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Islam R, Yen KP, Rani NN'IM, Hossain MS. Recent advancement in developing small molecular inhibitors targeting key kinase pathways against triple-negative breast cancer. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 112:117877. [PMID: 39159528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) stands out as the most formidable variant of breast cancer, predominantly affecting younger women and characterized by a bleak outlook and a high likelihood of spreading. The absence of safe and effective targeted treatments leaves standard cytotoxic chemotherapy as the primary option. The role of protein kinases, frequently altered in many cancers, is significant in the advancement and drug resistance of TNBC, making them a logical target for creating new, potent therapies against TNBC. Recently, an array of promising small molecules aimed at various kinases have been developed specifically for TNBC, with combination studies showing a synergistic improvement in combatting this condition. This review underscores the effectiveness of small molecule kinase inhibitors in battling the most lethal form of breast cancer and sheds light on prospective pathways for crafting novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajibul Islam
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Khor Poh Yen
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Royal College of Medicine Perak, 30450 Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Nur Najihah 'Izzati Mat Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Royal College of Medicine Perak, 30450 Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Md Selim Hossain
- Vascular Biology Centre, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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2
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Naguib BH, Elsebaie HA, Nafie MS, Mohamady S, Albujuq NR, Samir Ayed A, Nada D, Khalil AF, Hefny SM, Tawfik HO, Shaldam MA. Fragment-based design and synthesis of coumarin-based thiazoles as dual c-MET/STAT-3 inhibitors for potential antitumor agents. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107682. [PMID: 39137597 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
c-MET and STAT-3 are significant targets for cancer treatments. Here, we describe a class of very effective dual STAT-3 and c-MET inhibitors with coumarin-based thiazoles (3a-o) as its scaffold. Spectroscopic evidence (NMR, HRMS, and HPLC) validated the structural discoveries of the new compounds. The cytotoxic activity of these compounds was also tested against a panel of cancer cells in accordance with US-NCI guidelines. Compound 3g proved to be active at 10 µM, thus it was automatically scheduled to be tested at five doses. Towards SNB-75 (CNS cancer cell line), compound 3g showed notable in vitro anti-cancer activity with GI50 = 1.43 μM. For the molecular targets, compound 3g displayed potent activity towards STAT-3 and c-MET having IC50 of 4.7 µM and 12.67, respectively, compared to Cabozantinib (IC50 = 15 nM of c-MET) and STAT-3-IN-3 (IC50 = 2.1 µM of STAT-3). Moreover, compound 3g significantly induced apoptosis in SNB-75 cells, causing a 3.04-fold increase in apoptotic cell death (treated cells exhibited 11.53 % overall apoptosis, against 3.04 % in reference cells) and a 3.58-fold increase in necrosis. Moreover, it arrests cells at the G2 phase. Dual inhibition of c-MET and STAT-3 protein kinase was further validated using RT-PCR. The target compound's binding mechanism was determined by the application of molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem H Naguib
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo 11837, Egypt
| | - Heba A Elsebaie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Samy Mohamady
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo 11837, Egypt; The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo 11837, Egypt
| | - Nader R Albujuq
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Aya Samir Ayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, P.O. 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Dina Nada
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Salma M Hefny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Haytham O Tawfik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Moataz A Shaldam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, P.O. Box 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
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Mohamed DM, Kheder NA, Sharaky M, Nafie MS, Dawood KM, Abbas AA. Synthesis of novel piperazine-based bis(thiazole)(1,3,4-thiadiazole) hybrids as anti-cancer agents through caspase-dependent apoptosis. RSC Adv 2024; 14:24992-25006. [PMID: 39131497 PMCID: PMC11310838 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra05091f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of novel piperazine-based bis(thiazoles) 13a-d were synthesized in moderate to good yields via reaction of the bis(thiosemicarbazones) 7a, b with an assortment of C-acetyl-N-aryl-hydrazonoyl chlorides 8a-f. Similar treatment of the bis(thiosemicarbazone) 7a, b with C-aryl-N-phenylhydrazonoyl chlorides 10a, b afforded the expected bis(thiadiazole) based piperazine products 13b-d in reasonable yields. Cyclization of 7a, b with two equivalents of α-haloketones 14a-d led to the production of the corresponding bis(4-arylthiazol)piperazine derivatives 15a-h in good yields. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed from elemental and spectral data (FTIR, MALDI-TOF, 1H, and 13C NMR). The cytotoxicity of the new compounds was screened against hepatoblastoma (HepG2), human colorectal carcinoma (HCT 116), breast cancer (MCF-7), and Human Dermal Fibroblasts (HDF). Interestingly, all compounds showed promising cytotoxicity against most of the cell lines. Interestingly, compounds 7b, 9a, and 9i exhibited IC50 values of 3.5, 12.1, and 1.2 nM, respectively, causing inhibition of 89.7%, 83.7%, and 97.5%, compared to Erlotinib (IC50 = 1.3 nM, 97.8% inhibition). Compound 9i dramatically induced apoptotic cell death by 4.16-fold and necrosis cell death by 4.79-fold. Compound 9i upregulated the apoptosis-related genes and downregulated the Bcl-2 as an anti-apoptotic gene. Accordingly, the most promising EGFR-targeted chemotherapeutic agent to treat colon cancer was found to be compound 9i.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa M Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt +202 35727556 +202 35676602
| | - Nabila A Kheder
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt +202 35727556 +202 35676602
| | - Marwa Sharaky
- Pharmacology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah P. O. 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University Ismailia 41522 Egypt
| | - Kamal M Dawood
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt +202 35727556 +202 35676602
| | - Ashraf A Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt +202 35727556 +202 35676602
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Elsebaie HA, Nafie MS, Tawfik HO, Belal A, Ghoneim MM, Obaidullah AJ, Shaaban S, Ayed AA, El-Naggar M, Mehany ABM, Shaldam MA. Discovery of new 1,3-diphenylurea appended aryl pyridine derivatives as apoptosis inducers through c-MET and VEGFR-2 inhibition: design, synthesis, in vivo and in silico studies. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:2553-2569. [PMID: 39026631 PMCID: PMC11253870 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00280f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Interest has been generated in VEGFR-2 and c-MET as potential receptors for the treatment of different malignancies. Using aryl pyridine derivatives with 1,3-diphenylurea attached, a number of promising dual VEGFR-2 and c-MET inhibitors were developed and synthesized. Regarding the molecular target, compounds 2d, 2f, 2j, 2k, and 2n had potent IC50 values of 65, 24, 150, 170, and 18 nM against c-MET, respectively. Additionally, they had potent IC50 values of 310, 35, 290, 320, and 24 nM against VEGFR-2, respectively. Regarding cytotoxicity, compounds 2d, 2f, 2j, 2k and 2n exhibited potent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 with IC50 values in the range 0.76-21.5 μM, and they showed promising cytotoxic activity against PC-3 with IC50 values in the range 1.85-3.42 μM compared to cabozantinib (IC50 = 1.06 μM against MCF-7 and 2.01 μM against PC-3). Regarding cell death, compound 2n caused cell death in MCF-7 cells by 87.34-fold; it induced total apoptosis by 33.19% (8.04% for late apoptosis, 25.15% for early apoptosis), stopping their growth in the G2/M phase, affecting the expression of apoptosis-related genes P53, Bax, caspases 3 and 9 and the anti-apoptotic gene, Bcl-2. In vivo study illustrated the anticancer activity of compound 2n by reduction of tumor mass and volume, and the tumor inhibition ratio reached 56.1% with an improvement of hematological parameters. Accordingly, compound 2n can be further developed as a selective target-oriented chemotherapeutic against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A Elsebaie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University Tanta 31527 Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah Sharjah 27272 United Arab Emirates
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University Ismailia 41522 Egypt
| | - Haytham O Tawfik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University Tanta 31527 Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, AlSalam University in Egypt Kafr Al Zaiyat 6615062 Egypt
| | - Amany Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University P.O. Box 11099 Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University Ad Diriyah Riyadh 13713 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad J Obaidullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University P.O. Box 2457 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Salwa Shaaban
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of pharmacySuef University Beni-Suef Egypt
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied medical Sciences, King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelmoneim A Ayed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Giza Cairo 12613 Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Naggar
- Chemistry department, Faculty of Sciences, Pure and Applied Chemistry Group, University of Sharjah P. O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed B M Mehany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Moataz A Shaldam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, AlSalam University in Egypt Kafr Al Zaiyat 6615062 Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University P.O. Box 33516 Kafrelsheikh Egypt
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Albelwi FF, Nafie MS, Albujuq NR, Hourani W, Aljuhani A, Darwish KM, Tawfik MM, Rezki N, Aouad MR. Design and synthesis of chromene-1,2,3-triazole benzene sulfonamide hybrids as potent carbonic anhydrase-IX inhibitors against prostate cancer. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:2440-2461. [PMID: 39026656 PMCID: PMC11253856 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00302k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering the promising effects of molecular hybridization on drug discovery in recent years and the ongoing endeavors to develop bioactive scaffolds tethering the 1,2,3-triazole core, the present study sought to investigate whether the 1,2,3-triazole-linked chromene and benzene sulfonamide nucleus could exhibit activity against the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and prostate cancer cell line PC-3. To this end, three focused bioactive series of mono- and -bis-1,2,3-triazoles were effectively synthesized via copper-assisted cycloaddition of mono- and/or di-alkyne chromenone derivatives 2a and b and 9 with several sulfa drug azides 4a-d and 6. The resulting molecular derivatives were tested for cytotoxicity against prostate and breast cancer cells. Among the derivatives, 10a, 10c, and 10e exhibited potent cytotoxicity against PC-3 cells with IC50 values of 2.08, 7.57, and 5.52 μM compared to doxorubicin (IC50 = 2.31 μM) with potent inhibition of CA IX with IC50 values of 0.113, 0.134, and 0.214 μM. The most active compound, 10a, was tested for apoptosis-induction; it induced apoptosis by 31.9-fold cell cycle arrest at the G1-phase. Further, the molecular modeling approach highlighted the relevant binding affinity for the top-active compound 10a against CA IX as one of the most prominent PC-3 prostate cancer-associated biotargets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzia F Albelwi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41477 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah P.O. 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University P.O. 41522 Ismailia Egypt
| | - Nader R Albujuq
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan Amman 11942 Jordan
| | - Wafa Hourani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University Amman 19392 Jordan
| | - Ateyatallah Aljuhani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41477 Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled M Darwish
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University Ismailia 41522 Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Tawfik
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University Port Said 42526 Egypt
| | - Nadjet Rezki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41477 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Reda Aouad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41477 Saudi Arabia
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Basir NH, Ramle AQ, Ng MP, Tan CH, Tiekink ERT, Sim KS, Basirun WJ, Khairuddean M. Discovery of indoleninyl-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines as potent chemotherapeutic agents against colorectal cancer cells. Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107256. [PMID: 38460334 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
A new series of indolenines decorated with pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines were designed and synthesized in up to 96% yield from the acid-catalyzed cyclocondensation of 1,3-dialdehydes with 3-aminopyrazoles. X-ray crystallography on a representative derivative, 5n, revealed two close to planar conformations whereby the N-atom of the pyridyl residue was syn or anti to the pyrrole-N atom in the two independent molecules of the asymmetric unit. The computational and DNA binding data suggest that 5n is a strong DNA intercalator with the results in agreement with its potent cytotoxicity against two colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT 116 and HT-29). In contrast to doxorubicin, compounds 5k-o have higher druggability (compliance to more criteria stated in Lipinski's rule of five and Veber's rule), higher bioavailability, and better medicinal chemistry properties, indicative of their potential application as chemotherapeutical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Husnaini Basir
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Qaiyum Ramle
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Min Phin Ng
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chun Hoe Tan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, Lincoln University College, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Edward R T Tiekink
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Kae Shin Sim
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Jefrey Basirun
- Department of Chemistry, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Melati Khairuddean
