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Xie D, Zheng J, Sun Y, Li X, Ren S. Effects of Ca 2+ signal on the activities of key enzymes and expression of related genes in yeast ethanol metabolism and mitochondrial function during high sugar fermentation. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5077-5088. [PMID: 38284794 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During high sugar fermentation, yeast is mainly affected by high sugar stress in the early stage. It becomes jointly affected by high sugar and ethanol stress as ethanol accumulates during fermentation. Ca2+, as the second messenger of the cell, mediates various metabolic processes. In this study, the effects of the Ca2+ signal on the activities of key enzymes, expression of related genes of ethanol metabolism, and mitochondrial function were investigated. RESULTS The results showed a significant increase in the activities of enzymes related to ethanol metabolism in yeast cells under a high sugar environment. Ca2+ significantly promoted the activities of enzymes related to mitochondrial respiratory metabolism and regulated the carbon flow between ethanol metabolism and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The high sugar environment affected the expression of genes related to carbon metabolism, while the addition of Ca2+ stabilized the expression of related genes. CONCLUSION Ca2+ signal participated in ethanol and mitochondrial metabolism and regulated the key enzymes and related gene expression to enhance the resistance of yeast to stress during high sugar fermentation. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Xie
- Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Zheng
- Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingqi Sun
- Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xing Li
- Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuncheng Ren
- Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
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Zhang Q, Yuan Y, Cao S, Kang N, Qiu F. Withanolides: Promising candidates for cancer therapy. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1104-1158. [PMID: 38176694 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Natural products have played a significant role throughout history in the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases, particularly cancers. As a natural product primarily derived from various medicinal plants in the Withania genus, withanolides have been shown in several studies to exhibit potential activities in cancer treatment. Consequently, understanding the molecular mechanism of withanolides could herald the discovery of new anticancer agents. Withanolides have been studied widely, especially in the last 20 years, and attracted the attention of numerous researchers. Currently, over 1200 withanolides have been classified, with approximately a quarter of them having been reported in the literature to be able to modulate the survival and death of cancer cells through multiple avenues. To what extent, though, has the anticancer effects of these compounds been studied? How far are they from being developed into clinical drugs? What are their potential, characteristic features, and challenges? In this review, we elaborate on the current knowledge of natural compounds belonging to this class and provide an overview of their natural sources, anticancer activity, mechanism of action, molecular targets, and implications for anticancer drug research. In addition, direct targets and clinical research to guide the design and implementation of future preclinical and clinical studies to accelerate the application of withanolides have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - YongKang Yuan
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Kang
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Khan W, Gul B, Uddin MN, Khan BM, Attacha S, Zaman N. Physalis ixocarpa: new species of genus physalis to the flora of Pakistan from mountainous region of district Shangla, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e258128. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.258128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract In the western mountainous region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan at the Shangla district, we found Physalis ixocarpa for the first time, not yet reported from Pakistan. Physalis ixocarpa was unidentified and has no ethnobotanical record in the flora of Pakistan. It is a member of family Solanaceae and having a close relation with Solanum tuberosum and Lycopersicon esculentum. The stem is prostrate with a dichotomous pattern of branches having leaves flower and fruits. Leaves are smooth, ovate and the margins of leaf blade dentation are poorly developed. The average length and width of the leaves are 6.50 and 3.61 cm respectively. P. ixocarpa grows to the length of 4-5 feet and an annual herb. The flowers of the plants are yellow in color and having purple color spots on the petals which are star-shaped. The round berry fruits are surrounded by persistent calyx and purple in color. The fruits are the 3-6cm in diameter. The plants are found in the different localities of district Shangla especially in Bar and Koz Kana. The life cycle of reporting plant is started in May and completed in November.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Khan
- University of Swat, Pakistan
| | - B. Gul
- The University of Agriculture, Pakistan
| | | | - B. M. Khan
- PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
