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Li X, Yang T, Li J, Li X, Chen P, Lin Z, Liu G. Regio- and enantioselective remote dioxygenation of internal alkenes. Nat Chem 2023:10.1038/s41557-023-01192-3. [PMID: 37106097 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01192-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Methods for the enantioselective direct oxygenation of internal alkenes have provided chemists with versatile and powerful toolboxes for the synthesis of optically pure alcohols, one of the most privileged structural motifs. Regioselectivity, however, remains a formidable challenge in the functionalization of internal alkenes. Here we report a palladium-catalysed highly regio- and enantioselective remote 1,n-dioxygenation (n ≥ 4) of internal alkenes with engineered pyridine-oxazoline (Pyox) ligands. The reactions proceed efficiently and exhibit a broad substrate scope with excellent regio- and enantioselectivity, affording optically pure 1,n-diol acetates as the key synthons for important bioactive molecules. Experimental studies and density functional theory calculations provide evidence that the regioselectivity is governed by the reactivity disparity of two allylic C-H bonds, where the oxypalladation is reversible and the first palladium migration step proves to be the regioselectivity-determining step, enabled by the modified phenyl-substituted Pyox ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tilong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiayuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pinhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Guosheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai Hongkong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Singh AK, Italiya KS, Narisepalli S, Chitkara D, Mittal A. Role of Chain Length and Degree of Unsaturation of Fatty Acids in the Physicochemical and Pharmacological Behavior of Drug-Fatty Acid Conjugates in Diabetes. J Med Chem 2021; 64:14217-14229. [PMID: 34581574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several drug-fatty acid (FA) prodrugs have been reported to exhibit desirable physicochemical and pharmacological profile; however, comparative beneficial effects rendered by different FAs have not been explored. In the present study, four different FAs (linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, and α-lipoic acid) were selected based on their chain length and degree of unsaturation and conjugated to Lisofylline (LSF), an antidiabetic molecule to obtain different drug-FA prodrugs and characterized for molecular weight, hydrophobicity, purity, self-assembly, and efficacy in vitro and in vivo in type 1 diabetes model. Prodrugs demonstrated a 2- to 6-fold increase in the plasma half-life of LSF. Diabetic animals treated with prodrugs, once daily for 5 weeks, maintained a steady fasting blood glucose level with a significant increase in insulin level, considerable restoration of biochemical parameters, and preserved β-cells integrity. Among the different LSF-FA prodrugs, LSF-OA and LSF-PA demonstrated the most favorable physicochemical, systemic pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arihant Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Kishan S Italiya
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Saibhargav Narisepalli
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Deepak Chitkara
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anupama Mittal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
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Italiya KS, Singh AK, Chitkara D, Mittal A. Nanoparticulate tablet dosage form of lisofylline-linoleic acid conjugate for type 1 diabetes: in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) studies and pharmacokinetics in rat. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:114. [PMID: 33763759 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01980-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lisofylline (LSF) is an anti-inflammatory molecule with high aqueous solubility and rapid metabolic interconversion to its parent drug, pentoxifylline (PTX) resulting in very poor pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters, necessitating high dose and dosing frequency. In the present study, we resolved the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic limitations associated with LSF and designed its oral dosage form as a tablet for effective treatment in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Self-assembling polymeric micelles of LSF (lisofylline-linoleic acid polymeric micelles (LSF-LA PLM)) were optimized for scale-up (6 g batch size) and lyophilized followed by compression into tablets. Powder blend and tablets were evaluated as per USP. LSF-LA PLM tablet so formed was evaluated for in vitro release in simulated biological fluids (with enzymes) and for cell viability in MIN-6 cells. LSF-LA PLM in tablet formulation was further evaluated for intestinal permeability (in situ) along with LSF and LSF-LA self-assembled micelles (SM) as controls in a rat model using single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) study. SPIP studies revealed 1.8-fold higher oral absorption of LSF-LA from LSF-LA PLM as compared to LSF-LA SM and ~5.9-fold higher than LSF (alone) solution. Pharmacokinetic studies of LSF-LA PLM tablet showed greater Cmax than LSF, LSF-LA, and LSF-LA PLM. Designed facile LSF-LA PLM tablet dosage form has potential for an immediate decrease in the postprandial glucose levels in patients of T1D.