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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Tantawy ES, Nafie MS, Morsy HA, El-Sayed HA, Moustafa AH, Mohammed SM. Synthesis of novel bioactive pyrido[2,3- d]pyrimidine derivatives with potent cytotoxicity through apoptosis as PIM-1 kinase inhibitors. RSC Adv 2024; 14:11098-11111. [PMID: 38586446 PMCID: PMC10996840 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00902a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Direct synthesis and cytotoxicity activity of new series of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine was described. Nicotinamide 2 was synthesized via cyclization of N-cyclohexyl derivative with cyanoacetamide. The o-aminonicotinonitrile 2 was subjected to acylation or thio acylation process followed by intramolecular heterocyclization to afford the desired pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine (3-10) and pyrido triazine 11. Compounds 4 and 11 exhibited remarkable cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 0.57 μM and 1.31 μM and IC50 values of 1.13 μM and 0.99 μM against HepG2 cells. Interestingly, compounds 4 and 10 had potent PIM-1 kinase inhibition with IC50 values of 11.4 and 17.2 nM, respectively, with inhibition of 97.8% and 94.6% compared to staurosporine (IC50 = 16.7 nM, with 95.6% inhibition). Moreover, compound 4 significantly activated apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, increasing the cell apoptosis by 58.29-fold by having 36.14% total apoptosis in treated cells compared to 0.62% for control. Moreover, it arrested the cell cycle at the G1 phase. PIM-1 kinase inhibition was virtually elucidated by the molecular docking study, highlighting binding interactions of the lead compound 4 towards the PIM-1 protein. Accordingly, compound 4 was validated as a promising PIM-1 targeted chemotherapeutic agent to treat breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman S Tantawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah P. O. 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University P. O. 41522 Ismailia Egypt
| | - Hesham A Morsy
- Higher Institution of Engineering & Modern Technology Elmarg Cairo 13774 Egypt
| | - Hassan A El-Sayed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Moustafa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
| | - Samar M Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt
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Nafie MS, Al-Majid AM, Ali M, Alayyaf AA, Haukka M, Ashraf S, Ul-Haq Z, El-Faham A, Barakat A. Exploring pyrrolidinyl-spirooxindole natural products as promising platforms for the synthesis of novel spirooxindoles as EGFR/CDK2 inhibitors for halting breast cancer cells. Front Chem 2024; 12:1364378. [PMID: 38487783 PMCID: PMC10937419 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1364378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents a global challenge, and the pursuit of developing new cancer treatments that are potent, safe, less prone to drug resistance, and associated with fewer side effects poses a significant challenge in cancer research and drug discovery. Drawing inspiration from pyrrolidinyl-spirooxindole natural products, a novel series of spirooxindoles has been synthesized through a one-pot three-component reaction, involving a [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. The cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and safety profile against WISH cells of the newly developed library were assessed using the MTT assay. Compounds 5l and 5o exhibited notable cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells (IC50 = 3.4 and 4.12 μM, respectively) and MDA-MB-231 cells (IC50 = 8.45 and 4.32 μM, respectively) compared to Erlotinib. Conversely, compounds 5a-f displayed promising cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells with IC50 values range (IC50 = 5.87-18.5 μM) with selective activity against MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. Compound 5g demonstrated the highest cytotoxicity (IC50 = 2.8 μM) among the tested compounds. Additionally, compounds 5g, 5l, and 5n were found to be safe (non-cytotoxic) against WISH cells with higher IC50 values ranging from 39.33 to 47.2 μM. Compounds 5g, 5l, and 5n underwent testing for their inhibitory effects against EGFR and CDK-2. Remarkably, they demonstrated potent EGFR inhibition, with IC50 values of 0.026, 0.067, and 0.04 μM and inhibition percentages of 92.6%, 89.8%, and 91.2%, respectively, when compared to Erlotinib (IC50 = 0.03 μM, 95.4%). Furthermore, these compounds exhibited potent CDK-2 inhibition, with IC50 values of 0.301, 0.345, and 0.557 μM and inhibition percentages of 91.9%, 89.4%, and 88.7%, respectively, in contrast to Roscovitine (IC50 = 0.556 μM, 92.1%). RT-PCR analysis was performed on both untreated and 5g-treated MCF-7 cells to confirm apoptotic cell death. Treatment with 5g increased the gene expression of pro-apoptotic genes P53, Bax, caspases 3, 8, and 9 with notable fold changes while decreasing the expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2. Molecular docking and dynamic simulations (100 ns simulation using AMBER22) were conducted to investigate the binding mode of the most potent candidates, namely, 5g, 5l, and 5n, within the active sites of EGFR and CDK-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | - M. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Matti Haukka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sajda Ashraf
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ayman El-Faham
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Mohamady S, Khalil AF, Naguib BH, Nafie MS, Tawfik HO, Shaldam MA. Tailored horseshoe-shaped nicotinonitrile scaffold as dual promising c-Met and Pim-1 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, SAR and in silico study. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:106988. [PMID: 37995644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
For the horseshoe tactic to succeed in inhibiting c-Met and Pim-1, the nicotinonitrile derivatives (2a-n) were produced in high quantities by coupling acetyl phenylpyrazole (1) with the proper aldehydes and ethyl cyanoacetate under basic conditions. Consistent basic and spectroscopic data (NMR, IR, Mass, and HPLC) supported the new products' structural findings. With IC50 potency in nanomolar ranges, these compounds had effectively repressed them, particularly compounds 2d and 2 h, with IC50 values below 200 nM. The most potent compounds (2d and 2 h) were tested for their antitumor effects against prostate (PC-3), colon (HCT-116), and breast (MDA-MB-231) and were evaluated in comparison to the anticancer drug tivantinib using the MTT assay. Similar to tivantinib, these compounds showed good antiproliferative properties against the HCT-116 tumor cells while having low cytotoxicity towards healthy fetal colon (FHC) cells. In the HCT-116 cell line, their ability to trigger the apoptotic cascade was also investigated by looking at the level of Bax and Bcl-2 as well as the activation of the proteolytic caspase cascade. When HCT-116 cells were exposed to compounds 2d and 2 h in comparison to the control, active caspase-3 levels increased. The HCT-116 cell line also upregulated Bcl-2 protein levels and downregulated Bax levels. Additionally, when treated with compound 2d, the HCT-116 cell cycle was primarily stopped at the S phase. Compared to the control, compound 2d treatment significantly inhibited the protein expression levels of c-Met and Pim-1 kinases in the treated HCT-116 cells. Thorough molecular modeling analyses, such as molecular docking and dynamic simulation, were performed to ascertain the binding mechanism and stability of the target compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Mohamady
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo 11837, Egypt; The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo 11837, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed F Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Bassem H Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo 11837, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates (UAE); Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Haytham O Tawfik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Moataz A Shaldam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh P.O. Box 33516, Egypt
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10
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Chen S, Yang Y, Yuan Y, Bo Liu. Targeting PIM kinases in cancer therapy: An update on pharmacological small-molecule inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 264:116016. [PMID: 38071792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
PIM kinases, a serine/threonine kinase family with three isoforms, has been well-known to participate in multiple physiological processes by phosphorylating various downstream targets. Accumulating evidence has recently unveiled that aberrant upregulation of PIM kinases (PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3) are closely associated with tumor cell proliferation, migration, survival, and even resistance. Inhibiting or silencing of PIM kinases has been reported have remarkable antitumor effects, such as anti-proliferation, pro-apoptosis and resensitivity, indicating the therapeutic potential of PIM kinases as potential druggable targets in many types of human cancers. More recently, several pharmacological small-molecule inhibitors have been preclinically and clinically evaluated and showed their therapeutic potential; however, none of them has been approved for clinical application so far. Thus, in this perspective, we focus on summarizing the oncogenic roles of PIM kinases, key signaling network, and pharmacological small-molecule inhibitors, which will provide a new clue on discovering more candidate antitumor drugs targeting PIM kinases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yushang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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11
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Chen L, Mao W, Ren C, Li J, Zhang J. Comprehensive Insights that Targeting PIM for Cancer Therapy: Prospects and Obstacles. J Med Chem 2024; 67:38-64. [PMID: 38164076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Proviral integration sitea for Moloney-murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases are a family of highly conserved serine/tyrosine kinases consisting of three members, PIM-1, PIM-2, and PIM-3. These kinases regulate a wide range of substrates through phosphorylation and affect key cellular processes such as transcription, translation, proliferation, apoptosis, and energy metabolism. Several PIM inhibitors are currently undergoing clinical trials, such as a phase I clinical trial of Uzanserti (5) for the treatment of relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that has been completed. The current focus encompasses the structural and biological characterization of PIM, ongoing research progress on small-molecule inhibitors undergoing clinical trials, and evaluation analysis of persisting challenges in this field. Additionally, the design and discovery of small-molecule inhibitors targeting PIM in recent years have been explored, with a particular emphasis on medicinal chemistry, aiming to provide valuable insights for the future development of PIM inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and Institute of Respiratory Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Wuyu Mao
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and Institute of Respiratory Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Changyu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinqi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and Institute of Respiratory Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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12
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Shaban S, Eltamany EH, Boraei ATA, Nafie MS, Gad EM. Design and Synthesis of Novel Pyridine-Based Compounds as Potential PIM-1 Kinase Inhibitors, Apoptosis, and Autophagy Inducers Targeting MCF-7 Cell Lines: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:46922-46933. [PMID: 38107909 PMCID: PMC10720030 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
2-((3-Cyano-4,6-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)oxy)acetohydrazide 1 was used as the precursor for the synthesis of 5-thioxo-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methoxy)nicotinonitrile 2. The latter was alkylated with different alkylating agents to produce the S-alkylated products 3-6. Galactosylation of 5-thioxo-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methoxy)nicotinonitrile 2 produces a mixture of S- and N-galactosides 8 and 9. The hydrazide 1 is converted to azide 10, coupled with glycine methyl ester hydrochloride and a set of amines to produce the target coupled amides 11-15. New compounds were assigned using NMR and elemental analysis. Compound 12 had potent cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 0.5 and 5.27 μM against MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines compared with doxorubicin, which displayed the following IC50: 2.14 and 2.48 μM for the mentioned cell lines, respectively. Regarding the molecular target, compound 12 exhibited potent PIM-1 inhibition activity with 97.5% with an IC50 value of 14.3 nM compared to Staurosporine (96.8%, IC50 = 16.7 nM). Moreover, compound 12 significantly activated apoptotic cell death in MCF-7 cells, increasing the cell population by total apoptosis by 33.43% (23.18% for early apoptosis and 10.25% for late apoptosis) compared to the untreated control group (0.64%), and arresting the cell cycle at S-phase by 36.02% compared to control 29.12%. Besides, compound 12 caused tumor inhibition by 42.1% in solid tumors in the SEC-bearing mice. Results disclosed that compound 12 significantly impeded cell migration and cell proliferation by interfering with PIM-1 enzymatic activity via considerable apoptosis-induction, which made it an attractive lead compound for the development of chemotherapeutics to treat breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrouk
M. Shaban
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal
University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Elsayed H. Eltamany
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal
University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ahmed T. A. Boraei
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal
University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal
University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University
of Sharjah, (P.O. Box 27272), Sharjah 27272, United Arab
Emirates
| | - Emad M. Gad
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal
University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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13
