1
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Cannabinoid receptor type 2 ligands: an analysis of granted patents since 2010. Pharm Pat Anal 2021; 10:111-163. [DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2021-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The G-protein-coupled cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2R) is a key element of the endocannabinoid (EC) system. EC/CB2R signaling has significant therapeutic potential in major pathologies affecting humans such as allergies, neurodegenerative disorders, inflammation or ocular diseases. CB2R agonism exerts anti-inflammatory and tissue protective effects in preclinical animal models of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, liver, kidney, lung and neurodegenerative disorders. Existing ligands can be subdivided into endocannabinoids, cannabinoid-like and synthetic CB2R ligands that possess various degrees of potency on and selectivity against the cannabinoid receptor type 1. This review is an account of granted CB2R ligand patents from 2010 up to the present, which were surveyed using Derwent Innovation®.
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2
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Páez JA, Campillo NE. Innovative Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoid Receptors as Targets in Alzheimer’s Disease and Less Well-Known Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3300-3340. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180226095132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
:
The discovery of cannabinoid receptors at the beginning of the 1990s, CB1 cloned
in 1990 and CB2 cloned in 1993, and the availability of selective and potent cannabimimetics
could only be justified by the existence of endogenous ligands that are capable of binding to
them. Thus, the characterisation and cloning of the first cannabinoid receptor (CB1) led to the
isolation and characterisation of the first endocannabinoid, arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA),
two years later and the subsequent identification of a family of lipid transmitters known as the
fatty acid ester 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG).
:
The endogenous cannabinoid system is a complex signalling system that comprises transmembrane
endocannabinoid receptors, their endogenous ligands (the endocannabinoids), the
specific uptake mechanisms and the enzymatic systems related to their biosynthesis and degradation.
:
The endocannabinoid system has been implicated in a wide diversity of biological processes,
in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, including memory, learning, neuronal development,
stress and emotions, food intake, energy regulation, peripheral metabolism, and
the regulation of hormonal balance through the endocrine system.
:
In this context, this article will review the current knowledge of the therapeutic potential of
cannabinoid receptor as a target in Alzheimer’s disease and other less well-known diseases
that include, among others, multiple sclerosis, bone metabolism, and Fragile X syndrome.
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The therapeutic applications will be addressed through the study of cannabinoid agonists acting
as single drugs and multi-target drugs highlighting the CB2 receptor agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A. Páez
- Instituto de Quimica Medica (IQM-CSIC). C/ Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria E. Campillo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CIB-CSIC). C/ Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Kallinen A, Boyd R, Lane S, Bhalla R, Mardon K, Stimson DHR, Werry EL, Fulton R, Connor M, Kassiou M. Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of fluorine-18 benzimidazole sulfones as CB2 PET-radioligands. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:5086-5098. [PMID: 31070218 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00656g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2) is up-regulated on activated microglial cells and can potentially be used as a biomarker for PET-imaging of neuroinflammation. In this study the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel fluorinated pyridyl and ethyl sulfone analogues of 2-(tert-butyl)-5-((2-fluoropyridin-4-yl)sulfonyl)-1-(2-methylpentyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (rac-1a) are described. In general, the ligands showed low nanomolar potency (CB2 EC50 < 10 nM) and excellent selectivity over the CB1 subtype (>10 000×). Selected ligands 1d, 1e, 1g and 3l showing high CB2 binding affinity (Ki < 10 nM) were radiolabelled with fluorine-18 from chloropyridyl and alkyl tosylate precursors with good to high isolated radioactive yields (25-44%, non-decay corrected, at the end of synthesis). CB2-specific binding of the radioligand candidates [18F]-1d and [18F]-3l was assessed on rat spleen cryosections using in vitro autoradiography. The results warrant further in vivo evaluation of the tracer candidates as prospective CB2 PET-imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annukka Kallinen
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Rochelle Boyd
- Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Samuel Lane
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Rajiv Bhalla
- The Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Karine Mardon
- The Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Damion H R Stimson
- The Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Eryn L Werry
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Roger Fulton
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Mark Connor
- Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Michael Kassiou
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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4
