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Mykhailiuk PK. Fluorine-Containing Prolines: Synthetic Strategies, Applications, and Opportunities. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6961-7005. [PMID: 35175772 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated prolines play an important role in peptide studies, protein engineering, medicinal chemistry, drug discovery, and agrochemistry. Since the first synthesis of 4-fluoroprolines by Gottlieb and Witkop in 1965, their popularity started to grow exponentially. For example, during the past two decades, all isomeric trifluoromethyl-substituted prolines have been synthesized. In this Perspective, chemical properties and applications of fluorinated prolines are discussed. Synthetic approaches to all known fluorine-containing prolines are also discussed and analyzed. This analysis unexpectedly revealed an unsolved problem: in strict contrast to fluoro- and trifluoromethyl-substituted prolines, the corresponding analogues with fluoromethyl and difluoromethyl groups are mostly unknown. At the end of the paper, structures of several interesting, yet unknown, fluorinated prolines are disclosed─a good opportunity for chemists to make them.
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Bian Q, Wu C, Yuan J, Shi Z, Ding T, Huang Y, Xu H, Xu Y. Iron Nitrate-Mediated Selective Synthesis of 3-Acyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles from Alkynes and Nitriles: The Dual Roles of Iron Nitrate. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4058-4066. [PMID: 31994881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A direct strategy for the selective synthesis of 3-acyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles from alkynes and nitriles has been developed under iron(III) nitrate-mediated conditions. The mechanism includes three sequential procedures: iron(III) nitrate-mediated nitration of alkynes leads to α-nitroketones, dehydration of α-nitroketones provides the nitrile oxides, and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrile oxides with nitriles produces 3-acyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles under iron-mediated conditions. Iron(III) nitrate plays dual roles in the nitration of alkynes and the activation of nitriles, while the formation of pyrimidine/isoxazole byproducts can be efficiently inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Bian
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Cunluo Wu
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jiangpei Yuan
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zuodong Shi
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Tao Ding
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yongwei Huang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yuanqing Xu
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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3
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Pantaleão SQ, Philot EA, de Oliveira Almeida M, Lima AN, de Sairre MI, Scott AL, Honorio KM. Integrated Protocol to Design Potential Inhibitors of Dipeptidyl Peptidase- 4 (DPP-4). Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 20:209-226. [PMID: 31878857 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666191226101543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A strategy for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus is the inhibition of the enzyme known as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). AIMS This study aims to investigate the main interactions between DPP-4 and a set of inhibitors, as well as proposing potential candidates to inhibit this enzyme. METHODS We performed molecular docking studies followed by the construction and validation of CoMFA and CoMSIA models. The information provided from these models was used to aid in the search for new candidates to inhibit DPP-4 and the design of new bioactive ligands from structural modifications in the most active molecule of the studied series. RESULTS We were able to propose a set of analogues with biological activity predicted by the CoMFA and CoMSIA models, suggesting that our protocol can be used to guide the design of new DPP-4 inhibitors as drug candidates to treat diabetes. CONCLUSION Once the integration of the techniques mentioned in this article was effective, our strategy can be applied to design possible new DPP-4 inhibitors as candidates to treat diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Queiroz Pantaleão
- Center for Sciences Natural and Human, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eric Allison Philot
- Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Angelica Nakagawa Lima
- Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirela Inês de Sairre
- Center for Sciences Natural and Human, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Ligia Scott
- Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kathia Maria Honorio
- Center for Sciences Natural and Human, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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4
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Synthesis, antibacterial activity, and biological evaluation of formyl hydroxyamino derivatives as novel potent peptide deformylase inhibitors against drug-resistant bacteria. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 86:133-52. [PMID: 25151577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Peptide deformylase (PDF) has been identified as a promising target for novel antibacterial agents. In this study, a series of novel formyl hydroxyamino derivatives were designed and synthesized as PDF inhibitors and their antibacterial activities were evaluated. Among the potent PDF inhibitors (1o, 1q, 1o', 1q', and 1x), in vivo studies showed that compound 1q possesses mild toxicity, a good pharmacokinetic profile and protective effects. The good in vivo efficacy and low toxicity suggest that this class of compounds has potential for development and use in future antibacterial drugs.