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Khodair AI, Alzahrani FM, Awad MK, Al-Issa SA, Al-Hazmi GH, Nafie MS. Design, synthesis, molecular modelling and antitumor evaluation of S-glucosylated rhodanines through topo II inhibition and DNA intercalation. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2163996. [PMID: 36629439 PMCID: PMC9848385 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2163996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, 5-arylidene rhodanine derivatives 3a-f, N-glucosylation rhodanine 6, S-glucosylation rhodanine 7, N-glucoside rhodanine 8 and S-glucosylation 5-arylidene rhodanines 13a-c were synthesised and screened for cytotoxicity against a panel of cancer cells with investigating the effective molecular target and mechanistic cell death. The anomers were separated by flash column chromatography and their configurations were assigned by NMR spectroscopy. The stable structures of the compounds under study were modelled on a molecular level, and DFT calculations were carried out at the B3LYP/6-31 + G (d,p) level to examine their electronic and geometric features. A good correlation between the quantum chemical descriptors and experimental observations was found. Interestingly, compound 6 induced potent cytotoxicity against MCF-7, HepG2 and A549 cells, with IC50 values of 11.7, 0.21, and 1.7 µM, compared to Dox 7.67, 8.28, and 6.62 µM, respectively. For the molecular target, compound 6 exhibited topoisomerase II inhibition and DNA intercalation with IC50 values of 6.9 and 19.6 µM, respectively compared to Dox (IC50 = 9.65 and 31.27 µM). Additionally, compound 6 treatmnet significantly activated apoptotic cell death in HepG2 cells by 80.7-fold, it induced total apoptosis by 34.73% (23.07% for early apoptosis, 11.66% for late apoptosis) compared to the untreated control group (0.43%) arresting the cell population at the S-phase by 49.6% compared to control 39.15%. Finally, compound 6 upregulated the apoptosis-related genes, while it inhibted the Bcl-2 expression. Hence, glucosylated rhodanines may serve as a promising drug candidates against cancer with promising topoisomerase II and DNA intercalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I. Khodair
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt,CONTACT Ahmed I. Khodair Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh33516, Egypt
| | - Fatimah M. Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed K. Awad
- Theoretical Applied Chemistry Unit (TACU), Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Siham A. Al-Issa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaferah H. Al-Hazmi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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14
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Salem M, Mahrous EM, Ragab EA, Nafie MS, Dawood KM. Synthesis and Anti-Breast Cancer Potency of Mono- and Bis-(pyrazolyl[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4- b][1,3,4]thiadiazine) Derivatives as EGFR/CDK-2 Target Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:35359-35369. [PMID: 37779952 PMCID: PMC10536063 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The target mono- and bis-(6-pyrazolyltriazolo-thiadiazine) derivatives 4a-c and 6a-d were synthesized using a straightforward protocol via reaction of 3-bromoacetylpyrazole 2 with 4-amino-s-triazole-3-thiols 3a-c and bis(4-amino-5-mercapto-s-triazol-3-yl)alkanes 5a-d, respectively. The bis(6-pyrazolyl-s-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine) derivatives 8a,b and 10 were also constructed by reaction of the triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine-3-thiol 4c with the proper dibromo compounds 7a,b and 9, respectively. Structures of the new substances were determined by spectroscopic and analytical data. Compounds 4b, 4c, and 6a showed potent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (IC50 = 3.16, 2.74, and 0.39 μM, respectively) and were safe against the MCF-10A cells. Compounds 4b, 4c, and 6a also showed promising dual EGFR and CDK-2 inhibition activities, particularly 6a was the most effective (IC50 = 19.6 and 87.9 nM, respectively), better than Erlotinib and Roscovitine. Compound 6a treatment induced EGFR and CDK-2 enzyme inhibition by 97.18% and 94.11%, respectively, at 10 μM (the highest concentration). Compound 6a notably induced cell apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, increasing the cell population by total apoptosis 43.3% compared to 1.29% for the untreated control group, increasing the cell population at the S-phase by 39.2% compared to 18.6% (control).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa
E. Salem
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad
Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esraa M. Mahrous
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Eman A. Ragab
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Chemistry
Department, College of Sciences, University
of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah 27272, United Arab
Emirates
- Department
of Chemistry (Biochemistry Program), Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Kamal M. Dawood
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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15
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Taruneshwar Jha K, Shome A, Chahat, Chawla PA. Recent advances in nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds as receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of cancer: Biological activity and structural activity relationship. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106680. [PMID: 37336103 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Erratic cell proliferation is the initial symptom of cancer, which can eventually metastasize to other organs. Before cancer becomes metastatic, its spread is triggered by pro-angiogenic factors including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and Platelet Factor (PF4), all of which are part of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are cell-surface proteins and aresignaling enzymes that transfer ATP-phosphate to tyrosine residue substrates. Important biological processes like proliferation, differentiation, motility, and cell-cycle regulation are all possessedby these proteins. Unusual RTK expression is typically associated with cell growth abnormalities, which is linked to tumor acquisition, angiogenesis, and cancer progression. In addition to the already available medications, numerous other heterocyclic are being studied for their potential action against a variety of cancers. In the fight against cancer, in particular, these heterocycles have been used for their dynamic core scaffold and their inherent adaptability. In this review article, we have compiled last five years research work including nitrogen containing heterocycles that have targeted RTK. Herein, the SAR and activity of various compounds containing diverse heterocyclic (pyrimidine, indole, pyridine, pyrazole, benzimidazole, and pyrrole) scaffolds are discussed, and they may prove useful in the future for designing new leads against RTKs. Our focus in this manuscript is to comprehensively review the latest research on the biological activity and structural activity relationship of nitrogen compounds as RTK inhibitors. We believe that this may be an important contribution to the field, as it can help guide future research efforts and facilitate the development of more effective cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshav Taruneshwar Jha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Abhimannu Shome
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Chahat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Pooja A Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India.
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16
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Ezzat MAF, Elmasry GF, El-Mageed MMAA, Fouad MA, Abdel-Aziz HA, Elewa SI. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of furan-bearing pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines as novel inhibitors of CDK2 and P53-MDM2 protein-protein interaction. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:1183-1203. [PMID: 37191966 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The novel series of furan-bearing pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines were designed as cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) inhibitors and as p53-murine double minute 2 (MDM2) inhibitors. The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antiproliferative activity toward hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and breast cancer (MCF7) cell lines. The most active compounds on both cell lines were additionally evaluated for their in vitro CDK2 inhibitory activity. Compounds 7b and 12f displayed enhanced activity (half-maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50 ] = 0.46 and 0.27 µM, respectively) in comparison to the standard roscovitine (IC50 = 1.41 ± 0.03 µM), in addition to, cell cycle arrest at S phase and G1/S transition phase in MCF7 cells treated with both compounds, respectively. Moreover, the most active spiro-oxindole derivative against MCF7 cell line, 16a, exhibited enhanced inhibitory activity against p53-MDM2 interaction in vitro (IC50 = 3.09 ± 0.12 µM) compared to nutlin, and increased the levels of both p53 and p21 by nearly fourfold in comparison to the negative control. Molecular docking studies demonstrated the plausible interaction patterns of the most potent derivatives 17b and 12f in the CDK2 binding pocket and the spiro-oxindole 16a with p53-MDM2 complex, respectively. Consequently, the new chemotypes 7b, 12f, and 16a can be presented as promising antitumor hits for further studies and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ghada F Elmasry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Marwa A Fouad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, NewGiza University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Safaa I Elewa
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Women's for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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17
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Soliman DH, Nafie MS. Design, synthesis, and docking studies of novel pyrazole-based scaffolds and their evaluation as VEGFR2 inhibitors in the treatment of prostate cancer. RSC Adv 2023; 13:20443-20456. [PMID: 37435371 PMCID: PMC10331375 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02579a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Since VEGFR-2 plays a crucial role in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis, it is a prospective target for cancer treatment. In this work, a series of 3-phenyl-4-(2-substituted phenylhydrazono)-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-ones (3a-l) were synthesized and investigated for their cytotoxicity against the PC-3 human cancer cell line compared to Doxorubicin and Sorafenib as reference drugs. Two compounds 3a and 3i showed comparable cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of 1.22 and 1.24 μM compared to the reference drugs (IC50 = 0.932, 1.13 μM). Compound 3i was found to be the most effective VEGFR-2 inhibitor using in vitro testing of the synthesized compounds, with nearly 3-fold higher activity than Sorafenib (30 nM), with IC50 8.93 nM. Compound 3i significantly stimulated total apoptotic prostate cancer cell death 55.2-fold (34.26% compared to 0.62% for the control) arresting the cell cycle at the S-phase. The genes involved in apoptosis were also impacted, with proapoptotic genes being upregulated and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 being downregulated. These results were supported by docking studies of these two compounds within the active site of the VEGFR2 enzyme. Finally, in vivo, the study revealed the potentiality of compound 3i to inhibit tumor proliferation by 49.8% reducing the tumor weight from 234.6 mg in untreated mice to 83.2 mg. Therefore, 3i could be a promising anti-prostate cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia H Soliman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University Badr City Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry Program), Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University Ismailia 41522 Egypt
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18
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Mohammed SM, Shehab WS, Emwas AHM, Jaremko M, Abdellattif MH, Zordok WA, Tantawy ES. Eco-Friendly Synthesis of 1 H-benzo[ d]imidazole Derivatives by ZnO NPs Characterization, DFT Studies, Antioxidant and Insilico Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:969. [PMID: 37513881 PMCID: PMC10385378 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzimidazoles are classified as a category of heterocyclic compounds. Molecules having benzimidazole motifs show promising utility in organic and scientific studies. A series of mono-substituted benzimidazoles were synthesized by ZnO-NPs via cyclocondensation between substituted aromatic aldehydes and o-phenylene diamine. The synthesized compounds were characterized and compared with the traditional methods. The nano-catalyzed method displayed a higher yield, shorter time and recyclable catalyst. The DFT study and antioxidant activity were investigated for benzo[d]imidazole derivatives. Compound 2a exhibited the highest antioxidant activity among the tested compounds. We focused on the catalytic activity of ZnO in the synthesis of heterocyclic structures with the goal of stimulating further progress in this field. The superiorities of this procedure are high yield of product, low amounts of catalyst and short reaction time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar M Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Wesam S Shehab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Abdul-Hamid M Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magda H Abdellattif
- Department of Chemistry, Sciences College, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael A Zordok
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Eman S Tantawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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19
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Salem ME, Mahrous EM, Ragab EA, Nafie MS, Dawood KM. Synthesis of novel mono- and bis-pyrazolylthiazole derivatives as anti-liver cancer agents through EGFR/HER2 target inhibition. BMC Chem 2023; 17:51. [PMID: 37291635 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-023-00921-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
3-Bromoacetyl-4-(2-naphthoyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole (6) was synthesized from 2-acetylnaphthalene and was used as a new key building block for constructing the title targets. Thus, the reaction of 6 with the thiosemicarbazones 7a-d and 9-11 afforded the corresponding simple naphthoyl-(3-pyrazolyl)thiazole hybrids 8a-d and 12 ~ 14. The symmetric bis-(2-naphthoyl-pyrazol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)hydrazono)methyl)phenoxy)alkanes 18a-c and 21a-c were similarly synthesized from reaction of 6 with the appropriate bis-thiosemicarbazones 17a-c and 19a-c, respectively. The synthesized two series of simple and symmetrical bis-molecular hybrid merging naphthalene, thiazole, and pyrazole were evaluated for their cytotoxicity. Compounds 18b,c and 21a showed the most potent cytotoxicity (IC50 = 0.97-3.57 µM) compared to Lapatinib (IC50 = 7.45 µM). Additionally, they were safe (non-cytotoxic) against the THLE2 cells with higher IC50 values. Compounds 18c exhibited promising EGFR and HER-2 inhibitory activities with IC50 = 4.98 and 9.85 nM, respectively, compared to Lapatinib (IC50 = 6.1 and 17.2 nM). Apoptosis investigation revealed that 18c significantly activated apoptotic cell death in HepG2 cells, increasing the death rate by 63.6-fold and arresting cell proliferation at the S-phase. Compound 18c upregulated P53 by 8.6-fold, Bax by 8.9-fold, caspase-3,8,9 by 9, 2.3, and 7.6-fold, while it inhibited the Bcl-2 expression by 0.34-fold. Thereby, compound 18c exhibited promising cytotoxicity against EGFR/HER2 inhibition against liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa E Salem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Esraa M Mahrous
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Eman A Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry program), Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Kamal M Dawood
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
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20
