophage immunological phenotypes, characterizing inflammatory M1 phenotypes, as supported by glycolysis, and immunosuppressive M2 phenotypes, as supported by oxidative phosphorylation. However, this classification likely underestimates the variety of states in vivo. Understanding these nuances will be critical when developing interventional metabolic strategies. Future research should focus on refining drug specificity and targeted delivery methods to maximize therapeutic efficacy.
Collapse
|
5
|
Gzik A, Borek B, Chrzanowski J, Jedrzejczak K, Dziegielewski M, Brzezinska J, Nowicka J, Grzybowski MM, Rejczak T, Niedzialek D, Wieczorek G, Olczak J, Golebiowski A, Zaslona Z, Blaszczyk R. Novel orally bioavailable piperidine derivatives as extracellular arginase inhibitors developed by a ring expansion. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 264:116033. [PMID: 38096651 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Arginase is a multifaced enzyme that plays an important role in health and disease being regarded as a therapeutic target for the treatment of various pathological states such as malignancies, asthma, and cardiovascular disease. The discovery of boronic acid-based arginase inhibitors in 1997 revolutionized attempts of medicinal chemistry focused on development of drugs targeting arginase. Unfortunately, these very polar compounds had limitations such as analysis and purification without chromophores, synthetically challenging space, and poor oral bioavailability. Herein, we present a novel class of boronic acid-based arginase inhibitors which are piperidine derivatives exhibiting a different pharmacological profile compared to our drug candidate in cancer immunotherapy -OATD-02 - dual ARG1/2 inhibitor with high intracellular activity. Compounds from this new series show low intracellular activity, hence they can inhibit mainly extracellular arginase, providing different therapeutic space compared to a dual intracellular ARG1/2 inhibitor. The disclosed series showed good inhibitory potential towards arginase enzyme in vitro (IC50 up to 160 nM), favorable pharmacokinetics in animal models, and encouraging preliminary in vitro and in vivo tolerability. Compounds from the new series have moderate-to-high oral bioavailability (up to 66 %) and moderate clearance in vivo. Herein we describe the development and optimization of the synthesis of the new class of boronic acid-based arginase inhibitors via a ring expansion approach starting from the inexpensive chirality source (d-hydroxyproline). This upgraded methodology facilitated a gram-scale delivery of the final compound and eliminated the need for costly and time-consuming chiral resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gzik
- Molecure S.A., Zwirki i Wigury 101, Warsaw, 02-089, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Julita Nowicka
- Molecure S.A., Zwirki i Wigury 101, Warsaw, 02-089, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Rejczak
- Molecure S.A., Zwirki i Wigury 101, Warsaw, 02-089, Poland
| | | | | | - Jacek Olczak
- Molecure S.A., Zwirki i Wigury 101, Warsaw, 02-089, Poland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kulkarni S, Bhandary D, Singh Y, Monga V, Thareja S. Boron in cancer therapeutics: An overview. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 251:108548. [PMID: 37858628 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Boron has become a crucial weapon in anticancer research due to its significant intervention in cell proliferation. Being an excellent bio-isosteric replacement of carbon, it has modulated the anticancer efficacy of various molecules in the development pipeline. It has elicited promising results through interactions with various therapeutic targets such as HIF-1α, steroid sulfatase, arginase, proteasome, etc. Since boron liberates alpha particles, it has a wide-scale application in Boron Neutron Capture therapy (BNCT), a radiotherapy that demonstrates selectivity towards cancer cells due to high boron uptake capacity. Significant advances in the medicinal chemistry of boronated compounds, such as boronated sugars, natural/unnatural amino acids, boronated DNA binders, etc., have been reported over the past few years as BNCT agents. In addition, boronated nanoparticles have assisted the field of bio-nano medicines by their usage in radiotherapy. This review exclusively focuses on the medicinal chemistry aspects, radiotherapeutic, and chemotherapeutic aspects of boron in cancer therapeutics. Emphasis is also given on the mechanism of action along with advantages over conventional therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swanand Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Dyuti Bhandary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Yogesh Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sadhukhan P, Seiwert TY. The role of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment and tumor metabolism. Semin Immunopathol 2023; 45:187-201. [PMID: 37002376 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-023-00988-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The complexity and plasticity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) make it difficult to fully understand the intratumoral regulation of different cell types and their activities. Macrophages play a crucial role in the signaling dynamics of the TME. Among the different subtypes of macrophages, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are often associated with poor prognosis, although some subtypes of TAMs can at the same time improve treatment responsiveness and lead to favorable clinical outcomes. TAMs are key regulators of cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, tumor metabolism, and importantly immunosuppression in the TME by modulating various chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors. TAMs have been identified as a key contributor to resistance to chemotherapy and cancer immunotherapy. In this review article, we aim to discuss the mechanisms by which TAMs regulate innate and adaptive immune signaling in the TME and summarize recent preclinical research on the development of therapeutics targeting TAMs and tumor metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Sadhukhan