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Borowiecki P, Zdun B, Dranka M. Chemoenzymatic enantioselective and stereo-convergent syntheses of lisofylline enantiomers via lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution and optical inversion approach. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ali M, Bakr MH, Abdelzaher LA, Sayed SA, Mali V, Desai AA, Radwan E. Lisofylline mitigates cardiac inflammation in a mouse model of obesity through improving insulin secretion and activating cardiac AMPK signaling pathway. Cytokine 2020; 138:155398. [PMID: 33341003 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has emerged as a leading cause of death in the last few decades, mainly due to associated cardiovascular diseases. Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance are strongly interlinked. Lisofylline (LSF), an anti-inflammatory agent, demonstrated protection against type 1 diabetes, as well as reduced obesity-induced insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation. However, its role in mitigating cardiac inflammation associated with obesity is not well studied. Mice were divided into 4 groups; the first group was fed regular chow diet, the second was fed regular chow diet and treated with LSF, the third was fed high fat diet (HFD), and the fourth was fed HFD and treated with LSF. Cardiac inflammation was interrogated via expression levels of TNF α, interleukins 6 and 10, phosphorylated STAT4 and lipoxygenases 12 and 12/15. Apoptosis and expression of the survival gene, AMPK, were also evaluated. We observed that LSF alleviated obesity-induced cardiac injury indirectly by improving both pancreatic β-cell function and insulin sensitivity, as well as, directly via upregulation of cardiac AMPK expression and downregulation of cardiac inflammation and apoptosis. LSF may represent an effective therapy targeting obesity-induced metabolic and cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Ali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Marwa H Bakr
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Lobna A Abdelzaher
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Sally A Sayed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Vishal Mali
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ankit A Desai
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Eman Radwan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Italiya KS, Basak M, Mazumdar S, Sahel DK, Shrivastava R, Chitkara D, Mittal A. Scalable Self-Assembling Micellar System for Enhanced Oral Bioavailability and Efficacy of Lisofylline for Treatment of Type-I Diabetes. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:4954-4967. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kishan S. Italiya
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Moumita Basak
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Samrat Mazumdar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Deepak K. Sahel
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Richa Shrivastava
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Deepak Chitkara
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anupama Mittal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
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Mohamadpour F. Synthesis of Pyran-Annulated Heterocyclic Systems Catalyzed by Theophylline as a Green and Bio-Based Catalyst. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2019.1575246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Mohamadpour
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
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8
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Italiya KS, Mazumdar S, Sharma S, Chitkara D, Mahato RI, Mittal A. Self-assembling lisofylline-fatty acid conjugate for effective treatment of diabetes mellitus. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 15:175-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Świerczek A, Wyska E, Pociecha K, Baś S, Mlynarski J. Influence of inflammatory disorders on pharmacokinetics of lisofylline in rats: implications for studies in humans. Xenobiotica 2018; 49:1209-1220. [PMID: 30526201 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2018.1542516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
1. Despite the number of favourable properties of lisofylline (LSF), clinical trials on this compound have not yielded the expected results yet. 2. The aims of this study were to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of LSF enantiomers in rats following intravenous, oral and subcutaneous administration of (±)-LSF and to assess the influence of experimental inflammatory disorders, such as multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and severe sepsis on LSF pharmacokinetics. 3. In addition, based on the results obtained an attempt was made to elucidate the possible reasons for the failure of LSF therapy in clinical trials carried out in patients with severe inflammatory disorders. 4. A subcutaneous route of (±)-LSF administration to rats is more favourable than an oral one due to a high bioavailability and a fast absorption of both LSF enantiomers. Pharmacokinetics of LSF in rats is significantly influenced by inflammatory diseases. Too low LSF serum levels might have been one of the reasons for clinical trial failures. A long-term i.v. infusion of LSF seems to be more effective compared to short-term multiple infusions that were used in clinical trials, as it may provide concentrations above IC50 for inhibition of both TNF-alpha release and cAMP degradation in serum for a longer period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Świerczek