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Mansour B, Salem YA, Attallah KM, El-kawy OA, Ibrahim IT, Abdel-Aziz NI. Cyanopyridinone- and Cyanopyridine-Based Cancer Cell Pim-1 Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Radiolabeling, Biodistribution, and Molecular Modeling Simulation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:19351-19366. [PMID: 37305261 PMCID: PMC10249106 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two new series of 3-cyanopyridinones (3a-e) and 3-cyanopyridines (4a-e) were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicity and Pim-1 kinase inhibitory activity adopting 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and in vitro Pim-1 kinase inhibition assay, respectively. Most of the tested compounds revealed promising cytotoxicity against HepG-2, HCT-116, MCF-7, and PC-3 cell lines. Among them, compounds 4c and 4d showed more potent cytotoxicity against the HePG2 cell line with IC50 = 8.02 ± 0.38 and 6.95 ± 0.34 μM, respectively, than that of the reference 5-FU (IC50 = 9.42 ± 0.46 μM). Moreover, compound 4c was more potent against HCT-116 (IC50 = 7.15 ± 0.35 μM) than 5-FU (IC50 = 8.01 ± 0.39 μM), while compound 4d with IC50 = 8.35 ± 0.42 μM displayed comparable activity to that of the reference drug. Furthermore, high cytotoxic activity was manifested by compounds 4c and 4d against MCF-7 and PC3 cell lines. Our results have also indicated that compounds 4b, 4c, and 4d elicited remarkable inhibition of Pim-1 kinase; 4b and 4c showed equipotent inhibitory activity to that of the reference quercetagetin. Meanwhile, 4d displayed IC50 = 0.46 ± 0.02 μM, showed the best inhibitory activity among the tested compounds, and was more potent than quercetagetin (IC50 = 0.56 ± 0.03 μM). For optimization of the results, docking study of the most potent compounds 4c and 4d in the Pim-1 kinase active site was carried out and compared with both quercetagetin and the reported Pim-1 inhibitor A (VRV), and the results were consistent with those of the biological study. Consequently, compounds 4c and 4d are worthy of further investigations toward the discovery of Pim-1 kinase inhibitors as drug candidates for cancer therapy. Compound 4b was successfully radiolabeled with radioiodine-131, and its biodistribution in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC)-bearing mice showed more observable uptake in tumor sites, and hence, it can be introduced as a new radiolabeled agent for tumor imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basem Mansour
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Yomna A. Salem
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University − Kantara Branch, Ismailia 41636, Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Attallah
- Labeled
Compound Department, Hot Lab Center, Egyptian
Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 13759, Egypt
| | - O. A. El-kawy
- Labeled
Compound Department, Hot Lab Center, Egyptian
Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 13759, Egypt
| | - Ismail T. Ibrahim
- Labeled
Compound Department, Hot Lab Center, Egyptian
Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 13759, Egypt
| | - Naglaa I. Abdel-Aziz
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Dakahlia, Egypt
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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21
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Abdelshaheed MM, El Subbagh HI, Tantawy MA, Attia RT, Youssef KM, Fawzy IM. Discovery of new pyridine heterocyclic hybrids; design, synthesis, dynamic simulations, and in vitro and in vivo breast cancer biological assays. RSC Adv 2023; 13:15689-15703. [PMID: 37235111 PMCID: PMC10206482 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02875e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyridine is a nitrogen bearing heterocyclic scaffold that shows a wide range of biological activities. The pyridine nucleus has become an interesting target for medicinal chemistry researchers worldwide. Several pyridine derivatives exhibited good anticancer effects against diverse cell lines. Therefore, to explore new anticancer pyridine entities, novel pyridine derivatives were designed and synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer abilities in vitro and in vivo. All of the target compounds were evaluated against three different human cancer cell lines (Huh-7, A549 and MCF-7) via MTT assay. Most of the compounds exhibited significant cytotoxic activities. Compounds 3a, 3b, 5a and 5b showed superior antiproliferative activities to Taxol. Where, compound 3b showed IC50 values of 6.54, 15.54 and 6.13 μM compared to Taxol (6.68, 38.05, 12.32 μM) against Huh-7, A549 and MCF-7, respectively. Also, tubulin polymerization assay was carried out. The most potent compounds 3a, 3b, 5a and 5b could significantly inhibit tubulin polymerization with IC50 values of 15.6, 4.03, 6.06 and 12.61 μM, respectively. Compound 3b exhibited the highest tubulin polymerization inhibitory effect with an IC50 value of 4.03 μM compared to combretastatin (A-4) (1.64 μM). Molecular modeling studies of the designed compounds confirmed that most of the compounds made the essential binding interactions compared to the reference compound which assisted in the prediction of the structure requirements for the detected anticancer activity. Finally, in vivo studies showed that compound 3b could significantly inhibit breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menna M Abdelshaheed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University in Egypt New Damietta Egypt
| | - Hussein I El Subbagh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University P.O. Box 35516 Mansoura Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Tantawy
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre Dokki Giza Egypt
- Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre Dokki Cairo Egypt
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, CORTS, Penn State University, College of Medicine 500 University Drive Hershey PA 17033-0850 USA
| | - Reem T Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt 11835 Cairo Egypt
| | - Khairia M Youssef
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt 11835 Cairo Egypt +201006064161
| | - Iten M Fawzy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt 11835 Cairo Egypt +201006064161
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22
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Alamshany ZM, Algamdi EM, Othman IMM, Anwar MM, Nossier ES. New pyrazolopyridine and pyrazolothiazole-based compounds as anti-proliferative agents targeting c-Met kinase inhibition: design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and computational studies. RSC Adv 2023; 13:12889-12905. [PMID: 37114032 PMCID: PMC10128108 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01931d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
c-Met tyrosine kinase plays a key role in the oncogenic process. Inhibition of the c-Met has emerged as an attractive target for human cancer treatment. This work deals with the design and synthesis of a new set of derivatives bearing pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine, pyrazolo[3,4-b]thieno[3,2-e]pyridine, and pyrazolo[3,4-d]thiazole-5-thione scaffolds, 5a,b, 8a-f, and 10a,b, respectively, utilizing 3-methyl-1-tosyl-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-one (1) as a key starting material. All the new compounds were evaluated as antiproliferative agents against HepG-2, MCF-7, and HCT-116 human cancer cell lines utilizing 5-fluorouracil and erlotinib as two standard drugs. Compounds 5a,b and 10a,b represented the most promising cytotoxic activity of IC50 values ranging from 3.42 ± 1.31 to 17.16 ± 0.37 μM. Both 5a and 5b showed the most cytotoxicity and selectivity toward HepG-2, with IC50 values of 3.42 ± 1.31 μM and 3.56 ± 1.5 μM, respectively. The enzyme assay demonstrated that 5a and 5b had inhibition potency on c-Met with IC50 values in nanomolar range of 4.27 ± 0.31 and 7.95 ± 0.17 nM, respectively in comparison with the reference drug cabozantinib (IC50; 5.38 ± 0.35 nM). The impact of 5a on the cell cycle and apoptosis induction potential in HepG-2 and on the apoptotic parameters; Bax, Bcl-2, p53, and caspase-3 was also investigated. Finally, the molecular docking simulation of the most promising derivatives 5a and 5b was screened against c-Met to investigate the binding patterns of both compounds in the active site of the c-Met enzyme. In silico ADME studies were also performed for 5a and 5b to predict their physicochemical and pharmacokinetic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra M Alamshany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University P.O. Box 42805 Jeddah 21551 Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman M Algamdi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University P.O. Box 42805 Jeddah 21551 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail M M Othman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University Assiut 71524 Egypt
| | - Manal M Anwar
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre Dokki Cairo 12622 Egypt
| | - Eman S Nossier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University Cairo 11754 Egypt
- The National Committee of Drugs, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology Cairo 11516 Egypt
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23
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Khodair AI, Alzahrani FM, Awad MK, Al-Issa SA, Al-Hazmi GH, Nafie MS. Design, Synthesis, Computational Investigations, and Antitumor Evaluation of N-Rhodanine Glycosides Derivatives as Potent DNA Intercalation and Topo II Inhibition against Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:13300-13314. [PMID: 37065038 PMCID: PMC10099454 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen and sulfur glycosylation was carried out via the reaction of rhodanine (1) with α-acetobromoglucose 3 under basic conditions. Deacetylation of the protected nitrogen nucleoside 4 was performed with CH3ONa in CH3OH without cleavage of the rhodanine ring to afford the deprotected nitrogen nucleoside 6. Further, deacetylation of the protected sulfur nucleoside 5 was performed with CH3ONa in CH3OH with the cleavage of the rhodanine ring to give the hydrolysis product 7. The protected nitrogen nucleosides 11a-f were produced by condensing the protected nitrogen nucleoside 4 with the aromatic aldehydes 10a-f in C2H5OH while using morpholine as a secondary amine catalyst. Deacetylation of the protected nitrogen nucleosides 11a-f was performed with NaOCH3/CH3OH without cleavage of the rhodanine ring to afford the deprotected nitrogen nucleosides 12a-f. NMR spectroscopy was used to designate the anomers' configurations. To examine the electrical and geometric properties derived from the stable structure of the examined compounds, molecular modeling and DFT calculations using the B3LYP/6-31+G (d,p) level were carried out. The quantum chemical descriptors and experimental findings showed a strong connection. The IC50 values for most compounds were very encouraging when evaluated against MCF-7, HepG2, and A549 cancer cells. Interestingly, IC50 values for 11a, 12b, and 12f were much lower than those for Doxorubicin (7.67, 8.28, 6.62 μM): (3.7, 8.2, 9.8 μM), (3.1, 13.7, 21.8 μM), and (7.17, 2.2, 4.5 μM), respectively. Against Topo II inhibition and DNA intercalation, when compared to Dox (IC50 = 9.65 and 31.27 μM), compound 12f showed IC50 values of 7.3 and 18.2 μM, respectively. In addition, compound 12f induced a 65.6-fold increase in the rate of apoptotic cell death in HepG2 cells, with the cell cycle being arrested in the G2/M phase as a result. Additionally, it upregulated the apoptosis-mediated genes of P53, Bax, and caspase-3,8,9 by 9.53, 8.9, 4.16, 1.13, and 8.4-fold change, while it downregulated the Bcl-2 expression by 0.13-fold. Therefore, glucosylated Rhodanines may be useful as potential therapeutic candidates against cancer because of their topoisomerase II and DNA intercalation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I. Khodair
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh
University, 33516 Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Fatimah M. Alzahrani
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed K. Awad
- Theoretical
Applied Chemistry Unit (TACU), Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 6632110 Tanta, Egypt
| | - Siham A. Al-Issa
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaferah H. Al-Hazmi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Chemistry
Department (Biochemistry program), Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
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24
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Castanet AS, Nafie MS, Said SA, Arafa RK. Discovery of PIM-1 kinase inhibitors based on the 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole scaffold against prostate cancer: Design, synthesis, in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity investigation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 250:115220. [PMID: 36848846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
PIM-1 kinases play an established role in prostate cancer development and progression. This research work tackles the design and synthesis of new PIM-1 kinase targeting 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles 10a-g&11a-f, and investigation thereof as potential anti-cancer agents through in vitro cytotoxicity assay followed by in vivo studies along with exploration of this chemotype's plausible mechanism of action. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments have disclosed 10f as the most potent derivative against PC-3 cells (IC50 = 16 nM) compared to the reference drug Staurosporine (IC50 = 0.36 μM), also eliciting good cytotoxicity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cells (IC50 = 0.13 and 5.37 μM, respectively). Investigating PIM-1 kinase inhibitory activity of compound 10f revealed an IC50 of 17 nM paralleled to that of Staurosporine (IC50 = 16.7 nM). Furthermore, compound 10f displayed an antioxidant activity eliciting a DPPH inhibition ratio of 94% as compared to Trolox (96%). Further investigation demonstrated that 10f induced apoptosis in treated PC-3 cells by 43.2-fold (19.44%) compared to 0.45% in control. 10f also disrupted the PC-3 cell cycle by increasing the cell population at the PreG1-phase by 19.29-fold while decreasing the G2/M-phase by 0.56-fold compared to control. Moreover, 10f affected a downregulation of JAK2, STAT3 and Bcl-2 and upregulation of caspases 3, 8 and 9 levels that activated the caspase-dependent apoptosis. Finally, in vivo 10f-treatment caused a significant increase in tumor inhibition by 64.2% compared to 44.5% in Staurosporine treatment of the PC-3 xenograft mouse model. Additionally, it improved the hematological, biochemical parameters, and histopathological examinations compared to control untreated animals. Finally, docking of 10f with the ATP-binding site of PIM-1 kinase demonstrated good recognition of and effective binding to the active site. In conclusion, compound 10f represents a promising lead compound that merits further future optimization for controlling prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Castanet
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans, IMMM-UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, LE MANS CEDEX 9, France
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Chemistry Department (Biochemistry program), Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Sara A Said
- Drug Design and Discovery Lab, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, 12578, Egypt; Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, 12578, Egypt
| | - Reem K Arafa
- Drug Design and Discovery Lab, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, 12578, Egypt; Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, 12578, Egypt.