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Ji X, Su M, Wang J, Deng G, Deng S, Li Z, Tang C, Li J, Li J, Zhao L, Jiang H, Liu H. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of hetero-aromatic moieties substituted pyrrole-2-carbonitrile derivatives as dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 75:111-22. [PMID: 24531224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel hetero-aromatic moieties substituted α-amino pyrrole-2-carbonitrile derivatives was designed and synthesized based on structure-activity relationships (SARs) of pyrrole-2-carbonitrile inhibitors. All compounds demonstrated good dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) inhibitory activities (IC50 = 0.004-113.6 μM). Moreover, compounds 6h (IC50 = 0.004 μM) and 6n (IC50 = 0.01 μM) showed excellent inhibitory activities against DPP4, good selectivity (compound 6h, selective ratio: DPP8/DPP4 = 450.0; DPP9/DPP4 = 375.0; compound 6n, selective ratio: DPP8/DPP4 = 470.0; DPP9/DPP4 = 750.0) and good efficacy in an oral glucose tolerance test in ICR mice. Furthermore, compounds 6h and 6n demonstrated moderate PK properties (compound 6h, F% = 37.8%, t1/2 = 1.45 h; compound 6n, F% = 16.8%, t1/2 = 3.64 h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wen Hua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Mingbo Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; East China of Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, PR China
| | - Jiang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Guanghui Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Sisi Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Zeng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Chunlan Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jingya Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Linxiang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wen Hua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Hualiang Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wen Hua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Hong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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Ramsbeck D, Buchholz M, Koch B, Böhme L, Hoffmann T, Demuth HU, Heiser U. Structure–Activity Relationships of Benzimidazole-Based Glutaminyl Cyclase Inhibitors Featuring a Heteroaryl Scaffold. J Med Chem 2013; 56:6613-25. [DOI: 10.1021/jm4001709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ramsbeck
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Enzymology §Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, Probiodrug AG, Weinbergweg 22, 06120
Halle, Germany
| | - Mirko Buchholz
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Enzymology §Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, Probiodrug AG, Weinbergweg 22, 06120
Halle, Germany
| | - Birgit Koch
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Enzymology §Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, Probiodrug AG, Weinbergweg 22, 06120
Halle, Germany
| | - Livia Böhme
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Enzymology §Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, Probiodrug AG, Weinbergweg 22, 06120
Halle, Germany
| | - Torsten Hoffmann
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Enzymology §Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, Probiodrug AG, Weinbergweg 22, 06120
Halle, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Demuth
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Enzymology §Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, Probiodrug AG, Weinbergweg 22, 06120
Halle, Germany
| | - Ulrich Heiser
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Department of Enzymology §Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, Probiodrug AG, Weinbergweg 22, 06120
Halle, Germany
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7
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Vícha R, Rouchal M, Kozubková Z, Kuřitka I, Marek R, Branná P, Čmelík R. Novel adamantane-bearing anilines and properties of their supramolecular complexes with β-cyclodextrin. Supramol Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2011.593628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Vícha
- a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology , Tomas Bata University in Zlín , Náměstí T. G. Masaryka, 275, 76001, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Rouchal
- a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology , Tomas Bata University in Zlín , Náměstí T. G. Masaryka, 275, 76001, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Kozubková
- a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology , Tomas Bata University in Zlín , Náměstí T. G. Masaryka, 275, 76001, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Kuřitka
- b Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology , Tomas Bata University in Zlín , Náměstí T. G. Masaryka, 275, 76001, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Marek
- c National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University , Kamenice 5/A4, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
- d Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University , Kamenice 5/A4, 62500, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Branná
- a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology , Tomas Bata University in Zlín , Náměstí T. G. Masaryka, 275, 76001, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Richard Čmelík