- Johns Hopkins University, Skip Viragh Outpatient Cancer Building, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Tanguy Y Seiwert
- Johns Hopkins University, Skip Viragh Outpatient Cancer Building, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gathiaka S, Palte RL, So SS, Chai X, Richard Miller J, Kuvelkar R, Wen X, Cifelli S, Kreamer A, Liaw A, McLaren DG, Fischer C. Discovery of non-boronic acid Arginase 1 inhibitors through virtual screening and biophysical methods. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 84:129193. [PMID: 36822300 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Inhibiting Arginase 1 (ARG1), a metalloenzyme that hydrolyzes l-arginine in the urea cycle, has been demonstrated as a promising therapeutic avenue in immuno-oncology through the restoration of suppressed immune response in several types of cancers. Most of the currently reported small molecule inhibitors are boronic acid based. Herein, we report the discovery of non-boronic acid ARG1 inhibitors through virtual screening. Biophysical and biochemical methods were used to experimentally profile the hits while X-ray crystallography confirmed a class of trisubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives as optimizable alternatives for the development of novel classes of immuno-oncology agents targeting this enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Symon Gathiaka
- Computational & Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Rachel L Palte
- Computational & Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sung-Sau So
- Computational & Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Xiaomei Chai
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, NJ 02115, USA
| | - J Richard Miller
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Reshma Kuvelkar
- Screening, Target and Compound Profiling, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Xiujuan Wen
- Computational & Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven Cifelli
- Screening, Target and Compound Profiling, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Anthony Kreamer
- Screening, Target and Compound Profiling, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Andy Liaw
- Biometrics Research, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, 90 E Scott Ave, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - David G McLaren
- Computational & Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Proniewicz E, Gralec B, Ozaki Y. Homogeneous Pt nanostructures surface functionalized with phenylboronic acid phosphonic acid derivatives as potential biochemical nanosensors and drugs: SERS and TERS studies. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:1197-1206. [PMID: 36715221 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Here, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) were used to characterize the selective adsorption of N-substituted 4-[(NH-R)(phosphono)-S-methyl]phenylboronic acids on the surface of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) from an aqueous solution and from air. The nature of the interaction of the studied compounds with the PtNPs/H2 O and PtNPs/air interfaces was discussed and compared. For this purpose, 4-[(N-anilino)(phosphono)-S-methyl]phenylboronic acid (1-PBA-PA) and its two analogs (2-PBA-PA and bis{1-PBA-PA}) as well as the PtNPs were synthesized in surfactant/ion-free solution via a synthetic route that allows control of the size and morphology of the NPs. The positively charged PtNPs with a size of ~12 nm were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Proniewicz
- Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland.,School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University 1, Sanda, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Barbara Gralec
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University 1, Sanda, Hyogo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tang Y, Ye C, Zeng J, Zhu P, Cheng S, Zeng W, Yang B, Liu Y, Yu Y. Identification of a basement membrane-based risk scoring system for prognosis prediction and individualized therapy in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Front Genet 2023; 14:1038924. [PMID: 36816030 PMCID: PMC9935575 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1038924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) belongs to one of the 10 most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide and has a poor prognosis at the advanced stage. Although multiple therapeutic agents have been proven to be curative in ccRCC, their clinical application was limited due to the lack of reliable biomarkers. Considering the important role of basement membrane (BM) in tumor metastasis and TME regulation, we investigated the expression of BM-related genes in ccRCC and identified prognostic BM genes through differentially expression analysis and univariate cox regression analysis. Then, BM-related ccRCC subtypes were recognized through consensus non-negative matrix factorization based on the prognostic BM genes and evaluated with regard to clinical and TME features. Next, utilizing the differentially expressed genes between the BM-related subtypes, a risk scoring system BMRS was established after serial analysis of univariate cox regression analysis, lasso regression analysis, and multivariate cox regression analysis. Time-dependent ROC curve revealed the satisfactory prognosis predictive capacity of BMRS with internal, and external validation. Multivariate analysis proved the independent predictive ability of BMRS and a BMRS-based nomogram was constructed for clinical application. Some featured mutants were discovered through genomic analysis of the BMRS risk groups. Meanwhile, the BMRS groups were found to have distinct immune scores, immune cell infiltration levels, and immune-related functions. Moreover, with the help of data from The Cancer Immunome Atlas (TCIA) and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC), the potential of BMRS in predicting therapeutic response was evaluated and some possible therapeutic compounds were proposed through ConnectivityMap (CMap). For the practicability of BMRS, we validated the expression of BMRS-related genes in clinical samples. After all, we identified BM-related ccRCC subtypes with distinct clinical and TME features and constructed a risk scoring system for the prediction of prognosis, therapeutic responses, and potential therapeutic agents of ccRCC. As ccRCC systemic therapy continues to evolve, the risk scoring system BMRS we reported may assist in individualized medication administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Tang
