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Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhai Y, Zhao X, Lv M, Yu S, Xiao H, Song Y. Inhibitory mechanism of chrysin and diosmetin to α-glucosidase: insights from kinetics, multispectroscopy and molecular docking investigations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38289727 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2310207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity is a promising method to prevent postprandial hyperglycemia. The inhibitory effect and interaction of chrysin and diosmetin on α-glucosidase were studied in this study. The results of inhibition kinetics showed that chrysin and diosmetin reversibly inhibited α-glucosidase activity with IC50 value of 26.445 ± 1.406 μmol L-1 and 18.380 ± 1.264 μmol L-1, respectively. Further research revealed that chrysin exhibited a mixed-type inhibitory pattern against α-glucosidase, while diosmetin was noncompetitive inhibitory with Ki value of (2.6 ± 0.04) ×10-4 mol L-1. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that both chrysin and diosmetin could quench the intrinsic fluorescence of α-glucosidase, the maximum emission wavelength of tyrosine (Tyr) and tryptophan (Trp) were not moved by chrysin, but red shifted by diosmetin. UV-Vis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and circular dichroism (CD) measurements showed that the secondary structure and microenvironment of α-glucosidase were changed by chrysin and diosmetin. Further analysis of molecular docking showed that chrysin and diosmetin could bind with α-glucosidase and might cause the decrease of α-glucosidase activity. The results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation showed that the stability of chrysin (or diosmetin)-α-glucosidase complex system was changed during binding process. In conclusion, chrysin and diosmetin are good α-glucosidase inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yaping Li
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhan Zhai
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxing Lv
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoxuan Yu
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Haifang Xiao
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanda Song
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
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Si Y, Zhu J, Xu X, Xu Y, Lee J, Park YD. Diphenolic boldine, an aporphine alkaloid: inhibitory effect evaluation on α-glucosidase by molecular dynamics integrating enzyme kinetics. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38189319 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2301769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Screening α-glucosidase inhibitors with novel structures is an important field in the development of anti-diabetic drugs due to their application in postprandial hyperglycemia control. Boldine is one of the potent natural antioxidants with a wide range of pharmacological activities. Virtual screening and biochemical inhibition kinetics combined with molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to verify the inactivation function of boldine on α-glucosidase. A series of inhibition kinetics and spectrometry detections were conducted to analyze the α-glucosidase inhibition. Computational simulations of molecular dynamics/docking analyses were conducted to detect boldine docking sites' details and evaluate the key binding residues. Boldine displayed a typical reversible and mixed-type inhibition manner. Measurements of circular dichroism and fluorescence spectrum showed boldine changed the secondary structure and loosened the tertiary conformation of target α-glucosidase. The computational molecular dynamics showed that boldine could block the active pocket site through close interaction with binding key residues, and two phenolic hydroxyl groups of boldine play a core function in α-glucosidase inhibition via ligand binding. This investigation reveals the boldine function on interaction with the α-glucosidase active site, which provides a new inhibitor candidate.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexiu Si
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
- Key Labortary of Blood-Stasis-Toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jiabo Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xia Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yueyuan Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jinhyuk Lee
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Bioinformatics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong-Doo Park
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, P.R. China
- Skin Diseases Research Center, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing, P.R. China
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Insights into the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition mechanism of 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-but-3-en-2-one from Scutellaria barbata D. Don: enzymatic kinetics, fluorescence spectroscopy and computational simulation. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02966-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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4
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Wang H, Tang S, Zhang G, Pan Y, Jiao W, Shao H. Synthesis of N-Substituted Iminosugar C-Glycosides and Evaluation as Promising α-Glucosidase Inhibitors. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175517. [PMID: 36080282 PMCID: PMC9458058 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of N-substituted iminosugar C-glycosides were synthesized and tested for α-glucosidase inhibition. The results suggested that 6e is a promising and potent α-glucosidase inhibitor. Enzymatic kinetic assays indicated that compound 6e may be classified as an uncompetitive inhibitor. The study of structure-activity relationships of those iminosugars provided a starting point for the discovery of new α-glucosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wang
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Zhejiang Hongyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linhai 317016, China
| | - Senling Tang
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, China
| | - Yang Pan
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Jiao
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (W.J.); (H.S.)
| | - Huawu Shao
- Natural Products Research Centre, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (W.J.); (H.S.)