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25
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Hamdy NA, El Sayed MT, Hussein HAR, Mounier MM, Anwar MM. Synthesis of novel heterocyclic compounds bearing tetralin moiety of potential anticancer activity targeting the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2023.2172348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nehal A. Hamdy
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mardia T. El Sayed
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hoda A. R. Hussein
- Photochemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. Mounier
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal M. Anwar
- Therapeutical Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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26
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Tawfik MM, Galal B, Nafie MS, El Bous MM, El-Bana MI. Cytotoxic, apoptotic activities and chemical profiling of dimorphic forms of Egyptian halophyte Cakile maritima scop. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:147-160. [PMID: 34854366 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2004231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cakile maritima ssp. aegyptiaca (Wild.) Nyman is growing with dimorphic leaf forms (entire or pinnatifid lamina) along the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. The cytotoxic activities of dried shoot systems of the two morphological forms were evaluated by testing and comparing the effects of ethanolic and aqueous extracts on the viability of five human cell lines. GC-MS analysis was performed to identify the bioactive and anticancer compounds present in the most active extracts. MTT assay indicated that both aqueous and ethanolic extracts have selective cytotoxic activities against cancer cell lines with no inhibitory activities against normal Wi38 or Vero cell lines. The underlying mechanism of cytotoxicity involved the induction of G2/M phase arrest in targeted cells MCF-7 and HCT-116 associated with inducing apoptosis in both cell lines, as indicated by Annexin-V assay. Apoptosis investigation in MCF-7 and HCT-116 cells treated with ethanolic extracts, was further investigated through RT-PCR, which exhibited elevation of proapoptotic genes of P53, BAX, Capase-3,6,7,8,9, and downregulation of antiapoptotic gene (BCL-2) upon treatment. The GC-MS analysis of ethanolic extracts of pinnatifid and entire forms revealed the existence of 18 and 13 compounds, respectively, with eleven compounds that were detected in pinnatifid form only and seven compounds were identified exclusively in the entire form. Molecular Docking study revealed that the identified compounds exhibited good binding affinity towards BCL-2 inhibition, and this agreed with the suggested apoptotic mechanism. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first scientific evidence underline the variability in the chemical composition associated with variable anticancer activities of dimorphic forms of C. maritima.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Tawfik
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Bassant Galal
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mona M El Bous
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Magdy I El-Bana
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
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27
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Abdelhameed RFA, Habib ES, Ibrahim AK, Yamada K, Abdel-Kader MS, Ibrahim AK, Ahmed SA, Badr JM, Nafie MS. Chemical profiling, cytotoxic activities through apoptosis induction in MCF-7 cells and molecular docking of Phyllostachys heterocycla bark nonpolar extract. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:9636-9647. [PMID: 34074230 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1932599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The chemical constituents of the nonpolar fractions of the bamboo shoot skin Phyllostachys heterocycla were extensively studied. The phytochemical study was divided into two parts: the first deals with isolation of the chemical constituents using different chromatographic techniques that resulted in isolation of four compounds. The chemical structures of the pure isolated compounds were elucidated using different spectroscopic data. The second part deals with identification of the rest of the constituents using the GC technique. Additionally, both crude extract and the pure isolated compounds were investigated for cytotoxic activity. One of the isolated compounds; namely glyceryl 1-monopalmitate showed highly promising effect against the MCF-7 cells with (IC50 = 19.78 µM) compared to 5-FU (26.98 µM), and it remarkably stimulated apoptotic breast cancer cell death with 31.6-fold (16.13% compared to 0.51 for the control) at pre-G1 and G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest and blocked the progression of MCF-7 cells. Moreover, the identified compounds especially 1 were found to have high binding affinity towards both TPK and VEGFR-2 through the molecular docking studies which highlight its mode of action. HighlightsChemical profiling of Phyllostachys heterocycla bark nonpolar extract was fully identified.Glyceryl 1-monopalmitate showed highly promising effect against the MCF-7 cells with (IC50 = 19.78 µM) compared to 5-FU (26.98 µM).Glyceryl 1-monopalmitate significantly stimulated apoptotic breast cancer cell death with 31.6-fold by arresting cell cycle at G2/M and preG1 phases.Molecular docking simulation showed good binding affinities towards TPK and VEGFR-2 proteins.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda F A Abdelhameed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Eman S Habib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed K Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Koji Yamada
- Garden for Medicinal Plants, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Maged S Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany K Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Safwat A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Jihan M Badr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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28
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Youssef M, Nafie MS, Salama EE, Boraei AT, Gad EM. Synthesis of New Bioactive Indolyl-1,2,4-Triazole Hybrids As Dual Inhibitors for EGFR/PARP-1 Targeting Breast and Liver Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:45665-45677. [PMID: 36530255 PMCID: PMC9753112 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the most severe disease worldwide. Every year, tens of millions of people are diagnosed with cancer, and over half of those people will ultimately die from the disease. Hence, the discovery of new inhibitors for fighting cancer is necessary. As a result, new indolyl-triazole hybrids were synthesized to target breast and liver cancer cells. The synthetic strategy involves glycosylation of the 4-aryltriazolethiones 3a-b with acetyl-protected α-halosugars in the presence of K2CO3 in acetone to give a mixture of β-S-glycosides 6a-b, 7a-b, and β-N-glycosides 8a-b, 9a-b. Chemo-selective S-glycosylation was achieved using NaHCO3 in ethanol. The migration of glycosyl moiety from sulfur to nitrogen (S → N glycosylmigration) was achieved thermally without any catalyst. Alkylation of the triazole-thiones with 2-bromoethanol and 1-bromopropan-2-ol in the presence of K2CO3 yielded the corresponding S-alkylated products. The synthesized compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity using an MTT assay and for apoptosis induction targeting PARP-1 and EGFR. Compounds 12b, 13a, and 13b exhibited cytotoxic activities with promising IC50 values of 2.67, 6.21, 1.07 μM against MCF-7 cells and 3.21, 8.91, 0.32 μM against HepG2 cells compared to Erlotinib (IC50 = 2.51, 2.91 μM, respectively) as reference drug. Interestingly, compounds 13b induced apoptosis in MCf-7 and HepG2 cells, arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M and S phases, respectively. Additionally, the dual enzyme inhibition seen in compound 13b against EGFR and PARP-1 is encouraging, with IC50 values of 62.4 nM compared to Erlotinib (80 nM) and 1.24 nM compared to Olaparib (1.49 nM), respectively. The anticancer activity was finally validated using an in vivo SEC-cancer model; compound 13b improved both hematological and biochemical analyses inhibiting tumor proliferation by 66.7% compared to Erlotinib's 65.7%. So, compound 13b may serve as a promising anticancer activity through dual PARP-1/EGFR target inhibition.