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chujin Ye
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Zeng
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shouyu Cheng
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weinan Zeng
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bowen Yang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuming Yu, ; Yanjun Liu,
| | - Yuming Yu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuming Yu, ; Yanjun Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zahid KR, Raza U, Tumbath S, Jiang L, Xu W, Huang X. Neutrophils: Musketeers against immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:975981. [PMID: 36091114 PMCID: PMC9453237 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.975981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most copious leukocytes in human blood, play a critical role in tumorigenesis, cancer progression, and immune suppression. Recently, neutrophils have attracted the attention of researchers, immunologists, and oncologists because of their potential role in orchestrating immune evasion in human diseases including cancer, which has led to a hot debate redefining the contribution of neutrophils in tumor progression and immunity. To make this debate fruitful, this review seeks to provide a recent update about the contribution of neutrophils in immune suppression and tumor progression. Here, we first described the molecular pathways through which neutrophils aid in cancer progression and orchestrate immune suppression/evasion. Later, we summarized the underlying molecular mechanisms of neutrophil-mediated therapy resistance and highlighted various approaches through which neutrophil antagonism may heighten the efficacy of the immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Finally, we have highlighted several unsolved questions and hope that answering these questions will provide a new avenue toward immunotherapy revolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Rafiq Zahid
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Umar Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Soumya Tumbath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Lingxiang Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Xiumei Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Xiumei Huang,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
OATD-02 Validates the Benefits of Pharmacological Inhibition of Arginase 1 and 2 in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163967. [PMID: 36010962 PMCID: PMC9406419 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Arginase 1 and 2 are drivers of multiple immunosuppressive mechanisms and tumour-specific metabolic adaptations. Pharmacological inhibition of extracellular ARG1 has shown antitumour efficacy in various syngeneic tumour models, however, the importance of ARG2 as a therapeutic target has only been demonstrated by genetic deletion studies. This is the first study validating the benefits of pharmacological inhibition of ARG2 in cancer. Our work describes OATD-02 as a potent dual ARG1/ARG2 inhibitor with a cellular activity (necessary for targeting ARG2) exhibiting immunomodulatory and direct antitumour efficacy in animal models. Our results present OATD-02 as an attractive option for combination with other immunotherapeutics, such as PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies or IDO1 inhibitors, especially in the therapy of particularly resistant hypoxic tumours. The presented findings provided the rationale for planning first-in-human clinical trials for OATD-02 in cancer patients. Abstract Background: Arginases play essential roles in metabolic pathways, determining the fitness of both immune and tumour cells. Along with the previously validated role of ARG1 in cancer, the particular significance of ARG2 as a therapeutic target has emerged as its levels correlate with malignant phenotype and poor prognosis. These observations unveil arginases, and specifically ARG2, as well-validated and promising therapeutic targets. OATD-02, a new boronic acid derivative, is the only dual inhibitor, which can address the benefits of pharmacological inhibition of arginase 1 and 2 in cancer. Methods: The inhibitory activity of OATD-02 was determined using recombinant ARG1 and ARG2, as well as in a cellular system using primary hepatocytes and macrophages. In vivo antitumor activity was determined in syngeneic models of colorectal and kidney carcinomas (CT26 and Renca, respectively), as well as in an ARG2-dependent xenograft model of leukaemia (K562). Results: OATD-02 was shown to be a potent dual (ARG1/ARG2) arginase inhibitor with a cellular activity necessary for targeting ARG2. Compared to a reference inhibitor with predominant extracellular activity towards ARG1, we have shown improved and statistically significant antitumor efficacy in the CT26 model and an immunomodulatory effect reflected by Treg inhibition in the Renca model. Importantly, OATD-02 had a superior activity when combined with other immunotherapeutics. Finally, OATD-02 effectively inhibited the proliferation of human K562 leukemic cells both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: OATD-02 is a potent small-molecule arginase inhibitor with optimal drug-like properties, including PK/PD profile. Excellent activity against intracellular ARG2 significantly distinguishes OATD-02 from other arginase inhibitors. OATD-02 represents a very promising drug candidate for the combined treatment of tumours, and is the only pharmacological tool that can effectively address the benefits of ARG1/ARG2 inhibition. OATD-02 will enter clinical trials in cancer patients in 2022.