- e Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the ASCR, v.v.i. , Veveří, 97, 60200, Brno, Czech Republic
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8
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Singh RP, Umemoto T. 4-Fluoropyrrolidine-2-carbonyl Fluorides: Useful Synthons and Their Facile Preparation with 4-tert-Butyl-2,6-dimethylphenylsulfur Trifluoride. J Org Chem 2011; 76:3113-21. [DOI: 10.1021/jo1025783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra P. Singh
- IM&T Research, Inc., 6860 North Broadway, Suite B, Denver, Colorado 80221, United States
| | - Teruo Umemoto
- IM&T Research, Inc., 6860 North Broadway, Suite B, Denver, Colorado 80221, United States
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9
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Steert K, Berg M, Mottram JC, Westrop GD, Coombs GH, Cos P, Maes L, Joossens J, Van der Veken P, Haemers A, Augustyns K. α-ketoheterocycles as inhibitors of Leishmania mexicana cysteine protease CPB. ChemMedChem 2011; 5:1734-48. [PMID: 20799311 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201000265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cysteine proteases of the papain superfamily are present in nearly all eukaryotes and also play pivotal roles in the biology of parasites. Inhibition of cysteine proteases is emerging as an important strategy to combat parasitic diseases such as sleeping sickness, Chagas disease, and leishmaniasis. Inspired by the in vivo antiparasitic activity of the vinylsulfone-based cysteine protease inhibitors, a series of α-ketoheterocycles were developed as reversible inhibitors of a recombinant L. mexicana cysteine protease, CPB2.8. Three isoxazoles and especially one oxadiazole compound are potent reversible inhibitors of CPB2.8; however, in vitro whole-organism screening against a panel of protozoan parasites did not fully correlate with the observed inhibition of the cysteine protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Steert
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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10
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Miyamoto Y, Banno Y, Yamashita T, Fujimoto T, Oi S, Moritoh Y, Asakawa T, Kataoka O, Yashiro H, Takeuchi K, Suzuki N, Ikedo K, Kosaka T, Tsubotani S, Tani A, Sasaki M, Funami M, Amano M, Yamamoto Y, Aertgeerts K, Yano J, Maezaki H. Discovery of a 3-Pyridylacetic Acid Derivative (TAK-100) as a Potent, Selective and Orally Active Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPP-4) Inhibitor. J Med Chem 2011; 54:831-50. [DOI: 10.1021/jm101236h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Miyamoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Banno
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Tohru Yamashita
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Fujimoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Satoru Oi
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Yusuke Moritoh
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Tomoko Asakawa
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Osamu Kataoka
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yashiro
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Koji Takeuchi
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Suzuki
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Koji Ikedo
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Takuo Kosaka
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Tsubotani
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Tani
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Masako Sasaki
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Miyuki Funami
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Michiko Amano
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Yoshio Yamamoto
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
| | - Kathleen Aertgeerts
- Takeda San Diego, Inc., 10410, Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jason Yano
- Takeda San Diego, Inc., 10410, Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Hironobu Maezaki
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 17-85, Jusohonmachi 2-Chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8686, Japan
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11
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Rich RL, Myszka DG. Survey of the year 2007 commercial optical biosensor literature. J Mol Recognit 2008; 21:355-400. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Kim BC, Kim KY, Lee HB, Shin H. Development of a Kilogram-Scale Synthesis of cis-LC15-0133 Tartrate, a Potent Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitor. Org Process Res Dev 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/op800076r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bong Chan Kim
- Chemical Development Division, LG Life Sciences, Ltd/ R&D Park, 104-1 Moonji-dong, Yusung-gu, Daejeon 305-380, Korea
| | - Kyu-Young Kim
- Chemical Development Division, LG Life Sciences, Ltd/ R&D Park, 104-1 Moonji-dong, Yusung-gu, Daejeon 305-380, Korea
| | - Hee Bong Lee
- Chemical Development Division, LG Life Sciences, Ltd/ R&D Park, 104-1 Moonji-dong, Yusung-gu, Daejeon 305-380, Korea
| | - Hyunik Shin
- Chemical Development Division, LG Life Sciences, Ltd/ R&D Park, 104-1 Moonji-dong, Yusung-gu, Daejeon 305-380, Korea
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