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29
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Gomaa MS, Ali IAI, El Enany G, El Ashry ESH, El Rayes SM, Fathalla W, Ahmed AHA, Abubshait SA, Abubshait HA, Nafie MS. Facile Synthesis of Some Coumarin Derivatives and Their Cytotoxicity through VEGFR2 and Topoisomerase II Inhibition. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238279. [PMID: 36500372 PMCID: PMC9737644 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel semisynthetic coumarin derivatives were synthesized to be developed as chemotherapeutic anticancer agents through topoisomerase II, VEGFR2 inhibition that leads to apoptotic cancer cell death. The coumarin amino acids and dipeptides derivatives were prepared by the reaction of coumarin-3-carboxylic acid with amino acid methyl esters following the N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) method and 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole (HOBt), as coupling reagents. The synthesized compounds were screened towards VEGFR2, and topoisomerase IIα proteins to highlight their binding affinities and virtual mechanism of binding. Interestingly, compounds 4k (Tyr) and 6c (β-Ala-L-Met) shared the activity towards the three proteins by forming the same interactions with the key amino acids, such as the co-crystallized ligands. Both compounds 4k and 6c exhibited potent cytotoxic activities against MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 4.98 and 5.85 µM, respectively causing cell death by 97.82 and 97.35%, respectively. Validating the molecular docking studies, both compounds demonstrated promising VEGFR-2 inhibition with IC50 values of 23.6 and 34.2 µM, compared to Sorafenib (30 µM) and topoisomerase-II inhibition with IC50 values of 4.1 and 8.6 µM compared to Doxorubicin (9.65 µM). Hence, these two promising compounds could be further tested as effective and selective target-oriented active agents against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Gomaa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A. I. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Gaber El Enany
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Arts in Uglat Asugour, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi Arabia
- Scientific Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
| | - El Sayed H. El Ashry
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Samir M. El Rayes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: or
| | - Walid Fathalla
- Scientific Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
| | - Abdulghany H. A. Ahmed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Medicinal Science, University of Science and Technology, Aden 15201, Yemen
| | - Samar A. Abubshait
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haya A. Abubshait
- Basic Science Department, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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30
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Shawish I, Nafie MS, Barakat A, Aldalbahi A, Al-Rasheed HH, Ali M, Alshaer W, Al Zoubi M, Al Ayoubi S, De la Torre BG, Albericio F, El-Faham A. Pyrazolyl-s-triazine with indole motif as a novel of epidermal growth factor receptor/cyclin-dependent kinase 2 dual inhibitors. Front Chem 2022; 10:1078163. [PMID: 36505739 PMCID: PMC9732672 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1078163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of pyrazolyl-s-triazine compounds with an indole motif was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for anticancer activity targeting dual EGFR and CDK-2 inhibitors. The compounds were tested for cytotoxicity using the MTT assay. Compounds 3h, 3i, and 3j showed promising cytotoxic activity against two cancer cell lines, namely A549, MCF-7, and HDFs (non-cancerous human dermal fibroblasts). Compound 3j was the most active candidate against A549, with an IC50 of 2.32 ± 0.21 μM. Compounds 3h and 3i were found to be the most active hybrids against MCF-7 and HDFs, with an IC50 of 2.66 ± 0.26 μM and 3.78 ± 0.55 μM, respectively. Interestingly, 3i showed potent EGFR inhibition, with an IC50 of 34.1 nM compared to Erlotinib (IC50 = 67.3 nM). At 10 μM, this candidate caused 93.6% and 91.4% of EGFR and CDK-2 inhibition, respectively. Furthermore, 3i enhanced total lung cancer cell apoptosis 71.6-fold (43.7% compared to 0.61% for the control). Given the potent cytotoxicity exerted by 3i through apoptosis-mediated activity, this compound emerges as a promising target-oriented anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihab Shawish
- Department of Math and Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismaïlia, Egypt
| | - Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Assem Barakat, ; Fernando Albericio, ; Ayman El-Faham,
| | - Ali Aldalbahi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hessa H. Al-Rasheed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walhan Alshaer
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mazhar Al Zoubi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Samha Al Ayoubi
- Department of Math and Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Beatriz G. De la Torre
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP) School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa,Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa,CIBER-BBN (Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine) and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,*Correspondence: Assem Barakat, ; Fernando Albericio, ; Ayman El-Faham,
| | - Ayman El-Faham
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt,*Correspondence: Assem Barakat, ; Fernando Albericio, ; Ayman El-Faham,
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31
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Polo-Cuadrado E, Rojas-Peña C, Acosta-Quiroga K, Camargo-Ayala L, Brito I, Cisterna J, Moncada F, Trilleras J, Rodríguez-Núñez YA, Gutierrez M. Design, synthesis, theoretical study, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase activities of new pyrazolo-fused phenanthrolines. RSC Adv 2022; 12:33032-33048. [PMID: 36425206 PMCID: PMC9671100 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05532e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrazole-fused phenanthroline compounds were obtained through several synthetic routes. NMR, HRMS, and IR techniques were used to characterize and confirm the chemical structures. Crystal structures were obtained from compounds 3a, 5b, 5j, 5k, and 5n and analyzed using X-ray diffraction. Compounds were evaluated as acetyl (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors, and the results showed a moderate activity. Compound 5c presented the best activity against AChE (IC50 = 53.29 μM) and compound 5l against BChE enzyme (IC50 = 119.3 μM). Furthermore, the ability of the synthetic compounds to scavenge cationic radicals DPPH and ABTS was evaluated. Compound 5e (EC50 = 26.71 μg mL-1) presented the best results in the DPPH assay, and compounds 5e, 5f and 5g (EC50 = 11.51, 3.10 and <3 μg mL-1, respectively) showed better ABTS cationic radical scavenging results. Finally, in silico analyses indicated that 71% of the compounds show good oral availability and are within the ranges established by the Lipinski criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efraín Polo-Cuadrado
- Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica (LSO-Act-Bio), Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
| | - Cristian Rojas-Peña
- Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica (LSO-Act-Bio), Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
- Doctorado en Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Karen Acosta-Quiroga
- Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica (LSO-Act-Bio), Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
- Doctorado en Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Lorena Camargo-Ayala
- Doctorado en Ciencias Mención I + D de Productos Bioactivos, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Laboratorio de Síntesis Orgánica (LSO-Act-Bio), Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
| | - Iván Brito
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Avda., Campus Coloso Antofagasta 02800 Chile
| | - Jonathan Cisterna
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, Avda., Campus Coloso Antofagasta 02800 Chile
| | - Félix Moncada
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Av. Cra 30 # 45-03 Bogotá Colombia
| | - Jorge Trilleras
- Grupo de Investigación en Compuestos Heterocíclicos, Universidad del Atlántico Puerto Colombia 081007 Colombia
| | - Yeray A Rodríguez-Núñez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello Republica 275 Santiago 8370146 Chile
| | - Margarita Gutierrez
- Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica y Actividad Biológica (LSO-Act-Bio), Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca 3460000 Chile
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32
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Altowyan MS, Soliman SM, Haukka M, Al-Shaalan NH, Alkharboush AA, Barakat A. Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity of New Spirooxindoles Engrafted Furan Structural Motif as a Potential Anticancer Agent. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:35743-35754. [PMID: 36249408 PMCID: PMC9558703 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A new series of spirooxindoles based on ethylene derivatives having furan aryl moiety are reported. The new hybrids were achieved via [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction as an economic one-step efficient approach. The final constructed spirooxindoles have four contiguous asymmetric carbon centers. The structure of 3a is exclusively confirmed using X-ray single crystal diffraction. The supramolecular structure of 3a is controlled by O···H, H···H, and C···C intermolecular contacts. It includes layered molecules interconnected weak C-H···O (2.675 Å), H···H (2.269 Å), and relatively short Cl···Br interhalogen interactions [3.4500(11)Å]. Using Hirshfeld analysis, the percentages of these intermolecular contacts are 10.6, 25.7, 6.4, and 6.2%, respectively. The spirooxindoles along with ethylene derivatives having furan aryl moiety were assessed against breast (MCF7) and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines. The results indicated that the new chalcone 3b showed excellent activity in both cell lines (MCF7 and HepG2) with IC50 = 4.1 ± 0.10 μM/mL (MCF7) and 3.5 ± 0.07 μM/mL (HepG2) compared to staurosporine with 4.3 and 2.92 folds. Spirooxindoles 6d (IC50 = 4.3 ± 0.18 μM/mL), 6f (IC50 = 10.3 ± 0.40 μM/mL), 6i (IC50 = 10.7 ± 0.38 μM/mL), and 6j (IC50 = 4.7 ± 0.18 μM/mL) exhibited potential activity against breast adenocarcinoma, while compounds 6d (IC50 = 6.9 ± 0.23 μM/mL) and 6f (IC50 = 3.5 ± 0.11 μM/mL) were the most active hybrids against human liver cancer cell line (HepG2) compared to staurosporine [IC50 = 17.8 ± 0.50 μM/mL (MCF7) and 10.3 ± 0.23 μM/mL (HepG2)]. Molecular docking study exhibited the virtual mechanism of binding of compound 3b as a dual inhibitor of EGFR/CDK-2 proteins, and this may highlight the molecular targets for its cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mezna Saleh Altowyan
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saied M. Soliman
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria
University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Matti Haukka
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, Jyväskylä FI-40014 Finland
| | - Nora Hamad Al-Shaalan
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aminah A. Alkharboush
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assem Barakat
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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33
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Aboukhatwa SM, Ibrahim AO, Aoyama H, Al-Behery AS, Shaldam MA, El-Ashmawy G, Tawfik HO. Nicotinonitrile-derived apoptotic inducers: Design, synthesis, X-ray crystal structure and Pim kinase inhibition. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106126. [PMID: 36108589 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although a plethora of targeted anticancer small molecule drugs became available, the low response rate and drug resistance imply the continuous need for expanding the anticancer chemical space. In this study, a novel series of nicotinonitrile derivatives was designed, synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxic activities in HepG2 and MCF-7 cells. All derivatives showed high to moderate cytotoxic activity against both cell lines, with cell-type and chemotype-dependent cytotoxic potential. The normal HEK-293 T cells were ca. 50-fold less susceptible to the cytotoxic effect of the inhibitors. The in vitro enzyme inhibitory activity of selected active cytotoxic derivatives 8c, 8e, 9a, 9e and 12 showed that they have sub- to one digit micromolar 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC50) against the three Pim kinase isoforms, with 8e being the most potent (IC50 ≤ 0.28 μM against three Pim kinases), comparable to the pan kinase inhibitor, Staurosporine. In HepG2, 8e induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Apoptotic mechanistic studies with 8c and 8e in HepG2 cells, indicated a significant upregulation in both P53 and caspase-3 relative gene expression, as well as increased Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression level. Further, docking studies combined with molecular dynamic simulation showed a stable complex with high binding affinity of 8e to Pim-1 kinase; exploiting a negative electrostatic potential surface interaction with the added dimethyl amino group in the new compounds. Moreover, in silico ADME profile prediction indicated that all compounds are orally bioavailable and most of them can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. This study presents novel nicotinonitrile derivatives as auspicious hits for further optimization as antiproliferative agents against liver cancer cells and promising pan Pim kinase inhibitors at submicromolar concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa M Aboukhatwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Amera O Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Hiroshi Aoyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ahmed S Al-Behery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Moataz A Shaldam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Ghada El-Ashmawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Haytham O Tawfik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
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34
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Thabet FM, Dawood KM, Ragab EA, Nafie MS, Abbas AA. Design and synthesis of new bis(1,2,4-triazolo[3,4- b][1,3,4]thiadiazines) and bis((quinoxalin-2-yl)phenoxy)alkanes as anti-breast cancer agents through dual PARP-1 and EGFR targets inhibition. RSC Adv 2022; 12:23644-23660. [PMID: 36090415 PMCID: PMC9389373 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03549a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of new 1,ω-bis((acetylphenoxy)acetamide)alkanes 5a-f were prepared then their bromination using NBS furnished the novel bis(2-bromoacetyl)phenoxy)acetamides 6a-f. Reaction of 6a-f with 4-amino-5-substituted-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol 7a-d and with o-phenylenediamine derivatives 9a and b afforded the corresponding bis(1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine) derivatives 8a-l and bis(quinoxaline) derivatives 10a-e in good yields. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds as well as apoptosis induction through PARP-1 and EGFR as molecular targets was evaluated. Three compounds, 8d, 8i and 8l, exhibited much better cytotoxic activities against MDA-MB-231 than the drug Erlotinib. Interestingly, compound 8i induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells by 38-fold compared to the control arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, and its treatment upregulated P53, Bax, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 gene levels, while it downregulated the Bcl2 level. Compound 8i exhibited promising dual enzyme inhibition of PARP-1 (IC50 = 1.37 nM) compared to Olaparib (IC50 = 1.49 nM), and EGFR (IC50 = 64.65 nM) compared to Erlotinib (IC50 = 80 nM). These results agreed with the molecular docking studies that highlighted the binding disposition of compound 8i inside the PARP-1 and EGFR protein active sites. Hence, compound 8i may serve as a potential anti-breast cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M Thabet
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt +202 35727556 +202 35676602
| | - Kamal M Dawood
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt +202 35727556 +202 35676602
| | - Eman A Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt +202 35727556 +202 35676602
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University Ismailia 41522 Egypt
| | - Ashraf A Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt +202 35727556 +202 35676602
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35
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El Rayes SM, El Enany G, Ali IAI, Ibrahim W, Nafie MS. Synthesis of Novel Phthalazinedione-Based Derivatives with Promising Cytotoxic, Anti-bacterial, and Molecular Docking Studies as VEGFR2 Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:26800-26811. [PMID: 35936456 PMCID: PMC9350887 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The parent ester methyl-3-[2-(4-oxo-3-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-phthalazin-1-yloxy)-acetylamino] has 18 compounds. The starting material for alkanoates, their corresponding hydrazides, hydrazones, and dipeptides were produced by chemoselective O-alkylation of 2-phenyl-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione with ethyl chloroacetate(4-oxo-3-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-phthalazin-1-yloxy) acetic acid methyl ester. The starting ester was hydrazinolyzed, then azide coupled with amino acid ester hydrochloride to produce several parent esters, and then hydrazinolyzed to produce parent hydrazides. These hydrazides were used to make a series of dipeptides by reacting them with amino acid ester hydrochloride under azide coupling conditions, and they were also condensed with a number of aldehydes to make the hydrazones. These derivatives were subjected to cytotoxicity against HCT-116 and MDA-MB-231 cells and anti-bacterial and molecular docking studies. Results indicated that the tested compounds, especially 7c and 8b with the phenyl phthalazinone moieties, had promising cytotoxicity against the HCT-116 cells with IC50 values of 1.36 and 2.34 μM, respectively. Additionally, the promising compounds 7c and 8b exhibited poor cytotoxicity against WISH cells with much higher IC50 values, so they were safe against normal cells. Compound 8c exhibited potent anti-bacterial activity with inhibition zones of 12 and 11 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively. The molecular docking results of compounds 7c and 8b revealed a good binding disposition and the ligand-receptor interactions like the co-crystallized ligand of the VEGFR2 protein, which may be the proposed mode of action. Finally, compounds 7c and 8b exhibited good ADME pharmacokinetics with good drug-likeness parameters. Hence, detailed studies for the mechanism of action of such compounds are highly recommended for the development of new potent anti-cancer and anti-bacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir M. El Rayes
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal
University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Gaber El Enany
- Department
of Physics, College of Science and Arts in Uglat Asugour, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Science
& Math Department, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said 41522, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim A. I. Ali
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal
University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Wessam Ibrahim
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal
University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal
University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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36
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Polo-Cuadrado E, Ferrer K, Forero-Doria O, Morales-Bayuelo A, Brito I, Cisterna J, Espinoza L, Sánchez-Márquez J, Gutiérrez M. Single crystal structure, thermal stability and theoretical studies of ethyl 4-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-3,6-dimethyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Eltamany EE, Goda MS, Nafie MS, Abu-Elsaoud AM, Hareeri RH, Aldurdunji MM, Elhady SS, Badr JM, Eltahawy NA. Comparative Assessment of the Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Plicosepalus acacia and Plicosepalus curviflorus: Metabolomic Profiling and In Silico Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071249. [PMID: 35883740 PMCID: PMC9311546 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents a comparison between two mistletoe plants—P. acacia and P. curviflorus—regarding their total phenolic contents and antioxidant and anticancer activities. P. curviflorus exhibited a higher total phenolics content (340.62 ± 19.46 mg GAE/g extract), and demonstrated higher DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 48.28 ± 3.41µg/mL), stronger reducing power (1.43 ± 0.54 mMol Fe+2/g) for ferric ions, and a greater total antioxidant capacity (41.89 ± 3.15 mg GAE/g) compared to P. acacia. The cytotoxic effects of P. acacia and P. curviflorus methanol extracts were examined on lung (A549), prostate (PC-3), ovarian (A2780) and breast (MDA-MB-231) cancer cells. The highest anticancer potential for the two extracts was observed on PC-3 prostate cancer cells, where P. curviflorus exhibited more pronounced antiproliferative activity (IC50 = 25.83 μg/mL) than P. acacia (IC50 = 34.12 μg/mL). In addition, both of the tested extracts arrested the cell cycle at the Pre-G1 and G1 phases, and induced apoptosis. However, P. curviflorus extract possessed the highest apoptotic effect, mediated by the upregulation of p53, Bax, and caspase-3, 8 and 9, and the downregulation of Bcl-2 expression. In the pursuit to link the chemical diversity of P. curviflorus with the exhibited bioactivities, its metabolomic profiling was achieved by the LC-ESI-TOF-MS/MS technique. This permitted the tentative identification of several phenolics—chiefly flavonoid derivatives, beside some triterpenes and sterols—in the P. curviflorus extract. Furthermore, all of the metabolites in P. curviflorus and P. acacia were inspected for their binding modes towards both CDK-2 and EGFR proteins using molecular docking studies in an attempt to understand the superiority of P. curviflorus over P. acacia regarding their antiproliferative effect on PC-3 cancer cells. Docking studies supported our experimental results; with all of this taken together, P. curviflorus could be regarded as a potential prospect for the development of chemotherapeutics for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas E. Eltamany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.E.E.); (M.S.G.); (N.A.E.)