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Martínez-Pinilla E, Varani K, Reyes-Resina I, Angelats E, Vincenzi F, Ferreiro-Vera C, Oyarzabal J, Canela EI, Lanciego JL, Nadal X, Navarro G, Borea PA, Franco R. Binding and Signaling Studies Disclose a Potential Allosteric Site for Cannabidiol in Cannabinoid CB 2 Receptors. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:744. [PMID: 29109685 PMCID: PMC5660261 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of action of cannabidiol (CBD), the main non-psychotropic component of Cannabis sativa L., is not completely understood. First assumed that the compound was acting via cannabinoid CB2 receptors (CB2Rs) it is now suggested that it interacts with non-cannabinoid G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs); however, CBD does not bind with high affinity to the orthosteric site of any GPCR. To search for alternative explanations, we tested CBD as a potential allosteric ligand of CB2R. Radioligand and non-radioactive homogeneous binding, intracellular cAMP determination and ERK1/2 phosphorylation assays were undertaken in heterologous systems expressing the human version of CB2R. Using membrane preparations from CB2R-expressing HEK-293T (human embryonic kidney 293T) cells, we confirmed that CBD does not bind with high affinity to the orthosteric site of the human CB2R where the synthetic cannabinoid, [3H]-WIN 55,212-2, binds. CBD was, however, able to produce minor but consistent reduction in the homogeneous binding assays in living cells using the fluorophore-conjugated CB2R-selective compound, CM-157. The effect on binding to CB2R-expressing living cells was different to that exerted by the orthosteric antagonist, SR144528, which decreased the maximum binding without changing the KD. CBD at nanomolar concentrations was also able to significantly reduce the effect of the selective CB2R agonist, JWH133, on forskolin-induced intracellular cAMP levels and on activation of the MAP kinase pathway. These results may help to understand CBD mode of action and may serve to revisit its therapeutic possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Martínez-Pinilla
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias, Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Katia Varani
- Pharmacology Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Irene Reyes-Resina
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Edgar Angelats
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Vincenzi
- Pharmacology Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Julen Oyarzabal
- Small Molecule Discovery Platform, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enric I Canela
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Lanciego
- Neuroscience Department, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Gemma Navarro
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pier Andrea Borea
- Pharmacology Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rafael Franco
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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5
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Romero-Parra J, Chung H, Tapia RA, Faúndez M, Morales-Verdejo C, Lorca M, Lagos CF, Di Marzo V, David Pessoa-Mahana C, Mella J. Combined CoMFA and CoMSIA 3D-QSAR study of benzimidazole and benzothiophene derivatives with selective affinity for the CB2 cannabinoid receptor. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 101:1-10. [PMID: 28137469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The preceding years have brought an exponential increase in our understanding of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), including the knowledge of CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, endocannabinoids, and the enzymes that synthesize and degrade endocannabinoids. Among these ECS components CB2 receptors have been the subject of considerable attention, primarily due to their promising therapeutic potential to treat numerous pathologies while avoiding the adverse psychotropic effects that can accompany CB1 receptor-based therapies. Recently, our research group has reported a new series of non-cytotoxic benzo[d]imidazoles and benzo[b]thiophenes displaying high CB2/CB1 selectivity index. In order to investigate the structural requirements for CB2 ligands and to derive a predictive model that can be used for the design of novel selective CB2 ligands, a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) study was performed on the above mentioned chemical series employing comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity index analysis (CoMSIA) techniques. The CoMFA and CoMSIA models displayed high external predictability (rpred2 0.919 and 0.908) and good statistical robustness. Valuable information regarding the steric, electrostatic and hydrophobic properties of the molecules was obtained, and several modifications around both heterocycles were evaluated with the aim to generate new promising series of benzo[d]imidazoles and benzo[b]thiophenes derivatives displaying high CB2 selectivity and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Romero-Parra
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hery Chung
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo A Tapia
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 702843, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Faúndez
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cesar Morales-Verdejo
- Universidad Bernardo OHiggins, Laboratorio de Bionanotecnología, General Gana 1702, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcos Lorca
- Instituto de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Casilla 5030, Chile
| | - Carlos F Lagos
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Lira 85, 5th Floor, Santiago Centro 8330074, Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Campus Los Leones, Lota 2465, Providencia 7510157, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Napoli, Italy
| | - C David Pessoa-Mahana
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime Mella
- Instituto de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Av. Gran Bretaña 1111, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Casilla 5030, Chile.