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Abreu Alves P, Dantas Rocha KA, Bezerra LL, Ayala AP, Vieira Monteiro NDK, Pessoa ODL. Withanolides of Athenaea velutina with potential inhibitory properties against SARS coronavirus main protease (m pro): molecular modeling studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:12267-12275. [PMID: 36690603 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2167863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Since the global COVID-19 pandemic began, the scientific community has dedicated efforts to finding effective antiviral drugs to treat or minimize the effects caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Some targets can act as inhibitor substrates, highlighting the Main Protease (Mpro), which plays an essential role in the translation and transcription of the virus cycle. Withanolides, a class of natural C28 steroidal lactones, are compounds of interest as possible inhibitors of Mpro and other critical targets of the virus, such as papain-like protease. In this study, the isolation of a new withanolide (1), along with the known 27-deoxywithaferin A (2) and 27-deoxy-2,3-dihydrowithaferin A (3), from the leaves of Athenaea velutina (Solanaceae) is described. Their structures were determined using spectroscopic and spectrometric methods (NMR, IR, HRESIMS). Moreover, the interaction and the stability of withanolides 1-3 and withanolide D (4), previously isolated of Acnistus arborescens, against the Mpro target through molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and binding free energy simulations were analyzed. The molecular dynamics results indicated that the complexes formed by the molecular docking simulations between the Mpro target with each of the withanolides 1-4 exhibited good stability during the simulations due to a slight change in the structure of complexes. The binding free energy results suggested that withanolide (1) can be a natural candidate against COVID-19 disease.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pabllo Abreu Alves
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Késya Amanda Dantas Rocha
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lucas Lima Bezerra
- Departamento de Química Analítica e Físico Química, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Pedro Ayala
- Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Xing H, Song Z, Guo R, Liu F, An L, Hu P, Guo Y. Secotrijugins A-D, four highly oxidized and rearranged limonoids from Trichilia sinensis and their anti-inflammatory activity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 205:113502. [PMID: 36356672 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Four undescribed highly oxidized and rearranged limonoids, secotrijugins A-D, were purified from the leaves and twigs of Trichilia sinensis. Within them, secotrijugin A was characterized as a rare 30-nortrijugin-type limonoid with an unusual cleavage of 1,14-ether bond, secotrijugins B and C represented new examples with the cleavage of δ-lactone ring D, and secotrijugin D was a rare trijugin-type limonoid with an unusual 2,6-oxygen bridge. The structures of limonoids were characterized by means of spectroscopic analysis and ECD calculations. The cellular screening revealed that secotrijugin B was the most active against LPS-stimulated NO production in BV-2 cells, which played an anti-inflammatory role by downregulating COX-2 and iNOS protein expression. The further in vivo experiments confirmed that secotrijugin B had strong in vivo anti-inflammatory effect via suppressing NO and ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ziteng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ruichen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Lijun An
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Research on Pathogenesis of Allergen Provoked Allergic Disease in Liaoning Province, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110034, China.
| | - Yuanqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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Meira CS, Soares JWC, Dos Reis BPZC, Pacheco LV, Santos IP, Silva DKC, de Lacerda JC, Daltro SRT, Guimarães ET, Soares MBP. Therapeutic Applications of Physalins: Powerful Natural Weapons. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:864714. [PMID: 35450054 PMCID: PMC9016203 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.864714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Physalins, or 16,24-cyclo-13,14-seco steroids, are compounds belonging to the class of withanolides that can be found in plants of Solanaceae family, mainly in species belonging to the genus Physalis spp., which are annual herbaceous plants widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Physalins are versatile molecules that act in several cell signaling pathways and activate different mechanisms of cell death or immunomodulation. A number of studies have shown a variety of actions of these compounds, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, and antiviral activities. Here we reviewed the main findings related to the anticancer, immunomodulatory, and antiparasitic activities of physalins and its mechanisms of action, highlighting the \challenges and future directions in the pharmacological application of physalins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássio Santana Meira
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil.,Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Julia Costa de Lacerda
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Bahiana Foundation for the Development of Sciences, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Elisalva Teixeira Guimarães
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil.,Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil
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