| | - Marwa S. Goda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.E.E.); (M.S.G.); (N.A.E.)
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Abdelghafar M. Abu-Elsaoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Rawan H. Hareeri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed M. Aldurdunji
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 13578, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sameh S. Elhady
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.S.E.); (J.M.B.); Tel.: +966-544512552 (S.S.E.); +20-1091332451 (J.M.B.)
| | - Jihan M. Badr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.E.E.); (M.S.G.); (N.A.E.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.E.); (J.M.B.); Tel.: +966-544512552 (S.S.E.); +20-1091332451 (J.M.B.)
| | - Nermeen A. Eltahawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.E.E.); (M.S.G.); (N.A.E.)
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38
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Alamshany ZM, Tashkandi NY, Othman IMM, Anwar MM, Nossier ES. New thiophene, thienopyridine and thiazoline-based derivatives: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation as antiproliferative agents and multitargeting kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:105964. [PMID: 35759881 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Multitargeting kinase inhibitors recently proved to be a profitable approach for conquering cancer proliferation. The current study represents the design and synthesis of new thiophene, thienopyridine, and thiazoline-based derivatives 4-14a,b. All the target compounds were examined in vitro against three cancer cell lines; the liver (HepG-2), breast (MCF-7), and colon (HCT-116) where the thiophene-based compounds 5a-c, demonstrated the most potent activity. Furthermore, the latter derivatives revealed a safety profile against WI-38 normal cell line of selectivity indices ranging from 4.43 to 17.44. In vitro enzyme assay of 5a-c revealed that the carbohydrazide analog 5c has the most promising multitargeting inhibiting activity against Pim-1, VEGFR-2, and EGFRWT enzymes of IC50 values; 0.037 ± 0.02, 0.95 ± 0.24, and 0.16 ± 0.05 µM, respectively. As it was the most potent analog, 5c was further subjected to cell cycle and apoptosis analysis. The results indicated that it induced preG1 arrest and an apoptotic effect in the early and late stages. Moreover, further apoptosis studies were carried out for 5c to evaluate its proapoptotic potential. Interestingly, 5c enhanced the levels of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, p53, and active caspase 3 by 18, 6.4, and 24 folds, respectively compared to the untreated cells. The antimicrobial evaluation showed that only compounds 3 and 5a produced broad-spectrum potency, while 5b and 5c exhibited outstanding antifungal effects. Finally, a molecular docking study was carried out to discover the probable interactions of compound 5c with the active sites of Pim-1, VEGFR-2, and EGFRWT kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra M Alamshany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21551, P.O. Box 42805, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Y Tashkandi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21551, P.O. Box 42805, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail M M Othman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Manal M Anwar
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
| | - Eman S Nossier
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11754, Egypt.
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Kamel M, Rashwan SM, Mahmoud MAA, El-Mekawy SAA, Awad MK, Ibrahim HE. Resorcinol Derivative as an Environmentally Friendly Low Carbon Steel Inhibitor in HCl Medium. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:17609-17619. [PMID: 35664610 PMCID: PMC9161249 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An ecofriendly resorcinol derivative, dimethyl-4,6-dihydroxyisophthalate (DDIP) is examined as an anticorrosion agent for low carbon steel (CS) in a 0.5 mol L-1 HCl solution. Electrochemical and chemical methods are used to determine the effectiveness of the inhibitor. The DDIP compound decreased the rate of CS corrosion. The mitigation efficiency rose from 61.8 to 79.9% as the DDIP dose increased from 50 to 300 ppm in the corrosive medium. At 300 ppm, however, the efficiency decreased from 79.9 to 70.05% as the temperature increased from 25 to 55 °C. Physical quantities and thermodynamic parameters are discussed. The compound's adsorption follows Langmuir's concept. Adsorption of the DDIP compound is a mix of physisorption and chemisorption. The difference in E corr values is less than 85 mV, indicating that the examined compound is a mixed-type inhibitor. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed the development of a coherent film at CS in the presence of the DDIP inhibitor. The results obtained using various techniques were closely related, indicating validity and accuracy. The interaction between the DDIP molecules and the CS was explained by the density functional theory and Monte Carlo simulation. The quantum characteristics confirmed that the DDIP compound is a promising inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medhat
M. Kamel
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal
University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Salah M. Rashwan
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal
University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A. A. Mahmoud
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal
University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Sameh A. A. El-Mekawy
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed K. Awad
- Theoretical
Applied Chemistry Unit (TACU), Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 44213, Egypt
| | - Hoyeda E. Ibrahim
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal
University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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40
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Exploration of novel VEGFR2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors via design and synthesis of new alkylated indolyl-triazole Schiff bases for targeting breast cancer. Bioorg Chem 2022; 122:105708. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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41
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Hamed ANE, Abouelela ME, El Zowalaty AE, Badr MM, Abdelkader MSA. Chemical constituents from Carica papaya Linn. leaves as potential cytotoxic, EGFR wt and aromatase (CYP19A) inhibitors; a study supported by molecular docking. RSC Adv 2022; 12:9154-9162. [PMID: 35424860 PMCID: PMC8985094 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07000b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The phytochemical investigation of the hydromethanolic extract of Carica papaya Linn. leaves (Caricaceae) resulted in the isolation and characterization of ten compounds, namely; carpaine (1), methyl gallate (2), loliolide (3), rutin (4), clitorin (5), kaempferol-3-O-neohesperidoside (6), isoquercetin (7), nicotiflorin (8) and isorhamnetin-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (9). The compounds 2, 3, 5-7 and 9 were isolated for the first time from the genus Carica. An in vitro breast cancer cytotoxicity study was evaluated with an MCF-7 cell line using the MTT assay. Methyl gallate and clitorin demonstrated the most potent cytotoxic activities with an IC50 of 1.11 ± 0.06 and 2.47 ± 0.14 μM, respectively. Moreover, methyl gallate and nicotiflorin exhibited potential EGFRwt kinase inhibition activities with an IC50 of 37.3 ± 1.9 and 41.08 ± 2.1 nM, respectively, compared with the positive control erlotinib (IC50 = 35.94 ± 1.8 nM). On the other hand, clitorin and nicotiflorin displayed the strongest aromatase kinase inhibition activities with an IC50 of 77.41 ± 4.53 and 92.84 ± 5.44 nM, respectively. Clitorin was comparable to the efficacy of the standard drug letrozole (IC50 = 77.72 ± 4.55). Additionally, molecular docking simulations of the isolated compounds to EGFR and human placental aromatase cytochrome P450 (CYP19A1) were evaluated. Methyl gallate linked with the EGFR receptor through hydrogen bonding with a pose score of -4.5287 kcal mol-1 and RMSD value of 1.69 Å. Clitorin showed the strongest interaction with aromatase (CYP19A1) for the breast cancer receptor with a posing score of -14.2074 and RMSD value of 1.56 Å. Compounds (1-3) possessed a good bioavailability score with a 0.55 value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf N E Hamed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abouelela
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Assiut-Branch Assiut 71524 Egypt
| | - Ahmed E El Zowalaty
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg 40530 Gothenburg Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg 40530 Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University 44519 Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Badr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University Menoufia 32511 Egypt
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Synthesis, X-ray Single-Crystal Analysis, and Anticancer Activity Evaluation of New Alkylsulfanyl-Pyridazino[4,5-b]indole Compounds as Multitarget Inhibitors of EGFR and Its Downstream PI3K-AKT Pathway. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12030353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The alkylation of 3,5-dihydro-4H-pyridazino[4,5-b]indole-4-thione with benzyl bromide, ethyl chloroacetate, and allyl bromide in the presence of potassium carbonate (K2CO3) yielded new alkylsulfanylpyridazino[4,5-b]indole derivatives (i.e., compounds 4–6). Hydrazinolysis of ester 6 resulted in hydrazide 7. The structure of compound 6 was verified by X-ray single-crystal analysis. Among the synthesized compounds, compound 6 exhibited the most promising cytotoxicity toward MCF-7 cells with an IC50 value of 12 µM. It showed potential inhibition activity toward EGFR, PI3K, and AKT in MCF-7 cells, with 0.26-, 0.49-, and 0.31-fold reductions in concentration compared to an untreated control. Additionally, it showed apoptosis-inducing activity in MCF-7 cells (47.98-fold); overall apoptosis increased to 38.87% compared to 0.81% in the untreated control, which disrupted the cell cycle at pre-G1 and S phases. Moreover, compound 6 exhibited good binding affinities toward the tested proteins (EGFR, PI3K, and AKT) and had binding energies ranging from −15.87 to −24.87 Kcal/mol. It also formed good interactions with essential amino acids inside the binding sites. Hence, compound 6 is recommended as an anti-breast cancer chemotherapeutic due to its effects on the EGFR-PI3K-AKT pathway.