Collapse
|
13
|
Miao R, Huang J, Xia Y, Wei Y, Luo R, Ouyang L. Selective Synthesis of Ketones and Chiral Allylic Alcohols from the Addition of Arylboronic Acids to α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes Mediated by a Transition Metal/Monophosphorus Ligand System. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8576-8588. [PMID: 35713157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Here, we demonstrated a transition metal-mediated/monophosphorus ligand system for the selective synthesis of ketones or chiral allylic alcohols in high yields/enantiomeric excess from the 1,2-addition of arylboronic acids to α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. Notably, isomerization of the chiral allylic alcohols to ketones was suppressed by the Ru-catalyzed/monophosphorus ligand system. The asymmetric catalytic system provides an alternative and efficient method of preparing chiral allylic alcohols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Jinyong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, P. R. China
| | - YiFei Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Renshi Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Lu Ouyang
- School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Niu F, Yu Y, Li Z, Ren Y, Li Z, Ye Q, Liu P, Ji C, Qian L, Xiong Y. Arginase: An emerging and promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112840. [PMID: 35316752 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginase is a key hydrolase in the urea cycle that hydrolyses L-arginine to urea and L-ornithine. Increasing number of studies in recent years demonstrate that two mammalian arginase isoforms, arginase 1 (ARG1) and arginase 2 (ARG2), were aberrantly upregulated in various types of cancers, and played crucial roles in the regulation of tumor growth and metastasis through various mechanisms such as regulating L-arginine metabolism, influencing tumor immune microenvironment, etc. Thus, arginase receives increasing focus as an attractive target for cancer therapy. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the physiological and biological roles of arginase in a variety of cancers, and shed light on the underlying mechanisms of arginase mediating cancer cells growth and development, as well as summarize the recent clinical research advances of targeting arginase for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanglin Niu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuozhuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zi Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an 710018, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenshuang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an 710018, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ding Z, Zhang C, Zhang B, Li Q. Unraveling the Proteomic Landscape of Intestinal Epithelial Cell-Derived Exosomes in Mice. Front Physiol 2022; 13:773671. [PMID: 35283765 PMCID: PMC8905357 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.773671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to identify the biological functions of small intestine intestinal epithelial cell derived exosomes (IEC-Exos) and further distinguished the difference proteins in IEC-Exos between ileum and jejunum related to function of the digestive system and occurrence of several diseases. Materials and Methods IECs of Male C57BL/6J mice were isolated. IEC-Exos were extracted from jejunum and ileum epithelial cell culture fluid by ultracentrifugation. In addition, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were used to detect IEC-Exo proteins and conduct biological information analysis. Results The results showed that compared with jejunum IEC-Exos from ileum IEC-Exos, there were 393 up-regulated proteins and 346 down-regulated proteins. IECs-Exos, especially derived from jejunum, were rich in angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The highly expressed proteins from ileum IEC-Exos were mostly enriched in genetic information processing pathways, which mainly mediate the processes of bile acid transport, protein synthesis and processing modification. In contrast, the highly expressed proteins from jejunum IEC-Exos were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways involved in sugar, fatty acid, amino acid, drug, and bone metabolism, etc. The differentially expressed proteins between ileum and jejunum IEC-Exos were not only related to the function of the digestive system but also closely related to the occurrence of infectious diseases, endocrine diseases and osteoarthritis, etc. Conclusion IEC-Exos there were many differentially expressed proteins between ileum and jejunum, which played different roles in regulating intestinal biological functions. ACE2, the main host cell receptor of SARS-CoV-2, was highly expressed in IEC-Exos, which indicated that IEC-Exos may be a potential route of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiyu Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Baokun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Targeting Arginine in COVID-19-Induced Immunopathology and Vasculopathy. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12030240. [PMID: 35323682 PMCID: PMC8953281 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a major public health crisis that has caused the death of nearly six million people worldwide. Emerging data have identified a deficiency of circulating arginine in patients with COVID-19. Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid that serves as key regulator of immune and vascular cell function. Arginine is metabolized by nitric oxide (NO) synthase to NO which plays a pivotal role in host defense and vascular health, whereas the catabolism of arginine by arginase to ornithine contributes to immune suppression and vascular disease. Notably, arginase activity is upregulated in COVID-19 patients in a disease-dependent fashion, favoring the production of ornithine and its metabolites from arginine over the synthesis of NO. This rewiring of arginine metabolism in COVID-19 promotes immune and endothelial cell dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, inflammation, vasoconstriction, thrombosis, and arterial thickening, fibrosis, and stiffening, which can lead to vascular occlusion, muti-organ failure, and death. Strategies that restore the plasma concentration of arginine, inhibit arginase activity, and/or enhance the bioavailability and potency of NO represent promising therapeutic approaches that may preserve immune function and prevent the development of severe vascular disease in patients with COVID-19.
Collapse
|
17
|
Kaitoh K, Yamanishi Y. Scaffold-Retained Structure Generator to Exhaustively Create Molecules in an Arbitrary Chemical Space. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:2212-2225. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Kaitoh
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yamanishi
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Muller J, Attia R, Zedet A, Girard C, Pudlo M. An Update on Arginase Inhibitors and Inhibitory Assays. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:1963-1976. [PMID: 34967285 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666211229105703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Arginase, which converts arginine into ornithine and urea, is a promising therapeutic target. Arginase is involved in cardiovascular diseases, parasitic infections and, through a critical role in immunity, in some cancers. There is a need to develop effective arginase inhibitors and therefore efforts to identify and optimize new inhibitors are increasing. Several methods of evaluating arginase activity are available, but few directly measure the product. Radiometric assays need to separate urea and dying reactions require acidic conditions and sometimes heating. Hence, there are a variety of different approaches available, and each approach has its own limits and benefits. In this review, we provide an update on arginase inhibitors, followed by a discussion on available arginase assays and alternative methods, with a focus on the intrinsic biases and parameters that are likely to impact results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Muller
- PEPITE EA4267, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25030 Besançon, France
| | - Rym Attia
- PEPITE EA4267, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25030 Besançon, France
| | - Andy Zedet
- PEPITE EA4267, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25030 Besançon, France
| | - Corine Girard
- PEPITE EA4267, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25030 Besançon, France
| | - Marc Pudlo
- PEPITE EA4267, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25030 Besançon, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xiao YC, Yu JL, Dai QQ, Li G, Li GB. Targeting Metalloenzymes by Boron-Containing Metal-Binding Pharmacophores. J Med Chem 2021; 64:17706-17727. [PMID: 34875836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metalloenzymes have critical roles in a wide range of biological processes and are directly involved in many human diseases; hence, they are considered as important targets for therapeutic intervention. The specific characteristics of metal ion(s)-containing active sites make exploitation of metal-binding pharmacophores (MBPs) critical to inhibitor development targeting metalloenzymes. This Perspective focuses on boron-containing MBPs, which display unique binding modes with metalloenzyme active sites, particularly via mimicking native substrates or tetrahedral transition states. The design concepts regarding boron-containing MBPs are highlighted through the case analyses on five distinct classes of clinically relevant nucleophilic metalloenzymes from medicinal chemistry perspectives. The challenges (e.g., selectivity) faced by some boron-containing MBPs and possible strategies (e.g., bioisosteres) for metalloenzyme inhibitor transformation are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Cai Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jun-Lin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qing-Qing Dai