- a Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Cracow , Poland
| | - Elżbieta Wyska
- a Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Cracow , Poland
| | - Krzysztof Pociecha
- a Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Cracow , Poland
| | - Sebastian Baś
- b Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Cracow , Poland
| | - Jacek Mlynarski
- b Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Cracow , Poland
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Lim FPL, Tan LY, Tiekink ERT, Dolzhenko AV. A one-pot, multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of novel 2-alkyl substituted 4-aminoimidazo[1,2- a][1,3,5]triazines. RSC Adv 2018; 8:21495-21504. [PMID: 35539915 PMCID: PMC9080918 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03703e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A highly selective, one-pot, three-component synthesis of novel 2-alkyl-substituted 4-aminoimidazo[1,2-a][1,3,5]triazines has been developed. The scope of the method was explored in two dimensions, varying the structures of trialkyl orthoesters and 2-aminoimidazoles in their reactions with cyanamide. Conveniently performed under microwave irradiation, this method was also proved to be efficient under conventional heating. A library of 24 novel compounds was prepared in high purity using this multicomponent approach. Molecular and crystal structures of representative molecules were studied using X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Phei Lin Lim
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500 Malaysia +60-3-5514-6364 +60-3-5514-5867
| | - Lin Yuing Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500 Malaysia +60-3-5514-6364 +60-3-5514-5867
| | - Edward R T Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University Bandar Sunway Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500 Malaysia
| | - Anton V Dolzhenko
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500 Malaysia +60-3-5514-6364 +60-3-5514-5867
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University GPO Box U1987 Perth Western Australia 6845 Australia
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Italiya KS, Sharma S, Kothari I, Chitkara D, Mittal A. Simultaneous estimation of lisofylline and pentoxifylline in rat plasma by high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector and its application to pharmacokinetics in rat. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1061-1062:49-56. [PMID: 28704725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Lisofylline (LSF) is an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent with proven activity in serious infections associated with cancer chemotherapy, hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury, autoimmune disorders including type-1 diabetes (T1DM) and islet rejection after islet transplantation. It is also an active metabolite of another anti-inflammatory agent, Pentoxifylline (PTX). LSF bears immense therapeutic potential in multiple pharmacological activities and hence appropriate and accurate quantification of LSF is very important. Although a number of analytical methods for quantification of LSF and PTX have been reported for pharmacokinetics and metabolic studies, each of these have certain limitations in terms of large sample volume required, complex extraction procedure and/or use of highly sophisticated instruments like LC-MS/MS. The aim of current study is to develop a simple reversed-phase HPLC method in rat plasma for simultaneous determination of LSF and PTX with the major objective of ensuring minimum sample volume, ease of extraction, economy of analysis, selectivity and avoiding use of instruments like LC-MS/MS to ensure a widespread application of the method. A simple liquid-liquid extraction method using methylene chloride as extracting solvent was used for extracting LSF and PTX from rat plasma (200μL). Samples were then evaporated, reconstituted with mobile phase and injected into HPLC coupled with photo-diode detector (PDA). LSF, PTX and 3-isobutyl 1-methyl xanthine (IBMX, internal standard) were separated on Inertsil® ODS (C18) column (250×4.6mm, 5μm) with mobile phase consisting of A-methanol B-water (50:50v/v) run in isocratic mode at flow rate of 1mL/min for 15min and detection at 273nm. The method showed linearity in the concentration range of 50-5000ng/mL with LOD of 10ng/mL and LLOQ of 50ng/mL for both LSF and PTX. Weighted linear regression analysis was also performed on the calibration data. The mean absolute recoveries were found to be 80.47±3.44 and 80.89±3.73% for LSF and PTX respectively. The method was successfully applied for studying the pharmacokinetics of LSF and PTX after IV bolus administration at dose of 25mg/kg in Wistar rat. In conclusion, a simple, sensitive, accurate and precise reversed-phase HPLC-UV method was established for simultaneous determination of LSF and PTX in rat plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishan S Italiya
- Industrial Research Laboratory (IRL), Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Saurabh Sharma
- Industrial Research Laboratory (IRL), Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Ishit Kothari
- Industrial Research Laboratory (IRL), Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Deepak Chitkara
- Industrial Research Laboratory (IRL), Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Anupama Mittal
- Industrial Research Laboratory (IRL), Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India.