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Liu D, Cao X, Kong Y, Mu T, Liu J. Inhibitory mechanism of sinensetin on α-glucosidase and non-enzymatic glycation: Insights from spectroscopy and molecular docking analyses. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:259-267. [PMID: 33115652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of α-glucosidase and non-enzymatic glycation is regarded as an effective method to prevent and treat type 2 diabetes and its complications. In this study, the inhibition of sinensetin on α-glucosidase and non-enzymatic glycation was studied with multi-spectroscopic techniques and molecular docking analysis. The results of fluorescence spectroscopy analysis indicated that sinensetin quenched the endogenous fluorescence of α-glucosidase in static manner. The binding of sinensetin with α-glucosidase was a spontaneous process primarily driven by hydrophobic interaction. At 298 K, the binding constant was (5.70 ± 0.12) × 104 L·mol-1 and the binding site number was 1. The conformation of α-glucosidase was altered by sinensetin, which was revealed by circular dichroism (CD), FTIR spectra, synchronous fluorescence and three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence spectroscopy methods. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated that sinensetin interacted with the amino acid residues of α-glucosidase, which might prevent the entrance of substrate, leading to the decrease of catalytic efficiency of α-glucosidase. Furthermore, glycation assays showed that sinensetin stabilized the structure of bovine serum albumins (BSA), interacted with BSA, strongly inhibited the formation of dityrosine, N'-formylkynurenine and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). This study provided useful information concerning sinensetin preventing and treating type 2 diabetes and its related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Cao
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China
| | - Yuchi Kong
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China
| | - Teng Mu
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China
| | - Jianli Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China.
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Kato E. Bioactive compounds in plant materials for the prevention of diabetesand obesity. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:975-985. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1580560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Plant materials have been widely studied for their preventive and therapeutic effects for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. The effect of a plant material arises from its constituents, and the study of these bioactive compounds is important to achieve a deeper understanding of its effect at the molecular level. In particular, the study of the effects of such bioactive compounds on various biological processes, from digestion to cellular responses, is required to fully understand the overall effects of plant materials in these health contexts. In this review, I summarize the bioactive compounds we have recently studied in our research group that target digestive enzymes, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, myocyte glucose uptake, and lipid accumulation in adipocytes.
Abbreviations: AC: adenylyl cyclase; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; βAR: β-adrenergic receptor; CA: catecholamine; cAMP: cyclic adenosine monophosphate; cGMP: cyclic guanosine monophosphate; DPP-4: dipeptidyl peptidase-4; ERK: extracellular signal-regulated kinase; GC: guanylyl cyclase; GH: growth hormone; GLP-1: glucagon-like peptide-1; GLUT: glucose transporter; HSL: hormone-sensitive lipase; IR: insulin receptor; IRS: insulin receptor substrate; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; MEK: MAPK/ERK kinase; MG: maltase-glucoamylase; NP: natriuretic peptide; NPR: natriuretic peptide receptor; mTORC2: mechanistic target of rapamycin complex-2; PC: proanthocyanidin; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PKA: cAMP-dependent protein kinase; PKB (AKT): protein kinase B; PKG: cGMP-dependent protein kinase; PPARγ: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ; SGLT1: sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1; SI: sucrase-isomaltase; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; TNFα: tumor necrosis factor-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eisuke Kato
- Division of Fundamental AgriScience and Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Co-based heterogeneous catalysts from well-defined α-diimine complexes: Discussing the role of nitrogen. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kato E, Tsuji H, Kawabata J. Selective purification of intestinal maltase complex by affinity chromatography employing an uncompetitive inhibitor as the ligand. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Singh M, Kaur M, Silakari O. Flavones: an important scaffold for medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 84:206-39. [PMID: 25019478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Flavones have antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-tumor, anti-microbial, estrogenic, acetyl cholinesterase, anti-inflammatory activities and are also used in cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Also, flavonoids are found to have an effect on several mammalian enzymes like protein kinases that regulate multiple cell signaling pathways and alterations in multiple cellular signaling pathways are frequently found in many diseases. Flavones have been an indispensable anchor for the development of new therapeutic agents. The majority of metabolic diseases are speculated to originate from oxidative stress, and it is therefore significant that recent studies have shown the positive effect of flavones on diseases related to oxidative stress. Due to the wide range of biological activities of flavones, their structure-activity relationships have generated interest among medicinal chemists. The outstanding development of flavones derivatives in diverse diseases in very short span of time proves its magnitude for medicinal chemistry research. The present review gives detail about the structural requirement of flavone derivatives for various pharmacological activities. This information may provide an opportunity to scientists of medicinal chemistry discipline to design selective, optimize as well as poly-functional flavone derivatives for the treatment of multi-factorial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjinder Singh
- Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India
| | - Maninder Kaur
- Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India
| | - Om Silakari
- Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India.