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43
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Synthesis, characterization and application of magnetic biochar sulfonic acid as a highly efficient recyclable catalyst for preparation of spiro-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04660-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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44
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Elgawish MS, Nafie MS, Yassen ASA, Yamada K, Ghareb N. The design and synthesis of potent benzimidazole derivatives via scaffold hybridization and evaluating their antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity against breast and lung cancer cell lines. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05655g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
New series of benzimidazole bearing scaffold as powerful antiproliferative antiangiogenic compounds against breast (MCF-7) and lung (A549) cell lines cancer were designed using molecular hybridization as a new strategy for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Saleh Elgawish
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Asmaa S. A. Yassen
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Koji Yamada
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Nagat Ghareb
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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45
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Elrayess R, Darwish KM, Nafie MS, El-Sayyed GS, Said MM, Yassen ASA. Quinoline–hydrazone hybrids as dual mutant EGFR inhibitors with promising metallic nanoparticle loading: rationalized design, synthesis, biological investigation and computational studies. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02962f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel quinoline–hydrazone hybrid induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells through dual mutant EGFR inhibition with promising metallic nanoparticle loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranza Elrayess
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Darwish
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Gharieb S. El-Sayyed
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, Egypt
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Said
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Asmaa S. A. Yassen
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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46
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Nafie MS, Khodair AI, Hassan HAY, El-Fadeal NMA, Bogari HA, Elhady SS, Ahmed SA. Evaluation of 2-Thioxoimadazolidin-4-one Derivatives as Potent Anti-Cancer Agents through Apoptosis Induction and Antioxidant Activation: In Vitro and In Vivo Approaches. Molecules 2021; 27:83. [PMID: 35011314 PMCID: PMC8746798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most widespread malignancies and is reported as the fourth most prevalent cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the probable mechanistic cytotoxic effect of the promising 2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one derivative on liver cancer cells using in vitro and in vivo approaches. The compounds were tested for the in vitro cytotoxic activity using MTT assay, and the promising compound was tested in colony forming unit assay, flow cytometric analysis, RT-PCR, Western blotting, in vivo using SEC-carcinoma and in silico to highlight the virtual mechanism of action. Both compounds 4 and 2 performed cytotoxic effects against HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 0.017 and 0.18 μM, respectively, compared to Staurosporine and 5-Fu as reference drugs with IC50 values of 5.07 and 5.18 µM, respectively. Compound 4 treatment revealed apoptosis induction by 19.35-fold (11.42% compared to 0.59% in control), arresting the cell cycle at G2/M phase. Moreover, studying gene expression that plays critical roles in cell cycle and apoptosis by RT-PCR demonstrated that compound 4 enhances the expression of the pro-apoptotic genes p53, PUMA, and Caspase 3, 8, and 9, and impedes the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene in the HepG2 cells. It can also inhibit the PI3K/AKT pathway at both gene and protein levels, which was reinforced by the in silico predictions of the molecular docking simulations towards the PI3K/AKT proteins. Finally, in vivo study verified that compound 4 has a promising anti-cancer activity through activating antioxidant levels (CAT, SOD and GSH) and ameliorating hematological, biochemical, and histopathological findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I. Khodair
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Hebat Allah Y. Hassan
- Institute of Biotechnology for Graduate Studies & Research, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Noha M. Abd El-Fadeal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Hanin A. Bogari
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sameh S. Elhady
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Safwat A. Ahmed
- Institute of Biotechnology for Graduate Studies & Research, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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47
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Goda MS, Nafie MS, Awad BM, Abdel-Kader MS, Ibrahim AK, Badr JM, Eltamany EE. In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Anti-Lung Cancer Activity of Artemesia judaica L. Crude Extract Combined with LC-MS/MS Metabolic Profiling, Docking Simulation and HPLC-DAD Quantification. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:17. [PMID: 35052522 PMCID: PMC8773337 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisia judaica L. (Family: Asteraceae) exhibited antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of A. judaica ethanolic extract was screened against a panel of cancer cell lines. The results revealed its cytotoxic activity against a lung cancer (A549) cell line with a promising IC50 of 14.2 μg/mL compared to doxorubicin as a standard. This was confirmed through the downregulation of antiapoptotic genes, the upregulation of proapoptotic genes, and the cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Further in vivo study showed that a solid tumor mass was significantly reduced, with a tumor inhibition ratio of 54% relative to doxorubicin therapy in a Xenograft model. From a chemical point of view, various classes of natural products have been identified by liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The docking study of the detected metabolites approved their cytotoxic activity through their virtual binding affinity towards the cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK-2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) active sites. Finally, A. judaica is a fruitful source of polyphenols that are well-known for their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. As such, the previously reported polyphenols with anti-lung cancer activity were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, and apigenin were detected at concentrations of 6 mg/gm, 0.4 mg/gm, 0.36 mg/gm, and 3.9 mg/gm of plant dry extract, respectively. It is worth noting that kaempferol and rutin are reported for the first time. Herein, A. judaica L. may serve as an adjuvant therapy or a promising source of leading structures in drug discovery for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa S. Goda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (M.S.G.); (A.K.I.); (J.M.B.); (E.E.E.)
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Basma M. Awad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Sinai University, El-Arish 45518, Egypt;
| | - Maged S. Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21215, Egypt
| | - Amany K. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (M.S.G.); (A.K.I.); (J.M.B.); (E.E.E.)
| | - Jihan M. Badr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (M.S.G.); (A.K.I.); (J.M.B.); (E.E.E.)
| | - Enas E. Eltamany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (M.S.G.); (A.K.I.); (J.M.B.); (E.E.E.)
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48
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Nafie MS, Kishk SM, Mahgoub S, Amer AM. Quinoline-based thiazolidinone derivatives as potent cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing agents through EGFR inhibition. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 99:547-560. [PMID: 34873844 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Quinoline-based thiazolidinone heterocycles exhibited potent activity in the field of cancer therapy. Hence, ten quinoline-based thiazolidinone derivatives were evaluated for their anticancer activity through cytotoxic activity, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition pathway, apoptosis investigation through flow cytometric analyses, RT-PCR gene expression, in vivo solid-Ehrlich carcinoma model, and finally in silico approach for highlighting the interaction pose. Results revealed that compound 7 exhibited cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 cells with an IC50 value of 7.43 µM compared to 5-FU (IC50 = 11.36 µM) with moderate cytotoxic activity against the FHC (IC50 = 35.27 µM), and it exhibited remarkable inhibition activity of EGFR with IC50 value of 96.43 nM compared to Erlotinib (IC50 = 78.65 nM). Moreover, it significantly stimulated apoptotic colon cancer cell death with 171.58-fold arresting cell cycle at G2 and S-phases. Additionally, it ameliorated both biochemical and histochemical structures near normal with tumor inhibition ratio of 52.92% compared to 5-FU of 57.16%, with immunohistochemical examinations of EGFR inhibition in the treated group compared to control. Finally, molecular docking study highlighted its good binding affinity through good interactive binding pose inside the EGFR protein. In conclusion, the potent EGFR inhibitory activity of compound 7 was investigated using three integrated approaches in vitro, in vivo, and in silico, so it worth be validated and developed as a chemotherapeutic anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Nafie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Safaa M Kishk
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Sebaey Mahgoub
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Department of Basic Research, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Atef M Amer
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Barghash RF, Eldehna WM, Kovalová M, Vojáčková V, Kryštof V, Abdel-Aziz HA. One-pot three-component synthesis of novel pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines as potent antileukemic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 227:113952. [PMID: 34731763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we report on the development of novel series of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives (8a-u, 11a-n, and 14a,b) as potential anticancer agents. The prepared pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines have been screened for their antitumor activity in vitro at NCI-DTP. Thereafter, compound 8a was qualified by NCI for full panel five-dose assay to assess its GI50, TGI and LC50 values. Compound 8a showed broad-spectrum anti-proliferative activities over the whole NCI panel, with outstanding growth inhibition full panel GI50 (MG-MID) value equals 2.16 μM and subpanel GI50 (MG-MID) range: 1.92-2.86 μM. Furthermore, pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines 8a, 8e-h, 8o, 8u, 11a, 11e, 11h, 11l and 14a-b were assayed for their antiproliferative effect against a panel of leukemia cell lines (K562, MV4-11, CEM, RS4;11, ML-2 and KOPN-8) where they possessed moderate to excellent anti-leukemic activity. Moreover, pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines 8o, 8u, 14a and 14b were further explored for their effect on cell cycle on RS4;11 cells, in which they dose-dependently increased populations of cells in G2/M phases. Finally we analyzed the changes of selected proteins (HOXA9, MEIS1, PARP, BcL-2 and McL-1) related to cell death and viability in RS4;11 cells via Western blotting. Collectively, the obtained results suggested pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines 8o, 8u, 14a and 14b as promising lead molecules for further optimization to develop more potent and efficient anticancer candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham F Barghash
- Institute of Chemical Industries Researches, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, P.O. Box 12622, Egypt.
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Markéta Kovalová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Vojáčková
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Kryštof
- Department of Experimental Biology, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, P.O. Box 12622, Egypt
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50
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Abdelhameed RFA, Elhady SS, Sirwi A, Samir H, Ibrahim EA, Thomford AK, El Gindy A, Hadad GM, Badr JM, Nafie MS. Thonningia sanguinea Extract: Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities Supported by Chemical Composition and Molecular Docking Simulations. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2156. [PMID: 34685963 PMCID: PMC8539418 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The current study was designed to investigate the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Thonningia sanguinea whole-plant extract. The total phenolic content was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and found to be 980.1 mg/g, calculated as gallic acid equivalents. The antioxidant capacity was estimated for the crude extract and the phenolic portion of T. sanguinea, whereupon both revealed a dose-dependent scavenging rate of DPPH• with EC50 values of 36.33 and 11.14 µg/mL, respectively. Chemical profiling of the plant extract was achieved by LC-ESI-TOF-MS/MS analysis, where 17 compounds were assigned, including ten compounds detected in the negative mode and seven detected in the positive mode. The phenolic portion exhibited promising cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HepG2 cells, with IC50 values of 16.67 and 13.51 μg/mL, respectively. Phenolic extract treatment caused apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, with total apoptotic cell death 18.45-fold higher compared to untreated controls, arresting the cell cycle at G2/M by increasing the G2 population by 39.7%, compared to 19.35% for the control. The apoptotic investigation was further validated by the upregulation of proapoptotic genes of P53, Bax, and caspases-3,8 9, and the downregulation of Bcl-2 as the anti-apoptotic gene. Bcl-2 inhibition was also virtualized by good binding interactions through a molecular docking study. Taken together, phenolic extract exhibited promising cytotoxic activity in MCF-7 cells through apoptosis induction and antioxidant activation, so further fractionation studies are recommended for the phenolic extract for specifying the most active compound to be developed as a novel anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda F. A. Abdelhameed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Sameh S. Elhady
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.E.); (A.S.)
| | - Alaa Sirwi
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.E.); (A.S.)
| | - Hanan Samir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (H.S.); (E.A.I.); (A.E.G.); (G.M.H.)
- Medical Administration, Student’s Hospital, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Elsayed A. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (H.S.); (E.A.I.); (A.E.G.); (G.M.H.)
| | - Ama Kyeraa Thomford
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast PMB TF0494, Ghana;
| | - Alaa El Gindy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (H.S.); (E.A.I.); (A.E.G.); (G.M.H.)
| | - Ghada M. Hadad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (H.S.); (E.A.I.); (A.E.G.); (G.M.H.)
| | - Jihan M. Badr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
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