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Yazdani-Elah-Abadi A, Maghsoodlou MT, Mohebat R, Heydari R. Theophylline as a new and green catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of spiro[benzo[ a ]pyrano[2,3- c ]phenazine] and benzo[ a ]pyrano[2,3- c ]phenazine derivatives under solvent-free conditions. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Lim FPL, Low ST, Ho ELK, Halcovitch NR, Tiekink ERT, Dolzhenko AV. A multicomponent reaction of 2-aminoimidazoles: microwave-assisted synthesis of novel 5-aza-7-deaza-adenines. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11305f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient and highly selective multicomponent synthesis of 4-aminoimidazo[1,2-a]triazines, which are 5-aza-7-deaza-isosteres of adenine, was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Szy Teng Low
- School of Pharmacy
- Monash University Malaysia
- Bandar Sunway
- Malaysia
| | | | | | - Edward R. T. Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials
- School of Science and Technology
- Sunway University
- Bandar Sunway
- Malaysia
| | - Anton V. Dolzhenko
- School of Pharmacy
- Monash University Malaysia
- Bandar Sunway
- Malaysia
- School of Pharmacy
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14
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Schiavini P, Cheong KJ, Moitessier N, Auclair K. Active Site Crowding of Cytochrome P450 3A4 as a Strategy To Alter Its Selectivity. Chembiochem 2016; 18:248-252. [PMID: 27897366 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Schiavini
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Kin J. Cheong
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Nicolas Moitessier
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Karine Auclair
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A 0B8 Canada
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15
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Yazdani-Elah-Abadi A, Mohebat R, Maghsoodlou MT. Theophylline as the catalyst for the diastereoselective synthesis of trans-1,2-dihydrobenzo[a]furo[2,3-c]phenazines in water. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra18750a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Theophylline-catalyzed efficient and environmentally benign procedure for the diastereoselective synthesis of trans-1,2-dihydrobenzo[a]furo[2,3-c]phenazines with pyridinium ylide assisted domino reaction in water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Razieh Mohebat
- Department of Chemistry
- Yazd Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Yazd
- Iran
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16
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Allmann TC, Moldovan RP, Jones PG, Lindel T. Synthesis of Hydroxypyrrolone Carboxamides Employing Selectfluor. Chemistry 2015; 22:111-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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17
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Orhan O, Çolak AT, Emen FM, Kismali G, Meral O, Sel T, Çilgi GK, Taş M. Syntheses of crystal structures and in vitro cytotoxic activities of new copper(II) complexes of pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate. J COORD CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2015.1086997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oğuzhan Orhan
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Alper Tolga Çolak
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Emen
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Gorkem Kismali
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ogunc Meral
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tevhide Sel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülbanu Koyundereli Çilgi
- Faculty of Technology, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Murat Taş
- Science Faculty, Department of Chemistry, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
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18
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Shams N, Mosslemin MH, Anaraki-Ardakani H. An Efficient Synthesis of Bis-Purine Derivatives by a PPh3-catalysed Double Addition of Dialkylated Xanthine Derivatives to Alkyl Propiolates. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.3184/174751915x14396278385301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Reaction between 5,7-dialkylated xanthine derivatives (2 equiv.) and an alkyl propiolate in the presence of catalytic amounts of triphenyl phosphine yields alkyl 2,3-bis(1,3-dialkyl-2,6-dioxo/oxothio-2,3-dihydro-1H-purin-7(6H)-yl)propanoates in excellent yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Shams
- Department of Chemistry, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, PO Box 89195-155, Yazd, Iran
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Drosos N, Morandi B. Bor-katalysierte regioselektive Desoxygenierung von terminalen 1,2-Diolen zu 2-Alkanolen durch die strategische Bildung eines cyclischen Siloxan-Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Drosos N, Morandi B. Boron-Catalyzed Regioselective Deoxygenation of Terminal 1,2-Diols to 2-Alkanols Enabled by the Strategic Formation of a Cyclic Siloxane Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:8814-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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21
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Yang XH, Wang K, Zhu SF, Xie JH, Zhou QL. Remote Ester Group Leads to Efficient Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Aliphatic Alcohols via Asymmetric Hydrogenation. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:17426-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja510990v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Yang
- State
Key Laboratory and
Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ke Wang
- State
Key Laboratory and
Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shou-Fei Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory and
Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jian-Hua Xie
- State
Key Laboratory and
Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qi-Lin Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory and
Institute of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Lim FPL, Dolzhenko AV. 1,3,5-Triazine-based analogues of purine: From isosteres to privileged scaffolds in medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 85:371-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhu SL, Wu Y, Liu CJ, Wei CY, Tao JC, Liu HM. Design and stereoselective synthesis of novel isosteviol-fused pyrazolines and pyrazoles as potential anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 65:70-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Mohareb RM, Al-Omran F. Reaction of pregnenolone with cyanoacetylhydrazine: novel synthesis of hydrazide-hydrazone, pyrazole, pyridine, thiazole, thiophene derivatives and their cytotoxicity evaluations. Steroids 2012; 77:1551-9. [PMID: 23064008 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pregnenolone (1) was used as a template to develop new anticancer compounds. Ring D modification of 1 through its reaction with cyanoacetylhydrazine (2) gave the hydrazide-hydrazone derivative 3. The latter compound underwent heterocyclization reactions to give the pyrazole, pyridine, thiazole and thiophene derivatives of pregnenolone. The cytotoxicity of the newly synthesized heterocyclic steroids against three human tumor cell lines namely breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), non-small cell lung cancer (NCI-H460) and CNS cancer (SF-268) were studied. Some of tested compounds were found to exhibit much higher inhibitory effects towards the three tumor cell lines than the reference drug, doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafat M Mohareb
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cario, Egypt.