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Gen Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guo-Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tan Y, Wu J, Song L, Zhang M, Hipolito CJ, Wu C, Wang S, Zhang Y, Yin Y. Merging the Versatile Functionalities of Boronic Acid with Peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312958. [PMID: 34884766 PMCID: PMC8657650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides inherently feature the favorable properties of being easily synthesized, water-soluble, biocompatible, and typically non-toxic. Thus, boronic acid has been widely integrated with peptides with the goal of discovering peptide ligands with novel biological activities, and this effort has led to broad applications. Taking the integration between boronic acid and peptide as a starting point, we provide an overview of the latest research advances and highlight the versatile and robust functionalities of boronic acid. In this review, we summarize the diverse applications of peptide boronic acids in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology, including the identification of covalent reversible enzyme inhibitors, recognition, and detection of glycans on proteins or cancer cell surface, delivery of siRNAs, development of pH responsive devices, and recognition of RNA or bacterial surfaces. Additionally, we discuss boronic acid-mediated peptide cyclization and peptide modifications, as well as the facile chemical synthesis of peptide boronic acids, which paved the way for developing a growing number of peptide boronic acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Y.T.); (J.W.); (L.S.); (M.Z.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Junjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Y.T.); (J.W.); (L.S.); (M.Z.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Lulu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Y.T.); (J.W.); (L.S.); (M.Z.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Y.T.); (J.W.); (L.S.); (M.Z.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Christopher John Hipolito
- Screening & Compound Profiling, Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA;
| | - Changsheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Y.T.); (J.W.); (L.S.); (M.Z.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Youming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Y.T.); (J.W.); (L.S.); (M.Z.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yizhen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Y.T.); (J.W.); (L.S.); (M.Z.); (C.W.); (Y.Z.)
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (Y.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li M, Qin J, Xiong K, Jiang B, Zhang T. Review of arginase as a promising biocatalyst: characteristics, preparation, applications and future challenges. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:651-667. [PMID: 34612104 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1947962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
As a committed step in the urea cycle, arginase cleaves l-arginine to form l-ornithine and urea. l-Ornithine is essential to: cell proliferation, collagen formation and other physiological functions, while the urea cycle itself converts highly toxic ammonia to urea for excretion. Recently, arginase was exploited as an efficient catalyst for the environmentally friendly synthesis of l-ornithine, an abundant nonprotein amino acid that is widely employed as a food supplement and nutrition product. It was also proposed as an arginine-reducing agent in order to treat arginase deficiency and to be a means of depleting arginine to treat arginine auxotrophic tumors. Targeting arginase inhibitors of the arginase/ornithine pathway offers great promise as a therapy for: cardiovascular, central nervous system diseases and cancers with high arginase expression. In this review, recent advances in the characteristics, structure, catalytic mechanism and preparation of arginase were summarized, with a focus being placed on the biotechnical and medical applications of arginase. In particular, perspectives have been presented on the challenges and opportunities for the environmentally friendly utilization of arginase during l-ornithine production and in therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiufu Qin
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kai Xiong
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lu M, Zhang H, Li D, Childers M, Pu Q, Palte RL, Gathiaka S, Lyons TW, Palani A, Fan PW, Spacciapoli P, Miller JR, Cho H, Cheng M, Chakravarthy K, O’Neil J, Eangoor P, Beard A, Kim HY, Saurí J, Gunaydin H, Sloman DL, Siliphaivanh P, Cumming J, Fischer C. Structure-Based Discovery of Proline-Derived Arginase Inhibitors with Improved Oral Bioavailability for Immuno-Oncology. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1380-1388. [PMID: 34527178 PMCID: PMC8436246 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
Recent data suggest
that the inhibition of arginase (ARG) has therapeutic
potential for the treatment of a number of indications ranging from
pulmonary and vascular disease to cancer. Thus, high demand exists
for selective small molecule ARG inhibitors with favorable druglike
properties and good oral bioavailability. In light of the significant
challenges associated with the unique physicochemical properties of
previously disclosed ARG inhibitors, we use structure-based drug design
combined with a focused optimization strategy to discover a class
of boronic acids featuring a privileged proline scaffold with superior
potency and oral bioavailability. These compounds, exemplified by
inhibitors 4a, 18, and 27,
demonstrated a favorable overall profile, and 4a was
well tolerated following multiple days of dosing at concentrations
that exceed those required for serum arginase inhibition and concomitant
arginine elevation in a syngeneic mouse carcinoma model.