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6
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Synthesis of bromodifluoromethyl(arylsulfonyl) compounds and microwave-assisted nickel catalyzed cross coupling with arylboronic acids. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.10.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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7
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Aghazadeh Tabrizi M, Baraldi PG, Borea PA, Varani K. Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Potential Therapeutic Benefits of Cannabinoid CB2 Receptor Agonists. Chem Rev 2016; 116:519-60. [PMID: 26741146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Aghazadeh Tabrizi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Medical Science, Pharmacology Section, University of Ferrara , Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Pier Giovanni Baraldi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Medical Science, Pharmacology Section, University of Ferrara , Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Pier Andrea Borea
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Medical Science, Pharmacology Section, University of Ferrara , Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Katia Varani
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and ‡Department of Medical Science, Pharmacology Section, University of Ferrara , Ferrara 44121, Italy
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8
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Iwata Y, Ando K, Taniguchi K, Koba N, Sugiura A, Sudo M. Identification of a highly potent and selective CB2 agonist, RQ-00202730, for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 25:236-40. [PMID: 25499880 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the identification of a highly potent and selective CB2 agonist, RQ-00202730 (40), obtained by lead optimization of the benzimidazole scaffold. Compound 40 showed strong agonistic activity with an EC50 of 19nM and excellent selectivity (>1300-fold) over the CB1 receptor. Compound 40 displayed a dose dependent analgesic effect on TNBS-induced visceral hypersensitivity in rats by oral administration (ED50 0.66mg/kg at 2.5h after oral administration). In addition, 40 did not show a significant effect on body temperature in rats after oral administration at 300mg/kg. These findings suggest that highly selective CB2 agonists will be effective agents for IBS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Iwata
- Research and Development, RaQualia Pharma Inc, 5-2 Taketoyo, Aichi 470-2341, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Ando
- Research and Development, RaQualia Pharma Inc, 5-2 Taketoyo, Aichi 470-2341, Japan
| | - Kana Taniguchi
- Research and Development, RaQualia Pharma Inc, 5-2 Taketoyo, Aichi 470-2341, Japan
| | - Naomi Koba
- Research and Development, RaQualia Pharma Inc, 5-2 Taketoyo, Aichi 470-2341, Japan
| | - Akemi Sugiura
- Research and Development, RaQualia Pharma Inc, 5-2 Taketoyo, Aichi 470-2341, Japan
| | - Masaki Sudo
- Research and Development, RaQualia Pharma Inc, 5-2 Taketoyo, Aichi 470-2341, Japan
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9
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Mamedov VA, Murtazina AM, Zhukova NA, Beschastnova TN, Rizvanov IK, Latypov SK. The reactions of 3-ethoxycarbonylmethylene-3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one and its derivatives in the synthesis of benzodiazepines and benzimidazoles: reinvestigation, structural reassignment, and new insight. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.07.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Amhaoul H, Staelens S, Dedeurwaerdere S. Imaging brain inflammation in epilepsy. Neuroscience 2014; 279:238-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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11
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Nimczick M, Pemp D, Darras FH, Chen X, Heilmann J, Decker M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of bivalent cannabinoid receptor ligands based on hCB₂R selective benzimidazoles reveal unexpected intrinsic properties. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:3938-46. [PMID: 24984935 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The design of bivalent ligands targeting G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) often leads to the development of new, highly selective and potent compounds. To date, no bivalent ligands for the human cannabinoid receptor type 2 (hCB₂R) of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) are described. Therefore, two sets of homobivalent ligands containing as parent structure the hCB2R selective agonist 13a and coupled at different attachment positions were synthesized. Changes of the parent structure at these positions have a crucial effect on the potency and efficacy of the ligands. However, we discovered that bivalency has an influence on the effect at both cannabinoid receptors. Moreover, we found out that the spacer length and the attachment position altered the efficacy of the bivalent ligands at the receptors by turning agonists into antagonists and inverse agonists.