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Chakrabarti SK, Wen Y, Dobrian AD, Cole BK, Ma Q, Pei H, Williams MD, Bevard MH, Vandenhoff GE, Keller SR, Gu J, Nadler JL. Evidence for activation of inflammatory lipoxygenase pathways in visceral adipose tissue of obese Zucker rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2011; 300:E175-87. [PMID: 20978234 PMCID: PMC3023204 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00203.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Central obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation that promotes type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in obese individuals. The 12- and 5-lipoxygenase (12-LO and 5-LO) enzymes have been linked to inflammatory changes, leading to the development of atherosclerosis. 12-LO has also been linked recently to inflammation and insulin resistance in adipocytes. We analyzed the expression of LO and proinflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue and adipocytes in obese Zucker rats, a widely studied genetic model of obesity, insulin resistance, and the metabolic syndrome. mRNA expression of 12-LO, 5-LO, and 5-LO-activating protein (FLAP) was upregulated in adipocytes and adipose tissue from obese Zucker rats compared with those from lean rats. Concomitant with increased LO gene expression, the 12-LO product 12-HETE and the 5-LO products 5-HETE and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) were also increased in adipocytes. Furthermore, upregulation of key proinflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-6, TNFα, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were observed in adipocytes isolated from obese Zucker rats. Immunohistochemistry indicated that the positive 12-LO staining in adipose tissue represents cells in addition to adipocytes. This was confirmed by Western blotting in stromal vascular fractions. These changes were in part reversed by the novel anti-inflammatory drug lisofylline (LSF). LSF also reduced p-STAT4 in visceral adipose tissue from obese Zucker rats and improved the metabolic profile, reducing fasting plasma glucose and increasing insulin sensitivity in obese Zucker rats. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, LSF abrogated the inflammatory response induced by LO products. Thus, therapeutic agents reducing LO or STAT4 activation may provide novel tools to reduce obesity-induced inflammation.
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Krasnova LB, Hein JE, Fokin VV. Synthesis of 7-aza-5-deazapurine analogues via copper(I)-catalyzed hydroamination of alkynes and 1-iodoalkynes. J Org Chem 2010; 75:8662-5. [PMID: 21105687 DOI: 10.1021/jo1016376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the synthesis of dihydroimidazo[1,2-a][1,3,5]triazin-4(6H)-ones via copper(I)-catalyzed hydroamination was developed. In addition, for the first time, iodoalkynes were shown to participate in the copper(I)-catalyzed intramolecular hydroamination reaction with exclusive formation of E-isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa B Krasnova
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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Wu Y, Liu CJ, Liu X, Dai GF, Du JY, Tao JC. Stereoselective Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activities of Novel Isosteviol Derivatives with D-Ring Modification. Helv Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Largeron M, Fleury MB, Strolin Benedetti M. A small molecule that mimics the metabolic activity of copper-containing amine oxidases (CuAOs) toward physiological mono- and polyamines. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:3796-800. [DOI: 10.1039/c004501b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Matloobi M, Schramm HW. An efficient microwave-assisted synthesis of 6,8-dihydroimidazo[1,2-a] [1,3,5] triazine derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Ye D, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Zhang D, Zhang L, Wang H, Jiang H, Liu H. Gold- and Silver-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroamination of Terminal Alkynes: Water-Triggered Chemo- and Regioselective Synthesis of Fused Tricyclic Xanthines. Adv Synth Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200900505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Wu Y, Dai GF, Yang JH, Zhang YX, Zhu Y, Tao JC. Stereoselective synthesis of 15- and 16-substituted isosteviol derivatives and their cytotoxic activities. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:1818-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.12.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2008] [Revised: 12/05/2008] [Accepted: 12/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Thiel OR, Achmatowicz M, Bernard C, Wheeler P, Savarin C, Correll TL, Kasparian A, Allgeier A, Bartberger MD, Tan H, Larsen RD. Development of a Practical Synthesis of a p38 MAP Kinase Inhibitor. Org Process Res Dev 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/op800250v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver R. Thiel