Collapse
|
23
|
Sosnowska A, Chlebowska-Tuz J, Matryba P, Pilch Z, Greig A, Wolny A, Grzywa TM, Rydzynska Z, Sokolowska O, Rygiel TP, Grzybowski M, Stanczak P, Blaszczyk R, Nowis D, Golab J. Inhibition of arginase modulates T-cell response in the tumor microenvironment of lung carcinoma. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1956143. [PMID: 34367736 PMCID: PMC8312619 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1956143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has demonstrated significant activity in a broad range of cancer types, but still the majority of patients receiving it do not maintain durable therapeutic responses. Amino acid metabolism has been proposed to be involved in the regulation of immune response. Here, we investigated in detail the role of arginase 1 (Arg1) in the modulation of antitumor immune response against poorly immunogenic Lewis lung carcinoma. We observed that tumor progression is associated with an incremental increase in the number of Arg1+ myeloid cells that accumulate in the tumor microenvironment and cause systemic depletion of ʟ-arginine. In advanced tumors, the systemic concentrations of ʟ-arginine are decreased to levels that impair the proliferation of antigen-specific T-cells. Systemic or myeloid-specific Arg1 deletion improves antigen-induced proliferation of adoptively transferred T-cells and leads to inhibition of tumor growth. Arginase inhibitor was demonstrated to modestly inhibit tumor growth when used alone, and to potentiate antitumor effects of anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies and STING agonist. The effectiveness of the combination immunotherapy was insufficient to induce complete antitumor responses, but was significantly better than treatment with the checkpoint inhibitor alone. Together, these results indicate that arginase inhibition alone is of modest therapeutic benefit in poorly immunogenic tumors; however, in combination with other treatment strategies it may significantly improve survival outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sosnowska
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Chlebowska-Tuz
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Matryba
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.,The Doctoral School of the Medical University of Warsaw, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Pilch
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alan Greig
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Artur Wolny
- Laboratory of Imaging Tissue Structure and Function, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz M Grzywa
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,The Doctoral School of the Medical University of Warsaw, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Rydzynska
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Sokolowska
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz P Rygiel
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Dominika Nowis
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Golab
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Centre of Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dean MJ, Ochoa JB, Sanchez-Pino MD, Zabaleta J, Garai J, Del Valle L, Wyczechowska D, Baiamonte LB, Philbrook P, Majumder R, Vander Heide RS, Dunkenberger L, Thylur RP, Nossaman B, Roberts WM, Chapple AG, Wu J, Hicks C, Collins J, Luke B, Johnson R, Koul HK, Rees CA, Morris CR, Garcia-Diaz J, Ochoa AC. Severe COVID-19 Is Characterized by an Impaired Type I Interferon Response and Elevated Levels of Arginase Producing Granulocytic Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:695972. [PMID: 34341659 PMCID: PMC8324422 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.695972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 ranges from asymptomatic in 35% of cases to severe in 20% of patients. Differences in the type and degree of inflammation appear to determine the severity of the disease. Recent reports show an increase in circulating monocytic-myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSC) in severe COVID 19 that deplete arginine but are not associated with respiratory complications. Our data shows that differences in the type, function and transcriptome of granulocytic-MDSC (G-MDSC) may in part explain the severity COVID-19, in particular the association with pulmonary complications. Large infiltrates by Arginase 1+ G-MDSC (Arg+G-MDSC), expressing NOX-1 and NOX-2 (important for production of reactive oxygen species) were found in the lungs of patients who died from COVID-19 complications. Increased circulating Arg+G-MDSC depleted arginine, which impaired T cell receptor and endothelial cell function. Transcriptomic signatures of G-MDSC from patients with different stages of COVID-19, revealed that asymptomatic patients had increased expression of pathways and genes associated with type I interferon (IFN), while patients with severe COVID-19 had increased expression of genes associated with arginase production, and granulocyte degranulation and function. These results suggest that asymptomatic patients develop a protective type I IFN response, while patients with severe COVID-19 have an increased inflammatory response that depletes arginine, impairs T cell and endothelial cell function, and causes extensive pulmonary damage. Therefore, inhibition of arginase-1 and/or replenishment of arginine may be important in preventing/treating severe COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Dean
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Juan B. Ochoa
- Department of Surgery, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Maria Dulfary Sanchez-Pino
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Genetics, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jone Garai
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Luis Del Valle