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MESH Headings
- Benzimidazoles/chemical synthesis
- Benzimidazoles/chemistry
- Benzimidazoles/metabolism
- Drug Design
- Humans
- Kinetics
- Ligands
- Protein Binding
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/agonists
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/agonists
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Nimczick
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany; Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Chemie I, Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Pemp
- Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Fouad H Darras
- Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Chemie I, Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany; Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Chemie I, Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Heilmann
- Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany; Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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12
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Mamedov VA, Murtazina AM, Adgamova DI, Zhukova NA, Beschastnova TN, Kharlamov SV, Rizvanov IK, Latypov SK. Three Questionable Cases in the Chemistry of Quinoxalines and Benzodiazepines in the Way of the Syntheses of Benzimidazoles. J Heterocycl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vakhid A. Mamedov
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry; Kazan Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
| | - Anna M. Murtazina
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry; Kazan Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
| | - Dil'bar I. Adgamova
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry; Kazan Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
| | - Nataliya A. Zhukova
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry; Kazan Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
| | - Tat'yana N. Beschastnova
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry; Kazan Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
| | - Sergey V. Kharlamov
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry; Kazan Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
| | - Il'dar Kh. Rizvanov
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry; Kazan Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
| | - Shamil K. Latypov
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry; Kazan Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov Street 8 Kazan 420088 Russian Federation
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13
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Han S, Thatte J, Buzard DJ, Jones RM. Therapeutic Utility of Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 (CB2) Selective Agonists. J Med Chem 2013; 56:8224-56. [DOI: 10.1021/jm4005626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangdon Han
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6166 Nancy Ridge Drive, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jayant Thatte
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6166 Nancy Ridge Drive, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Daniel J. Buzard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6166 Nancy Ridge Drive, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Robert M. Jones
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6166 Nancy Ridge Drive, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
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14
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GILBERT EJ, LUNN CA. Recent Advances in Selective CB2 Agonists for the Treatment of Pain. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG DISCOVERY 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849735346-00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The cannabinoid CB2 receptor is one of a family of GPCRs that mediate the effects of endocannabinoids. Several agonists of this receptor are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of pain and inflammation, indications that have been validated by pre-clinical studies on agonists and in receptor knockout mice. Key to the clinical advancement of CB2 agonists is achieving selectivity over the related CB1 receptor, whose activation results in undesirable CNS effects, limiting therapeutic utility. A variety of CB2 receptor agonist chemotypes are reviewed including mono-, bi- and tricyclic cores and bi- and triaryl cores. Pharmacology, with a focus on selectivity requirements and a variety of pre-clinical animal models to assess activity and selectivity, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. J. GILBERT
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Merck Research Laboratories 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033 USA
| | - C. A. LUNN
- Department of In Vitro Pharmacology Merck Research Laboratories 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033 USA
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15
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Gijsen HJM, De Cleyn MAJ, Surkyn M, Van Lommen GRE, Verbist BMP, Nijsen MJMA, Meert T, Wauwe JV, Aerssens J. 5-sulfonyl-benzimidazoles as selective CB2 agonists-part 2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 22:547-52. [PMID: 22130134 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.10.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In a previous communication, the SAR of a series of potent and selective 5-sulfonyl-benzimidazole CB2-receptor agonists was described. The lack of in vivo activity of compounds from this series was attributed to their poor solubility and metabolic stability. In this Letter, we report on the further optimization of this series, leading to the relatively polar and peripherically acting CB2 agonists 41 and 49. Although both compounds were not active in acute pain models, the less selective compound 41 displayed good, sustained activity in a chronic model of neuropathic pain without the tolerance observed with morphine. In addition, both 41 and 49 delayed the onset of clinical symptoms in an experimental model for Multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrie J M Gijsen
- Janssen Research & Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium.