- Department of Chemical Process Research and Development, Department of Molecular Structure and Design, and Department of Analytical Research and Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799, U.S.A
| | - Michal Achmatowicz
- Department of Chemical Process Research and Development, Department of Molecular Structure and Design, and Department of Analytical Research and Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799, U.S.A
| | - Charles Bernard
- Department of Chemical Process Research and Development, Department of Molecular Structure and Design, and Department of Analytical Research and Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799, U.S.A
| | - Philip Wheeler
- Department of Chemical Process Research and Development, Department of Molecular Structure and Design, and Department of Analytical Research and Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799, U.S.A
| | - Cecile Savarin
- Department of Chemical Process Research and Development, Department of Molecular Structure and Design, and Department of Analytical Research and Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799, U.S.A
| | - Tiffany L. Correll
- Department of Chemical Process Research and Development, Department of Molecular Structure and Design, and Department of Analytical Research and Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799, U.S.A
| | - Annie Kasparian
- Department of Chemical Process Research and Development, Department of Molecular Structure and Design, and Department of Analytical Research and Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799, U.S.A
| | - Alan Allgeier
- Department of Chemical Process Research and Development, Department of Molecular Structure and Design, and Department of Analytical Research and Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799, U.S.A
| | - Michael D. Bartberger
- Department of Chemical Process Research and Development, Department of Molecular Structure and Design, and Department of Analytical Research and Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799, U.S.A
| | - Helming Tan
- Department of Chemical Process Research and Development, Department of Molecular Structure and Design, and Department of Analytical Research and Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799, U.S.A
| | - Robert D. Larsen
- Department of Chemical Process Research and Development, Department of Molecular Structure and Design, and Department of Analytical Research and Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1799, U.S.A
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Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by a chronic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa. The mucosal epithelium of the alimentary tract constitutes a key element of the mucosal barrier to a broad spectrum of deleterious substances present within the intestinal lumen including bacterial microorganisms, various dietary factors, gastrointestinal secretory products and drugs. In addition, this mucosal barrier can be disturbed in the course of various intestinal disorders including inflammatory bowel diseases. Fortunately, the integrity of the gastrointestinal surface epithelium is rapidly reestablished even after extensive destruction. Rapid resealing of the epithelial barrier following injuries is accomplished by a process termed epithelial restitution, followed by more delayed mechanisms of epithelial wound healing including increased epithelial cell proliferation and epithelial cell differentiation. Restitution of the intestinal surface epithelium is modulated by a range of highly divergent factors among them a broad spectrum of structurally distinct regulatory peptides, variously described as growth factors or cytokines. Several regulatory peptide factors act from the basolateral site of the epithelial surface and enhance epithelial cell restitution through TGF-β-dependent pathways. In contrast, members of the trefoil factor family (TFF peptides) appear to stimulate epithelial restitution in conjunction with mucin glycoproteins through a TGF-β-independent mechanism from the apical site of the intestinal epithelium. In addition, a number of other peptide molecules like extracellular matrix factors and blood clotting factors and also non-peptide molecules including phospholipids, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), adenine nucleotides, trace elements and pharmacological agents modulate intestinal epithelial repair mechanisms. Repeated damage and injury of the intestinal surface are key features of various intestinal disorders including inflammatory bowel diseases and require constant repair of the epithelium. Enhancement of intestinal repair mechanisms by regulatory peptides or other modulatory factors may provide future approaches for the treatment of diseases that are characterized by injuries of the epithelial surface.
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35
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An improved procedure for the synthesis of 4-methylimidazol-2-one. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2007.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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