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Pathology LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | | | | | - Phaethon Philbrook
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Genetics, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Rinku Majumder
- Department of Biochemistry, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | | | - Logan Dunkenberger
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | | | - Bobby Nossaman
- Department of Surgery, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - W. Mark Roberts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Andrew G. Chapple
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- School of Public Health, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jiande Wu
- Department of Genetics, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Chindo Hicks
- Department of Genetics, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jack Collins
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Brian Luke
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Randall Johnson
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Hari K. Koul
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Chris A. Rees
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Claudia R. Morris
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Julia Garcia-Diaz
- Tissue Biorepository, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Augusto C. Ochoa
- Louisiana State University Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, LSU Health, New Orleans, LA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dean MJ, Ochoa JB, Sanchez-Pino M, Zabaleta J, Garai J, Del Valle L, Wyczechowska D, Buckner L, Philbrook P, Majumder R, Heide RV, Dunkenberger L, Thylur R, Nossaman R, Roberts WM, Chapple A, Collins J, Luke B, Johnson R, Koul H, Rees CA, Morris CR, Garcia-Diaz J, Ochoa AC. Transcriptome and Functions of Granulocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Determine their Association with Disease Severity of COVID-19. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [PMID: 33791717 DOI: 10.1101/2021.03.26.21254441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 ranges from asymptomatic in 35% of cases to severe in 20% of patients. Differences in the type and degree of inflammation appear to determine the severity of the disease. Recent reports show an increase in circulating monocytic-myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSC) in severe COVID 19, that deplete arginine but are not associated with respiratory complications. Our data shows that differences in the type, function and transcriptome of Granulocytic-MDSC (G-MDSC) may in part explain the severity COVID-19, in particular the association with pulmonary complications. Large infiltrates by Arginase 1 + G-MDSC (Arg + G-MDSC), expressing NOX-1 and NOX-2 (important for production of reactive oxygen species) were found in the lungs of patients who died from COVID-19 complications. Increased circulating Arg + G-MDSC depleted arginine, which impaired T cell receptor and endothelial cell function. Transcriptomic signatures of G-MDSC from patients with different stages of COVID-19, revealed that asymptomatic patients had increased expression of pathways and genes associated with type I interferon (IFN), while patients with severe COVID-19 had increased expression of genes associated with arginase production, and granulocyte degranulation and function. These results suggest that asymptomatic patients develop a protective type I IFN response, while patients with severe COVID-19 have an increased inflammatory response that depletes arginine, impairs T cell and endothelial cell function, and causes extensive pulmonary damage. Therefore, inhibition of arginase-1 and/or replenishment of arginine may be important in preventing/treating severe COVID-19.
Collapse
|
26
|
Talty R, Olino K. Metabolism of Innate Immune Cells in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040904. [PMID: 33670082 PMCID: PMC7927092 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Both cancer cells and immune cells depend on specific metabolic programs for their survival and function. Depending on which metabolic changes occur, immune cells can either promote or suppress the antitumor immune response. This review summarizes the metabolic pathways that polarize innate immune cells for immune activation or suppression and describes the current clinical applications of these findings. Abstract Cancer cells possess specific metabolic requirements for their survival, proliferation, and progression. Within a shared microenvironment, immune cells depend on competing metabolic pathways for their development and effector function. As a result, local acidification, hypoxia, and nutrient depletion in the tumor microenvironment can alter the antitumor immune response and even promote resistance to immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cell transfer. Although T cells are the primary effectors of the antitumor response, growing evidence demonstrates that innate immune cells are critical to successful tumor clearance. This review aims to summarize current research related to the innate immune system, metabolism, and cancer. We first discuss the specific metabolic requirements of innate immune cells for immune activation and suppression and conclude by highlighting ongoing clinical applications of these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Talty
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
| | - Kelly Olino
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sabnis RW. Novel Arginase Inhibitors for Treating Cancer and Respiratory Inflammatory Diseases. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:2370-2371. [PMID: 33335657 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ram W. Sabnis
- Smith, Gambrell & Russell LLP, 1230 Peachtree Street NE, Suite 3100, Atlanta, Georgia 30309, United States
| |
Collapse
|