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Watson C, Owen DR, Harding D, Kon-I K, Lewis ML, Mason HJ, Matsumizu M, Mukaiyama T, Rodriguez-Lens M, Shima A, Takeuchi M, Tran I, Young T. Optimisation of a novel series of selective CNS penetrant CB2 agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:4284-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tverdomed SN, Kolanowski J, Lork E, Röschenthaler GV. An effective synthetic route to ortho-difluoromethyl arylphosphosphonates: studies on the reactivity of phosphorus- and fluorine-containing functions. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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van den Hoogenband A, Lange JH, Bronger RP, Stoit AR, Terpstra JW. A simple, base-free preparation of S-aryl thioacetates as surrogates for aryl thiols. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.10.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Berger C, Ho JTC, Kimura T, Hess S, Gawrisch K, Yeliseev A. Preparation of stable isotope-labeled peripheral cannabinoid receptor CB2 by bacterial fermentation. Protein Expr Purif 2010; 70:236-47. [PMID: 20044006 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2009.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We developed a bacterial fermentation protocol for production of a stable isotope-labeled cannabinoid receptor CB2 for subsequent structural studies of this protein by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The human peripheral cannabinoid receptor was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion with maltose binding protein and two affinity tags. The fermentation was performed in defined media comprised of mineral salts, glucose and (15)N(2)-L-tryptophan to afford incorporation of the labeled amino acid into the protein. Medium, growth and expression conditions were optimized so that the fermentation process produced about 2mg of purified, labeled CB2/L of culture medium. By performing a mass spectroscopic characterization of the purified CB2, we determined that one of the two (15)N atoms in tryptophan was incorporated into the recombinant protein. NMR analysis of (15)N chemical shifts strongly suggests that the (15)N atoms are located in Trp-indole rings. Importantly, analysis of the peptides derived from the CNBr cleavage of the purified protein confirmed a minimum of 95% incorporation of the labeled tryptophan into the CB2 sequence. The labeled CB2, purified and reconstituted into liposomes at a protein-to-lipid molar ratio of 1:500, was functional as confirmed by activation of cognate G proteins in an in vitro coupled assay. To our knowledge, this is the first reported production of a biologically active, stable isotope-labeled G protein-coupled receptor by bacterial fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Berger
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str., 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
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Chapter 11 Recent Advances in the Discovery of CB2 Selective Agonists. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(09)04411-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Goodman AJ, Ajello CW, Worm K, Bourdonnec BL, Savolainen MA, O’Hare H, Cassel JA, Stabley GJ, DeHaven RN, LaBuda CJ, Koblish M, Little PJ, Brogdon BL, Smith SA, Dolle RE. CB2 selective sulfamoyl benzamides: Optimization of the amide functionality. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:309-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2008] [Revised: 11/21/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Shen W, Kohn T, Fu Z, Jiao X, Lai S, Schmitt M. Synthesis of benzimidazoles from 1,1-dibromoethenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Evens N, Bosier B, Lavey BJ, Kozlowski JA, Vermaelen P, Baudemprez L, Busson R, Lambert DM, Van Laere K, Verbruggen AM, Bormans GM. Labelling and biological evaluation of [(11)C]methoxy-Sch225336: a radioligand for the cannabinoid-type 2 receptor. Nucl Med Biol 2008; 35:793-800. [PMID: 18848664 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2008] [Revised: 07/03/2008] [Accepted: 07/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB(2) receptor) is part of the endocannabinoid system and has been suggested as mediator of a number of central and peripheral inflammatory processes. In the present study, we have synthesized N-[(1s)-1-[4-[[4-methoxy-2-[(4-[(11)C]methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)-phenyl]sulfonyl] phenyl]ethyl]methanesulfonamide ([(11)C]methoxy-Sch225336) and evaluated this new tracer agent as a potential positron emission tomography radioligand for the in vivo visualization of CB(2) receptors. METHODS Sch225336 was demethylated and the resulting phenol precursor was radiolabelled with a carbon-11 methyl group by methylation using [(11)C]methyl iodide, followed by purification by high-performance liquid chromatography. The log P of [(11)C]methoxy-Sch225336 and its biodistribution in normal mice were determined. Enhancement of brain uptake by inhibition of blood-brain barrier (BBB) efflux transporters was studied. Mouse plasma was analysed to quantify the formation of radiometabolites. The affinity of Sch225336 for the human cannabinoid type 1 and type 2 receptor was determined. RESULTS [(11)C]methoxy-Sch225336 was obtained with a decay corrected radiochemical yield of about 30% and a specific activity of 88.8 GBq/mumol (end of synthesis). After intravenous injection in mice, the compound is rapidly cleared from the blood through the hepatobiliary pathway and does not show particular retention in any of the major organs. Polar metabolites were found in mouse plasma. Brain uptake was low despite the favourable log P value of 2.15, which is partly due to efflux by BBB pumps. CONCLUSION [(11)C]methoxy-Sch225336 is a good candidate for in vivo imaging of the CB(2) receptor, although the low blood-brain barrier penetration limits its potential for central nervous system imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Evens
- Laboratory for Radiopharmacy, K.U.Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
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DiMauro EF, Buchanan JL, Cheng A, Emkey R, Hitchcock SA, Huang L, Huang MY, Janosky B, Lee JH, Li X, Martin MW, Tomlinson SA, White RD, Zheng XM, Patel VF, Fremeau RT. Structural modifications of N-arylamide oxadiazoles: Identification of N-arylpiperidine oxadiazoles as potent and selective agonists of CB2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:4267-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2008] [Revised: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 06/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pagé D, Balaux E, Boisvert L, Liu Z, Milburn C, Tremblay M, Wei Z, Woo S, Luo X, Cheng YX, Yang H, Srivastava S, Zhou F, Brown W, Tomaszewski M, Walpole C, Hodzic L, St-Onge S, Godbout C, Salois D, Payza K. Novel benzimidazole derivatives as selective CB2 agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:3695-700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2008] [Revised: 05/16/2008] [Accepted: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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