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Synthesis and the Intestinal Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of 2-Aminoresorcinol Derivatives toward an Investigation of Its Binding Site. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 76:1044-6. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.120009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Tyl CE, Bunzel M. Activity-Guided Fractionation to Identify Blue Wheat (UC66049Triticum aestivumL.) Constituents Capable of Inhibiting In Vitro Starch Digestion. Cereal Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-07-13-0138-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catrin E. Tyl
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A
| | - Mirko Bunzel
- Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Adenauerring 20A, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Corresponding author. Phone: +49-721-608-42936. E-mail:
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Khathi A, Serumula MR, Myburg RB, Van Heerden FR, Musabayane CT. Effects of Syzygium aromaticum-derived triterpenes on postprandial blood glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats following carbohydrate challenge. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81632. [PMID: 24278452 PMCID: PMC3838356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recent reports suggest that the hypoglycaemic effects of the triterpenes involve inhibition of glucose transport in the small intestine. Therefore, the effects of Syzygiumspp-derived triterpenes oleanolic acid (OA) and maslinic acid (MA) were evaluated on carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes in STZ-induced diabetic rats and consequences on postprandial hyperglycaemia after carbohydrate loading. Methods We determined using Western blot analysis the expressions of α-amylase and α-glucosidase and glucose transporters SGLT1 and GLUT2 in the small intestine intestines isolated from diabetic rats treated with OA/MA for 5 weeks. Invitro assays were used to assess the inhibitory activities of OA and MA against α-amylase, α-glucosidase and sucrase. Results OA and MA ameliorated postprandial hyperglycemia in carbohydrate loaded diabetic rats as indicated by the significantly small glucose area under the curve (AUC) in treated diabetic animals compared with that in untreated diabetic rats. Western blotting showed that OA and MA treatment not only down-regulated the increase of SGLT1 and GLUT2 expressions in the small intestine of STZ-induced diabetic rats, but also inhibited small intestine α-amylase, sucrase and α-glucosidase activity. IC50 values of OA against α-amylase (3.60 ± 0.18 mmol/L), α-glucosidase (12.40 ± 0.11 mmol/L) and sucrase (11.50 ± 0.13 mmol/L) did not significantly differ from those of OA and acarbose. Conclusions The results of suggest that OA and MA may be used as potential supplements for treating postprandial hyperglycemia. Novelty of the Work The present observations indicate that besides improving glucose homeostasis in diabetes, OA and MA suppress postprandial hyperglycaemia mediated in part via inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolysis and reduction of glucose transporters in the gastrointestinal tract. Inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase can significantly decrease the postprandial hyperglycaemia after a mixed carbohydrate diet and therefore can be an important strategy in the management of postprandial blood glucose levels in NIDDM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andile Khathi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Metse R. Serumula
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Rene B. Myburg
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Fanie R. Van Heerden
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Cephas T. Musabayane
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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Park S, Hyun S, Yu J. Selective α-glucosidase substrates and inhibitors containing short aromatic peptidyl moieties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:2441-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2010] [Revised: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hu X, Xiao Y, Wu J, Ma L. Evaluation of Polyhydroxybenzophenones as α-Glucosidase Inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2010; 344:71-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201000147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Revised: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Liu Y, Ke Z, Cui J, Chen WH, Ma L, Wang B. Synthesis, inhibitory activities, and QSAR study of xanthone derivatives as α-glucosidase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:7185-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2008] [Revised: 06/21/2008] [Accepted: 06/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Park H, Hwang KY, Kim YH, Oh KH, Lee JY, Kim K. Discovery and biological evaluation of novel alpha-glucosidase inhibitors with in vivo antidiabetic effect. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:3711-5. [PMID: 18524587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2008] [Revised: 05/14/2008] [Accepted: 05/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Discovery of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors has been actively pursued with the aim to develop therapeutics for the treatment of diabetes and the other carbohydrate-mediated diseases. We have identified four novel alpha-glucosidase inhibitors by means of a drug design protocol involving the structure-based virtual screening under consideration of the effects of ligand solvation in the scoring function and in vitro enzyme assay. Because the newly identified inhibitors reveal in vivo antidiabetic activity as well as a significant potency with more than 70% inhibition of the catalytic activity of alpha-glucosidase at 50 microM, all of them seem to deserve further development to discover new drugs for diabetes. Structural features relevant to the interactions of the newly identified inhibitors with the active site residues of alpha-glucosidase are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwangseo Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 98 Kunja-Dong, Kwangjin-Ku, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea.
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